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Aftermath of the Houthi takeover in Yemen - Wikipedia

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.sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="padding-bottom:5px; font-size:150%; font-weight:normal; color:black;"><span style="font-size: small">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Yemeni_crisis" title="Category:Yemeni crisis"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">a series</span></a> on the</span><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_crisis" title="Yemeni crisis"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">Yemeni crisis</span></a></b></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Yemeni_soldiers_from_the_1st_Armoured_Division.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Yemeni_soldiers_from_the_1st_Armoured_Division.JPG/220px-Yemeni_soldiers_from_the_1st_Armoured_Division.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Yemeni_soldiers_from_the_1st_Armoured_Division.JPG/330px-Yemeni_soldiers_from_the_1st_Armoured_Division.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Yemeni_soldiers_from_the_1st_Armoured_Division.JPG/440px-Yemeni_soldiers_from_the_1st_Armoured_Division.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;border-bottom:1px solid lightsteelblue;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Main topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_revolution" title="Yemeni revolution">Yemeni revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Yemeni_presidential_election" title="2012 Yemeni presidential election">2012 Yemeni presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_insurgency" title="Houthi insurgency">Houthi insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda_insurgency_in_Yemen" title="Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen">al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen_insurgency" title="South Yemen insurgency">South Yemen insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen" title="Houthi takeover in Yemen">Houthi takeover in Yemen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aftermath of the Houthi takeover in Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Yemeni civil war (2014–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi-led_intervention_in_the_Yemeni_civil_war" title="Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war">Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Yemen" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Yemen">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0;border-bottom:1px solid lightsteelblue;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Background</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Yemen" title="History of Yemen">History of Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_unification" title="Yemeni unification">Yemeni unification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_peace_process" title="Yemeni peace process">Yemeni peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Yemen" title="Human rights in Yemen">Human rights in Yemen</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:none;font-size:smaller;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Emblem_of_Yemen.svg/50px-Emblem_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Emblem_of_Yemen.svg/75px-Emblem_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Emblem_of_Yemen.svg/100px-Emblem_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="390" /></a></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yemeni_crisis" title="Template:Yemeni crisis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yemeni_crisis" title="Template talk:Yemeni crisis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yemeni_crisis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yemeni crisis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>aftermath of the Houthi takeover in Yemen</b> refers to developments following the <a href="/wiki/Houthis" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthis">Houthis</a>' takeover of the Yemeni capital of <a href="/wiki/Sana%27a" class="mw-redirect" title="Sana&#39;a">Sana'a</a> and dissolution of the <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Yemen" title="Politics of Yemen">government</a>, which eventually led to a <a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Civil_War_(2014%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemeni Civil War (2014–present)">civil war</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian-led_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen">Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen</a>. </p><p>After seizing the capital in September 2014, the Houthis (Ansar Allah) obtained the resignations of President <a href="/wiki/Abdrabbuh_Mansur_Hadi" title="Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi">Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi</a>, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Khaled_Bahah" title="Khaled Bahah">Khaled Bahah</a>, and the cabinet in January 2015 and then moved to dissolve <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Yemen)" title="House of Representatives (Yemen)">parliament</a> and instate a <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Committee_(Yemen)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Committee (Yemen)">Revolutionary Committee</a> to govern Yemen on 6 February 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-shifting_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shifting-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> However, despite their military successes and an alleged alliance with the former ruling <a href="/wiki/General_People%27s_Congress_(Yemen)" title="General People&#39;s Congress (Yemen)">General People's Congress</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hub_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hub-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> the Houthis faced widespread domestic and international opposition to the coup and they assented to United Nations–led talks on a power-sharing deal.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> At least one analyst went so far as to suggest the Houthis' declaration "fizzled" in the days after it was announced, although they have <a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdullah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdullah Saleh">Ali Abdullah Saleh</a>'s political support.<sup id="cite_ref-Charles_Schmit_2015_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Charles_Schmit_2015-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 21 February 2015, one month after Houthi militants confined him to his residence in Sana'a, Hadi slipped out of the capital and traveled to <a href="/wiki/Aden" title="Aden">Aden</a>, the old capital of <a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">South Yemen</a>. In a televised address from his hometown, he declared that the Houthi takeover was illegitimate and indicated he remained the constitutional president of Yemen.<sup id="cite_ref-plans_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plans-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-unconst_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unconst-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-malay_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malay-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Hadi's ex-ministers were released by the Houthis on 16 March as a "goodwill gesture".<sup id="cite_ref-freepm_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-freepm-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> On 21 March, Hadi officially proclaimed Aden to be the temporary capital of Yemen, until his pledged recapture of Sana'a.<sup id="cite_ref-capital_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capital-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Within days, however, a <a href="/wiki/Southern_Yemen_offensive_(2015)" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Yemen offensive (2015)">Houthi-led military campaign</a> wrested much of southern Yemen from Hadi's loyalists, prompting Hadi to flee his presidential palace in Aden<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> to <a href="/wiki/2015_military_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 military intervention in Yemen">launch airstrikes</a> against Houthi positions throughout the country.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen" title="Houthi takeover in Yemen">Houthi takeover in Yemen</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sana%27a_(2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Sana&#39;a (2014)">Battle of Sana'a (2014)</a></div> <p>The Houthis took control of much of northern Yemen by mid-2014. After President Hadi announced an unpopular cut to fuel subsidies, <a href="/wiki/Abdul-Malik_al-Houthi" title="Abdul-Malik al-Houthi">Abdul-Malik al-Houthi</a> called for demonstrations. In September 2014, the protests gave way to <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sana%27a_(2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Sana&#39;a (2014)">full-blown fighting</a> between Houthi militants and army forces loyal to General <a href="/wiki/Ali_Mohsen_al-Ahmar" title="Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar">Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar</a> in the capital city of <a href="/wiki/Sana%27a" class="mw-redirect" title="Sana&#39;a">Sana'a</a>. The Houthis achieved a swift victory, forcing the government to the bargaining table.<sup id="cite_ref-capture_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capture-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In addition to rolling back the fuel subsidy cuts, they also obtained the resignation of Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Basindawa" title="Mohammed Basindawa">Mohammed Basindawa</a> and significant control over the formation of a new "unity government" and constitution-drafting process.<sup id="cite_ref-agreement_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-agreement-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2015, Houthi forces assaulted the presidential palace and private residence of Hadi, placing the president and his ministers under virtual house arrest while demanding further concessions. Hadi and his cabinet resigned on 22 January.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Three weeks later, on 6 February, the Houthis declared the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Yemen)" title="House of Representatives (Yemen)">House of Representatives</a> defunct and named a Revolutionary Committee led by <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Ali_al-Houthi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammed Ali al-Houthi">Mohammed Ali al-Houthi</a> as the acting authority in Yemen.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_developments">Political developments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Political developments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jamal_Benomar_at_Chatham_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Jamal_Benomar_at_Chatham_House.jpg/170px-Jamal_Benomar_at_Chatham_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Jamal_Benomar_at_Chatham_House.jpg/255px-Jamal_Benomar_at_Chatham_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Jamal_Benomar_at_Chatham_House.jpg/340px-Jamal_Benomar_at_Chatham_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1160" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jamal_Benomar" title="Jamal Benomar">Jamal Benomar</a>, the United Nations special envoy to Yemen.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Sana'a"><span id="In_Sana.27a"></span>In Sana'a</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: In Sana&#039;a"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cross-factional_talks">Cross-factional talks</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Cross-factional talks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>UN envoy <a href="/wiki/Jamal_Benomar" title="Jamal Benomar">Jamal Benomar</a> mediated talks between the Houthis and other major factions in Yemen after the "constitutional declaration". However, the talks were hampered after delegates from the <a href="/wiki/Nasserist_Unionist_People%27s_Organisation" title="Nasserist Unionist People&#39;s Organisation">Nasserist Unionist People's Organisation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Al-Islah_(Yemen)" title="Al-Islah (Yemen)">Al-Islah</a> reportedly walked out, claiming they were threatened by a Houthi representative.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Benomar announced a tentative agreement on 20 February that included the continuation of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Yemen)" title="House of Representatives (Yemen)">House of Representatives</a> and the formation of a "people's transitional council" that would represent southerners, women, youth, and other minority groups.<sup id="cite_ref-agreeon_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-agreeon-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 28 February, the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Movement" title="Southern Movement">Southern Movement</a> pulled out of negotiations on a political solution to the crisis. Hadi suggested moving the talks to <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a>, the Saudi Arabian capital, instead of continuing to hold them in Houthi-controlled Sana'a. However, the Houthis and GPC rejected the idea.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After Hadi refused to participate in the UN talks while the Houthis held Sana'a on 4 March, Houthi fighters seized the headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/National_Dialogue_Conference" title="National Dialogue Conference">National Dialogue Conference</a>, which Hadi had ordered to relocate to Aden.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Captive_government_officials">Captive government officials</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Captive government officials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 16 February, former Yemeni President <a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdullah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdullah Saleh">Ali Abdullah Saleh</a>'s <a href="/wiki/General_People%27s_Congress_(Yemen)" title="General People&#39;s Congress (Yemen)">General People's Congress</a> (GPC) said it would accept the Houthi decree dissolving parliament. The same day, Benomar and <a href="/wiki/Nadia_Al-Sakkaf" title="Nadia Al-Sakkaf">Nadia Al-Sakkaf</a> reportedly visited Hadi, still under house arrest in Sana'a.<sup id="cite_ref-hub_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hub-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Hadi escaped Sana'a and fled to Aden five days later.<sup id="cite_ref-weeks_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-weeks-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 February, the Houthis ordered ex-Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Khaled_Bahah" title="Khaled Bahah">Khaled Bahah</a> and the cabinet to return to work, but they refused. The group threatened to place them under arrest and criminally charge them if they did not change their minds.<sup id="cite_ref-charge_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-charge-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The Houthis also reportedly tried without success to get the House of Representatives to meet and formally approve Hadi's resignation. The GPC said it would not call for a vote on the resignation, while some smaller parties asserted that without parliamentary action, Hadi remained the "constitutional elected president".<sup id="cite_ref-gccsupport_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gccsupport-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The Houthis called Hadi a "fugitive from justice" and said he had "lost his legitimacy to act as president".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Both the Houthis and the GPC said they rejected Hadi's claim to be the legitimate president, despite a letter he sent to parliament formally rescinding his resignation.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> On 10 March, Ali Abdullah Saleh, the chairman of the General People's Congress, harshly criticised Hadi at a news conference in Sana'a. Saleh accused Hadi, his former vice president, of destroying the country and urged him to go into exile.<sup id="cite_ref-exile_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exile-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_al-Subaihi" title="Mahmoud al-Subaihi">Mahmoud al-Subaihi</a>, Yemen's defence minister, escaped from house arrest in Sana'a and traveled to Aden in early March.<sup id="cite_ref-subaihi_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-subaihi-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Bahah and his ministers were eventually released in a "goodwill gesture" on 16 March, although Bahah said he would not resume his post as prime minister.<sup id="cite_ref-freepm_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-freepm-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Aden">In Aden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: In Aden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aden_Airport" title="Battle of Aden Airport">Battle of Aden Airport</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aden,_Yemen_Port.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Aden%2C_Yemen_Port.jpg/220px-Aden%2C_Yemen_Port.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Aden%2C_Yemen_Port.jpg/330px-Aden%2C_Yemen_Port.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Aden%2C_Yemen_Port.jpg/440px-Aden%2C_Yemen_Port.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Aden" title="Aden">Aden</a> became the southern refuge and temporary capital city for <a href="/wiki/Abdrabbuh_Mansur_Hadi" title="Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi">Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi</a> and his government in the aftermath of the Houthi takeover.</figcaption></figure> <p>A number of members of the dissolved parliament met in <a href="/wiki/Aden" title="Aden">Aden</a> on 15 February and declared it to be Yemen's new capital due to the "occupation" of Sana'a. They also called on the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council" title="Gulf Cooperation Council">Gulf Cooperation Council</a> to intervene with force against the Houthis.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The leaders of the <a href="/wiki/Aden_Governorate" title="Aden Governorate">Aden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lahij_Governorate" title="Lahij Governorate">Lahij</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Al_Mahrah_Governorate" title="Al Mahrah Governorate">Mahrah</a> governorates declared a joint "administrative, security, and political leadership" opposing the Houthi takeover.<sup id="cite_ref-timesofoman_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timesofoman-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Fighters under the command of Hadi's brother Nasser claimed to have seized Aden's TV station and several government buildings in the port city by 16 February, although Governor <a href="/wiki/Abdel-Aziz_bin_Habtour" title="Abdel-Aziz bin Habtour">Abdel-Aziz bin Habtour</a> denied the station had been taken over.<sup id="cite_ref-hub_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hub-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hadi, the former president, reportedly traveled to Aden on 21 February.<sup id="cite_ref-weeks_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-weeks-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It was not immediately clear whether he evaded house arrest or was allowed to leave for the first time in a month,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fmr_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fmr-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> with some reports indicating that he escaped—in one telling, he disguised himself as a woman and stowed away on a food truck,<sup id="cite_ref-fmr_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fmr-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> while in another, he was freed by special forces—and others suggesting he was released as part of an agreement between the Houthis and other factions.<sup id="cite_ref-newgovt_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newgovt-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Upon arriving in Aden, Hadi gave a televised address condemning the coup and saying all Houthi actions since 21 September 2014 were invalid and unconstitutional.<sup id="cite_ref-plans_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plans-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-unconst_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unconst-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He delivered the address under the title of <a href="/wiki/President_of_Yemen" title="President of Yemen">president</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-malay_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malay-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In his speech, Hadi called for a resumption of the <a href="/wiki/National_Dialogue_Conference" title="National Dialogue Conference">National Dialogue Conference</a> in either Aden or <a href="/wiki/Taiz" title="Taiz">Taiz</a>, cities outside the Houthis' <a href="/wiki/Houthis#Areas_under_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthis">zone of control</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-unconst_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unconst-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-malay_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malay-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The following day, he met with several southern governors. Bin Habtour said after the meeting that Hadi's intention was to "lead from Aden" and receive foreign delegations.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> An aide to Hadi said in early March that Hadi considered Aden to have become the country's capital after the Houthis occupied Sana'a.<sup id="cite_ref-subaihi_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-subaihi-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Hadi was soon joined by Defence Minister <a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_al-Subaihi" title="Mahmoud al-Subaihi">Mahmoud al-Subaihi</a>, who abandoned his position as chairman of the Houthi-imposed Supreme Security Committee and decamped from Sana'a.<sup id="cite_ref-subaihi_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-subaihi-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although he established himself in Aden, Hadi was suspicious of <a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdullah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdullah Saleh">Ali Abdullah Saleh</a> loyalists and Houthi sympathisers even within his hometown. He issued a decree on 2 March reassigning General <a href="/wiki/Abdul-Hafez_al-Saqqaf" title="Abdul-Hafez al-Saqqaf">Abdul-Hafez al-Saqqaf</a> from the Special Security Forces in Aden to a bureaucratic position. However, al-Saqqaf refused to comply with the decree, amid reports that he did not view Hadi as Yemen's legitimate president.<sup id="cite_ref-tensions_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tensions-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>After an <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aden_Airport" title="Battle of Aden Airport">attack</a> on <a href="/wiki/Aden_International_Airport" title="Aden International Airport">Aden International Airport</a> by al-Saqqaf's commandos, as well as a missile strike by a Houthi jet on his presidential palace, on 19 March, Hadi gave a televised address urging all factions to participate in mediated talks on the country's future in <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a> and predicting that the Houthis' "Iranian agenda" would fail.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> On 21 March, he also officially declared Aden to be Yemen's "economic and temporary capital" due to the Houthi occupation of Sana'a, which he pledged would be retaken.<sup id="cite_ref-capital_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-capital-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Just days later, however, Hadi fled Aden as Houthi forces <a href="/wiki/Southern_Yemen_offensive_(2015)#March" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Yemen offensive (2015)">advanced on the city</a> on 25 March. He arrived in <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> the next day.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_unrest">Related unrest</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Related unrest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clashes">Clashes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Clashes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aden_Airport" title="Battle of Aden Airport">Battle of Aden Airport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mukalla_(2015)" title="Battle of Mukalla (2015)">Battle of Mukalla (2015)</a></div> <p>There were clashes in <a href="/wiki/Rada%27a_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Rada&#39;a District">Rada'a</a> leaving nine dead on 10 February after Houthi fighters attempted to take control of the city and encountered local resistance.<sup id="cite_ref-anniversary_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anniversary-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Twenty-six were killed in clashes between Houthis and <a href="/wiki/Al_Qaeda" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Qaeda">al Qaeda</a>-aligned Sunni tribesmen in the southern <a href="/wiki/Al_Bayda%27_Governorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Bayda&#39; Governorate">Al Bayda' Governorate</a> on 14 February.<sup id="cite_ref-clashesbetween_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clashesbetween-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">jihadist</a> group <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Sharia_(Yemen)" title="Ansar al-Sharia (Yemen)">Ansar al-Sharia</a> also took advantage of the power vacuum, capturing a military base in the <a href="/wiki/Shabwah_Governorate" title="Shabwah Governorate">Shabwah Governorate</a> of southern Yemen.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Houthis clashed again with tribesmen in <a href="/wiki/Al_Bayda%27,_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Bayda&#39;, Yemen">Al Bayda'</a> after demonstrations in support of Hadi in several cities on 27 February.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Three separate al-Qaeda attacks in Al Bayda' Governorate left at least 27 Houthis dead and more injured on 3 March.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 9 March, <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda_in_the_Arabian_Peninsula" title="Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula">al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula</a> (AQAP) seized control of <a href="/wiki/Al_Mahfad_District" title="Al Mahfad District">Al Mahfad</a> in southern Yemen's <a href="/wiki/Abyan_Governorate" title="Abyan Governorate">Abyan Governorate</a> for several hours. A counterattack by the army later that day forced them out of the town. Four soldiers and seven al Qaeda militants were reportedly killed in the fighting.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> AQAP seized the <a href="/wiki/Al_Hawtah_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Hawtah District">Al Hawtah District</a> on 20 March, again just for a single day, but 29 soldiers were left dead in a mass killing while the city was under jihadist control. A branch of the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant">Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant</a> later claimed responsibility for the massacre.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Amid tension between the Houthis and several military commanders, Houthi fighters attacked the residence of General Mohammed Rajah Laboudha in Sana'a on 17 March, reportedly killing one guard and detaining two others.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aden_Airport" title="Battle of Aden Airport">Major fighting in Aden</a> broke out on 19 March, leaving more than a dozen dead, after pro-Saleh troops stormed <a href="/wiki/Aden_International_Airport" title="Aden International Airport">Aden International Airport</a>. Hadi loyalists counterattacked, retaking the airport and capturing the base of a rebel general in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Terrorism">Terrorism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Terrorism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/March_2015_Sanaa_mosque_bombings" title="March 2015 Sanaa mosque bombings">March 2015 Sanaa mosque bombings</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Abdel_Karim_al-Khaiwani" title="Abdel Karim al-Khaiwani">Abdel-Karim al-Kheiwan</a>, a Houthi leader, was shot dead in Sana'a on 18 March 2015. <a href="/wiki/Al_Qaeda" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Qaeda">Al Qaeda</a> said it carried out the assassination. Two days later, the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant">Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant</a> claimed responsibility for four <a href="/wiki/Suicide_attack" title="Suicide attack">suicide attacks</a> against <a href="/wiki/Shia" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia">Shia</a> mosques with primarily <a href="/wiki/Houthis" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthis">Houthi</a> congregations in Sana'a. At least 142 people were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protests">Protests</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Protests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the Rada'a clashes on 10 February, the following day, anti-Houthi activists held major protests in <a href="/wiki/Ta%27izz" class="mw-redirect" title="Ta&#39;izz">Ta'izz</a> and other cities.<sup id="cite_ref-anniversary_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anniversary-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Houthi fighters fired on protesters in Ibb on 14 February, leaving four injured,<sup id="cite_ref-clashesbetween_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clashesbetween-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and again on 21 February, killing an activist.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Hadi's flight from Sana'a to <a href="/wiki/Aden" title="Aden">Aden</a>, thousands protested in support of the deposed president in the capital city on 22 February.<sup id="cite_ref-charge_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-charge-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> A similar demonstration occurred in <a href="/wiki/Ta%27izz" class="mw-redirect" title="Ta&#39;izz">Ta'izz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gccsupport_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gccsupport-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Southern_Movement" title="Southern Movement">Secessionists</a> also rallied in Aden to oppose Hadi's call for unity and national dialogue, chanting that Hadi was "contemptible" for not backing southern independence.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Abdul-Malik_al-Houthi" title="Abdul-Malik al-Houthi">Abdul-Malik al-Houthi</a> called for "protests and demonstrations" against what he alleged was foreign interference on the part of <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> and the United States on 26 February.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> On 10 March, thousands reportedly protested in <a href="/wiki/Sana%27a" class="mw-redirect" title="Sana&#39;a">Sana'a</a> calling for <a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Saleh" title="Ahmed Saleh">Ahmed Saleh</a>, son of former president <a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdullah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdullah Saleh">Ali Abdullah Saleh</a>, to be nominated to the presidency.<sup id="cite_ref-exile_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exile-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> A similar demonstration was held on 13 March, after pro-Saleh vehicles with loudspeakers reportedly broadcast messages throughout Sana'a urging residents to come out in support of Ahmed Saleh for the preceding two days.<sup id="cite_ref-uae_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uae-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_response">International response</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: International response"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposition">Opposition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Opposition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MSC_2014_AlZayani_Mueller_MSC2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/MSC_2014_AlZayani_Mueller_MSC2014.jpg/170px-MSC_2014_AlZayani_Mueller_MSC2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/MSC_2014_AlZayani_Mueller_MSC2014.jpg/255px-MSC_2014_AlZayani_Mueller_MSC2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/MSC_2014_AlZayani_Mueller_MSC2014.jpg/340px-MSC_2014_AlZayani_Mueller_MSC2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1253" data-file-height="1700" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Abdulatif_al-Zayani" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdulatif al-Zayani">Abdulatif al-Zayani</a>, secretary-general of the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Co-operation_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulf Co-operation Council">GCC</a>, staunchly opposed the Houthi takeover, backing <a href="/wiki/Abdrabbuh_Mansur_Hadi" title="Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi">Hadi</a>'s claim to legitimacy.</figcaption></figure> <p>International reactions to the Houthi takeover were generally negative, with the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council" title="Gulf Cooperation Council">Gulf Cooperation Council</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, United States, and United Nations all criticising the coup.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The United States and United Kingdom moved swiftly to close their embassies and evacuate their ambassadors.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates followed suit.<sup id="cite_ref-hub_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hub-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> unanimously adopted a resolution deploring the Houthi takeover and demanding that the group relinquish control of the government on 15 February 2015, although it stopped short of authorising military force.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The GCC warned that if the UN did not act forcefully, its members would "take measures which enable them to maintain their vital interests in the security and stability of Yemen".<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>A Saudi delegation met with Hadi on 23 February, days after his escape to <a href="/wiki/Aden" title="Aden">Aden</a>. Aides to Hadi said the delegation informed him that <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Saudi Arabia">Riyadh</a> continued to recognise him as president. The GCC also called on the Yemeni people to support Hadi against the Houthis.<sup id="cite_ref-gccsupport_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gccsupport-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Hadi also met with a GCC delegation, including Secretary-General <a href="/wiki/Abdulatif_al-Zayani" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdulatif al-Zayani">Abdulatif al-Zayani</a>. On 26 February, the Saudi ambassador to Yemen relocated his mission from <a href="/wiki/Sana%27a" class="mw-redirect" title="Sana&#39;a">Sana'a</a> to Aden.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Abdul-Malik_al-Houthi" title="Abdul-Malik al-Houthi">Abdul-Malik al-Houthi</a> responded by accusing Saudi Arabia of destabilising the country and financing those who "aim to hurt the people of Yemen".<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> also announced they would relocate their embassies to Aden.<sup id="cite_ref-flights_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flights-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> On 10 March, al-Houthi claimed the Gulf states were working "to facilitate the atmosphere for al Qaeda in the southern provinces".<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The United States reportedly withdrew the last of its special forces from Yemen in March 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The United Kingdom followed suit, with its remaining troops being airlifted out of Sana'a.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Support">Support</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Support"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Iran" title="Government of Iran">government</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> praised the Houthi uprising as an extension of the <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Revolution">Iranian Revolution</a>, with President <a href="/wiki/Hassan_Rouhani" title="Hassan Rouhani">Hassan Rouhani</a> stating that the Islamic Republic was supporting "peace and stability" in Yemen.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> On 28 February, Houthi-controlled state media announced that Iran and Yemen signed an agreement to open direct flight routes between the two countries.<sup id="cite_ref-flights_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flights-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The following month, a Houthi spokesperson said the group had secured pledges from Iran to provide oil to Yemen, expand its ports, and construct power plants in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_involvement">Foreign involvement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: Foreign involvement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2015_military_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 military intervention in Yemen">2015 military intervention in Yemen</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Saudi_Arabia">Saudi Arabia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: Saudi Arabia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After <a href="/wiki/Riad_Yassin" title="Riad Yassin">Riad Yassin</a>, Hadi's foreign minister, called on the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council" title="Gulf Cooperation Council">Gulf Cooperation Council</a> to assist the beleaguered government in <a href="/wiki/Aden" title="Aden">Aden</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> began a <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Armed Forces of Saudi Arabia">military</a> buildup on its border with Yemen in late March 2015, according to US intelligence.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> On 25 March, Saudi Arabia began launching airstrikes in Yemen.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yemeni Houthi rebels asks UN to stop Saudi Arabian strikes against them follow continued blatant aggression on Yemen by Saudi.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_States">United States</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Michael_G._Vickers" title="Michael G. Vickers">Michael G. Vickers</a>, U.S. Undersecretary of Defense for Intelligence, the United States established an intelligence relationship with the Houthis to counter <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda_in_the_Arabian_Peninsula" title="Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula">Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The U.S. ambassador to Yemen, <a href="/wiki/Matthew_H._Tueller" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthew H. Tueller">Matthew H. Tueller</a>, met with Hadi after his escape to Aden and said the U.S. still viewed him as the "legitimate" president despite the Houthi takeover. However, the U.S. said it had no plans to relocate its shuttered embassy from Sana'a.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Saudi_intervention">Saudi intervention</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Edit section: Saudi intervention"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aden_(2015)" title="Battle of Aden (2015)">Battle of Aden (2015)</a></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aden_Airport" title="Battle of Aden Airport">Battle of Aden Airport</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=2015_Sana%27a_mosque_bombings_(disambiguation)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2015 Sana&#39;a mosque bombings (disambiguation) (page does not exist)">Sana'a mosque bombings</a>, the Houthi <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Committee_(Yemen)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Committee (Yemen)">Revolutionary Committee</a> declared on 21 March a "state of general mobilisation", in light of the actions of the pro-Hadi Popular Committees and "terrorist elements".<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 March, the Houthis seized <a href="/wiki/Taiz" title="Taiz">Taiz</a> without resistance, although Houthi gunmen reportedly fired into the air to disperse protests against their takeover.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The group took control of the military airbase in the city and reportedly flew troops and materiel into the airfield. The Houthi advance was assisted by forces loyal to Saleh.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The next day, Houthi forces were dispatched to <a href="/wiki/Mocha,_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Mocha, Yemen">Mocha</a>, a major port on the <a href="/wiki/Bab-el-Mandeb" title="Bab-el-Mandeb">Bab-el-Mandeb</a> strait.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Houthi offensive advanced dramatically on 25 March, with the systematic falls of <a href="/wiki/Al_Anad_Air_Base" title="Al Anad Air Base">Al Anad Air Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lahij" title="Lahij">Lahij</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Aden_International_Airport" title="Aden International Airport">Aden International Airport</a><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and the reported capture of Defence Minister <a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_al-Subaihi" title="Mahmoud al-Subaihi">Mahmoud al-Subaihi</a> by Houthi fighters.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Amid disputed reports that Hadi fled the country,<sup id="cite_ref-ao-deal_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ao-deal-88"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Yemeni Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Riad_Yassin" title="Riad Yassin">Riad Yassin</a> called on <a href="/wiki/Arab_world" title="Arab world">Arab states</a> to intervene in the country's crisis.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Shuqrah" title="Shuqrah">Shuqrah</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Sea" title="Arabian Sea">Arabian Sea</a>, east of Aden, fell to the Houthis on 27 March, giving the militants control of all land entrances to Aden. <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aden_(2015)" title="Battle of Aden (2015)">Fighting</a> was reported on the outskirts of the provisional capital itself.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> By the start of April, Houthi and allied military forces had pressed into central Aden, taking control of the presidential palace on 2 April.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Saudi-led_air_campaign">Saudi-led air campaign</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Edit section: Saudi-led air campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2015_military_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="2015 military intervention in Yemen">2015 military intervention in Yemen</a></div> <p>Later that day, the Gulf states made a joint announcement that they would mount a military intervention against the Houthis, <a href="/wiki/Al_Qaeda" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Qaeda">al Qaeda</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant">Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant</a> in Yemen.<sup id="cite_ref-jointstate_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jointstate-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>'s ambassador to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> announced the kingdom launched airstrikes against Houthi targets overnight.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> also joined the campaign, with Egyptian naval ships moving to block the <a href="/wiki/Bab-el-Mandeb" title="Bab-el-Mandeb">Bab-el-Mandeb</a> strait,<sup id="cite_ref-voa_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-voa-95"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> declared it would provide intelligence and logistical support.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hadi arrived in Riyadh on 26 March, reportedly by way of <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a>. He was greeted by the Saudi defence minister, <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_bin_Salman_Al_Saud" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad bin Salman Al Saud">Mohammad bin Salman Al Saud</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Yemeni_Crisis,_revolution,_and_civil_war_(2011-present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Outline of the Yemeni Crisis, revolution, and civil war (2011-present)">Outline of the Yemeni Crisis, revolution, and civil war (2011-present)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-shifting-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shifting_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMona_El-Naggar2015" class="citation web cs1">Mona El-Naggar (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/26/world/middleeast/yemeni-parliament-cancels-meeting-on-presidents-resignation.html?_r=0">"Shifting Alliances Play Out 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150216231342/http://midwestdiplomacy.com/2015/01/26/demystifying-yemens-conflict/">Demystifying Yemen's Conflict (Midwest Diplomacy)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/country_profiles/1706450.stm">Timeline: Yemen (BBC)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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(2014–present)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Timeline of the Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Yemeni_crisis,_revolution,_and_civil_war_(2011%E2%80%93present)" title="Outline of the Yemeni crisis, revolution, and civil war (2011–present)">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_crisis" title="Yemeni crisis">Yemeni crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_revolution" title="Yemeni revolution">Background</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_insurgency_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthi insurgency in Yemen">Houthi insurgency in Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen" title="Houthi takeover in Yemen">Houthi takeover in Yemen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aftermath of the Houthi takeover in Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sanaa_(2014)" title="Battle of Sanaa (2014)">Battle of Sanaa (2014)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Yemen" title="Human rights in Yemen">Human rights in Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Battles<br />and attacks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shabwah_Governorate_offensive_(2014%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shabwah Governorate offensive (2014–present)">Shabwah Governorate offensive (2014–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aden_Airport" title="Battle of Aden Airport">Battle of Aden Airport</a></li> <li>2015 Sanaa mosque bombings: <a href="/wiki/March_2015_Sanaa_mosque_bombings" title="March 2015 Sanaa mosque bombings">March</a> and <a href="/wiki/September_2015_Sanaa_mosque_bombing" title="September 2015 Sanaa mosque bombing">September</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marib_campaign" title="Marib campaign">Marib campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dhale" title="Battle of Dhale">Battle of Dhale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian%E2%80%93led_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen">Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aden_(2015)" title="Battle of Aden (2015)">Battle of Aden (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abyan_campaign_(March%E2%80%93August_2015)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abyan campaign (March–August 2015)">Abyan campaign (March–August 2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahij_insurgency" title="Lahij insurgency">Lahij insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houthi%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabian_conflict" title="Houthi–Saudi Arabian conflict">Houthi–Saudi Arabian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabwah_campaign_(March%E2%80%93August_2015)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shabwah campaign (March–August 2015)">Shabwah campaign (March–August 2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mukalla_(2015)" title="Battle of Mukalla (2015)">Battle of Mukalla (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiz_campaign_(2015%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiz campaign (2015–present)">Taiz campaign (2015–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2015_Marib_Tochka_missile_attack" title="September 2015 Marib Tochka missile attack">September 2015 Marib Tochka missile attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aden_unrest_(2015%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aden unrest (2015–present)">Aden unrest (2015–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_2015_Aden_missile_attack" title="October 2015 Aden missile attack">October 2015 Aden missile attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Aden_car_bombing" title="2015 Aden car bombing">2015 Aden car bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missionaries_of_Charity_attack_in_Aden" title="Missionaries of Charity attack in Aden">Aden Christian attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Aden_car_bombing" title="2016 Aden car bombing">2016 Aden car bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/23_May_2016_Yemen_bombings" title="23 May 2016 Yemen bombings">23 May 2016 Aden bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_2016_Aden_bombing" title="August 2016 Aden bombing">August 2016 Aden bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2016_Aden_suicide_bombings" title="December 2016 Aden suicide bombings">December 2016 Aden suicide bombings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Zinjibar_and_Jaar" title="Fall of Zinjibar and Jaar">Zinjibar and Jaar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2015_Taiz_missile_attack" title="December 2015 Taiz missile attack">December 2015 Taiz missile attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihm_Offensive" title="Nihm Offensive">Nihm Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Port_Midi" title="Battle of Port Midi">Battle of Port Midi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadramaut_Insurgency" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadramaut Insurgency">Hadramaut Insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Abyan_Offensive_(2016)" title="Southern Abyan Offensive (2016)">Southern Abyan Offensive (2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abyan_conflict_(2016%E2%80%932018)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abyan conflict (2016–2018)">Abyan conflict (2016–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mukalla_(2016)" title="Battle of Mukalla (2016)">Battle of Mukalla (2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2016_Yemen_police_bombings" title="May 2016 Yemen police bombings">May 2016 Yemen police bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2016_Mukalla_attacks" title="June 2016 Mukalla attacks">June 2016 Mukalla attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Sanaa_funeral_airstrike" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Sanaa funeral airstrike">2016 Sanaa funeral airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Yakla" title="Raid on Yakla">Raid on Yakla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Al_Hathla" title="Raid on Al Hathla">Raid on Al Hathla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sanaa_(2017)" title="Battle of Sanaa (2017)">Battle of Sanaa (2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aden_(2018)" title="Battle of Aden (2018)">Battle of Aden (2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al_Hudaydah" title="Battle of Al Hudaydah">Battle of Al Hudaydah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahyan_air_strike" title="Dahyan air strike">Dahyan air strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abha_International_Airport_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Abha International Airport attack">Abha International Airport attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Jabara_Valley" title="Battle of the Jabara Valley">Battle of the Jabara Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Abqaiq%E2%80%93Khurais_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 Abqaiq–Khurais attack">2019 Abqaiq–Khurais attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2020_Marib_attack" title="January 2020 Marib attack">January 2020 Marib attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Jawf_offensive" title="Al-Jawf offensive">Al-Jawf offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Bayda_offensive" title="Al Bayda offensive">Al Bayda offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_2020_Marib_attack" title="August 2020 Marib attack">August 2020 Marib attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Aden_attacks" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Aden attacks">2020 Aden attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marib" title="Battle of Marib">Battle of Marib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Aden_bombings" title="2021 Aden bombings">2021 Aden bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Abu_Dhabi_attack" title="2022 Abu Dhabi attack">2022 Abu Dhabi attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saada_prison_airstrike" title="Saada prison airstrike">Saada prison airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Jeddah_missile_attack" title="2022 Jeddah missile attack">2022 Jeddah missile attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Southern_Yemen_offensive" title="2022 Southern Yemen offensive">2022 Southern Yemen offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Sea_crisis" title="Red Sea crisis">Red Sea Crisis (2023-)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Prosperity_Guardian" title="Operation Prosperity Guardian">Operation Prosperity Guardian</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Yemeni_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="International reactions to the Yemeni Revolution">Reactions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Foreign involvement in the Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Foreign involvement in the Yemeni civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi-led_intervention_in_the_Yemeni_civil_war" title="Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war">Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Yemen" title="Blockade of Yemen">Blockade of Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_peace_process" title="Yemeni peace process">Yemeni peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates_takeover_of_Socotra" class="mw-redirect" title="United Arab Emirates takeover of Socotra">United Arab Emirates takeover of Socotra</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Impacts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Yemeni_humanitarian_crisis" title="Timeline of the Yemeni humanitarian crisis">Humanitarian crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Famine_in_Yemen_(2016%E2%80%93present)" title="Famine in Yemen (2016–present)">Famine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932022_Yemen_cholera_outbreak" title="2016–2022 Yemen cholera outbreak">Cholera outbreak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airstrikes_on_hospitals_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Airstrikes on hospitals in Yemen">Airstrikes on hospitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_on_Jeju_Island" title="Refugees on Jeju Island">Refugees on Jeju Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Yemen" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Yemen">COVID-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Yemen" title="Water supply and sanitation in Yemen">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="War crimes in the Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">War crimes and human rights violations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Belligerents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Yemen" title="Cabinet of Yemen">Alimi</a> government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rashad_al-Alimi" title="Rashad al-Alimi">Pro-Alimi</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Yemen_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Yemen Armed Forces">security forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Saleh" title="Ahmed Saleh">Saleh</a> loyalist defectors</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Islah_(Yemen)" title="Al-Islah (Yemen)">Al-Islah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Resistance_Committees_(Yemen)" title="Popular Resistance Committees (Yemen)">Popular Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Committees_(Yemen)" title="Popular Committees (Yemen)">Popular Committees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Movement" title="Southern Movement">Southern Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Transitional_Council" title="Southern Transitional Council">Southern Transitional Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Guard_(Yemen)" title="Republican Guard (Yemen)">Republican Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Hadhrami_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="National Hadhrami Council">National Hadhrami Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Houthi" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthi">Houthi</a> government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Political_Council" title="Supreme Political Council">Supreme Political Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_movement" title="Houthi movement">Houthis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdullah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdullah Saleh">Pro-Saleh</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Yemen_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Yemen Armed Forces">forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Revolutionary_Committee" title="Supreme Revolutionary Committee">Supreme Revolutionary Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Yemen" title="Cabinet of Yemen">Alimi</a> government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rashad_al-Alimi" title="Rashad al-Alimi">Rashad al-Alimi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdrabbuh_Mansur_Hadi" title="Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi">Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_al-Subaihi" title="Mahmoud al-Subaihi">Mahmoud al-Subaihi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Mohsen_al-Ahmar" title="Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar">Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaled_Bahah" title="Khaled Bahah">Khaled Bahah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hussein_Arab" title="Hussein Arab">Hussein Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Saleh" title="Ahmed Saleh">Ahmed Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tareq_Saleh" title="Tareq Saleh">Tareq Saleh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Houthi_movement" title="Houthi movement">Houthi</a> government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saleh_Ali_al-Sammad" title="Saleh Ali al-Sammad">Saleh Ali al-Sammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_al-Atifi" title="Mohamed al-Atifi">Mohamed al-Atifi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_al-Houthi" title="Mohammed al-Houthi">Mohammed al-Houthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hussein_Khairan" title="Hussein Khairan">Hussein Khairan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul-Malik_al-Houthi" title="Abdul-Malik al-Houthi">Abdul-Malik al-Houthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdullah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdullah Saleh">Ali Abdullah Saleh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Houthi_conflict_(2023%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="United States–Houthi conflict (2023–present)">United States–Houthi conflict (2023–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Saudi-led_intervention_in_Yemen_(2015%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="International reactions to the Saudi-led intervention in Yemen (2015–present)">Reactions to the Saudi-led military intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aviation_shootdowns_and_accidents_during_the_Saudi_Arabian-led_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen">List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Arab_Spring" style="wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arab_Spring" title="Template:Arab Spring"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arab_Spring" title="Template talk:Arab Spring"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arab_Spring" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arab Spring"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Arab_Spring" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Arab_Spring" title="Arab Spring">Arab Spring</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#eeeeee;"><div>"<i><a href="/wiki/Ash-shab_yurid_isqat_an-nizam" title="Ash-shab yurid isqat an-nizam">Ash-shab yurid isqat an-nizam</a></i>"</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Events by country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010%E2%80%932012_Algerian_protests" title="2010–2012 Algerian protests">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Bahraini_uprising" title="2011 Bahraini uprising">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Djiboutian_protests" title="2011 Djiboutian protests">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Revolution_of_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian Revolution of 2011">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Iraqi_protests" title="2011 Iraqi protests">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_protests_(2011%E2%80%9312)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jordanian protests (2011–12)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwaiti_protests_(2011%E2%80%932013)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuwaiti protests (2011–2013)">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Lebanese_protests" title="2011 Lebanese protests">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Libyan_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="First Libyan civil war">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Mauritanian_protests" title="2011–2012 Mauritanian protests">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Moroccan_protests" title="2011–2012 Moroccan protests">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Omani_protests" title="2011 Omani protests">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Palestinian_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Palestinian protests">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Saudi_Arabian_protests" title="2011–2012 Saudi Arabian protests">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932013_Sudanese_protests" title="2011–2013 Sudanese protests">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_revolution" title="Tunisian revolution">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Western_Saharan_protests" title="2011 Western Saharan protests">Western Sahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_revolution" title="Yemeni revolution">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Bahrain:</i> <a href="/wiki/Al_Wefaq" title="Al Wefaq">Al Wefaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_14_Youth_Coalition" title="February 14 Youth Coalition">February 14 Youth Coalition</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Egypt:</i> <a href="/wiki/April_6_Youth_Movement" title="April 6 Youth Movement">April 6 Youth Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kefaya" title="Kefaya">Kefaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Brotherhood" title="Muslim Brotherhood">Muslim Brotherhood</a> (<a href="/wiki/Freedom_and_Justice_Party_(Egypt)" title="Freedom and Justice Party (Egypt)">FJP</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_for_Change" title="National Association for Change">National Association for Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Party_(Egypt)" title="National Democratic Party (Egypt)">National Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Salvation_Front_(Egypt)" title="National Salvation Front (Egypt)">National Salvation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialists_(Egypt)" title="Revolutionary Socialists (Egypt)">Revolutionary Socialists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shayfeencom" title="Shayfeencom">Shayfeencom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultras_Ahlawy" title="Ultras Ahlawy">Ultras Ahlawy</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Libya:</i> <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Army_(Libya)" title="National Liberation Army (Libya)">National Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Transitional_Council" title="National Transitional Council">National Transitional Council</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Mauritania:</i> <a href="/wiki/February_25th_Movement" title="February 25th Movement">February 25th Movement</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Saudi Arabia:</i> <a href="/wiki/Women_to_drive_movement" title="Women to drive movement">Women to drive movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_the_Defense_of_Human_Rights_in_the_Arabian_Peninsula" title="Committee for the Defense of Human Rights in the Arabian Peninsula">CDHRAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_for_Development_and_Change" title="Society for Development and Change">Society for Development and Change</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Syria:</i> Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region" title="Arab Socialist Ba&#39;ath Party – Syria Region">Regional Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%27ath_Party_(Syrian-dominated_faction)" title="Ba&#39;ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction)">National Command</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_for_Syrian_Revolutionary_and_Opposition_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces">National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Syrian_Army" title="Free Syrian Army">Free Syrian Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Revolution_General_Commission" title="Syrian Revolution General Commission">Syrian Revolution General Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_National_Council" title="Syrian National Council">Syrian National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Coordination_Committee_for_Democratic_Change" title="National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change">National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hizb_ut-Tahrir" title="Hizb ut-Tahrir">Hizb ut-Tahrir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_rebel_fighters_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign rebel fighters in the Syrian civil war">Foreign fighters</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Tunisia:</i> <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Rally" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutional Democratic Rally">Constitutional Democratic Rally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennahda" title="Ennahda">Ennahda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_(Tunisia)" title="Popular Front (Tunisia)">Popular Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_General_Labour_Union" title="Tunisian General Labour Union">Tunisian General Labour Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_National_Dialogue_Quartet" title="Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet">Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Yemen:</i> <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Yemeni_Tribes" title="Alliance of Yemeni Tribes">Alliance of Yemeni Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Islah_(Yemen)" title="Al-Islah (Yemen)">Al-Islah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashid" title="Hashid">Hashid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houthis" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthis">Houthis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_People%27s_Congress_(Yemen)" title="General People&#39;s Congress (Yemen)">General People's Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="South Yemen Movement">Hiraak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Notable people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Arab_Spring" title="Women in the Arab Spring">Women in the Arab Spring</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Algeria:</i> <a href="/wiki/Abdelaziz_Bouteflika" title="Abdelaziz Bouteflika">Abdelaziz Bouteflika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Ouyahia" title="Ahmed Ouyahia">Ahmed Ouyahia</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Bahrain:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hamad_bin_Isa_Al_Khalifa" title="Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa">Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasan_Mushaima" title="Hasan Mushaima">Hasan Mushaima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Salman" title="Ali Salman">Ali Salman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Ali_Jawad_al-Sheikh" title="Death of Ali Jawad al-Sheikh">Ali Jawad al-Sheikh</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Egypt:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak" title="Hosni Mubarak">Hosni Mubarak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Suleiman_(politician)" title="Omar Suleiman (politician)">Omar Suleiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Hussein_Tantawy" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohamed Hussein Tantawy">Mohamed Hussein Tantawy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Nazif" title="Ahmed Nazif">Ahmed Nazif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Shafik" title="Ahmed Shafik">Ahmed Shafik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wael_Ghonim" title="Wael Ghonim">Wael Ghonim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamal_Ganzouri" title="Kamal Ganzouri">Kamal Ganzouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Khaled_Mohamed_Saeed" class="mw-redirect" title="Death of Khaled Mohamed Saeed">Khaled Mohamed Saeed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essam_Sharaf" title="Essam Sharaf">Essam Sharaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_ElBaradei" title="Mohamed ElBaradei">Mohamed ElBaradei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Morsi" title="Mohamed Morsi">Mohamed Morsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesham_Qandil" title="Hesham Qandil">Hesham Qandil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassem_Youssef_(television_host)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bassem Youssef (television host)">Bassem Youssef</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Jordan:</i> <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_II_of_Jordan" title="Abdullah II of Jordan">King Abdullah II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marouf_al-Bakhit" title="Marouf al-Bakhit">Marouf al-Bakhit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Rifai" title="Samir Rifai">Samir Rifai</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Libya:</i> <a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saif_al-Islam_Gaddafi" title="Saif al-Islam Gaddafi">Saif al-Islam Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Abdul-Jelil" class="mw-redirect" title="Mustafa Abdul-Jelil">Mustafa Abdul-Jelil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_Gebril" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahmud Gebril">Mahmud Gebril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Nabbous" title="Mohammed Nabbous">Mohammed Nabbous</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Mauritania:</i> <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Ould_Abdel_Aziz" title="Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz">Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulaye_Ould_Mohamed_Laghdaf" title="Moulaye Ould Mohamed Laghdaf">Moulaye Ould Mohamed Laghdaf</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Morocco:</i> <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_VI_of_Morocco" title="Mohammed VI of Morocco">Mohammed VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbas_El_Fassi" title="Abbas El Fassi">Abbas El Fassi</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Saudi Arabia:</i> <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Abdullah of Saudi Arabia">Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaled_al-Johani" title="Khaled al-Johani">Khaled al-Johani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manal_al-Sharif" title="Manal al-Sharif">Manal al-Sharif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimr_al-Nimr" title="Nimr al-Nimr">Nimr al-Nimr</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Sudan:</i> <a href="/wiki/Omar_al-Bashir" title="Omar al-Bashir">Omar al-Bashir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_al-Turabi" title="Hassan al-Turabi">Hassan al-Turabi</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Syria:</i> <a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar al-Assad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Naji_al-Otari" title="Muhammad Naji al-Otari">Muhammad Naji al-Otari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adel_Safar" title="Adel Safar">Adel Safar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riyad_Farid_Hijab" title="Riyad Farid Hijab">Riyad Farid Hijab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wael_Nader_al-Halqi" title="Wael Nader al-Halqi">Wael Nader al-Halqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maher_al-Assad" title="Maher al-Assad">Maher al-Assad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Ghalioun" title="Burhan Ghalioun">Burhan Ghalioun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moaz_al-Khatib" title="Moaz al-Khatib">Moaz al-Khatib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Hamza_Ali_Al-Khateeb" title="Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb">Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Tunisia:</i> <a href="/wiki/Zine_El_Abidine_Ben_Ali" title="Zine El Abidine Ben Ali">Zine El Abidine Ben Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Ghannouchi" title="Mohamed Ghannouchi">Mohamed Ghannouchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moncef_Marzouki" title="Moncef Marzouki">Moncef Marzouki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashid_al-Ghannushi" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashid al-Ghannushi">Rashid al-Ghannushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fouad_Mebazaa" title="Fouad Mebazaa">Fouad Mebazaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beji_Caid_Essebsi" title="Beji Caid Essebsi">Beji Caid Essebsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamadi_Jebali" title="Hamadi Jebali">Hamadi Jebali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Bouazizi" title="Mohamed Bouazizi">Mohamed Bouazizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chokri_Belaid" title="Chokri Belaid">Chokri Belaid</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>United Arab Emirates:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UAE_Five" title="UAE Five">UAE Five</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Yemen:</i> <a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdullah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdullah Saleh">Ali Abdullah Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdrabbuh_Mansur_Hadi" title="Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi">Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawakkol_Karman" title="Tawakkol Karman">Tawakkol Karman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Majeed_al-Zindani" title="Abdul Majeed al-Zindani">Abdul Majeed al-Zindani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Mohsen_al-Ahmar" title="Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar">Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadiq_al-Ahmar" title="Sadiq al-Ahmar">Sadiq al-Ahmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul-Malik_al-Houthi" title="Abdul-Malik al-Houthi">Abdul-Malik al-Houthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Ali_al-Houthi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammed Ali al-Houthi">Mohammed Ali al-Houthi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_Arab_Spring" title="Impact of the Arab Spring">Impact</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Occupy_movement" title="Occupy movement">Occupy movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Albanian_opposition_demonstrations" title="2011 Albanian opposition demonstrations">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Armenian_protests" title="2011 Armenian protests">Armenia</a></li> <li>Azerbaijan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Azerbaijani_protests" title="2011 Azerbaijani protests">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Baku_protests" title="2013 Baku protests">2013</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Belarusian_protests" title="2011 Belarusian protests">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Burkinab%C3%A8_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Burkinabè protests">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Chinese_pro-democracy_protests" title="2011 Chinese pro-democracy protests">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010%E2%80%9312_Greek_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2010–12 Greek protests">Greece</a></li> <li>India <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Indian_anti-corruption_movement" title="2011 Indian anti-corruption movement">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Indian_anti-corruption_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 Indian anti-corruption movement">2012</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Iranian_protests" title="2011–2012 Iranian protests">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Kurdish_protests_in_Iraq" title="2011 Kurdish protests in Iraq">Iraqi Kurdistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Israeli_social_justice_protests" title="2011 Israeli social justice protests">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Maldives_political_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2011–2012 Maldives political crisis">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mali_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Mali conflict">Mali</a></li> <li>Mexico <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Peace_with_Justice_and_Dignity" title="Movement for Peace with Justice and Dignity">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yo_Soy_132" title="Yo Soy 132">2012</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-austerity_movement_in_Portugal" title="Anti-austerity movement in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932013_Russian_protests" title="2011–2013 Russian protests">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Spanish_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2011–2012 Spanish protests">Spain</a></li> <li>Turkey <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey" title="2011–2012 Kurdish protests in Turkey">2011–2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gezi_Park_protests" title="Gezi Park protests">2013</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_United_Kingdom_anti-austerity_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 United Kingdom anti-austerity protests">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_United_States_public_employee_protests" title="2011 United States public employee protests">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_civil_war_(2011%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Libyan civil war (2011–present)">Libyan civil war (2011–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_crisis_(2011%E2%80%932014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian crisis (2011–2014)">Egyptian crisis (2011–2014)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">UN Resolutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_65/265" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 65/265">65/265</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1970" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1970">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1973" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2009" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2009">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2014" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2014">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2016" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2016">2016</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Arab_Spring" title="International reactions to the Arab Spring">International reactions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Bahraini_uprising_(2011%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="International reactions to the Bahraini uprising (2011–present)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Egyptian_Revolution_of_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="International reactions to the Egyptian Revolution of 2011">Egypt</a></li> <li>Libya <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Libyan_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="International reactions to the Libyan civil war">civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_2011_military_intervention_in_Libya" title="International reactions to the 2011 military intervention in Libya">military intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_death_of_Muammar_Gaddafi" class="mw-redirect" title="International reactions to the death of Muammar Gaddafi">death of Muammar Gaddafi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="International reactions to the Syrian civil war">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Tunisian_revolution" title="International reactions to the Tunisian revolution">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Yemeni_revolution" title="International reactions to the Yemeni revolution">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Domestic reactions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_responses_to_the_Egyptian_revolution_of_2011" title="Domestic responses to the Egyptian revolution of 2011">Egypt</a></li> <li>Libya <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_responses_to_the_Libyan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Domestic responses to the Libyan Civil War">domestic responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian reactions to the Syrian civil war">Syria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Arab_Spring" title="Timeline of the Arab Spring">Timelines</a> by country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bahraini_uprising_(2011%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Bahraini uprising (2011–present)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Egyptian_revolution_of_2011" title="Timeline of the Egyptian revolution of 2011">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Libyan_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Libyan civil war">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2011%E2%80%9313_Saudi_Arabian_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the 2011–13 Saudi Arabian protests">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Yemeni_revolution" title="Timeline of the Yemeni revolution">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_crisis_(2011%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemeni crisis (2011–present)">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_crisis_(2011%E2%80%93present)" title="Libyan crisis (2011–present)">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_crisis_(2011%E2%80%932014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian crisis (2011–2014)">Egypt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:#eeeeee;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Arab_Spring" title="Category:Arab Spring">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Yemen_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yemen_topics" title="Template:Yemen topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yemen_topics" title="Template talk:Yemen topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yemen_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yemen topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Yemen_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Index_of_Yemen-related_articles" title="Index of Yemen-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Yemen" title="History of Yemen">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Yemeni_history" title="Timeline of Yemeni history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_history_of_Yemen" title="Ancient history of Yemen">Ancient history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minaeans" title="Minaeans">Minaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himyarite_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Himyarite Kingdom">Himyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aksum" title="Kingdom of Aksum">Kingdom of Aksum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Yemen" title="Sasanian Yemen">Sasanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_history_of_Yemen" title="Islamic history of Yemen">Islamic history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Modern_history_of_Yemen" title="Modern history of Yemen">Modern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi%E2%80%93Yemeni_War_(1934)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi–Yemeni War (1934)">Saudi–Yemeni War (1934)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alwaziri_coup" class="mw-redirect" title="Alwaziri coup">Alwaziri coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Yemen_Civil_War" title="North Yemen Civil War">North Yemen Civil War</a></li> <li>Yemenite Wars <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yemenite_War_of_1972" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemenite War of 1972">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemenite_War_of_1979" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemenite War of 1979">1979</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen_civil_war" title="South Yemen civil war">South Yemen civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_unification" title="Yemeni unification">Unification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Civil_War_(1994)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemeni Civil War (1994)">1994 Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_insurgency" title="Houthi insurgency">Houthi insurgency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen" title="Houthi takeover in Yemen">Takeover</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aftermath of the takeover</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_crisis" title="Yemeni crisis">Crisis (2011–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_revolution" title="Yemeni revolution">Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Civil war (2014–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian%E2%80%93led_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen">Saudi–led intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Yemen" title="Blockade of Yemen">Saudi–led blockade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Famine_in_Yemen_(2016%E2%80%93present)" title="Famine in Yemen (2016–present)">Famine in Yemen (2016–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932022_Yemen_cholera_outbreak" title="2016–2022 Yemen cholera outbreak">2016–2022 Yemen cholera outbreak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Yemen" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Yemen">COVID-19 pandemic in Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen"><img alt="Yemen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Insigne_Iemeniae.svg/80px-Insigne_Iemeniae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Insigne_Iemeniae.svg/120px-Insigne_Iemeniae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Insigne_Iemeniae.svg/160px-Insigne_Iemeniae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="544" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Yemen" title="Geography of Yemen">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_Yemen" title="Template:Borders of Yemen">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Yemen" title="List of cities in Yemen">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Yemen" title="List of districts of Yemen">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorates_of_Yemen" title="Governorates of Yemen">Governorates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Yemen" title="List of islands of Yemen">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_Yemen" title="List of protected areas of Yemen">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Yemen" title="Category:Rivers of Yemen">Rivers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Yemen" title="Politics of Yemen">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Yemen)" title="House of Representatives (Yemen)">House of Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Yemen" title="Cabinet of Yemen">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Yemen" title="Constitution of Yemen">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Yemen" title="Elections in Yemen">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Yemen" title="Foreign relations of Yemen">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Yemen" title="Human rights in Yemen">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Yemen">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Yemen" title="Law enforcement in Yemen">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Political parties in Yemen">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Yemen" title="President of Yemen">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Yemen" title="Vice President of Yemen">Vice President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Yemen" title="Prime Minister of Yemen">Prime Minister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Yemen">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Guard_(Yemen)" title="Republican Guard (Yemen)">Republican Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Navy" title="Yemeni Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Air_Force" title="Yemeni Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen_Coast_Guard" title="Yemen Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Yemen" title="Economy of Yemen">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Yemen" title="Energy in Yemen">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_rial" title="Yemeni rial">Rial <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_industry_of_Yemen" title="Mining industry of Yemen">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Yemen" title="Telecommunications in Yemen">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Yemen" title="Tourism in Yemen">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Yemen" title="Transport in Yemen">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khat" title="Khat">Khat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Yemen" title="Category:Society of Yemen">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Yemen" title="Demographics of Yemen">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribes_of_Yemen" title="Tribes of Yemen">Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Yemen" title="Education in Yemen">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Yemen" title="Health in Yemen">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Yemen">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Yemen" title="Religion in Yemen">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Yemen" title="Water supply and sanitation in Yemen">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Yemen" title="Culture of Yemen">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Yemen" title="National anthem of Yemen">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Yemen" title="Cinema of Yemen">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Yemen" title="Emblem of Yemen">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_cuisine" title="Yemeni cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Yemen" title="Flag of Yemen">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Yemen" title="Mass media in Yemen">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Yemen" title="List of museums in Yemen">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Yemen" title="Music of Yemen">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Yemen" title="Public holidays in Yemen">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport in Yemen">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Yemen" title="Outline of Yemen">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Yemen-related_articles" title="Index of Yemen-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Yemen" title="Category:Yemen">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5f986c5479‐dxjt5 Cached time: 20241216131604 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.918 seconds Real time usage: 1.280 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 5933/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 281382/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 7110/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 28/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 381220/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.521/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4885057/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report 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