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Yaseen</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Iqra Yaseen"> <meta name="keywords" content="Iqra Yaseen"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Iqra Yaseen"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 37</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Iqra Yaseen</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Crop Classification using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Yaseen">Iqra Yaseen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the well-known areas of computer science and engineering, image processing in the context of computer vision has been essential to automation. In remote sensing, medical science, and many other fields, it has made it easier to uncover previously undiscovered facts. Grading of diverse items is now possible because of neural network algorithms, categorization, and digital image processing. Its use in the classification of agricultural products, particularly in the grading of seeds or grains and their cultivars, is widely recognized. A grading and sorting system enables the preservation of time, consistency, and uniformity. Global population growth has led to an increase in demand for food staples, biofuel, and other agricultural products. To meet this demand, available resources must be used and managed more effectively. Image processing is rapidly growing in the field of agriculture. Many applications have been developed using this approach for crop identification and classification, land and disease detection and for measuring other parameters of crop. Vegetation localization is the base of performing these task. Vegetation helps to identify the area where the crop is present. The productivity of the agriculture industry can be increased via image processing that is based upon Unmanned Aerial Vehicle photography and satellite. In this paper we use the machine learning techniques like Convolutional Neural Network, deep learning, image processing, classification, You Only Live Once to UAV imaging dataset to divide the crop into distinct groups and choose the best way to use it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title="image processing">image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UAV" title=" UAV"> UAV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YOLO" title=" YOLO"> YOLO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNN" title=" CNN"> CNN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157744/crop-classification-using-unmanned-aerial-vehicle-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157744.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Differential Transform Method: Some Important Examples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Jamil%20Amir">M. Jamil Amir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Iqbal"> Rabia Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Yaseen"> M. Yaseen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we solve some differential equations analytically by using differential transform method. For this purpose, we consider four models of Laplace equation with two Dirichlet and two Neumann boundary conditions and K(2,2) equation and obtain the corresponding exact solutions. The obtained results show the simplicity of the method and massive reduction in calculations when one compares it with other iterative methods, available in literature. It is worth mentioning that here only a few number of iterations are required to reach the closed form solutions as series expansions of some known functions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20transform%20method" title="differential transform method">differential transform method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laplace%20equation" title=" laplace equation"> laplace equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dirichlet%20boundary%20conditions" title=" Dirichlet boundary conditions"> Dirichlet boundary conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neumann%20boundary%20conditions" title=" Neumann boundary conditions"> Neumann boundary conditions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18605/differential-transform-method-some-important-examples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18605.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">537</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> New Method for the Synthesis of Different Pyrroloquinazolinoquinolin Alkaloids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulkareem%20M.%20Hamid">Abdulkareem M. Hamid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaseen%20Elhebshi"> Yaseen Elhebshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adam%20Da%C3%AFch"> Adam Daïch </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Luotonins and its derivatives (Isoluotonins) are alkaloids from the aerial parts of Peganum nigellastrum Bunge that display three major skeleton types. Luotonins A, B, and E are pyrroloquinazolinoquinoline alkaloids. A few methods were known for the sysnthesis of Isoluotonin. All luotonins have shown promising cytotoxicities towards selected human cancer cell lines, especially against leukemia P-388 cells. Luotonin A is the most active one, with its activity stemming from topoisomerase I-dependent DNA-cleavage. Such intriguing biological activities and unique structures have led not only to the development of synthetic methods for the efficient synthesis of these compounds, but also to interest in structural modifications for improving the biological properties. Recent progress in the study of luotonins is covered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=luotonin%20A" title="luotonin A">luotonin A</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isoluotonin" title=" isoluotonin"> isoluotonin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrroloquiolines" title=" pyrroloquiolines"> pyrroloquiolines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkaloids" title=" alkaloids"> alkaloids</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2142/new-method-for-the-synthesis-of-different-pyrroloquinazolinoquinolin-alkaloids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Design of a Commercial Off-the-Shelf Patch Antenna with Wide Half Power Beam Width for Global Navigation Satellite Systems Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mannahel%20Iftikhar">Mannahel Iftikhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Saeed"> Sara Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Faryad"> Iqra Faryad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Subhan"> Muhammad Subhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the design of a low-cost dual-band stacked rhombus-shaped slot patch antenna. The antenna is designed on L-band with a GPS (L2) bandwidth of 0.08 GHz centered at 1.207 GHz and a GPS (L1) bandwidth of 0.23 GHz centered at 1.575 GHz. The antenna’s dimensions are 8.02×8.02 cm². The antenna has a 3 dB beamwidth of 100° at 1.204 GHz and 117° at 1.575 GHz. The gain of this antenna is 6.5 dBi at 1.575 GHz and 6.43 dBi at 1.207 GHz. The antenna is designed using commercial off-the-shelf components and can be used in any global navigation satellite system receiver covering L1 and L2 communication bands. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20polarization" title="circular polarization">circular polarization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhanced%20beamwidth" title=" enhanced beamwidth"> enhanced beamwidth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stacked%20patches" title=" stacked patches"> stacked patches</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GNSS" title=" GNSS"> GNSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite%20communication" title=" satellite communication"> satellite communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160831/design-of-a-commercial-off-the-shelf-patch-antenna-with-wide-half-power-beam-width-for-global-navigation-satellite-systems-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160831.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Synthesis and Characterization of Amino-Functionalized Polystyrene Nanoparticles as Reactive Filler</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaseen%20Elhebshi">Yaseen Elhebshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulkareem%20Hamid"> Abdulkareem Hamid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nureddin%20Bin%20Issa"> Nureddin Bin Issa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaonong%20Chen"> Xiaonong Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A convenient method of preparing ultrafine polystyrene latex nano-particles with amino groups on the surface is developed. Polystyrene latexes in the size range 50–400 nm were prepared via emulsion polymerization, using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as surfactant. Polystyrene with amino groups on the surface will be fine to use as organic filler to modify rubber. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the morphology of silicon dioxide and functionalized polystyrene nano-particles. The nature of bonding between the polymer and the reactive groups on the filler surfaces was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the filler surface. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20filler" title="reactive filler">reactive filler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emulsion%20polymerization" title=" emulsion polymerization"> emulsion polymerization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20size" title=" particle size"> particle size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polystyrene%20nanoparticles" title=" polystyrene nanoparticles"> polystyrene nanoparticles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9665/synthesis-and-characterization-of-amino-functionalized-polystyrene-nanoparticles-as-reactive-filler" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> A Survey on Countermeasures of Cache-Timing Attack on AES Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Settana%20M.%20Abdulh">Settana M. Abdulh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naila%20A.%20Sadalla"> Naila A. Sadalla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaseen%20H.%20Taha"> Yaseen H. Taha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Howaida%20Elshoush"> Howaida Elshoush</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Side channel attacks are based on side channel information, which is information that is leaked from encryption systems. This includes timing information, power consumption as well as electromagnetic or even sound leaking which can exploited by an attacker. Implementing side channel attacks are possible if and only if an attacker has access to a cryptosystem. In this case, the attacker can exploit bad implementation in software or hardware which is not controlled by encryption implementer. Thus, he/she will represent a real threat to the security system. Several countermeasures have been proposed to eliminate side channel information vulnerability.Cache timing attack is a special type of side channel attack. Here, timing information is collected and analyzed by an attacker to guess sensitive information such as encryption key or plaintext. This paper reviews the technique applied in this attack and surveys the countermeasures against it, evaluating the feasibility and usability of each. Based on this evaluation, finally we pose several recommendations about using these countermeasures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AES%20algorithm" title="AES algorithm">AES algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=side%20channel%20attack" title=" side channel attack"> side channel attack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cache%20timing%20attack" title=" cache timing attack"> cache timing attack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cache%20timing%20countermeasure" title=" cache timing countermeasure"> cache timing countermeasure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17652/a-survey-on-countermeasures-of-cache-timing-attack-on-aes-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17652.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> The Ever-Changing Connection Among Banks and Insurers: An Examination of the Financial Standing of the Financial System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Ali">Iqra Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study uses panel Vector Auto Regression (VAR) to analyses the dynamic link between banking and insurance activities based on the asset size of the insurance industry for 73 countries between 1980 and 2014. Assets in the insurance industry and banking activities usually have a Granger causal link, according to panel Granger-causality tests. Impulse response analyses for the entire sample show that the size of insurance assets responds favorably to a shock to the liquid liabilities and deposits of the financial system but negatively to a shock to deposit money bank assets and private credit offered by commercial banks, other financial institutions, and deposit banks. While the findings for middle- and low-income nations varied significantly, the observations for high-income countries are essentially the same. Furthermore, we find that there is a substantial interplay between banking and insurance activity in civil law nations as opposed to common law ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vector%20autoregression" title="vector autoregression">vector autoregression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=banking" title=" banking"> banking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insurance" title=" insurance"> insurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Granger-causality" title=" Granger-causality"> Granger-causality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194797/the-ever-changing-connection-among-banks-and-insurers-an-examination-of-the-financial-standing-of-the-financial-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">7</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Emotional Stroop Task, Parental Acceptance-Rejection and Personality Assessment in Sexually Abused Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Iftikhar">Rabia Iftikhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Tariq"> Iqra Tariq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current study examined the parental acceptance-rejection and personality assessment of sexually abused children. A sample of 50 control (25 girls and 25 boys) and 50 abused (25 girls and 25 boys) were drawn through the process of purposive sampling (N = 100). The sample consisted of school going children between the ages of 8-16. The sample was taken from non-governmental schools and NGO. Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire, Personality Assessment Questionnaire and Emotional STROOP task, were used to explore the relationship between the variables. The results showed that girls showed greater parental rejection than boys, were less psychologically and emotionally adjusted than boys. The results also showed that boys were high on psychological abuse while girls were high on physical and sexual abuse. The results of STROOP showed that sexually abused children showed more reaction time than non-abused children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abused" title="abused">abused</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adjustment" title=" adjustment"> adjustment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistani" title=" Pakistani"> Pakistani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroop" title=" stroop"> stroop</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52169/emotional-stroop-task-parental-acceptance-rejection-and-personality-assessment-in-sexually-abused-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Simulation of Internal Flow Field of Pitot-Tube Jet Pump</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Noor">Iqra Noor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihtzaz%20Qamar"> Ihtzaz Qamar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pitot-tube Jet pump, single-stage pump with low flow rate and high head, consists of a radial impeller that feeds water to rotating cavity. Water then enters stationary pitot-tube collector (diffuser), which discharges to the outside. By means of ANSYS Fluent 15.0, the internal flow characteristics for Pitot-tube Jet pump with standard pitot and curved pitot are studied. Under design condition, realizable k-e turbulence model and SIMPLEC algorithm are used to calculate 3D flow field inside both pumps. The simulation results reveal that energy is imparted to the flow by impeller and inside the rotor, forced vortex type flow is observed. Total pressure decreases inside pitot-tube whereas static pressure increases. Changing pitot-tube from standard to curved shape results in minimum flow circulation inside pitot-tube and leads to a higher pump performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20circulation" title=" flow circulation"> flow circulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20pressure%20pump" title=" high pressure pump"> high pressure pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impeller" title=" impeller"> impeller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20flow" title=" internal flow"> internal flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pickup%20tube%20pump" title=" pickup tube pump"> pickup tube pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rectangle%20channels" title=" rectangle channels"> rectangle channels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotating%20casing" title=" rotating casing"> rotating casing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence" title=" turbulence"> turbulence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132118/simulation-of-internal-flow-field-of-pitot-tube-jet-pump" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> The Penetration of Urban Mobility Multi-Modality Enablers in a Vehicle-Dependent City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lama%20Yaseen">Lama Yaseen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nourah%20Al-Hosain"> Nourah Al-Hosain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A Multi-modal system in urban mobility is an essential framework for an optimized urban transport network. Many cities are still heavily dependent on vehicle transportation, dominantly using conventional fuel-based cars for daily travel. With the reliance on motorized vehicles in large cities such as Riyadh, the capital city of Saudi Arabia, traffic congestion is eminent, which ultimately results in an increase in road emissions and loss of time. Saudi Arabia plans to undergo a massive transformation in mobility infrastructure and urban greening projects, including introducing public transport and other massive urban greening infrastructures that enable alternative mobility options. This paper uses a Geographic Information System (GIS) approach that analyzes the accessibility of current and planned public transport stations and how they intertwine with massive urban greening projects that may play a role as an enabler of micro-mobility and walk-ability options in the city. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20development" title="urban development">urban development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20mobility" title=" urban mobility"> urban mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20mobility" title=" sustainable mobility"> sustainable mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Middle%20East" title=" Middle East"> Middle East</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162430/the-penetration-of-urban-mobility-multi-modality-enablers-in-a-vehicle-dependent-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162430.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> The Fashion Fiesta: An Approach for Creating an Environment of Celebration by Uniting Two Art Forms; Fashion and Dance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Khan">Iqra Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghousia%20Saeed"> Ghousia Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salman%20Jamil"> Salman Jamil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fashion is the soul of styles. People of all times want to look trendy, eye catching and unique among all. For this reason, people always adopt different flairs in their outfits including their clothes, shoes, bags and other accessories. However, unfortunately, there is lack of opportunity for accommodating the fashion exposure activities expressed with the folk dances of different regions so as to exhibit the fashion of Pakistan to the world. The paper focuses on the vibrant setting of the whole building according to the social patterns, folk and local trends and existing environment of Lahore. This is done by studying each of the aspect obtained from objectives through research questions evolved from the objectives. The answers to these questions are found through case studies and the existing theories in the world in relevance to the topic. The paper finds out how the geometry of dance works with design principles to create transparent geometry of fashion building. This all creates the fiesta environment taken from the locality of the region from the local and cultural lifestyles of the locals and then assembling it together to create a full festivity experience throughout the building. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fashion" title="fashion">fashion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=folk%20dance" title=" folk dance"> folk dance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometry" title=" geometry"> geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20trends" title=" local trends"> local trends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20patterns" title=" social patterns"> social patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transparent" title=" transparent"> transparent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54108/the-fashion-fiesta-an-approach-for-creating-an-environment-of-celebration-by-uniting-two-art-forms-fashion-and-dance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Numerical Investigation of Cavitation on Different Venturi Shapes by Computational Fluid Dynamics </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sedat%20Yayla">Sedat Yayla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Oruc"> Mehmet Oruc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shakhwan%20Yaseen"> Shakhwan Yaseen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cavitation phenomena might rigorously impair machine parts such as pumps, propellers and impellers or devices as the pressure in the fluid declines under the liquid's saturation pressure. To evaluate the influence of cavitation, in this research two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) venturi models with variety of inlet pressure values, throat lengths and vapor fluid contents were applied. In this research three different vapor contents (0%, 5% 10%), four inlet pressures (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 atm) and two venturi models were employed at different throat lengths ( 5, 10, 15 and 20 mm) for discovering the impact of each parameter on the cavitation number. It is uncovered that there is a positive correlation between pressure inlet and vapor fluid content and cavitation number. Furthermore, it is unveiled that velocity remains almost constant at the inlet pressures of 6, 8,10atm, nevertheless increasing the length of throat results in the substantial escalation in the velocity of the throat at inlet pressures of 2 and 4 atm. Furthermore, velocity and cavitation number were negatively correlated. The results of the cavitation number varied between 0.092 and 0.495 depending upon the velocity values of the throat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cavitation%20number" title="cavitation number">cavitation number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title=" computational fluid dynamics"> computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixture%20of%20fluid" title=" mixture of fluid"> mixture of fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-phase%20flow" title=" two-phase flow"> two-phase flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20of%20throat" title=" velocity of throat"> velocity of throat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74888/numerical-investigation-of-cavitation-on-different-venturi-shapes-by-computational-fluid-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74888.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Analysis on Heat Transfer in Solar Parabolic Trough Collectors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaid%20H.%20Yaseen">Zaid H. Yaseen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamel%20A.%20Orfi"> Jamel A. Orfi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeyad%20A.%20Alsuhaibani"> Zeyad A. Alsuhaibani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solar power has a huge potential to be employed in the fields of electricity production, water desalination, and multi-generation. There are various types of solar collectors, and parabolic trough collectors (PTCs) are common among these types. In PTCs, a mirror is used to direct the incident radiation on an absorber tube to utilize the heat in power generation. In this work, a PTC covered with a glass tube is presented and analyzed. Results showed that temperatures of 510℃ for steam can be reached for certain parameters. The work also showed the viability of using Benzene as the working fluid in the absorber tube. Also, some analysis regarding changing the absorber’s tube diameter and the efficiency of the solar collector was demonstrated in this work. The effect of changing the heat transfer correlations for the convection phenomena of the working fluid was illustrated. In fact, two heat transfer correlations, the Dittus-Boelter and Gnielinski correlations, were used, and the outcomes showed a resemblance in the results for the maximum attainable temperature in the working fluid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absorber%20tube" title="absorber tube">absorber tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass%20tube" title=" glass tube"> glass tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incident%20radiation" title=" incident radiation"> incident radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parabolic%20trough%20collector" title=" parabolic trough collector"> parabolic trough collector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194511/analysis-on-heat-transfer-in-solar-parabolic-trough-collectors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194511.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">10</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Predictive Value of Coagulopathy in Patients with Isolated Blunt Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cohort of Pakistani Population</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Waqas">Muhammad Waqas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahan%20Waheed"> Shahan Waheed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsin%20Qadeer"> Mohsin Qadeer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Bari"> Ehsan Bari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salman%20Ahmed"> Salman Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Patoli"> Iqra Patoli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To determine the value of aPTT, platelets and INR as the predictor of unfavorable outcomes in patients with blunt isolated traumatic brain injury. Methods: This was an observational cohort study conducted in a tertiary care facility from 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2012. All the patients with isolated traumatic brain injury presenting within 24 hours of injury were included in the study. Coagulation parameters at presentation were recorded and Glasgow Outcome Scale calculated on last follow up. Outcomes were dichotomized into favorable and unfavorable outcomes. Relationship of coagulopathy with GOS and unfavorable outcomes was calculated using Spearman`s correlation and area under curve ROC analysis. Results: 121 patients were included in the study. The incidence of coagulopathy was found to be 6 %. aPTT was found to a significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes with an AUC = 0.702 (95%CI = 0.602-0.802). Predictive value of platelets and INR was not found to be significant. Conclusion: Incidence of coagulopathy was found to be low in current population compared to data from the West. aPTT was found to be a good predictor of unfavorable outcomes compared with other parameters of coagulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aPTT" title="aPTT">aPTT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulopathy" title=" coagulopathy"> coagulopathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unfavorable%20outcomes" title=" unfavorable outcomes"> unfavorable outcomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parameters" title=" parameters"> parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3076/predictive-value-of-coagulopathy-in-patients-with-isolated-blunt-traumatic-brain-injury-a-cohort-of-pakistani-population" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3076.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">480</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Varietal Screening of Watermelon against Powdery Mildew Disease and Its Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asim%20Abbasi">Asim Abbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amer%20Habib"> Amer Habib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajid%20Hussain"> Sajid Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Sufyan"> Muhammad Sufyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra"> Iqra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasnain%20Sajjad"> Hasnain Sajjad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Except for few scattered cases, powdery mildew disease was not a big problem for watermelon in the past but with the outbreaks of its pathotypes, races 1W and 2W, this disease becomes a serious issue all around the globe. The severe outbreak of this disease also increased the rate of fungicide application for its proper management. Twelve varieties of watermelon were screened in Research Area of Department of Plant pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad to check the incidence of powdery mildew disease. Disease inoculum was prepared and applied with the help of foliar spray method. Fungicides and plants extracts were also applied after the disease incidence. Percentage leaf surface area diseased was assessed visually with a modified Horsfall-Barratt scale. The results of the experiment revealed that among all varieties, WT2257 and Zcugma F1 were highly resistant showing less than 5% disease incidence while Anar Kali and Sugar baby were highly susceptible with disease incidence of more than 65%. Among botanicals neem extract gave best results with disease incidence of less than 20%. Besides neem, all other botanicals also gave significant control of powdery mildew disease than the untreated check. In case of fungicides, Gemstar showed least disease incidence i.e. < 10%, however besides control maximum disease incidence was observed in Curzate (> 30%). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=botanicals" title="botanicals">botanicals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fungicides" title=" fungicides"> fungicides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathotypes" title=" pathotypes"> pathotypes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=powdery%20mildew" title=" powdery mildew"> powdery mildew</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79893/varietal-screening-of-watermelon-against-powdery-mildew-disease-and-its-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79893.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Attitudes of University Students toward English Language Education Policy in Iraqi Kurdistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Momen%20Yaseen%20M.%20Amin">Momen Yaseen M. Amin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite widespread coverage of language policy in the literature, there has been scant research probing into English language education policy at tertiary levels in general and in the case of higher education context of Iraqi Kurdistan in particular. The present qualitative study investigated the results of a questionnaire on attitudes toward English language education policy in terms of attitudes toward the English language in general, the current English education policy, and the purposes for learning English among Kurdish EFL university students. Moreover, this study aimed to investigate this topic in light of the participants’ gender and major. To this end, an adapted version of Yang’s (2012) questionnaire was administered to university EFL students majoring in soft and hard sciences (N=300, male 34%, female 67%, four and two disciplines, respectively) at two-state and private universities in Iraqi Kurdistan. The findings revealed positive attitudes toward English as an international language in both soft and hard sciences. While strongly subscribing to the idea that all Iraqi Kurdish students should learn the English language and the courses to be offered in English as well as Kurdish, the majority of the participants expressed their readiness and enthusiasm to excel in English and considered such competency a significant academic accomplishment. However, a good number felt dissatisfied with the status quo of English education at their institutions. This paper provides some implications and recommendations for English education policies makers, administrators, and English language instructors at tertiary levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitudes" title="attitudes">attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20policy" title=" language policy"> language policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20language%20education" title=" English language education"> English language education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iraqi%20Kurdistan" title=" Iraqi Kurdistan"> Iraqi Kurdistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143751/attitudes-of-university-students-toward-english-language-education-policy-in-iraqi-kurdistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143751.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Avidity and IgE versus IgG and IgM in Diagnosis of Maternal Toxoplasmosis </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20A.%20Gamea">Ghada A. Gamea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabila%20A.%20Yaseen"> Nabila A. Yaseen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20A.%20Othman"> Ahmed A. Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20S.%20Tawfik"> Ahmed S. Tawfik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Infection with Toxoplasma gondii can cause serious complications in pregnant women, leading to abortion, stillbirth, and congenital anomalies in the fetus. Definitive diagnosis of T. gondii acute infection is therefore critical for the clinical management of a mother and her fetus. This study was conducted on 250 pregnant females in the first trimester who were inpatients or outpatients at Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department at Tanta University Hospital. Screening of the selected females was done for the detection of immunoglobulin (IgG and IgM), and all subjects were submitted to history taking through a questionnaire including personal data, risk factors for Toxoplasma, complaint and history of the present illness. Thirty-eight samples, including 18 IgM +ve and 20 IgM-ve cases were further investigated by the avidity and IgE ELISA tests. The seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women was (42.8%) based on the presence of IgG antibodies in their sera. Contact with cats and consumption of raw or undercooked meat are important risk factors that were associated with toxoplasmosis in pregnant women. By serology, it could be observed that in the IgM +ve group, only one case (5.6%) showed an acute pattern by using the avidity test, though 10 (55.6%) cases were found to be acute by the IgE assay. On the other hand, in the IgM –ve group, 3 (15%) showed low avidity, but none of them was positive by using the IgE assay. In conclusion, there is no single serological test that can be used to confirm whether T. gondii infection is recent or was acquired in the distant past. A panel of tests for detection of toxoplasmosis will certainly have higher discriminatory power than any test alone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnosis" title="diagnosis">diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serology" title=" serology"> serology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seroprevalence" title=" seroprevalence"> seroprevalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxoplasmosis" title=" toxoplasmosis"> toxoplasmosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112477/avidity-and-ige-versus-igg-and-igm-in-diagnosis-of-maternal-toxoplasmosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112477.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Two-Stage Anaerobic Digester for Biogas Production from Sewage Sludge: A Case Study in One of Kuwait’s Wastewater Treatment Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Almatouq">Abdullah Almatouq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulla%20Abusam"> Abdulla Abusam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussain%20Hussain"> Hussain Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mishari%20Khajah"> Mishari Khajah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussain%20Abdullah"> Hussain Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rashed%20Al-Yaseen"> Rashed Al-Yaseen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Al-Jumaa"> Mariam Al-Jumaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farah%20Al-Ajeel"> Farah Al-Ajeel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Aljassam"> Mohammad Aljassam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the high demand for energy from unsustainable resources in Kuwait, the Kuwaiti government has focused recently on using sustainable resources for energy, such as solar and wind energy. In addition, sludge which is generated as a by-product of physical, chemical, and biological processes during wastewater treatment, can be used as a substrate to generate energy through anaerobic digestion. Kuwait’s wastewater treatment plants produce more than 1.7 million m3 of sludge per year, and this volume is accumulated in the treatment plants without any treatment. Therefore, a pilot-scale (3 m3) two-stage anaerobic digester was constructed in one of the largest treatment plants in Kuwait. The reactor was operated in batch mode, and the hydraulic retention time varied between 14 – 27 days. The main of this study is to evaluate the technical feasibility of a two-stage anaerobic digester for sludge treatability and energy generation in Kuwait. The anaerobic digester achieved a total biogas production of 37 m3, and the highest value of daily biogas production was 0.4 m3/day. The methane content ranged between 50 % and 66 %, and the other gases were as follows: CO2 20 %, H2S 13 %, and 1 % O2. The generated biogas was used on-site for cooking and lighting. In some batches, low C/N was noticed, and that lead to maintaining the concentration of CH4 between 50%-55%. In conclusion, an anaerobic digester is an environmentally friendly technology that can be applied in Kuwait, and the obtained results support the scale-up of the process in all the treatment plants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title="wastewater">wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metahne" title=" metahne"> metahne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biogas%20production%20potential" title=" biogas production potential"> biogas production potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20digestion" title=" anaerobic digestion"> anaerobic digestion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162875/two-stage-anaerobic-digester-for-biogas-production-from-sewage-sludge-a-case-study-in-one-of-kuwaits-wastewater-treatment-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Catalytic Hydrodesulfurization of Dibenzothiophene Coupled with Ionic Liquids over Low Pd Incorporated Co-Mo@Al₂O₃ and Ni-Mo@Al₂O₃ Catalysts at Mild Operating Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaseen%20Muhammad">Yaseen Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhenxia%20Zhao"> Zhenxia Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhangfa%20Tong"> Zhangfa Tong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A key problem with hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process of fuel oils is the application of severe operating conditions. In this study, we proposed the catalytic HDS of dibenzothiophene (DBT) integrated with ionic liquids (ILs) application at mild temperature and pressure over low loaded (0.5 wt.%) Pd promoted Co-Mo@Al₂O₃ and Ni-Mo@Al₂O₃ catalysts. Among the thirteen ILs tested, [BMIM]BF₄, [(CH₃)₄N]Cl, [EMIM]AlCl₄, and [(C₈H₁₇)(C₃H₇)₃P]Br enhanced the catalytic HDS efficiency while the latest ranked the top of activity list as confirmed by DFT studies as well. Experimental results revealed that Pd incorporation greatly enhanced the HDS activity of classical Co or Ni based catalysts. At mild optimized experimental conditions of 1 MPa H₂ pressure, 120 oC, IL:oil ratio of 1:3 and 4 h reaction time, the % DBT conversion (21 %) by Ni-Mo@Al₂O₃ was enhanced to 69 % (over Pd-Ni-Mo@ Al₂O₃) using [(C₈H₁₇) (C₃H₇)₃P]Br. The fresh and spent catalysts were characterized for textural properties using XPS, SEM, EDX, XRD and BET surface area techniques. An overall catalytic HDS activity followed the order of: Pd-Ni-Mo@Al₂O₃ > Pd-Co-Mo@Al₂O₃ > Ni-Mo@Al₂O₃ > Co-Mo@Al₂O₃. [(C₈H₁₇) (C₃H₇)₃P]Br.could be recycled four times with minimal decrease in HDS activity. Reaction products were analyzed by GC-MS which helped in proposing reaction mechanism for the IL coupled HDS process. The present approach attributed to its cost-effective nature, ease of operation with less mechanical requirements in terms of mild operating conditions, and high efficiency could be deemed as an alternative approach for the HDS of DBT on industrial level applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT%20simulation" title="DFT simulation">DFT simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GC-MS%20and%20reaction%20mechanism" title=" GC-MS and reaction mechanism"> GC-MS and reaction mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ionic%20liquid%20coupled%20HDS%20of%20DBT" title=" Ionic liquid coupled HDS of DBT"> Ionic liquid coupled HDS of DBT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20Pd%20loaded%20catalyst" title=" low Pd loaded catalyst"> low Pd loaded catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mild%20operating%20condition" title=" mild operating condition "> mild operating condition </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90224/catalytic-hydrodesulfurization-of-dibenzothiophene-coupled-with-ionic-liquids-over-low-pd-incorporated-co-mo-at-al2o3-and-ni-mo-at-al2o3-catalysts-at-mild-operating-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90224.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Analyzing the Impact of Spatio-Temporal Climate Variations on the Rice Crop Calendar in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Imran">Muhammad Imran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Basit"> Iqra Basit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mobushir%20Riaz%20Khan"> Mobushir Riaz Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajid%20Rasheed%20Ahmad"> Sajid Rasheed Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study investigates the space-time impact of climate change on the rice crop calendar in tropical Gujranwala, Pakistan. The climate change impact was quantified through the climatic variables, whereas the existing calendar of the rice crop was compared with the phonological stages of the crop, depicted through the time series of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from Landsat data for the decade 2005-2015. Local maxima were applied on the time series of NDVI to compute the rice phonological stages. Panel models with fixed and cross-section fixed effects were used to establish the relation between the climatic parameters and the time-series of NDVI across villages and across rice growing periods. Results show that the climatic parameters have significant impact on the rice crop calendar. Moreover, the fixed effect model is a significant improvement over cross-sectional fixed effect models (R-squared equal to 0.673 vs. 0.0338). We conclude that high inter-annual variability of climatic variables cause high variability of NDVI, and thus, a shift in the rice crop calendar. Moreover, inter-annual (temporal) variability of the rice crop calendar is high compared to the inter-village (spatial) variability. We suggest the local rice farmers to adapt this change in the rice crop calendar. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Landsat%20NDVI" title="Landsat NDVI">Landsat NDVI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panel%20models" title=" panel models"> panel models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainfall" title=" rainfall"> rainfall</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83022/analyzing-the-impact-of-spatio-temporal-climate-variations-on-the-rice-crop-calendar-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83022.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> The Influence of Islamic Epistemology on Mosque Architecture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheba%20Akhtar">Sheba Akhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The profound importance that Islam places on knowledge has directly influenced the architectural development of the mosque throughout the Muslim world. The masjid is the most important religious building type in Islamic society because, as a place of worship and social interaction, it is the center of both spiritual knowledge and secular guidance. The Quran begins with the emphatic injunction, “Iqra”, establishing the central importance of the pursuit of the sacred ilm that is offered to man by Allah. Similarly, numerous hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad emphasize the profound importance of the acquisition and dissemination of knowledge, both spiritual and temporal. The Muslim worshipper must enter the sacred space of the masjid to receive spiritual knowledge, but the transition from the profane realm outside the mosque to that of spirituality within is not merely physical; it is also deeply psychological and emotional. To this end, the architecture of the masjid, from the plan and geometry to the design elements and intricate ornamental details, plays a vital role in creating the environment within which the ritual acts of wudu and salat are enacted to foster the transformative journey, from the mundane reality of this world to the realm of spirituality beyond, in the heart, mind, and soul of the worshipper. It is expected that the paper will provide a better understanding of the ways in which sacred Islamic knowledge has influenced the architectural design of the mosque. The research will draw upon Islamic epistemology, Islamic architecture history, and compositional analysis to demonstrate this philosophical, historical, and formal relationship. In this way, the paper will provide a meaningful bridge between the existing knowledge related to mosque design and the expanding academic discourse about the religious architecture of Islam. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20architecture" title="Islamic architecture">Islamic architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mosque%20architecture" title=" mosque architecture"> mosque architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20architecture" title=" religious architecture"> religious architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sacred%20architecture" title=" sacred architecture"> sacred architecture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168926/the-influence-of-islamic-epistemology-on-mosque-architecture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168926.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> The Value of Serum Procalcitonin in Patients with Acute Musculoskeletal Infections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Al-Yaseen">Mustafa Al-Yaseen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haider%20Mohammed%20Mahdi"> Haider Mohammed Mahdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haider%20Ali%20Al%E2%80%93Zahid"> Haider Ali Al–Zahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazar%20S.%20Haddad"> Nazar S. Haddad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Early diagnosis of musculoskeletal infections is of vital importance to avoid devastating complications. There is no single laboratory marker which is sensitive and specific in diagnosing these infections accurately. White blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein are not specific as they can also be elevated in conditions other than bacterial infections. Materials Culture and sensitivity is not a true gold standard due to its varied positivity rates. Serum Procalcitonin is one of the new laboratory markers for pyogenic infections. The objective of this study is to assess the value of PCT in the diagnosis of soft tissue, bone, and joint infections. Patients and Methods: Patients of all age groups (seventy-four patients) with a diagnosis of musculoskeletal infection are prospectively included in this study. All patients were subjected to White blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and serum Procalcitonin measurements. A healthy non infected outpatient group (twenty-two patients) taken as a control group and underwent the same evaluation steps as the study group. Results: The study group showed mean Procalcitonin levels of 1.3 ng/ml. Procalcitonin, at 0.5 ng/ml, was (42.6%) sensitive and (95.5%) specific in diagnosing of musculoskeletal infections with (positive predictive value of 87.5% and negative predictive value of 48.3%) and (positive likelihood ratio of 9.3 and negative likelihood ratio of 0.6). Conclusion: Serum Procalcitonin, at a cut – off of 0.5 ng/ml, is a specific but not sensitive marker in the diagnosis of musculoskeletal infections, and it can be used effectively to rule in the diagnosis of infection but not to rule out it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=procalcitonin" title="procalcitonin">procalcitonin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infection" title=" infection"> infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labratory%20markers" title=" labratory markers"> labratory markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=musculoskeletal" title=" musculoskeletal"> musculoskeletal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144257/the-value-of-serum-procalcitonin-in-patients-with-acute-musculoskeletal-infections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144257.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> The Structure and Composition of Plant Communities in Ajluon Forest Reserve in Jordan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maher%20J.%20Tadros">Maher J. Tadros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaseen%20Ananbeh"> Yaseen Ananbeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study area is located in Ajluon Forest Reserve northern part of Jordan. It consists of Mediterranean hills dominated by open woodlands of oak and pistachio. The aims of the study were to investigate the positive and negative relationships between the locals and the protected area and how it can affect the long-term forest conservation. The main research objectives are to review the impact of establishing Ajloun Forest Reserve on nature conservation and on the livelihood level of local communities around the reserve. The Ajloun forest reserve plays a fundamental role in Ajloun area development. The existence of initiatives of nature conservation in the area supports various socio-economic activities around the reserve that contribute towards the development of local communities in Ajloun area. A part of this research was to conduct a survey to study the impact of Ajloun forest reserve on biodiversity composition. Also, studying the biodiversity content especially for vegetation to determine the economic impacts of Ajloun forest reserve on its surroundings was studied. In this study, several methods were used to fill the objectives including point-centered quarter method which involves selecting randomly 50 plots at the study site. The collected data from the field showed that the absolute density was (1031.24 plant per hectare). Density was recorded and found to be the highest for Quecus coccifera, and relative density of (73.7%), this was followed by Arbutus andrachne and relative density (7.1%), Pistacia palaestina and relative density (10.5%) and Crataegus azarulus (82.5 p/ha) and relative density (5.1%), <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composition" title="composition">composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density" title=" density"> density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency" title=" frequency"> frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=importance%20value" title=" importance value"> importance value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point-centered%20quarter" title=" point-centered quarter"> point-centered quarter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structure" title=" structure"> structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tree%20cover" title=" tree cover"> tree cover</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76363/the-structure-and-composition-of-plant-communities-in-ajluon-forest-reserve-in-jordan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76363.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> (Re)Framing the Muslim Subject: Studying the Artistic Representation of Guantanamo and Abu Ghraib Detainees</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Raza">Iqra Raza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper attempts to conceptualize the (de)humanization of the Muslim subject in Karen J. Greenberg and Janet Hamlin’s transmedia Sketching Guantanamo through a close study of the aesthetics and semiotics of the text. The Muslim experience, the paper shall argue, is mediated through a (de)humanization confined and incarcerated within the chains of artistic representation. Hamlin’s reliance on the distortions offered by stereotypes is reminiscent of the late Victorian epistemology on criminality, as evidenced most starkly in the sketch of Khalid Sheikh Mohammad. The position of the white artist thus becomes suspect in the enterprise of neo-Victorian ethnography. The visual stories of movement from within Guantanamo become potent; the paper shall argue, especially in juxtaposition with the images of stillness that came out from the detention centers, which portrayed the enactment of violence on individual bodies with a deliberate erasure of faces. So, while art becomes a way for reclaiming subjectivity or humanizing these identifiable bodies, the medium predicates itself on their objectification. The paper shall explore various questions about what it means for the (criminal?) subjects to be rendered into art rather than being photographed. Does art entail a necessary departure from the assumed objectivity of the photographic images? What makes art the preferred medium for (de)humanization of the violated Muslim bodies? What happens when art is produced without a recognition of the ‘precariousness’ of the life being portrayed? Rendering the detainees into art becomes a slippery task complicated by Hamlin’s privileged position outside the glass walls of the court. The paper shall adjourn analysis at the many dichotomies that exist in the text viz. between the White men and the brown, the Muslims and the Christians, Occident and the Orient problematized by Hamlin’s politics, that of a ‘neutral outsider’ which quickly turns on its head and becomes complicity in her deliberate erasure of the violence that shaped and still shapes Guantanamo. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abu%20Ghraib" title="Abu Ghraib">Abu Ghraib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Derrida" title=" Derrida"> Derrida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guantanamo" title=" Guantanamo"> Guantanamo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphic%20journalism" title=" graphic journalism"> graphic journalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muslimness" title=" Muslimness"> Muslimness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orient" title=" orient"> orient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectrality" title=" spectrality"> spectrality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135342/reframing-the-muslim-subject-studying-the-artistic-representation-of-guantanamo-and-abu-ghraib-detainees" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135342.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Assessment of Nurses’ Knowledge of the Glasgow Coma Scale in a Saudi Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roaa%20Al%20Sharif">Roaa Al Sharif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salsabil%20Abo%20Al-Azayem"> Salsabil Abo Al-Azayem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nimah%20Alsomali"> Nimah Alsomali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wjoud%20Alsaeed"> Wjoud Alsaeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nawal%20Alshammari"> Nawal Alshammari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulaziz%20Alwatban"> Abdulaziz Alwatban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaseen%20Alrabae"> Yaseen Alrabae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Razan%20Orfali"> Razan Orfali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faisal%20Alqarni"> Faisal Alqarni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Alrasheedi"> Ahmad Alrasheedi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> from various countries have revealed that nurses possess only a basic understanding of the GCS. Regarding this matter, limited knowledge is available about the situation in Saudi Arabia. Overall, the available research suggests that there is room for improvement in the knowledge of the GCS among nurses in Saudi Arabia. Further training and education programs may be beneficial in enhancing nurses' understanding and application of the GCS in clinical practice. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge and competence in assessing the GCS among staff nurses and to identify factors that might influence their knowledge at King Fahd Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional survey involving 199 KFMC staff nurses was conducted. Nurses were provided with a structured questionnaire, and data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 16, employing descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests. Results: The majority, 81.4% of nurses, had an average level of knowledge in assessing the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). The mean score for measuring the level of knowledge among staff nurses in GCS assessment was 8.8 ± 1.826. Overall, 13.6% of respondents demonstrated good knowledge of the GCS, scoring between 11 and 15 points, while only 5% of nurses exhibited poor knowledge of the GCS assessment. There was a significant correlation between knowledge and nurses' departments (χ2(2) = 19.184, p < 0.001). χ2(2) = 19.184," representing a Chi-square statistic with 2 degrees of freedom used to test the association between categorical variables in the data analysis. Conclusion: The findings indicate that knowledge of GCS assessment among staff nurses in a single center in Saudi Arabia is moderate. Therefore, there is a need for continuous education programs to enhance their competence in using this assessment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glasgow%20Coma%20Scale" title="Glasgow Coma Scale">Glasgow Coma Scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20injury" title=" brain injury"> brain injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nurses%E2%80%99%20knowledge%20assessment" title=" nurses’ knowledge assessment"> nurses’ knowledge assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20education%20programs" title=" continuous education programs"> continuous education programs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191899/assessment-of-nurses-knowledge-of-the-glasgow-coma-scale-in-a-saudi-tertiary-care-hospital-a-cross-sectional-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">22</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Utility of CK7, CK20 and CDX-2 as a Potential Panel in Differentiating Primary Ovarian Surface Epithelial Tumors from Metastatic Adenocarcinoma to the Ovary</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20Esheba">Ghada Esheba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghadeer%20Aldoobi"> Ghadeer Aldoobi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salwa%20Almalk"> Salwa Almalk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abrar%20Alshareef"> Abrar Alshareef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eman%20Al-khairi"> Eman Al-khairi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eman%20Yaseen"> Eman Yaseen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: In Saudi Arabia, ovarian cancer ranked seventh among female population and is the most common female genital tract malignancy after endometrial cancer. A slight increase in the incidence of ovarian cancer was observed from 2001–2008. Makkah, Riyadh, and the eastern region of Saudi Arabia had the highest incidence rate ratio for the number of ovarian cancer cases (1). Differentiating metastatic adenocarcinomas from primary ovarian carcinomas, especially those of endometrioid and mucinous type is clinically signiﬁcant and a challenge for clinicians and pathologists, yet the distinction has important therapeutic and prognostic implications. Aim: To clarify the most important histopathological criteria to differentiate between primary ovarian surface epithelial tumors especially mucinous and endometrioid subtypes, and metastatic adenocarcinoma and to evaluate the value of a panel of antibodies consisting of CK7, CK20, and CDX-2 in the distinction between primary ovarian surface epithelial tumors and metastatic adenocarcinoma. Material and methods: This study was carried out on 26 cases of primary ovarian surface epithelial neoplasms and 14 cases of metastatic ovarian adenocarcinoma. All cases were studied immunohistochemically using CK7, CK20, and CDX-2. Results: All cases of primary ovarian adenocarcinoma were positive for CK7. 25% and 58% of mucinous borderline mucinous tumor and mucinous carcinoma respectively were positive for CK20. Only 42% of mucinous carcinoma were positive for CDX-2. All cases of endometrioid carcinomas were negative for both CK20 and CDX-2. All cases of metastatic adenocarcinoma from the colon were negative for CK7 and positive for CK20 and CDX-2. Conclusions: CK7 is an important positive marker for primary ovarian tumors, while CK20 and CDX-2 are useful markers for colorectal carcinoma metastatic to the ovary. Caution should be taken as primary ovarian mucinous tumors may stain positive for CK20, CDX-2, or both, however, they usually exhibit a focal pattern of reactivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adenoma" title="adenoma">adenoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endometrioid" title=" endometrioid"> endometrioid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malignancy" title=" malignancy"> malignancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian" title=" ovarian"> ovarian</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43930/utility-of-ck7-ck20-and-cdx-2-as-a-potential-panel-in-differentiating-primary-ovarian-surface-epithelial-tumors-from-metastatic-adenocarcinoma-to-the-ovary" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43930.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Nutritional Profile and Food Intake Trends amongst Hospital Dieted Diabetic Eye Disease Patients of India </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parmeet%20Kaur">Parmeet Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nighat%20Yaseen%20Sofi"> Nighat Yaseen Sofi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shakti%20Kumar%20Gupta"> Shakti Kumar Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veena%20Pandey"> Veena Pandey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajvaedhan%20Azad"> Rajvaedhan Azad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nutritional status and prevailing blood glucose level trends amongst hospitalized patients has been linked to clinical outcome. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assess hospitalized Diabetic Eye Disease (DED) patients' anthropometric and dietary intake trends. DED patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes > 20 years were enrolled. Actual food intake was determined by weighed food record method. Mifflin St Joer predictive equation multiplied by a combined stress and activity factor of 1.3 was applied to estimate caloric needs. A questionnaire was further administered to obtain reasons of inadequate dietary intake. Results indicated validity of joint analyses of body mass index in combination with waist circumference for clinical risk prediction. Dietary data showed a significant difference (p < 0.0005) between average daily caloric and carbohydrate intake and actual daily caloric and carbohydrate needs. Mean fasting and post-prandial plasma glucose levels were 150.71 ± 72.200 mg/dL and 219.76 ± 97.365 mg/dL, respectively. Improvement in food delivery systems and nutrition educations were indicated for reducing plate waste and to enable better understanding of dietary aspects of diabetes management. A team approach of nurses, physicians and other health care providers is required besides the expertise of dietetics professional. To conclude, findings of the present study will be useful in planning nutritional care process (NCP) for optimizing glucose control as a component of quality medical nutrition therapy (MNT) in hospitalized DED patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutritional%20status" title="nutritional status">nutritional status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetic%20eye%20disease" title=" diabetic eye disease"> diabetic eye disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition%20care%20process" title=" nutrition care process"> nutrition care process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20nutrition%20therapy" title=" medical nutrition therapy"> medical nutrition therapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7407/nutritional-profile-and-food-intake-trends-amongst-hospital-dieted-diabetic-eye-disease-patients-of-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Plant Extracts, and Characterized Microparticles to Modulate Antimicrobial Resistance of Epidemic Meca Positive S. Aureus of Dairy Origin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amjad%20I.%20Aqib">Amjad I. Aqib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanza%20R.%20Khan"> Shanza R. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanveer%20Ahmad"> Tanveer Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20A.%20R.%20Shah"> Syed A. R. Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20A.%20Naseer"> Muhammad A. Naseer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Shoaib"> Muhammad Shoaib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Sarwar"> Iqra Sarwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20F.%20A.%20Kulyar"> Muhammad F. A. Kulyar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeeshan%20A.%20Bhutta"> Zeeshan A. Bhutta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mumtaz%20A.%20Khan"> Mumtaz A. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahboob%20Ali"> Mahboob Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadija%20Yasmeen"> Khadija Yasmeen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current study focused on resistance modulation of dairy linked epidemic mec A positive S. aureus for resistance modulation by plant extract (Eucalyptus globolus, Calotropis procera), NSAIDs, and star like microparticles. Zinc oxide {ZnO}c and {Zn (OH)₂} microparticles were synthesized by solvothermal method and characterized by calcination, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Plant extracts were prepared by the Soxhlet extraction method. The study found 34% of subclinical samples (n=200) positive for S. aureus from dairy milk having significant (p < 0.05) association of assumed risk factors with pathogen. The antimicrobial assay showed 55, 42, 41, and 41% of S. aureus resistant to oxacillin, ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, and enoxacin. Amoxicillin showed the highest percentage of increase in zone of inhibitions (ZOI) at 100mg of Calotropis procera extract (31.29%) followed by 1mg/mL (28.91%) and 10mg/mL (21.68%) of Eucalyptus globolus. Amoxicillin increased ZOI by 42.85, 37.32, 29.05, and 22.78% in combination with 500 ug/ml with each of diclofenac, aspirin, ibuprofen, and meloxicam, respectively. Fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICIs) showed synergism of amoxicillin with diclofenac and aspirin and indifferent synergy with ibuprofen and meloxicam. The preliminary in vitro finding of combination of microparticles with amoxicillin proved to be synergistic, giving rise to 26.74% and 14.85% increase in ZOI of amoxicillin in combination with zinc oxide and zinc hydroxide, respectively. The modulated antimicrobial resistance incurred by NSAIDs, plant extracts, and microparticles against pathogenic S. aureus invite immediate attention to probe alternative antimicrobial sources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20resistance" title="antimicrobial resistance">antimicrobial resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dairy%20milk" title=" dairy milk"> dairy milk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NSIDs" title=" NSIDs"> NSIDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20extracts" title=" plant extracts"> plant extracts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance%20modulation" title=" resistance modulation"> resistance modulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20aureus" title=" S. aureus"> S. aureus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129936/non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs-plant-extracts-and-characterized-microparticles-to-modulate-antimicrobial-resistance-of-epidemic-meca-positive-s-aureus-of-dairy-origin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129936.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Assessing the Impact of Quinoa Cultivation Adopted to Produce a Secure Food Crop and Poverty Reduction by Farmers in Rural Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ejaz%20Ashraf">Ejaz Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raheel%20Babar"> Raheel Babar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Yaseen"> Muhammad Yaseen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafiz%20Khurram%20Shurjeel"> Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nosheen%20Fatima"> Nosheen Fatima</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Main purpose of this study was to assess adoption level of farmers for quinoa cultivation after they had been taught through training and visit extension approach. At this time of the 21<sup>st</sup> century, population structure, climate change, food requirements and eating habits of people are changing rapidly. In this scenario, farmers must play their key role in sustainable crop development and production through adoption of new crops that may also be helpful to overcome the issue of food insecurity as well as reducing poverty in rural areas. Its cultivation in Pakistan is at the early stages and there is a need to raise awareness among farmers to grow quinoa crops. In the middle of the 2015, a training and visit extension approach was used to raise awareness and convince farmers to grow quinoa in the area. During training and visit extension program, 80 farmers were randomly selected for the training of quinoa cultivation. Later on, these farmers trained 60 more farmers living into their neighborhood. After six months, a survey was conducted with all 140 farmers to assess the impact of the training and visit program on adoption level of respondents for the quinoa crop. The survey instrument was developed with the help of literature review and other experts of the crop. Validity and reliability of the instrument were checked before complete data collection. The data were analyzed by using SPSS. Multiple regression analysis was used for interpretation of the results from the survey, which indicated that factors like information/ training, change in agronomic and plant protection practices play a key role in the adoption of quinoa cultivation by respondents. In addition, the model explains more than 50% of variation in the adoption level of respondents. It is concluded that farmers need timely information for improved knowledge of agronomic and plant protection practices to adopt cultivation of the quinoa crop in the area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farmers" title="farmers">farmers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quinoa" title=" quinoa"> quinoa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adoption" title=" adoption"> adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact" title=" contact"> contact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training%20and%20visit" title=" training and visit"> training and visit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62435/assessing-the-impact-of-quinoa-cultivation-adopted-to-produce-a-secure-food-crop-and-poverty-reduction-by-farmers-in-rural-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62435.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Performance Evaluation of Routing Protocols in Vehicular Adhoc Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salman%20Naseer">Salman Naseer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usman%20Zafar"> Usman Zafar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqra%20Zafar"> Iqra Zafar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores the implication of Vehicular Adhoc Network (VANET) - in the rural and urban scenarios that is one domain of Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET). VANET provides wireless communication between vehicle to vehicle and also roadside units. The Federal Commission Committee of United States of American has been allocated 75 MHz of the spectrum band in the 5.9 GHz frequency range for dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) that are specifically designed to enhance any road safety applications and entertainment/information applications. There are several vehicular related projects viz; California path, car 2 car communication consortium, the ETSI, and IEEE 1609 working group that have already been conducted to improve the overall road safety or traffic management. After the critical literature review, the selection of routing protocols is determined, and its performance was well thought-out in the urban and rural scenarios. Numerous routing protocols for VANET are applied to carry out current research. Its evaluation was conceded with the help of selected protocols through simulation via performance metric i.e. throughput and packet drop. Excel and Google graph API tools are used for plotting the graphs after the simulation results in order to compare the selected routing protocols which result with each other. In addition, the sum of the output from each scenario was computed to undoubtedly present the divergence in results. The findings of the current study present that DSR gives enhanced performance for low packet drop and high throughput as compared to AODV and DSDV in an urban congested area and in rural environments. On the other hand, in low-density area, VANET AODV gives better results as compared to DSR. The worth of the current study may be judged as the information exchanged between vehicles is useful for comfort, safety, and entertainment. Furthermore, the communication system performance depends on the way routing is done in the network and moreover, the routing of the data based on protocols implement in the network. The above-presented results lead to policy implication and develop our understanding of the broader spectrum of VANET. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AODV" title="AODV">AODV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSDV" title=" DSDV"> DSDV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSR" title=" DSR"> DSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adhoc%20network" title=" Adhoc network"> Adhoc network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66557/performance-evaluation-of-routing-protocols-in-vehicular-adhoc-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul 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