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One of the horns was longer than the other but grew up later. <a href="/nlt/daniel/8.htm">New Living Translation</a> As I looked up, I saw a ram with two long horns standing beside the river. One of the horns was longer than the other, even though it had grown later than the other one. <a href="/esv/daniel/8.htm">English Standard Version</a> I raised my eyes and saw, and behold, a ram standing on the bank of the canal. It had two horns, and both horns were high, but one was higher than the other, and the higher one came up last. <a href="/bsb/daniel/8.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> Then I lifted up my eyes and saw a ram with two horns standing beside the canal. The horns were long, but one was longer than the other, and the longer one grew up later. <a href="/kjv/daniel/8.htm">King James Bible</a> Then I lifted up mine eyes, and saw, and, behold, there stood before the river a ram which had two horns: and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher came up last. <a href="/nkjv/daniel/8.htm">New King James Version</a> Then I lifted my eyes and saw, and there, standing beside the river, was a ram which had two horns, and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher one came up last. <a href="/nasb_/daniel/8.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> Then I raised my eyes and looked, and behold, a ram which had two horns was standing in front of the canal. Now the two horns were long, but one was longer than the other, with the longer one coming up last. <a href="/nasb/daniel/8.htm">NASB 1995</a> Then I lifted my eyes and looked, and behold, a ram which had two horns was standing in front of the canal. Now the two horns were long, but one was longer than the other, with the longer one coming up last. <a href="/nasb77/daniel/8.htm">NASB 1977 </a> Then I lifted my gaze and looked, and behold, a ram which had two horns was standing in front of the canal. Now the two horns were long, but one was longer than the other, with the longer one coming up last. <a href="/lsb/daniel/8.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Then I lifted my eyes and looked, and behold, a ram which had two horns was standing in front of the canal. Now the two horns were long, but one was longer than the other, with the longer one coming up last. <a href="/amp/daniel/8.htm">Amplified Bible</a> Then I raised my eyes and looked, and behold, there in front of the canal stood a [lone] ram (the Medo-Persian Empire) which had two horns. The two horns were high, but one (Persia) was higher than the other (Media), and the higher one came up last. <a href="/csb/daniel/8.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> I looked up, and there was a ram standing beside the canal. He had two horns. The two horns were long, but one was longer than the other, and the longer one came up last. <a href="/hcsb/daniel/8.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> I looked up, and there was a ram standing beside the canal. He had two horns. The two horns were long, but one was longer than the other, and the longer one came up last. <a href="/asv/daniel/8.htm">American Standard Version</a> Then I lifted up mine eyes, and saw, and, behold, there stood before the river a ram which had two horns: and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher came up last. <a href="/cev/daniel/8.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> when I looked up and saw a ram standing there with two horns on its head--both of them were long, but the second one was longer than the first. <a href="/erv/daniel/8.htm">English Revised Version</a> Then I lifted up mine eyes, and saw, and, behold, there stood before the river a ram which had two horns: and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher came up last. <a href="/gwt/daniel/8.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> I looked up and saw a single ram standing beside the gate. The ram had two long horns, one longer than the other, though the longer one had grown up later. <a href="/gnt/daniel/8.htm">Good News Translation</a> and there beside the river I saw a ram that had two long horns, one of which was longer and newer than the other. <a href="/isv/daniel/8.htm">International Standard Version</a> "Then I turned my head to look, and to my surprise, a two-horned ram was standing beside the canal. The two horns grew long, the first one growing longer than the second, with the longer one springing up last. <a href="/msb/daniel/8.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> Then I lifted up my eyes and saw a ram with two horns standing beside the canal. The horns were long, but one was longer than the other, and the longer one grew up later. <a href="/net/daniel/8.htm">NET Bible</a> I looked up and saw a ram with two horns standing at the canal. Its two horns were both long, but one was longer than the other. The longer one was coming up after the shorter one. <a href="/nheb/daniel/8.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> Then I lifted up my eyes, and saw, and look, there stood before the river a ram which had two horns. And the two horns were long, but one was longer than the other, and the longer one came up last. <a href="/wbt/daniel/8.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> Then I lifted up my eyes, and saw, and behold, there stood before the river a ram which had two horns: and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher came up last. <a href="/web/daniel/8.htm">World English Bible</a> Then I lifted up my eyes and saw, and behold, a ram which had two horns stood before the river. The two horns were high, but one was higher than the other, and the higher came up last. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/daniel/8.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> And I lift up my eyes, and look, and behold, a certain ram is standing before the stream, and it has two horns, and the two horns [are] high; and one [is] higher than the other, and the high one is coming up last. <a href="/ylt/daniel/8.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> And I lift up mine eyes, and look, and lo, a certain ram is standing before the stream, and it hath two horns, and the two horns are high; and the one is higher than the other, and the high one is coming up last. <a href="/slt/daniel/8.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And I shall lift up mine eyes, and I shall see, and behold, one ram stood before the stream, and horns to him: and the horns high; and the one high above the second, and the high came up at the last.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/daniel/8.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> And I lifted up my eyes, and saw: and behold a ram stood before the water, having two high horns, and one higher than the other, and growing up. Afterward <a href="/cpdv/daniel/8.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> And I lifted up my eyes and saw, and behold, a single ram stood before the marsh, having two high horns, and one was higher than the other and growing higher still. <a href="/nabre/daniel/8.htm">New American Bible</a> I looked up and saw standing by the river a ram with two great horns, the one larger and newer than the other. <a href="/nrsvce/daniel/8.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> I looked up and saw a ram standing beside the river. It had two horns. Both horns were long, but one was longer than the other, and the longer one came up second.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/daniel/8.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> Then I lifted up my eyes and saw, and behold, there stood before the river Abol a ram which had two horns; and the two horns were high, but one was higher than the other, and the higher one came up last. <a href="/hpbt/daniel/8.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> [Darius the Mede] and I raised my eyes, and I saw, and behold, one ram standing before Abul, and it had horns, and its horns were high, and one higher than its neighbor, and this high one afterward grew up<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/daniel/8.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> And I lifted up mine eyes, and saw, and, behold, there stood before the stream a ram which had two horns; and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher came up last. <a href="/sep/daniel/8.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> And I lifted up mine eyes, and saw, and, behold, a ram standing in front of the Ubal; and he had high horns; and one was higher than the other, and the high one came up last. <a href="/parallel/daniel/8-3.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/shUZJK-vYxI?start=2838" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/daniel/8.htm">Daniel's Vision of the Ram and the Goat</a> …2And in the vision I saw myself in the citadel of Susa, in the province of Elam. I saw in the vision that I was beside the Ulai Canal. 3<a href="/hebrew/5375.htm" title="5375: wā·’eś·śā (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-1cs) -- Or nacah ('abad); a primitive root; to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absol. And rel.">Then I lifted up</a> <a href="/hebrew/5869.htm" title="5869: ‘ê·nay (N-cdc:: 1cs) -- An eye. Probably a primitive word; an eye; by analogy, a fountain.">my eyes</a> <a href="/hebrew/7200.htm" title="7200: wā·’er·’eh (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-1cs) -- To see. A primitive root; to see, literally or figuratively.">and saw</a> <a href="/hebrew/2009.htm" title="2009: wə·hin·nêh (Conj-w:: Interjection) -- Lo! behold! Prolongation for hen; lo!"></a> <a href="/hebrew/259.htm" title="259: ’e·ḥāḏ (Number-ms) -- One. A numeral from 'achad; properly, united, i.e. One; or first."></a> <a href="/hebrew/352.htm" title="352: ’a·yil (N-ms) -- From the same as 'uwl; properly, strength; hence, anything strong; specifically a chief; also a ram; a pilaster; an oak or other strong tree.">a ram</a> <a href="/hebrew/wə·lōw (Conj-w:: Prep:: 3ms) -- ">with</a> <a href="/hebrew/7161.htm" title="7161: qə·rā·nā·yim (N-fd) -- From qaran; a horn; by implication, a flask, cornet; by resembl. An elephant's tooth, a corner, a peak, a ray; figuratively, power.">two horns</a> <a href="/hebrew/5975.htm" title="5975: ‘ō·mêḏ (V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- To take one's stand, stand. A primitive root; to stand, in various relations.">standing</a> <a href="/hebrew/6440.htm" title="6440: lip̄·nê (Prep-l:: N-cpc) -- Face, faces. Plural of an unused noun; the face; used in a great variety of applications; also as a preposition.">beside</a> <a href="/hebrew/180.htm" title="180: hā·’u·ḇāl (Art:: N-ms) -- A stream, river. Or ubal; from yabal; a stream.">the canal.</a> <a href="/hebrew/7161.htm" title="7161: wə·haq·qə·rā·na·yim (Conj-w, Art:: N-fd) -- From qaran; a horn; by implication, a flask, cornet; by resembl. An elephant's tooth, a corner, a peak, a ray; figuratively, power.">The horns</a> <a href="/hebrew/1364.htm" title="1364: gə·ḇō·hō·wṯ (Adj-fp) -- High, exalted. Or gabowahh; from gabahh; elevated, powerful, arrogant.">were long,</a> <a href="/hebrew/259.htm" title="259: wə·hā·’a·ḥaṯ (Conj-w, Art:: Number-fs) -- One. A numeral from 'achad; properly, united, i.e. One; or first.">but one</a> <a href="/hebrew/1364.htm" title="1364: gə·ḇō·hāh (Adj-fs) -- High, exalted. Or gabowahh; from gabahh; elevated, powerful, arrogant.">was longer</a> <a href="/hebrew/4480.htm" title="4480: min- (Prep) -- From. Or minniy; or minney; for men; properly, a part of; hence, from or out of in many senses.">than</a> <a href="/hebrew/8145.htm" title="8145: haš·šê·nîṯ (Art:: Number-ofs) -- Second (an ord. number). From shanah; properly, double, i.e. Second; also adverbially, again.">the other,</a> <a href="/hebrew/1364.htm" title="1364: wə·hag·gə·ḇō·hāh (Conj-w, Art:: Adj-fs) -- High, exalted. Or gabowahh; from gabahh; elevated, powerful, arrogant.">and the longer</a> <a href="/hebrew/5927.htm" title="5927: ‘ō·lāh (V-Qal-Prtcpl-fs) -- A primitive root; to ascend, intransitively or actively; used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative.">one grew up</a> <a href="/hebrew/314.htm" title="314: bā·’a·ḥă·rō·nāh (Prep-b, Art:: Adj-fs) -- Coming after or behind. Or;acharon; from 'achar; hinder; generally, late or last; specifically western.">later.</a> 4I saw the ram charging toward the west and the north and the south. No animal could stand against him, and there was no deliverance from his power. He did as he pleased and became great.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/revelation/13-1.htm">Revelation 13:1-2</a> Then I saw a beast with ten horns and seven heads rising out of the sea. There were ten royal crowns on its horns and blasphemous names on its heads. / The beast I saw was like a leopard, with the feet of a bear and the mouth of a lion. And the dragon gave the beast his power and his throne and great authority. <a href="/revelation/17-3.htm">Revelation 17:3</a> And the angel carried me away in the Spirit into a wilderness, where I saw a woman sitting on a scarlet beast that was covered with blasphemous names and had seven heads and ten horns. <a href="/revelation/17-12.htm">Revelation 17:12</a> The ten horns you saw are ten kings who have not yet received a kingdom, but will receive one hour of authority as kings along with the beast. <a href="/revelation/12-3.htm">Revelation 12:3</a> Then another sign appeared in heaven: a huge red dragon with seven heads, ten horns, and seven royal crowns on his heads. <a href="/revelation/5-6.htm">Revelation 5:6</a> Then I saw a Lamb who appeared to have been slain, standing in the center of the throne, encircled by the four living creatures and the elders. The Lamb had seven horns and seven eyes, which represent the seven spirits of God sent out into all the earth. <a href="/revelation/17-9.htm">Revelation 17:9-10</a> This calls for a mind with wisdom. The seven heads are seven mountains on which the woman sits. / There are also seven kings. Five have fallen, one is, and the other has not yet come. But when he does come, he must remain for only a little while. <a href="/revelation/13-11.htm">Revelation 13:11</a> Then I saw another beast rising out of the earth. This beast had two horns like a lamb, but spoke like a dragon. <a href="/revelation/17-7.htm">Revelation 17:7</a> “Why are you so amazed?” said the angel. “I will tell you the mystery of the woman and of the beast that carries her, which has the seven heads and ten horns. <a href="/revelation/17-8.htm">Revelation 17:8</a> The beast that you saw—it was, and now is no more, but is about to come up out of the Abyss and go to its destruction. And those who dwell on the earth whose names were not written in the Book of Life from the foundation of the world will marvel when they see the beast that was, and is not, and yet will be. <a href="/revelation/17-11.htm">Revelation 17:11</a> The beast that was, and now is not, is an eighth king, who belongs to the other seven and is going into destruction. <a href="/zechariah/1-18.htm">Zechariah 1:18-21</a> Then I looked up and saw four horns. / So I asked the angel who was speaking with me, “What are these?” And he told me, “These are the horns that have scattered Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem.” / Then the LORD showed me four craftsmen. ... <a href="/zechariah/6-1.htm">Zechariah 6:1-8</a> And again I lifted up my eyes and saw four chariots coming out from between two mountains—mountains of bronze. / The first chariot had red horses, the second black horses, / the third white horses, and the fourth dappled horses—all of them strong. ... <a href="/ezekiel/1-10.htm">Ezekiel 1:10</a> The form of their faces was that of a man, and each of the four had the face of a lion on the right side, the face of an ox on the left side, and also the face of an eagle. <a href="/ezekiel/10-14.htm">Ezekiel 10:14</a> Each of the cherubim had four faces: the first face was that of a cherub, the second that of a man, the third that of a lion, and the fourth that of an eagle. <a href="/ezekiel/43-3.htm">Ezekiel 43:3</a> The vision I saw was like the vision I had seen when He came to destroy the city and like the visions I had seen by the River Kebar. I fell facedown,</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>Then I lifted up my eyes, and saw, and, behold, there stood before the river a ram which had two horns: and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher came up last.I lifted.<a href="/daniel/10-5.htm">Daniel 10:5</a> Then I lifted up mine eyes, and looked, and behold a certain man clothed in linen, whose loins were girded with fine gold of Uphaz:<a href="/numbers/24-2.htm">Numbers 24:2</a> And Balaam lifted up his eyes, and he saw Israel abiding in his tents according to their tribes; and the spirit of God came upon him.<a href="/joshua/5-13.htm">Joshua 5:13</a> And it came to pass, when Joshua was by Jericho, that he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, behold, there stood a man over against him with his sword drawn in his hand: and Joshua went unto him, and said unto him, Art thou for us, or for our adversaries?a ram.<a href="/daniel/8-20.htm">Daniel 8:20</a> The ram which thou sawest having two horns are the kings of Media and Persia.<a href="/daniel/2-39.htm">Daniel 2:39</a> And after thee shall arise another kingdom inferior to thee, and another third kingdom of brass, which shall bear rule over all the earth.<a href="/daniel/7-5.htm">Daniel 7:5</a> And behold another beast, a second, like to a bear, and it raised up itself on one side, and it had three ribs in the mouth of it between the teeth of it: and they said thus unto it, Arise, devour much flesh.one.<a href="/daniel/5-31.htm">Daniel 5:31</a> And Darius the Median took the kingdom, being about threescore and two years old.<a href="/daniel/6-28.htm">Daniel 6:28</a> So this Daniel prospered in the reign of Darius, and in the reign of Cyrus the Persian.<a href="/ezra/1-2.htm">Ezra 1:2</a> Thus saith Cyrus king of Persia, The LORD God of heaven hath given me all the kingdoms of the earth; and he hath charged me to build him an house at Jerusalem, which is in Judah.the other.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/ezekiel/47-12.htm">Bank</a> <a href="/daniel/8-2.htm">Canal</a> <a href="/daniel/7-20.htm">Eyes</a> <a href="/daniel/5-1.htm">Front</a> <a href="/daniel/7-27.htm">High</a> <a href="/daniel/6-2.htm">Higher</a> <a href="/daniel/7-24.htm">Horns</a> <a href="/daniel/5-23.htm">Lifted</a> <a href="/ezekiel/46-11.htm">Ram</a> <a href="/daniel/8-2.htm">River</a> <a href="/daniel/7-16.htm">Standing</a> <a href="/daniel/7-16.htm">Stood</a> <a href="/daniel/8-2.htm">Stream</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/daniel/8-6.htm">Bank</a> <a href="/daniel/8-6.htm">Canal</a> <a href="/daniel/8-5.htm">Eyes</a> <a href="/daniel/8-6.htm">Front</a> <a href="/daniel/8-10.htm">High</a> <a href="/matthew/18-1.htm">Higher</a> <a href="/daniel/8-6.htm">Horns</a> <a href="/daniel/10-5.htm">Lifted</a> <a href="/daniel/8-4.htm">Ram</a> <a href="/daniel/8-6.htm">River</a> <a href="/daniel/8-6.htm">Standing</a> <a href="/daniel/8-15.htm">Stood</a> <a href="/daniel/8-6.htm">Stream</a><div class="vheading2">Daniel 8</div>1. <a href="/daniel/8-1.htm">Daniel's vision of the ram and he goat.</a> 13. <a href="/daniel/8-13.htm">The two thousand three hundred days of the suspension of the daily sacrifice.</a> 15. <a href="/daniel/8-15.htm">Gabriel comforts Daniel, and interprets the vision.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/daniel/8.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/daniel/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/daniel/8.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>Then I lifted up my eyes and saw This phrase indicates a visionary experience, a common occurrence in prophetic literature. The act of lifting one's eyes often signifies a divine revelation or insight beyond the natural realm. In biblical context, visions are a means by which God communicates His plans and purposes to His prophets.a ram with two horns standing beside the canal. The ram represents the Medo-Persian Empire, as later clarified in <a href="/daniel/8-20.htm">Daniel 8:20</a>. The two horns symbolize the dual nature of this empire, consisting of the Medes and the Persians. The canal, likely the Ulai Canal near Susa, situates the vision geographically, emphasizing the historical and political significance of the region during the time of the Persian Empire.The horns were long, Long horns signify strength and power. In ancient Near Eastern symbolism, horns often represent authority and dominion. The Medo-Persian Empire was known for its vast power and influence, which is reflected in the imagery of the long horns.but one was longer than the other, This detail highlights the dominance of the Persian part of the empire over the Median. Historically, the Persians, under Cyrus the Great, became more prominent and powerful than the Medes, which is depicted by the longer horn.and the longer one grew up later. The later growth of the longer horn indicates the rise of Persian dominance after the initial establishment of the Medo-Persian alliance. This aligns with historical accounts where the Persians, initially less prominent, eventually overshadowed the Medes in power and influence. This progression is a fulfillment of the prophetic vision, demonstrating the accuracy of biblical prophecy.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/d/daniel.htm">Daniel</a> The prophet who receives the vision. He is a key figure in the Old Testament, known for his faithfulness to God amidst exile in Babylon. 2. <a href="/topical/r/ram_with_two_horns.htm">Ram with Two Horns</a> Represents the kings of Media and Persia. The two horns symbolize the dual nature of the Medo-Persian Empire, with one horn (Persia) becoming more dominant over time. 3. <a href="/topical/c/canal.htm">Canal (Ulai Canal)</a> A location in the vision, possibly symbolizing the flow of power and influence. It is a real place, likely in the region of Susa, an important city in the Persian Empire.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/u/understanding_prophetic_imagery.htm">Understanding Prophetic Imagery</a> The vision uses symbolic language to convey historical and spiritual truths. Recognizing the symbolic nature of the horns helps us understand the rise and fall of empires in God's sovereign plan. <a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_over_nations.htm">God's Sovereignty Over Nations</a> The vision of the ram highlights God's control over world events. Despite the apparent power of empires, they are subject to God's ultimate authority. <a href="/topical/t/the_rise_and_fall_of_powers.htm">The Rise and Fall of Powers</a> The longer horn growing later signifies the shifting dynamics of power. This reminds us that earthly power is temporary and often changes unexpectedly. <a href="/topical/f/faithfulness_in_exile.htm">Faithfulness in Exile</a> Daniel's experience and visions encourage believers to remain faithful to God, even when living in a culture that does not honor Him. <a href="/topical/h/historical_fulfillment_and_future_hope.htm">Historical Fulfillment and Future Hope</a> Understanding the historical fulfillment of these prophecies strengthens our faith in God's Word and gives us hope for the future fulfillment of His promises.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_daniel_8.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Daniel 8</a> <a href="/q/when_is_the_2300_days_prophecy_due.htm">When will the 2300 days prophecy be fulfilled?</a> <a href="/q/how_do_the_'four_kingdoms'_fit_history.htm">How do we reconcile the identity of the “four kingdoms” (Daniel 8:20-22) with historical empires, especially when some details appear inconsistent with recorded history? </a> <a href="/q/why_see_daniel_8_26_as_near,_not_end-times.htm">If the vision was to be sealed 'for many days' (Daniel 8:26), why do some interpret it as a prophecy about near-contemporary events rather than an end-times scenario?</a> <a href="/q/is_love_a_manifestation_of_god.htm">What musical instruments are mentioned in the Old Testament?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/daniel/8.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(3) A ram--i.e., a single ram. The ram was standing before the river, or eastward of it, and represented the Medo-Persian empire (<a href="/daniel/8-20.htm" title="The ram which you saw having two horns are the kings of Media and Persia.">Daniel 8:20</a>). The two horns, like the two breasts and arms of the image, or the two sides of the bear, symbolise the twofold character of this empire. The higher horn denotes the Persians, the dominant race. For other instances of rams and goats representing nations, comp. <a href="/isaiah/14-9.htm" title="Hell from beneath is moved for you to meet you at your coming: it stirs up the dead for you, even all the chief ones of the earth; it has raised up from their thrones all the kings of the nations.">Isaiah 14:9</a>; <a href="/jeremiah/1-8.htm" title="Be not afraid of their faces: for I am with you to deliver you, said the LORD.">Jeremiah 1:8</a>; <a href="/zechariah/10-3.htm" title="My anger was kindled against the shepherds, and I punished the goats: for the LORD of hosts has visited his flock the house of Judah, and has made them as his goodly horse in the battle.">Zechariah 10:3</a>.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/daniel/8.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 3. - Then I lifted up mine eyes, and saw, and, behold, there stood before the river a ram which had two horns; and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher came up last. The rendering of the LXX. does not differ essentially from the Massoretic Version, save in the last clause, which is rendered, "and the higher ascended (ἀνέβαινε)." As in the former verse, oobal is translated "gate." Certainly, as before remarked, "before a river" is an awkward combination; "before" or "over against a gate" is intelligible. "Eastward," which liphnee also means, will not suit the geographical circumstances, as Shushan itself stood on the east bank of the river Eulaeus, or Shapur. If, further, oobal means a "marsh," as Jerome renders it, then "eastward" would not suit. for the existing marsh is to the south-west of Shushan. Theodotion is in closer agreement with the Massoretic text, but does not translate (oobal, he merely transliterates it. The Peshitta is in strict agreement with the text of the Massoretes. Jerome, as we just said. in this verse renders oobal by paludem. Daniel in his vision seems looking from the walls of the citadel of Shushan, most likely even now the capital of the triumphant young conqueror. The progress of the arms of Cyrus would no doubt be viewed with apprehension by the court of Babylon. Daniel's thoughts would be naturally filled with the new factor in the polities of the Euphrates valley. Hence it was not unnatural that the thoughts of the (lay should colour the visions of the night. The choice of the animal - the ram - to represent the Medo-Persian monarchy is by some supposed to be illustrated by the figures of goats and rams on Persian cylinders. If it has any special meaning, it probably is that the monarchy had sprung up among a pastoral people. It is maintained by Professor Bevan, that this figure of a ram with two horns proves that there were two successive empires - a Median and a Persian. If Mr. Bevan would use his ingenuity, and show us any way by which the actual facts of the history and constitution of the Medo-Persian Empire could be represented in a symbol that would not be liable to his misinterpretation, it would be an advantage. The empire, we know, was built up by two races - the race which last came into prominence became the predominant. Here in the symbol before us the unity of the empire is exhibited by the animal being one, and the two races are indicated by the two horns. The duality of the symbol ought to be noted. <a href="/commentaries/daniel/8-3.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>Then I lifted וָאֶשָּׂ֤א (wā·’eś·śā) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5375.htm">Strong's 5375: </a> To lift, carry, take my eyes עֵינַי֙ (‘ê·nay) Noun - cdc | first person common singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5869.htm">Strong's 5869: </a> An eye, a fountain and saw וָאֶרְאֶ֔ה (wā·’er·’eh) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - first person common singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7200.htm">Strong's 7200: </a> To see a ram אַ֣יִל (’a·yil) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_352.htm">Strong's 352: </a> Strength, strong, a chief, a ram, a pilaster, an oak, strong tree with וְל֣וֹ (wə·lōw) Conjunctive waw | Preposition | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/.htm">Strong's Hebrew</a> two horns קְרָנָ֑יִם (qə·rā·nā·yim) Noun - fd <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7161.htm">Strong's 7161: </a> A horn, a flask, cornet, an elephant's tooth, a corner, a peak, a ray, power standing עֹמֵ֛ד (‘ō·mêḏ) Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5975.htm">Strong's 5975: </a> To stand, in various relations beside לִפְנֵ֥י (lip̄·nê) Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6440.htm">Strong's 6440: </a> The face the canal. הָאֻבָ֖ל (hā·’u·ḇāl) Article | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_180.htm">Strong's 180: </a> A stream, river The horns וְהַקְּרָנַ֣יִם (wə·haq·qə·rā·na·yim) Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - fd <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7161.htm">Strong's 7161: </a> A horn, a flask, cornet, an elephant's tooth, a corner, a peak, a ray, power were long, גְּבֹה֗וֹת (gə·ḇō·hō·wṯ) Adjective - feminine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1364.htm">Strong's 1364: </a> Elevated, powerful, arrogant but one וְהָאַחַת֙ (wə·hā·’a·ḥaṯ) Conjunctive waw, Article | Number - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_259.htm">Strong's 259: </a> United, one, first was longer גְּבֹהָ֣ה (gə·ḇō·hāh) Adjective - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1364.htm">Strong's 1364: </a> Elevated, powerful, arrogant than מִן־ (min-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4480.htm">Strong's 4480: </a> A part of, from, out of the other, הַשֵּׁנִ֔ית (haš·šê·nîṯ) Article | Number - ordinal feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8145.htm">Strong's 8145: </a> Second (an ordinal number) and the longer וְהַ֨גְּבֹהָ֔ה (wə·hag·gə·ḇō·hāh) Conjunctive waw, Article | Adjective - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1364.htm">Strong's 1364: </a> Elevated, powerful, arrogant one grew up עֹלָ֖ה (‘ō·lāh) Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5927.htm">Strong's 5927: </a> To ascend, in, actively later. בָּאַחֲרֹנָֽה׃ (bā·’a·ḥă·rō·nāh) Preposition-b, Article | Adjective - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_314.htm">Strong's 314: </a> Hinder, late, last, western <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/daniel/8-3.htm">Daniel 8:3 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/daniel/8-3.htm">Daniel 8:3 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/daniel/8-3.htm">Daniel 8:3 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/daniel/8-3.htm">Daniel 8:3 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/daniel/8-3.htm">Daniel 8:3 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/daniel/8-3.htm">Daniel 8:3 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/daniel/8-3.htm">Daniel 8:3 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/daniel/8-3.htm">Daniel 8:3 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/daniel/8-3.htm">Daniel 8:3 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/daniel/8-3.htm">Daniel 8:3 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/daniel/8-3.htm">OT Prophets: Daniel 8:3 Then I lifted up my eyes (Dan. Da Dn) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/daniel/8-2.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Daniel 8:2"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Daniel 8:2" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/daniel/8-4.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Daniel 8:4"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Daniel 8:4" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>