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obvezno." class=""><span>Ustvari račun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Prijava&returnto=Su%C5%BEenjstvo&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26section%3D4" title="Prijava je zaželena, vendar ni obvezna [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Prijava</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Več možnosti" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osebna orodja" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet 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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Ustvari račun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Prijava&returnto=Su%C5%BEenjstvo&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26section%3D4" title="Prijava je zaželena, vendar ni obvezna [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Prijava</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strani za neprijavljene urejevalce <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Uvod" aria-label="Več o urejanju"><span>več o tem</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:MojiPrispevki" title="Seznam urejanj s tega IP-naslova [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Prispevki</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:MojPogovor" title="Pogovor o urejanjih s tega IP-naslova [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pogovorna stran</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Ogled vira Suženjstvo</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Dodajte članke v drugih jezikih." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Dodaj jezike</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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Lahko tudi pošljete e-pošto v čakalno vrsto <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">upravnikov</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> na <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd>, vključno z vsemi zgornjimi podatki.</div></div><hr /> <p>Vsebino te strani si lahko ogledate in jo kopirate. </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="sl" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">=== Prvotna oblika suženjstva === V antiki je bilo suženjstvo le ena od oblik socialnega razmerja med osebami in kot tako splošno sprejeto in upravičeno. Upoštevajo ga med drugimi tudi [[Sveto pismo]] (tako hebrejsko kot krščansko), [[Aristotel]]ovi spisi, [[islamsko pravo]], [[hindujska besedila]] in [[Kitajci|kitajska]] [[tradicija]], kjer je bilo suženjstvo (''xi'') normalno že v drugem tisočletju pr.n.št. Tako kitajski kot [[Mezopotamija|mezopotamski]] zakoni v najzgodnejših [[pravo|pravnih]] virih obravnavajo suženjstvo kot sestavni del družbe. [[Hamurabijev zakonik]] (približno 1760 pred našim štetjem) predpisuje smrt za kogarkoli, ki pomaga pri pobegu sužnja ali mu daje zavetje.<ref name="wsu. edu">{{navedi splet|url = http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/MESO/CODE.HTM|title = Mesopotamia: The Code of Hammurabi|quote = e. g. Prologue, "the shepherd of the oppressed and of the slaves". Code of Laws #7, "If any one buy from the son or the slave of another man".|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110514033802/http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/MESO/CODE.HTM|archivedate = 2011-05-14}}</ref> Tudi ena najzgodnejših svetopisemskih knjig opravičuje suženjstvo z zgodbo [[Noe|Noetovega]] sina Hama.<ref name="Slavery">{{navedi splet |url = http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24156|title = Historical survey: Slave-owning societies|work = Encyclopædia Britannica|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070223090720/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24156|archivedate = 2007-02-23}}</ref> Suženjstvo je bilo prisotno v vseh antičnih in pred-antičnih družbah na vseh [[celina]]h in v vseh [[kultura]]h, vendar se je kot razmerje med neenakopravnimi osebami v marsičem razlikovalo glede na kraj in dobo. Vzrok za suženjstvo je bil različen. V najstarejših časih so bili sužnji v glavnem vojni ujetniki in gospodarji so imeli nad njimi pravico življenja in smrti. Sužnji so bili tudi zapuščeni otroci in kaznjenci. Status sužnja je bil večinoma tudi podedovan.<ref>Demography, Geography and the Sources of Roman Slaves, by Harris, W. V.: ''The Journal of Roman Studies'', 1999</ref> Ponekod so bili sužnji izenačeni z domačimi živalmi, se pravi da so bili dolžni brezpogojno delati po gospodarjevem ukazu, za kar jim je bila dana možnost (ne pravica) preživetja. Drugod so bili sužnji, sicer vedno brez osebne svobode, vključeni v družinsko ali srenjsko življenje, torej nekakšni dosmrtni brezpravni služabniki. V nekaterih primerih, ko so bili sužnji izobražene osebe, so jim dalekovidni gospodarji celo zaupali vzgojo otrok. Zato je mogoče opredeliti države antike v dve skupini, in sicer v skupnosti, ker so živeli tudi sužnji, in v prave '''suženjske države'''. 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