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A wider problem concerning the \u0026amp;amp;#x27;living antiquity’ observed in the history of Europe is mentioned as well, and the causes of such vitality which is the reason why we spoke and most often still speak of the Greco-Roman foundations of European civilisation, albeit some argue that such an approach to Antiquity has already declined. It is a known fact that the splendour of Greece shone also on the ancient Roman world but it seems that it happened not only by way of appropriation of cultural achievements. Despite the difficult Roman-Greek relationship and exploitative Roman attitude to the Greek cultural heritage, to some extent cultural exchange took place on the basis of reciprocity. What\u0026amp;amp;#x27;s more, it is ultimately through the mediation of the Romans that the Hellenic culture flourished on various areas of their huge empire and was thus passed to subsequent periods of history. You could say that already in antiquity the first synthesis of complex achievements of the ancient culture took place on a great scale. It would then influence the medieval and Renaissance Europe, and from modern times each epoch would create its own model of antiquity and make further interpretations and syntheses of its sophisticated achievements. We are therefore entitled to state that the classic legacy is a common past of the whole Europe (thus classical archaeology is all European countries’ own archaeology), regardless of the extent to which the prehistory also creates the past, and to what extent it is formed by archaeologies of the regions and peoples, who in vast majority lived outside the classical world. Therefore, classical archaeology held an exceptionally privileged position for a long time (which is not the case nowadays, when all disciplines are treated equally and research assume a pluralistic approach), because, to some extent, similar to classical studies, it not only dealt with exploring the ancient past, but was to read the values developed in the ancient world and communicate them to next generations. Moreover, these values were drawn from the concept of \u0026amp;amp;#x27;Hellenism\u0026amp;amp;#x27;, developed already in the eighteenth century, continued in nineteenth, which idealised this unique, classic Greek past which was believed to have been the almost exclusive roots of \u0026amp;amp;#x27;Europeanism\u0026amp;amp;#x27;. However, there are two factors that seem to be the main reasons of the independent development of classical archaeology in relation to other branches of archaeology and of its specific character. On the one hand, it is a huge amount of ancient works of art, as well as iconographic representations, temples and other buildings, which preserved to modern times. This legacy - or rather its magnitude and aesthetic qualities – contributed to focusing on the study of art and architecture in classical archaeology, and at the same time lack of interest and underestimation of all other relics of ancient material culture. On the other hand, a huge number of ancient written sources, including primarily the numerous inscriptions, set classical archaeology in a privileged position in relation to archaeology of prehistoric societies. Written sources, always regarded as more important than material remains, only \u0026amp;amp;#x27;illustrating\u0026amp;amp;#x27; the former, were almost uncritically considered for a long time a \u0026amp;amp;#x27;real\u0026amp;amp;#x27; insight into the ancient world. In the next part of the paper the problem of a very complex relations of classical archaeology and art history, is thoroughly discussed by the author. To conclude the author underlie the fact that archaeology, as well as other disciplines, attempts to preserve a character of a sovereign discipline with a precise research field. It is directed towards specific phenomena of the past cultural and social life, examined primarily through available material remains. However, by opening up more and more for collaboration with other disciplines, it also gets rid of its limitations and total dependence on one controlling humanistic discipline, which is important for classical archaeology regarding its strong connections with classical philology and art history. Nevertheless, she would say that this should not mean distancing itself and giving up this huge and great tradition - on the contrary, it should be rethought and included again in today\u0026amp;amp;#x27;s research. The authority of science lies in its achievements, jointly produced by scholars, namely the tradition, which is also subject to continuous development and change. The authority of a well-understood tradition does not stand in opposition to the ...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Ewa Bugaj","url":"https://amu.academia.edu/EwaBugaj"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2012-03-28","dateModified":"2014-05-22","datePublished":"2011-01-01","headline":"On the Past and Contemporary Character of Classical Archaeology","image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/11650417/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Classical Archaeology","History of Classical Scholarship","Classical Studies"],"publication":"chapter in book in English","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"Institute of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań"},"sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"amu"}],"thumbnailUrl":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/11650417/thumbnails/1.jpg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1489630/On_the_Past_and_Contemporary_Character_of_Classical_Archaeology"}</script><style type="text/css">@media(max-width: 567px){:root{--token-mode: Rebrand;--dropshadow: 0 2px 4px 0 #22223340;--primary-brand: #0645b1;--error-dark: #b60000;--success-dark: #05b01c;--inactive-fill: #ebebee;--hover: #0c3b8d;--pressed: #082f75;--button-primary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-primary-fill: #0645b1;--button-primary-text: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-primary-fill-press: #082f75;--button-primary-icon: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-inverse: #ffffff;--button-primary-text-inverse: #082f75;--button-primary-icon-inverse: #0645b1;--button-primary-fill-inverse-hover: #cddaef;--button-primary-stroke-inverse-pressed: 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{"work":{"id":1489630,"created_at":"2012-03-28T01:35:02.746-07:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-17T01:39:09.467-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"The paper considers classical archaeology as one of the first and oldest branches of archaeology practised in Europe taking into account the fact that interest in the relics of ancient civilisations is deeply inscribed in the self-identification of various peoples of Europe, in the grounds of their cultural identity. A wider problem concerning the 'living antiquity’ observed in the history of Europe is mentioned as well, and the causes of such vitality which is the reason why we spoke and most often still speak of the Greco-Roman foundations of European civilisation, albeit some argue that such an approach to Antiquity has already declined. \r\n\tIt is a known fact that the splendour of Greece shone also on the ancient Roman world but it seems that it happened not only by way of appropriation of cultural achievements. Despite the difficult Roman-Greek relationship and exploitative Roman attitude to the Greek cultural heritage, to some extent cultural exchange took place on the basis of reciprocity. What's more, it is ultimately through the mediation of the Romans that the Hellenic culture flourished on various areas of their huge empire and was thus passed to subsequent periods of history. You could say that already in antiquity the first synthesis of complex achievements of the ancient culture took place on a great scale. It would then influence the medieval and Renaissance Europe, and from modern times each epoch would create its own model of antiquity and make further interpretations and syntheses of its sophisticated achievements. \r\n\tWe are therefore entitled to state that the classic legacy is a common past of the whole Europe (thus classical archaeology is all European countries’ own archaeology), regardless of the extent to which the prehistory also creates the past, and to what extent it is formed by archaeologies of the regions and peoples, who in vast majority lived outside the classical world. Therefore, classical archaeology held an exceptionally privileged position for a long time (which is not the case nowadays, when all disciplines are treated equally and research assume a pluralistic approach), because, to some extent, similar to classical studies, it not only dealt with exploring the ancient past, but was to read the values developed in the ancient world and communicate them to next generations. Moreover, these values were drawn from the concept of 'Hellenism', developed already in the eighteenth century, continued in nineteenth, which idealised this unique, classic Greek past which was believed to have been the almost exclusive roots of 'Europeanism'.\r\n\tHowever, there are two factors that seem to be the main reasons of the independent development of classical archaeology in relation to other branches of archaeology and of its specific character. On the one hand, it is a huge amount of ancient works of art, as well as iconographic representations, temples and other buildings, which preserved to modern times. This legacy - or rather its magnitude and aesthetic qualities – contributed to focusing on the study of art and architecture in classical archaeology, and at the same time lack of interest and underestimation of all other relics of ancient material culture. On the other hand, a huge number of ancient written sources, including primarily the numerous inscriptions, set classical archaeology in a privileged position in relation to archaeology of prehistoric societies. Written sources, always regarded as more important than material remains, only 'illustrating' the former, were almost uncritically considered for a long time a 'real' insight into the ancient world.\r\n\tIn the next part of the paper the problem of a very complex relations of classical archaeology and art history, is thoroughly discussed by the author. \r\n\tTo conclude the author underlie the fact that archaeology, as well as other disciplines, attempts to preserve a character of a sovereign discipline with a precise research field. It is directed towards specific phenomena of the past cultural and social life, examined primarily through available material remains. However, by opening up more and more for collaboration with other disciplines, it also gets rid of its limitations and total dependence on one controlling humanistic discipline, which is important for classical archaeology regarding its strong connections with classical philology and art history. Nevertheless, she would say that this should not mean distancing itself and giving up this huge and great tradition - on the contrary, it should be rethought and included again in today's research. The authority of science lies in its achievements, jointly produced by scholars, namely the tradition, which is also subject to continuous development and change. The authority of a well-understood tradition does not stand in opposition to the freedom of undertaking new research. In case of archaeology, as one of the disciplines studying the past, we must realise that all questions about the past are asked from the position of the present, therefore, these are questions not only about the past itself, but also about contemporary people, thinking about the past from a particular cultural perspective. The way of thinking about the past is thus in this case a form of communicating the researchers’ own choices of values and thus an informed and open to others form of participating in a culture in which they are positioned. Ewa Bugaj reiterates the opinion stated already at the beginning of the text that our era, like the previous ones, creates its own model of antiquity and makes its own interpretations of its numerous achievements. \r\n\tWe should hope that classical archaeology will show an inspiring role of antiquity in our times, as it functions with full knowledge that preserved texts, ideas, representations, as well as material culture of ancient Greece and Rome, for a very long time remained key for the Western world in the process of adaptation of the past in order to authenticate the present. Modern scholars, however, must take into consideration both the recognized use and abuse of the past. Hence, today's classical archaeology significantly broadens its field of research trying to describe the 'social life', the roles and importance of ancient material culture in the contemporary socio-cultural context. In so doing, it takes into account the reflections on the concept of the social agency of things, the strength of their impact, not only knowledge of them, recorded in the social memory. It also considers the influence of ancient artefacts on the senses of the recipient, with all their properties, such as visibility and tangibility, which gives them the ability of ongoing production and materialisation of time and place, of embodying the past.","more_info":"[in:] Studia Lesco Mrozewicz. Ab amicis et discipulis dedicata, eds. S. Ruciński, C. Balbuza, Ch. Królczyk, Poznań: Instytut Historii UAM, pp. 47-59.","publisher":"Institute of History, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań","publication_date":"2011,,","publication_name":"chapter in book in English"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":0,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"On the Past and Contemporary Character of Classical Archaeology","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [830615]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":11650417,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “On the Past and Contemporary Character of Classical Archaeology”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/11650417/mini_magick20190427-20658-1yv8vy4.png?1556356525" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">On the Past and Contemporary Character of Classical Archaeology</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="830615" href="https://amu.academia.edu/EwaBugaj"><img alt="Profile image of Ewa Bugaj" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/830615/290401/349774/s65_ewa.bugaj.jpg" />Ewa Bugaj</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2011, chapter in book in English</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">13 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 1489630; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=1489630"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The paper considers classical archaeology as one of the first and oldest branches of archaeology practised in Europe taking into account the fact that interest in the relics of ancient civilisations is deeply inscribed in the self-identification of various peoples of Europe, in the grounds of their cultural identity. A wider problem concerning the 'living antiquity’ observed in the history of Europe is mentioned as well, and the causes of such vitality which is the reason why we spoke and most often still speak of the Greco-Roman foundations of European civilisation, albeit some argue that such an approach to Antiquity has already declined. It is a known fact that the splendour of Greece shone also on the ancient Roman world but it seems that it happened not only by way of appropriation of cultural achievements. Despite the difficult Roman-Greek relationship and exploitative Roman attitude to the Greek cultural heritage, to some extent cultural exchange took place on the basis of reciprocity. What's more, it is ultimately through the mediation of the Romans that the Hellenic culture flourished on various areas of their huge empire and was thus passed to subsequent periods of history. You could say that already in antiquity the first synthesis of complex achievements of the ancient culture took place on a great scale. It would then influence the medieval and Renaissance Europe, and from modern times each epoch would create its own model of antiquity and make further interpretations and syntheses of its sophisticated achievements. We are therefore entitled to state that the classic legacy is a common past of the whole Europe (thus classical archaeology is all European countries’ own archaeology), regardless of the extent to which the prehistory also creates the past, and to what extent it is formed by archaeologies of the regions and peoples, who in vast majority lived outside the classical world. Therefore, classical archaeology held an exceptionally privileged position for a long time (which is not the case nowadays, when all disciplines are treated equally and research assume a pluralistic approach), because, to some extent, similar to classical studies, it not only dealt with exploring the ancient past, but was to read the values developed in the ancient world and communicate them to next generations. Moreover, these values were drawn from the concept of 'Hellenism', developed already in the eighteenth century, continued in nineteenth, which idealised this unique, classic Greek past which was believed to have been the almost exclusive roots of 'Europeanism'. However, there are two factors that seem to be the main reasons of the independent development of classical archaeology in relation to other branches of archaeology and of its specific character. On the one hand, it is a huge amount of ancient works of art, as well as iconographic representations, temples and other buildings, which preserved to modern times. This legacy - or rather its magnitude and aesthetic qualities – contributed to focusing on the study of art and architecture in classical archaeology, and at the same time lack of interest and underestimation of all other relics of ancient material culture. On the other hand, a huge number of ancient written sources, including primarily the numerous inscriptions, set classical archaeology in a privileged position in relation to archaeology of prehistoric societies. Written sources, always regarded as more important than material remains, only 'illustrating' the former, were almost uncritically considered for a long time a 'real' insight into the ancient world. In the next part of the paper the problem of a very complex relations of classical archaeology and art history, is thoroughly discussed by the author. To conclude the author underlie the fact that archaeology, as well as other disciplines, attempts to preserve a character of a sovereign discipline with a precise research field. It is directed towards specific phenomena of the past cultural and social life, examined primarily through available material remains. However, by opening up more and more for collaboration with other disciplines, it also gets rid of its limitations and total dependence on one controlling humanistic discipline, which is important for classical archaeology regarding its strong connections with classical philology and art history. Nevertheless, she would say that this should not mean distancing itself and giving up this huge and great tradition - on the contrary, it should be rethought and included again in today's research. The authority of science lies in its achievements, jointly produced by scholars, namely the tradition, which is also subject to continuous development and change. The authority of a well-understood tradition does not stand in opposition to the freedom of undertaking new research. In case of archaeology, as one of the disciplines studying the past, we must realise that all questions about the past are asked from the position of the present, therefore, these are questions not only about the past itself, but also about contemporary people, thinking about the past from a particular cultural perspective. The way of thinking about the past is thus in this case a form of communicating the researchers’ own choices of values and thus an informed and open to others form of participating in a culture in which they are positioned. Ewa Bugaj reiterates the opinion stated already at the beginning of the text that our era, like the previous ones, creates its own model of antiquity and makes its own interpretations of its numerous achievements. We should hope that classical archaeology will show an inspiring role of antiquity in our times, as it functions with full knowledge that preserved texts, ideas, representations, as well as material culture of ancient Greece and Rome, for a very long time remained key for the Western world in the process of adaptation of the past in order to authenticate the present. Modern scholars, however, must take into consideration both the recognized use and abuse of the past. Hence, today's classical archaeology significantly broadens its field of research trying to describe the 'social life', the roles and importance of ancient material culture in the contemporary socio-cultural context. In so doing, it takes into account the reflections on the concept of the social agency of things, the strength of their impact, not only knowledge of them, recorded in the social memory. It also considers the influence of ancient artefacts on the senses of the recipient, with all their properties, such as visibility and tangibility, which gives them the ability of ongoing production and materialisation of time and place, of embodying the past.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":11650417,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/1489630/On_the_Past_and_Contemporary_Character_of_Classical_Archaeology"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":11650417,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/1489630/On_the_Past_and_Contemporary_Character_of_Classical_Archaeology"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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It argues that the existence of such an object is a necessary premise of the field and that ultimately it is on this object that the validity of all claims and arguments must rest. The paper suggests that the archaeological be conceived as a cultural phenomenon that consists in being disengaged from the social, an understanding that positions archaeology as a counterpart to the social sciences and the humanities, rather than a member in the same milieu. The first part of the paper focuses on the position of the archaeological with reference to the concepts of 'Nature' and 'Culture' that eventually leads us to a confrontation of archaeological statics with the dynamics of the world. Efforts to justify and understand archaeological statics, consequently, leads to the recognition of a constitutive distinction between buried and non-buried conditions, upon which the differentiation of the archaeological from the social is established.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"On the object of archaeology","attachmentId":56580954,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36647851/On_the_object_of_archaeology","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/36647851/On_the_object_of_archaeology"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="6086522" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6086522/FUNARI_CARVALHO_GRILLO_Archaeology_and_the_mergence_of_fields_Historical_and_Classical">FUNARI CARVALHO GRILLO Archaeology and the mergence of fields Historical and Classical</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3436058" href="https://unicamp.academia.edu/PedroPauloAFunari">Pedro Paulo A . Funari</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"FUNARI CARVALHO GRILLO Archaeology and the mergence of fields Historical and Classical","attachmentId":33002436,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6086522/FUNARI_CARVALHO_GRILLO_Archaeology_and_the_mergence_of_fields_Historical_and_Classical","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6086522/FUNARI_CARVALHO_GRILLO_Archaeology_and_the_mergence_of_fields_Historical_and_Classical"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="1493550" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1493550/_2008_Voutsaki_S_Greek_archaeology_theoretical_developments_over_the_last_40_years_Tijdschrift_voor_Mediterrane_Archeologie_40_21_28">(2008) Voutsaki, S. Greek archaeology: theoretical developments over the last 40 years. Tijdschrift voor Mediterrane Archeologie 40, 21-28.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="246900" href="https://rug.academia.edu/svoutsaki">Sofia Voutsaki</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Classical archaeology has for a long time been considered a self-contained and conservative discipline. However, the discipline is undergoing a dramatic transformation, as practitioners adopt new interpretive approaches and innovative methods of analysis, inspired by developments in the neighbouring fields of prehistoric archaeology and ancient history. These changes in practice and orientation do not really constitute a unified phenomenon. Rather different academic traditions are developing, diverging approaches are adopted, and even competing definitions of classical (or Mediterranean ?) archaeology are used alongside each other. Archaeology has not only changed; it has also become a diversified, growing and vibrant field. This paper will attempt to outline some of the theoretical and methodological changes that have taken place in classical archaeology in the last forty years or so. Although the emphasis will be on Greek archaeology, developments in all areas of the Mediterranean and examples from different periods will be brought into the discussion.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"(2008) Voutsaki, S. Greek archaeology: theoretical developments over the last 40 years. Tijdschrift voor Mediterrane Archeologie 40, 21-28.","attachmentId":11708248,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1493550/_2008_Voutsaki_S_Greek_archaeology_theoretical_developments_over_the_last_40_years_Tijdschrift_voor_Mediterrane_Archeologie_40_21_28","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1493550/_2008_Voutsaki_S_Greek_archaeology_theoretical_developments_over_the_last_40_years_Tijdschrift_voor_Mediterrane_Archeologie_40_21_28"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="31133965" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31133965/Entangled_Objects_The_Place_of_Archaeological_Artifacts_in_Past_Collections_and_its_Influence_on_Modern_Archaeological_Museums_Brukentalia_Romanian_Cultural_History_Review_Supplement_of_Brukenthal_Acta_Musei_2016_6_s_675_693">Entangled Objects: The Place of Archaeological Artifacts in Past Collections and its Influence on Modern Archaeological Museums, „Brukentalia. Romanian Cultural History Review. Supplement of Brukenthal. Acta Musei” 2016, 6, s. 675-693.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3698063" href="https://uw.academia.edu/MonikaStobiecka">Monika Stobiecka</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The paper is an attempt to trace the traditions that formed leading trends of displaying objects in archaeological museums. The main point of interest is the meaning of archaeological artifact in past collections. It is proposed to understand an archaeological artifact as a nostalgic souvenir that accumulates past, according to Johann Joachim Winckelmann’s notions about aesthetics of fragment and ruin. Also described is the scientific significance of archaeological object that complies with the pre-modern theory of archaeology (typology and evolutional development). Finally, archaeological artifact is framed by the processes of commoditization that had taken place when the 19th century antiquarian market was in the peak of its popularity. The main thesis suggests that all perceptional models held archaeological artifact in the realm of aesthetics and this well-grounded tradition contributed to establishing the everlasting paradigms of exhibiting. The text also aims at underlining the wider sense of archaeological artifact – not only understood in terms of artistic or historic value, but above all – framed as a tool, functional past thing with rich biography reaching not only to the phase of usage, but also encompassing the post-depositional context. Methodologically, the paper is inspired by concepts manifested and promoted by new materialists.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Entangled Objects: The Place of Archaeological Artifacts in Past Collections and its Influence on Modern Archaeological Museums, „Brukentalia. Romanian Cultural History Review. Supplement of Brukenthal. Acta Musei” 2016, 6, s. 675-693.","attachmentId":51568089,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31133965/Entangled_Objects_The_Place_of_Archaeological_Artifacts_in_Past_Collections_and_its_Influence_on_Modern_Archaeological_Museums_Brukentalia_Romanian_Cultural_History_Review_Supplement_of_Brukenthal_Acta_Musei_2016_6_s_675_693","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/31133965/Entangled_Objects_The_Place_of_Archaeological_Artifacts_in_Past_Collections_and_its_Influence_on_Modern_Archaeological_Museums_Brukentalia_Romanian_Cultural_History_Review_Supplement_of_Brukenthal_Acta_Musei_2016_6_s_675_693"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="517330" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/517330/Community_Archaeology_A_Threat_or_an_Opportunity_for_Greek_Archaeology">Community Archaeology: A Threat or an Opportunity for Greek Archaeology?</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="88441" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/AnastasiaSakellariadi">Anastasia Sakellariadi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Archaeologies: Journal of the World Archaeological Congress 6 (3) 514-527., 2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The development of archaeology in Greece has been determined by the central role classical antiquity played in the European and Greek imagination. Classical archaeology, with its aesthetic view of the material culture, has dominated the discipline and its popular perception ever since. The state has been entrusted with the exclusive authority on archaeological heritage because of its national importance. This paper argues that the combination of the classical and state monopoly has led to the isolation of Greek archaeology from the world and from the Greek people. The aim is to critically assess Greek archaeology and introduce community archaeology as a means to make archaeology relevant to the Greek people. Le développement de l’archéologie en Grèce a été déterminé par le rôle central qu’a joué l’antiquité classique dans l’imaginaire européen et grec. L’archéologie classique, avec sa vision esthétique de la culture matérielle, a dominé la discipline et sa perception populaire depuis. L’État exerce une autorité exclusive en matière de patrimoine archéologique en raison de son importance nationale. Cette étude soutient que la combinaison du monopole classique de l’État a conduit à l’isolement de l’archéologie grecque vis-à-vis du monde et du peuple grec. L’objectif est d’évaluer de façon critique l’archéologie grecque et d’introduire l’archéologie de la communauté comme un moyen de pratiquer l’archéologie présentant un intérêt pour le peuple grec. El desarrollo de la arqueología en Grecia ha estado determinado por el papel central que la antigüedad clásica desempeñó en la imaginación griega y europea. La arqueología clásica, con su perspectiva estética de la cultura material, ha dominado la disciplina y su percepción popular desde entonces. Al estado se le ha confiado la autoridad exclusiva sobre el patrimonio arqueológico por su importancia nacional. En este trabajo se argumenta que la combinación del monopolio clásico y estatal ha llevado al aislamiento de la arqueología griega del mundo y de la gente griega. El objetivo es evaluar críticamente la arqueología griega y presentar la arqueología comunitaria como un medio para hacer que la arqueología sea relevante para los griegos.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Community Archaeology: A Threat or an Opportunity for Greek Archaeology?","attachmentId":33510725,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/517330/Community_Archaeology_A_Threat_or_an_Opportunity_for_Greek_Archaeology","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/517330/Community_Archaeology_A_Threat_or_an_Opportunity_for_Greek_Archaeology"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="1839880" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1839880/Hamilakis_Y_and_Yalouri_E_1996_Antiquities_as_symbolic_capital_in_modern_Greek_society_Antiquity_70_117_129">Hamilakis, Y. and Yalouri, E 1996. Antiquities as symbolic capital in modern Greek society. Antiquity 70: 117-129</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="189139" href="https://brown.academia.edu/YannisHamilakis">Yannis Hamilakis</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hamilakis, Y. and Yalouri, E 1996. Antiquities as symbolic capital in modern Greek society. Antiquity 70: 117-129","attachmentId":25715755,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1839880/Hamilakis_Y_and_Yalouri_E_1996_Antiquities_as_symbolic_capital_in_modern_Greek_society_Antiquity_70_117_129","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1839880/Hamilakis_Y_and_Yalouri_E_1996_Antiquities_as_symbolic_capital_in_modern_Greek_society_Antiquity_70_117_129"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="85917036" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/85917036/Classical_Archaeology_edited_by_Susan_E_Alcock_and_Robin_Osborne_2007_Blackwell_Studies_in_Global_Archaeology_10_Oxford_Blackwell_ISBN_13_978_0_631_23419_7_paperback_20_99_and_US_38_ISBN_13_978_0_631_23418_0_hardback_60_and_US_75_464_pp_88_ills">Classical Archaeology, edited by Susan E. Alcock & Robin Osborne, 2007. (Blackwell Studies in Global Archaeology 10.) Oxford: Blackwell; ISBN-13 978-0-631-23419-7 paperback £20.99 & US$38; ISBN-13 978-0-631-23418-0 hardback £60 & US$75; 464 pp., 88 ills</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="24419812" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JamesWhitley2">James Whitley</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Cambridge Archaeological Journal, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Classical Archaeology, edited by Susan E. Alcock \u0026 Robin Osborne, 2007. (Blackwell Studies in Global Archaeology 10.) Oxford: Blackwell; ISBN-13 978-0-631-23419-7 paperback £20.99 \u0026 US$38; ISBN-13 978-0-631-23418-0 hardback £60 \u0026 US$75; 464 pp., 88 ills","attachmentId":90481683,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85917036/Classical_Archaeology_edited_by_Susan_E_Alcock_and_Robin_Osborne_2007_Blackwell_Studies_in_Global_Archaeology_10_Oxford_Blackwell_ISBN_13_978_0_631_23419_7_paperback_20_99_and_US_38_ISBN_13_978_0_631_23418_0_hardback_60_and_US_75_464_pp_88_ills","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/85917036/Classical_Archaeology_edited_by_Susan_E_Alcock_and_Robin_Osborne_2007_Blackwell_Studies_in_Global_Archaeology_10_Oxford_Blackwell_ISBN_13_978_0_631_23419_7_paperback_20_99_and_US_38_ISBN_13_978_0_631_23418_0_hardback_60_and_US_75_464_pp_88_ills"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="250464" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/250464/La_Trahison_Des_Archeologues_Archaeological_Practice_As_Intellectual_Activity_In_Postmodernlrv">La Trahison Des Archeologues] Archaeological Practice As Intellectual Activity In Postmodernlrv'</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="189139" href="https://brown.academia.edu/YannisHamilakis">Yannis Hamilakis</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Mediterranean archaeology, 1999</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"La Trahison Des Archeologues] Archaeological Practice As Intellectual Activity In Postmodernlrv'","attachmentId":3238053,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/250464/La_Trahison_Des_Archeologues_Archaeological_Practice_As_Intellectual_Activity_In_Postmodernlrv","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/250464/La_Trahison_Des_Archeologues_Archaeological_Practice_As_Intellectual_Activity_In_Postmodernlrv"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="7314817" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7314817/Le_missioni_archeologiche_dellIstituto">Le missioni archeologiche dell'Istituto</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1159818" href="https://unico.academia.edu/DanieleMalfitana">Daniele Malfitana</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Le missioni archeologiche dell'Istituto","attachmentId":33921853,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7314817/Le_missioni_archeologiche_dellIstituto","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7314817/Le_missioni_archeologiche_dellIstituto"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="619537" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/619537/Davide_Nadali_2010_Archaeology_as_a_Science_of_Humanism">Davide Nadali, 2010, Archaeology as a Science of Humanism</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="449203" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/DavideNadali">Davide Nadali</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Proceedings of the 6th International Congress of …, 2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Davide Nadali, 2010, Archaeology as a Science of Humanism","attachmentId":3328251,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/619537/Davide_Nadali_2010_Archaeology_as_a_Science_of_Humanism","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span 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You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="36562566" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36562566/Call_for_Papers_Third_Predoctoral_Workshop_on_Studies_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Age_Universitat_Aut%C3%B2noma_de_Barcelona_23_25_November_2016">Call for Papers (Third Predoctoral Workshop on Studies of Antiquity and the Middle Age), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 23-25 November 2016</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2985282" href="https://uab.academia.edu/MarinaFern%C3%A1ndezMonterrubio">Marina Fernández Monterrubio</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Call for Papers (Third Predoctoral Workshop on Studies of Antiquity and the Middle Age), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 23-25 November 2016","attachmentId":56488153,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/36562566/Call_for_Papers_Third_Predoctoral_Workshop_on_Studies_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Age_Universitat_Aut%C3%B2noma_de_Barcelona_23_25_November_2016","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/36562566/Call_for_Papers_Third_Predoctoral_Workshop_on_Studies_of_Antiquity_and_the_Middle_Age_Universitat_Aut%C3%B2noma_de_Barcelona_23_25_November_2016"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="2950880" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2950880/Barcel%C3%B3_J_A_Pelfer_G_Mandolesi_A_2002_The_origins_of_the_city_From_social_theory_to_archaeological_description">Barceló, J.A.. Pelfer,G., Mandolesi, A., 2002, The origins of the city. From social theory to archaeological description. </a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="957145" href="https://uab.academia.edu/JBARCELO">Joan Anton Barcelo</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Archeologia e Calcolatori 13: 41-64.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Barceló, J.A.. Pelfer,G., Mandolesi, A., 2002, The origins of the city. From social theory to archaeological description. 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История. Т. 66. Вып. 2, 2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Archaeology at the Crossroads between the Humanities and Natural Sciences","attachmentId":68686677,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/50820569/Archaeology_at_the_Crossroads_between_the_Humanities_and_Natural_Sciences","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/50820569/Archaeology_at_the_Crossroads_between_the_Humanities_and_Natural_Sciences"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="23075830" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23075830/THE_ARCHAEOLOGY_FROM_THE_PAST_TO_THE_PRESENT">THE ARCHAEOLOGY FROM THE PAST TO THE PRESENT</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="22935223" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/CostanzaFrancavilla">Costanza Francavilla</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"THE ARCHAEOLOGY FROM THE PAST TO THE PRESENT","attachmentId":43578154,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/23075830/THE_ARCHAEOLOGY_FROM_THE_PAST_TO_THE_PRESENT","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/23075830/THE_ARCHAEOLOGY_FROM_THE_PAST_TO_THE_PRESENT"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="2099301" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2099301/Greek_archaeology_theoretical_developments_over_the_last_40_years">Greek archaeology: theoretical developments over the last 40 years</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1862258" href="https://rug.academia.edu/TMATijdschriftvoorMediterraneArcheologie">TMA - Tijdschrift voor Mediterrane Archeologie</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">TMA40, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Greek archaeology: theoretical developments over the last 40 years","attachmentId":30148664,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2099301/Greek_archaeology_theoretical_developments_over_the_last_40_years","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2099301/Greek_archaeology_theoretical_developments_over_the_last_40_years"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="374538" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/374538/Hamilakis_Y_and_Momigliano_N_2006_Archaeology_and_European_modernity_stories_from_the_borders_In_Hamilakis_Y_and_Momigliano_N_eds_Archaeology_and_European_Modernity_Producing_and_Consuming_the_Minoans_Padova_Bottega_dErasmo">Hamilakis, Y. and Momigliano, N. 2006. Archaeology and European modernity: stories from the borders. In Hamilakis, Y. and Momigliano, N. (eds) Archaeology and European Modernity: Producing and Consuming the "Minoans". Padova: Bottega d'Erasmo. </a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="189139" href="https://brown.academia.edu/YannisHamilakis">Yannis Hamilakis</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2006</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hamilakis, Y. and Momigliano, N. 2006. Archaeology and European modernity: stories from the borders. In Hamilakis, Y. and Momigliano, N. (eds) Archaeology and European Modernity: Producing and Consuming the \"Minoans\". Padova: Bottega d'Erasmo. 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Archaeology ≠ Object as History ≠ Text. Debates in World Archaeology 38: 599-610.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="112258" href="https://exeter.academia.edu/ElenaIsayev">Elena Isayev</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Isayev E. 2006. Archaeology ≠ Object as History ≠ Text. 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