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<header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">中库尔德语</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。52种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani" title="Sorani – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sorani" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B6%E1%88%AB%E1%8A%92%E1%8A%9B" title="ሶራኒኛ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሶራኒኛ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="كردية سورانية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كردية سورانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soran_dili" title="Soran dili – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Soran dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="سوران دیلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سوران دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tataramon_na_Sorani" title="Tataramon na Sorani – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tataramon na Sorani" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani" title="Sorani – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sorani" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="کوردیی ناوەندی – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کوردیی ناوەندی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sor%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Sorání – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sorání" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Сорани – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сорани" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani" title="Sorani – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sorani" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani" title="Sorani – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sorani" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soranki" title="Soranki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Soranki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF" title="Σορανί – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σορανί" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani" title="Sorani – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sorani" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorana_lingvo" title="Sorana lingvo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sorana lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani_keel" title="Sorani keel – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sorani keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani" title="Sorani – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sorani" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="سورانی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سورانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soran%C3%AE" title="Soranî – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Soranî" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani" title="Sorani – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sorani" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_kurda_central" title="Lingua kurda central – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua kurda central" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%BBng_Kurd-ng%C3%AE" title="Chûng Kurd-ngî – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chûng Kurd-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6" title="सेंट्रल कुर्दिश – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सेंट्रल कुर्दिश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralnokurdski_jezik" title="Centralnokurdski jezik – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Centralnokurdski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Soran" title="Bahasa Soran – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Soran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soran%C3%AE" title="Soranî – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Soranî" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BD%E3%83%A9%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC" title="ソラニー – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ソラニー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="სორანი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სორანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Kurdi_Sorani" title="Bahasa Kurdi Sorani – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa Kurdi Sorani" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EB%9D%BC%EB%8B%88%EC%96%B4" title="소라니어 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소라니어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soran%C3%AE" title="Soranî – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Soranî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="سورانی – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سورانی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soran%C3%AE" title="Soranî – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Soranî" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani" title="Sorani – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sorani" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Сорани – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сорани" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_sorani" title="Język sorani – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język sorani" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_curda_sentral" title="Lenga curda sentral – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga curda sentral" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="سورانی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سورانی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sor%C3%A2ni" title="Sorâni – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sorâni" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Сорани – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сорани" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱥᱳᱨᱟᱱᱤ – 桑塔利语" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱳᱨᱟᱱᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani" title="Sorani – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sorani" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani" title="Sorani – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sorani" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="சொரானி மொழி – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சொரானி மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="ภาษาเคิร์ดกลาง – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาเคิร์ดกลาง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorani_zyvon" title="Sorani zyvon – 塔里什文" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Sorani zyvon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="塔里什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soranice" title="Soranice – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Soranice" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Сорані – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сорані" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="سورانی – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سورانی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Soran" title="Tiếng Soran – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Soran" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" 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data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-75977ec7" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh:庫爾德; zh-cn:库尔德; zh-tw:庫德; zh-hk:庫爾德;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:语法; zh-hant:語法; zh-tw:文法; zh-hk:文法;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:元音; zh-tw:母音; zh-hk:元音;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:辅音; zh-tw:子音; zh-hk:輔音;"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84078810">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style><table class="infobox vevent infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="color: black; background-color: lawngreen;">中库尔德语</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: lawngreen;"><span style="font-size: small;">索拉尼语</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: lawngreen;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="ckb" dir="rtl" title="中庫爾德語文本">سۆرانی، کوردیی ناوەندی</span>‎</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">母语国家和地区</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="伊拉克">伊拉克</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗">伊朗</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">母语使用人数</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">7,200,000 （2014）<sup id="cite_ref-e18_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e18-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%B3%BB%E5%B1%9E%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="语言系属分类">語系</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E6%AC%A7%E8%AF%AD%E7%B3%BB" title="印欧语系">印欧语系</a> <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1em;padding-left:0"><li> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6-%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="印度-伊朗语族">印度-伊朗语族</a><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1em;padding-left:0"><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF" title="伊朗语支">伊朗语支</a><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1em;padding-left:0"><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="西伊朗语支" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Western Iranian Languages"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西伊朗语支（页面不存在）">西伊朗语支</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Iranian_Languages" class="extiw" title="en:Western Iranian Languages"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Western Iranian Languages</span></a></span>）</span></span><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1em;padding-left:0"><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="西北伊朗语支" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Northwestern Iranian Languages"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E8%AF%AD%E6%94%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西北伊朗语支（页面不存在）">西北伊朗语支</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northwestern_Iranian_Languages" class="extiw" title="en:Northwestern Iranian Languages"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Northwestern Iranian Languages</span></a></span>）</span></span><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1em;padding-left:0"><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="库尔德语">库尔德语</a><ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1em;padding-left:0"><li><b>中库尔德语</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="文字">文字</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="波斯字母">波斯字母</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: lawngreen;;">官方地位</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E6%96%B9%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" title="官方语言">作为官方语言</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="伊拉克">伊拉克</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: lawngreen;;">語言代碼</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/ckb" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:ckb">ckb</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/cent1972">cent1972</a></code><sup id="cite_ref-Glottolog_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glottolog-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%9E%AD%E6%9C%9B%E7%AB%99" title="语言瞭望站">语言瞭望站</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><code>58-AAA-cae</code></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kurdish_languages_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Kurdish_languages_map.svg/300px-Kurdish_languages_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Kurdish_languages_map.svg/450px-Kurdish_languages_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Kurdish_languages_map.svg/600px-Kurdish_languages_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="560" /></a></span><div style="text-align:left;">Geographic distribution of Kurdish and other Iranian languages spoken by Kurds <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82553231">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tr>td,.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important;padding:0!important}}.mw-parser-output table.multicol{border:0;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;color:inherit;padding:0}.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tr>td,.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tbody>tr>td{vertical-align:top!important}</style> <div>   <table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr> <td> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84565780">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .legend-color-styled{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid var(--border-color-notice,black);color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ef6662; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="北库尔德语">北库尔德语</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#c63143; color:white;"> </span> 中库尔德语</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#8c3143; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="南库尔德语">南库尔德语</a></div> <p>  </p> </td> <td> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ffd700; color:black;"> </span> Zaza</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ff8c00; color:black;"> </span> Gorani</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84565780"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#b3d423; color:black;"> </span> 混合区域</div> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>中库尔德语</b>（<span lang="ckb" dir="rtl" title="中庫爾德語文本">کوردیی ناوەندی</span>‎; <span lang="ckb" dir="rtl" title="中庫爾德語文本">kurdîy nawendî</span>‎），又称<b>索拉尼语</b>（<span lang="ckb" dir="rtl" title="中庫爾德語文本">سۆرانی</span>‎; <span lang="ckb" dir="rtl" title="中庫爾德語文本">Soranî</span>‎），是<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="库尔德语">库尔德语</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="伊拉克库尔德斯坦">伊拉克库尔德斯坦</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗">伊朗</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="库尔德斯坦省">库尔德斯坦省</a>等地的一个分支。标准中库尔德语是伊拉克的官方语言之一。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>“索拉尼语”的名称来源于位于如今库尔德斯坦的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="索兰酋长国" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Soran Emirate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A2%E5%85%B0%E9%85%8B%E9%95%BF%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="索兰酋长国（页面不存在）">索兰酋长国</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soran_Emirate" class="extiw" title="en:Soran Emirate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Soran Emirate</span></a></span>）</span></span>。中库尔德语最早起源于<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E6%AF%94%E5%8B%92" class="mw-redirect" title="埃尔比勒">埃尔比勒</a>至<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="拉万迪兹" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rawandiz"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%87%E8%BF%AA%E5%85%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉万迪兹（页面不存在）">拉万迪兹</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rawandiz" class="extiw" title="en:Rawandiz"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rawandiz</span></a></span>）</span></span>（ڕەواندز）之间的地区。这一语言的使用区向南扩展，逐渐取代了南库尔德语<sup id="cite_ref-kal_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kal-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kalckb_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kalckb-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。奥斯曼帝国在库尔德斯坦设立的学校也推动了中库尔德语的发展<sup id="cite_ref-kalckb_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kalckb-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。进入20世纪后，北库尔德语在叙利亚被禁止，在土耳其受到严格限制。相比之下，在伊拉克，基于<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%90%8A%E6%9B%BC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="蘇萊曼尼亞">苏莱曼尼亚</a>方言的标准中库尔德语成为了官方语言之一，在库尔德斯坦的学校中教授<sup id="cite_ref-kurdishproj_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kurdishproj-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。在伊朗，尤其是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="伊朗伊斯兰革命">伊斯兰革命</a>之后，出现了大量库尔德语出版物<sup id="cite_ref-Thackston_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thackston-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。因而，中库尔德语具有各库尔德语言中最发达的文学传统，其书面语目前是库尔德语言中最常用的书面形式<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。目前中库尔德语使用的拼写体系是1920年代在波斯字母基础上创造的<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="文字"><span id=".E6.96.87.E5.AD.97"></span>文字</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：文字"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="库尔德语字母">索拉尼语字母</a>是在波斯字母的基础上调整而成的。常用的字母包括： </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ئـ</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ی</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">و</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ه</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ن</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">م</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ل</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ک</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ق</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ف</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">غ</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ع</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ش</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">س</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ز</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ر</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">د</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">خ</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ح</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ج</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ت</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ب</span>‎</td> <td><span lang="ar" dir="rtl" title="阿拉伯語文本">ا</span>‎ </td></tr> <tr> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">hamza</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">y</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">w</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">h</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">n</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">m</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">l</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">k</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">q</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">f</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">gh</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">‘</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">sh</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">s</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">z</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">r</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">d</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">kh</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">ḥ</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">j</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">t</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">b</span></td> <td><span lang="ar-Latn" title="阿拉伯语转写" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">alif</span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>其他字母主要用于拼写外来语。<sup id="cite_ref-Thackston_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thackston-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="发音"><span id=".E5.8F.91.E9.9F.B3"></span>发音</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：发音"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>中库尔德语有8个元音： </p> <table class="wikitable IPA" style="text-align:center" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:left"> </th> <th style="width:5em">î </th> <th style="width:5em">i </th> <th style="width:5em">ê </th> <th style="width:5em">a </th> <th style="width:5em">û </th> <th style="width:5em">u </th> <th style="width:5em">o </th> <th style="width:5em">â </th></tr> <tr class="IPA"> <th style="text-align:left">发音（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:國際音標">IPA</a>） </th> <td>[i]</td> <td>[ɪ]</td> <td>[e]</td> <td>[æ]</td> <td>[u]</td> <td>[ʊ]</td> <td>[o]</td> <td>[ɑ] </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>辅音如下表所示： </p> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="3" colspan="2"> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%9F%B3" title="唇音">唇音</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%87%E9%BD%BF%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="唇齿音">唇齿音</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%BF%E9%BE%88%E9%9F%B3" title="齿龈音">齿龈音</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%A6%E5%BE%8C%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="齦後音">龈后音</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E9%A1%8E%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="硬顎音">硬颚音</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E9%A2%9A%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="软颚音">软颚音</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%88%8C%E9%9F%B3" title="小舌音">小舌音</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%89%E9%9F%B3" title="喉音">喉音</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%B3" title="塞音">塞音</a> </th> <td>b, p </td> <td> </td> <td>d, t </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>g, k </td> <td>q </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E6%93%A6%E9%9F%B3" title="擦音">擦音</a> </th> <td> </td> <td>v, f </td> <td>z, s </td> <td>sh, zh </td> <td>ch, j </td> <td>gh, kh </td> <td>  </td> <td>h, ḥ </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E9%9F%B3_(%E8%BE%85%E9%9F%B3)" title="鼻音 (辅音)">鼻音</a> </th> <td>m </td> <td> </td> <td>n  </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A4%E9%9F%B3_(%E8%AF%AD%E9%9F%B3%E5%AD%A6)" title="颤音 (语音学)">颤音</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>r  </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%AA%E9%9F%B3" title="闪音">闪音</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>ř </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E9%9F%B3" title="近音">近音</a> </th> <td>w  </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>y </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B9%E9%9F%B3" title="边音">边音</a> </th> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>l </td> <td>ł </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <p>受阿拉伯语和叙利亚语影响，gh([ʕ])和ḥ([ħ])音主要在伊拉克使用。<sup id="cite_ref-kalckb_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kalckb-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Thackston_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thackston-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="语法"><span id=".E8.AF.AD.E6.B3.95"></span>语法</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：语法"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="名词"><span id=".E5.90.8D.E8.AF.8D"></span>名词</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：名词"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>中库尔德语为SOV（主宾谓结构）。名词分为绝对态，表示该名词的一般概念，如<span lang="ckb" dir="rtl" title="中庫爾德語文本">قـاوه رهشـه</span>‎（”咖啡是黑色的“），以及限定态和非限定态。绝对态名词无后缀，非限定态单数名词要加上后缀كI - (-ek)，限定态单数名词要加上كه - (-ka)。名词仅有单复数的变化，而无格、性的变化。 </p><p>当名词有形容词或名词修饰，或表示所有关系时，两词之间需要<i>izâfa</i>元音连接。根据名词的限定或非限定状态及语义，<i>izâfa</i>元音可能为i或a。<sup id="cite_ref-Thackston_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thackston-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="动词"><span id=".E5.8A.A8.E8.AF.8D"></span>动词</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：动词"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>中库尔德语动词有现在式和过去式两种词干，动词的前缀和后缀根据其肯定或否定、人称、数、时态和语态而定。在过去式下，中库尔德语具有<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9C-%E9%80%9A%E6%A0%BC%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="作-通格語言">作格性</a>，及物动词依据动作的受动者确定人称。 </p><p>由现在式词干构成的有现在时直陈式、现在时虚拟式、命令式和将来时。由过去式词干构成的有简单过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去时虚拟式、过去时条件式、以及过去完成时条件式。<sup id="cite_ref-Thackston_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thackston-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span>参考资料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：参考资料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-e18-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-e18_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/18/language/ckb/">中库尔德语</a>于《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%AA%9E" title="民族語">民族语</a>》的链接（第18版，2015年）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/12/AR2005101201450.html">Full Text of Iraqi Constitution</a>. Washington Post. 12 October 2005 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2013]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190520183350/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/12/AR2005101201450.html">存档</a>于2019-05-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&rft.btitle=Full+Text+of+Iraqi+Constitution&rft.date=2005-10-12&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Washington+Post&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2005%2F10%2F12%2FAR2005101201450.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Glottolog-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Glottolog_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/cent1972">Central Kurdish</a>. <a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog 2.7</a>. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&rft.atitle=Central+Kurdish&rft.au=Bank%2C+Sebastian&rft.au=Forkel%2C+Robert&rft.au=Haspelmath%2C+Martin&rft.aufirst=Harald&rft.aulast=Hammarstr%C3%B6m&rft.btitle=Glottolog+2.7&rft.date=2016&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Jena&rft.pub=Max+Planck+Institute+for+the+Science+of+Human+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglottolog.org%2Fresource%2Flanguoid%2Fid%2Fcent1972&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kal-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kal_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Kurdish Academy of Language. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kurdishacademy.org/?q=node/42">Northern Kurdish dialects group</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-10-12</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160826103352/http://kurdishacademy.org/?q=node%2F42">存档</a>于2016-08-26）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&rft.au=Kurdish+Academy+of+Language&rft.btitle=Northern+Kurdish+dialects+group&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kurdishacademy.org%2F%3Fq%3Dnode%2F42&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kalckb-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kalckb_5-0"><sup><b>5.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kalckb_5-1"><sup><b>5.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kalckb_5-2"><sup><b>5.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Kurdish Academy of Language. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kurdishacademy.org/?q=node/43">Central Kurdish dialects group</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-10-14</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160317224355/http://kurdishacademy.org/?q=node%2F43">存档</a>于2016-03-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&rft.au=Kurdish+Academy+of+Language&rft.btitle=Central+Kurdish+dialects+group&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kurdishacademy.org%2F%3Fq%3Dnode%2F43&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kurdishproj-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kurdishproj_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">The Kurdish Project. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161018213103/http://thekurdishproject.org/history-and-culture/kurdish-culture/kurdish-language/">Kurdish Language</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-10-14</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thekurdishproject.org/history-and-culture/kurdish-culture/kurdish-language/">原始内容</a>存档于2016-10-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&rft.au=The+Kurdish+Project&rft.btitle=Kurdish+Language&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthekurdishproject.org%2Fhistory-and-culture%2Fkurdish-culture%2Fkurdish-language%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thackston-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Thackston_7-0"><sup><b>7.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thackston_7-1"><sup><b>7.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thackston_7-2"><sup><b>7.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thackston_7-3"><sup><b>7.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Thackston_7-4"><sup><b>7.4</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">W. M. Thackston. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fas.harvard.edu/~iranian/Sorani/sorani_1_grammar.pdf">Sorani Kurdish: A Reference Grammar with Selected Readings</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-10-14</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160912233822/http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~iranian/Sorani/sorani_1_grammar.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2016-09-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&rft.au=W.+M.+Thackston&rft.btitle=Sorani+Kurdish%3A+A+Reference+Grammar+with+Selected+Readings&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fas.harvard.edu%2F~iranian%2FSorani%2Fsorani_1_grammar.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://languages.refugeecouncil.org.uk/top_navigation/Language_profiles.htm">Language background of major refugee groups to the UK - Refugee Council</a>. Languages.refugeecouncil.org.uk. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-07-15</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120725050735/http://languages.refugeecouncil.org.uk/top_navigation/Language_profiles.htm">存档</a>于2012-07-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&rft.btitle=Language+background+of+major+refugee+groups+to+the+UK+-+Refugee+Council&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Languages.refugeecouncil.org.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flanguages.refugeecouncil.org.uk%2Ftop_navigation%2FLanguage_profiles.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBlau2000" class="citation book">Blau, Joyce. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2aV7QiWQlfIC&pg=PA20">Méthode de Kurde: Sorani</a>. Editions L'Harmattan. 2000 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-10-14</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-2-296-41404-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-2-296-41404-4"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-2-296-41404-4</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170316213148/https://books.google.com/books?id=2aV7QiWQlfIC&pg=PA20">存档</a>于2017-03-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rft.aulast=Blau&rft.btitle=M%C3%A9thode+de+Kurde%3A+Sorani&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-2-296-41404-4&rft.pub=Editions+L%27Harmattan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2aV7QiWQlfIC%26pg%3DPA20&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>, page 20</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参閲"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E9.96.B2"></span>参閲</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：参閲"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" title="北库尔德语">北库尔德语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="库尔德语">库尔德语</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/40px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/60px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/80px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">维基百科提供如下语言版本：<b><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ckb:"> Central Kurdish 維基百科</a></b></div></div> </div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8" title="维基词典">维基词典</a>有此种语言版本：<b><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/ckb:Main_Page" class="extiw" title="wikt:ckb:Main Page">中库尔德语维基词典</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kobanisat.net">The New Testament in Soranî</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180831070117/http://www.kobanisat.net/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kobani.net">The Kurdish Academy of Language</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20030424010358/http://www.kobani.net/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） (unofficial)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151008070923/http://www.kobani.org/">Working with Sorani Speaking Patients</a> NHS (UK) Guide</li> <li><a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10125/38795" class="extiw" title="hdl:10125/38795">Discussion in Central Kurdish</a> archived with <a 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style="width:1%">古代</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:center; font-weight:normal;">東部</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.15em 0; line-height:1.4em; width:auto;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%AF%E9%99%80%E8%AA%9E" title="阿維斯陀語">阿維斯陀語</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古西徐亞語" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Scythian languages"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%90%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古西徐亞語（页面不存在）">古西徐亞語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scythian_languages" class="extiw" title="en:Scythian languages"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Scythian languages</span></a></span>）</span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:center; font-weight:normal;">西部</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.15em 0; line-height:1.4em; width:auto;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%BA%95%E8%AF%AD" title="米底语">米底語</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="古波斯語">古波斯語</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">中古</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:center; font-weight:normal;">東部</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.15em 0; line-height:1.4em; width:auto;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%85%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%AD" title="巴克特里亚语">巴克特里亚语</a>（大夏語） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E5%89%8C%E5%AD%90%E6%A8%A1%E8%AF%AD" title="花剌子模语">花剌子模语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%AA%9E" title="塞語">塞語</a>(于阗语) ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%AA%9E" title="塞語">圖木舒克語</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="西徐亞語" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Scythian languages"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%90%E4%BA%9E%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西徐亞語（页面不存在）">西徐亞語</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scythian_languages" class="extiw" title="en:Scythian languages"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Scythian languages</span></a></span>）</span></span> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%9F%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%AD" title="粟特语">粟特语</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:center; font-weight:normal;">西部</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.15em 0; line-height:1.4em; width:auto;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%81%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="安息语">帕提亚语</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8F%A4%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="中古波斯语">中古波斯语</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E5%9B%9E%E8%AF%AD" title="回回语">回回语</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">現代</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:center; font-weight:normal;">东伊朗次语支</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.15em 0; line-height:1.4em; width:auto;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%94%E5%9D%A6%E5%90%89%E8%AF%AD" title="巴尔坦吉语">巴尔坦吉语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%93%E8%8F%B2%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="库菲语（页面不存在）">库菲语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%97%A8%E5%90%89%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="门吉语（页面不存在）">门吉语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%8A%9B%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奥尔木力语（页面不存在）">奥尔木力语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%A1%9E%E6%A2%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="奧塞梯語">奧塞梯語</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%8B%89%E5%A5%87%E8%AA%9E" title="帕拉奇語">帕拉奇语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E4%BB%80%E5%9B%BE%E8%AF%AD" title="普什图语">普什图语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B2%81%E5%96%84%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鲁善语（页面不存在）">鲁善语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A1%91%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%97%E5%A5%87%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="桑格列奇语（页面不存在）">桑格列奇语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="帕米爾語言">帕米爾語言</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E7%BD%95%E8%AF%AD" title="瓦罕语">瓦罕语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E5%8B%92%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" title="色勒库尔语">色勒库尔语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E6%A0%BC%E5%8D%97%E8%AF%AD" title="舒格南语">舒格南语</a>（識匿語）） ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%87%E5%90%89%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="万吉语（页面不存在）">万吉语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E6%A0%BC%E8%AB%BE%E6%AF%94%E8%AA%9E" title="雅格諾比語">雅格諾比語</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BE%9D%E5%BE%B7%E5%93%88%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="依德哈语（页面不存在）">依德哈语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%85%E5%85%B9%E5%8F%A4%E4%BC%A6%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雅兹古伦语（页面不存在）">雅兹古伦语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E4%BB%80%E5%96%80%E8%A5%BF%E6%9C%A8%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊什喀西木语（页面不存在）">伊什喀西木语</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:center; font-weight:normal;">西伊朗次语支</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.15em 0; line-height:1.4em; width:auto;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E4%BA%9A%E6%89%8E%E9%87%8C%E8%AF%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古亚扎里语（页面不存在）">古亚扎里语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%BE%E8%B7%AF%E6%94%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="俾路支语">俾路支语</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a 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