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href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ms"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Suapan Atom Wikisumber" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Perubahan_terkini&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="ext-discussiontools-replytool-enabled ext-discussiontools-newtopictool-enabled ext-discussiontools-sourcemodetoolbar-enabled skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-4 ns-subject mw-editable page-Wikisumber_Indeks rootpage-Wikisumber_Indeks skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Pergi ke kandungan</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tapak"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu utama" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu utama</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu utama</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pandu arah </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Laman_Utama" title="Kunjungi laman utama [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Laman utama</span></a></li><li id="n-randomwork" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:RandomRootpage/Main"><span>Karya rawak</span></a></li><li id="n-randomauthor" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:RandomRootpage/Author"><span>Pengarang rawak</span></a></li><li id="n-randomindex" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:RandomRootpage/Index"><span>Transkripsi rawak</span></a></li><li id="n-allpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Semua_laman"><span>Semua laman</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Untuk penyunting </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-scriptorium" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikisumber:Kedai_Kopi"><span>Pusat perbincangan</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikisumber:Portal_masyarakat" title="Tentang projek, perkara yang anda dapat lakukan, tempat untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Gerbang komuniti</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_terkini" title="Senarai perubahan terkini dalam wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terkini</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-help" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-help" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bantuan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Berkenaan-ciri-asas" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Contents/ms"><span>Berkenaan ciri asas</span></a></li><li id="n-about" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikisumber:Berkenaan_Wikisumber"><span>Berkenaan wiki ini</span></a></li><li id="n-subjectindex" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikisumber:Indeks"><span>Gerbang indeks</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-do" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-do emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pilihan paparan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cari Wikisumber" aria-label="Cari Wikisumber" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari Wikisumber [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Khas:Cari"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Alat peribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Tukar penampilan saiz, lebar dan warna fon laman" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Penampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Penampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=ms.wikisource.org&uselang=ms" class=""><span>Derma</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buka_akaun&returnto=Wikisumber%3AIndeks" title="Anda digalakkan untuk membuka akaun dan melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ianya tidak wajib" class=""><span>Buka akaun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Log_masuk&returnto=Wikisumber%3AIndeks" title="Anda digalakkan untuk melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ia tidak wajib. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log masuk</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Lebih pilihan" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alat peribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alat peribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=ms.wikisource.org&uselang=ms"><span>Derma</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Buka_akaun&returnto=Wikisumber%3AIndeks" title="Anda digalakkan untuk membuka akaun dan melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ianya tidak wajib"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buka akaun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:Log_masuk&returnto=Wikisumber%3AIndeks" title="Anda digalakkan untuk melog masuk; walau bagaimanapun, ia tidak wajib. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log masuk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Laman untuk penyunting log keluar <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengenalan" aria-label="Ketahui lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>Ketahui lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumbangan_saya" title="Senarai suntingan yang dibuat daripada alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Sumbangan</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perbincangan_saya" title="Perbincangan mengenai penyuntingan daripada alamat IP anda [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tapak"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Kandungan" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kandungan</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Permulaan</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Karya_dan_pengarang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karya_dan_pengarang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Karya dan pengarang</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Karya_dan_pengarang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Komuniti_dan_maklumat_Wikisumber" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komuniti_dan_maklumat_Wikisumber"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Komuniti dan maklumat Wikisumber</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Komuniti_dan_maklumat_Wikisumber-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Laman-laman_teknikal_dan_khas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Laman-laman_teknikal_dan_khas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Laman-laman teknikal dan khas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Laman-laman_teknikal_dan_khas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Wikisumber</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Indeks</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 16 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikisource.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1:%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="ويكي مصدر:فهرس – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكي مصدر:فهرس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%B8:%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%80" title="ৱিকিউৎস:সূচী – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৱিকিউৎস:সূচী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikisource.org/wiki/Vikim%C9%99nb%C9%99:Siyah%C4%B1" title="Vikimənbə:Siyahı – Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vikimənbə:Siyahı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Index" title="Wikisource:Index – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Wikisource:Index" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikisource.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87:%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="ویکی‌نبشته:فهرست – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌نبشته:فهرست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisumber:Indeks" title="Wikisumber:Indeks – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wikisumber:Indeks" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikisource.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%AC%B8%ED%97%8C:%EC%83%89%EC%9D%B8" title="위키문헌:색인 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키문헌:색인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikisource.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AE%E1%80%80%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9B%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA:%E1%80%A1%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BD%E1%80%BE%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဝီကီရင်းမြစ်:အညွှန်း – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဝီကီရင်းမြစ်:အညွှန်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikikilden:Indeks" title="Wikikilden:Indeks – Norway" lang="no" hreflang="no" data-title="Wikikilden:Indeks" data-language-autonym="Norsk" data-language-local-name="Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A4:%E0%A8%87%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8" title="ਵਿਕੀਸਰੋਤ:ਇੰਡੈਕਸ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਕੀਸਰੋਤ:ਇੰਡੈਕਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Index" title="Wikisource:Index – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wikisource:Index" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%83:%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="विकिस्रोतः:अनुक्रमणिका – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="विकिस्रोतः:अनुक्रमणिका" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B:%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="วิกิซอร์ซ:ดัชนี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิกิซอร์ซ:ดัชนี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikisource.org/wiki/Vikikaynak:Dizin" title="Vikikaynak:Dizin – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vikikaynak:Dizin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:M%E1%BB%A5c_l%E1%BB%A5c" title="Wikisource:Mục lục – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wikisource:Mục lục" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="Wikisource:索引 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Wikisource:索引" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13508744#sitelinks-wikisource" title="Sunting pautan antara bahasa" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-project" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikisumber:Indeks" title="Lihat laman projek [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Laman projek</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perbincangan_Wikisumber:Indeks&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Perbincangan mengenai laman kandungan (laman tidak wujud) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Perbincangan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tukar kelainan bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Melayu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Rupa"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikisumber:Indeks"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Indeks&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Indeks&action=history" title="Semakan terdahulu bagi laman ini [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Peralatan" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Peralatan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Peralatan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Lagi pilihan" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikisumber:Indeks"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Indeks&action=edit" title="Sunting kod sumber untuk laman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Indeks&action=history"><span>Lihat sejarah</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Pautan_ke_sini/Wikisumber:Indeks" title="Senarai semua laman wiki yang mengandungi pautan ke laman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pautan ke laman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Perubahan_berkaitan/Wikisumber:Indeks" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terkini bagi laman yang dipaut dari laman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan berkaitan</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ms" title="Muat naik fail [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Muat naik fail</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Laman_khas" title="Senarai semua laman khas [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Laman khas</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Indeks&oldid=12556" title="Pautan kekal ke semakan laman ini"><span>Pautan kekal</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Indeks&action=info" title="Maklumat lanjut mengenai laman ini"><span>Maklumat laman</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FWikisumber%3AIndeks"><span>Dapatkan URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fms.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FWikisumber%3AIndeks"><span>Muat turun kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/eksport </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khas:DownloadAsPdf&page=Wikisumber%3AIndeks&action=show-download-screen"><span>Muat turun sebagai PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Versi boleh cetak bagi laman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi boleh cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam projek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13508744" title="Pautan ke item repositori data yang bersambung [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Alatan laman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Penampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Penampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikisumber</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><div class="ws-noexport"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6641">.mw-parser-output .wst-process-header .wst-header-mainblock{border:1px solid #966;margin:4px auto 4px auto;background-color:#DCA}.mw-parser-output .wst-process-header .wst-header-title-text{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .wst-process-header .wst-header-notes{border-bottom:1px solid #A88;background-color:#FFFBFC}</style></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9101">.mw-parser-output .wst-header-mainblock{margin:4px auto 4px auto;padding:0 3px;display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-back,.mw-parser-output .wst-header-forward{display:flex;flex:1 4 100%;min-width:min-content;align-items:center;font-size:.9em}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-nav-empty{visibility:hidden}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-back{justify-content:flex-start;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-central-cell{flex:4 1 100%;max-width:max-content;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-forward{justify-content:flex-end;text-align:right}@media(max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .wst-header-mainblock{flex-wrap:wrap}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-central-cell{flex:0 0 100%;order:-2;width:auto}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-back,.mw-parser-output .wst-header-forward{width:auto}}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-notes{display:inline-block;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;empty-cells:hide;font-size:.9em;line-height:1.4;margin:0 auto 4px auto;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-left{float:left}</style><div class="ws-header wst-header-structure wst-unknown wst-process-header ws-header ws-noexport noprint"><div class="wst-header-mainblock wst-unknown-mainblock processheadertemplate"><div class="wst-header-back searchaux wst-unknown-back wst-header-nav-empty"><div class="wst-header-back-arrow">←</div><div class="wst-header-back-link"></div></div><div class="wst-header-central-cell wst-unknown-central-cell"><span class="wst-header-title wst-unknown-title"><span class="wst-header-title-text">Laman proses</span></span></div><div class="wst-header-forward searchaux wst-unknown-forward wst-header-nav-empty"><div class="wst-header-forward-link"></div><div class="wst-header-forward-arrow">→</div></div></div><div class="wst-header-notes header_notes searchaux wst-unknown-notes process_notes"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9105">.mw-parser-output .plainSister{display:block;font-size:93%;line-height:normal;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none;list-style-position:outside;border:1px solid #AAA;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5ex 0 0.5ex 0.5ex;padding:0;background:#FFFFFF}.mw-parser-output .sisicon,.mw-parser-output .dabicon{padding-right:1ex}</style><ul class="plainSister"><li class="sisitem"><span class="sisicon"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Wiki_Wikimedia" title="Khas:Wiki Wikimedia"><img alt="Sister Projects." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/18px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/27px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/36px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024"/></a></span></span><a href="/wiki/Khas:Wiki_Wikimedia" title="Khas:Wiki Wikimedia">projek kembar lain</a>: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13508744" class="extiw" title="d:Q13508744">item Wikidata</a>.</li></ul><div id="shortcut" class="noprint shortcut"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9097">.mw-parser-output .shortcut{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 .5em 1em;border:1px solid #999;padding:8px;background-color:#fff;text-align:center;font-size:smaller;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .shortcut>p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .shortcut.shortcut-floatright{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 .5em 1em}.mw-parser-output .shortcut.shortcut-floatleft{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em .5em 0}</style> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Jalan_pintas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikisumber:Jalan pintas (laman tidak wujud)">Jalan pintas</a>:<br/><a href="/wiki/Wikisumber:I" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikisumber:I">WS:I</a> </p> </div><div class="wst-header-content header_notes_content wst-header-notes-content wst-unknown-notes-content"> <p>Laman ini ialah indeks keseluruhan Wikisumber; mana-mana laman idealnya boleh dicapai secara langsung atau tidak langsung dari laman ini. </p><p><i>Sila ambil maklum bahawa indeks ini masih belum lengkap.</i> </p> </div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Karya_dan_pengarang" data-mw-thread-id="h-Karya_dan_pengarang"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Karya_dan_pengarang"></span>Karya dan pengarang<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Karya_dan_pengarang"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Indeks&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Karya dan pengarang"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:15em;">Pautan</th> <th>Keterangan </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Pengarang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikisumber:Pengarang (laman tidak wujud)">Pengarang</a> </td> <td>Portal aras tertinggi berkenaan senarai pengarang di Wikisumber. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikisumber:Karya" title="Wikisumber:Karya">Karya</a> </td> <td>Portal aras tertinggi berkenaan senarai karya di Wikisumber. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:Portal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:Portal (laman tidak wujud)">Portal</a> </td> <td>Senarai laman indeks yang disusun bawah laman portal yang berdasarkan bidang berkaitan di Wikisumber. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Komuniti_dan_maklumat_Wikisumber" data-mw-thread-id="h-Komuniti_dan_maklumat_Wikisumber"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Komuniti_dan_maklumat_Wikisumber"></span>Komuniti dan maklumat Wikisumber<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Komuniti_dan_maklumat_Wikisumber"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Indeks&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Komuniti dan maklumat Wikisumber"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:15em;">Pautan</th> <th>Keterangan </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikisumber:Berkenaan_Wikisumber" title="Wikisumber:Berkenaan Wikisumber">Berkenaan Wikisumber</a> </td> <td>Senarai laman maklumat berkaitan dengan Wikisumber. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikisumber:Indeks/Komuniti" title="Wikisumber:Indeks/Komuniti">Komuniti</a> </td> <td>Senarai laman berkaitan komuniti pengguna, termasuk laman perbincangan, senarai pengguna, serta laman-laman permintaan dan cadangan. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Esei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikisumber:Esei (laman tidak wujud)">Esei</a> </td> <td>Senarai laman berkaitan pandangan dan nasihat berkaitan Wikisumber. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Kandungan" title="Bantuan:Kandungan">Laman bantuan</a> </td> <td>Senarai laman pendokumenan dan bantuan. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikisumber:Dasar_dan_garis_panduan" title="Wikisumber:Dasar dan garis panduan">Dasar dan garis panduan</a> </td> <td>Senarai laman dasar dan garis panduan. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wikisumber:Sumber" title="Wikisumber:Sumber">Sumber</a> </td> <td>Senarai sumber-sumber berhak cipta umum (public-domain sources). </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Wikidata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikisumber:Wikidata (laman tidak wujud)">Wikidata</a> </td> <td>Berkenaan projek kembar, yakni bagaimana membuat pautan antara wiki dan pengaksesan data. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Laman-laman_teknikal_dan_khas" data-mw-thread-id="h-Laman-laman_teknikal_dan_khas"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Laman-laman_teknikal_dan_khas"></span>Laman-laman teknikal dan khas<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Laman-laman_teknikal_dan_khas"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Indeks&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bahagian: Laman-laman teknikal dan khas"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:15em;">Pautan</th> <th>Keterangan </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Senarai_laman/Alatan_dan_pengekodan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikisumber:Senarai laman/Alatan dan pengekodan (laman tidak wujud)">Alatan dan pengekodan</a> </td> <td>Alatan dan kaedah pengekodan yang bertujuan untuk mempertingkat, mempermudah atau menambah kefungsian untuk pelbagai aspek Wikisumber </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikisumber:Antara_wiki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikisumber:Antara wiki (laman tidak wujud)">Antara wiki</a> </td> <td>Proses yang melibatkan pengimportan kandungan daripada projek Wikimedia lain ke dalam Wikisumber </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Khas:Laman_khas" title="Khas:Laman khas">Laman khas</a> </td> <td>Laman utiliti khas yang dicipta dan diselenggara oleh perisian. 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