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class="nav-link">Geographical Distribution</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesco.sharepoint.com/sites/ms/en-US/SitePages/Home.aspx" class="nav-link">Extranet</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/conventionslist" class="nav-link">UNESCO's Conventions</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/permalink/PN-da8a42eb-160d-4c37-88cf-853a4f4f1792" class="nav-link">Azure Notes</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Directories</span><ul class="list-unstyled ms-3"><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://pax.unesco.org/countries/NationalCommissions.html" class="nav-link">National Commissions</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://pax.unesco.org/PermanentDelegations/PermanentDelegationsAllFR.html" class="nav-link">Permanent Delegations</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/hq-committee" class="nav-link">Headquarters Committee</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="http://core.unesco.org/" class="nav-link">Core Data Portal</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Statutory Documents</span><ul class="list-unstyled ms-3"><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/collections/governing-bodies/headquarters-committee" class="nav-link">Headquarters Commitee</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/collections/governing-bodies/general-conference" class="nav-link">General Conference documents</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/collections/governing-bodies/executive-board" class="nav-link">Executive Board documents</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000378083_eng" class="nav-link">Medium-Term Strategy for 2022-2029 (41 C/4)</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000389188" class="nav-link">Approved programme and budget 2024-2025 (42 C/5)</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Resources</span><ul class="list-unstyled ms-3"><li class="nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Documents</span><ul class="list-unstyled ms-3"><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/" class="nav-link">UNESDOC - Digital library</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="http://www.unesco.org/artcollection/jsps/welcome.jsp" class="nav-link">Art Collection</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/archives/multimedia/" class="nav-link">Multimedia archives</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/archives" class="nav-link">Archives</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://courier.unesco.org/en" class="nav-link">UNESCO Courier</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/131897504@N08/albums" class="nav-link">Official Photo Gallery</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/legal-affairs/basictexts" class="nav-link">Basic Texts</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">Databases and Statistics</span><ul class="list-unstyled ms-3"><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://core.unesco.org/en/home" class="nav-link">Core data portal</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/data-center" class="nav-link">More data</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/safety-journalists/observatory" class="nav-link">Observatory of killed Journalists</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="http://uis.unesco.org/" class="nav-link">UNESCO Institute for Statistics</a></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.education-inequalities.org/" class="nav-link">World Inequality Database on Education</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/classroom" class="nav-link dropdown-toggle">UNESCO Classroom</a><ul class="list-unstyled ms-3"><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/campus" class="nav-link">UNESCO Campus</a></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"> <a href="https://shop.unesco.org/en" class="nav-link">UNESCO Shop</a></li></ul></li></ul><div class="vocabulary--websites"><span class="title nav-link">All UNESCO websites</span><div class="right"><input aria-label="Search for a site or UNESCO entity" class="dynamic-search" placeholder="Search for a site or UNESCO entity" type="search" /><div class="wrapper-websites"><div data-letter="B" data-nid="419205" id="taxonomy-term-419205" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/biennaleluanda/2021/en" title="Biennale of Luanda" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Biennale of Luanda</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Pan-African Forum for the Culture of Peace</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="C" data-nid="426910" id="taxonomy-term-426910" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://core.unesco.org" title="Core Data Portal" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Core Data Portal</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Public access to information is a key component of UNESCO's commitment to transparency and its accountability.</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="D" data-nid="426556" id="taxonomy-term-426556" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/creativity/en" title="Diversity of Cultural Expressions (2005 Convention)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Diversity of Cultural Expressions (2005 Convention)</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Based on human rights and fundamental freedoms, the 2005 Convention ultimately provides <strong>a new framework for informed, transparent and </strong></p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="E" data-nid="423651" id="taxonomy-term-423651" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/interculturaldialogue/en" title="E-platform on Intercultural Dialogue" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">E-platform on Intercultural Dialogue</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>UNESCO’s e-Platform on intercultural dialogue is designed for organizations and individuals to learn from shared knowledge or experiences from infl</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="G" data-nid="434693" id="taxonomy-term-434693" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">GEM-reports</div></div></div><div data-letter="G" data-nid="423648" id="taxonomy-term-423648" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/gem-report/en" title="Global Education Monitoring Report (GEM Report)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Global Education Monitoring Report (GEM Report)</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Established in 2002, the GEM Report is an editorially independent report, hosted and published by UNESCO.</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="I" data-nid="426122" id="taxonomy-term-426122" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/" title="Intangible Culture Heritage (ICH)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Intangible Culture Heritage (ICH)</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="I" data-nid="429335" id="taxonomy-term-429335" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO (IOC)</div></div></div><div data-letter="I" data-nid="434571" id="taxonomy-term-434571" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">International Decade of Sciences for Sustainable Development</div></div></div><div data-letter="I" data-nid="434394" id="taxonomy-term-434394" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">International Year of Glaciers</div></div></div><div data-letter="M" data-nid="419206" id="taxonomy-term-419206" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/mab/50anniversary/en" title="Man and the Biosphere - 50th Anniversary" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Man and the Biosphere - 50th Anniversary</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="R" data-nid="423647" id="taxonomy-term-423647" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/access-to-information/2021/en" title="Report on Public Access to Information (SDG 16.10.2) 2021" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Report on Public Access to Information (SDG 16.10.2) 2021</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>To recovery and beyond: The report takes stock of the global progress on the adoption and implementation of legal guarantees on Access to Info</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="R" data-nid="423806" id="taxonomy-term-423806" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/reshaping-creativity/2022/en" title="Reshaping Policies for Creativity - 2022 Report" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Reshaping Policies for Creativity - 2022 Report</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Addressing culture as a global public good</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="S" data-nid="419207" id="taxonomy-term-419207" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/science/2021/en" title="Science Report 2021" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">Science Report 2021</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="S" data-nid="432195" id="taxonomy-term-432195" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">Spotlight Children (GEM campaign)</div></div></div><div data-letter="T" data-nid="423658" id="taxonomy-term-423658" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://courier.unesco.org/en" title="The UNESCO Courier" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">The UNESCO Courier</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>For almost 75 years, <em>the UNESCO Courier</em> has served as a platform for international debates on issues that concern the entire pla</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="428474" id="taxonomy-term-428474" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/safety-journalists/2022/en" title="UNESCO Director-General's Report on the Safety of Journalists and the Danger of Impunity 2022" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO Director-General's Report on the Safety of Journalists and the Danger of Impunity 2022</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="419208" id="taxonomy-term-419208" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.uil.unesco.org/" title="UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL)</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Lifelong learning is key to overcoming global challenges and to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="434368" id="taxonomy-term-434368" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS)</div></div></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="428475" id="taxonomy-term-428475" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.ibe.unesco.org/" title="UNESCO International Bureau of Education" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO International Bureau of Education</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="423652" id="taxonomy-term-423652" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="http://www.iiep.unesco.org/" title="UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP)</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="425968" id="taxonomy-term-425968" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.iesalc.unesco.org/" title="UNESCO International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean (IESALC)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean (IESALC)</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="429336" id="taxonomy-term-429336" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.iicba.unesco.org/en" title="UNESCO's International Institute for Capacity Building in Africa (IICBA)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO's International Institute for Capacity Building in Africa (IICBA)</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="418330" id="taxonomy-term-418330" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org" title="UNESCO.org" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESCO.org</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Main UNESCO website</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="U" data-nid="424690" id="taxonomy-term-424690" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/" title="UNESDOC" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">UNESDOC</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>UNESCO Digital Library website.</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="W" data-nid="419210" id="taxonomy-term-419210" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://whc.unesco.org/" title="World Heritage Convention (WHC)" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">World Heritage Convention (WHC)</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="W" data-nid="423642" id="taxonomy-term-423642" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/world-media-trends/2021/en" title="World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development - Global Report 2021-2022" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development - Global Report 2021-2022</div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="W" data-nid="433913" id="taxonomy-term-433913" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"><div class="content"><div class="title">World Water Development Report</div></div></div><div data-letter="W" data-nid="419204" id="taxonomy-term-419204" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="http://www.unesco.org/reports/wwdr/2021/en" title="World Water Development Report 2021" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">World Water Development Report 2021</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The Value of water</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="W" data-nid="423807" id="taxonomy-term-423807" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/wwdr/2022/en" title="World Water Development Report 2022" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">World Water Development Report 2022</div><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Groundwater, making the invisible visible</p></div></div> </a></div><div data-letter="W" data-nid="433448" id="taxonomy-term-433448" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-websites"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/reports/wwdr/2023/en" title="World Water Development Report 2023" target="_blank"><div class="content"><div class="title">World Water Development Report 2023</div></div> </a></div></div></div></div> </nav></div></div></div><div class="dropdown block block-unesco-common block-unesco-commonlanguage-blocklanguage-interface col-lg-1 col-md-12" id="block-languageswitcher"><div data-block="header"><button class="btn btn-link btn-link-white dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown-menu" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">English</button><div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton"><ul class="language-switcher-language-url"><li hreflang="en" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72431" class="is-active" aria-current="page"><a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/about" class="language-link is-active" hreflang="en" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72431" aria-current="page">English</a></li><li hreflang="fr" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72431"><a href="/fr/iggp/geoparks/about" class="language-link" hreflang="fr" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72431">Français</a></li><li hreflang="es" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72431"><a href="/es/iggp/geoparks/about" class="language-link" hreflang="es" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72431">Español</a></li><li hreflang="zh" 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navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav"><ul data-region="sub_header" data-block="sub_header" class="menu nav navbar-nav menu-level-0"><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown-menu" title="Expand menu Expertise">Expertise</span><div class="big menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-0 dropdown-menu bg-primary menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-level_0"><div class="row submenu-wrapper"><div class="left-wrapper col-lg-3 col-md-12"><div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">We bring people and nations together through education, culture and science.</div><div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden menu-links field__items"><div class="field__item menu-link"><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="https://www.unesco.org/en/brief">In brief </a></div><div class="field__item menu-link"><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="https://www.unesco.org/en/our-expertise">Fields of expertise</a></div></div></div><div class="right-wrapper col-lg-9 col-md-12"><div class="main-navigation collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav"><ul class="menu nav navbar-nav menu-level-1"><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/education" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/343">Education</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/education" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg.webp?itok=E-L8Amx4 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg.webp?itok=NDU1Mcnn 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg.webp?itok=DyPBy-9M 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg?itok=E-L8Amx4 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg?itok=NDU1Mcnn 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg?itok=DyPBy-9M 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-03/nav-xl_education.jpg?itok=DyPBy-9M" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Education</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/natural-sciences" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/348">Natural Sciences</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/natural-sciences" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg.webp?itok=vayDruKQ 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg.webp?itok=mTL5vj-L 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg.webp?itok=Qb9qCxtV 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg?itok=vayDruKQ 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg?itok=mTL5vj-L 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg?itok=Qb9qCxtV 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-12/GettyImages-658909968.jpg?itok=Qb9qCxtV" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Natural Sciences</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/social-human-sciences" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/355">Social and Human Sciences</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/social-human-sciences" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg.webp?itok=23MFaBf4 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg.webp?itok=Lbj-M5aq 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg.webp?itok=VP8k9teF 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg?itok=23MFaBf4 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg?itok=Lbj-M5aq 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg?itok=VP8k9teF 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-05/shshomepage_bjdega_1800px_0.jpg?itok=VP8k9teF" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Social and Human Sciences</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/culture" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/365">Culture</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/culture" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg.webp?itok=AXL34OZb 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg.webp?itok=msvmcaWM 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg.webp?itok=qeXpCAxZ 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg?itok=AXL34OZb 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg?itok=msvmcaWM 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg?itok=qeXpCAxZ 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-11/pexels-min-an-1313814_1.jpg?itok=qeXpCAxZ" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Culture</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/communication-information" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/370">Communication & Information</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/communication-information" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg.webp?itok=eJ-Ycr_I 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg.webp?itok=qvo5lSJk 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg.webp?itok=DHEQ5doq 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg?itok=eJ-Ycr_I 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg?itok=qvo5lSJk 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg?itok=DHEQ5doq 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/thumb-nav_ci_02.jpg?itok=DHEQ5doq" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Communication & Information</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/ocean" class="nav-link">Ocean</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/ocean" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg.webp?itok=P_U8h-4H 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg.webp?itok=7I-KYwOk 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg.webp?itok=iCaATAKz 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg?itok=P_U8h-4H 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg?itok=7I-KYwOk 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg?itok=iCaATAKz 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-02/nv-xl_ioc_01.png.jpg?itok=iCaATAKz" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Ocean</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/africa" class="nav-link">Priority Africa</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/africa" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg.webp?itok=wp3K69dY 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg.webp?itok=DeTGS2cv 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg.webp?itok=mrtF24gl 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg?itok=wp3K69dY 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg?itok=DeTGS2cv 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg?itok=mrtF24gl 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/groupe-afro-americains-travaillant-ensemble%20%281%29%20%281%29.jpg?itok=mrtF24gl" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Priority Africa</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/gender-equality" class="nav-link">Priority Gender Equality</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/gender-equality" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg.webp?itok=UIbtw61b 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg.webp?itok=avtgOocJ 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg.webp?itok=1Y6RMwwt 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg?itok=UIbtw61b 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg?itok=avtgOocJ 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg?itok=1Y6RMwwt 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-10/fitforlife_visual_1760px.jpg?itok=1Y6RMwwt" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Priority Gender Equality</span></div></a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown-menu" title="Expand menu Impact">Impact</span><div class="big menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-0 dropdown-menu bg-primary menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-level_0"><div class="row submenu-wrapper"><div class="left-wrapper col-lg-3 col-md-12"><div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">Discover UNESCO's impact around the world and the organisation's endeavour to build durable peace.</div><div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden menu-links field__items"><div class="field__item menu-link"><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="https://www.unesco.org/en/key-challenges">Key Challenges</a></div><div class="field__item menu-link"><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="https://www.unesco.org/en/achievements">Key Achievements</a></div></div></div><div class="right-wrapper col-lg-9 col-md-12"><div class="main-navigation collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav"><ul class="menu nav navbar-nav menu-level-1"><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/explore" class="nav-link">Interactive Map</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/explore" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg.webp?itok=JZXV0Heh 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg.webp?itok=X6cisev6 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg.webp?itok=ermTQwIo 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg?itok=JZXV0Heh 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg?itok=X6cisev6 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg?itok=ermTQwIo 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2024-02/mongolfi%C3%A8re_unesco.jpg?itok=ermTQwIo" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Interactive Map</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/lists-designations" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66210">Lists and designations</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/lists-designations" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg.webp?itok=Ct778Ps0 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg.webp?itok=_o_cx-TP 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg.webp?itok=pHZnN1QM 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg?itok=Ct778Ps0 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg?itok=_o_cx-TP 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg?itok=pHZnN1QM 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2021-10/machu%20pichu%20shutterstock.jpg?itok=pHZnN1QM" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Lists and designations</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="http://www.unesco.org/en/impact" class="nav-link">Presence Worldwide</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="http://www.unesco.org/en/impact" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg.webp?itok=dNA42rtj 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg.webp?itok=d7o-Aem- 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg.webp?itok=ypPzk8BT 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg?itok=dNA42rtj 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg?itok=d7o-Aem- 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg?itok=ypPzk8BT 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-05/2003_Convention.png.jpg?itok=ypPzk8BT" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Presence Worldwide</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66535">Standard setting & legal affairs</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/legal-affairs" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-09/tmb-nav-vert_normative-action.jpg.webp?itok=Q5e2K5r6 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-09/tmb-nav-vert_normative-action.jpg.webp?itok=y94-0zL9 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-09/tmb-nav-vert_normative-action.jpg.webp?itok=bXHjf7qO 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-09/tmb-nav-vert_normative-action.jpg?itok=Q5e2K5r6 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-09/tmb-nav-vert_normative-action.jpg?itok=y94-0zL9 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-09/tmb-nav-vert_normative-action.jpg?itok=bXHjf7qO 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-09/tmb-nav-vert_normative-action.jpg?itok=bXHjf7qO" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Standard setting & legal affairs</span></div></a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown-menu" title="Expand menu Publications">Publications</span><div class="big menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-0 dropdown-menu bg-primary menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-level_0"><div class="row submenu-wrapper"><div class="left-wrapper col-lg-3 col-md-12"><div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">UNESCO is the United Nations Laboratory of Ideas. Find the latest ideas, publications and reports.</div><div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden menu-links field__items"><div class="field__item menu-link"><a class="btn btn-secondary" href="https://www.unesco.org/en/ideas-data">Laboratory of Ideas</a></div></div></div><div class="right-wrapper col-lg-9 col-md-12"><div class="main-navigation collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav"><ul class="menu nav navbar-nav menu-level-1"><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/publications" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/67076">Publications</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/publications" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-03/shutterstock_268007354.jpg.webp?itok=5Up0MwQu 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source 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type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-03/shutterstock_268007354.jpg?itok=2T63_phA" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">Publications</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/data-center" class="nav-link">Global Reports </a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/data-center" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-02/hero_ideas-data_01.png.jpg.webp?itok=JYOGg8DP 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-02/hero_ideas-data_01.png.jpg.webp?itok=bAE5iJ0S 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-02/hero_ideas-data_01.png.jpg.webp?itok=BTzzxK5M 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2022-02/hero_ideas-data_01.png.jpg?itok=JYOGg8DP 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2022-02/hero_ideas-data_01.png.jpg?itok=bAE5iJ0S 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-02/hero_ideas-data_01.png.jpg?itok=BTzzxK5M 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2022-02/hero_ideas-data_01.png.jpg?itok=BTzzxK5M" width="327" 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1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="327" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-10/Header-UNESCO-v02-Shade.jpg?itok=rEdWa-K5 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-10/Header-UNESCO-v02-Shade.jpg?itok=2zjGq4fD 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="163" height="216"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/Header-UNESCO-v02-Shade.jpg?itok=zuaF1nbk 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2023-10/Header-UNESCO-v02-Shade.jpg?itok=zuaF1nbk" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">The UNESCO Courier</span></div></a></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/" class="nav-link">UNESDOC</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2024-02/Call%20for%20nomination%20jikji%20memory%20of%20the%20world%20Prize%20shutterstock.PNG.webp?itok=f3umoST7 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2024-02/Call%20for%20nomination%20jikji%20memory%20of%20the%20world%20Prize%20shutterstock.PNG.webp?itok=ueseJVrF 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source 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(max-width: 575px)" type="image/png" width="327" height="144"/> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_mobile/public/2024-02/Call%20for%20nomination%20jikji%20memory%20of%20the%20world%20Prize%20shutterstock.PNG?itok=jgJ-TZX_" width="327" height="144" alt="" loading="lazy" class="img-fluid" /> </picture><span class="submenu-text">UNESDOC</span></div></a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></li><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <span class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown-menu" title="Expand menu Watch & Listen">Watch & Listen</span><div class="big menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-0 dropdown-menu bg-primary menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-level_0"><div class="row submenu-wrapper"><div class="left-wrapper col-lg-3 col-md-12"><div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">Discover our audiovisual content, listen to our experts, and the great voices invited to UNESCO throughout history.</div></div><div class="right-wrapper col-lg-9 col-md-12"><div class="main-navigation collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarNav"><ul class="menu nav navbar-nav menu-level-1"><li class="menu-item nav-item"> <a href="/en/studio" class="nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1048">UNESCO Studio</a><div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-level-1 level-1-submenu"> <a href="/en/studio" class="submenu"><div class="submenu-big card card-overlay"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_desktop/public/2023-02/nav-xl_studio_01.jpg.webp?itok=Xgefsj7b 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="200" height="264"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/submenu_tablet/public/2023-02/nav-xl_studio_01.jpg.webp?itok=0CYGVea0 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="163" height="216"/> <source 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</nav></div><div id="block-unesco-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block"> <article class="node--view-mode-full media-small node node--type-page node--promoted" data-terms-tags="422936 423614 423619 425816 423817 421386" data-terms-univers="422936" data-terms-sdg="419367" data-letter="U" data-nid="72431"> <article data-terms-tags="422936 423619 425816 425817 430467 422068 421386 423817" data-terms-univers="422936" data-terms-sdg="419367" data-letter="I" data-nid="67817" class="node node--type-structured-data-hub node--promoted node--view-mode-header"><div class="node__content"><div class="header-hub"><div class="hero-wrapper"><div class="field field--name-field-ref-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-banner"><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_desktop/public/2022-09/VIet-Nam_10_Phong_Nam_panorama_credit_Pham_Ngoc_Khoa_web.jpg.webp?itok=GdeSUa2E 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="1920" height="792"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_tablet/public/2022-09/VIet-Nam_10_Phong_Nam_panorama_credit_Pham_Ngoc_Khoa_web.jpg.webp?itok=MTIc_trN 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="800" height="406"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_mobile/public/2022-09/VIet-Nam_10_Phong_Nam_panorama_credit_Pham_Ngoc_Khoa_web.jpg.webp?itok=nwMNHCkI 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="400" height="512"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_desktop/public/2022-09/VIet-Nam_10_Phong_Nam_panorama_credit_Pham_Ngoc_Khoa_web.jpg?itok=GdeSUa2E 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1920" height="792"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_tablet/public/2022-09/VIet-Nam_10_Phong_Nam_panorama_credit_Pham_Ngoc_Khoa_web.jpg?itok=MTIc_trN 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="800" height="406"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_mobile/public/2022-09/VIet-Nam_10_Phong_Nam_panorama_credit_Pham_Ngoc_Khoa_web.jpg?itok=nwMNHCkI 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="400" height="512"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/banner_mobile/public/2022-09/VIet-Nam_10_Phong_Nam_panorama_credit_Pham_Ngoc_Khoa_web.jpg?itok=nwMNHCkI" width="400" height="512" alt="Phong nam panorama in the Cao Bang UNESCO Global Geopark, Viet Nam" class="img-fluid" /> </picture></div><div class="field field--name-field-copyright field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">© Pham Ngoc Khoa</div></div></div><div class="header-texts"><div><a href="/en/iggp" class="title" hreflang="en">International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme</a></div></div></div><div class="hub-menu-header hub-header-67817"><ul class="menu menu-lvl1"><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp" hreflang="en">Home</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en" data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>">International Geoscience Programme</a><div class="lvl1-wrapper"><ul class="menu menu-lvl2"><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/igcp" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72494">About</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/igcp-projects" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/68234">Projects</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/igcp/sdgs" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/88578">Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <span>Governance</span><ul class="menu menu-lvl3"><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/igcp-council" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/79944">Council</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/igcp/national-committees" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72495">National Committees</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en" data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>">UNESCO Global Geoparks</a><div class="lvl1-wrapper"><ul class="menu menu-lvl2"><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/about" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72431" class="is-active" aria-current="page">What is a geopark?</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/geoparks" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72444">List of geoparks & networks</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/proposals" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72451">Submit a geopark proposal</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/revalidation" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72448">Revalidation, extension and renaming</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/applications" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/77979">New applications</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/logo" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/86382">Logo</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/evaluators" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/132772">Information for site evaluators</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item--expanded"> <span>Governance</span><ul class="menu menu-lvl3"><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/council" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/84279">Council </a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/committees" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/72435">National Committees</a></li></ul></li><li class="icon-external menu-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/iggp/geoparks/oewg">Working Group on the review of the Operational Guidelines </a></li></ul></div></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/days/geodiversity" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/66724">International Geodiversity Day</a></li><li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/iggp/secretariat" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/103857">Secretariat</a></li></ul></div></div></div> </article><div class="node__content"><div class="main-node-content"><div class="content-header"><h1 class="title article-title">UNESCO Global Geoparks</h1></div><div class="content-narrow"><div class="last-update"><span>Last update:</span><span>27 March 2024</span></div><aside class="content-summary summary-simple page"><div class="item-list"><h3>Summary</h3><ul><li class="summary-item"><a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/about#what-is-a-unesco-global-geopark" class="summary-link">What is a UNESCO Global Geopark?</a></li><li class="summary-item"><a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/about#operational-guidelines-for-unesco-global-geoparks" class="summary-link">Operational Guidelines for UNESCO Global Geoparks</a></li><li class="summary-item"><a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/about#fundamental-features" class="summary-link">Fundamental features</a></li><li class="summary-item"><a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/about#global-geoparks-network-ggn" class="summary-link">Global Geoparks Network (GGN)</a></li><li class="summary-item"><a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/about#main-focus-areas" class="summary-link">Main focus areas</a></li><li class="summary-item"><a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/about#unesco-designated-sites" class="summary-link">UNESCO designated sites</a></li></ul></div></aside><div class="field field--name-field-paragraphs field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"><div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--rich-text paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGp) are single, unified geographical areas where sites and landscapes of international geological significance are managed with a holistic concept of protection, education and sustainable development. Their bottom-up approach of combining conservation with sustainable development while involving local communities is becoming increasingly popular. At present, there are <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/iggp/geoparks#full-list-of-unesco-global-geoparks">213 UNESCO Global Geoparks</a> in 48 countries. </p></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph-simple paragraph paragraph--type--text-media-full paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="js-slider-full field field--name-field-slides field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"><div class="field__item"><div class="slide left"><div class="wrapper-infos"><div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">UNESCO Global Geoparks</div><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>celebrate the links between geological heritage and all other types of heritage </p></div></div><div class="wrapper-image"><div class="field field--name-field-ref-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-full-size"><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_desktop/public/2022-12/Ganlu%20Temple.jpg.webp?itok=rRDZV_6l 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="1440" height="1100"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Ganlu%20Temple.jpg.webp?itok=Px8X8Wmp 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="375" height="624"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Ganlu%20Temple.jpg.webp?itok=Px8X8Wmp 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="375" height="624"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_desktop/public/2022-12/Ganlu%20Temple.jpg?itok=rRDZV_6l 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1440" height="1100"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Ganlu%20Temple.jpg?itok=Px8X8Wmp 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="375" height="624"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Ganlu%20Temple.jpg?itok=Px8X8Wmp 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="375" height="624"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Ganlu%20Temple.jpg?itok=Px8X8Wmp" width="375" height="624" alt="Ganlu Temple © Taining UNESCO Global Geopark" class="img-fluid" /> </picture></div></div><div class="media--copyright field field--name-field-copyright field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Taining UNESCO Global Geopark</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="what-is-a-unesco-global-geopark" class="paragraph paragraph--type--rich-text paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>What is a UNESCO Global Geopark?</h2></div><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>UNESCO Global Geoparks are single, unified geographical areas where sites and landscapes of international geological significance are managed with a holistic concept of protection, education and sustainable development. A UNESCO Global Geopark uses its geological heritage, in connection with all other aspects of the area’s natural and cultural heritage, to enhance awareness and understanding of key issues facing society, such as using our earth’s resources sustainably, mitigating the effects of climate change and reducing natural hazard-related risks.</p><p>By raising awareness of the importance of the area’s geological heritage in history and society today, UNESCO Global Geoparks give local people a sense of pride in their region and strengthen their identification with the area. The creation of innovative local enterprises, new jobs and high-quality training courses is stimulated as new sources of revenue are generated through geotourism, while the geological resources of the area are protected.</p><h3>A bottom-up approach</h3><p>UNESCO Global Geoparks empower local communities and give them the opportunity to develop cohesive partnerships with the common goal of promoting the area’s significant geological processes, features, periods of time, historical themes linked to geology, or outstanding geological beauty. UNESCO Global Geoparks are established through a bottom-up process involving all relevant local and regional stakeholders and authorities in the area (e.g. landowners, community groups, tourism providers, indigenous people, and local organizations). This process requires firm commitment by the local communities, a strong local multiple partnership with long-term public and political support, and the development of a comprehensive strategy that will meet all of the communities’ goals while showcasing and protecting the area’s geological heritage.</p><h3>Do they focus exclusively on geology?</h3><p>While a UNESCO Global Geopark must demonstrate geological heritage of international significance, the purpose of a UNESCO Global Geopark is to explore, develop and celebrate the links between that geological heritage and all other aspects of the area's natural, cultural and intangible heritages. It is about reconnecting human society at all levels to the planet we all call home and to celebrate how our planet and its 4,600 million year long history has shaped every aspect of our lives and our societies.</p><h3>Is the designation permanent?</h3><p>UNESCO Global Geoparks are given this designation for a period of four years after which the functioning and quality of each UNESCO Global Geopark is thoroughly re-examined during a revalidation process. As part of this process, the UNESCO Global Geopark under review prepares a progress report, and a field mission is undertaken by two evaluators to assess the quality of the UNESCO Global Geopark.</p><ul><li>If, on the basis of the field evaluation report, the UNESCO Global Geopark continues to fulfill the criteria, the area will continue as a UNESCO Global Geopark for a further four-year period (so-called “green card”).</li><li>If the area no longer fulfills the criteria, the management body will be informed to take appropriate steps within a two-year period (so-called “yellow card”).</li><li>Should the UNESCO Global Geopark not fulfill the criteria within two years after receiving a “yellow card”, the area will lose its status as a UNESCO Global Geopark (so-called “red card”).</li></ul></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="list-of-unesco-global-geoparks" class="bg-gray paragraph-simple paragraph paragraph--type--cta paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="cta-media-wrapper"><div class="field field--name-field-ref-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-thumbnail-cta"><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square_144/article/2023-05/Fossil_Hunting_Educational_activity_cc_Khorat_Geopark.jpg.webp?itok=iiSnGnTh 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="144" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square_144/article/2023-05/Fossil_Hunting_Educational_activity_cc_Khorat_Geopark.jpg.webp?itok=iiSnGnTh 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="144" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square_120/article/2023-05/Fossil_Hunting_Educational_activity_cc_Khorat_Geopark.jpg.webp?itok=1PmGdfFZ 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="120" height="120"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square_144/article/2023-05/Fossil_Hunting_Educational_activity_cc_Khorat_Geopark.jpg?itok=iiSnGnTh 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="144" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square_144/article/2023-05/Fossil_Hunting_Educational_activity_cc_Khorat_Geopark.jpg?itok=iiSnGnTh 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="144" height="144"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/square_120/article/2023-05/Fossil_Hunting_Educational_activity_cc_Khorat_Geopark.jpg?itok=1PmGdfFZ 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="120" height="120"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/square_120/article/2023-05/Fossil_Hunting_Educational_activity_cc_Khorat_Geopark.jpg?itok=1PmGdfFZ" width="120" height="120" alt="School children look for fossils during an educational activity in Khorat UNESCO Global Geopark, Thailand" class="img-fluid" /> </picture></div></div></div></div><div ><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>List of UNESCO Global Geoparks</h2></div><div class="field field--name-field-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="/en/iggp/geoparks" class="btn btn-primary btn-arrow-right">Full list</a></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="operational-guidelines-for-unesco-global-geoparks" class="paragraph-simple paragraph paragraph--type--document paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="document-wrapper"><div class="document-infos"><div class="document-texts"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Operational Guidelines for UNESCO Global Geoparks</div><div class="document-infos--subtitle"><div class="field field--name-field-text-authors field--type-string field--label-hidden field__items"><div class="field__item">UNESCO</div></div><div class="field field--name-field-date-text field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">2015</div></div><div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">UNESCO</div></div><div class="document-actions"><div class="dropdown"><button class="btn btn-outline-primary dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="document-592369" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">Read more in...</button><div aria-labelledby="document-592369" class="dropdown-menu document-menu"><div class="search-autocomplete"><div class="js-form-item form-item js-form-type-textfield form-type-textfield js-form-item- form-item-"> <input placeholder="Find a language" data-facet-options="facet-search-pouet" type="text" size="60" maxlength="128" class="form-text form-control" /></div></div><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000260675_ara" target="_blank" data-title="Statutes of the International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme" data-lang="Arabic" data-sdg="" data-hub="" data-website="">Arabic</a></li><li><a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000260675_chi" target="_blank" data-title="Statutes of the International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme" data-lang="Chinese" data-sdg="" data-hub="" data-website="">Chinese</a></li><li><a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000260675_eng" target="_blank" data-title="Statutes of the International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme" data-lang="English" data-sdg="" data-hub="" data-website="">English</a></li><li><a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000260675_fre" target="_blank" data-title="Statutes of the International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme" data-lang="French" data-sdg="" data-hub="" data-website="">French</a></li><li><a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000260675_rus" target="_blank" data-title="Statutes of the International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme" data-lang="Russian" data-sdg="" data-hub="" data-website="">Russian</a></li><li><a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000260675_spa" target="_blank" data-title="Statutes of the International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme" data-lang="Spanish" data-sdg="" data-hub="" data-website="">Spanish</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class="document-image"><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/document_block_wide/public/unesdoc_medias/0000260675.png.jpg.webp?itok=PNmAu8Qb 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="209" height="296"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/document_block_mobile/public/unesdoc_medias/0000260675.png.jpg.webp?itok=sI3l7pJb 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="188" height="266"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/document_block_mobile/public/unesdoc_medias/0000260675.png.jpg.webp?itok=sI3l7pJb 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="188" height="266"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/document_block_wide/public/unesdoc_medias/0000260675.png.jpg?itok=PNmAu8Qb 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="209" height="296"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/document_block_mobile/public/unesdoc_medias/0000260675.png.jpg?itok=sI3l7pJb 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="188" height="266"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/document_block_mobile/public/unesdoc_medias/0000260675.png.jpg?itok=sI3l7pJb 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="188" height="266"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/document_block_mobile/public/unesdoc_medias/0000260675.png.jpg?itok=sI3l7pJb" width="188" height="266" alt="0000260675" class="img-fluid" /> </picture></div></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph-simple paragraph paragraph--type--text-media-full paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="js-slider-full field field--name-field-slides field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"><div class="field__item"><div class="slide left"><div class="wrapper-infos"><div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Holistic management concept</div><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>the use of protection, education and sustainable development</p></div></div><div class="wrapper-image"><div class="field field--name-field-ref-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-full-size"><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_desktop/public/2022-12/05.Katla_UGGeopark_Iceland_shutterstock_647580142.jpg.webp?itok=sg0OOakD 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="1440" height="810"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/05.Katla_UGGeopark_Iceland_shutterstock_647580142.jpg.webp?itok=UsfTar2X 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="375" height="624"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/05.Katla_UGGeopark_Iceland_shutterstock_647580142.jpg.webp?itok=UsfTar2X 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="375" height="624"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_desktop/public/2022-12/05.Katla_UGGeopark_Iceland_shutterstock_647580142.jpg?itok=sg0OOakD 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1440" height="810"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/05.Katla_UGGeopark_Iceland_shutterstock_647580142.jpg?itok=UsfTar2X 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="375" height="624"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/05.Katla_UGGeopark_Iceland_shutterstock_647580142.jpg?itok=UsfTar2X 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="375" height="624"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/05.Katla_UGGeopark_Iceland_shutterstock_647580142.jpg?itok=UsfTar2X" width="375" height="624" alt="Katla UGGp, Iceland © Shutterstock" class="img-fluid" /> </picture></div></div><div class="media--copyright field field--name-field-copyright field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Shutterstock</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="fundamental-features" class="paragraph paragraph--type--rich-text paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>Fundamental features</h2></div><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>There are four fundamental features to a UNESCO Global Geopark. These features are an absolute prerequisite for an area to become a UNESCO Global Geopark. The exact criteria for an area to become a UNESCO Global Geopark are set out in the <a href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000260675">Operational Guidelines for UNESCO Global Geoparks</a>.</p><p>The four features that are fundamental to a UNESCO Global Geopark are:</p><h3>Geological heritage of international value</h3><p>In order to become a UNESCO Global Geopark, the area must have geological heritage of international value. This is assessed by scientific professionals, as part of the “UNESCO Global Geopark Evaluation Team”.  Based on the international peer-reviewed, published research conducted on the geological sites within the area, the scientific professionals make a globally comparative assessment to determine whether the geological sites constitute international value.</p><h3>Management</h3><p>UNESCO Global Geoparks are managed by a body having legal existence recognized under national legislation. This management body should be appropriately equipped to address the entire area and should include all relevant local and regional actors and authorities. UNESCO Global Geoparks require a management plan, agreed upon by all the partners, that provides for the social and economic needs of the local populations, protects the landscape in which they live and conserves their cultural identity. This plan must be comprehensive, incorporating the governance, development, communication, protection, infrastructure, finances, and partnerships of the UNESCO Global Geopark.</p><h3>Visibility</h3><p>UNESCO Global Geoparks promote sustainable local economic development mainly through geotourism. In order to stimulate the geotourism in the area, it is crucial that a UNESCO Global Geopark has visibility. Visitors as well as local people need to be able to find relevant information on the UNESCO Global Geopark. As such, providing information via a dedicated website, leaflets, and detailed map of the area that connects the area’s geological and other sites. A UNESCO Global Geopark should also have a corporate identity.</p><h3>Networking</h3><p>A UNESCO Global Geopark is not only about cooperation with the local people living in the UNESCO Global Geopark area, but also about collaborating with other UNESCO Global Geoparks through the Global Geoparks Network (GGN), and regional networks for UNESCO Global Geoparks, in order to learn from each other and, as a network, improve the quality of the label UNESCO Global Geopark. Working together with international partners is the main reason for UNESCO Global Geoparks to be a member of an international network such as the GGN. Membership of the GGN is obligatory for UNESCO Global Geoparks. By working together across borders, UNESCO Global Geoparks contribute to increasing understanding among different communities and as such help peace-building processes.</p></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="global-geoparks-network-ggn" class="bg-gray boxed paragraph paragraph--type--rich-text paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>Global Geoparks Network (GGN)</h2></div><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The Global Geoparks Network (GGN) is a legally constituted not-for-profit organisation with an annual membership fee, which was founded in 2004. UNESCO Global Geoparks must be member of the GGN. It is a dynamic network where members are committed to work together and exchange ideas of best practise and join in common projects to raise the quality standards of all products and practises of a UNESCO Global Geopark. While the GGN as a whole comes together every two years, it functions through the operation of regional networks, such as the European Geoparks Network that meets twice a year to develop and promote joint activities.</p><p>See also:</p><ul><li><a href="https://globalgeoparksnetwork.org/">Global Geoparks Network (GGN): Official Website</a></li><li><a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/iggp/geoparks/list#regional-geopark-networks">Regional networks</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="main-focus-areas" class="paragraph--hidden paragraph paragraph--type--rich-text paragraph--view-mode--default"></div></div><div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph-simple paragraph paragraph--type--text-media-full paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="js-slider-full field field--name-field-slides field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"><div class="field__item"><div class="slide left"><div class="wrapper-infos"><div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">10 focus areas</div><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>to support sustainable societies</p></div></div><div class="wrapper-image"><div class="field field--name-field-ref-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-full-size"><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_desktop/public/2022-12/Foto%201_Prismas%20Bas%C3%A1lticos.jpg.webp?itok=nGAo6EJa 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="1440" height="960"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Foto%201_Prismas%20Bas%C3%A1lticos.jpg.webp?itok=IOx5iUu2 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="375" height="624"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Foto%201_Prismas%20Bas%C3%A1lticos.jpg.webp?itok=IOx5iUu2 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="375" height="624"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_desktop/public/2022-12/Foto%201_Prismas%20Bas%C3%A1lticos.jpg?itok=nGAo6EJa 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1440" height="960"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Foto%201_Prismas%20Bas%C3%A1lticos.jpg?itok=IOx5iUu2 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="375" height="624"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Foto%201_Prismas%20Bas%C3%A1lticos.jpg?itok=IOx5iUu2 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="375" height="624"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Foto%201_Prismas%20Bas%C3%A1lticos.jpg?itok=IOx5iUu2" width="375" height="624" alt="Comarca Minera UGGp, Mexico " class="img-fluid" /> </picture></div></div><div class="media--copyright field field--name-field-copyright field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Daniel Acosta (Comarca Minera Geoparque Mundial A.C.)</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="main-focus-areas" class="paragraph-border paragraph paragraph--type--faq paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>Main focus areas</h2></div><div class="bg-gray1 accordion accordion-flush rounded field field--name-field-ref-faqs field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"><div class="field__item accordion-item"><div class="faq"><h3 class="faq-title accordion-header"><button class="accordion-button collapsed fw-bold" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapse-783" aria-expanded="false">Natural resources</button></h3><div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapse-783"><div class="faq-text accordion-body"><p>Since the dawn of humanity natural resources provided by the Earth’s solid crust have been the basis for our social and economic development. These resources include minerals, hydrocarbons, rare earth elements, geothermal energy, air and water, and their sustainable use is vital for the continued future well-being of society. Any element which can be found on Earth has its origin in geology and geological processes, is non-renewable and its exploitation has to be treated wisely. UNESCO Global Geoparks inform people about the sustainable use and need for natural resources, whether they are mined, quarried or harnessed from the surrounding environment, while at the same time promoting respect for the environment and the integrity of the landscape.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item accordion-item"><div class="faq"><h3 class="faq-title accordion-header"><button class="accordion-button collapsed fw-bold" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapse-784" aria-expanded="false">Geological hazards</button></h3><div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapse-784"><div class="faq-text accordion-body"><p>Many UNESCO Global Geoparks promote awareness of geological hazards, including volcanoes, earthquakes and tsunamis, and many help prepare disaster mitigation strategies among local communities. Through educational activities for the local people and visitors, many UNESCO Global Geoparks give information on the source of geological hazards and ways to reduce their impact including disaster response strategies. These efforts build important capacity and contribute to building more resilient communities that have the knowledge and skills to effectively respond to potential geological hazards.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item accordion-item"><div class="faq"><h3 class="faq-title accordion-header"><button class="accordion-button collapsed fw-bold" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapse-785" aria-expanded="false">Climate change</button></h3><div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapse-785"><div class="faq-text accordion-body"><p>UNESCO Global Geoparks hold records of past climate change and are educators on current climate change as well as adopting a best practise approach to utilising renewable energy and employing the best standards of “green tourism.” While some UNESCO Global Geoparks stimulate green growth in the region through innovative projects, others serve as outdoor museums on the effects of current climate change thus giving the opportunity to show visitors how climate change can affect our environment.</p><p>Such community and educational activities and projects are important in order to raise awareness on the potential impact of climate change on the region, and to provide the local communities with the knowledge to mitigate and adapt to the potential effects of climate change.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item accordion-item"><div class="faq"><h3 class="faq-title accordion-header"><button class="accordion-button collapsed fw-bold" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapse-786" aria-expanded="false">Education</button></h3><div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapse-786"><div class="faq-text accordion-body"><p>It is a pre-requisite that all UNESCO Global Geoparks develop and operate educational activities for all ages to spread awareness of our geological heritage and its links to other aspects of our natural, cultural and intangible heritages. UNESCO Global Geoparks offer educational programmes for schools or offer special activities for children through “Kids Clubs” or special “Fossil Fun Days”. UNESCO Global Geoparks also offer education, both formal and informal, for adults and retired people while many provide training for local people who can then, in turn, teach others.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item accordion-item"><div class="faq"><h3 class="faq-title accordion-header"><button class="accordion-button collapsed fw-bold" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapse-787" aria-expanded="false">Science</button></h3><div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapse-787"><div class="faq-text accordion-body"><p>UNESCO Global Geoparks are thus encouraged to work with academic institutions to engage in active scientific research in the Earth Sciences, and other disciplines as appropriate, to advance our knowledge about the Earth and its processes. A UNESCO Global Geopark is not a museum, it is an active laboratory where people can become engaged in science from the highest academic research level to the level of the curious visitor. A UNESCO Global Geopark must take great care not to alienate the public from science and absolutely must avoid the use of technical-scientific language on information boards, signs, leaflets, maps and books which are aimed at the general public.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item accordion-item"><div class="faq"><h3 class="faq-title accordion-header"><button class="accordion-button collapsed fw-bold" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapse-788" aria-expanded="false">Culture</button></h3><div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapse-788"><div class="faq-text accordion-body"><p>The motto of UNESCO Global Geoparks is “Celebrating Earth Heritage, Sustaining Local Communities”. UNESCO Global Geoparks are fundamentally about people and about exploring and celebrating the links between our communities and the Earth. The Earth has shaped who we are: it has shaped our farming practices, the building materials and methods we have used for our homes, even our mythology, folklore and folk traditions. UNESCO Global Geoparks, therefore, engage in a range of activities to celebrate these links. Many UNESCO Global Geoparks have strong links to the arts communities where the synergy released by bringing science and the arts together can yield surprising results.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item accordion-item"><div class="faq"><h3 class="faq-title accordion-header"><button class="accordion-button collapsed fw-bold" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapse-789" aria-expanded="false">Gender equality and women empowerment</button></h3><div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapse-789"><div class="faq-text accordion-body"><p>UNESCO Global Geoparks have a strong emphasize on empowering women whether through focussed education programmes or through the development of women’s cooperatives. UNESCO Global Geoparks are a platform for the development, nurturing and promotion of local cottage industry and craft products. In some UNESCO Global Geoparks women’s cooperatives also provide an opportunity for women to obtain additional income in their own area and on their own terms. They can, for example, operate accommodation services for visitors.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item accordion-item"><div class="faq"><h3 class="faq-title accordion-header"><button class="accordion-button collapsed fw-bold" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapse-790" aria-expanded="false">Sustainable development </button></h3><div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapse-790"><div class="faq-text accordion-body"><p>Even if an area has an outstanding, world-famous geological heritage of outstanding universal value it cannot be a UNESCO Global Geopark unless the area also has a plan for the sustainable development of the people who live there. This may take the form of sustainable tourism through, for example, the development of walking or cycling trails, training of local people to act as guides, encouraging tourism and accommodation providers to follow international best practice in environmental sustainability. But it can also be about simply engaging with local people and respecting their traditional way of life in a way that empowers them and respects their human rights and dignity. Unless a UNESCO Global Geopark has the support of local people it will not succeed. UNESCO Global Geopark status does not imply restrictions on any economic activity inside a UNESCO Global Geopark where that activity complies with indigenous, local, regional and/or national legislation.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item accordion-item"><div class="faq"><h3 class="faq-title accordion-header"><button class="accordion-button collapsed fw-bold" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapse-791" aria-expanded="false">Local and indigenous knowledge</button></h3><div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapse-791"><div class="faq-text accordion-body"><p>UNESCO Global Geoparks actively involve local and indigenous peoples, preserving and celebrating their culture. By involving local and indigenous communities, UNESCO Global Geoparks recognize the importance of these communities, their culture and the link between these communities and their land. It is one of the criteria of UNESCO Global Geoparks that local and indigenous knowledge, practice and management systems, alongside science, are included in the planning and management of the area.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item accordion-item"><div class="faq"><h3 class="faq-title accordion-header"><button class="accordion-button collapsed fw-bold" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapse-792" aria-expanded="false">Geoconservation</button></h3><div class="accordion-collapse collapse" id="collapse-792"><div class="faq-text accordion-body"><p>UNESCO Global Geoparks are areas that use the concept of sustainability, value the heritage of Mother Earth and recognize the need to protect it. The defining geological sites in UNESCO Global Geoparks are protected by indigenous, local, regional and/or national law and management authorities, in cooperation with the appropriate agencies, which allow for the necessary monitoring and maintenance of these sites. Appropriate protection measures for each site are set out in individual site management plans. The management body of a UNESCO Global Geopark will also not participate directly in the sale of geological objects such as fossils, minerals, polished rocks and ornamental rocks of the type normally found in so-called “rock-shops” within the area, and many actively discourage unsustainable trade in<br />geological materials as a whole. It does not refer to material for normal industrial and household use which is sourced by quarrying and/or mining and which will be subject to regulation under national and/or international legislation.</p><p>Under certain circumstances and where clearly justified as a responsible activity the management body may permit sustainable collecting of geological materials for scientific and educational purposes from naturally renewable sites within the UNESCO Global Geopark. Trade of geological materials (in accordance with national legislation on Earth heritage conservation) based on such a system may be tolerated in exceptional circumstances, provided it is clearly and publicly explained, justified and monitored as the best option for the UNESCO Global Geopark in relation to local circumstances. Such circumstances will be subject to debate and approval on a case-by-case basis.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph-simple paragraph paragraph--type--text-media-full paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="js-slider-full field field--name-field-slides field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"><div class="field__item"><div class="slide left"><div class="wrapper-infos"><div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Celebration of heritage</div><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>through UNESCO Global Geoparks, biosphere reserves and World Heritage sites</p></div></div><div class="wrapper-image"><div class="field field--name-field-ref-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-full-size"><div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_desktop/public/2022-12/Traditional%20artisanal%20fishermen%20taking%20refuge%20under%20limestone%20overhangs%20at%20Kilim%20Karst%20GEoforest%20Park%20of%20Langkawi%20UNESCO%20Global%20Geopark%20photo%20credit%20Norhayati%20Ahmad.jpg.webp?itok=mWPF1PJk 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/webp" width="1440" height="958"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Traditional%20artisanal%20fishermen%20taking%20refuge%20under%20limestone%20overhangs%20at%20Kilim%20Karst%20GEoforest%20Park%20of%20Langkawi%20UNESCO%20Global%20Geopark%20photo%20credit%20Norhayati%20Ahmad.jpg.webp?itok=DSdI0IhO 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/webp" width="375" height="624"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Traditional%20artisanal%20fishermen%20taking%20refuge%20under%20limestone%20overhangs%20at%20Kilim%20Karst%20GEoforest%20Park%20of%20Langkawi%20UNESCO%20Global%20Geopark%20photo%20credit%20Norhayati%20Ahmad.jpg.webp?itok=DSdI0IhO 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/webp" width="375" height="624"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_desktop/public/2022-12/Traditional%20artisanal%20fishermen%20taking%20refuge%20under%20limestone%20overhangs%20at%20Kilim%20Karst%20GEoforest%20Park%20of%20Langkawi%20UNESCO%20Global%20Geopark%20photo%20credit%20Norhayati%20Ahmad.jpg?itok=mWPF1PJk 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="1440" height="958"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Traditional%20artisanal%20fishermen%20taking%20refuge%20under%20limestone%20overhangs%20at%20Kilim%20Karst%20GEoforest%20Park%20of%20Langkawi%20UNESCO%20Global%20Geopark%20photo%20credit%20Norhayati%20Ahmad.jpg?itok=DSdI0IhO 1x" media="all and (min-width: 576px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="375" height="624"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Traditional%20artisanal%20fishermen%20taking%20refuge%20under%20limestone%20overhangs%20at%20Kilim%20Karst%20GEoforest%20Park%20of%20Langkawi%20UNESCO%20Global%20Geopark%20photo%20credit%20Norhayati%20Ahmad.jpg?itok=DSdI0IhO 1x" media="all and (max-width: 575px)" type="image/jpeg" width="375" height="624"/> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/paragraph_full_mobile/public/2022-12/Traditional%20artisanal%20fishermen%20taking%20refuge%20under%20limestone%20overhangs%20at%20Kilim%20Karst%20GEoforest%20Park%20of%20Langkawi%20UNESCO%20Global%20Geopark%20photo%20credit%20Norhayati%20Ahmad.jpg?itok=DSdI0IhO" width="375" height="624" alt="Traditional artisanal fishermen taking refuge under limestone overhangs at Kilim Karst Geoforest Park of Langkawi UNESCO Global Geopark" class="img-fluid" /> </picture></div></div><div class="media--copyright field field--name-field-copyright field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Norhayati Ahmad</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="unesco-designated-sites" class="paragraph paragraph--type--rich-text paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>UNESCO designated sites</h2></div><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>There are three types of UNESCO site designations: UNESCO Global Geoparks, biosphere reserves and World Heritage sites. Together, they give a complete picture of celebrating our heritage while at the same time conserving the world’s cultural, biological and geological diversity, and promoting sustainable economic development.</p><p>While biosphere reserves focus on the harmonised management of biological and cultural diversity and World Heritage sites promote the conservation of natural and cultural sites of outstanding universal value, UNESCO Global Geoparks give international recognition for sites that promote the importance and significance of protecting the Earth’s geodiversity through actively engaging with the local communities. When an aspiring UNESCO Global Geopark includes a World Heritage site or biosphere reserve, a clear justification and evidence has to be provided on how the UNESCO Global Geopark status will add value by being both independently branded and in synergy with the other designations.</p></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph-simple paragraph paragraph--type--document paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="document-wrapper"><div class="document-infos"><div class="document-texts"><span class="data-title">Frequently asked questions on UNESCO Global Geoparks</span><div class="document-infos--subtitle"></div></div><div class="document-actions"><div class="dropdown"><button class="btn btn-outline-primary dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="document-564078" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">Read more in...</button><div aria-labelledby="document-564078" class="dropdown-menu document-menu"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="https://www.unesco.org/sites/default/files/medias/fichiers/2023/01/uggp_application_process_faqs.pdf" target="_blank">English</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class="document-image"></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div id="unesco-global-geopark-logo" class="bg-gray paragraph-simple paragraph paragraph--type--cta paragraph--view-mode--default"><div ><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>UNESCO Global Geopark Logo</h2></div><div class="rich-text clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>UNESCO developed and issued new graphical standards and a Logo Toolkit in 2021.  A new generic logo was created to further enhance visibility, improve legibility, and streamline the UNESCO brand.</p></div><div class="field field--name-field-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/logo" class="btn btn-primary btn-arrow-right">Guidelines and terms of use</a></div></div></div></div><div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph-border paragraph paragraph--type--logo-grid paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-ref-logos field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items row"><div class="col-md-4 col-6 field__item"><div class="logo"><img alt="UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGp)" title="" src="/sites/default/files/styles/logo_grid/public/2022-03/uggeopark_blue_eng.png.jpg?itok=g9dNL8Pg" class="img-fluid image-style-logo-grid" /></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><h3 class="share-title">Share</h3><div style="display: none"><link rel="preload" href="/modules/contrib/better_social_sharing_buttons/assets/dist/sprites/social-icons--no-color.svg" as="image" type="image/svg+xml" crossorigin="anonymous" /></div><div class="social-sharing-buttons"> <a 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implementation</a></li><li><a href="/en/tags/international-geoscience-and-geoparks-programme-iggp" class="tag tag-outline-grey" hreflang="en">International Geoscience and Geoparks programme (IGGP)</a></li><li><a href="/en/tags/unesco-global-geoparks" class="tag tag-outline-grey" hreflang="en">UNESCO Global Geoparks</a></li><li><a href="/en/tags/geology" class="tag tag-outline-grey" hreflang="en">Geology</a></li><li><a href="/en/search?f%5B0%5D=sdgs-targets%3A63befc62-522d-5224-8bfa-895e09d55110" class="tag tag-outline-grey">SDG: SDG 15 - Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss</a></li><li><div class="js-trigger-see-more tag tag-grey-light"><span>See more</span><i class="material-icons-sharp">add</i></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="content-sdg banner banner-grey flex-wrap"><div class="col-lg-12 clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-sdg-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>This article is related to the United Nation’s <strong>Sustainable Development Goals</strong>.</p></div><div class="col-lg-12 field field--name-field-ref-sdg-targets field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"><div class="field__item"><div data-letter="S" data-nid="419367" id="taxonomy-term-419367" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-sdgs-targets"><div class="content"><div><a href="/en/iggp/geoparks/about##" class="sdg-tooltip-link"><span class="icon icon-sdg-15"></span></a><div class="sdg-tooltip"><div class="sdg-tooltip-title">SDG 15 - Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div> <article data-terms-tags="422936 423619 425816 425817 430467 422068 421386 423817" 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