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data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目錄</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移去側欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">收埋</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">文頭</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-分佈" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#分佈"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>分佈</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-分佈-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-形態" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#形態"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>形態</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-形態-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>切換去形態細章節</span> </button> <ul id="toc-形態-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-頭" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#頭"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>頭</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-頭-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-胸" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#胸"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>胸</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-胸-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-腹" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#腹"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>腹</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-腹-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-翼" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#翼"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>翼</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-翼-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-鱗片" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#鱗片"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>鱗片</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-鱗片-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-翼多型性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#翼多型性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>翼多型性</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-翼多型性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-細個個樣" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#細個個樣"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>細個個樣</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-細個個樣-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-毛蟲" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#毛蟲"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.1</span> <span>毛蟲</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-毛蟲-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-蛹" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#蛹"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.2</span> <span>蛹</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-蛹-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生命歷程" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生命歷程"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>生命歷程</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生命歷程-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>切換去生命歷程細章節</span> </button> <ul id="toc-生命歷程-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-卵" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#卵"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>卵</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-卵-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-幼蟲階段" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#幼蟲階段"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>幼蟲階段</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-幼蟲階段-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-結蛹" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#結蛹"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>結蛹</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-結蛹-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-蛹階段" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#蛹階段"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>蛹階段</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-蛹階段-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-成蟲階段" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#成蟲階段"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>成蟲階段</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-成蟲階段-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-習性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#習性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>習性</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-習性-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>切換去習性細章節</span> </button> <ul id="toc-習性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-食嘢" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#食嘢"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>食嘢</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-食嘢-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-共生" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#共生"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>共生</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-共生-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-過冬" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#過冬"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>過冬</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-過冬-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-遷徙" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#遷徙"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>遷徙</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-遷徙-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-曬太陽" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#曬太陽"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>曬太陽</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-曬太陽-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-競爭" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#競爭"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>競爭</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-競爭-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-交配" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#交配"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>交配</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-交配-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生態學研究" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生態學研究"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>生態學研究</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生態學研究-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>切換去生態學研究細章節</span> </button> <ul id="toc-生態學研究-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-天敵" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#天敵"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>天敵</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-天敵-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-防禦" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#防禦"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>防禦</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-防禦-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-化學防禦" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#化學防禦"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>化學防禦</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-化學防禦-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-擬態" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#擬態"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.2</span> <span>擬態</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-擬態-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-僞裝" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#僞裝"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.3</span> <span>僞裝</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-僞裝-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-威嚇防禦" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#威嚇防禦"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.4</span> <span>威嚇防禦</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-威嚇防禦-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生物分類" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生物分類"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>生物分類</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生物分類-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>切換去生物分類細章節</span> </button> <ul id="toc-生物分類-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-外類群" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外類群"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>外類群</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外類群-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-內類群" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#內類群"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>內類群</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-內類群-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文化影響" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文化影響"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>文化影響</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-文化影響-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>切換去文化影響細章節</span> </button> <ul id="toc-文化影響-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-粵文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#粵文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>粵文化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-粵文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-彩蝶倩影" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#彩蝶倩影"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>彩蝶倩影</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-彩蝶倩影-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-睇埋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#睇埋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>睇埋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-睇埋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>參考</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-拎" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#拎"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>拎</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-拎-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目錄" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="內容一覽" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="開/收內容一覽" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">開/收內容一覽</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">蝴蝶</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="去睇另一種語文嘅文章。有125種語言版本。" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-125" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">125種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skoenlapper" title="Skoenlapper – 南非荷蘭文" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Skoenlapper" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagfalter" title="Tagfalter – 德文（瑞士）" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Tagfalter" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="德文（瑞士）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A2%E1%88%AB%E1%89%A2%E1%88%AE" title="ቢራቢሮ – 阿姆哈拉文" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቢራቢሮ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/%27adipangpang" title="'adipangpang – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="'adipangpang" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A9" title="فراشة – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فراشة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="পখিলা – 阿薩姆文" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পখিলা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿薩姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhopalocera" title="Rhopalocera – 阿斯圖里亞文" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rhopalocera" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯圖里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwakwapicic" title="Kwakwapicic – 阿提卡米克文" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Kwakwapicic" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="阿提卡米克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilpintu" title="Pilpintu – 艾馬拉文" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Pilpintu" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="艾馬拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C9%99p%C9%99n%C9%99kl%C9%99r" title="Kəpənəklər – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kəpənəklər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%BE%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%86%DA%A9" title="کپه‌نک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کپه‌نک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupu-kupu" title="Kupu-kupu – 峇里文" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kupu-kupu" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="峇里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalibangbang" title="Kalibangbang – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kalibangbang" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Дневни пеперуди – 保加利亞文" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дневни пеперуди" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="প্রজাপতি – 孟加拉文" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রজাপতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%95%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="མེ་ལྕེབས། – 藏文" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མེ་ལྕེབས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papallones" title="Papallones – 加泰羅尼亞文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Papallones" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰羅尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B9-di%C4%95k" title="Hù-diĕk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hù-diĕk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%95%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%88%D9%84%DB%95" title="پەپوولە – 索拉尼庫爾德文" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پەپوولە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="索拉尼庫爾德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denn%C3%AD_mot%C3%BDli" title="Denní motýli – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Denní motýli" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gl%C3%B6yn_byw" title="Glöyn byw – 威爾斯文" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Glöyn byw" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威爾斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagsommerfugle" title="Dagsommerfugle – 丹麥文" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dagsommerfugle" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麥文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahimpi%C9%9B%C9%A3u" title="Kahimpiɛɣu – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Kahimpiɛɣu" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagfalter" title="Tagfalter – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tagfalter" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolibambang" title="Kolibambang – 中部杜順文" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Kolibambang" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="中部杜順文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Πεταλούδα – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πεταλούδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parp%C3%A0ja" title="Parpàja – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Parpàja" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="好文"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butterfly" title="Butterfly – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Butterfly" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhopalocera" title="Rhopalocera – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rhopalocera" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhopalocera" title="Rhopalocera – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rhopalocera" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4evaliblikad" title="Päevaliblikad – 愛沙尼亞文" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Päevaliblikad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="愛沙尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tximeleta" title="Tximeleta – 巴斯克文" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tximeleta" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="پروانه – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پروانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bebe" title="Bebe – 斐濟文" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Bebe" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="斐濟文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhopaloc%C3%A8res" title="Rhopalocères – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rhopalocères" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9ileac%C3%A1n" title="Féileacán – 愛爾蘭文" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Féileacán" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="愛爾蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dealan-d%C3%A8" title="Dealan-dè – 蘇格蘭蓋爾文" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Dealan-dè" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="蘇格蘭蓋爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolboreta" title="Bolboreta – 加里西亞文" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bolboreta" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BClir%C3%BC" title="Jülirü – 瓦尤文" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Jülirü" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="瓦尤文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malam_bu%C9%97e_littafi" title="Malam buɗe littafi – 豪撒文" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Malam buɗe littafi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪撒文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%B2ng-ya%CC%8Dp-%C3%A9" title="Yòng-ya̍p-é – 客家話" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Yòng-ya̍p-é" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家話" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D" title="פרפרים – 希伯來文" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרפרים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="तितली – 北印度文" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तितली" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="北印度文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titli" title="Titli – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Titli" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dnevni_leptiri" title="Dnevni leptiri – 克羅埃西亞文" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dnevni leptiri" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papiyon" title="Papiyon – 海地文" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Papiyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nappali_lepk%C3%A9k" title="Nappali lepkék – 匈牙利文" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nappali lepkék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%A9%D5%AB%D5%A9%D5%A5%D5%BC%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Թավշաթիթեռներ – 亞美尼亞文" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թավշաթիթեռներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亞美尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papilion" title="Papilion – 國際文" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Papilion" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="國際文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesulai" title="Kesulai – 伊班文" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Kesulai" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="伊班文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupu-kupu" title="Kupu-kupu – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kupu-kupu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D3%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Дийнахьара кӀормацаш – 印古什文" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Дийнахьара кӀормацаш" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="印古什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papiliono" title="Papiliono – 伊多文" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Papiliono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fi%C3%B0rildi" title="Fiðrildi – 冰島文" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fiðrildi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farfalla" title="Farfalla – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Farfalla" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A7%E3%82%A6" title="チョウ – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="チョウ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/toldi" title="toldi – 邏輯文" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="toldi" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="邏輯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BAbelekler" title="Gúbelekler – 卡拉卡爾帕克文" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Gúbelekler" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡爾帕克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1fi%CC%B1nfa%CC%B1n" title="A̱fi̱nfa̱n – 卡塔布文" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱fi̱nfa̱n" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="卡塔布文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kipele-pele" title="Kipele-pele – 剛果文" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kipele-pele" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="剛果文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rama-rama" title="Rama-rama – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Rama-rama" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86" title="ಚಿಟ್ಟೆ – 坎那達文" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಚಿಟ್ಟೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="坎那達文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%B9%84" title="나비 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="나비" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%8E%D9%86%DB%81%D9%95_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86%D9%9B%D9%BE%D9%8F%D8%B1" title="پَنہٕ پونٛپُر – 喀什米爾文" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="پَنہٕ پونٛپُر" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="喀什米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tykki_Duw" title="Tykki Duw – 康瓦耳文" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Tykki Duw" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康瓦耳文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papilio" title="Papilio – 拉丁文" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Papilio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dieniniai_drugiai" title="Dieniniai drugiai – 立陶宛文" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dieniniai drugiai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tauri%C5%86i" title="Tauriņi – 拉脫維亞文" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tauriņi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脫維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="तितली – 邁蒂利文" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="तितली" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="邁蒂利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%82" title="ചിത്രശലഭം – 馬來亞拉姆文" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചിത്രശലഭം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="馬來亞拉姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82" title="फुलपाखरू – 馬拉地文" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फुलपाखरू" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="馬拉地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupu-kupu" title="Kupu-kupu – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kupu-kupu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paixarina" title="Paixarina – 米蘭德斯文" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Paixarina" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米蘭德斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C" title="پاپلی – 馬贊德蘭文" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="پاپلی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="馬贊德蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennevoegel" title="Pennevoegel – 低地薩克遜文" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Pennevoegel" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低地薩克遜文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="पुतली – 尼泊爾文" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पुतली" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE" title="लापा – 尼瓦爾文" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="लापा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawa-kawa" title="Kawa-kawa – 尼亞斯文" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Kawa-kawa" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="尼亞斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagvlinders" title="Dagvlinders – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dagvlinders" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhopalocera" title="Rhopalocera – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rhopalocera" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%CA%BCaal%C3%B3gii" title="Kʼaalógii – 納瓦霍文" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Kʼaalógii" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="納瓦霍文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulugufe" title="Gulugufe – 尼揚賈文" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Gulugufe" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="尼揚賈文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BF" title="ପ୍ରଜାପତି – 歐利亞文" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ପ୍ରଜାପତି" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="歐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80" title="ਤਿਤਲੀ – 旁遮普文" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤਿਤਲੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talubang" title="Talubang – 潘帕嘉文" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Talubang" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="潘帕嘉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motyle_dzienne" title="Motyle dzienne – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Motyle dzienne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DA%A9%DA%BE%DA%91%D9%88%DA%BA" title="پکھڑوں – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پکھڑوں" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%A9%DB%8D" title="کوکۍ – 普什圖文" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کوکۍ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什圖文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borboleta" title="Borboleta – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Borboleta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluture" title="Fluture – 羅馬尼亞文" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fluture" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flituru" title="Flituru – 羅馬尼亞語系" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Flituru" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞語系" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Булавоусые чешуекрылые – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Булавоусые чешуекрылые" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B2%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F.%E1%B1%9D" title="ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱲᱤᱭᱟ.ᱝ – 散塔利文" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱲᱤᱭᱟ.ᱝ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="散塔利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraffalla" title="Fraffalla – 西西里文" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Fraffalla" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butterflee" title="Butterflee – 蘇格蘭文" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Butterflee" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="蘇格蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%BD" title="پوپٽ – 信德文" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="پوپٽ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dnevni_leptir" title="Dnevni leptir – 塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Dnevni leptir" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%94" title="සමනල්ලු – 僧伽羅文" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සමනල්ලු" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butterfly" title="Butterfly – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Butterfly" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dnevni_metulji" title="Dnevni metulji – 斯洛維尼亞文" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Dnevni metulji" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛維尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaveshave" title="Shaveshave – 塞內加爾文" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Shaveshave" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="塞內加爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balanbaalista" title="Balanbaalista – 索馬利文" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Balanbaalista" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索馬利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flutura" title="Flutura – 阿爾巴尼亞文" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Flutura" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿爾巴尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Дневни лептир – 塞爾維亞文" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Дневни лептир" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kukupu" title="Kukupu – 巽他文" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kukupu" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagfj%C3%A4rilar" title="Dagfjärilar – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dagfjärilar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kipepeo" title="Kipepeo – 史瓦希里文" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kipepeo" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="史瓦希里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="பட்டாம்பூச்சி – 坦米爾文" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பட்டாம்பூச்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="坦米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/qpiray" title="qpiray – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="qpiray" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95" title="సీతాకోకచిలుక – 泰盧固文" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సీతాకోకచిలుక" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰盧固文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Шапарак – 塔吉克文" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шапарак" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD_(%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%87)" title="ผีเสื้อ (แมลง) – 泰文" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ผีเสื้อ (แมลง)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paruparo" title="Paruparo – 塔加路族文" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Paruparo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="塔加路族文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhopalocera" title="Rhopalocera – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Rhopalocera" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AA%D9%84%DB%8C" title="تتلی – 烏都文" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تتلی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="烏都文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lepidoptera" title="Lepidoptera – 威尼斯文" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Lepidoptera" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bm_ng%C3%A0y" title="Bướm ngày – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bướm ngày" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlienders" title="Vlienders – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Vlienders" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A5wion" title="Påwion – 瓦隆文" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Påwion" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alibangbang" title="Alibangbang – 瓦瑞文" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Alibangbang" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" title="蝴蝶 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="蝴蝶" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9C" title="פלאטערל – 意第緒文" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פלאטערל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第緒文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbaj" title="Mbaj – 壯文" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Mbaj" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" title="蝴蝶 – 中文" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="蝴蝶" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94%CD%98-tia%CC%8Dp" title="Ô͘-tia̍p – 閩南語" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ô͘-tia̍p" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="閩南語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11946202#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="改跨語言拎" class="wbc-editpage">改拎</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="空間名"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" title="睇吓內容頁[c]" accesskey="c"><span>文章</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" rel="discussion" title="關於內容頁嘅討論[t]" accesskey="t"><span>討論</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="改語言變體" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">粵語</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="外觀"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6"><span>閱</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit" title="改呢版嘅代碼[e]" accesskey="e"><span>改</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=history" title="呢一頁之前嘅修訂[h]" accesskey="h"><span>睇返紀錄</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="架撐" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">架撐</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">架撐</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移去側欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">收埋</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="多啲選項" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 動作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6"><span>閱</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit" title="改呢版嘅代碼[e]" accesskey="e"><span>改</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=history"><span>睇返紀錄</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 基本 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%82%8A%E5%BA%A6%E9%8F%88%E5%8E%BB%E5%91%A2%E7%89%88/%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" title="列出所有連接過嚟呢度嘅頁面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>有乜連過嚟</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E5%A4%96%E9%8F%88%E4%BF%AE%E6%94%B9/%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" rel="nofollow" title="由呢版連出去嘅版嘅最近修改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>連結頁嘅更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project:上載" title="上載檔案[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上載檔案</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&oldid=2187443" title="呢版呢個修訂嘅永久網址"><span>固定連結</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=info" title="多啲同呢版有拏褦嘅資料"><span>此版明細</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8&page=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&id=2187443&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="點樣引用呢頁嘅資訊"><span>引用呢篇文</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E8%259D%25B4%25E8%259D%25B6"><span>攞短網址</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E8%259D%25B4%25E8%259D%25B6"><span>下載QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/匯出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=show-download-screen"><span>下載PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="呢一版印得嘅版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>印得嘅版本</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 第啲維基項目 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Butterfly" hreflang="en"><span>維基同享</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11946202" title="連到接住資料儲存庫嘅項目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>維基數據項</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="閱讀設定"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">閱讀設定</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移去側欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">收埋</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-featured-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%AD%A3%E6%96%87" title="呢篇係一篇正文。撳呢度睇吓更多嘅資料。"><img alt="呢篇係一篇正文。撳呢度睇吓更多嘅資料。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/20px-Cscr-featured.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/30px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Cscr-featured.svg/40px-Cscr-featured.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="443" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">出自維基百科，自由嘅百科全書</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="yue" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div role="note" class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%90%9E%E6%B8%85%E6%A5%9A" title="Wikipedia:搞清楚"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>  <small>想搵颱風嘅話，請睇<b><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%B1%E9%A2%A8%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="mw-disambig" title="颱風蝴蝶">颱風蝴蝶</a></b></small><small>。</small></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%90%9E%E6%B8%85%E6%A5%9A" title="Wikipedia:搞清楚"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>  「蝶」跳轉到呢度。想搵音樂劇，請睇「<b><a href="/wiki/%E8%9D%B6_(%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E5%8A%87)" title="蝶 (音樂劇)">蝶 (音樂劇)</a></b>」。</div> <table style="position:relative; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em; border-collapse: collapse; float:right; background:white; clear:right; width:230px;" border="1" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="background: gold;"><span style="position:relative; float:right; font-size:70%;"><figure class="mw-default-size noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span title="How to read a taxobox"><img alt="How to read a taxobox" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Information-silk.svg/16px-Information-silk.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Information-silk.svg/24px-Information-silk.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Information-silk.svg/32px-Information-silk.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" usemap="#ImageMap_54a47227670a9dfc" /></span><map name="ImageMap_54a47227670a9dfc"><area href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%BB%9E%E6%A8%A3%E7%9D%87%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E6%A1%86" shape="rect" coords="0,0,50,50" alt="Wikipedia:點樣睇生物分類框" title="Wikipedia:點樣睇生物分類框" /></map><figcaption>How to read a taxobox</figcaption></figure></span><b>蝴蝶</b> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Papilioxuthus.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="粵港澳地區幾常見嘅柑橘鳳蝶（Papilio xuthus）"><img alt="粵港澳地區幾常見嘅柑橘鳳蝶（Papilio xuthus）" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Papilioxuthus.JPG/300px-Papilioxuthus.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Papilioxuthus.JPG/450px-Papilioxuthus.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Papilioxuthus.JPG/600px-Papilioxuthus.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span><br /><small><div style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%B5%E6%B8%AF%E6%BE%B3" title="粵港澳">粵港澳</a>地區幾常見嘅<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%91%E6%A9%98%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6" title="柑橘鳳蝶">柑橘鳳蝶</a>（<i>Papilio xuthus</i>）</div></small> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="background: gold;"><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E" title="物種分類">物種分類</a></b> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td> <table style="margin:0 auto; text-align:left; background:white;" cellpadding="2"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td>界 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9%E7%95%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="動物界">動物界</a> Animalia<br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>門 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%80%E8%82%A2%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9%E9%96%80" class="mw-redirect" title="節肢動物門">節肢動物門</a> Arthropoda<br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>綱 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2%E7%B6%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="昆蟲綱">昆蟲綱</a> Insecta<br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>目 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%97%E7%BF%85%E7%9B%AE" title="鱗翅目">鱗翅目</a> Lepidoptera<br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>亞目 (Subordo): </td> <td><b>蝶亞目 <i>Rhopalocera</i></b><br /><small></small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="{<span style="> <th><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%9A%E6%A8%A3%E6%80%A7" title="生物多樣性">多樣性</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>7 個科<br />大約 18,500 種 </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="gold"> <th><center>科</center> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 0 .5em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="鳳蝶科">鳳蝶科</a> <i>Papilionidae</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%B2%E8%A7%92%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="絲角蝶科">絲角蝶科</a> <i>Hedylidae</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%84%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="弄蝶科">弄蝶科</a> <i>Hesperiidae</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%89%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="粉蝶科">粉蝶科</a> <i>Pieridae</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B0%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="灰蝶科">灰蝶科</a> <i>Lycaenidae</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%86%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="蜆蝶科">蜆蝶科</a> <i>Riodinidae</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%BA%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="蛺蝶科">蛺蝶科</a> <i>Nymphalidae</i></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>蝴蝶</b>（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%B2%B5%E6%96%87%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3" title="Wikipedia:粵文拼音">粵音</a>：wu4 dip6*2），<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%B5%E8%AA%9E" title="粵語">粵語</a>舊時叫佢哋<b><a href="/wiki/%F0%A7%8C%87%E4%96%A2" title="𧌇䖢">𧌇䖢</a></b>（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%B2%B5%E6%96%87%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3" title="Wikipedia:粵文拼音">粵音</a>：bang1 saa1），<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%B8%E5%90%8D" title="學名">學名</a>叫<b>真蝶總科</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，係一個<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%9B%AE" title="亞目">亞目</a>嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2" title="昆蟲">昆蟲</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。同第啲昆蟲一樣，蝴蝶屬<a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%80%E8%82%A2%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="節肢動物">節肢動物</a>－佢哋身體表面有一節節嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E9%AA%A8%E9%AA%BC" title="外骨骼">外骨骼</a>（節肢動物嘅特徵），成蟲嘅身體分做<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2#頭部" title="昆蟲">頭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2#胸部" title="昆蟲">胸</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2#腹部" title="昆蟲">肚腩</a>三橛（昆蟲嘅特徵）；蝴蝶興<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%9D%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="晝行動物">响日頭行動</a>，全部<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE" title="物種">物種</a>都識飛，兩對<a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%BC" title="翼">翼</a>就生咗喺個胸部嘅背脊嗰度，而蝴蝶嘅翼係佢哋同其他昆蟲比起上嚟最樣眼嘅特徵之一－蝴蝶嘅翼上面有<a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%97" title="鱗">鱗</a>，鱗會組成好多樣又鮮艷奪目嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E6%B0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="色水">色水</a>同斑紋<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。蝴蝶呢種樣眼特徵令到好多人都覺得佢哋好<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9A" title="靚">靚</a>，佢哋亦都因而好受<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93%E5%AE%B6" title="藝術家">藝術家</a>歡迎<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>蝴蝶係種行<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8C%E5%85%A8%E8%AE%8A%E6%85%8B" title="完全變態">完全變態</a>嘅昆蟲，即係話一隻蝴蝶一世蟲會經過<a href="/wiki/%E8%86%A5" title="膥">卵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BC%E8%9F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="幼蟲">幼蟲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%B9" title="蛹">蛹</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E8%9F%B2" title="成蟲">成蟲</a>四個階段：一隻大咗肚嘅蝴蝶<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B8" title="乸">乸</a>會喺啲<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="植物">植物</a>嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%89" title="葉">葉</a>上面<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%A2%E5%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="產卵">產卵</a>；跟手啲幼蟲（<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E8%9F%B2" title="毛蟲">毛蟲</a>）孵咗出嚟之後就會靠食嗰啲葉嚟維生，啲幼蟲生到咁上下就會<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E8%9B%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="結蛹">結蛹</a>；當<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%8A%E6%85%8B_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9)" title="變態 (生物)">變態</a>嘅過程完成咗之後，個蛹會爆開，隻成蟲（蝴蝶）就會由個蛹度捐出嚟；等兩對翼乾咗之後，佢就會飛去<a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%93%E9%A3%9F" title="覓食">搵嘢食</a>同搵伴侶<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%85%8D" title="交配">交配</a>；交配完咗之後，啲蝴蝶乸就會產卵；而無論<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC" title="公">公</a>定乸，蝴蝶通常喺交配嘅過程完咗之後冇耐就會死。佢哋嘅下一代跟住就會由頭噉經歷過呢個由生到死嘅過程<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。呢個過程做一次要幾耐，就要睇<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE" title="物種">物種</a>而定：<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99" title="熱帶氣候">熱帶</a>嗰頭啲蝴蝶物種，好多時一年閒閒哋生成兩三代咁多，而响凍啲地區嘅蝴蝶物種就好多時就要成幾年先至生到一代<sup id="cite_ref-garcia-barros_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-garcia-barros-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>喺<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="生物分類">生物分類</a>當中，蝴蝶係<a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%97%E7%BF%85%E7%9B%AE" title="鱗翅目">鱗翅目</a>入面<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6%E7%B8%BD%E7%A7%91" title="鳳蝶總科">鳳蝶總科</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>嘅一個<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="超科">總科</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E7%B3%BB%E7%BE%A4" title="單系群">單一</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%8C%96%E6%94%AF" title="進化支">進化支</a>（冚唪唥都由同一個<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE" title="物種">物種</a>進化出嚟嘅）<sup id="cite_ref-van2011_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-van2011-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，係<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E8%9B%BE" title="飛蛾">飛蛾</a>嘅近親。蝴蝶嘅下級分類一共有 7 個科，包含咗大約 18,500 個物種<sup id="cite_ref-w2015_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-w2015-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。呢啲多樣嘅物種係由遠古（5,600 萬年嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="古新世">古新世</a>）嘅一種飛蛾嗰度<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%8C%96" title="進化">進化</a>出嚟嘅<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分佈"><span id=".E5.88.86.E4.BD.88"></span>分佈</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=1" title="編輯小節: 分佈"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Male_2664px.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Male_2664px.jpg/300px-Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Male_2664px.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Male_2664px.jpg/450px-Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Male_2664px.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Male_2664px.jpg/600px-Monarch_Butterfly_Danaus_plexippus_Male_2664px.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2664" data-file-height="1998" /></a><figcaption>一隻典型嘅帝王斑蝶<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC" title="公">公</a></figcaption></figure> <div role="note" class="hatnote">睇埋：<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E7%8E%8B%E6%96%91%E8%9D%B6" title="帝王斑蝶">帝王斑蝶</a></div> <dl><dd>可參閱：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%A3%E6%9D%B1%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="廣東蝴蝶一覽 (無呢版)">廣東蝴蝶一覽</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%BD" title="香港蝴蝶一覽">香港</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="澳門蝴蝶一覽 (無呢版)">澳門</a></dd></dl> <p>蝴蝶分佈廣泛：除咗<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E6%B4%B2" title="南極洲">南極洲</a>之外，蝴蝶喺全世界嘅陸地都可以搵得到，<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%A2%83" class="mw-redirect" title="生境">生境</a>好廣；噉係因為佢哋嘅適應力好強，只要有佢哋賴以為生嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="植物">植物</a>嘅地方，蝴蝶都可以喺嗰度生存－呢啲植物包括咗蜜源植物同寄主植物，前者係指為蝴蝶<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E8%9F%B2" title="成蟲">成蟲</a>提供<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E8%9C%9C" title="花蜜">花蜜</a>嘅<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E8%8A%B1%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="開花植物">開花植物</a>，而後者就係俾啲<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BC%E8%9F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="幼蟲">幼蟲</a>食嘅植物<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；呢啲植物差唔多喺全世界每個角落－除咗南極洲－都會搵到，令到蝴蝶近乎無論去到<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>邊個角落都會有生存嘅空間<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>到咗廿一世紀為止，已知嘅蝴蝶物種總共有大約 18,500 種咁多<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。喺呢柞物種當中，有大約 775 種住喺<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8C%97%E7%95%8C" title="新北界">新北界</a>，大約 7,700 種住喺<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6%E7%95%8C" title="新熱帶界">新熱帶界</a>，大約 1,575 種住喺<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%8C%97%E7%95%8C" title="古北界">古北界</a>，大約 3,650 種住喺<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E7%95%8C" title="埃塞俄比亞界">埃塞俄比亞界</a>，而淨低嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%B4%8B%E7%95%8C" title="東洋界">東洋界</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E6%96%B0%E7%95%8C" title="澳新界">澳新界</a>加埋就有大約 4,800 種－<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%B8%B6" class="mw-disambig" title="熱帶">熱帶</a>地區嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%9A%E6%A8%A3%E6%80%A7" title="生物多樣性">物種多樣性</a>最高，雖然喺<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%B8%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="溫帶">溫帶</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E5%B8%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="寒帶">寒帶</a>地區都有唔少嘅蝴蝶物種<sup id="cite_ref-w2015_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-w2015-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。目前世界已知最大隻嘅蝴蝶係<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%E9%B3%A5%E7%BF%BC%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6" title="亞歷山大鳥翼鳳蝶">亞歷山大鳥翼鳳蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，佢展開兩對翼總共有成 280 毫米咁闊<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；最細隻嘅蝴蝶係<a href="/wiki/%E8%A4%90%E5%B0%8F%E7%81%B0%E8%9D%B6" title="褐小灰蝶">褐小灰蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，得嗰 16 毫米咁大<sup id="cite_ref-butt_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-butt-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>如果淨係考慮<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="大中華地區">大中華地區</a>嘅話，紀錄顯示，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8" title="中國大陸">中國大陸</a>有大約 2,100 種蝴蝶，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣">台灣</a>大約有 370 種，而<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a>就有大約 260 種－雖然香港嘅陸地<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%A2%E7%A9%8D" title="面積">面積</a>只係<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="中華人民共和國">中國</a>嘅萬分之一，但係香港有嘅已知蝴蝶物種佔咗全國嘅超過百分之十，所以香港俾好多人覺得係一個<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E8%9D%B6" title="觀蝶">觀蝶</a>嘅好地方<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>蝴蝶物種當中分佈得最廣嘅要數<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E7%8E%8B%E6%96%91%E8%9D%B6" title="帝王斑蝶">帝王斑蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。佢哋本嚟係嚟自<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="美洲">美洲</a>嘅，但响 19 世紀或打前，佢哋以某啲方式散佈到去全世界，家吓喺<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E6%B4%B2" title="澳洲">澳洲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E8%A5%BF%E8%98%AD" title="紐西蘭">紐西蘭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B4%8B%E6%B4%B2" title="大洋洲">大洋洲</a>其他地方同埋<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="伊比利亞半島">伊比利亞半島</a>－有佢哋需要嗰啲植物嘅地方－都搵得到佢哋嘅蹤跡<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。到咗家陣，<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6" title="科學家">科學家</a>都仲係唔係好知佢哋係點樣散佈到去全世界嘅，有個<a href="/wiki/%E5%81%87%E8%AA%AA" title="假說">假說</a>係，可能係因為啲成蟲嘅蝴蝶俾<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A8" title="風">風</a>吹咗去第度，又有人話係因為啲<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E6%B5%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="航海">航海</a>嘅人類唔覺意帶咗啲幼蟲同蛹上<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%B9" title="船">船</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="形態"><span id=".E5.BD.A2.E6.85.8B"></span>形態</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=2" title="編輯小節: 形態"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote">睇埋：<a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%97%E7%BF%85%E7%9B%AE" title="鱗翅目">鱗翅目</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Butterfly_parts-zh-hk.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="一隻典型蝴蝶嘅身體構造圖；蝴蝶嘅口器好似一條飲管噉嘅樣，唔用嗰陣就卷埋。"><img alt="一隻典型蝴蝶嘅身體構造圖；蝴蝶嘅口器好似一條飲管噉嘅樣，唔用嗰陣就卷埋。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Butterfly_parts-zh-hk.JPG/450px-Butterfly_parts-zh-hk.JPG" decoding="async" width="450" height="388" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Butterfly_parts-zh-hk.JPG/675px-Butterfly_parts-zh-hk.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Butterfly_parts-zh-hk.JPG/900px-Butterfly_parts-zh-hk.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1103" /></a><figcaption>一隻典型蝴蝶嘅身體構造圖；蝴蝶嘅口器好似一條飲管噉嘅樣，唔用嗰陣就卷埋。</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="頭"><span id=".E9.A0.AD"></span>頭</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=3" title="編輯小節: 頭"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>蝴蝶嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2#頭部" title="昆蟲">頭部</a>嘅左右兩邊各有一隻好發達嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%A4%87%E7%9C%BC" title="複眼">複眼</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，每一隻複眼由好多隻細眼組成，有好多個物種嘅蝴蝶喺呢啲細眼中間嘅空間生咗啲細毛喺度，所以一隻蝴蝶嘅複眼係咪有毛同埋佢啲毛嘅形態可以用嚟將佢分類。對複眼大到霸咗差唔多成半個頭嘅空間去，令到蝴蝶喺<a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E8%A6%BA" title="視覺">視覺</a>上睇得到好廣<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E5%BA%A6" title="角度">角度</a>。蝴蝶視力唔算勁，睇唔到遠嘢，但曉辨別多種<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E6%B0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="色水">色水</a>，尤其係<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8D" title="藍">藍</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB" title="紫">紫</a>嗰頭嘅色<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，夠嗮俾蝴蝶按照色水同<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E7%8B%80" title="形狀">形狀</a>分辨唔同種嘅花<sup id="cite_ref-culin_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-culin-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>蝴蝶個頭後面有一對又細又長，生咗好多<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E5%AE%98" title="感官">感官</a>嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%B8%E8%A7%92" class="mw-redirect" title="觸角">觸角</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。一條蝴蝶嘅觸角喺外觀上分到做好多個細節，但係呢啲細節入面冇曉獨立運作嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%8C%E8%82%89" title="肌肉">肌肉</a>連住，觸角最尾嗰度脹大嗰部份叫做<b>錘部</b><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，錘部係圓柱形或者撳扁咗噉嘅形狀嘅。呢點亦都係蝴蝶同<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E8%9B%BE" title="飛蛾">飛蛾</a>喺外形上最樣眼嘅差異：飛蛾嘅觸角係好似<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%BD%E6%AF%9B" title="羽毛">羽毛</a>噉嘅形狀，兼且最尾嗰度冇脹大嘅<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。錘部當中，最尾嗰橛叫<b>尖頂</b>，喺個尖頂嗰度有啲<a href="/wiki/%E5%97%85%E8%A6%BA" title="嗅覺">嗅覺</a>器官，幫到隻蝴蝶聞嘢，喺<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%84%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="弄蝶科">弄蝶科</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>之間零舍發達<sup id="cite_ref-culin_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-culin-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。蝴蝶啲觸角差唔多成條嘅表面都俾<a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%97%E7%89%87" class="mw-redirect" title="鱗片">鱗片</a>𢫏實，但喺尾端有啲裸露嘅部分，叫做<b>裸節</b><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Antennae_ctb.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Antennae_ctb.png/480px-Antennae_ctb.png" decoding="async" width="480" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Antennae_ctb.png 1.5x" data-file-width="594" data-file-height="303" /></a><figcaption><center>蝴蝶嘅觸角有好多種唔同款。</center></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Australian_painted_lady_feeding_closeup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Australian_painted_lady_feeding_closeup.jpg/240px-Australian_painted_lady_feeding_closeup.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="360" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Australian_painted_lady_feeding_closeup.jpg/360px-Australian_painted_lady_feeding_closeup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Australian_painted_lady_feeding_closeup.jpg/480px-Australian_painted_lady_feeding_closeup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>一隻<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%B7%E6%92%92%E7%B4%85%E8%9B%BA%E8%9D%B6" title="愷撒紅蛺蝶">愷撒紅蛺蝶</a>伸長咗佢個口器嚟飲花蜜。</figcaption></figure> <p>蝴蝶嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2%E5%8F%A3%E5%99%A8" title="昆蟲口器">口器</a><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>生喺對眼落少少啲嘅地方。通過<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%8C%96" title="進化">進化</a>嘅過程，蝴蝶嘅口器高度噉<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%88%86%E5%8C%96" title="細胞分化">特化</a>咗，現代蝴蝶嘅口器好多時得返<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E9%A1%8E%E9%AA%A8" title="上顎骨">上顎</a>嘅部份，<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2%E4%B8%8B%E9%A1%8E" title="昆蟲下顎">下顎</a>喺好多物種入面經已進化到唔見咗。上顎嘅第一橛變長咗，形成咗好似<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%B2%E7%AE%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="飲管">飲管</a>噉嘅形狀嘅結構，令到隻蝴蝶曉得吸一啲<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94" title="流體">流體</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%98%A2%E9%A3%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="嘢食">嘢食</a>－睇物種同<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="性別">性別</a>，蝴蝶有啲會食<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E8%9C%9C" title="花蜜">花蜜</a>，有啲興食<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%90%E7%88%9B" title="腐爛">腐爛</a>嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%9E%9C" title="生果">生果</a>，又有啲會食大啲嘅動物嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E6%B3%84%E7%89%A9" title="排泄物">排泄物</a>，而且通常無論係邊個物種，蝴蝶多數都會由<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%BA%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="小溪">小溪</a>或者水氹等嘅地方飲<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>。呢個飲管狀嘅結構喺唔用嗰陣時一般都係巻埋嘅。蝴蝶嘅上顎嘅第一橛同第二橛有一啲<b>味觸</b><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，上面有<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%B3%E8%A6%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="味覺">味覺</a>器官，等隻蝴蝶可以知道自己食緊啲乜嘢味嘅嘢<sup id="cite_ref-gullan2014_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gullan2014-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。除此之外，蝴蝶當中有一啲物種個口器係細咗甚至乎冇咗嘅－呢啲物種好多時都係一啲由個蛹出咗嚟之後就唔食嘢，快快搵到伴侶交配就死嘅<sup id="cite_ref-culin_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-culin-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="胸"><span id=".E8.83.B8"></span>胸</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=4" title="編輯小節: 胸"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>蝴蝶個<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2#胸部" title="昆蟲">胸部</a><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>完全用咗嚟做<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E5%8B%95%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="移動運動">移動運動</a>（指<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="動物">動物</a>喺<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93" title="空間">空間</a>當中嘅<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%81%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="郁動">郁動</a>，好似係<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="跑">跑</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E6%B0%B4" title="游水">游水</a>呀噉）－蝴蝶啲髀同翼都係生咗喺個胸部嗰度嘅，而髀同翼就掌控咗隻蝴蝶喺空間入面嘅各種郁動。蝴蝶個胸部由 3 截組成－前胸、中胸同埋後胸：前胸窄細，兩面生咗啲<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E9%96%80" title="氣門">氣孔</a><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>喺度幫隻蝴蝶<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%9E%E6%B0%A3" title="唞氣">唞氣</a>，而佢背脊就有膜質嘅構造，叫「<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="背翼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Patagium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%8C%E7%BF%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="背翼 (無呢版)">背翼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patagium" class="extiw" title="en:Patagium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Patagium</span></a></span>）</span></span>」。蝴蝶個胸部每截各有一對（兩隻）<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%80" title="髀">髀</a>，所以同其他昆蟲一樣，總共有 6 隻髀，而喺某啲物種入面，頭嗰兩隻髀變細咗，搞到隻蝴蝶要用 4 隻腳行路<sup id="cite_ref-s1977_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s1977-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>蝴蝶嗰兩對（4 隻）翼生喺個中胸同後胸嗰度。中胸嗰對前翼嘅根基有啲骨片（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="肩板" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Tegula (insect anatomy)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%A9%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肩板 (無呢版)">肩板</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tegula_(insect_anatomy)" class="extiw" title="en:Tegula (insect anatomy)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tegula (insect anatomy)</span></a></span>）</span></span>）保護對翼基嗰個<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%9C%E7%AF%80" class="mw-redirect" title="關節">關節</a>，而對翼個邊邊嗰度仲有又大條又硬淨嘅<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9C%E8%84%88" title="靜脈">靜脈</a>，令到對翼可以直啲冇咁易拗彎；後胸嗰對後翼大致上一樣，但就細啲、圓啲同少啲硬淨靜脈<sup id="cite_ref-t2005_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-t2005-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。蝴蝶對前翼同後翼唔似得飛蛾嘅噉有鉤連埋一齊，係靠啲翼郁嗰陣嘅互相<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%93%A6%E5%8A%9B" title="摩擦力">摩擦</a>嚟到協調嘅<sup id="cite_ref-culin_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-culin-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="腹"><span id=".E8.85.B9"></span>腹</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=5" title="編輯小節: 腹"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>蝴蝶個<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2#腹部" title="昆蟲">腹部</a><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>係身體最落嗰部份，裏面包含咗用嚟<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E5%8C%96" title="消化">消化</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E6%B3%84" class="mw-redirect" title="排泄">排泄</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%81%E6%AE%96" class="mw-redirect" title="繁殖">繁殖</a>嘅器官。個腹部由 10 截組成，每截都由<a href="/wiki/%E9%AA%A8%E5%8C%96" title="骨化">骨化</a>程度高啲嘅一塊<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="背板" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Tergum"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%8C%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="背板 (無呢版)">背板</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tergum" class="extiw" title="en:Tergum"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tergum</span></a></span>）</span></span>同腹板，再加埋兩邊各一塊骨化程度低啲嘅<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="側板" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Pleuron (insect anatomy)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%B4%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="側板 (無呢版)">側板</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleuron_(insect_anatomy)" class="extiw" title="en:Pleuron (insect anatomy)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pleuron (insect anatomy)</span></a></span>）</span></span>構成。個腹部頭嗰 8 截有氣孔幫手唞氣，而最尾嗰截因為要用嚟繁殖所以有啲唔同樣－啲公嘅喺<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%85%8D" title="交配">交配</a>嗰陣會由呢截嗰度伸條嘢出嚟，插入去隻乸嘅<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B0%E9%81%93" title="陰道">陰道</a>嗰處，呢條嘢跟手就會擺啲<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E5%8C%85" title="精包">精包</a><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>落隻乸嘅體內，然後啲<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="精子">精子</a>就會一路就噉由個精包游去隻乸身體更深處嘅地方，俾隻乸儲起嚟用。唔同物種嘅蝴蝶嘅性器個款都唔同，防止唔同種嘅蝴蝶交配<sup id="cite_ref-woodbury199422_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-woodbury199422-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="翼"><span id=".E7.BF.BC"></span>翼</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=6" title="編輯小節: 翼"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Greta_oto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Greta_oto.jpg/240px-Greta_oto.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Greta_oto.jpg/360px-Greta_oto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Greta_oto.jpg/480px-Greta_oto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3393" data-file-height="3313" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%AC%E7%B4%8B%E9%BB%91%E8%84%88%E7%B6%83%E8%9D%B6" title="寬紋黑脈綃蝶">寬紋黑脈綃蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>嘅翼嘅其中一啲翼室冇鱗片，變咗透明，但係仲睇到啲黑色嘅翼脈。</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Inachis_io_top_detail_MichaD_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Inachis_io_top_detail_MichaD_crop.jpg/240px-Inachis_io_top_detail_MichaD_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Inachis_io_top_detail_MichaD_crop.jpg/360px-Inachis_io_top_detail_MichaD_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Inachis_io_top_detail_MichaD_crop.jpg/480px-Inachis_io_top_detail_MichaD_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1516" data-file-height="1393" /></a><figcaption>蝴蝶翼上面嘅色水同斑紋係由一塊塊嘅鱗片組成嘅。</figcaption></figure> <p>蝴蝶嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%BC" title="翼">翼</a>係佢哋身上最引人注目嘅特徵。佢哋啲翼構造獨特，<b>前翼</b><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>個形狀好近<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92%E5%BD%A2" title="三角形">三角形</a>，而<b>後翼</b><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>就似<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%87" title="扇">扇</a>噉嘅形狀。翼嘅每條邊同角都有個名：兩對翼前面條邊叫<b>前緣</b>，後面條邊叫<b>後緣</b>，同身體（胸部）相接嗰處就叫<b>翼基</b>，而離身體遠嗰條邊就叫<b>外緣</b>；前緣同外緣相接嗰個角叫做<b>翼頂</b>，而後緣同外緣相接嗰個角叫<b>臀角</b><sup id="cite_ref-mason1927_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mason1927-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-vukusic2000_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vukusic2000-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。呢兩對翼能夠以多種<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%A3%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" title="空氣動力學">空氣動力學</a>機制產生<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%87%E5%8A%9B" title="升力">升力</a>，令蝴蝶飛起<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>蝴蝶嘅翼呈膜質，有骨化咗嘅靜脈做支架，分別有 6 組縱脈，由前至後分別係 </p> <ul><li>前緣脈（C）、</li> <li>亞前緣脈（Sc）、</li> <li>脛脈（R）、</li> <li>中脈（M）、</li> <li>肘脈（Cu）同埋</li> <li>臀脈（A）。</li></ul> <p>蝴蝶嘅前緣脈喺進化嘅過程當中減退咗，只係喺活體嘅前翼前緣嗰度模糊噉存在，而喺乾燥嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%9C%AC" title="標本">標本</a>上面會完全冇咗。肘脈有得分做前肘脈（CuA）同後肘脈（CuP）。<b>翼室</b>就係翼脈之間嗰啲空間。喺<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="昆蟲學">昆蟲學</a>上，每個翼室都有個名，改乜名係由佢前面嗰條翼脈話事嘅，例如 M<sub>1</sub> 脈後面嘅翼室就係「M<sub>1</sub> 室」<sup id="cite_ref-vukusic2000_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vukusic2000-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>下圖係 2011 年一隻<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E5%9E%8B%E8%97%8D%E9%96%83%E8%9D%B6" title="巨型藍閃蝶">巨型藍閃蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>嘅標本。巨型藍閃蝶屬於<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%83%E8%9D%B6" title="閃蝶">閃蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，閃蝶呢個屬嘅蝴蝶出嗮名係有好多物種都呈藍或者綠噉色而且啲翼有好似金屬噉閃呤呤嘅光澤，而呢種光澤源於佢哋嘅翼有特殊構造，令射落佢哋度嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89" title="光">光</a>出現干涉現象<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Morpho_didius_Male_Dos_MHNT.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Morpho_didius_Male_Dos_MHNT.jpg/450px-Morpho_didius_Male_Dos_MHNT.jpg" decoding="async" width="450" height="335" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Morpho_didius_Male_Dos_MHNT.jpg/675px-Morpho_didius_Male_Dos_MHNT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Morpho_didius_Male_Dos_MHNT.jpg/900px-Morpho_didius_Male_Dos_MHNT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5410" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="鱗片"><span id=".E9.B1.97.E7.89.87"></span>鱗片</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=7" title="編輯小節: 鱗片"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote">睇埋：<a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%97%E7%89%87" class="mw-redirect" title="鱗片">鱗片</a></div> <p>蝴蝶嘅翼上面佈滿咗一塊塊嘅<a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%97%E7%89%87" class="mw-redirect" title="鱗片">鱗片</a>，呈覆瓦狀噉排列。鱗片嘅根基有條柄仔，藉住噉嚟依附喺翼膜嗰啲細微嘅窿窿上面。鱗片壁同埋啲窿窿當中包含咗好多嘢，例如係喺仲係幼蟲嗰陣由寄主植物攞到嘅成分、成年蝴蝶自己<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%AC%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="代謝">代謝</a>嘅產物、或者係代謝廢物等嘅嘢，呢啲嘢令到對翼有好豐富嘅色水，就係所謂嘅「化學色」或者「色素色」。某啲蝴蝶物種嘅鱗片上面仲有一啲特化嘅結構，可以令射落佢哋度嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="光線">光線</a>有<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B2%E6%B6%89" title="干涉">干涉</a>等嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%B8" title="光學">光學</a>效應，並且形成<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="金屬">金屬</a>光澤－當中有啲甚至係<a href="/wiki/%E8%9E%A2%E5%85%89" class="mw-redirect" title="螢光">螢光</a>－噉嘅效果<sup id="cite_ref-mason1927_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mason1927-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>好多蝴蝶<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC" title="公">公</a>同埋一部份嘅蝴蝶<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B8" title="乸">乸</a>喺佢哋啲翼嗰度生咗一啲叫做<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="香鱗" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="External_morphology_of_Lepidoptera#Androconia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%99%E9%B1%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="香鱗 (無呢版)">香鱗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_morphology_of_Lepidoptera#Androconia" class="extiw" title="en:External morphology of Lepidoptera"><span lang="en" dir="auto">External_morphology_of_Lepidoptera#Androconia</span></a></span>）</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>嘅特化鱗片，香鱗曉釋放一啲<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E6%B4%9B%E8%92%99" title="費洛蒙">費洛蒙</a>，並且向同類傳送一啲<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%8A%E6%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="訊息">訊息</a>，例如係叫啲異性同類過嚟交配噉。喺有香鱗嘅蝴蝶物種當中，有啲物種嘅香鱗散佈喺成隻翼嘅表面，有啲聚成一塊塊形成所謂嘅「性標」，又有啲生喺特化咗嘅袋狀構造入面<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="翼多型性"><span id=".E7.BF.BC.E5.A4.9A.E5.9E.8B.E6.80.A7"></span>翼多型性</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=8" title="編輯小節: 翼多型性"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote">睇埋：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%9E%8B%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="多型性">多型性</a></div> <p>當同一個物種嘅蝴蝶有兩種或者以上嘅款，嗰個物種就為止有<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%9E%8B%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="多型性">多型性</a><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。同個體差異唔同，多型性所涉及嘅型態差異比較大，大到望落似唔同物種，而且各個型態亦都穩定噉樣出現。多型性包括咗<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E6%80%A7%E7%95%B0%E5%BD%A2" title="兩性異形">兩性異形</a>－即係同一個物種嘅公同乸唔同到就噉睇似兩個唔同物種－等嘅型式<sup id="cite_ref-traut1997_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-traut1997-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>兩性異形嘅蝴蝶物種仲有啲會有<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E4%B9%B8%E5%90%8C%E9%AB%94" title="公乸同體">公乸同體</a><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>嘅現象－噉講即係話喺呢啲物種入面，公同乸個款明顯唔同。有陣時會有啲公乸同體嘅個體，呢啲個體會有齊兩個性別嘅性器官，而且左右嘅翼嘅花紋甚至形狀都唔同，一邊似公一邊似乸<sup id="cite_ref-traut1997_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-traut1997-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 275px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anthocharis_cardamines_Weinsberg_20080424.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="一隻公嘅紅襟粉蝶[歐 25]"><img alt="一隻公嘅紅襟粉蝶[歐 25]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Anthocharis_cardamines_Weinsberg_20080424.jpg/180px-Anthocharis_cardamines_Weinsberg_20080424.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Anthocharis_cardamines_Weinsberg_20080424.jpg/270px-Anthocharis_cardamines_Weinsberg_20080424.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Anthocharis_cardamines_Weinsberg_20080424.jpg/360px-Anthocharis_cardamines_Weinsberg_20080424.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1667" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">一隻公嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E8%A5%9F%E7%B2%89%E8%9D%B6" title="紅襟粉蝶">紅襟粉蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 275px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Anthocharis_cardamines_female_(5709794696).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="乸嘅紅襟粉蝶；公同乸嘅紅襟粉蝶斑紋唔同款。唔係蝴蝶專家嘅人睇到可能以為佢哋唔同物種。"><img alt="乸嘅紅襟粉蝶；公同乸嘅紅襟粉蝶斑紋唔同款。唔係蝴蝶專家嘅人睇到可能以為佢哋唔同物種。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Anthocharis_cardamines_female_%285709794696%29.jpg/182px-Anthocharis_cardamines_female_%285709794696%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="182" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Anthocharis_cardamines_female_%285709794696%29.jpg/272px-Anthocharis_cardamines_female_%285709794696%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Anthocharis_cardamines_female_%285709794696%29.jpg/363px-Anthocharis_cardamines_female_%285709794696%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4038" data-file-height="2673" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">乸嘅紅襟粉蝶；公同乸嘅紅襟粉蝶斑紋唔同款。唔係蝴蝶專家嘅人睇到可能以為佢哋唔同物種。</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 275px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Morpho_didius_gynandromorphe_GLAM_mus%C3%A9um_Lille_2016.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="一隻公乸同體嘅大藍閃蝶；佢兩邊嘅翼唔同款－一邊似公一邊似乸。"><img alt="一隻公乸同體嘅大藍閃蝶；佢兩邊嘅翼唔同款－一邊似公一邊似乸。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Morpho_didius_gynandromorphe_GLAM_mus%C3%A9um_Lille_2016.JPG/147px-Morpho_didius_gynandromorphe_GLAM_mus%C3%A9um_Lille_2016.JPG" decoding="async" width="147" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Morpho_didius_gynandromorphe_GLAM_mus%C3%A9um_Lille_2016.JPG/220px-Morpho_didius_gynandromorphe_GLAM_mus%C3%A9um_Lille_2016.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Morpho_didius_gynandromorphe_GLAM_mus%C3%A9um_Lille_2016.JPG/294px-Morpho_didius_gynandromorphe_GLAM_mus%C3%A9um_Lille_2016.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1714" data-file-height="1401" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">一隻公乸同體嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8D%E9%96%83%E8%9D%B6" title="大藍閃蝶">大藍閃蝶</a>；佢兩邊嘅翼唔同款－一邊似公一邊似乸。</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="細個個樣"><span id=".E7.B4.B0.E5.80.8B.E5.80.8B.E6.A8.A3"></span>細個個樣</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=9" title="編輯小節: 細個個樣"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Papilionidae_-_Papilio_machaon-2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Papilionidae_-_Papilio_machaon-2.JPG/300px-Papilionidae_-_Papilio_machaon-2.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Papilionidae_-_Papilio_machaon-2.JPG/450px-Papilionidae_-_Papilio_machaon-2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Papilionidae_-_Papilio_machaon-2.JPG/600px-Papilionidae_-_Papilio_machaon-2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6" title="金鳳蝶">金鳳蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>嘅毛蟲</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="毛蟲"><span id=".E6.AF.9B.E8.9F.B2"></span>毛蟲</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=10" title="編輯小節: 毛蟲"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote">睇埋：<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E8%9F%B2" title="毛蟲">毛蟲</a></div> <p>蝴蝶嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BC%E8%9F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="幼蟲">幼蟲</a>就係<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E8%9F%B2" title="毛蟲">毛蟲</a><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。毛蟲身體有以下特徵： </p> <ul><li>毛蟲身體通常係呈圓筒噉嘅形狀嘅。啱啱孵出嚟嘅一齡幼蟲身體表面會生咗啲有住特定形態同數量嘅啱啱毛，叫做一次<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="刺毛" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Seta"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%BA%E6%AF%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="刺毛 (無呢版)">刺毛</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seta" class="extiw" title="en:Seta"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Seta</span></a></span>）</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。一次刺毛對分類同進化嘅研究好有用。打後，條毛蟲每蛻一次皮就算係增加一<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%A1" title="齡">齡</a><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，而且佢身體表面仲會生啲變化多端兼唔定數量嘅二次刺毛出嚟。幼蟲期會維持一段時間，一般等到條毛蟲去到 4 至 5 齡左右嗰陣時就會<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E8%9B%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="結蛹">結蛹</a>，但都有啲物種會去到成 12 齡先至結蛹<sup id="cite_ref-gullan2014_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gullan2014-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>毛蟲嘅頭有多種適應性嘅構造：毛蟲嘅頭骨化程度高；觸角短，<a href="/wiki/%E7%B0%A1%E7%9C%BC" title="簡眼">簡眼</a>；生咗啲感覺毛喺度，嚟去感覺掂到嘅嘢；個頭下低啲嘅部份有一個咀嚼式嘅口器，用嚟咬植物嘅葉等等嘅嘢食；個頭嘅兩邊各有幾隻可以用嚟感光嘅側單眼。一條毛蟲個頭部嗰度仲有條縫線，喺結蛹嗰陣時，條毛蟲個頭會沿住條縫線裂開，等個蛹體可以出到嚟<sup id="cite_ref-gullan2014_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gullan2014-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>再落少少，毛蟲個胸部有三對<b>真髀</b><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。佢哋腹部分到做 10 橛，喺第 3、4、5、6 同第 10 橛嗰度有<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="原足" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Proleg"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%9F%E8%B6%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="原足 (無呢版)">原足</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proleg" class="extiw" title="en:Proleg"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Proleg</span></a></span>）</span></span>。啲原足上面有成列嘅鉤仔（原足鉤<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；可以俾條毛蟲用嚟攀附喺佢吐絲形成嘅絲墊或者其他物體上面<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。一條毛蟲嘅前胸同腹部嘅第 1 至 8 橛各有一對用嚟唞氣嘅氣孔。同個頭比起上嚟，毛蟲嘅身軀骨化程度低啲，而且呈膜質，冇咁硬淨。得前胸硬皮板－一次刺毛嘅根基嗰度嘅小硬板前胸嘅背面－同埋肛上板骨化咗。年紀大少少嘅毛蟲背脊會有對發育緊嘅翼<sup id="cite_ref-gullan2014_41-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gullan2014-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="蛹"><span id=".E8.9B.B9"></span>蛹</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=11" title="編輯小節: 蛹"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote">睇埋：<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%B9" title="蛹">蛹</a></div> <p>蝴蝶係一種<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8C%E5%85%A8%E8%AE%8A%E6%85%8B" title="完全變態">完全變態</a>嘅昆蟲，即係話毛蟲會變成<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%B9" title="蛹">蛹</a><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，然後先再變做<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E8%9F%B2" title="成蟲">成蟲</a><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。喺一個典型嘅蝴蝶蛹身上，啲肢體同埋翼會緊貼住個身體，身體嘅表面會喺唔同嘅位置生咗啲刺毛喺度。隻成蟲嘅好多身體部份都可以由個蛹身上睇得到個形：頭部嘅複眼、觸角、同埋口器等嘅部分個形都已經有少少出咗嚟；胸部嘅各節喺個蛹身上都會睇得到，多數都係以個中胸最明顯；前翼喺個蛹嘅身體個腹嘅側邊，而後翼就大部分或者完全俾對前翼遮住；前腳同中腳會見到；中胸嘅氣孔會喺個蛹嘅背脊嗰度；10 截腹都會喺個蛹身上出現，但係最後嗰 3 截唔可以郁，而其他嗰幾截郁唔郁得睇物種而定；腹嘅第 1 至 8 腹截會有氣孔，但係第 1 截嘅氣孔會因為俾翼遮住而睇唔到，第 8 截嘅氣孔就冇咗個功能而冇開口；交尾器嘅痕喺蝴蝶公嘅腹嘅第 9 截，而蝴蝶乸嘅就係喺腹嘅第 8 同 9 截，交尾器嘅痕跡呈圓形或者線形；肛門痕喺腹嘅第 10 截，形狀呈圓形或者線形<sup id="cite_ref-gullan2014_41-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gullan2014-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>一隻蝴蝶蛹主要有兩種方法依附喺啲嘢上面：一係就頭下尾上噉用個垂懸器吊喺啲嘢（通常係植物）嗰度，一係就個胸部有啲絲帶噉嘅結構綁喺啲嘢度，又有啲物種兩種方法都會用。喺前者嗰種情況入面，隻蛹個腹嘅第 10 截特化咗，伸長變做好似垂懸器噉嘅構造，有鉤狀嘅刺毛生咗喺上面，等隻蛹可以吊喺啲嘢上面<sup id="cite_ref-gullan2014_41-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gullan2014-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>蛹嘅樣變化萬端。有好多物種嘅蛹會有<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%A0" title="綠">綠</a>或者<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%A1%E8%89%B2" title="啡色">啡</a>呢啲暗淡得嚟又似植物嘅色水，等隻蛹可以扮係啲植物嘅一部份嚟到避開啲<a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%B5%E9%A3%9F%E8%80%85" class="mw-redirect" title="獵食者">獵食者</a>；另一方面，又有啲蛹色水好鮮艷得嚟有<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%92" title="毒">毒</a>，呢點令到啲獵食者食咗佢哋一次唔舒服之後就實會記得下次唔食佢哋啲同類<sup id="cite_ref-gullan2014_41-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gullan2014-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2020_01_11_Dysgonia_algira_Puppe3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/2020_01_11_Dysgonia_algira_Puppe3.jpg/510px-2020_01_11_Dysgonia_algira_Puppe3.jpg" decoding="async" width="510" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/2020_01_11_Dysgonia_algira_Puppe3.jpg/765px-2020_01_11_Dysgonia_algira_Puppe3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/2020_01_11_Dysgonia_algira_Puppe3.jpg/1020px-2020_01_11_Dysgonia_algira_Puppe3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1327" data-file-height="737" /></a><figcaption><center>一隻蝴蝶嘅蛹</center></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生命歷程"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.91.BD.E6.AD.B7.E7.A8.8B"></span>生命歷程</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=12" title="編輯小節: 生命歷程"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Butterfly_laying_eggs_underneath_a_leaf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Butterfly_laying_eggs_underneath_a_leaf.jpg/300px-Butterfly_laying_eggs_underneath_a_leaf.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Butterfly_laying_eggs_underneath_a_leaf.jpg/450px-Butterfly_laying_eggs_underneath_a_leaf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Butterfly_laying_eggs_underneath_a_leaf.jpg/600px-Butterfly_laying_eggs_underneath_a_leaf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>一隻蝴蝶乸喺塊葉下面產緊卵。</figcaption></figure> <div role="note" class="hatnote">睇埋：<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8C%E5%85%A8%E8%AE%8A%E6%85%8B" title="完全變態">完全變態</a></div> <p>蝴蝶係<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8C%E5%85%A8%E8%AE%8A%E6%85%8B" title="完全變態">完全變態</a><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>嘅昆蟲。一隻蝴蝶一世蟲會經過<a href="/wiki/%E8%86%A5" title="膥">卵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BC%E8%9F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="幼蟲">幼蟲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%B9" title="蛹">蛹</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E8%9F%B2" title="成蟲">成蟲</a>四個階段。喺佢生命嘅每個階段，佢嘅身體都會特化嚟做喺嗰個階段最需要嘅功能：幼蟲有發達嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E5%8C%96%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="消化系統">消化系統</a>，等佢可以係噉食嘢嚟儲起啲能量，令到佢結咗蛹嗰陣時有得連續成幾個月都唔食嘢並且過冬，打後嘅成蟲生咗翼同埋成熟嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%AE%96%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="生殖系統">生殖系統</a>，能夠有效噉搵伴侶並且<a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%81%E6%AE%96" class="mw-redirect" title="繁殖">繁殖</a>下一代。由<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%AB%B6%E5%A4%A9%E6%93%87" title="物競天擇">物競天擇</a>嘅角度睇，呢種生存方式喺好多方面都有相當犀利嘅<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%8C%96%E9%81%A9%E6%87%89%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="進化適應性">進化適應性</a>，例如係幼蟲同成蟲食嘅嘢唔同，唔會爭嘢食，減少咗一個物種內部嘅競爭<sup id="cite_ref-capinera2008_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capinera2008-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>睇嗮成個生命史嘅話，蝴蝶嘅壽命一般有一至四個月，但<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99" title="氣候">氣候</a>同物種會影響蝴蝶嘅壽命。喺啲又暖又食物充足嘅時間同地方，啲蝴蝶可以生得好快，壽命會短啲，反之亦然。一般嚟講，多數蝴蝶物種嘅成蟲都係得嗰一到兩個月命左右，不過以成蟲嘅型態嚟過冬嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%91%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="斑蝶科">斑蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>嘅成蟲可以有成幾個月咁長命<sup id="cite_ref-powell1987_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-powell1987-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2012-06-27_Aporia_crataegi_eggs_Malus_domestica.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/2012-06-27_Aporia_crataegi_eggs_Malus_domestica.JPG/240px-2012-06-27_Aporia_crataegi_eggs_Malus_domestica.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/2012-06-27_Aporia_crataegi_eggs_Malus_domestica.JPG/360px-2012-06-27_Aporia_crataegi_eggs_Malus_domestica.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/2012-06-27_Aporia_crataegi_eggs_Malus_domestica.JPG/480px-2012-06-27_Aporia_crataegi_eggs_Malus_domestica.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%B9%E7%B2%89%E8%9D%B6" title="絹粉蝶">絹粉蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>嘅卵</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="卵"><span id=".E5.8D.B5"></span>卵</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=13" title="編輯小節: 卵"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>蝴蝶嘅卵有獨特嘅構造幫到佢哋生存。蝴蝶嘅卵外層有一浸硬嘅殼保護住。呢個殼上面又有一浸薄薄地嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%A0%9F" title="蠟">蠟</a>，呢浸蠟起得到保水嘅效果，令到粒卵唔會變乾。每一粒卵喺其中一個尾端嗰度有啲細細地嘅開口，等<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="精子">精子</a>可以游入去嚟令粒卵<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%97%E7%B2%BE" title="受精">受精</a>。蝴蝶啲卵嘅大細同埋形狀好多樣化，睇物種而定，不過多數都係企到喺度嘅<sup id="cite_ref-capinera2008_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capinera2008-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>蝴蝶<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%A2%E5%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="產卵">產卵</a>嘅方式都相當多樣化。有啲蝴蝶物種會將啲卵一粒一粒噉生喺唔同嘅地方，又有啲會成竇成竇噉生，好多時一隻蝴蝶乸可以生到成 100 至 200 粒卵咁多<sup id="cite_ref-capinera2008_77-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capinera2008-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。蝴蝶啲卵幾乎實係生喺啲植物上面嘅，但每一個物種嘅蝴蝶都有特定嘅寄主植物，有啲蝴蝶物種可以喺多個物種嘅植物上面產卵，又有啲定死咗要喺某一種特定嘅植物嗰度先至產到卵嘅<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。喺產卵嗰陣，隻蝴蝶乸會用一種好似<a href="/wiki/%E8%86%A0%E6%B0%B4" title="膠水">膠水</a>噉嘅物質嚟將佢啲卵黐喺啲植物嘅葉上面；呢種膠水跟手會變硬同收縮，會令到啲卵係噉咦變少少形，將粒卵黐實喺塊葉上面。喺<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E7%B2%89%E8%9D%B6" title="歐洲粉蝶">歐洲粉蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>當中，呢種膠水初頭係一種淡黃色又黐立立嘅分泌物，蝴蝶乸一擳呢種分泌物落啲卵度，就會遇到<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%A3" title="空氣">空氣</a>，呢種分泌物一遇到空氣就會變黑，變成一種溶到喺水度又好似<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%A1%E8%86%A0" title="橡膠">橡膠</a>噉嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E9%AB%94" title="固體">固體</a>物料－將啲卵黐實喺啲嘢度<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>喺多數嘅蝴蝶物種入面，卵嘅階段會維持幾個禮拜。喺<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AC%E5%A4%A9" title="冬天">冬天</a>產嘅卵（尤其係喺溫帶地區）會通過一個休眠期，等到<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E5%A4%A9" title="春天">春天</a>先至孵化<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。又有啲住喺溫帶嘅蝴蝶物種－例如係 <i>Nymphalis antiopa</i>－會喺春天嗰陣時產卵，等啲卵喺<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%A4%A9" title="夏天">夏天</a>孵化<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="幼蟲階段"><span id=".E5.B9.BC.E8.9F.B2.E9.9A.8E.E6.AE.B5"></span>幼蟲階段</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=14" title="編輯小節: 幼蟲階段"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chenille_de_Grand_porte_queue_(macaon).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Chenille_de_Grand_porte_queue_%28macaon%29.jpg/300px-Chenille_de_Grand_porte_queue_%28macaon%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Chenille_de_Grand_porte_queue_%28macaon%29.jpg/450px-Chenille_de_Grand_porte_queue_%28macaon%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Chenille_de_Grand_porte_queue_%28macaon%29.jpg/600px-Chenille_de_Grand_porte_queue_%28macaon%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6023" data-file-height="3645" /></a><figcaption>一條毛蟲</figcaption></figure> <p>啱啱由粒卵嗰度孵化出嚟嘅叫做<b>一齡蟲</b><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。幼蟲一般都會由粒卵嘅頂部嗰度咬爛個卵殼捐出嚟；又有某啲物種粒卵個表面有裂縫，等條毛蟲可以由側面爆出嚟；又有啲物種嘅卵有針對<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%84%E7%94%9F%E8%9C%82" title="寄生蜂">寄生蜂</a>嘅防衛，個殼厚到寄生蜂整唔穿，而隻毛蟲會由粒卵個底嗰度捐出嚟<sup id="cite_ref-capinera2008_77-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capinera2008-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>一齡蟲生咗出嚟要做嘅嘢就係猛咁食嘢，吸取成長要用嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%9F%E9%A4%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="營養">營養</a>。有好多物種嘅毛蟲喺孵咗出嚟會食埋自己粒卵嘅殼－噉做唔會嘥料，又可以防止啲空嘅卵殻暴露自己嘅位置俾啲獵食者知。條毛蟲食咗卵殼之後會係噉食樖寄主植物。有極少數嘅蝴蝶物種嘅毛蟲會食其他動物，例如係<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B0%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="灰蝶科">灰蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>之中嘅某啲蝶種嘅毛蟲都係<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%89%E9%A3%9F%E6%80%A7%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="肉食性動物">食肉</a>嘅，會以食<a href="/wiki/%E8%9A%9C%E8%9F%B2" title="蚜蟲">蚜蟲</a>等細隻嘅昆蟲維生<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>一條毛蟲會係噉食嘢嚟到儲起啲能量，直到下一個階段－脫皮轉齡－為止。到咗嗰陣幼蟲會停止活動，預備脫皮轉齡。脫皮開始嗰陣，條毛蟲嘅身體會伸縮，將塊舊皮由個頭部開始脫出嚟，最後將頭部嘅外殻甩出嚟就完成脫皮嘅過程，塊新皮跟住會快速噉變硬同有色。一條毛蟲每脫一次皮就大一<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%A1" title="齡">齡</a><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="結蛹"><span id=".E7.B5.90.E8.9B.B9"></span>結蛹</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=15" title="編輯小節: 結蛹"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>生到咁上下嘅毛蟲會停止進食，跟住周圍爬想搵個地方結蛹，佢哋通常會揀停留喺樹葉嘅底等等安全隱蔽嘅地方結蛹。為咗確保破蛹化成蝴蝶嗰陣時能夠順利噉展開對翼，條毛蟲會拉長自己個身嚟度吓夠唔夠位。決定好結蛹嘅地點之後，條毛蟲會吐啲絲出嚟做墊，用個尾足鉤住絲墊固定自己個位置，然後係噉左右吐絲，造成一條粗帶固定自己個身體。大約一日之後，佢就會開始結蛹，前蛹會有間歇性嘅伸縮同埋膨脹活動。打後伸縮同膨脹嘅次數會變得頻密，表皮會由胸前裂開，並且好快噉推到去腹部嘅尾端。最後尾端嘅臀棘鉤住絲墊，甩咗最後一塊皮就會完成結蛹嘅過程<sup id="cite_ref-capinera2008_77-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capinera2008-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>以下係<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E9%9B%80%E8%9B%B1%E8%9D%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="孔雀蛱蝶">孔雀蛱蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>結蛹嘅過程： </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pupation_-_Inachis_io.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pupation_-_Inachis_io.jpg/570px-Pupation_-_Inachis_io.jpg" decoding="async" width="570" height="428" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Pupation_-_Inachis_io.jpg/855px-Pupation_-_Inachis_io.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Pupation_-_Inachis_io.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="蛹階段"><span id=".E8.9B.B9.E9.9A.8E.E6.AE.B5"></span>蛹階段</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=16" title="編輯小節: 蛹階段"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>蛹係一個靜止、集中於改變身體結構嘅階段。一隻蛹個腹嘅第四至第六截查實仲曉郁，但喺蛹嘅階段，成隻蟲嘅絕大部份活動都會停止。喺呢個時候，隻蛹嘅體內會進行一連串複雜嘅生命過程，會將條毛蟲嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%99%A8%E5%AE%98" title="器官">器官</a>（除咗<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="神經系統">神經系統</a>）分解變成<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E9%AB%94" title="液體">液體</a>噉嘅狀態，跟手呢個液化咗嘅身體會重組變成隻成蟲嘅身體。一般嚟講，喺大約 10 日之後，隻成蟲嘅器官會喺個蛹入面完成發育，跟住隻蝴蝶就要做破蛹呢個過程<sup id="cite_ref-capinera2008_77-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capinera2008-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。有部份嘅蝴蝶物種蛹階段好長，會喺蛹入面過多過一次冬<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="成蟲階段"><span id=".E6.88.90.E8.9F.B2.E9.9A.8E.E6.AE.B5"></span>成蟲階段</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=17" title="編輯小節: 成蟲階段"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mating_Pair_of_Spotted_Fritillaries_on_Greater_Pignut.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Mating_Pair_of_Spotted_Fritillaries_on_Greater_Pignut.JPG/300px-Mating_Pair_of_Spotted_Fritillaries_on_Greater_Pignut.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Mating_Pair_of_Spotted_Fritillaries_on_Greater_Pignut.JPG/450px-Mating_Pair_of_Spotted_Fritillaries_on_Greater_Pignut.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Mating_Pair_of_Spotted_Fritillaries_on_Greater_Pignut.JPG/600px-Mating_Pair_of_Spotted_Fritillaries_on_Greater_Pignut.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1661" data-file-height="1260" /></a><figcaption>交配緊嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%84%E7%B6%B2%E8%9B%BA%E8%9D%B6" title="狄網蛺蝶">狄網蛺蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；蝴蝶交配嗰陣雙方腹部（生殖器官所在）會掂住。</figcaption></figure> <p>一隻蝴蝶嘅破蛹過程一般都係喺深夜至到天光嘅時間進行嘅。隻成蟲開始破蛹嗰陣時，個蛹殼嘅頭部同胸背會十字形噉樣裂開，隻蝴蝶嘅頭、胸同背部會一齊露出嚟，跟住對前腳會伸出嚟，並且將摺起咗嘅翼同脹起咗嘅腹拉出去個蛹殼外面<sup id="cite_ref-woodbury199422_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-woodbury199422-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。啱啱捐出嚟嘅成蟲通常會黐喺個蛹殼下面或者以其他穩固位置將個身體吊起，跟住佢就要將自己個腹嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B7%8B%E5%B7%B4" title="血淋巴">血淋巴</a>體液注入去翼脈嗰度，並且將摺起咗嘅翼迅速噉撐開。當兩對翼伸展之後，啲多餘嘅體液會由<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9B%E9%96%80" class="mw-redirect" title="肛門">肛門</a>嗰度排出。如果呢個時候隻蝴蝶跌咗落地或者有障礙物令到佢對翼唔能夠順利噉伸展嘅話，佢就會變到唔識飛，淨係可以坐以待斃。等兩對翼變硬咗之後，隻成蟲就曉飛<sup id="cite_ref-capinera2008_77-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capinera2008-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>破咗蛹之後嘅成蟲無論喺外形同結構上都同隻幼蟲極之唔同，但都仲係同一隻<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="生物">生物</a>－有科學家做過一個噉嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97" title="實驗">實驗</a>：佢哋搵咗一批毛蟲返去個<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97%E5%AE%A4" title="實驗室">實驗室</a>嗰度，俾啲毛蟲聞一啲氣味，當中某一啲嘅氣味會伴隨住一啲（唔致命嘅）<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%9B%E6%A5%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="痛楚">痛楚</a>；唔出乎意料嘅係，啲毛蟲話咁快就學識避開嗰啲同痛楚一齊出現嘅氣味；而更加緊要嘅係，呢啲毛蟲大個咗變咗蝴蝶之後，都仲識得避開嗰啲氣味－即係話佢哋仲記得細個嗰陣<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%B8%E7%BF%92" title="學習">學到</a>嘅嘢<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>一隻蝴蝶成蟲最重要嘅工作就係傳宗接代：一隻成蟲嘅所有器官經已發育成熟，有交配同埋（乸嘅話）產卵嘅能力，可以繁殖；通常一隻蝴蝶一世蟲淨係會交配一次。蝴蝶公會搵蝴蝶乸交配，交配完嘅蝴蝶乸會去搵寄主植物產卵，跟住公同乸喺冇幾耐之後就會死。打後佢哋嘅下一代就會再一次噉經歷呢個由生到死嘅過程<sup id="cite_ref-powell1987_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-powell1987-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。不過有一部份嘅蝴蝶物種啲乸喺產咗卵之後會生存一段時間，喺自己啲卵附近守候，嘗試為仔女提供一啲防禦<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="習性"><span id=".E7.BF.92.E6.80.A7"></span>習性</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=18" title="編輯小節: 習性"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pieris_brassicae_-_Large_Cabbage_White_-_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Pieris_brassicae_-_Large_Cabbage_White_-_01.jpg/300px-Pieris_brassicae_-_Large_Cabbage_White_-_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Pieris_brassicae_-_Large_Cabbage_White_-_01.jpg/450px-Pieris_brassicae_-_Large_Cabbage_White_-_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Pieris_brassicae_-_Large_Cabbage_White_-_01.jpg/600px-Pieris_brassicae_-_Large_Cabbage_White_-_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2250" data-file-height="1607" /></a><figcaption>一隻喺度食花蜜嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E7%B2%89%E8%9D%B6" title="歐洲粉蝶">歐洲粉蝶</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="食嘢"><span id=".E9.A3.9F.E5.98.A2"></span>食嘢</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=19" title="編輯小節: 食嘢"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote">睇埋：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E8%9C%9C" title="花蜜">花蜜</a></div> <p>蝴蝶成蟲嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2%E5%8F%A3%E5%99%A8" title="昆蟲口器">口器</a>特化咗好似<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%B2%E7%AE%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="飲管">飲管</a>噉嘅形狀，所以淨係曉食啲流質嘅嘢食。蝴蝶主要嘅嘢食來源係富含<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E4%BB%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="糖份">糖份</a>嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E8%9C%9C" title="花蜜">花蜜</a><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，有陣時唔同物種嘅蝴蝶搵起花蜜上嚟會偏好唔同物種嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1" title="花">花</a>，又有啲蝴蝶物種會食<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E7%B2%89" title="花粉">花粉</a><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%B9%E6%B1%81" title="樹汁">樹汁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%90%E7%88%9B" title="腐爛">爛</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%9E%9C" title="生果">生果</a>、爛肉、大啲嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="動物">動物</a>嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%BE%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="大便">大便</a>、人身上嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%97" title="汗">汗</a>（汗富含<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BD" title="鹽">鹽</a>）同埋<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E5%9C%9F" title="泥土">泥土</a>入面一啲溶咗嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA" title="礦物質">礦物質</a>呀噉。佢哋嗰個飲管形嘅口器亦都可以攞嚟飲水，佢哋鍾意喺小溪邊或者濕潤嘅土壤嗰度聚集埋一齊吸水同攝取水入面嗰啲礦物質。而對於蝴蝶公嚟講，呢啲礦物質係身體製造精包嗰陣時不可或缺嘅<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>蝴蝶鍾意食花蜜嘅習性令到佢哋對於好多種植物嚟講都係好緊要嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E7%B2%89" title="傳粉">傳粉</a>媒介－蝴蝶會幫啲植物手將啲植物嘅花粉由一樖植物傳去另一樖同類嘅植物嗰度，等啲植物有得繁殖。一般嚟講，佢哋帶嘅花粉量冇<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%9C%E8%9C%82" title="蜜蜂">蜜蜂</a>咁多，但係佢哋飛嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%9D%E9%9B%A2" title="距離">距離</a>就往往遠過蜜蜂嘅<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="共生"><span id=".E5.85.B1.E7.94.9F"></span>共生</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=20" title="編輯小節: 共生"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lycaenid_ant_sec.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Lycaenid_ant_sec.jpg/300px-Lycaenid_ant_sec.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Lycaenid_ant_sec.jpg/450px-Lycaenid_ant_sec.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Lycaenid_ant_sec.jpg/600px-Lycaenid_ant_sec.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>同<a href="/wiki/%E8%9F%BB" title="蟻">蟻</a>共生嘅灰蝶幼蟲；隻蟻喺度照顧緊隻幼蟲。</figcaption></figure> <p>有部份物種嘅蝴蝶會同第啲生物形成<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B1%E7%94%9F" title="互利共生">互利共生</a><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，例如多個<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B0%E8%9D%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="灰蝶">灰蝶</a>物種嘅毛蟲就會同<a href="/wiki/%E8%9F%BB" title="蟻">蟻</a>形成噉嘅關係：呢啲灰蝶幼蟲嘅身體有特殊構造，識得釋放一啲特殊化學物質同蟻溝通，吸引啲蟻過嚟<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；同時，隻幼蟲嘅身體曉分泌一啲<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%9C%E9%9C%B2" title="蜜露">蜜露</a><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（一種富含<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E4%BB%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="糖份">糖份</a>嘅黐立立液體），而呢啲蜜露對於蟻嚟講係好有用嘅糧食，所以啲蟻就會好樂意噉幫手保護隻蝴蝶幼蟲－於是乎隻蝴蝶幼蟲同啲蟻就形成咗一種互惠互利嘅關係<sup id="cite_ref-fied1996_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fied1996-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>另一方面，又有啲物種嘅蝴蝶幼蟲會用呢一點嚟去整蠱同利用啲蟻：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8D%E8%9D%B6" title="大藍蝶">大藍蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>嘅幼蟲會吸引啲蟻帶佢返去佢哋嗰個（好安全嘅）<a href="/wiki/%E8%9F%BB%E4%B8%98" class="mw-redirect" title="蟻丘">蟻丘</a>嗰度，跟住隻大藍蝶幼蟲會寄生喺個蟻丘度，以食啲蟻嘅幼蟲同卵嚟維生<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="過冬"><span id=".E9.81.8E.E5.86.AC"></span>過冬</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=21" title="編輯小節: 過冬"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chestnut_Tiger_Hong_Kong_form_Japan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Chestnut_Tiger_Hong_Kong_form_Japan.png/300px-Chestnut_Tiger_Hong_Kong_form_Japan.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Chestnut_Tiger_Hong_Kong_form_Japan.png/450px-Chestnut_Tiger_Hong_Kong_form_Japan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Chestnut_Tiger_Hong_Kong_form_Japan.png/600px-Chestnut_Tiger_Hong_Kong_form_Japan.png 2x" data-file-width="1941" data-file-height="1286" /></a><figcaption>一隻喺<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B1%E6%B0%B4%E7%81%A3" title="深水灣">深水灣</a>捉到嘅大絹斑蝶；佢俾人發現係由<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E6%AD%8C%E5%B1%B1%E7%B8%A3" title="和歌山縣">和歌山縣</a>遷徙到香港嘅。<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2018312">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2018311">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/60px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/80px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">響<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E" title="維基新聞">維基新聞</a>度有一單新聞係同呢篇文有關：<br /> <b><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%B5%B9%E6%96%91%E8%9D%B6%E9%A3%9B%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%83%E9%87%8C%E7%94%B1%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%8A%B5%E6%B8%AF" class="extiw" title="wikinews:大絹斑蝶飛越千里由日本抵港"> 大絹斑蝶飛越千里由日本抵港</a></b></div></div> </div> </figcaption></figure> <p>冬天對蝴蝶（同絕大多數昆蟲）嚟講係一個嚴峻嘅挑戰。冬天嘅低溫會搞到好多植物凋謝，包括咗蜜源植物同寄主植物，搞到成蟲同幼蟲冚唪唥都會因為嘢食難搵而難以生存。因為噉，好多蝴蝶物種都會揀以卵或者蛹嘅型態嚟去過冬－呢兩個型態都係靜止嘅狀態，唔使周圍郁，所以唔使用咁多<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F" title="能量">能量</a>，唔使食嘢都得。不過有一部份嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%91%E8%9D%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="斑蝶">斑蝶</a>物種能夠以成蟲嘅型態過冬，佢哋喺<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%8B%E5%A4%A9" title="秋天">秋天</a>會好努力猛咁吸花蜜，儲起啲養份喺身體度，喺冬天到咗嗰陣時就成一大群噉樣飛去啲<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%B0%B7" title="山谷">山谷</a>等暖嘅地方嗰度避寒，形成「蝴蝶谷」嘅奇觀<sup id="cite_ref-chill_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chill-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Angangueo_monarchs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Angangueo_monarchs.jpg/270px-Angangueo_monarchs.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Angangueo_monarchs.jpg/405px-Angangueo_monarchs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Angangueo_monarchs.jpg/540px-Angangueo_monarchs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>喺樹上面一齊過冬嘅帝王斑蝶；呢幅相係喺<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5" title="墨西哥">墨西哥</a>中部一個小鎮附近影到嘅。</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="遷徙"><span id=".E9.81.B7.E5.BE.99"></span>遷徙</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=22" title="編輯小節: 遷徙"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>有多個物種嘅蝴蝶，包括頭先提過嘅帝王斑蝶同<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%B5%B9%E6%96%91%E8%9D%B6" title="大絹斑蝶">大絹斑蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，會以<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%B7%E5%BE%99" title="遷徙">遷徙</a>嘅方法嚟過冬<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。帝王斑蝶會歷經幾代噉<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>飛越成個北美州，去到<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5" title="墨西哥">墨西哥</a>等暖啲嘅地區嘅某啲特定地方過冬，喺春天嗰陣就會返返去原本嘅地方，佢哋會大規模噉聚埋一齊喺啲<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%B9" title="樹">樹</a>上面，係一個好出名嘅奇觀。近啲嘅研究發現，Cynthia 呢個亞屬嘅蝴蝶會歷經六代由熱帶嘅<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a>遷徙去<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A5%B5%E5%9C%88" title="北極圈">北極圈</a>嘅地方，飛經差唔多 9,000 <a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A9" title="哩">哩</a>嘅距離－成個旅程飛嘅總距離差唔多係帝王斑蝶嗰個旅程嘅兩倍<sup id="cite_ref-chill_108-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chill-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。而喺<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="印度半島">印度半島</a>嗰度都有基於<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A3%E5%80%99%E9%A2%A8" title="季候風">季候風</a>嘅蝴蝶大規模遷徙<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="曬太陽"><span id=".E6.9B.AC.E5.A4.AA.E9.99.BD"></span>曬太陽</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=23" title="編輯小節: 曬太陽"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>蝴蝶有曬太陽嘅習慣：蝴蝶要喺對翼有返咁上下暖－溫度超過<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E6%B0%8F" title="攝氏">攝氏</a> 27 度（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%8F" title="華氏">華氏</a> 81 度）－嗰陣先至飛得起；當對翼唔夠暖嗰時，蝴蝶可以喺植物上面一路唞，一路將自己嘅翼嘅底向太陽，靠曬太陽嚟令自己身體暖啲，而如果佢哋身體熱得滯－溫度超過攝氏 40 度（華氏 104 度）－佢哋可以改變身體位置，等佢哋嘅翼唔好直接向住太陽，並且降溫<sup id="cite_ref-inforeed_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inforeed-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="競爭"><span id=".E7.AB.B6.E7.88.AD"></span>競爭</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=24" title="編輯小節: 競爭"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>有好多個物種嘅蝴蝶具有<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%9B%A4%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="地盤性">地盤性</a>，尤其係蝴蝶<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC" title="公">公</a>：一隻蝴蝶公通常會霸住一個特定嘅區域做自己<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%9B%A4_(%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8)" title="地盤 (動物學)">地盤</a>，仲會主動噉驅趕一啲唔覺意走咗入自己地盤嘅同類或者第啲動物，等自身有個制空優勢；呢啲蝴蝶公會企喺樹嘅葉上面嚟到攞個制空權，如果有其他蝴蝶公或者曉飛嘅嘢闖入去佢個領域，佢就會同佢互相追逐同打交，直至個入侵者走佬為止，而如果闖入去佢個領域嘅係蝴蝶乸，隻蝴蝶公就會用盡方法留住隻蝴蝶乸同埋摟佢交配。因為噉，霸地盤係蝴蝶公之間常見嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%B6%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="競爭">競爭</a>方式<sup id="cite_ref-inforeed_116-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inforeed-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>爬山係蝴蝶公嘅另一種競爭方式。每日嘅<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%99%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="上晝">上晝</a>，各地好多個物種嘅蝴蝶都會順住地形噉向上飛，最後聚集喺佢哋嗰頭嘅山頂或者山脊嗰度。啲蝴蝶公會喺山頭嗰度盤據住同埋互相追趕，等啲蝴蝶乸上山，而蝴蝶乸喺交配完之後會飛落山下面產卵<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>一般嚟講，蝴蝶公嘅數量多過蝴蝶乸，所以蝴蝶公之間嘅競爭非常之咁激烈。成幾隻蝴蝶公一齊追求一隻蝴蝶乸嘅情況完全唔罕見，而頭先啱啱提咗嘅蝴蝶公霸地盤同登山等嘅行為都係為咗要摟啲乸交配。蝴蝶公仲對蝴蝶乸嘅氣味異常咁敏感，成日都有蝴蝶公守候喺一啲未破蛹嘅乸嘅蝴蝶蛹附近，等隻蝴蝶乸破蛹咗之後就第一時間摟佢交配<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="交配"><span id=".E4.BA.A4.E9.85.8D"></span>交配</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=25" title="編輯小節: 交配"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>蝴蝶有相當複雜嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%82%E5%81%B6" title="求偶">求偶</a>儀式：當一隻蝴蝶公想摟一隻乸同佢交配嗰陣，佢哋會喺空中打轉，過程好多時會涉及到一啲<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E6%B4%9B%E8%92%99" title="費洛蒙">費洛蒙</a>；如果隻乸肯睬佢，兩隻蝴蝶就會搵地方降落嚟開始交配；交配嗰陣，兩隻蝴蝶會將條尾合埋一齊，呢個過程可以持續幾<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E9%90%98" title="分鐘">分鐘</a>至幾個<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%98%E9%A0%AD" title="鐘頭">鐘頭</a>不等；隻蝴蝶公會由個腹部嗰度伸條嘢出嚟插入去隻乸個陰道嗰度，將自己嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E5%8C%85" title="精包">精包</a>擺入去隻乸嘅體內<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。為咗等自己做<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="阿爸">阿爸</a>嘅機會高啲，隻蝴蝶公好多時會做啲嘢嚟令隻乸身上有佢陣除（等第啲蝴蝶公知呢隻乸已經有佢嘅精包），又或者好似<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%B9%E8%9D%B6%E5%B1%AC" title="絹蝶屬">絹蝶屬</a><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>嘅蝴蝶噉，交配完之後用某啲方法塞住隻乸個性器官，等其他蝴蝶公冇得同佢交配<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生態學研究"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E6.85.8B.E5.AD.B8.E7.A0.94.E7.A9.B6"></span>生態學研究</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=26" title="編輯小節: 生態學研究"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Goeldis_monkey_-_butterfly_lunch_-_cropped.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Goeldis_monkey_-_butterfly_lunch_-_cropped.png/270px-Goeldis_monkey_-_butterfly_lunch_-_cropped.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Goeldis_monkey_-_butterfly_lunch_-_cropped.png/405px-Goeldis_monkey_-_butterfly_lunch_-_cropped.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Goeldis_monkey_-_butterfly_lunch_-_cropped.png/540px-Goeldis_monkey_-_butterfly_lunch_-_cropped.png 2x" data-file-width="999" data-file-height="956" /></a><figcaption>一隻<a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%80%E5%B0%BE%E7%8C%B4" title="節尾猴">節尾猴</a>擔住一隻蝴蝶。</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="天敵"><span id=".E5.A4.A9.E6.95.B5"></span>天敵</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=27" title="編輯小節: 天敵"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>同多數昆蟲一樣，蝴蝶處於<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E9%8F%88" title="食物鏈">食物鏈</a>嘅底層，有為數眾多嘅物種都係佢哋嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%95%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="天敵">天敵</a>－包括咗<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%80%E9%B3%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="雀鳥">雀鳥</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%A5%E8%9C%B4" title="蜥蜴">蜥蜴</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%98%E8%9B%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="蜘蛛">蜘蛛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%9E%B3%E8%9E%82" title="螳螂">螳螂</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%BB%E8%9C%93" title="蜻蜓">蜻蜓</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E8%9B%99" class="mw-redirect" title="青蛙">青蛙</a>等等都會以蝴蝶做<a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%B5%E9%A3%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="獵食">獵食</a>對象<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，會以敏捷嘅身手（好似係雀鳥）或者設陷阱（好似係蜘蛛）捉蝴蝶或者蝴蝶毛蟲嚟食；蝴蝶喺幼蟲時期嗰陣時仲會撞到各種各樣嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%84%E7%94%9F%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="寄生性">寄生性</a>天敵，好似係<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%84%E7%94%9F%E8%A0%85" title="寄生蠅">寄生蠅</a><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>呀噉，呢啲寄生性嘅昆蟲會將自己啲卵生喺蝴蝶嘅卵、幼蟲或者蛹嘅身上，當佢哋啲幼蟲孵咗出嚟之後，就會食個寄主嘅身體嚟維生，而俾呢啲寄生性天敵侵襲嘅蝴蝶個體通常都會死－好多蝴蝶毛蟲都係監生噉俾呢啲寄生昆蟲嘅幼蟲食咗嘅<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。除咗呢啲天敵之外，仲有好多嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B0%E8%8F%8C" title="細菌">細菌</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒">病毒</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%8F%8C" title="真菌">真菌</a>等嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="微生物">微生物</a>會搞到蝴蝶有病<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。因為呢啲為數眾多嘅天敵，喺生到出嚟嘅毛蟲當中，淨係得好少數嘅可以生存到變成蝴蝶<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="防禦"><span id=".E9.98.B2.E7.A6.A6"></span>防禦</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=28" title="編輯小節: 防禦"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1488945/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:274px;max-width:274px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:272px;max-width:272px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Papilio_polytes-Thekkady-2016-12-03-001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Papilio_polytes-Thekkady-2016-12-03-001.jpg/270px-Papilio_polytes-Thekkady-2016-12-03-001.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Papilio_polytes-Thekkady-2016-12-03-001.jpg/405px-Papilio_polytes-Thekkady-2016-12-03-001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Papilio_polytes-Thekkady-2016-12-03-001.jpg/540px-Papilio_polytes-Thekkady-2016-12-03-001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4932" data-file-height="3288" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:272px;max-width:272px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Common_Rose_(Pachliopta_aristolochiae)_W_IMG_9133.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Common_Rose_%28Pachliopta_aristolochiae%29_W_IMG_9133.jpg/270px-Common_Rose_%28Pachliopta_aristolochiae%29_W_IMG_9133.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Common_Rose_%28Pachliopta_aristolochiae%29_W_IMG_9133.jpg/405px-Common_Rose_%28Pachliopta_aristolochiae%29_W_IMG_9133.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Common_Rose_%28Pachliopta_aristolochiae%29_W_IMG_9133.jpg/540px-Common_Rose_%28Pachliopta_aristolochiae%29_W_IMG_9133.jpg 2x" data-file-width="867" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">玉帶鳳蝶（上）嘅乸望落似十足紅珠鳳蝶（下）噉。玉帶鳳蝶本身冇毒，但紅珠鳳蝶有，所以當獵食者為咗避免中毒而唔食呢個樣嘅蝴蝶，玉帶鳳蝶就有著數。</div></div></div></div></div> <p>雖然佢哋天敵咁多，蝴蝶同毛蟲都有各種嘅計仔嚟作出對抗，提升自己生存嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%9F%E6%9C%83%E7%8E%87" class="mw-redirect" title="機會率">機會率</a>。例如係頭先提咗，有部分嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B0%E8%9D%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="灰蝶">灰蝶</a>幼蟲會同蟻共生，啲蟻會為咗佢哋啲蜜露而幫手保護佢哋。蟻可以幫到手對付擬寄生生物同好多嘅其他<a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%80%E8%82%A2%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="節肢動物">節肢動物</a>，但一撞到體型再大啲嘅天敵－例如係雀鳥－嗰陣，蟻都幫唔到手<sup id="cite_ref-fied1996_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fied1996-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；不過，毛蟲同蝴蝶可以用佢哋嘅移動能力搵地方匿埋，例如係好多蝴蝶嘅乸都興將卵生喺樹皮嘅裂縫入面，又或者係有咁快得咁快走佬，再唔係仲有得詐死。唔識郁嘅卵同蛹又有第啲避敵方法，提高自己嘅生存機會<sup id="cite_ref-nishida2002_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nishida2002-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="化學防禦"><span id=".E5.8C.96.E5.AD.B8.E9.98.B2.E7.A6.A6"></span>化學防禦</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=29" title="編輯小節: 化學防禦"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>好多蝴蝶物種都會用一啲化學物－即係<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%92%E7%B4%A0" title="毒素">毒素</a>－嚟趕走啲獵食者。呢啲蝴蝶多數都係識得運用一啲由植物嗰度攞到嘅毒素，搞到食咗佢哋落肚嘅獵食者會搞到唔舒服－噉嗰個獵食者下次見到同類嘅蝴蝶嗰陣就唔會去食，整體嚟講提高成個物種嘅生存機會。除此之外，呢啲物種嘅蝴蝶同毛蟲好多時都進化出咗有好鮮艷嘅色水：有部分嘅蛹表面有<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="金屬">金屬</a>色澤，又有幼蟲身上有對比好明顯嘅色水；呢啲噉嘅色水確保隻獵食者實會記得隻蝴蝶毛蟲係乜嘢樣嘅，更加確保到佢下次見到同類嘅蝴蝶毛蟲嗰陣，會記得上次食咗唔舒服嘅事。呢種有毒生物「進化出鮮艷色水嚟提醒獵食者」嘅現象就係所謂嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%A6%E6%88%92%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="警戒作用">警戒作用</a><sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nishida2002_127-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nishida2002-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>呢種現象又帶出咗另外兩個現象：<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E6%B0%8F%E6%93%AC%E6%85%8B" title="貝氏擬態">貝氏擬態</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%B0%8F%E6%93%AC%E6%85%8B" title="穆氏擬態">穆氏擬態</a>（睇下面）。前者係指有好多其他（冇毒嘅）蝴蝶物種－尤其係佢哋啲蝴蝶乸－都會喺外形上模仿有毒嘅鮮艷蝴蝶，等自己可以唔使特登花費資源整毒素，就有得分享警戒作用嘅好處；後者係指多種有毒鮮艷嘅蝴蝶物種進化到同對方差唔多樣，等啲獵食者唔使食咁多就已經學識避忌佢哋<sup id="cite_ref-e1974_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e1974-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="擬態"><span id=".E6.93.AC.E6.85.8B"></span>擬態</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=30" title="編輯小節: 擬態"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote">睇埋：<a href="/wiki/%E6%93%AC%E6%85%8B" title="擬態">擬態</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%93%AC%E6%85%8B" title="擬態">擬態</a><sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>係指一啲透過扮成第種生物嚟保護自己嘅防衛機制。一個擬態現象要有以下三者：獵食者、受擬態者同埋擬態者。獵食者會喺捕食嘅過程當中學識受擬態者唔好食、有毒或者難捉，有咗呢啲唔好嘅經驗搞到佢之後會避免捉個樣同受擬態者相似嘅生物，而擬態者就因爲個樣生得似受擬態者，而變相冇咁易俾獵食者捕食<sup id="cite_ref-e1974_130-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e1974-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。擬態有得分做以下兩大種： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E6%B0%8F%E6%93%AC%E6%85%8B" title="貝氏擬態">貝氏擬態</a><sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：冇威脅性、冇毒嘅物種，生到好似一啲有威脅性、有毒嘅物種噉嘅樣，起到狐假虎威嘅作用；要做到貝氏擬態，受擬態者數量要夠多，而且兩個物種要住喺相近嘅地方。例如乸嘅<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%96%91%E8%9B%BA%E8%9D%B6" title="金斑蛺蝶">金斑蛺蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>個樣生得好似有毒嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E%E6%96%91%E8%9D%B6" title="虎斑蝶">虎斑蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>噉；乸嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%89%E5%B8%B6%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6" title="玉帶鳳蝶">玉帶鳳蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>個紅紋嘅樣似有毒嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E7%8F%A0%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6" title="紅珠鳳蝶">紅珠鳳蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>等等<sup id="cite_ref-edmunds74_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edmunds74-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E6%B0%8F%E6%93%AC%E6%85%8B" title="穆氏擬態">穆氏擬態</a><sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：都係頭先提過，兩種或者兩種以上都係有威脅性、有毒嘅物種，彼此之間個樣生得似－互相係對方嘅擬態者同受擬態者；佢哋色水通常都好鮮艷或者有對比色，彼此擬態令到啲獵食者唔使食咁多個體就經已學識唔好再食佢哋，加強咗警戒色嘅效果。例如有毒嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E6%96%91%E8%9D%B6%E5%B1%AC" title="紫斑蝶屬">紫斑蝶屬</a><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>當中嘅物種彼此之間有相似嘅色澤呀噉<sup id="cite_ref-edmunds74_137-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edmunds74-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="僞裝"><span id=".E5.83.9E.E8.A3.9D"></span>僞裝</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=31" title="編輯小節: 僞裝"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>有好多蝴蝶物種會透過各種外型、顏色或者行爲嚟擾亂佢哋啲獵食者：有啲蝴蝶物種曉運用<a href="/wiki/%E5%83%9E%E8%A3%9D_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8)" title="僞裝 (生物學)">僞裝</a><sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>令到獵食者冇咁易睇到佢哋，即係例如好多個蝴蝶物種嘅幼蟲或者成蟲都同樖寄主植物嘅色水好似，企定定唔郁嗰時可以扮成啲葉、花或者樹枝嘅一部份<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，好似係<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%AF%E8%91%89%E8%9B%BA%E8%9D%B6" title="枯葉蛺蝶">枯葉蛺蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>係呢方面就非之出名－枯葉蛺蝶呢種蝴蝶蝶如其名，佢哋嘅翼就噉睇好似枯葉噉嘅樣，令到獵食者難以睇到佢哋<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；又有啲蝴蝶物種興扮係一啲佢哋嘅天敵唔會有興趣嘅物體，例如係<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="鳳蝶科">鳳蝶科</a>好多個物種嘅幼蟲，個樣會生到好似雀屎噉，令到啲雀鳥唔想食佢哋落肚<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>除此之外，又有啲蝴蝶物種會利用翼上面嘅斑紋分割同擾亂獵食者嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E8%A6%BA" title="視覺">視覺</a>。好似係<a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E8%9B%BA%E8%9D%B6%E5%B1%AC" title="環蛺蝶屬">環蛺蝶屬</a><sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>啲翼上面嘅破碎條紋噉，灰蝶停喺度唔飛嗰陣會擺動佢哋對後翼，令到對後翼好似頭噉樣郁－啲獵食者往往俾佢哋呃咗，走去攻擊佢哋對後翼（而唔係最緊要嘅頭部），於是隻蝴蝶就噉逃過一劫<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 275px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kallima_inachus_qtl1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="枯葉蛺蝶嘅僞裝；佢望落好似一塊枯葉噉，令到獵食者冇咁易睇到佢哋。"><img alt="枯葉蛺蝶嘅僞裝；佢望落好似一塊枯葉噉，令到獵食者冇咁易睇到佢哋。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Kallima_inachus_qtl1.jpg/167px-Kallima_inachus_qtl1.jpg" decoding="async" width="167" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Kallima_inachus_qtl1.jpg/251px-Kallima_inachus_qtl1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Kallima_inachus_qtl1.jpg/334px-Kallima_inachus_qtl1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2780" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">枯葉蛺蝶嘅僞裝；佢望落好似一塊枯葉噉，令到獵食者冇咁易睇到佢哋。</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 275px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Papilio_cresphontes_larva_defensive.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="呢條鳳蝶毛蟲個樣生到好似粒雀屎噉。"><img alt="呢條鳳蝶毛蟲個樣生到好似粒雀屎噉。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Papilio_cresphontes_larva_defensive.JPG/178px-Papilio_cresphontes_larva_defensive.JPG" decoding="async" width="178" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Papilio_cresphontes_larva_defensive.JPG/268px-Papilio_cresphontes_larva_defensive.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Papilio_cresphontes_larva_defensive.JPG/357px-Papilio_cresphontes_larva_defensive.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2260" data-file-height="1522" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">呢條鳳蝶毛蟲個樣生到好似粒雀屎噉。</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 275px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Neptis_pryeri_pryeri.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="環蛺蝶身上嘅花紋會令獵食者眼花，唔知應該攻擊隻蝴蝶邊忽好。"><img alt="環蛺蝶身上嘅花紋會令獵食者眼花，唔知應該攻擊隻蝴蝶邊忽好。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Neptis_pryeri_pryeri.jpg/177px-Neptis_pryeri_pryeri.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Neptis_pryeri_pryeri.jpg/265px-Neptis_pryeri_pryeri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Neptis_pryeri_pryeri.jpg/354px-Neptis_pryeri_pryeri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1895" data-file-height="1286" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">環蛺蝶身上嘅花紋會令獵食者眼花，唔知應該攻擊隻蝴蝶邊忽好。</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="威嚇防禦"><span id=".E5.A8.81.E5.9A.87.E9.98.B2.E7.A6.A6"></span>威嚇防禦</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=32" title="編輯小節: 威嚇防禦"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Papilio_xuthus_Larva_2011-07-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Papilio_xuthus_Larva_2011-07-01.jpg/240px-Papilio_xuthus_Larva_2011-07-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Papilio_xuthus_Larva_2011-07-01.jpg/360px-Papilio_xuthus_Larva_2011-07-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Papilio_xuthus_Larva_2011-07-01.jpg/480px-Papilio_xuthus_Larva_2011-07-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>一條毛蟲伸咗對臭角出嚟。</figcaption></figure> <p>又有好多蝴蝶會用某啲方法扮大隻嚟嚇走啲獵食者： </p> <ul><li>有好多蝴蝶物種嘅翼上面都有唔合比例咁大嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%BC%E6%96%91" title="眼斑">眼斑</a><sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，亦有<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="鳳蝶">鳳蝶</a>嘅終齡幼蟲喺個胸部嗰度有啲噉嘅斑；呢啲眼斑令到隻蝴蝶或者條毛蟲望落好似一隻巨獸塊<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%A2_(%E8%BA%AB%E9%AB%94)" title="面 (身體)">面</a>噉，啲獵食者好多時會因為噉而唔敢攻擊（睇埋<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9B%E5%BC%B5%E8%81%B2%E5%8B%A2%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA" title="虛張聲勢行為">虛張聲勢行為</a>）<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；</li> <li>有陣時大量嘅毛蟲會聚埋一齊，噉做起到威嚇嘅效果，亦都令到啲獵食者難以集中噉去捕食，增加到個體嘅生存機會<sup id="cite_ref-edmunds74_137-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-edmunds74-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；</li> <li>有部分嘅蝴蝶幼蟲身體嘅表面有好硬嘅棘刺或者係長嘅毛，用噉嚟警告天敵佢哋可能有毒、唔好食、或者難吞；</li> <li>如果冇法子阻嚇天敵嘅行動，鳳蝶幼蟲仲可以用佢哋對<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="臭角" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Osmeterium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AD%E8%A7%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="臭角 (無呢版)">臭角</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmeterium" class="extiw" title="en:Osmeterium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Osmeterium</span></a></span>）</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>嚟散發出一陣難聞嘅除，斑蝶成蟲都會用器官散發出一陣除嚟驅敵<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 275px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fauna_of_Chinnar_WLS_Kerala_(13).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="一隻眼蝶展開咗佢對翼；佢嘅翼上面有好大嘅眼斑，令到隻蝴蝶望落好似一隻巨獸塊面噉。"><img alt="一隻眼蝶展開咗佢對翼；佢嘅翼上面有好大嘅眼斑，令到隻蝴蝶望落好似一隻巨獸塊面噉。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Fauna_of_Chinnar_WLS_Kerala_%2813%29.jpg/173px-Fauna_of_Chinnar_WLS_Kerala_%2813%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="173" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Fauna_of_Chinnar_WLS_Kerala_%2813%29.jpg/260px-Fauna_of_Chinnar_WLS_Kerala_%2813%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Fauna_of_Chinnar_WLS_Kerala_%2813%29.jpg/347px-Fauna_of_Chinnar_WLS_Kerala_%2813%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1039" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">一隻眼蝶展開咗佢對翼；佢嘅翼上面有好大嘅眼斑，令到隻蝴蝶望落好似一隻巨獸塊面噉。</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 275px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arethusana_arethusa_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_32_Villegailhenc_male.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arethusana arethusa；佢又係對翼上面有對好大嘅眼斑。"><img alt="Arethusana arethusa；佢又係對翼上面有對好大嘅眼斑。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Arethusana_arethusa_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_32_Villegailhenc_male.jpg/240px-Arethusana_arethusa_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_32_Villegailhenc_male.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Arethusana_arethusa_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_32_Villegailhenc_male.jpg/360px-Arethusana_arethusa_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_32_Villegailhenc_male.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Arethusana_arethusa_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_32_Villegailhenc_male.jpg/480px-Arethusana_arethusa_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_32_Villegailhenc_male.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10500" data-file-height="3687" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arethusana_arethusa" class="extiw" title="en:Arethusana arethusa">Arethusana arethusa</a></i>；佢又係對翼上面有對好大嘅眼斑。</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生物分類"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E7.89.A9.E5.88.86.E9.A1.9E"></span>生物分類</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=33" title="編輯小節: 生物分類"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BA%E5%82%B3%E5%AD%B8" title="遺傳學">遺傳學</a>有研究唔同蝴蝶物種之間嘅<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BA%E5%82%B3" title="遺傳">遺傳</a>關係，以及蝴蝶同第啲生物之間嘅遺傳關係<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>： </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="外類群"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.A1.9E.E7.BE.A4"></span>外類群</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=34" title="編輯小節: 外類群"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>生物學上對蝴蝶嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="生物分類法">分類</a>曾經有多次變化：現時一般認為，蝴蝶係<a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%97%E7%BF%85%E7%9B%AE" title="鱗翅目">鱗翅目</a><sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（翼上有<a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%97%E7%89%87" class="mw-redirect" title="鱗片">鱗片</a>嘅昆蟲，包括咗蝴蝶同<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E8%9B%BE" title="飛蛾">飛蛾</a>）當中嘅一個<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%8C%96%E6%94%AF" title="進化支">進化支</a>；歷史上，昆蟲學家曾經將蝴蝶分類做「錘角亞目」，將飛蛾分類做<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%B0%E8%A7%92%E4%BA%9E%E7%9B%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="異角亞目">異角亞目</a><sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>－呢個係靠觸角形狀嚟將蝴蝶同飛蛾區分嘅，但家吓科學研究已經證實咗呢個種分類喺遺傳上查實並唔啱；一般嚟講，廿一世紀初嘅昆蟲學界經已確立咗「蝴蝶係由飛蛾進化出嚟嘅」呢一點<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，不過好多研究蝴蝶同飛蛾嘅進化史嘅昆蟲學家都仲喺度拗「蝴蝶同邊啲<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91" title="科">科</a>嘅飛蛾屬同一進化支」<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-k1998_160-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-k1998-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>或者係「蝴蝶同邊個邊個科嘅飛蛾係<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%81%E7%B3%BB%E7%BE%A4" title="旁系群">旁系群</a>（sister group；簡單講就係指喺進化上最接近）定係點」<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>等等嘅問題，而佢哋對呢啲問題好多時都仲未有一致嘅共識。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="內類群"><span id=".E5.85.A7.E9.A1.9E.E7.BE.A4"></span>內類群</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=35" title="編輯小節: 內類群"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>對於蝴蝶內部要點分類，生物學界亦都有多次嘅爭議：喺蝴蝶嘅次級分類當中，曾經有細分做弄蝶總科、鳳蝶總科同絲角蝶總科<sup id="cite_ref-s1992_162-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s1992-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，並且認為弄蝶係原始啲嘅類群；不過廿一世紀初嘅研究指出，鳳蝶總科當中嘅<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="鳳蝶科">鳳蝶科</a>先至係蝴蝶入面最早（由蝴蝶嘅遠古祖先嗰度）分化出嚟嘅一個<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%8C%96%E6%94%AF" title="進化支">進化支</a>，即係話鳳蝶科係佢哋以外所有蝶類嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%81%E7%B3%BB%E7%BE%A4" title="旁系群">旁系群</a>，而噉亦都意味住，鳳蝶總科係一個<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E7%B3%BB%E7%BE%A4" title="多系群">多系群</a><sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（有多個唔同祖先物種，但因為遺傳上相似而俾人分類做同類嘅生物物種）<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-k2014_165-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-k2014-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>一般嚟講，現今嘅蝴蝶分類當中總共有一個總科，包含咗七個<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91" title="科">科</a>，包括<sup id="cite_ref-k1998_160-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-k1998-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>： </p> <div style="clear: both;"></div> <center> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>蝴蝶分科 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>科</th> <th>普通英文名</th> <th>特徵</th> <th>圖例 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%B2%E8%A7%92%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="絲角蝶科">絲角蝶科</a><br /><sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>American moth-butterflies</td> <td>細隻、啡色、觸角冇波，長又瘦嘅腹部。</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Macrosoma_bahiata.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Macrosoma_bahiata.jpg/240px-Macrosoma_bahiata.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Macrosoma_bahiata.jpg/360px-Macrosoma_bahiata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Macrosoma_bahiata.jpg/480px-Macrosoma_bahiata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%84%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="弄蝶科">弄蝶科</a><br /><sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Skippers</td> <td>細隻、飛起上嚟會突然衝、觸角個波向後勾。</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hesperia_comma-01_(xndr).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Hesperia_comma-01_%28xndr%29.jpg/240px-Hesperia_comma-01_%28xndr%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Hesperia_comma-01_%28xndr%29.jpg/360px-Hesperia_comma-01_%28xndr%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Hesperia_comma-01_%28xndr%29.jpg/480px-Hesperia_comma-01_%28xndr%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1512" data-file-height="1008" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B0%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="灰蝶科">灰蝶科</a><br /><sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Blues、coppers、hairstreaks</td> <td>細隻、色水鮮艷；好多時翼上面有眼斑。</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maculinea_arion_Large_Blue_Upperside_SFrance_2009-07-18.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Maculinea_arion_Large_Blue_Upperside_SFrance_2009-07-18.jpg/240px-Maculinea_arion_Large_Blue_Upperside_SFrance_2009-07-18.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Maculinea_arion_Large_Blue_Upperside_SFrance_2009-07-18.jpg/360px-Maculinea_arion_Large_Blue_Upperside_SFrance_2009-07-18.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Maculinea_arion_Large_Blue_Upperside_SFrance_2009-07-18.jpg/480px-Maculinea_arion_Large_Blue_Upperside_SFrance_2009-07-18.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1247" data-file-height="1021" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%BA%E8%9D%B6" title="蛺蝶">蛺蝶</a><br /><sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Brush-footed 或者 four-footed butterflies</td> <td>多數前腳細隻，望落好似得四隻腳噉；色水好多時鮮艷。</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AD2009Aug01_Vanessa_atalanta_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/AD2009Aug01_Vanessa_atalanta_01.jpg/240px-AD2009Aug01_Vanessa_atalanta_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/AD2009Aug01_Vanessa_atalanta_01.jpg/360px-AD2009Aug01_Vanessa_atalanta_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/AD2009Aug01_Vanessa_atalanta_01.jpg/480px-AD2009Aug01_Vanessa_atalanta_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3553" data-file-height="2380" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="鳳蝶科">鳳蝶科</a><br /><sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Swallowtails</td> <td>好多時翼嗰度有「尾」；毛蟲曉產生臭味；蛹會有絲做支撐。</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Papilio_troilus01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Papilio_troilus01.jpg/240px-Papilio_troilus01.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Papilio_troilus01.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="274" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%89%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="粉蝶科">粉蝶科</a><br /><sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Whites 同 allies</td> <td>多數白色、黃色、或者橙色；蛹會有絲做支撐。</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Large_white_spread_wings.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Large_white_spread_wings.jpg/240px-Large_white_spread_wings.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Large_white_spread_wings.jpg/360px-Large_white_spread_wings.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Large_white_spread_wings.jpg/480px-Large_white_spread_wings.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2083" data-file-height="1545" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%86%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91" title="蜆蝶科">蜆蝶科</a><br /><sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Metalmarks</td> <td>好多時翼上會有金屬噉嘅斑點；色水比較暗淡，以黑、橙、同藍等為主。</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Necyria_bellona_manco_NovaraExpZoologischeTheilLepidopteraAtlasTaf36.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Necyria_bellona_manco_NovaraExpZoologischeTheilLepidopteraAtlasTaf36.jpg/240px-Necyria_bellona_manco_NovaraExpZoologischeTheilLepidopteraAtlasTaf36.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Necyria_bellona_manco_NovaraExpZoologischeTheilLepidopteraAtlasTaf36.jpg/360px-Necyria_bellona_manco_NovaraExpZoologischeTheilLepidopteraAtlasTaf36.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Necyria_bellona_manco_NovaraExpZoologischeTheilLepidopteraAtlasTaf36.jpg/480px-Necyria_bellona_manco_NovaraExpZoologischeTheilLepidopteraAtlasTaf36.jpg 2x" data-file-width="522" data-file-height="387" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </center> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="文化影響"><span id=".E6.96.87.E5.8C.96.E5.BD.B1.E9.9F.BF"></span>文化影響</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=36" title="編輯小節: 文化影響"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WLA_hmns_Case_of_butterflies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/WLA_hmns_Case_of_butterflies.jpg/240px-WLA_hmns_Case_of_butterflies.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="360" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/WLA_hmns_Case_of_butterflies.jpg/360px-WLA_hmns_Case_of_butterflies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/WLA_hmns_Case_of_butterflies.jpg/480px-WLA_hmns_Case_of_butterflies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cockrell_Butterfly_Center" class="extiw" title="en:Cockrell Butterfly Center">美國侯斯頓自然科學博物館</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Xvxi1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Xvxi1.jpg/240px-Xvxi1.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="310" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Xvxi1.jpg/360px-Xvxi1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Xvxi1.jpg/480px-Xvxi1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="645" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="五代">五代</a>時期出名嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E9%B3%A5%E7%95%AB%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="花鳥畫家">花鳥畫家</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E7%86%99" title="徐熙">徐熙</a>筆下嘅蝴蝶同<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E8%97%A4" title="紫藤">紫藤</a></figcaption></figure> <div role="note" class="hatnote">睇埋：<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E8%9D%B6" title="觀蝶">觀蝶</a></div> <p>蝴蝶喺人類嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="文化">文化</a>入面好有影響力。因為蝴蝶俾人感覺係又靚又冇害嘅生物，甚至有時會俾人當做其他蟲唔同種。蝴蝶亦經常被用畫畫題材或者設計意象。例如喺花牌入面，就成日有「牡丹同蝴蝶」嘅圖案。佢哋喺人類文化入面嘅形象一般都好正面，例如係： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E8%9D%B6" title="觀蝶">觀蝶</a>即係觀察蝴蝶嘅自然生態嘅活動：觀蝶一般人都做得，可以走去野外嗰度影蝴蝶嘅相同觀察蝴蝶嘅生態，又有人會起蝴蝶園俾人觀蝶－例子有廣東佛山嘅盈香生態園<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。一般嚟講，觀蝶嘅守則包括咗「唔應該騷擾啲野生動物」同埋「唔應該捉喺任何生命階段嘅蝴蝶」，費事擾亂<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="生態系統">生態系統</a>。去觀蝶嗰陣時人多數會帶埋嗰頭嘅蝴蝶圖鑑、記錄表同<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E6%A9%9F" title="相機">相機</a>呢啲架生，方便記錄低自己撞到嘅蝴蝶，而影蝴蝶靚相亦係觀蝶活動當中好受歡迎嘅一環<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>喺好耐以前嘅人類<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93%E5%AE%B6" title="藝術家">藝術家</a>已經喺度用蝴蝶做創作主題以及用佢哋做<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%84%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="美感">美感</a>嘅代表。根據<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%83%E5%8F%A4%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="考古學家">考古學家</a>喺遺跡嗰度掘出嚟嘅嘢發現，<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%83%E5%89%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="公元前">公元前</a> 1,500 年嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="古埃及">古埃及</a><sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="中美洲">中美洲</a>嘅古城市<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E5%A5%A7%E8%BF%AA%E8%8F%AF%E8%82%AF" title="提奧迪華肯">提奧迪華肯</a><sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、仲有係古代嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E9%9B%85%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E" title="瑪雅文明">瑪雅文明</a>等等都有將蝴蝶嘅形象<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%95%E5%88%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="雕刻">雕刻</a>落去佢哋啲<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%AE%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="神殿">神殿</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="建築物">建築物</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%A0%E5%AF%B6" title="珠寶">珠寶</a>等嘅文化產物嗰度<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。就算到咗現代，用蝴蝶嚟象徵靚仲係喺好多創作當中都有出現嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%8B%E6%AE%B5" title="橋段">橋段</a><sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>喺包含<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E" title="東亞">東亞</a>在內嘅世界多地，蝴蝶好多時俾古人認為係人嘅<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%88%E9%AD%82" title="靈魂">靈魂</a>嘅化身。例如： <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a>有《<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E5%B1%B1%E4%BC%AF%E8%88%87%E7%A5%9D%E8%8B%B1%E5%8F%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="梁山伯與祝英台">梁山伯與祝英台</a>》呢個民間傳說。喺呢個<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%85%E4%BB%94" title="故仔">故仔</a>入面，男女主角梁山伯同祝英台雙雙殉情之後，靈魂化身做蝴蝶，於是喺好多個<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E4%BA%BA" title="唐人">唐人</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="民系">民系</a>嘅文化入面，蝴蝶做咗追求自由戀變嘅象徵，而《梁山伯與祝英台》同個故仔嘅變種版本喺<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E5%8A%87" title="京劇">京劇</a>同埋<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E6%9D%B1" title="廣東">廣東</a>嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B2" title="大戲">大戲</a>當中都有出現<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；</li> <li>喺<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>嘅民俗入面有傳說話，蝴蝶係人嘅靈魂嘅化身－無論嗰個人仲係生勾勾、就快死、定係死咗，佢嘅靈魂都可以化成蝴蝶現身。有日本<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%B7%E4%BF%A1" title="迷信">迷信</a>話，如果有一隻蝴蝶飛咗入間屋嘅客房而且喺個竹幕後面停低，噉就即係有個人嚟咗見佢最愛嘅人<sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；而喺地球另一面嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="愛爾蘭">愛爾蘭</a>，都有傳統民俗相信人死咗後會化成蝴蝶返嚟見佢愛嘅人<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul></li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E5%A4%AB%E4%BA%BA" title="蝴蝶夫人">蝴蝶夫人</a>》<sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>係一齣好出名嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">意大利</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%8C%E5%8A%87" title="歌劇">歌劇</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%85%E4%BB%94" title="故仔">故仔</a>講一個天真後生嘅日本女仔「蝴蝶」甘心改信<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a>並嫁俾美國男人<b>平卡頓</b><sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，因而俾屋企人逐出家門（因為當時嘅日本人好反基督教）；平卡頓因為蝴蝶好似一隻蝴蝶噉又靚又柔弱而對佢有好感，但佢查實只係想玩吓蝴蝶，暗中打算遲啲再去搵個美國女人做正式老婆，後嚟平卡頓返咗去美國，而冇幾耐蝴蝶仲生咗佢嘅仔；蝴蝶獨力一路湊住個仔一路等佢老公返嚟，三年後，平卡頓帶住佢個美國老婆返日本，知蝴蝶生咗個仔之後想帶個仔返美國，而乜都冇嗮嘅蝴蝶最後自殺－喺《蝴蝶夫人》當中，蝴蝶俾人用嚟做柔弱同天真嘅美嘅象徵<sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>喺<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%81%8A%E6%88%B2" title="電子遊戲">電子遊戲</a>系列<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B5%E7%89%A9%E5%B0%8F%E7%B2%BE%E9%9D%88" title="寵物小精靈">寵物小精靈</a>入面，有多種精靈嘅設計都係基於蝴蝶嘅。當中比較出名嘅有<b>巴他蝶</b><sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>同埋<b>狩獵鳳蝶</b><sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>等等。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="粵文化"><span id=".E7.B2.B5.E6.96.87.E5.8C.96"></span>粵文化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=37" title="編輯小節: 粵文化"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote">睇埋：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%89%AF%E5%B4%A9%E7%B4%97" class="mw-redirect" title="大良崩紗">大良崩紗</a></div> <p>除咗頭先提到嘅大戲版《梁山伯與祝英台》之外，蝴蝶喺<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%B5%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="粵文化">粵文化</a>入面都有一定嘅影響力。 </p><p>廣東<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%86%E5%BE%B7" title="順德">順德</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%89%AF" title="大良">大良</a>有一種傳統小食<a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%A9%E7%B4%97_(%E5%B0%8F%E9%A3%9F)" title="崩紗 (小食)">大良崩紗</a>，蝴蝶噉形，查實有段古<sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>：喺廣東話入面，蝴蝶有個舊名叫做 <b><span>bang<span class="Jpingtone">1</span> saa<span class="Jpingtone">1</span></span></b>，用<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="漢字">漢字</a>寫一般會寫做 </p> <ul><li><b>𧌇䖢</b>或者</li> <li><b>崩紗</b></li></ul> <p>呢隻詞據講嚟自<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E8%B6%8A%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="百越人">百越人</a>嘅語言嘅，但到咗家吓，已經幾乎冇人仲會用嚟指蝴蝶，但係就俾人攞咗嚟指第樣嘢－大良崩紗。大良崩紗簡稱<b>崩紗</b>，由大良人梁成章喺 1788 年（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="清朝">清朝</a>時代）喺佢嗰間「成記」油炸店創製。呢種小食嘅整法係用糖同鹽將麵團製成片，折卷之後就切同捏成蝴蝶噉嘅形狀，再用油<a href="/wiki/%E7%82%B8" title="炸">炸</a>。打後經過李禧同佢啲後人嘅繼承、發揚、同改進，到咗廿一世紀形成咗「李禧記」嘅老字號崩紗<sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>－ <b><span>bang<span class="Jpingtone">1</span> saa<span class="Jpingtone">1</span></span></b> 呢個古老嘅字並冇消失，只不過係個意思變咗<sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242160">.mw-parser-output .gallery-mod{background:transparent;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .gallery-mod-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .gallery-mod-title{text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .gallery-mod-box{float:left;border-collapse:collapse;margin:3px}.mw-parser-output .gallery-mod-box .thumb{border:1px solid #ccc;background-color:#F8F8F8;padding:0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output tr.gallery-mod-text{vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output tr.gallery-mod-text .core{display:block;font-size:small;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .gallery-mod-text .caption{line-height:1.25em;padding:6px 6px 1px 6px;margin:0;border:none;border-width:0}.mw-parser-output .gallery-mod-footer{text-align:right;font-size:80%;line-height:1em}</style><table class="gallery-mod gallery-mod-center"><tbody><tr><td><table class="gallery-mod-box" style="width:440px"><tbody><tr><td class="thumb" style="height:260px"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baangsa.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="李禧記崩紗"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Baangsa.jpg/420px-Baangsa.jpg" decoding="async" width="420" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Baangsa.jpg/630px-Baangsa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Baangsa.jpg/840px-Baangsa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="977" data-file-height="553" /></a><figcaption><center>李禧記崩紗</center></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr class="gallery-mod-text"><td class="core"><div class="caption" style="min-height:3.1em;width:427px"><center>李禧記崩紗</center> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="彩蝶倩影"><span id=".E5.BD.A9.E8.9D.B6.E5.80.A9.E5.BD.B1"></span>彩蝶倩影</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=38" title="編輯小節: 彩蝶倩影"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 282px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parnassius_apollo_Pirineus.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="阿波羅絹蝶[歐 78]"><img alt="阿波羅絹蝶[歐 78]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Parnassius_apollo_Pirineus.JPG/420px-Parnassius_apollo_Pirineus.JPG" decoding="async" width="280" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Parnassius_apollo_Pirineus.JPG/631px-Parnassius_apollo_Pirineus.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Parnassius_apollo_Pirineus.JPG 2x" data-file-width="804" data-file-height="574" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E7%B5%B9%E8%9D%B6" title="阿波羅絹蝶">阿波羅絹蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 224.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 222.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emerald_Swallowtail.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="小天使翠鳳蝶[歐 79]"><img alt="小天使翠鳳蝶[歐 79]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Emerald_Swallowtail.jpg/334px-Emerald_Swallowtail.jpg" decoding="async" width="223" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Emerald_Swallowtail.jpg/501px-Emerald_Swallowtail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Emerald_Swallowtail.jpg/667px-Emerald_Swallowtail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1079" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%BF%E7%BF%A0%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6" title="小天使翠鳳蝶">小天使翠鳳蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 161.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 159.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_oakleaf_or_dead_leaf_DSCN2192_11.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="枯葉蛺蝶[歐 80]"><img alt="枯葉蛺蝶[歐 80]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Indian_oakleaf_or_dead_leaf_DSCN2192_11.jpg/239px-Indian_oakleaf_or_dead_leaf_DSCN2192_11.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Indian_oakleaf_or_dead_leaf_DSCN2192_11.jpg/359px-Indian_oakleaf_or_dead_leaf_DSCN2192_11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Indian_oakleaf_or_dead_leaf_DSCN2192_11.jpg/479px-Indian_oakleaf_or_dead_leaf_DSCN2192_11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="2255" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%AF%E8%91%89%E8%9B%BA%E8%9D%B6" title="枯葉蛺蝶">枯葉蛺蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 302px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yellow-fronted_owl-butterfly_(Caligo_telamonius).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="貓頭鷹環蝶[歐 81]"><img alt="貓頭鷹環蝶[歐 81]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Yellow-fronted_owl-butterfly_%28Caligo_telamonius%29.jpg/450px-Yellow-fronted_owl-butterfly_%28Caligo_telamonius%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Yellow-fronted_owl-butterfly_%28Caligo_telamonius%29.jpg/675px-Yellow-fronted_owl-butterfly_%28Caligo_telamonius%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Yellow-fronted_owl-butterfly_%28Caligo_telamonius%29.jpg/900px-Yellow-fronted_owl-butterfly_%28Caligo_telamonius%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4860" data-file-height="3240" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%93%E9%A0%AD%E9%B7%B9%E7%92%B0%E8%9D%B6" title="貓頭鷹環蝶">貓頭鷹環蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 291.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 289.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Diaethria_marchalii.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="紅渦蛺蝶[歐 82]"><img alt="紅渦蛺蝶[歐 82]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Diaethria_marchalii.jpg/434px-Diaethria_marchalii.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Diaethria_marchalii.jpg/650px-Diaethria_marchalii.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Diaethria_marchalii.jpg/867px-Diaethria_marchalii.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3461" data-file-height="2396" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E6%B8%A6%E8%9B%BA%E8%9D%B6" title="紅渦蛺蝶">紅渦蛺蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 258.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 256.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Common_Yellow_Swallowtail_-_Papilio_machaon_I_IMG_6962.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="金鳳蝶[歐 83]"><img alt="金鳳蝶[歐 83]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Common_Yellow_Swallowtail_-_Papilio_machaon_I_IMG_6962.jpg/385px-Common_Yellow_Swallowtail_-_Papilio_machaon_I_IMG_6962.jpg" decoding="async" width="257" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Common_Yellow_Swallowtail_-_Papilio_machaon_I_IMG_6962.jpg/577px-Common_Yellow_Swallowtail_-_Papilio_machaon_I_IMG_6962.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Common_Yellow_Swallowtail_-_Papilio_machaon_I_IMG_6962.jpg 2x" data-file-width="769" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6" title="金鳳蝶">金鳳蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 218px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 216px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Common_Emigrant_(Catopsilia_pomona)_W_IMG_9545.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="遷粉蝶[歐 84]"><img alt="遷粉蝶[歐 84]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Common_Emigrant_%28Catopsilia_pomona%29_W_IMG_9545.jpg/324px-Common_Emigrant_%28Catopsilia_pomona%29_W_IMG_9545.jpg" decoding="async" width="216" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Common_Emigrant_%28Catopsilia_pomona%29_W_IMG_9545.jpg/486px-Common_Emigrant_%28Catopsilia_pomona%29_W_IMG_9545.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Common_Emigrant_%28Catopsilia_pomona%29_W_IMG_9545.jpg 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%B7%E7%B2%89%E8%9D%B6" title="遷粉蝶">遷粉蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 150px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 148px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aussiegall_-_The_Visitor_(by).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="採緊蜜嘅帝王斑蝶"><img alt="採緊蜜嘅帝王斑蝶" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Aussiegall_-_The_Visitor_%28by%29.jpg/222px-Aussiegall_-_The_Visitor_%28by%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="148" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Aussiegall_-_The_Visitor_%28by%29.jpg/333px-Aussiegall_-_The_Visitor_%28by%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Aussiegall_-_The_Visitor_%28by%29.jpg/444px-Aussiegall_-_The_Visitor_%28by%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1102" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">採緊蜜嘅帝王斑蝶</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 302.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 300.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_Mark_Polygonia_interrogationis_Wings_3008px.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Polygonia interrogationis"><img alt="Polygonia interrogationis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Question_Mark_Polygonia_interrogationis_Wings_3008px.jpg/451px-Question_Mark_Polygonia_interrogationis_Wings_3008px.jpg" decoding="async" width="301" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Question_Mark_Polygonia_interrogationis_Wings_3008px.jpg/677px-Question_Mark_Polygonia_interrogationis_Wings_3008px.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Question_Mark_Polygonia_interrogationis_Wings_3008px.jpg/903px-Question_Mark_Polygonia_interrogationis_Wings_3008px.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygonia_interrogationis" class="extiw" title="en:Polygonia interrogationis">Polygonia interrogationis</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 278px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 276px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aporia_crataegi_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aporia crataegi"><img alt="Aporia crataegi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Aporia_crataegi_%281%29.jpg/414px-Aporia_crataegi_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="276" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Aporia_crataegi_%281%29.jpg/621px-Aporia_crataegi_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Aporia_crataegi_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="544" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aporia_crataegi" class="extiw" title="en:Aporia crataegi">Aporia crataegi</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 236px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 234px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Junonia_almana_by_kadavoor.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="美眼蛺蝶[歐 85]"><img alt="美眼蛺蝶[歐 85]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Junonia_almana_by_kadavoor.JPG/351px-Junonia_almana_by_kadavoor.JPG" decoding="async" width="234" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Junonia_almana_by_kadavoor.JPG/527px-Junonia_almana_by_kadavoor.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Junonia_almana_by_kadavoor.JPG/702px-Junonia_almana_by_kadavoor.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1798" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E7%9C%BC%E8%9B%BA%E8%9D%B6" title="美眼蛺蝶">美眼蛺蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 303.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 301.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_Morpho.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="大藍閃蝶[歐 86]"><img alt="大藍閃蝶[歐 86]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_Morpho.jpg/452px-Blue_Morpho.jpg" decoding="async" width="302" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_Morpho.jpg/678px-Blue_Morpho.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_Morpho.jpg/904px-Blue_Morpho.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3175" data-file-height="2109" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8D%E9%96%83%E8%9D%B6" title="大藍閃蝶">大藍閃蝶</a><sup id="cite_ref-202" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>歐 86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 156.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 154.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_bunch_of_butterflies_(7658104516).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="幾隻唔同種嘅蝴蝶"><img alt="幾隻唔同種嘅蝴蝶" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/A_bunch_of_butterflies_%287658104516%29.jpg/232px-A_bunch_of_butterflies_%287658104516%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/A_bunch_of_butterflies_%287658104516%29.jpg/348px-A_bunch_of_butterflies_%287658104516%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/A_bunch_of_butterflies_%287658104516%29.jpg/463px-A_bunch_of_butterflies_%287658104516%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="927" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">幾隻唔同種嘅蝴蝶</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 269.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 267.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Doxocopa_laurentia_male_face_sup.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="公嘅 Doxocopa laurentia"><img alt="公嘅 Doxocopa laurentia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Doxocopa_laurentia_male_face_sup.jpg/401px-Doxocopa_laurentia_male_face_sup.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Doxocopa_laurentia_male_face_sup.jpg/602px-Doxocopa_laurentia_male_face_sup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Doxocopa_laurentia_male_face_sup.jpg/802px-Doxocopa_laurentia_male_face_sup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3100" data-file-height="2319" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">公嘅 <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doxocopa_laurentia" class="extiw" title="en:Doxocopa laurentia">Doxocopa laurentia</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 302px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spicebush_Swallowtail_in_August.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Papilio troilus"><img alt="Papilio troilus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Spicebush_Swallowtail_in_August.jpg/450px-Spicebush_Swallowtail_in_August.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Spicebush_Swallowtail_in_August.jpg/675px-Spicebush_Swallowtail_in_August.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Spicebush_Swallowtail_in_August.jpg/900px-Spicebush_Swallowtail_in_August.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2737" data-file-height="1825" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papilio_troilus" class="extiw" title="en:Papilio troilus">Papilio troilus</a></i></div> </li> </ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 722px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 720px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hundreds_of_butterflies.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="清朝宮廷畫家郎世寧畫嘅《百蝶圖》"><img alt="清朝宮廷畫家郎世寧畫嘅《百蝶圖》" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Hundreds_of_butterflies.jpg" decoding="async" width="720" height="360" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="清朝">清朝</a>宮廷<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%AB%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="畫家">畫家</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%8E%E4%B8%96%E5%AF%A7" title="郎世寧">郎世寧</a>畫嘅《百蝶圖》</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="文獻"><span id=".E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=39" title="編輯小節: 文獻"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2018312"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2018311"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E9%A0%AD%E7%89%88" class="extiw" title="commons:頭版">維基同享</a>有多媒體嘅嘢：<br /><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Butterflies" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Butterflies"><span style="">𧌇䖢</span></a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2018312"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2018311"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE" title="維基物種">維基物種</a>有資料講：<i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Papilionoidea" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Papilionoidea">Papilionoidea</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2018312"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2018311"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E8%BE%AD%E5%85%B8" title="維基辭典">維基辭典</a>有呢個詞嘅解釋：<br /><b><a href="https://zh-yue.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/蝴蝶">蝴蝶</a></b></div></div> </div> <p>中國大陸書： </p> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2190673">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .references-small,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4>.zit3,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4>.zit3,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4>.zit3,.mw-parser-output .zoek6zung6>.zit3{display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .zit3>.zit3,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .zit3>.zit3,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .zit3>.zit3,.mw-parser-output .zoek6zung6 .zit3>.zit3{display:inline-flex}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .hoi1,.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .fan1gaak3,.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .saan1,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .hoi1,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .fan1gaak3,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .saan1{display:inline-block;width:0;height:0;font-size:0.1px;color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .fan1gaak3{font-size:0.125px}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4+.pin1ming4,.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4+.syu1ming4,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4+.pin1ming4,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4+.syu1ming4,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4-b+.zyun1ming4-b,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4+.zyun1ming4{margin-left:0.0833em}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.zit3 .hai2tau4ge3.zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.zit3 .hai2tau4ge3.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0 0 0 0.05em)}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .hai2zeoi3tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .hai2zeoi3tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0 0.14em 0 0.05em)}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0 0.14em 0 0)}.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf?"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf#"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF?"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF#"].external>span[aria-label]>.pin1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf?"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".pdf#"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF?"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1,.mw-parser-output a[href$=".PDF#"].external>span[aria-label]>.syu1ming4>.saan1{width:unset;font-size:unset}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.zit3 .hai2tau4ge3.zi6:after{overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3{clip-path:inset(0 0 0 0)}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .hai2tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2tau4ge3.hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0.14em 0 0 0)}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zit3 .hai2zeoi3mei1ge3.zi6:after{transform:rotate(90deg)translate(-0.25em,0.5em)}.mw-parser-output .fan1gaak3+.zi6:after{clip-path:inset(0 0 0 0.1em)}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .zoek6zung6 .zi6:after{position:absolute;align-self:baseline;margin-left:-1em}.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4 .zi6:after,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4 .zi6:after{padding-top:1em;content:"﹋"}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4 .zi6:after{content:"︳";transform-origin:bottom left;transform:rotate(90deg)translate(-0.25em,0.35em)}.mw-parser-output .zoek6zung6 .zi6:after{padding-top:0.6em;content:"·";width:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .koen1zo2,.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4-b .hoi1-adj,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4-b .hoi1-adj{margin-left:-0.4em}.mw-parser-output .koen1jau6,.mw-parser-output .pin1ming4-b .saan1-adj,.mw-parser-output .syu1ming4-b .saan1-adj{margin-right:-0.4em}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4-b{white-space:nowrap;border-bottom:0.05em solid currentColor}.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4-b+link+.zyun1ming4-b,.mw-parser-output .zyun1ming4-b+.zyun1ming4-b{margin-left:0.083em}.mw-parser-output .references-small>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .references-small>ul>li{margin-left:3em;text-indent:-3em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREF周堯1992" class="citation book cs1">周堯 (1992年)。<span class="syu1ming4-b" aria-label="《中國蝶類志》"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">《</span>中</span><span class="zit3">國蝶類志</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">》</span></span></span>。中國：河南技術出版社。<a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/75349-15740" title="Special:書本來源/75349-15740"><bdi>75349-15740</bdi></a>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E8%9D%B6%E9%A1%9E%E5%BF%97&rft.place=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B&rft.pub=%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=75349-15740&rft.au=%E5%91%A8%E5%A0%AF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREF王敏,_范驍凌" class="citation book cs1">王敏, 范驍凌。<span class="syu1ming4-b" aria-label="《中國灰蝶志》"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">《</span>中</span><span class="zit3">國灰蝶志</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">》</span></span></span>。中國鄭州：河南科學技術出版社。<a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/7534923840" title="Special:書本來源/7534923840"><bdi>7534923840</bdi></a>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%81%B0%E8%9D%B6%E5%BF%97&rft.place=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B+%E9%84%AD%E5%B7%9E&rft.pub=%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft.isbn=7534923840&rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E6%95%8F%2C+%E8%8C%83%E9%A9%8D%E5%87%8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREF袁鋒,_袁向群,_薛國喜2015" class="citation book cs1">袁鋒, 袁向群, 薛國喜 (2015)。<span class="syu1ming4-b" aria-label="《中國動物誌昆蟲綱第五十五卷鱗翅目弄蝶科》"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">《</span>中</span><span class="zit3">國動物誌昆蟲綱第五十五卷鱗翅目弄蝶科</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">》</span></span></span>。中國北京：科學出版社。<a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/9787030439147" title="Special:書本來源/9787030439147"><bdi>9787030439147</bdi></a>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9%E8%AA%8C+%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2%E7%B6%B1+%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%B7+%E9%B1%97%E7%BF%85%E7%9B%AE+%E5%BC%84%E8%9D%B6%E7%A7%91&rft.place=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B+%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&rft.pub=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9787030439147&rft.au=%E8%A2%81%E9%8B%92%2C+%E8%A2%81%E5%90%91%E7%BE%A4%2C+%E8%96%9B%E5%9C%8B%E5%96%9C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREF寿建新,_周尧,_李宇飞2006" class="citation book cs1">寿建新, 周尧, 李宇飞 (2006-04-01)。<span class="syu1ming4-b" aria-label="《世界蝴蝶分類名錄》"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">《</span>世</span><span class="zit3">界蝴蝶分類名錄</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">》</span></span></span>。中國：陝西科學技術出版社。<a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/9787536936768" title="Special:書本來源/9787536936768"><bdi>9787536936768</bdi></a>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%90%8D%E9%8C%84&rft.place=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B&rft.pub=%E9%99%9D%E8%A5%BF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft.date=2006-04-01&rft.isbn=9787536936768&rft.au=%E5%AF%BF%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%B0%2C+%E5%91%A8%E5%B0%A7%2C+%E6%9D%8E%E5%AE%87%E9%A3%9E&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <p>台灣書： </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREF呂至堅,_陳建仁2014" class="citation book cs1">呂至堅, 陳建仁 (2014年3月23號)。<span class="syu1ming4-b" aria-label="《蝴蝶生活史圖鑑》"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">《</span>蝴</span><span class="zit3">蝶生活史圖鑑</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">》</span></span></span>。台灣：晨星出版有限公司。<a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/9789861777849" title="Special:書本來源/9789861777849"><bdi>9789861777849</bdi></a>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E5%8F%B2%E5%9C%96%E9%91%91&rft.place=%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3&rft.pub=%E6%99%A8%E6%98%9F%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft.date=2014-03-23&rft.isbn=9789861777849&rft.au=%E5%91%82%E8%87%B3%E5%A0%85%2C+%E9%99%B3%E5%BB%BA%E4%BB%81&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREF徐堉峰2013" class="citation book cs1">徐堉峰 (2013年2月10號)。<span class="syu1ming4-b" aria-label="《臺灣蝴蝶圖鑑．上【弄蝶、鳳蝶、粉蝶】》"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">《</span>臺</span><span class="zit3">灣蝴蝶圖鑑．上<span class="koen1zo2siu2siu2">【</span>弄</span><span class="zit3">蝶、鳳蝶、粉蝶</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">】</span><span class="koen1jau6">》</span></span></span>。台灣：晨星出版有限公司。<a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/9789861776705" title="Special:書本來源/9789861776705"><bdi>9789861776705</bdi></a>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E5%9C%96%E9%91%91%EF%BC%8E%E4%B8%8A%E3%80%90%E5%BC%84%E8%9D%B6%E3%80%81%E9%B3%B3%E8%9D%B6%E3%80%81%E7%B2%89%E8%9D%B6%E3%80%91&rft.place=%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3&rft.pub=%E6%99%A8%E6%98%9F%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft.date=2013-02-10&rft.isbn=9789861776705&rft.au=%E5%BE%90%E5%A0%89%E5%B3%B0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREF徐堉峰2013" class="citation book cs1">徐堉峰 (2013年2月10號)。<span class="syu1ming4-b" aria-label="《臺灣蝴蝶圖鑑．中【灰蝶】》"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">《</span>臺</span><span class="zit3">灣蝴蝶圖鑑．中<span class="koen1zo2siu2siu2">【</span>灰</span><span class="zit3">蝶</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">】</span><span class="koen1jau6">》</span></span></span>。台灣：晨星出版有限公司。<a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/9789861776705" title="Special:書本來源/9789861776705"><bdi>9789861776705</bdi></a>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E5%9C%96%E9%91%91%EF%BC%8E%E4%B8%AD%E3%80%90%E7%81%B0%E8%9D%B6%E3%80%91&rft.place=%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3&rft.pub=%E6%99%A8%E6%98%9F%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft.date=2013-02-10&rft.isbn=9789861776705&rft.au=%E5%BE%90%E5%A0%89%E5%B3%B0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREF徐堉峰2013" class="citation book cs1">徐堉峰 (2013年3月10號)。<span class="syu1ming4-b" aria-label="《臺灣蝴蝶圖鑑．下【蛺蝶】》"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">《</span>臺</span><span class="zit3">灣蝴蝶圖鑑．下<span class="koen1zo2siu2siu2">【</span>蛺</span><span class="zit3">蝶</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">】</span><span class="koen1jau6">》</span></span></span>。台灣：晨星出版有限公司。<a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/9789861776682" title="Special:書本來源/9789861776682"><bdi>9789861776682</bdi></a>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E5%9C%96%E9%91%91%EF%BC%8E%E4%B8%8B%E3%80%90%E8%9B%BA%E8%9D%B6%E3%80%91&rft.place=%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3&rft.pub=%E6%99%A8%E6%98%9F%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft.date=2013-03-10&rft.isbn=9789861776682&rft.au=%E5%BE%90%E5%A0%89%E5%B3%B0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p>香港書： </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREF楊建業,_饒戈,_丘紹文" class="citation book cs1">楊建業, 饒戈, 丘紹文。<span class="syu1ming4-b" aria-label="《香港蝴蝶圖誌》"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">《</span>香</span><span class="zit3">港蝴蝶圖誌</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">》</span></span></span>。香港：香港鱗翅目學會。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E5%9C%96%E8%AA%8C&rft.place=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF&rft.pub=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E9%B1%97%E7%BF%85%E7%9B%AE%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83&rft.au=%E6%A5%8A%E5%BB%BA%E6%A5%AD%2C+%E9%A5%92%E6%88%88%2C+%E4%B8%98%E7%B4%B9%E6%96%87&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREF潘瑞輝,_楊英豪2012" class="citation book cs1">潘瑞輝, 楊英豪 (2012年6月)。<span class="syu1ming4-b" aria-label="《香港蝴蝶百科辨蝶篇》"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">《</span>香</span><span class="zit3">港蝴蝶百科辨蝶篇</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">》</span></span></span>。香港：香港鱗翅目學會。<a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/9789628694372" title="Special:書本來源/9789628694372"><bdi>9789628694372</bdi></a>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91+%E8%BE%A8%E8%9D%B6%E7%AF%87&rft.place=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF&rft.pub=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E9%B1%97%E7%BF%85%E7%9B%AE%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83&rft.date=2012-06&rft.isbn=9789628694372&rft.au=%E6%BD%98%E7%91%9E%E8%BC%9D%2C+%E6%A5%8A%E8%8B%B1%E8%B1%AA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREF羅益奎,_許永亮2004" class="citation book cs1">羅益奎, 許永亮 (2004年)。<span class="syu1ming4-b" aria-label="《郊野情報蝴蝶篇》"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">《</span>郊</span><span class="zit3">野情報蝴蝶篇</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">》</span></span></span>。香港：漁農自然護理署。<a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/9621428432" title="Special:書本來源/9621428432"><bdi>9621428432</bdi></a>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E9%83%8A%E9%87%8E%E6%83%85%E5%A0%B1%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E7%AF%87&rft.place=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF&rft.pub=%E6%BC%81%E8%BE%B2%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%AD%B7%E7%90%86%E7%BD%B2&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9621428432&rft.au=%E7%BE%85%E7%9B%8A%E5%A5%8E%2C+%E8%A8%B1%E6%B0%B8%E4%BA%AE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFBascombe,_M.J.,_Johnston,_G._&_Bascombe,_F.S.1999" class="citation book cs1">Bascombe, M.J., Johnston, G. & Bascombe, F.S. (1999). <i><span></span></i>The Butterflies of Hong Kong<i><span></span></i>. London: Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/9780120802906" title="Special:書本來源/9780120802906"><bdi>9780120802906</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Butterflies+of+Hong+Kong&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780120802906&rft.au=Bascombe%2C+M.J.%2C+Johnston%2C+G.+%26+Bascombe%2C+F.S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: 作者名單">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <p>其他書： </p> <ul><li>Lamas, Gerardo (1990). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160827214204/http://lepidopteraresearchfoundation.org/journals/29/PDF29/29-092.pdf">An Annotated List of Lepidopterological Journals</a>" (PDF). <i>Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera</i>, 29 (1–2): 92–104.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="睇埋"><span id=".E7.9D.87.E5.9F.8B"></span>睇埋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=40" title="編輯小節: 睇埋"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B1%97%E7%BF%85%E7%9B%AE" title="鱗翅目">鱗翅目</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E8%9B%BE" title="飛蛾">飛蛾</a>）同<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%9C%E8%9C%82" title="蜜蜂">蜜蜂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E8%8A%B1%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="開花植物">開花植物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%8A%E5%91%A8%E5%A4%A2%E8%9D%B6" title="莊周夢蝶">莊周夢蝶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E6%95%88%E6%87%89" title="蝴蝶效應">蝴蝶效應</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E9%B3%A5%E7%95%AB" title="花鳥畫">花鳥畫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E4%BB%99%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="小仙子">小仙子</a></li></ul> <div style="clear: both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83"></span>參考</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=41" title="編輯小節: 參考"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>註釋： </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2020813">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-112">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">冇一隻個體會完成嗮成個旅程。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-180">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">可以睇吓 <a href="/wiki/TV_Tropes" title="TV Tropes">TV Tropes</a> 嘅 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/PrettyButterflies">Pretty Butterflies</a>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-188">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">可以睇吓 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bulbapedia.bulbagarden.net/wiki/Butterfree_(Pok%C3%A9mon)">Butterfree (Pokémon)</a>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-190">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">可以睇吓 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bulbapedia.bulbagarden.net/wiki/Beautifly_(Pok%C3%A9mon)">Beautifly (Pokémon)</a>。</span> </li> </ol></div> <p>文中用咗嘅外語詞彙（如果無講明，預設係<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87" title="英文">英文</a>）： </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2020813"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Rhopalocera</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Papilionoidea</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ornithoptera alexandrae</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Brephidium</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">monarch butterfly；<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%B8%E5%90%8D" title="學名">學名</a>：<i>Danaus plexippus</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">compound eye</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">antennae</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">clubbed tip</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">skipper；學名：<i>Hesperiidae</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">naked segments</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">mouthpart</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">palp</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">thorax</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">spiracles</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">abdomen</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">spermatophore</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Greta oto</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">forewing</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-52">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">hindwing</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Morpho didius</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Morpho</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">androconia</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">polymorphism</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-65">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">hermaphrodite</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-66">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Anthocharis cardamines</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-67">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Papilio machaon</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-68">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">caterpillar</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-69">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">seta</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-70">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">instar</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-71">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">true legs</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">crochet</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-74">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">pupa</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-75">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">imago</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">complete metamorphosis</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-78">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Danainae</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-80">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Aporia crataegi</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-82">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Pieris brassicae</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-86">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">first instar</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Lycaenidae</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-90">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Aglais io</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-92">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Melitaea didyma</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-96">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">nectar</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-101">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">mutualism</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-104">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">honeydew</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-106">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Phengaris arion</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-110">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Parantica sita</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-120">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Parnassius</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-123">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Tachinidae</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-129">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Aposematism</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-131">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">mimicry</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-132">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Batesian mimicry</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-133">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Hypolimnas misippus</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-134">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Danaus genutia</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-135">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Papilio polytes</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-136">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Pachliopta aristolochiae</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-139">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Müllerian mimicry</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-140">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Euploea</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-141">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">camouflage</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-143">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Kallima inachus</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-146">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Neptis</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-149">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">eyespot</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-151">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">osmeterium</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-155">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%B8%E5%90%8D" title="學名">學名</a>：<i>Lepidoptera</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-156">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Heterocera</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-163">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">polyphyly</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-167">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Hedylidae</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-168">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hesperiidae</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-169">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lycaenidae</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-170">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nymphalidae</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-171">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Papilionidae</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-172">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pieridae</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-173">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Riodinidae</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-178">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Teotihuacán</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-184">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Madame Butterfly</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-185">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pinkerton</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-187">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%87%E5%81%87%E5%90%8D" title="片假名">片假名</a>：バタフリー；<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E7%BE%85" class="mw-redirect" title="日羅">日羅</a>：batafurii</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-189">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">片假名：アゲハント；日羅：agehanto</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-194">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Parnassius apollo</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-195">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Papilio palinurus</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-196">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Kallima inachus</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-197">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Caligo</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-198">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Diaethria clymena</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-199">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Papilio machaon</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-200">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Catopsilia pomona</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-201">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Junonia almana</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-202">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Morpho menelaus</i></span> </li> </ol></div> <p>文中引用咗嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%B8%E8%A1%93%E6%96%87%E7%8D%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="學術文獻">學術文獻</a>或者<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E9%A0%81" title="網頁">網頁</a>： </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2020813"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Herrera, Carlos M. (1992). "Activity Pattern and Thermal Biology of a Day-Flying Hawkmoth (Macroglossum stellatarum) under Mediterranean summer conditions". <i>Ecological Entomology</i>. 17: 52–56.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Klowden, Marc J. (2013). <i>Physiological Systems in Insects</i>. Academic Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sorensen, J. T. (1980). An integumental anatomy for the butterfly Glaucopsyche lygdamus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): a morphological terminology and homology. <i>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</i>, 70(1), 55-101.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artsology.com/butterfly-art.php">Butterflies in Art</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thebutterflysite.com/life-cycle.shtml">Butterfly Life Cycle / Butterfly Metamorphosis</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Heywood, R. B. (1965). Changes occurring in the central nervous system of Pieris brassicae L.(Lepidoptera) during metamorphosis. <i>Journal of insect physiology</i>, 11(4), 413-430.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-garcia-barros-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-garcia-barros_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">GARCÍA-BARROS, E. N. R. I. Q. U. E. (2000). Body size, egg size, and their interspecific relationships with ecological and life history traits in butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea, Hesperioidea). <i>Biological Journal of the Linnean Society</i>, 70(2), 251-284.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Timothy Duane Schowalter (2011). <i>Insect Ecology: An Ecosystem Approach</i>. Academic Press. p. 159.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-van2011-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-van2011_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">van Nieukerken et al., 2011 in Zhang (Ed.), <i>Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness</i>. Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2011/f/zt03148p221.pdf">Zootaxa 3148</a> : 212-221</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Meyer, Herbert William; Smith, Dena M . (2008). <i>Paleontology of the Upper Eocene Florissant Formation, Colorado</i>. Geological Society of America. p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-w2015-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-w2015_13-0">11.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-w2015_13-1">11.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lepsoc.org/frequently_asked_questions.php">Frequently Asked Questions</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">互聯網檔案館</a>嘅<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150513015255/http://www.lepsoc.org/frequently_asked_questions.php">歸檔</a>，歸檔日期2015年5月13號，.. <i>The Lepidopterists' Society</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">McIntosh, W. C.; et al. (1992). "Calibration of the Latest Eocene-Oligocene geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale Using 40Ar/39Ar Dated Ignimbrites". <i>Geology</i>. 20 (5): 459–463.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Saarinen, K., Lahti, T., & Marttila, O. (2003). Population trends of Finnish butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperioidea, Papilionoidea) in 1991–2000. <i>Biodiversity & Conservation</i>, 12(10), 2147-2159.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Spitzer, K., Novotny, V., Tonner, M., & Leps, J. (1993). Habitat preferences, distribution and seasonality of the butterflies(Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) in a montane tropical rain forest, Vietnam. <i>Journal of Biogeography</i>, 20(1), 109-121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">García-Barros, E., García-Pereira, P., & Munguira, M. L. (2000). The geographic distribution and state of butterfly faunistic studies in Iberia (Lepidoptera Papilionoidea Hesperioidea). <i>Belgian Journal of Entomology</i>, 2, 111-124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Williams, Ernest; Adams, James; Snyder, John. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150513015255/http://www.lepsoc.org/frequently_asked_questions.php">Frequently Asked Questions</a>". <i>The Lepidopterists' Society</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFDönitz,_Prof._Dr._W.1897" class="citation journal cs1">Dönitz, Prof. Dr. W. (1897). "Sitzungsberichte des Entomologischen Vereins in Berlin für das Jahr 1896". <i>Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift</i>. <b>42</b> (1–2): 1–25. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fmmnd.18970420102">10.1002/mmnd.18970420102</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Berliner+entomologische+Zeitschrift&rft.atitle=Sitzungsberichte+des+Entomologischen+Vereins+in+Berlin+f%C3%BCr+das+Jahr+1896&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=1-25&rft.date=1897&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fmmnd.18970420102&rft.au=D%C3%B6nitz%2C+Prof.+Dr.+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Italic or bold markup not allowed in: <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#apostrophe_markup" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: var(--color-subtle, #555); font-size: 0.8em; position: relative; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="連到德文網頁">（德文）</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-butt-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-butt_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREF大衛．卡特2007" class="citation book cs1">大衛．卡特 (2007年7月)。<span class="syu1ming4-b" aria-label="《蝴蝶》"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">《</span>蝴</span><span class="zit3">蝶</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">》</span></span></span>。中國友誼出版公司。<a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/9787505713222" title="Special:書本來源/9787505713222"><bdi>9787505713222</bdi></a>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%8B%E8%AA%BC%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft.date=2007-07&rft.isbn=9787505713222&rft.au=%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%9B%EF%BC%8E%E5%8D%A1%E7%89%B9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bascombe, M. J., Johnston, G., & Bascombe, F. S. (1999). The Butterflies of Hong Kong. <i>TROPICAL LEPIDOPTERA</i>, 10(2), 68.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Reppert, Steven M.; Zhu, Haisun; White, Richard H. (2004). "Polarized light Helps Monarch Butterflies Navigate". <i>Current Biology</i>. 14 (2): 155–158.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sauman, Ivo; Briscoe, Adriana D.; Zhu, Haisun; Shi, Dingding; Froy, Oren; Stalleicken, Julia; Yuan, Quan; Casselman, Amy; Reppert, Steven M.; et al. (2005). "Connecting the Navigational Clock to Sun Compass Input in Monarch Butterfly Brain". <i>Neuron</i>. 46 (3): 457-467.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://monarchlab.org/?/biology-and-research/biology-and-natural-history/global-distribution">Global Distribution</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">互聯網檔案館</a>嘅<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190112121733/https://monarchlab.org/?%2Fbiology-and-research%2Fbiology-and-natural-history%2Fglobal-distribution">歸檔</a>，歸檔日期2019年1月12號，.". <i>Monarch Lab</i>. Retrieved 9 September 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hirota, Tadao; Yoshiomi, Yoshiomi (2004). "Color Discrimination on Orientation of Female Eurema hecabe (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)". <i>Applied Entomology and Zoology</i>. 39 (2): 229–233.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kinoshita, Michiyo; Shimada, Naoko; Arikawa, Kentaro (1999). "Color Vision of the Foraging Swallowtail Butterfly Papilio xuthus". <i>The Journal of Experimental Biology</i>. 202 (2): 95–102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-culin-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-culin_31-0">25.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-culin_31-1">25.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-culin_31-2">25.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-culin_31-3">25.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Culin, Joseph. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/animal/lepidopteran/Form-and-function">Lepidopteran: Form and function</a>". <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. Retrieved 8 September.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://australianmuseum.net.au/What-are-the-differences-between-butterflies-and-moths">WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS?</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Birch, M. C.; Poppy, G. M. (1990). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ento.psu.edu/publications/512BirchEtAl1990.pdf">Scents and Eversible Scent Structures of Male Moths</a>" (PDF). <i>Annual Review of Entomology</i>. 35: 25–58.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Swihart, S. L (1967). "Hearing in Butterflies". <i>Journal of Insect Physiology</i>. 13 (3): 469-472.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gullan2014-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-gullan2014_41-0">29.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-gullan2014_41-1">29.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-gullan2014_41-2">29.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-gullan2014_41-3">29.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-gullan2014_41-4">29.4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-gullan2014_41-5">29.5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-gullan2014_41-6">29.6</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Gullan, P. J.; Cranston, P. S. (2014). <i>The Insects: An Outline of Entomology</i> (5 ed.). Wiley. pp. 523–524.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Harpel, D.; Cullen, D. A.; Ott, S. R.; Jiggins, C. D.; Walters, J. R. (2015). "Pollen feeding proteomics: Salivary proteins of the passion flower butterfly, Heliconius melpomene". <i>Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</i>. 63: 7–13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-s1977-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-s1977_45-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Smart, Paul 1977. <i>The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World</i>, chapter 2. Chartwell Books. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/0890090939" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-89009-093-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-t2005-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-t2005_46-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Triplehorn, Charles A. and Johnson, Norman F. 2005. <i>Borror and Delong's introduction to the study of insects</i>. 7th ed, Thomson Brooks/Cole. Belmont, California, p578. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/0030968356" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-03-096835-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-woodbury199422-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-woodbury199422_49-0">33.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-woodbury199422_49-1">33.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Woodbury, Elton N. (1994). <i>Butterflies of Delmarva</i>. Delaware Nature Society; Tidewater Publishers. p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mason1927-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-mason1927_53-0">34.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-mason1927_53-1">34.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Mason, C. W. (1927). "Structural Colors in Insects. II". <i>The Journal of Physical Chemistry</i>. 31 (3): 321-354.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vukusic2000-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-vukusic2000_54-0">35.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-vukusic2000_54-1">35.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Vukusic, P.; J. R. Sambles & H. Ghiradella (2000). "Optical Classification of Microstructure in Butterfly Wing-scales". <i>Photonics Science News</i>. 6: 61-66.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Srygley, R. B.; Thomas, A. L. R. (2002). "Aerodynamics of Insect Flight: Flow Visualisations with Free Flying Butterflies Reveal a Variety of Unconventional Lift-Generating Mechanisms". <i>Nature</i>. 420 (6916): 660–664.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">P. Vukusic; J.R. Sambles; C.R. Lawrence & R.J. Wootton (1999). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716081623/http://newton.ex.ac.uk/research/emag/butterflies/pdf/Vukusic_Morpho.pdf">Quantified interference and diffraction in single Morpho butterfly scales</a>" (PDF). <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society B</i>. 266 (1427): 1403-11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ellers, J.; Boggs, Carol L. (2002). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.stanford.edu/group/CCB/Pubs/Boggs_pdfs/2002_Ellers_Boggs_Coliaswingcolor.pdf">The Evolution of Wing Color in Colias Butterflies: Heritability, Sex Linkage, and population divergence</a>" (PDF). <i>Evolution</i>. 56 (4): 836-840.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-61">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Prum, R.; Quinn, T.; Torres, R. (February 2006). "Anatomically Diverse Butterfly Scales all Produce Structural Colours by Coherent Scattering". <i>The Journal of Experimental Biology</i>. 209 (Pt 4): 748-65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-traut1997-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-traut1997_63-0">40.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-traut1997_63-1">40.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Traut, W.; Marec, F. (August 1997). "Sex Chromosome Differentiation in Some Species of Lepidoptera (Insecta)". <i>Chromosome Research: An International Journal on the Molecular, Supramolecular and Evolutionary Aspects of Chromosome Biology</i>. 5 (5): 283–91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFMonteiroPierce2001" class="citation journal cs1">Monteiro, A.; Pierce, N. E. (2001). "Phylogeny of Bicyclus (Lepidoptera : Nymphalidae) Inferred from COI, COII, and EF-1 Alpha Gene Sequences". <i>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</i>. <b>18</b> (2): 264–281. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fmpev.2000.0872">10.1006/mpev.2000.0872</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PMID_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PMID (identifier) (無呢版)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11161761">11161761</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Phylogenetics+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Phylogeny+of+Bicyclus+%28Lepidoptera+%3A+Nymphalidae%29+Inferred+from+COI%2C+COII%2C+and+EF-1+Alpha+Gene+Sequences&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=264-281&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1006%2Fmpev.2000.0872&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11161761&rft.aulast=Monteiro&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.au=Pierce%2C+N.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Italic or bold markup not allowed in: <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#apostrophe_markup" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-73">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naturemuseum.org/online/thebutterflylab/anatomy/larva.html">Peggy Notebaert Nature Museum</a>.<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">互聯網檔案館</a>嘅<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120319072020/http://www.naturemuseum.org/online/thebutterflylab/anatomy/larva.html">歸檔</a>，歸檔日期2012年3月19號，.. <i>Chicago Academy of Sciences</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-capinera2008-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-capinera2008_77-0">43.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-capinera2008_77-1">43.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-capinera2008_77-2">43.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-capinera2008_77-3">43.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-capinera2008_77-4">43.4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-capinera2008_77-5">43.5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-capinera2008_77-6">43.6</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Capinera, John L. (2008). <i>Encyclopedia of Entomology</i>. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 640.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-powell1987-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-powell1987_79-0">44.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-powell1987_79-1">44.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Powell, J. A. (1987). "Records of Prolonged Diapause in Lepidoptera". <i>J. Res. Lepid</i>. 25: 83–109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-81">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Capinera, John L. (2008). <i>Encyclopedia of Entomology</i>. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 676. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-83">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Beament, J.W.L.; Lal, R. (1957). "Penetration Through the Egg-shell of Pieris brassicae". <i>Bulletin of Entomological Research</i>. 48 (1): 109–125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-84">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170107044348/http://www.britishbutterflies.co.uk/winter.asp">"British Butterflies: Education: Butterflies in Winter"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishbutterflies.co.uk/winter.asp">原著</a>喺2017年1月7號歸檔<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺2018年5月11號搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+Butterflies%3A+Education%3A+Butterflies+in+Winter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishbutterflies.co.uk%2Fwinter.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-85">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.luontoportti.com/suomi/en/perhoset/camberwell-beauty">Camberwell Beauty</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">互聯網檔案館</a>嘅<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170421061806/http://www.luontoportti.com/suomi/en/perhoset/camberwell-beauty">歸檔</a>，歸檔日期2017年4月21號，..</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-88">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFVenkatesha,_M._G.Shashikumar,_L.Gayathri_Devi,_S.S.2004" class="citation journal cs1">Venkatesha, M. G.; Shashikumar, L.; Gayathri Devi, S.S. (2004). "Protective Devices of the Carnivorous Butterfly, <i>Spalgis epius</i> (Westwood) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)". <i>Current Science</i>. <b>87</b> (5): 571–572.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Science&rft.atitle=Protective+Devices+of+the+Carnivorous+Butterfly%2C+Spalgis+epius+%28Westwood%29+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Lycaenidae%29&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=571-572&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Venkatesha%2C+M.+G.&rft.au=Shashikumar%2C+L.&rft.au=Gayathri+Devi%2C+S.S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Italic or bold markup not allowed in: <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#apostrophe_markup" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-89">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Klowden, Marc J. (2013). <i>Physiological Systems in Insects</i>. Academic Press. p. 114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-91">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Oeneis-melissa">Melissa Arctic</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">互聯網檔案館</a>嘅<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191101215749/https://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Oeneis-melissa">歸檔</a>，歸檔日期2019年11月1號，.". <i>Butterflies and Moths of North America</i>. Retrieved 15 September 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-93">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brunetti, Craig R.; Selegue, Jayne E.; Monteiro, Antonia; French, Vernon; Brakefield, Paul M.; Carroll, Sean B. (2001). 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Rutgers University Press. p. 55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-118">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-do-male-butterflies-know-which-cradles-to-rob-18363242/">How Do Male Butterflies Know Which Cradles to Rob?</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-119">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Arikawa, Kentaro (2001). "Hindsight of Butterflies: The Papilio butterfly has light sensitivity in the genitalia, which appears to be crucial for reproductive behavior". <i>BioScience</i>. 51 (3): 219–225.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-121">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schlaepfer, Gloria G. (2006). <i>Butterflies</i>. Marshall Cavendish. p. 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-122">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://monarchlab.org/?/biology-and-research/biology-and-natural-history/parasites-natural-enemies">Parasites and Natural Enemies</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">互聯網檔案館</a>嘅<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170706025858/https://monarchlab.org/?%2Fbiology-and-research%2Fbiology-and-natural-history%2Fparasites-natural-enemies">歸檔</a>，歸檔日期2017年7月6號，.". <i>University of Minnesota</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-124">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Feltwell, J. (2012). <i>Large White Butterfly: The Biology, Biochemistry and Physiology of Pieris brassicae</i> (Linnaeus).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-125">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Feltwell, J. (2012). <i>Large White Butterfly: The Biology, Biochemistry and Physiology of Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus)</i>. Springer. pp. 401–.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-126">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Allen, Thomas J. (2005). <i>A Field Guide to Caterpillars</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nishida2002-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nishida2002_127-0">78.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nishida2002_127-1">78.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Nishida, Ritsuo (2002). 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Phylogenomics provides strong evidence for relationships of butterflies and moths. In <i>Proc. R. Soc. B</i> (Vol. 281, No. 1788, p. 20140970). The Royal Society.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-166">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Heikkilä, M., Kaila, L., Mutanen, M., Peña, C., & Wahlberg, N. (2012, March). Cretaceous origin and repeated tertiary diversification of the redefined butterflies. In <i>Proc. R. Soc. B</i> (Vol. 279, No. 1731, pp. 1093-1099). The Royal Society.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-174">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://read01.com/aAAQKz5.html#.WvZdBqSFPDc">廣東的蝴蝶王國：盈香生態園</a>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-175">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Glassberg, J. (1993). <i>Butterflies through binoculars: a field guide to butterflies in the Boston, New York, Washington region</i>. New York: Oxford University Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-176">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREF潘瑞輝_譚健聰2011" class="citation book cs1">潘瑞輝譚健聰 (2011年8月)。<span class="syu1ming4-b" aria-label="《鳳園生態系列－香港觀蝶入門手冊》"><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1zo2">《</span>鳳</span><span class="zit3">園生態系列－香港觀蝶入門手冊</span><span class="zit3"><span class="koen1jau6">》</span></span></span>。香港：大埔環保會鳳園蝴蝶保育區。<a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/978-988-15271-1-0" title="Special:書本來源/978-988-15271-1-0"><bdi>978-988-15271-1-0</bdi></a>。</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E9%B3%B3%E5%9C%92%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%EF%BC%8D%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%A7%80%E8%9D%B6%E5%85%A5%E9%96%80%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8A&rft.place=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF&rft.pub=%E5%A4%A7%E5%9F%94%E7%92%B0%E4%BF%9D%E6%9C%83+%E9%B3%B3%E5%9C%92%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6%E4%BF%9D%E8%82%B2%E5%8D%80&rft.date=2011-08&rft.isbn=978-988-15271-1-0&rft.au=%E6%BD%98%E7%91%9E%E8%BC%9D+%E8%AD%9A%E5%81%A5%E8%81%B0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-177">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Larsen, Torben (1994). "Butterflies of Egypt". <i>Saudi Aramco world</i>. 45 (5): 24–27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-179">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Miller, Mary (1993). <i>The Gods and Symbols of Ancient Mexico and the Maya</i>. Thames & Hudson.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-181">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Idema, W. L. (2010). <i>The Butterfly Lovers: The Legend of Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai: Four Versions with Related Texts</i>. Hackett Publishing.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-182">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hearn, Lafcadio (1904). <i>Kwaidan: Stories and Studies of Strange Things</i>. Dover.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-183">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">寄藤文平, 梁桂慈譯. 2010. 死嘅型錄：鬼才插畫家筆下嘅生命終點. 圓神出版社有限公司.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-186">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Van Rij, Jan (2001). <i>Madame Butterfly: Japonisme, Puccini, and the Search for the Real Cho-Cho-San</i>. Stone Bridge Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-191">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cantonese.sheik.co.uk/dictionary/words/46380/">崩沙</a> <i>CantoDict</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-192">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">順德縣誌.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-193">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">桑颂, & 軍晓航. (2012). ZHUANG WORD STRUCTURE. <i>Journal of Chinese Linguistics</i>, 56-83.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="拎"><span id=".E6.8B.8E"></span>拎</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9D%B4%E8%9D%B6&action=edit&section=42" title="編輯小節: 拎"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: var(--color-subtle, #555); font-size: 0.8em; position: relative; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="連到香港繁體網頁">（香港繁體）</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/tc/green/butterfly/index.html">香港市區公園嘅蝴蝶 - 物種同分類</a> - 康樂及埋文化事務署</li> <li><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: var(--color-subtle, #555); font-size: 0.8em; position: relative; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="連到香港繁體網頁">（香港繁體）</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hkcww.org/hkmoth_butterfly/">香港蛾蝶網</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: var(--color-subtle, #555); font-size: 0.8em; position: relative; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="連到臺灣正體網頁">（臺灣正體）</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.butterfly.org.tw/home.php">台灣蝴蝶保育學會</a></li> <li><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color: var(--color-subtle, #555); font-size: 0.8em; position: relative; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="連到英文網頁">（英文）</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/">Papilionoidea</a> - funet.fi</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="昆蟲綱（學名：Insecta）當中重要嘅現存目、科同屬" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" 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href="/wiki/%E7%BC%BA%E7%BF%85%E7%9B%AE" title="缺翅目">缺翅目</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%9A%E8%A0%8A%E7%9B%AE" title="蜚蠊目">蜚蠊目</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B1%E7%94%B4" title="曱甴">曱甴</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%9F%BB" title="白蟻">白蟻</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%9E%B3%E8%9E%82" title="螳螂">螳螂</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ACBFA3;width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E8%AE%8A%E6%85%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE" title="真變態總目">真<br />變<br />態<br />總<br />目</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ACBFA3;width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%96%E6%96%B0%E7%BF%85%E9%A1%9E" title="準新翅類">準新翅類</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%93%E8%9F%B2" title="囓蟲">囓蟲</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%9D%A8" title="蝨">蝨</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%96%8A%E9%A6%AC" title="薊馬">薊馬</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E7%BF%85%E7%9B%AE" title="半翅目">半翅目</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E8%9F%AC" title="沙蟬">蟬</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E8%9D%A8" title="木蝨">木蝨</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%9A%9C%E8%9F%B2" title="蚜蟲">蚜蟲</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%A0%85" title="水蠅">水蠅</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AD%E5%91%B3%E8%9F%B2" title="臭味蟲">臭味蟲</a>）</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ACBFA3;width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E7%94%9F%E7%BF%85%E9%A1%9E" title="內生翅類">內<br />生<br />翅<br />類</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%BB%E7%BF%85%E7%9B%AE" title="捻翅目">捻翅目</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ACBFA3;width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%86%9C%E7%BF%85%E7%9B%AE" title="膜翅目">膜翅目</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%9C%E8%9C%82" title="蜜蜂">蜜蜂</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E8%9C%82" title="黃蜂">黃蜂</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%9F%BB" title="蟻">蟻</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ACBFA3;width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E8%9F%B2" title="甲蟲">鞘翅目</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A2%E8%9F%B2" title="瓢蟲">瓢蟲</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%9E%A2%E7%81%AB%E8%9F%B2" title="螢火蟲">螢火蟲</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E9%BC%BB%E8%9F%B2" title="象鼻蟲">象鼻蟲</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%94%B2%E8%9F%B2" title="金甲蟲">金甲蟲</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%9C%E8%9F%B2" title="兜蟲">兜蟲</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%AC%E7%94%B2%E8%9F%B2" title="鍬甲蟲">鍬甲蟲</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%8E%E7%94%B2%E8%9F%B2" title="屎甲蟲">屎甲蟲</a>）</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ACBFA3;width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A0%8D%E8%9B%89%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE" title="蠍蛉總目">蠍蛉<br />總目</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ACBFA3;width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;text-align:center;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><b>吸吻類</b></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%B3%E8%9D%A8" title="跳蝨">跳蝨</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E7%BF%85%E7%9B%AE" title="雙翅目">雙翅目</a>（<a 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