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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Zaloguj się</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strony dla anonimowych edytorów <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Pierwsze_kroki" aria-label="Dowiedz się więcej na temat edytowania"><span>dowiedz się więcej</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:M%C3%B3j_wk%C5%82ad" title="Lista edycji wykonanych z tego adresu IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Edycje</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Moja_dyskusja" title="Dyskusja użytkownika dla tego adresu IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Spis treści" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Spis treści</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Początek</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Życiorys" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Życiorys"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Życiorys</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Życiorys-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dorobek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dorobek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dorobek</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dorobek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hans Richter (dyrygent)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 26 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1_(%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A)" title="هانس ريختر (موسيقي) – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هانس ريختر (موسيقي)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Ханс Рихтер – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ханс Рихтер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter" title="Hans Richter – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hans Richter" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter" title="Hans Richter – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hans Richter" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(dirigent)" title="Hans Richter (dirigent) – duński" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hans Richter (dirigent)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="duński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(Dirigent)" title="Hans Richter (Dirigent) – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hans Richter (Dirigent)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(conductor)" title="Hans Richter (conductor) – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hans Richter (conductor)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(director_de_orquesta)" title="Hans Richter (director de orquesta) – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hans Richter (director de orquesta)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_Richter" title="János Richter – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="János Richter" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_Richter_(orkestra_zuzendaria)" title="János Richter (orkestra zuzendaria) – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="János Richter (orkestra zuzendaria)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1_(%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1)" title="هانس ریشتر (رهبر ارکستر) – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هانس ریشتر (رهبر ارکستر)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(chef_d%27orchestre)" title="Hans Richter (chef d'orchestre) – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hans Richter (chef d'orchestre)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BD_%D5%8C%D5%AB%D5%AD%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Հանս Ռիխտեր – ormiański" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հանս Ռիխտեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ormiański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(direttore_d%27orchestra)" title="Hans Richter (direttore d'orchestra) – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hans Richter (direttore d'orchestra)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%A1_%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%98%D7%A8" title="הנס ריכטר – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הנס ריכטר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter_J%C3%A1nos" title="Richter János – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Richter János" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1_(%D9%85%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%86)" title="هانس ريختر (ملحن) – egipski arabski" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هانس ريختر (ملحن)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egipski arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(dirigent)" title="Hans Richter (dirigent) – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hans Richter (dirigent)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AA%E3%83%92%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC_(%E6%8C%87%E6%8F%AE%E8%80%85)" title="ハンス・リヒター (指揮者) – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハンス・リヒター (指揮者)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(dirigent)" title="Hans Richter (dirigent) – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hans Richter (dirigent)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter" title="Hans Richter – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hans Richter" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81_(%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B6%D1%91%D1%80)" title="Рихтер, Ханс (дирижёр) – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рихтер, Ханс (дирижёр)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter" title="Hans Richter – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hans Richter" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Richter_(dirigent)" title="Hans Richter (dirigent) – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hans Richter (dirigent)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81_%D0%A0%D1%96%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80_(%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Ганс Ріхтер (диригент) – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ганс Ріхтер (диригент)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9" title="汉斯·里希特 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="汉斯·里希特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q366147#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edytuj linki pomiędzy wersjami językowymi" class="wbc-editpage">Edytuj linki</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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.infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-ikona{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0;font-size:7px;max-width:40px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-tekst{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-1{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-2{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-3{font-style:italic;font-size:90%}</style><div class="iboxt-1">Hans Richter</div> </caption> <tbody><tr class="grafika iboxs"> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Hans_Richter_by_Barraud_c1880s.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hans Richter, ok. 1880"><img alt="Ilustracja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Hans_Richter_by_Barraud_c1880s.jpg/173px-Hans_Richter_by_Barraud_c1880s.jpg" decoding="async" width="173" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Hans_Richter_by_Barraud_c1880s.jpg/259px-Hans_Richter_by_Barraud_c1880s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Hans_Richter_by_Barraud_c1880s.jpg/346px-Hans_Richter_by_Barraud_c1880s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1238" data-file-height="1718" /></a></span><br />Hans Richter, ok. 1880 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Imię i nazwisko </th> <td> <p>Johann Baptist Isidor Richter </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Data i miejsce urodzenia </th> <td> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/4_kwietnia" title="4 kwietnia">4 kwietnia</a> <a href="/wiki/1843" title="1843">1843</a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/Gy%C5%91r" title="Győr">Győr</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Pochodzenie </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/W%C4%99grzy" title="Węgrzy">węgierskie</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Data i miejsce śmierci </th> <td> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/5_grudnia" title="5 grudnia">5 grudnia</a> <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/Bayreuth" title="Bayreuth">Bayreuth</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Gatunek_muzyczny" title="Gatunek muzyczny">Gatunki</a> </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Muzyka_powa%C5%BCna" title="Muzyka poważna">muzyka poważna</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Zawód </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Dyrygent" title="Dyrygent">dyrygent</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#f0cd8c; color:black; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #aaa;">Odznaczenia </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lewski_Order_Wiktoria%C5%84ski" title="Komandor Orderu Królewskiego Wiktoriańskiego (CVO)"><img alt="Komandor Orderu Królewskiego Wiktoriańskiego (CVO)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/UK_Royal_Victorian_Order_ribbon.svg/40px-UK_Royal_Victorian_Order_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/UK_Royal_Victorian_Order_ribbon.svg/60px-UK_Royal_Victorian_Order_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/UK_Royal_Victorian_Order_ribbon.svg/80px-UK_Royal_Victorian_Order_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lewski_Order_Wiktoria%C5%84ski" title="Porucznik Orderu Królewskiego Wiktoriańskiego (LVO)"><img alt="Porucznik Orderu Królewskiego Wiktoriańskiego (LVO)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/UK_Royal_Victorian_Order_ribbon.svg/40px-UK_Royal_Victorian_Order_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/UK_Royal_Victorian_Order_ribbon.svg/60px-UK_Royal_Victorian_Order_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/UK_Royal_Victorian_Order_ribbon.svg/80px-UK_Royal_Victorian_Order_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint plainlinks" style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; margin:0px; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; width:30px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hans_Richter_(conductor)" title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/31px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/42px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hans_Richter_(conductor)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hans Richter (conductor)">Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Hans Richter</b>, właśc. Johann Baptist Isidor Richter<sup id="cite_ref-baker_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker-1">[1]</a></sup> (ur. <a href="/wiki/4_kwietnia" title="4 kwietnia">4 kwietnia</a> <a href="/wiki/1843" title="1843">1843</a> w <a href="/wiki/Gy%C5%91r" title="Győr">Győrze</a>, zm. <a href="/wiki/5_grudnia" title="5 grudnia">5 grudnia</a> <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a> w <a href="/wiki/Bayreuth" title="Bayreuth">Bayreuth</a><sup id="cite_ref-baker_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>) – <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">austriacki</a> dyrygent pochodzenia węgierskiego. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Życiorys"><span id=".C5.BByciorys"></span>Życiorys</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(dyrygent)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Życiorys" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(dyrygent)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Życiorys"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pochodził z rodziny muzycznej, jego ojciec Anton Richter (1802–1854) był organistą i kapelmistrzem <a href="/wiki/Katedra_Wniebowzi%C4%99cia_Naj%C5%9Bwi%C4%99tszej_Maryi_Panny_w_Gy%C5%91r" title="Katedra Wniebowzięcia Najświętszej Maryi Panny w Győr">katedry w Győrze</a>, matka Josefine z d. Czasensky (1822–1892) śpiewaczką operową<sup id="cite_ref-baker_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. Jako dziecko uczył się gry na fortepianie, później także organach i kotłach<sup id="cite_ref-baker_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker-1">[1]</a></sup>. Po śmierci ojca w 1854 roku został posłany do <a href="/wiki/Wiede%C5%84" title="Wiedeń">Wiednia</a>, gdzie kształcił się w Löwenburg-Konvikt i śpiewał w kapeli nadwornej<sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. W latach 1860–1865 uczył się w <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A4t_f%C3%BCr_Musik_und_darstellende_Kunst_Wien" title="Universität für Musik und darstellende Kunst Wien">konserwatorium wiedeńskim</a> u <a href="/wiki/Simon_Sechter" title="Simon Sechter">Simona Sechtera</a> (teoria), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl_Heissler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl Heissler (strona nie istnieje)">Carla Heisslera</a> (skrzypce) i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Kleinecke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Kleinecke (strona nie istnieje)">Wilhelma Kleineckego</a> (róg)<sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. Jako dyrygent debiutował w 1865 roku w rodzinnym Győrze<sup id="cite_ref-baker_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker-1">[1]</a></sup>. </p><p>W 1866 roku poznał <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richarda Wagnera</a>, z którym nawiązał długoletnią przyjaźń i współpracę artystyczną, z jego polecenia został chórmistrzem (1867) i dyrygentem (1868) orkiestry Hof- und Nationaltheater w <a href="/wiki/Monachium" title="Monachium">Monachium</a>, a w latach 1871–1875 był kapelmistrzem teatru narodowego w <a href="/wiki/Peszt" title="Peszt">Peszcie</a><sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. Pełnił funkcję dyrygenta <a href="/wiki/Filharmonicy_Wiede%C5%84scy" title="Filharmonicy Wiedeńscy">Filharmoników Wiedeńskich</a> (1875–1898) i koncertów Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde (1880–1890) oraz dyrygenta orkiestry (1878–1893) i dyrektora muzycznego (1893–1897) wiedeńskiej <a href="/wiki/Opera_Wiede%C5%84ska" title="Opera Wiedeńska">Hofoper</a><sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. Dyrygował <a href="/wiki/Bruksela" title="Bruksela">brukselską</a> premierą <i><a href="/wiki/Lohengrin_(opera)" title="Lohengrin (opera)">Lohengrina</a></i> w 1870 roku<sup id="cite_ref-baker_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. Brał udział w organizacji <a href="/wiki/Festiwal_w_Bayreuth" title="Festiwal w Bayreuth">festiwalu w Bayreuth</a>, angażował do niego śpiewaków i instrumentalistów, a na inauguracji festiwalu w 1876 roku dyrygował prapremierowym wykonaniem tetralogii <i><a href="/wiki/Pier%C5%9Bcie%C5%84_Nibelunga" title="Pierścień Nibelunga">Pierścień Nibelunga</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. </p><p>Od 1877 roku odbywał podróże koncertowe do <a href="/wiki/Wielka_Brytania" title="Wielka Brytania">Wielkiej Brytanii</a>, popularyzując muzykę Wagnera<sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. W latach 1879–1897 dyrygował Orchestral Festival Concerts w <a href="/wiki/Londyn" title="Londyn">Londynie</a>, w latach 1885–1911 prowadził także festiwale w <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a><sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. Od 1899 do 1911 roku dyrygował orkiestrą <a href="/wiki/The_Hall%C3%A9" title="The Hallé">The Hallé</a>, a od 1904 do 1911 roku <a href="/wiki/London_Symphony_Orchestra" title="London Symphony Orchestra">London Symphony Orchestra</a><sup id="cite_ref-baker_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. W latach 1903–1910 przygotował serię przedstawień oper Wagnera w <a href="/wiki/Covent_Garden_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Covent Garden Theatre">Covent Garden Theatre</a><sup id="cite_ref-baker_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. Otrzymał <a href="/wiki/Doktor_honoris_causa" title="Doktor honoris causa">doktoraty honoris causa</a> uniwersytetów w <a href="/wiki/Oksford" title="Oksford">Oksfordzie</a> (1885) i <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchesterze</a> (1902)<sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. Odznaczony krzyżem oficerskim (1904) i komandorskim (1907) <a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lewski_Order_Wiktoria%C5%84ski" title="Królewski Order Wiktoriański">Królewskiego Orderu Wiktoriańskiego</a><sup id="cite_ref-baker_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker-1">[1]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dorobek">Dorobek</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(dyrygent)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Dorobek" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(dyrygent)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Dorobek"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ceniony był przede wszystkim jako interpretator dzieł <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richarda Wagnera</a><sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. W swojej działalności dyrygenckiej wykorzystywał swoją umiejętność gry na wielu instrumentach, umożliwiającą mu stawianie muzykom wysokich wymagań<sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. Miał doskonałą pamięć muzyczną, podczas jednego z przedstawień <i><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Apiewacy_norymberscy" title="Śpiewacy norymberscy">Śpiewaków norymberskich</a></i> w 1868 roku zastąpił chorego śpiewaka, a podczas prawykonania <i>Idylli Zygfryda</i> w 1870 roku wykonał partie trąbki i altówki<sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. </p><p>Oprócz dzieł Wagnera dyrygował także operami <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart" title="Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart">Mozarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Cherubini" title="Luigi Cherubini">Cherubiniego</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Bellini" title="Vincenzo Bellini">Belliniego</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Donizettiego</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Verdiego</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Auber" title="Daniel Auber">Aubera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georges_Bizet" title="Georges Bizet">Bizeta</a> i <a href="/wiki/Charles_Gounod" title="Charles Gounod">Gounoda</a><sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. Propagował twórczość <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Johannesa Brahmsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anton_Bruckner" title="Anton Bruckner">Antona Brucknera</a> i <a href="/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák">Antonína Dvořáka</a>, dyrygował prawykonaniami II (1877) i III (1883) symfonii Brahmsa oraz IV (1881) i VIII (1892) symfonii Brucknera<sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. Dvořák zadedykował Richterowi swoją <i>VI Symfonię</i>, a <a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar" title="Edward Elgar">Edward Elgar</a> swoją <i>I Symfonię</i>, Richter z kolei poprowadził premierowe wykonania utworów Elgara: <i>Enigma Variations</i> (1899) i <i>The Dream of Gerontius</i> (1900)<sup id="cite_ref-encmuz_2-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encmuz-2">[2]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(dyrygent)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(dyrygent)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-baker-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-baker_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-baker_1-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-baker_1-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-baker_1-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-baker_1-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-baker_1-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-baker_1-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-baker_1-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-baker_1-8">i</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Baker’s Biographical Dictionary of Musicians</i>. T. Volume 5 Pisc–Stra. New York: Schirmer Books, 2001, s. 2980–2981. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/0028655303" title="Specjalna:Książki/0028655303">ISBN <span class="isbn">0-02-865530-3</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Baker%E2%80%99s+Biographical+Dictionary+of+Musicians&rft.pub=Schirmer+Books&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=2980%E2%80%932981&rft.isbn=0-02-865530-3"></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-encmuz-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-8">i</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-9">j</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-10">k</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-11">l</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-12">m</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-13">n</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-14">o</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-15">p</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-16">q</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-17">r</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encmuz_2-18">s</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Encyklopedia Muzyczna PWM</i>. T. 8. Część biograficzna pe–r. Kraków: Polskie Wydawnictwo Muzyczne, 2004, s. 383–384. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9788322408377" title="Specjalna:Książki/9788322408377">ISBN <span class="isbn">978-83-224-0837-7</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyklopedia+Muzyczna+PWM&rft.pub=Polskie+Wydawnictwo+Muzyczne&rft.place=Krak%C3%B3w&rft.pages=383%E2%80%93384&rft.isbn=978-83-224-0837-7"></span></cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74016753">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-p"><div><a 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href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/118744984">118744984</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale" title="Bibliothèque nationale">BnF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13927605m">13927605m</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_Universitaire_de_Documentation" title="Système Universitaire de Documentation">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/078617065">078617065</a></span></li><li><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servizio_bibliotecario_nazionale" class="extiw" title="it:Servizio bibliotecario nazionale">SBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.sbn.it/af/MUSV055297">MUSV055297</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Republiki_Czeskiej" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Republiki Czeskiej">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/kup19960000082646">kup19960000082646</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hiszpa%C5%84ska_Biblioteka_Narodowa" title="Hiszpańska Biblioteka Narodowa">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1589974">XX1589974</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Holenderska_Biblioteka_Narodowa" title="Holenderska Biblioteka Narodowa">NTA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/doc/thes/p071088113">071088113</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/BIBSYS" title="BIBSYS">BIBSYS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90811949">90811949</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">OBIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/52434">52434</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Izraela" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Izraela">J9U</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007273285205171">987007273285205171</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="normdaten-andere"><div><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_internetowa" title="Encyklopedia internetowa">Encyklopedie internetowe</a>:</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_PWN_(internetowa)" title="Encyklopedia PWN (internetowa)">PWN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3967778.html">3967778</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_Britannica" title="Encyklopedia Britannica">Britannica</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hans-Richter-Hungarian-conductor">biography/Hans-Richter-Hungarian-conductor</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Treccani</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/hans-richter_res-dcd13c6d-86d8-11dc-9a1b-0016357eee51">hans-richter_res-dcd13c6d-86d8-11dc-9a1b-0016357eee51</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wielka_Encyklopedia_Rosyjska" title="Wielka Encyklopedia Rosyjska">БРЭ</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/3511189">3511189</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Store_norske_leksikon" title="Store norske leksikon">SNL</a>: <span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=4342&url_prefix=https://snl.no/&id=Hans_Richter_-_dirigent">Hans_Richter_-_dirigent</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visuotin%C4%97_lietuvi%C5%B3_enciklopedija" title="Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija">VLE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/hans-richter/">hans-richter</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P1296" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P1296">Catalana</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0055530.xml">0055530</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Źródło: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(dyrygent)&oldid=73133412">https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hans_Richter_(dyrygent)&oldid=73133412</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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