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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBT_culture_in_Hong_Kong&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in Hong Kong">LGBT culture in Hong Kong</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p> Despite the history of <a href="/wiki/History_of_Hong_Kong_(1800s%E2%80%931930s)" title="History of Hong Kong (1800s–1930s)">colonisation</a> and the resulting process of <a href="/wiki/Westernization" title="Westernization">Westernisation</a> since 1842, Hong Kong still embodies many aspects of Chinese traditional values towards sexuality.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is traditionally believed that heterosexuality is the nature, coherent, and privileged sexuality.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Popular media marginalises and discriminates against LGBT members of Hong Kong in an attempt to maintain "traditional lifestyles".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1991, the government of <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> legalised male-male same sex relations. Since then LGBT activism has increased, asking for legal protections.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A wave of political activism began in the 2000s.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2005, the government of Hong Kong conducted a telephone survey with over 2000 persons responding. Of them, 39% indicated that homosexuality "contradicts the morals of the community."<sup id="cite_ref-Stadium_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stadium-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 42% of those surveyed in 2005 stated that homosexuals were not "psychologically normal".<sup id="cite_ref-Howgays_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howgays-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2012 survey by Community Business had 1,002 respondents chosen at random and 626 persons who identified as LGBT. Of the respondents, chosen randomly, 50% stated that they accepted LGBT individuals while 25% stated they did not; 3% stated that they believed LGBT individuals were not "psychologically normal". Of the LGBT employees, 53% stated that they had to "pretend to be someone they are not" and therefore felt exhaustion, while 26% stated that the work environment did not accept them, so they, at times, had to stay home to work.<sup id="cite_ref-Howgays_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howgays-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to a survey titled 'The Hong Kong LGBT Climate', conducted by The University of Hong Kong, 25.6% of the respondents stated that they believed LGBT persons are the way they are due to their upbringing and socialisation, while 24.2% of the respondents believed they are 'born that way', and 14.3% believed it is caused by both factors. While nearly half of the respondents personally knew a person from the LGBT community, most of the respondents also stated that they 'would not mind' and 'would not have special feeling' towards LGBT individuals. Most respondents were aware of the discrimination and humiliation which LGBT individuals face in their daily lives; 85% of the respondents supported the idea of promoting inclusiveness of the LGBT community. The survey also included the experiences of Hong Kong LGBT individuals and it is noted that most of them had not fully 'come out' to their family, mostly due to the fear of not being accepted, being shamed, or being rejected by family members.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the same reason, LGBT individuals tended to seek help and support from various social media platforms instead of family members.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 2012 many individuals who originated from mainland China became a part of Hong Kong's LGBT culture. LGBT marches are legal in Hong Kong, while they are not permitted in many areas in the Mainland. Joanna Chiu and Christy Choi of the <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i> stated that in Hong Kong lesbians stated that conservative lawmakers and Christian groups in Hong Kong make lesbianism less accepted in Hong Kong compared to mainland China, but that Hong Kong lesbians are better able to resist pressures to marry men.<sup id="cite_ref-ChiuChoiRevel_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChiuChoiRevel-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For an extensive (600-page) online bibliography of Hong Kong LGBTQ issues across many subjects, consult <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.archive.org/details/towards-full-citizenship-5th-edition-2024-webpdf">[1]</a> <i>Towards Full Citizenship: A Preliminary Checklist of Hong Kong Gay/Lesbian-related Works = 向光明 : 香港同志情形的參考書/片目</i>. Latest edition is the 5th edition (2024), a digital PDF document with link in the previous sentence. (For some earlier editions, variously in print or digital format, check the Library and Archives Canada catalogue, the Internet Archive, or OCLC WorldCat. Some earlier editions are also in print at Hong Kong Public Library, Chinese University of Hong Kong Library and the University of Hong Kong Library). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Housing">Housing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Housing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Hong Kong, high real estate density is used as a government regulation strategy of land prices.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This high land price policy contributes to a limited choice in living environment, and therefore a bigger need to live with other people, often with the immediate family.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The family space is regarded as a contentious site for coming out for LGBT Hong Kongers.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Living in confined space with the family makes it more difficult for many transgender Hong Kongers to embrace their gender expression without the risk of being exposed and encountering family violence.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The family unit in Hong Kong is often reconfigured to include anyone able to contribute economically to the unit in response to the lack of welfare benefits.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For LGBT Hong Kongers, these family values makes achieving financial stability into a way to become accepted into the family despite their queer identity.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This notion also reveals a larger expectation for LGBT Hong Kongers to embrace self-reliance and individualism in order to survive materially in a society where housing depends on intimate family relations.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Heterosexual marriage also becomes a way for LGBT to pursue housing outside of the family unit because of the prioritization of married couples under the <a href="/wiki/Home_Ownership_Scheme" title="Home Ownership Scheme">Home Ownership Scheme</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, often the idea of moving away from the family can be considered under <a href="/wiki/Filial_piety" title="Filial piety">filial piety</a> as breaking up the family, impacting many LGBT Hong Kongers' decision to continue to live with their family, despite the depression, confusion, and isolation from queer relationships it may result in.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Workplace">Workplace</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Workplace"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>LGBT people experience discrimination in the job interview as well as the workplace. During interviews, LGBT people would be discriminated by their appearance. One example is that an employer raised a question related to interviewee's sex orientation, to which the employee admitted she was a lesbian and she was not hired. The reason of unemployment is that the employer treated her sex orientation as a "trouble" and "abnormal". Besides, transgender people would come across a lot of obstacles during interview. For example, the employer behaves and treats the interviewee differently when they see that the appearance of transgender person differs from the sex shown on their ID card. Even if the transgender person is capable and qualified for the job, they would not be hired because of their ambiguous gender presentation. Not only is there discrimination during the interview, the discrimination continues in the workplace and LGBT people never get an equal treatment. A lesbian who dressed in a suit was hired by a company, but she was required to wear dress. She has no bargaining power and she could be dismissed if she rejects the request to wear dress. LGBT people are always treated with unfriendly and impolite treatment and they have less agency in workplace.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to a survey conducted by Community Business, workers from LGBT group are feeling discriminated by others by the following aspects: 1.not being respected(80%), 2. oral insulting or mocking(60%). Besides, they are also treated unfairly in the workplace, such as less opportunity to get a promotion(24%), required to resign(15%), and not being hired(13%)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Proposed by Community Business, the Hong Kong LGBT+ Inclusion Index is launched on the LGBT+ workplace inclusion and initiatives in Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is an index which provides a credible and robust tool to assess and promote those companies which has contributed to the LGBT+ inclusion in Hong Kong. Community Business has provided a guide for employer who has already signed up to the index to create inclusive workplaces for LGBT employees in Hong Kong. In the 2019 index, they have published some categories for employers such as equal opportunity policies, diversity structure and corporate culture. The performance of companies which have signed up will be assessed by at least two senior members of the Community Business Team. The index would be a great encouragement for company to fulfill their corporate social responsibility. It will benefit both LGBT minorities having more work opportunities as well as being an opportunity for corporate advertisement. In the 2017 report of the index, most of the highest-scoring employers are multinational financial companies or banks while there are only few local companies.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only one local company, Aids Concern, as a local non-governmental organization, was honored for 2017 LGBT+ Community Impact Award. Most awards are dominant by the international companies, though Hong Kong's local companies and SMEs are increasingly supportive. The city has a crowdsourced LGBTQ Workplace directory, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lgbtqglassdoor.com">LGBTQ Glassdoor</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181028074054/https://lgbtqglassdoor.com/">Archived</a> 28 October 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Business">Business</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Business"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are visible and invisible pink businesses in Hong Kong.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The visible ones are located mainly in Central, conspicuously in <a href="/wiki/Lan_Kwai_Fong" title="Lan Kwai Fong">Lan Kwai Fong</a> and <a href="/wiki/SoHo,_Hong_Kong" title="SoHo, Hong Kong">SoHo area</a>, as well as Wanchai. Locating in such bustling commercial areas, a "niche enclave" (Yue and Leung, 2017) is formed within the mainstream consumption area.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The invisible ones are located in anonymous upstairs areas in Causeway Bay, Mongkok and Tsim Sha Tsui. There are also pop-up stores. They are usually known and operated on insiders' word-of-mouth knowledge.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lesbian spaces are located mainly in Causeway Bay, Tsim Sha Tsui and Mong Kok. They appear to be safe and comfortable to lesbians with the absence of men, the occurrence of sexual and verbal harassment is therefore reduced. </p><p>The invisible pink stores shows queer spaces are still marginalized in the city when facing the sexuality hegemony.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bars_and_cafés"><span id="Bars_and_caf.C3.A9s"></span>Bars and cafés</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bars and cafés"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Volume Up, the first LGBT-oriented record label in Hong Kong, was founded by Evan Steer.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Institutions">Institutions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Hong Kong Ten Percent Club is an LGBT organisation. It was one of the first ones founded in Hong Kong.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rainbow of Hong Kong is an LGBT non-profit-making organisation established in 1998 aiming to improve the quality of life of LGBT people by gathering a volunteer team to provide services and organising activities in response to the needs of the LGBT community such as medical services, sex education, domestic counselling and hotline services.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Women Coalition of Hong Kong is an LGBT rights organisation. It was founded around 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-Stadium_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stadium-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pink Alliance is charitable LGBT organisation promoting the equal rights of LGBT community. Main work of this institution includes carrying out research on history and survey on the LGBT culture and public view towards LGBT, publishing the latest movements and news of equality of LGBT community in both Hong Kong and foreign countries and organising campaigns to support the LGBT community. In 2017, it organised an Asia's Premier LGBT Festival collaborating with other LGBT organisations called 'Pink Season HK' lasted for 5 weeks and held 28 events which gathered 2500 participants. A series of activities and themes included education, music, art, sports and entertainment was held to raise the awareness of the public towards quality of LGBT community and provided an opportunity for the LGBT people to share their stories and support each other. Besides, Pink Alliance organise IDAHOT HK (International Day Against Homophobia & Transphobia) every year collaborating with other LGBT institutions in order to eliminate the discrimination of the public towards LGBT community, build an objective understanding and raise the awareness to support LGBT groups and call for legislation of discrimination towards LGBT groups. During the day, LGBT celebrities and LGBT victims suffered from bullying will share their stories and views on their sexual orientation and support other LGBT participants.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Hong Kong Government has not implemented any compulsory education syllabus on sexual orientation and LGBT issues. According to the Guidelines on Sex Education in Schools which was published in 1997 and revised in 2004, schools are advised to educate students on different sexualities, homophobia and the normativity of marriage. The decision to introduce these materials, however, is entirely up to the individual school and there are no official restrictions on the materials being used.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the International Technical Guidance, Hong Kong carry out the framework of sexuality education for 5-year-old children to students aged 18 or above to promote sexuality education in the curriculum levels. The sexuality education in schools of Hong Kong started from 1971 and kept revising and widening the content inclusive from not only scientific facts and skills on reproduction and marriage and family, but also added the contents of sexuality and gender education. The key concepts of sexuality education in 1997 included 5 aspects: human development, health and behavior, interpersonal relationships, marriage and family ad society and culture. After amended in 2008, the framework also included the part of teaching students to keep an open and caring stance to understand and accept people having different sexuality orientation (LGBT) and learn to think critically towards the view of the mass media on LGBT community and analyse 'sex' or 'gender' related topics rationally and objectively. Moreover, many LGBT-relevant topics are covered under the curriculum of many subjects from primary studies to tertiary studies. For example, in the General Studies of Primary Four to Six syllabus, the framework inculcates a sense of building neutral values and attitudes towards individuals having difference in their growth and development in building their sexual orientation during puberty. In tertiary education, some universities in Hong Kong provides courses on sexuality and gender in the general education curriculum. For example, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and the City University of Hong Kong open elective courses related to sexuality and gender education and some sociology, anthropology and cultural major studies will also provide a neutral view and understanding on sexual orientation and allows students to build an open attitude to accept and call for equality for the LGBT community.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Apart from the curriculum, LGBT students are discriminated in their school life. According to a survey done by the Hong Kong SAR Government, LGBT students received the highest rate of discrimination in secondary schools with 41% out of 3040 respondents indicating that LGBT are "psychologically abnormal".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> LGBT students pointed out that teachers tend to negatively describe the LGBT issues during the lesson and they would not protect LGBT students who are discriminated by other students. Even some teachers would use the term "abnormal" or "disgusting" to describe the behavior of LGBT people. In addition, the religious background is another crucial factor causing LGBT student being prejudiced. Many local secondary school have religious background such as <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Christianity">Protestant Christianity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a>, in which LGBT culture are prohibited by the school. Some teachers would treat LGBT as a kind of illness or sin that students who are LGBT should be rectified. Thus, students are suffer from the discrimination from the teachers and religious background at school.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hong_Kong" title="University of Hong Kong">University of Hong Kong</a> has a Queer Straight Alliance.<sup id="cite_ref-Laiisitokaytobegay_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laiisitokaytobegay-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recreation">Recreation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Recreation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Waiwai Yeo of the WCHK stated that around 2002 the LGBT community did not feel comfortable enough to hold a <a href="/wiki/Gay_pride_parade" class="mw-redirect" title="Gay pride parade">gay pride parade</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Stadium_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stadium-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Pride_Parade" title="Hong Kong Pride Parade">Hong Kong Pride Parade</a> was first held in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-Laiisitokaytobegay_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laiisitokaytobegay-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Waiwai Yeo stated that 1,000 people participated in the first parade and that it increased to 2,500 in 2011. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i> wrote that this is "a far cry from the millions who flock to the annual pride parades in Brazil and elsewhere."<sup id="cite_ref-Stadium_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stadium-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017 10,000 people attended the pride parade.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2020 parade was cancelled as the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Police_Force" title="Hong Kong Police Force">Hong Kong Police Force</a> did not allow it.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pink_Dot_SG" title="Pink Dot SG">Pink Dot</a>, another pride event, attracted around 15,000 in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-hkfp1_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hkfp1-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Les Pêches</i> The Lounge establishes parties for women who are lesbian and bisexual.<sup id="cite_ref-Laiisitokaytobegay_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laiisitokaytobegay-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Tourism_Board" title="Hong Kong Tourism Board">Hong Kong Tourism Board</a> started "Pink Season" to attract LGBT tourism. Dr. Lucetta Kam Yip-lo (<span lang="zh-Hant">金曄路</span>; <span lang="zh-Hans">金晔路</span>; <i><span lang="yue-Latn-jyutping">gam1 jip6 lou6</span></i>; <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Jīn Yèlù</span></i><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), who wrote <i><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Lalas:_Female_Tongzhi_Communities_and_Politics_in_Urban_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Shanghai Lalas: Female Tongzhi Communities and Politics in Urban China">Shanghai Lalas: Female Tongzhi Communities and Politics in Urban China</a></i>, stated that "LGBT bars or events such as the pride march are a big tourist attraction for lesbians."<sup id="cite_ref-ChiuChoiRevel_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChiuChoiRevel-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Lesbian_%26_Gay_Film_Festival" title="Hong Kong Lesbian & Gay Film Festival">Hong Kong Lesbian & Gay Film Festival</a> is also held.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Representations of LGBT Hong Kongers are distorted in music, film, and television to perpetuate social discrimination.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was first established in 1989 and has been held annually. Because of its controversial nature, it had received little government fund but HKLGFF has taken its position in the commercial market and has gained monetary success.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a society promoting LGBT culture, calling for equality of LGBT community and eliminating the discrimination of LGBT community through cinematic art. In the programme, different LGBT films all over the world will be selected and shown in the cinemas. In the film festival in 2017, the opening film is <a href="/wiki/BPM_(Beats_per_Minute)" title="BPM (Beats per Minute)">120 Beats Per Minute</a> and <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embrasse-moi_!" class="extiw" title="fr:Embrasse-moi !">Kiss Me!(Embrasse-moi!)</a> and the closing film is The Feels and <a href="/wiki/Freak_Show_(film)" title="Freak Show (film)">Freak Show</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Queer artists like <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Cheung" title="Leslie Cheung">Leslie Cheung Kwok-wing</a> are repeatedly attacked by the media, even though their fame has set the precedent for supposedly straight <a href="/wiki/Cantopop" title="Cantopop">Canto-pop</a> actors and singers <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Kwok" title="Aaron Kwok">Aaron Kwok</a> and <a href="/wiki/Andy_Lau" title="Andy Lau">Andy Lau</a>, who embrace queer performances like cross-dressing.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022 Hong Kong hosted the <a href="/wiki/Gay_Games" title="Gay Games">Gay Games</a> XI.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carrie Lam stated that she "noted" the news and did not announce congratulations, citing her religion.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://walkin.hk/">Walk In Hong Kong</a>, a popular city walking tour company, has organised an '<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://walkin.hk/tours/lgbt-in-the-city/">LGBT in the City</a>' tour, which introduces tour members to Hong Kong LGBT history, iconic movie filming spots, gay bars, sex toy shops and other notable landmarks. </p><p><b><big>Choirs</big></b> </p><p>The Hong Kong Gay Men's Chorus (HKGMC) was founded in 2020 for out and proud gay men based in Hong Kong. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Television_and_films">Television and films</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Television and films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Predominately in the 1990s, there are a handful of mainstream films that challenge the <a href="/wiki/Heteronormativity" title="Heteronormativity">heteronormativity</a> within Hong Kong cinematic productions, and include queer undertones or plot lines within the films. A few well-known examples include <i><a href="/wiki/Swordsman_II" title="Swordsman II">Swordsman II</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/The_East_Is_Red_(1993_film)" title="The East Is Red (1993 film)"><i>Swordsman III</i></a>, A Queer Story, <a href="/wiki/Happy_Together_(1997_film)" title="Happy Together (1997 film)"><i>Happy Together</i></a>, <i><a href="/wiki/He%27s_a_Woman,_She%27s_a_Man" title="He's a Woman, She's a Man">He's a Woman, She's a Man</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Residence" title="Permanent Residence">Permanent Residence</a>. Though usually not explicit, critics consider these films unconventional sexuality-wise for the ambiguity. However, films with queerness as the plot centre have been criticized to be simply 'queerscapes' and speculations of all the sexual minorities under the same umbrella term, where people are defined queer as long as they deviate from the gender or sexuality norm.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/TVB" title="TVB">Television Broadcasts Limited</a>, or TVB for short, is the first and most popular wireless commercial television station in Hong Kong, and having the most viewed TV channels, it has produced a few dozen television series with LGBT characters. According to a content analysis report conducted by Nu Tong Xue She (NTXS), which is also an LGBT awareness organisation, there were 67 television series with LGBT characters over the period of 1976 to 2012, but 70% advocate homophobia using plotlines and 22 of which portray LGBT characters as murderers. For example, LGBT characters are often depicted as mentally-ill, aggressive, and predatory. Overall, there are a few series that portray LGBT characters positively, but they are often side characters, and their stories are not thoroughly explored. Issues such as homophobia and discrimination are often the center of discussion when it comes to queer characters.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the television series <a href="/wiki/A_General,_a_Scholar_and_a_Eunuch" title="A General, a Scholar and a Eunuch">A General, a Scholar and a Eunuch</a> released in 2017, homoerotic themes are also used as comic relief only. </p><p>A notable television series with LGBT characters, <i>Margaret & David - Green Bean</i>, was released in 2016 and produced by <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Television_Entertainment_Company_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong Television Entertainment Company Limited">Hong Kong Television Entertainment Company Limited</a> and broadcast on <a href="/wiki/ViuTV" title="ViuTV">ViuTV</a>. It features a character suspected to be bisexual who is in love with his friend and business partner, but there had not been any explicitly queer plot lines in the series. </p><p>Society also sparked debate regarding homosexual content in children's films with the release of '<a href="/wiki/Beauty_and_the_Beast_(2017_film)" title="Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)">Beauty and the Beast</a>'. The film includes a scene in which two male characters, LeFou and Stanley, dance together at the final ball before it ends. As the director openly addresses the gay tribute in the film,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the debate of appropriacy of homosexual content in children's film sparked off in places including Russia, Malaysia and of course Hong Kong. The president of International Christian Quality Music Secondary and Primary School Chan Wing Sun suggested parents not bring children into cinema for the film due to its gay reference. In response to the controversy, the director of True Light Organization Choi Chi Sum shows support for the film by suggesting parents to bring their children into the theatre and discuss with children on controversial points.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, <i><a href="/wiki/Ossan%27s_Love" title="Ossan's Love">Ossan's Love</a></i> was adapted, and <a href="/wiki/Ossan%27s_Love_(2021_TV_series)" title="Ossan's Love (2021 TV series)">the adaption</a> was aired on <a href="/wiki/ViuTV" title="ViuTV">ViuTV</a>, becoming the first ever Hong Kong <a href="/wiki/Boy%27s_love" class="mw-redirect" title="Boy's love">boy's love</a> television series. The television series starred <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Wong" title="Kenny Wong">Kenny Wong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anson_Lo" title="Anson Lo">Anson Lo</a> and Edan Lui.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mass_media">Mass media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Mass media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mass media in Hong Kong took stance on LGBT related issues. Societal stereotypes of LGBT were made. </p><p>The death of <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Cheung" title="Leslie Cheung">Leslie Cheung</a>, a renowned queer celebrity in Hong Kong, in 2003 demonstrated the stances of different mass media in Hong Kong towards LGBT. Cheung claimed to be bisexual and publicly admitted his homosexuality.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As written in his suicide note, he committed suicide due to depression.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the mass media linked his death and depression to his sexual orientation. Newspapers and magazines specifically issued columns on curing depression, preventing suicide and "correction" on sexual disorientation,<sup id="cite_ref-:5_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which represented the belief that homosexuality was deemed incorrect by the public. Some people even declared that homosexuality was an infectious disease like SARS, infecting people with "dangerous ideologies" and "disordered life".<sup id="cite_ref-:5_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cheung's suicide was portrayed as a violent act of homosexuality.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_40-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stereotypes and discrimination against LGBT were obviously shown in media coverage in 2003 in Hong Kong. </p><p>In 2012, <a href="/wiki/Denise_Ho" title="Denise Ho">Denise Ho</a>, a renowned singer in Hong Kong, came out in the fourth annual <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Pride_Parade" title="Hong Kong Pride Parade">Hong Kong Pride Parade</a>. No more special columns on correction of sexual disorientation were released in the newspaper after the incident. </p><p>News and stories concerning LGBT reported in gossip magazines are sometimes stereotypical while they "normalize" gay/lesbian relationships at times.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gossip magazines report gossip of the people working in the media industry; they are widely circulated in locales like hair salons, clinics and offices. Gossip magazines in Hong Kong have been reporting "secret" gay/lesbian relationships that their reporters have uncovered. It indirectly coerces the celebrities who have not come out prior to their appearance in the reports involved to clarify their sexual orientation and personal relationships in public.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The magazines have also linked gay/lesbian relationships with the social and financial statuses of the celebrities involved. With reference to the relationship of So Sze Wang and Gam Yin Leng, a lesbian celebrity couple in Hong Kong, magazine reports tended to focus on the wealthiness of the butch role in a lesbian relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lesbians and bisexual women are also negatively portrayed in the mass media. "Gossip magazine reports can be seen as subversive cultural interventions on the part of queer people working in the media industry." (Tang, 2012)<sup id="cite_ref-:6_41-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Social_media">Social media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Social media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The increasing and expanding usage of the Internet has aided LGBT individuals in Hong Kong to engage in interactions and discussions on social media platforms, giving the stigmatised groups a free space to express self-identities. Online communities are shown to play a great part in forming self-confidence and self-acceptance through others' assistance. The internet also serve as a mean to give community support, facilitate wider debates on various topics, and explore sexual and gender identities. Through joining online communities, LGBT members can find methods to cope with outer stigmatisation, discrimination, and lack of emotional support. At the same time, they are able to find the sense of belonging. All these factors constitute social media being an important social capital of LGBT individuals in order to achieve physical and mental well-being, and a mean to cope with societal discrimination and shame.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the wide-spreading usage of the Internet, a handful of websites for male seeking sexual relations with other males had been set up, including www.gaystation.com.hk, www.radiorepublic.com, which are both deactivated and www.gayhk.com, which is still active.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Phone applications such as "<a href="/wiki/Grindr" title="Grindr">Grindr</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Jack%27d" title="Jack'd">Jack'd</a>" are also prominent within gay males, who often make use of such applications to find dates.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are the two most downloaded applications for gay males in Hong Kong.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the other hand, social media also plays a part in organizing social movements and promoting LGBT rights through online platforms. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.GdotTV.com">GdotTV</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200510223535/https://gdottv.com/">Archived</a> 10 May 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, founded in 2008, is the first Chinese LGBT online television station. It has successfully invoked discussions regarding media inclusion and viability of individuals with different sexual orientations, and how to involve them in mainstream media.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By producing short films and shows that focus on the life and experience of the LGBT community in Hong Kong, it helps raise awareness of homophobia and discrimination within the wider society.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the most well-known media projects produced and streamed on GdotTV is the <i>I Am Who I Am Project</i>. By regularly posting videos on different platforms, it aims at raising awareness of the bullying of LGBT students in the school environment, and to spread positive messages to the victims and help them embrace their identities.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, public radio RTHK has done interviews, special episodes, and talk shows around LGBTQ content. Increasingly, independent production channels and vloggers on YouTube are also creating LGBTQ-related podcasts and videos.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Queer_pop_culture">Queer pop culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Queer pop culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hong Kong has a queer pop culture for appreciating gay romance, and generally known as ‘<a href="/wiki/Yaoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaoi">Yaoi</a>’. Hong Kong usually adopts its English translation and initialize the phrase "boy love" as ‘bl’. Hong Kong also invent specific phrase in referencing to love between two males in 2013. The phrase ‘hehe’ has been used on the online forum <a href="/wiki/HKGolden" title="HKGolden">HKGolden</a> literally meaning two ‘he's being together. It later also further develops into ‘sheshe’ for lesbians. The discussion and fantasization of homosexuality has entered popular culture in Hong Kong since then. </p><p>Although the queer pop culture might not necessarily be equal to supporting gay equality, Hong Kong records certain cases of the queer pop culture connecting with the LGBT movement. During the 2014 Hong Kong Umbrella Revolution, two student leaders <a href="/wiki/Alex_Chow" title="Alex Chow">Alex Chow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lester_Shum" title="Lester Shum">Lester Shum</a> were made ‘couple’ on several social medias.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fandom appear in appreciating the intimacy of the two leaders, naming them ‘Alexter’ which consists of their names. Facebook community called ‘Lester Alex He He Group’<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also gain 30362 followers sharing photos and animation of the two together. This boys’ love community to a point line up with the LGBT movement by joining the 2014 Hong Kong Gay Pride. The rise of this kind of queer pop culture to a certain extent show a rise in public acceptance in homosexuality. According to Jamie J. Zhao<b>, ‘</b>queer pop culture and fandom, facilitated by the wide use of the Internet and digital media, and these relatively improved socio-cultural situations for the survival of LGBTQ people’.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the case of Hong Kong, the ‘hehe’ fandom sometimes provide popular and cultural ways to promote homosexual equality to the public, making a connection between pop culture and social-political impact. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Entertainment_industry">Entertainment industry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Entertainment industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several Hong Kong stars or singers ‘came out’ publicly in supporting the LGBT movement, sparking discussion on homosexuality among stardoms. In 2012, Hong Kong singer <a href="/wiki/Denise_Ho" title="Denise Ho">Denise Ho</a>, also known as HOCC, ‘came out’ in the Gay Pride Parade, causing changes in her fandom. According to Maud Lavin, ‘the tension between queer and normal has shifted from the heteronormative negotiation of a “proper” female gender and accorded sexuality to the negotiation of a “proper” lesbian embodiment within her fandom’.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her coming-out marks a great step in influencing fandom or even public direction of discussing on homosexual celebrities. Ho also remarked that ‘the public has been really positive about what [she] have done.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>’. The label of being homosexual is brought into public's interpretation of her music, making homosexuality a topic for casual discussion. </p><p>The number of works in relation to LGBT in the music industry also increased with the promotion of lyric-writers. Some famous lyric-writers have been creating songs about homosexuality and use them as media to link homosexuality to the public. For example, Wyman Wong created songs ranging from ‘Rosemary’ to ‘Illuminati’ hinting the transient beauty of love between same gender.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his songs he challenges the binary concept of gender and records the sufferings of LGBT community,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> making the public recognize problems faced by the community more easily. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literature">Literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hong Kong Poet Nicholas Wong in 2016 won the American LGBT Literary Award, Lambda Literary Award, with his poetry Crevasse.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is the first in Hong Kong winning this award. He is named ‘Gay Poet’ after his show up in the award. In his interview, he emphasizes his works are based on view of the queers.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_residents">Notable residents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notable residents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Chan_Chi-chuen" title="Raymond Chan Chi-chuen">Raymond Chan Chi-chuen</a> ("Slow beat")<sup id="cite_ref-ChengJennifer_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChengJennifer-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigi_Chao" title="Gigi Chao">Gigi Chao</a><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Cheung_Kwok-wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Leslie Cheung Kwok-wing">Leslie Cheung Kwok-wing</a><sup id="cite_ref-ChengJennifer_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChengJennifer-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denise_Ho_Wan-sze" class="mw-redirect" title="Denise Ho Wan-sze">Denise Ho Wan-sze</a><sup id="cite_ref-ChengJennifer_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChengJennifer-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanne_Leung" title="Joanne Leung">Joanne Leung Wing-yan</a><sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Joyce_Loo" title="Ellen Joyce Loo">Ellen Joyce Loo</a><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Wong_(singer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthony Wong (singer)">Anthony Wong Yiu-ming</a><sup id="cite_ref-Stadium_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stadium-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yip_Pui_Yin" title="Yip Pui Yin">Yip Pui-yin</a><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in Hong Kong">LGBT history in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Hong_Kong" title="LGBT rights in Hong Kong">LGBT rights in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hong_Kong_LGBTQ-related_films" title="Category:Hong Kong LGBTQ-related films">Category:Hong Kong LGBTQ-related films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_Hong_Kong" title="HIV/AIDS in Hong Kong">HIV/AIDS in Hong Kong</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFYau2010" class="citation book cs1">Yau, Ching (2010). <i>As Normal As Possible</i>. 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Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. pp. 51–72. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789622099869" title="Special:BookSources/9789622099869"><bdi>9789622099869</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1xwgvm.8">j.ctt1xwgvm.8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+Lesbian+Haven+or+Everyday+Life%3F&rft.btitle=As+Normal+as+Possible&rft.place=Hong+Kong&rft.pages=51-72&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctt1xwgvm.8%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=9789622099869&rft.aulast=Yau&rft.aufirst=Ching&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+culture+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Editors of Time Out." <i>Time Out Hong Kong</i>. <a href="/wiki/Time_Out_(magazine)" title="Time Out (magazine)">Time Out</a>, 8 November 2011. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1846701147" title="Special:BookSources/1846701147">1846701147</a>, 9781846701146. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mU31AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA235">235</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tang, Denise, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HdLb9GQBReYC&pg=PA90">90</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rainbowhk.org">"News"</a>. <i>Rainbow of Hong Kong</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rainbow+of+Hong+Kong&rft.atitle=News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rainbowhk.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+culture+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pinkalliance.hk">"Pink Alliance 粉紅同盟 | TCJM 同志社區聯席會議"</a>. <i>Pink Alliance</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pink+Alliance&rft.atitle=Pink+Alliance+%E7%B2%89%E7%B4%85%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F+%26%23124%3B+TCJM+%E5%90%8C%E5%BF%97%E7%A4%BE%E5%8D%80%E8%81%AF%E5%B8%AD%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpinkalliance.hk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+culture+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130512180023/http://www.hkedcity.net/iclub_files/a/1/69/resource/200311/7450_1082002551.pdf">"Guidelines on Sex Education in Schools 學校性教育指引"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Education Bureau</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hkedcity.net/iclub_files/a/1/69/resource/200311/7450_1082002551.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 12 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Education+Bureau&rft.atitle=Guidelines+on+Sex+Education+in+Schools+%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1%E6%80%A7%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hkedcity.net%2Ficlub_files%2Fa%2F1%2F69%2Fresource%2F200311%2F7450_1082002551.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+culture+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legco.gov.hk/research-publications/english/1718in03-sexuality-education-20180109-e.pdf">"Sexuality Education"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://travel.cnn.com/hong-kong/life/lgbt-community-hong-kong-are-they-accepted-143728">Is it OK to be gay in Hong Kong?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150301024414/http://travel.cnn.com/hong-kong/life/lgbt-community-hong-kong-are-they-accepted-143728">Archived</a> 2015-03-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150301024414/http://travel.cnn.com/hong-kong/life/lgbt-community-hong-kong-are-they-accepted-143728">Archive</a>). <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. 18 August 2010. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hk.appledaily.com/news/20201112/VWUFRZYC6ZBJ7PG2JEYLPSQND4/">the original</a> on 13 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Apple+Daily&rft.atitle=Police+ban+annual+Hong+Kong+rally+of+gays+and+lebisans&rft.date=2020-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhk.appledaily.com%2Fnews%2F20201112%2FVWUFRZYC6ZBJ7PG2JEYLPSQND4%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+culture+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hkfp1-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hkfp1_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrundy2015" class="citation news cs1">Grundy, Tom (20 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hongkongfp.com/2015/09/20/over-15000-attend-gay-equality-rally-as-hong-kong-lags-years-behind-on-lgbtq-rights/">"Sea of Pink: Over 15,000 attend gay equality rally as Hong Kong lags years behind on LGBTQ rights"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Free_Press" title="Hong Kong Free Press">Hong Kong Free Press</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hong+Kong+Free+Press&rft.atitle=Sea+of+Pink%3A+Over+15%2C000+attend+gay+equality+rally+as+Hong+Kong+lags+years+behind+on+LGBTQ+rights&rft.date=2015-09-20&rft.aulast=Grundy&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hongkongfp.com%2F2015%2F09%2F20%2Fover-15000-attend-gay-equality-rally-as-hong-kong-lags-years-behind-on-lgbtq-rights%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+culture+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://balcs.hkbu.edu.hk/staff.php?staff_class=ts&staff_id=12">Dr. KAM Yip Lo, Lucetta | 金曄路博士</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000217/http://balcs.hkbu.edu.hk/staff.php?staff_class=ts&staff_id=12">Archived</a> 4 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Baptist_University" title="Hong Kong Baptist University">Hong Kong Baptist University</a>. Retrieved on 26 September 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeout.com.hk/film/events/69115/hong-kong-lesbian-and-gay-film-festival-2014.html">Hong Kong Lesbian and Gay Film Festival 2014</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006162737/http://www.timeout.com.hk/film/events/69115/hong-kong-lesbian-and-gay-film-festival-2014.html">Archived</a> 6 October 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <i><a href="/wiki/Time_Out_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Out Hong Kong">Time Out Hong Kong</a></i>. Retrieved on October 4, 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichards2016" class="citation book cs1">Richards, Stuard (2016). <i>The Queer Film Festival: Popcorn and Politics</i>. 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"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1082499/lgbts-seek-ban-discriminating-against-them">Hong Kong's LGBT community seeks ban on discrimination</a>." <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i>. Thursday, 15 November 2012. Updated: Saturday, 17 November 2012. Print title: "Reaching out for tolerance". Retrieved on 27 September 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chan, Wilfred. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2014/02/11/world/asia/gigi-chao-interview-hong-kong/">Tycoon's lesbian daughter Gigi Chao shakes up conservative Hong Kong</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141002173220/http://www.cnn.com/2014/02/11/world/asia/gigi-chao-interview-hong-kong">Archived</a> 2014-10-02 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141002173220/http://www.cnn.com/2014/02/11/world/asia/gigi-chao-interview-hong-kong">Archive</a>). <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. 11 February 2014. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hornet&rft.atitle=Singer+Ellen+Joyce+Loo+Came+Out+at+the+Taiwan+Music+Awards+After+Years+of+Hinting&rft.date=2017-07-03&rft.aulast=Networks&rft.aufirst=Hornet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhornet.com%2Fstories%2Fellen-joyce-loo-came-out-taiwan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+culture+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF體路2021" class="citation web cs1">體路 (13 August 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sportsroad.hk/archives/345425">"葉姵延積極參與同樂運動會盼大眾注意力放在體育"</a>. <i>體路 Sportsroad</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E9%AB%94%E8%B7%AF+Sportsroad&rft.atitle=%E8%91%89%E5%A7%B5%E5%BB%B6%E7%A9%8D%E6%A5%B5%E5%8F%83%E8%88%87%E5%90%8C%E6%A8%82%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E6%9C%83+%E7%9B%BC%E5%A4%A7%E7%9C%BE%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F%E5%8A%9B%E6%94%BE%E5%9C%A8%E9%AB%94%E8%82%B2&rft.date=2021-08-13&rft.au=%E9%AB%94%E8%B7%AF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sportsroad.hk%2Farchives%2F345425&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+culture+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Tang, Denise She-Tsang (<span lang="zh-Hant">鄧芝珊</span>; <span lang="zh-Hans">邓芝珊</span>; <i><span lang="yue-Latn-jyutping">dang6 zi1 saan1</span></i>; <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Dèng Zhīshān</span></i>). <i>Conditional Spaces: Hong Kong Lesbian Desires and Everyday Life</i> (Volume 1 of Queer Asia). <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_University_Press" title="Hong Kong University Press">Hong Kong University Press</a>, 1 May 2011. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9888083015" title="Special:BookSources/9888083015">9888083015</a>, 978-9888083015.</li></ul> <p>• <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.archive.org/details/towards-full-citizenship-5th-edition-2024-webpdf">[2]</a> Towards Full Citizenship: A Preliminary Checklist of Hong Kong Gay/Lesbian-related Works = 向光明: 香港同志情形的參考書/片目. Latest edition: 5th ed. (2024), online PDF manuscript (628p.); (also 4th ed. (2021) available in print and online PDF; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789881459138" title="Special:BookSources/9789881459138">9789881459138</a>). For online editions, go to the Internet Archive [click above link for 5th ed.; (3rd and 4th eds. also at Internet Archive)]. Access also to various earlier digital and print editions at Library and Archives Canada website (Aurora catalogue) or via OCLC WorldCat catalog. </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Hong_Kong" title="Outline of Hong Kong">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_articles_related_to_Hong_Kong" title="Index of articles related to Hong Kong">Index of articles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hong_Kong" title="History of Hong Kong">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Hong_Kong" title="Prehistoric Hong Kong">Prehistoric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hong_Kong_under_Imperial_China" title="History of Hong Kong under Imperial China">Imperial China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bao%27an_County" title="Bao'an County">Bao'an County and Xin'an County</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Hong_Kong" title="British Hong Kong">British colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hong_Kong_(1800s%E2%80%931930s)" title="History of Hong Kong (1800s–1930s)">1800s–1930s</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_during_World_War_I" title="Hong Kong during World War I">WWI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hong_Kong" title="Battle of Hong Kong">Battle of Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Hong_Kong" title="Japanese occupation of Hong Kong">Japanese occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950s_in_Hong_Kong" title="1950s in Hong Kong">1950s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960s_in_Hong_Kong" title="1960s in Hong Kong">1960s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970s_in_Hong_Kong" title="1970s in Hong Kong">1970s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980s_in_Hong_Kong" title="1980s in Hong Kong">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990s_in_Hong_Kong" title="1990s in Hong Kong">1990s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handover_of_Hong_Kong" title="Handover of Hong Kong">Handover of Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000s_in_Hong_Kong" title="2000s in Hong Kong">2000s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010s_in_Hong_Kong" title="2010s in Hong Kong">2010s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020s_in_Hong_Kong" title="2020s in Hong Kong">2020s</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Hong_Kong" title="Geography of Hong Kong">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Hong_Kong" title="Districts of Hong Kong">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_pollution_in_Hong_Kong" title="Air pollution in Hong Kong">Air pollution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of places in Hong Kong">Areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bays_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of bays in Hong Kong">Bays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaches_of_Hong_Kong" title="Beaches of Hong Kong">Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buildings_and_structures_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of buildings and structures in Hong Kong">Buildings and structures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_channels_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of channels in Hong Kong">Channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of towns in Hong Kong">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_in_Hong_Kong" title="Conservation in Hong Kong">Country parks and conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Hong_Kong" title="Environment of Hong Kong">Ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_reclamation_in_Hong_Kong" title="Land reclamation in Hong Kong">Land reclamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_harbours_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of harbours in Hong Kong">Harbours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_and_peninsulas_of_Hong_Kong" title="List of islands and peninsulas of Hong Kong">Islands and peninsulas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="List of lakes of Hong Kong">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_parks_in_Hong_Kong" title="Marine parks in Hong Kong">Marine parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains,_peaks_and_hills_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of mountains, peaks and hills in Hong Kong">Mountains and peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_public_parks_and_gardens_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of urban public parks and gardens in Hong Kong">Public parks and gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reservoirs_of_Hong_Kong" title="List of reservoirs of Hong Kong">Reservoirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_and_nullahs_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of rivers and nullahs in Hong Kong">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of villages in Hong Kong">Villages</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hong_Kong" title="Politics of Hong Kong">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March_of_the_Volunteers" title="March of the Volunteers">National anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Basic_Law" title="Hong Kong Basic Law">Basic Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_Hong_Kong" title="Chief Executive of Hong Kong">Chief Executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Hong_Kong" title="Districts of Hong Kong">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Hong_Kong" title="Elections in Hong Kong">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Hong_Kong" title="Emblem of Hong Kong">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Hong_Kong" title="Flag of Hong Kong">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Hong_Kong" title="Foreign relations of Hong Kong">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Hong_Kong" title="Government of Hong Kong">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_independence" title="Hong Kong independence">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Hong_Kong" title="Judiciary of Hong Kong">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Hong_Kong" title="Law of Hong Kong">Legal system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong" title="Legislative Council of Hong Kong">Legislative Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Hong_Kong" title="LGBT rights in Hong Kong">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Hong_Kong_Garrison" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_country,_two_systems" title="One country, two systems">One country, two systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of political parties in Hong Kong">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong protests">Protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-British_Joint_Declaration" title="Sino-British Joint Declaration">Sino-British Joint Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions of China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Civil_Service" title="Hong Kong Civil Service">Public services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Hong_Kong" title="Education in Hong Kong">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Fire_Services_Department" title="Hong Kong Fire Services Department">Fire services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Health_Bureau" title="Food and Health Bureau">Food and Health Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Hong_Kong" title="Health in Hong Kong">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Police_Force" title="Hong Kong Police Force">Police</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hong_Kong" title="Economy of Hong Kong">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of banks in Hong Kong">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Hong_Kong" title="List of companies of Hong Kong">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_dollar" title="Hong Kong dollar">Dollar <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Employment_in_Hong_Kong" title="Employment in Hong Kong">Employment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawkers_in_Hong_Kong" title="Hawkers in Hong Kong">Hawkers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Hong_Kong" title="Port of Hong Kong">Port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Stock_Exchange" title="Hong Kong Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Hong_Kong" title="Communications in Hong Kong">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_(business)" title="Hong (business)">The Hongs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Hong_Kong" title="Tourism in Hong Kong">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transport_of_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport of Hong Kong">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airlines_of_Hong_Kong" title="List of airlines of Hong Kong">Airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_International_Airport" title="Hong Kong International Airport">Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_services_in_Hong_Kong" title="Bus services in Hong Kong">Buses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_Hong_Kong" title="Cycling in Hong Kong">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Hong_Kong#Ferries" title="Transport in Hong Kong">Ferries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_streets_and_roads_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of streets and roads in Hong Kong">List of roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Hong_Kong" title="Rail transport in Hong Kong">Rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxicabs_of_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicabs of Hong Kong">Taxis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Hong_Kong" title="Crime in Hong Kong">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Hong_Kong" title="Prostitution in Hong Kong">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking_in_Hong_Kong" title="Sex trafficking in Hong Kong">Sex trafficking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Hong_Kong" title="Culture of Hong Kong">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Hong_Kong" title="Architecture of Hong Kong">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Hong_Kong" title="Cinema of Hong Kong">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_comics" title="Hong Kong comics">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheung_Chau_Bun_Festival" title="Cheung Chau Bun Festival">Cheung Chau Bun Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine" title="Hong Kong cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Hong_Kong" title="Gambling in Hong Kong">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graffiti_in_Hong_Kong" title="Graffiti in Hong Kong">Graffiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_conservation_in_Hong_Kong" title="Heritage conservation in Hong Kong">Heritage conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauhinia_%C3%97_blakeana" title="Bauhinia × blakeana">Hong Kong orchid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Hong_Kong" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Hong Kong">Honours system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_nationalism" title="Hong Kong nationalism">Hong Kong nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Hong_Kong" title="Languages of Hong Kong">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT culture in Hong Kong">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion_Rock_Spirit" title="Lion Rock Spirit">Lion Rock Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_literature" title="Hong Kong literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDull" title="McDull">McDull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Hong_Kong" title="Media of Hong Kong">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of museums in Hong Kong">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Hong_Kong" title="Music of Hong Kong">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngai_jong" title="Ngai jong">Ngai jong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong people">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Hong_Kong" title="Demographics of Hong Kong">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Hong_Kong" title="Women in Hong Kong">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Hong_Kong" title="Youth in Hong Kong">Youth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Hong_Kong" title="Public holidays in Hong Kong">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hong_Kong" title="Religion in Hong Kong">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTHK" title="RTHK">RTHK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopping_in_Hong_Kong" title="Shopping in Hong Kong">Shopping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Hong_Kong" title="Sport in Hong Kong">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Hong_Kong" title="Television in Hong Kong">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_art_of_Hong_Kong" title="Visual art of Hong Kong">Visual art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglosphere" title="Anglosphere">Anglosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CJKV" class="mw-redirect" title="CJKV">CJKV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinosphere" title="Sinosphere">Sinosphere</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sexuality_and_gender_in_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sexuality_and_gender_in_China" title="Template:Sexuality and gender in China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sexuality_and_gender_in_China" title="Template talk:Sexuality and gender in China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sexuality_and_gender_in_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sexuality and gender in China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sexuality_and_gender_in_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_China" title="Sexuality in China">Sexuality</a> and gender in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Women_in_China" title="Women in China">Women</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-China_Women%27s_Federation" title="All-China Women's Federation">All-China Women's Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagongmei" title="Dagongmei">Female migrant workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_China" title="Feminism in China">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_health_in_China" title="Women's health in China">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globalization_and_women_in_China" title="Globalization and women in China">Globalization and women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_ideals_of_female_beauty" title="Chinese ideals of female beauty">Ideals of female beauty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_ancient_and_imperial_China" title="Women in ancient and imperial China">In ancient and imperial times</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foot_binding" title="Foot binding">Foot binding</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Good_Wife,_Wise_Mother" title="Good Wife, Wise Mother">Good Wife, Wise Mother</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Three_Obediences_and_Four_Virtues" title="Three Obediences and Four Virtues">Three Obediences and Four Virtues</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missing_women_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Missing women of China">Missing women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_China" title="Prostitution in China">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_preference_in_China" title="Son preference in China">Son preference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Female_infanticide_in_China" title="Female infanticide in China">Female infanticide</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_marriage" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese marriage">Marriage</a> and family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese-foreign_marriages_in_mainland_China" title="Chinese-foreign marriages in mainland China">Chinese-foreign marriages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_planning_policies_of_China" title="Family planning policies of China">Family planning policies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One-child_policy" title="One-child policy">One-child policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-child_policy" title="Two-child policy">Two-child policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-child_policy" title="Three-child policy">Three-child policy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_ghost_marriage" title="Chinese ghost marriage">Ghost marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_modern_China" title="Marriage in modern China">Marriage in modern China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naked_marriage_in_China" title="Naked marriage in China">Naked marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Marriage_Law" title="New Marriage Law">New Marriage Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyandry_in_Tibet" title="Polyandry in Tibet">Polyandry in Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_marriage" title="Traditional Chinese marriage">Traditional Chinese marriage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">LGBT</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in China">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_in_China" title="Homosexuality in China">Homosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex_rights_in_China" title="Intersex rights in China">Intersex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Beijing" title="LGBTQ culture in Beijing">LGBTQ culture in Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Chengdu" title="LGBTQ culture in Chengdu">LGBTQ culture in Chengdu</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">LGBTQ culture in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Shanghai" title="LGBTQ culture in Shanghai">LGBTQ culture in Shanghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in China">Rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Recognition_of_same-sex_unions_in_China" title="Recognition of same-sex unions in China">same-sex unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Tibet" title="LGBT rights in Tibet">Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Hong_Kong" title="LGBT rights in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Macau">Macau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Transgender in China">Transgender</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="LGBTQ_culture_worldwide" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LGBTcultureworldwide" title="Template:LGBTcultureworldwide"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LGBTcultureworldwide" title="Template talk:LGBTcultureworldwide"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LGBTcultureworldwide" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LGBTcultureworldwide"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="LGBTQ_culture_worldwide" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture" title="LGBTQ culture">LGBTQ culture</a> worldwide</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Argentina" title="LGBTQ culture in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Brazil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LGBTQ culture in Brazil (page does not exist)">Brazil</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura_LGBT_en_Brasil" class="extiw" title="es:Cultura LGBT en Brasil">es</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBTQ in Canada">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Vancouver" title="LGBTQ culture in Vancouver">Vancouver</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Mexico" title="LGBTQ culture in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li>United States <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:LGBTQ_culture_in_the_United_States" title="Template:LGBTQ culture in the United States">By city</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>China <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Beijing" title="LGBTQ culture in Beijing">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Chengdu" title="LGBTQ culture in Chengdu">Chengdu</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Shanghai" title="LGBTQ culture in Shanghai">Shanghai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_India" title="LGBTQ culture in India">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Bangalore" title="LGBTQ culture in Bangalore">Bangalore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Chennai" title="LGBTQ culture in Chennai">Chennai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Hyderabad" title="LGBTQ culture in Hyderabad">Hyderabad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Japan" title="LGBTQ culture in Japan">Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Tokyo" title="LGBTQ culture in Tokyo">Tokyo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_the_Philippines" title="LGBTQ culture in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Russia" title="LGBTQ culture in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Singapore" title="LGBTQ culture in Singapore">Singapore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Austria (<a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Vienna" title="LGBTQ culture in Vienna">Vienna</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBTQ in France">France</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBTI_en_France" class="extiw" title="fr:LGBTI en France">fr</a>]</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Paris" title="LGBTQ culture in Paris">Paris</a></li></ul></li> <li>Germany <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Berlin" title="LGBTQ culture in Berlin">Berlin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Ireland" title="LGBTQ culture in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Russia" title="LGBTQ culture in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li>United Kingdom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Brighton_and_Hove" title="LGBTQ culture in Brighton and Hove">Brighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Cardiff" title="LGBTQ culture in Cardiff">Cardiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Leeds" title="LGBTQ culture in Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Liverpool" title="LGBTQ culture in Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_London" title="LGBTQ culture in London">London</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_in_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBTQ in Australia">Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_culture_in_Sydney" title="LGBTQ culture in Sydney">Sydney</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBTQ in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&oldid=1256471561">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_culture_in_Hong_Kong&oldid=1256471561</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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