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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nominal_source_and_hydrological_source" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nominal_source_and_hydrological_source"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Nominal source and hydrological source</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nominal_source_and_hydrological_source-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lake_Torne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lake_Torne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Lake Torne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lake_Torne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Upper_river" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Upper_river"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Upper river</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Upper_river-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-To_the_Bifurcation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#To_the_Bifurcation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>To the Bifurcation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-To_the_Bifurcation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Down_to_Pajala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Down_to_Pajala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Down to Pajala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Down_to_Pajala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lower_river" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lower_river"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Lower river</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lower_river-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natural_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Natural history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Torne (Finnish and Swedish river)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86_%DA%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="تورن چایی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تورن چایی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Турнеэльвен – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Турнеэльвен" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Торнеелвен – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Торнеелвен" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne_(rijeka)" title="Torne (rijeka) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Torne (rijeka)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne" title="Torne – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Torne" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornionjoki" title="Tornionjoki – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tornionjoki" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne" title="Torne – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Torne" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne_%C3%A4lv" title="Torne älv – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Torne älv" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne_%C3%A4lv" title="Torne älv – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Torne älv" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornio_j%C3%B5gi" title="Tornio jõgi – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tornio jõgi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Torne" title="Río Torne – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Río Torne" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne%C3%A4lven" title="Torneälven – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Torneälven" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne_ibaia" title="Torne ibaia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Torne ibaia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne" title="Torne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Torne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%A7%D5%AC%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Տուրնեէլվեն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տուրնեէլվեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne" title="Torne – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Torne" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%94_(%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%A8)" title="טורנה (נהר) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טורנה (נהר)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ტურნეელვენი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტურნეელვენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne_(ruf)" title="Torne (ruf) – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Torne (ruf)" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torna" title="Torna – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Torna" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornelvena" title="Tornelvena – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tornelvena" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torniojokis" title="Torniojokis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Torniojokis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne%C3%A4lven" title="Torneälven – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Torneälven" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Турне (река) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Турне (река)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ტურნეელვენი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ტურნეელვენი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86" title="نهر تورن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نهر تورن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne_%C3%A4lv" title="Torne älv – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Torne älv" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%83%8D%E5%B7%9D" title="トルネ川 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トルネ川" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne%C3%A4lven" title="Torneälven – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Torneälven" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torneelva" title="Torneelva – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Torneelva" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne" title="Torne – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Torne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Torne" title="Rio Torne – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rio Torne" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Турнеэльвен – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Турнеэльвен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%D9%88%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%AA%DB%86%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%86" title="ڕووباری تۆرنیۆ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕووباری تۆرنیۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne" title="Torne – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Torne" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornionjoki" title="Tornionjoki – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tornionjoki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne_%C3%A4lv" title="Torne älv – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Torne älv" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne_Nehri" title="Torne Nehri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Torne Nehri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Турнеельвен – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Турнеельвен" data-language-autonym="Українська" 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&params=65_50_N_024_09_E_type:river"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">65°50′N</span> <span class="longitude">024°09′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">65.833°N 24.150°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">65.833; 24.150</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">River in northern Sweden and Finland</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the river in Lincolnshire and South Yorkshire, England, see <a href="/wiki/River_Torne_(England)" title="River Torne (England)">River Torne (England)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Japanese PlayStation 3 accessory, see <a href="/wiki/PlayTV#torne" title="PlayTV">PlayTV § torne</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Torne river<br /><div class="nickname" style="display:inline;font-size:78%"><span title="Finnish-language text"><i lang="fi">Tornionjoki</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>)</span><br /><span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">Torne älv/Torneälven</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>)</span><br /><span title="Northern Sami-language text"><i lang="se">Duortneseatnu</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Northern_Sami_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Sami language">Northern Sami</a>)</span><br /><span title="Meänkieli-language text"><i lang="fit">Väylä</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Me%C3%A4nkieli_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Meänkieli language">Meänkieli</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tornionjoki_Kukkolankoski_Vastarannalla_Ruotsi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Tornionjoki_Kukkolankoski_Vastarannalla_Ruotsi.jpg/250px-Tornionjoki_Kukkolankoski_Vastarannalla_Ruotsi.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Tornionjoki_Kukkolankoski_Vastarannalla_Ruotsi.jpg/375px-Tornionjoki_Kukkolankoski_Vastarannalla_Ruotsi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Tornionjoki_Kukkolankoski_Vastarannalla_Ruotsi.jpg/500px-Tornionjoki_Kukkolankoski_Vastarannalla_Ruotsi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="769" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The Torne at Kukkola rapids north of <a href="/wiki/Tornio" title="Tornio">Tornio</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Tornealven.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Tornealven.png/220px-Tornealven.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Tornealven.png/330px-Tornealven.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Tornealven.png/440px-Tornealven.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="572" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Location of the Torne</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Location</th></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Countries</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li></ul></div><br />Norway (hydrological source)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Physical characteristics</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Source</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Torne_tr%C3%A4sk" class="mw-redirect" title="Torne träsk">Torne träsk</a> and its main affluent</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kiruna_Municipality" title="Kiruna Municipality">Kiruna Municipality</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norrbotten" title="Norrbotten">Norrbotten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&params=68_22_N_019_06_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">68°22′N</span> <span class="longitude">019°06′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">68.367°N 19.100°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">68.367; 19.100</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • elevation</span></th><td class="infobox-data">341 m (1,119 ft)(hydrological source 1189 m <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&params=65_48_30_N_24_8_45_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">65°48′30″N</span> <span class="longitude">24°8′45″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">65.80833°N 24.14583°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">65.80833; 24.14583</span></span></span></a></span></span>)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/River_mouth" title="River mouth">Mouth</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Bothnia" title="Gulf of Bothnia">Gulf of Bothnia</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • location</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tornio" title="Tornio">Tornio</a>/<a href="/wiki/Haparanda" title="Haparanda">Haparanda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&params=65_50_N_024_09_E_type:river"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">65°50′N</span> <span class="longitude">024°09′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">65.833°N 24.150°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">65.833; 24.150</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • elevation</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0 m (0 ft)</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">510 km (320 mi)<sup id="cite_ref-ne_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ne-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> plus 110 km above the outlet of Torneträsk</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Basin size</th><td class="infobox-data">40,157.1 km<sup>2</sup> (15,504.7 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discharge</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">370 m<sup>3</sup>/s (13,000 cu ft/s)<sup id="cite_ref-ne_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ne-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Torne</b>, also known as the <b>Tornio</b> (<a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>: <i lang="fi">Tornionjoki</i>, <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>: <i lang="sv">Torne älv</i>, <span title="Swedish-language text"><i lang="sv">Torneälven</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_Sami_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Sami language">Northern Sami</a>: <i lang="se">Duortneseatnu</i>, <a href="/wiki/Me%C3%A4nkieli_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Meänkieli language">Meänkieli</a>: <i lang="fit">Väylä</i>), is a river in northern Sweden and Finland. For approximately half of its length, it defines the border between these two countries. In the upper parts, the river is situated in Sweden before it meets the <a href="/wiki/Muonio_(river)" title="Muonio (river)">Muonio River</a> where it adjoins the international border. It rises at the lake <a href="/wiki/Tornetr%C3%A4sk" title="Torneträsk">Torneträsk</a> near the border with <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> and flows generally southeast for a distance of 522 kilometres (324 mi) into the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Bothnia" title="Gulf of Bothnia">Gulf of Bothnia</a>. It is the largest river in <a href="/wiki/Norrbotten_County" title="Norrbotten County">Norrbotten County</a> both by length and by watershed area. </p><p>At its source, the Torne is located close to the <a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic" class="mw-redirect" title="North Atlantic">North Atlantic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Narvik" class="mw-redirect" title="Narvik">Narvik</a> on the other side of the watershed, with several thousands of kilometres between the locations via waterways. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Torne basin has a total area of 37,300 square kilometres (14,400 sq mi) or 40,147.1 square kilometres (15,500.9 sq mi) (see sidebar). Of this, 25,392.2 km<sup>2</sup> (9,804.0 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 25,393.1 km<sup>2</sup> (9,804.3 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-hao_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hao-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is in <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, 10,400 km<sup>2</sup> (4,000 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-internationalbasins_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-internationalbasins-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 14,266.3 km<sup>2</sup> (5,508.2 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-hao_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hao-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is in <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> and 1,500 km<sup>2</sup> (580 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-internationalbasins_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-internationalbasins-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 497.7 km<sup>2</sup> (192.2 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-hao_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hao-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is in <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nominal_source_and_hydrological_source">Nominal source and hydrological source</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Nominal source and hydrological source"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The source of the Torne is generally believed to be the lake <a href="/wiki/Tornetr%C3%A4sk" title="Torneträsk">Torneträsk</a> near the border with Norway. But the main feeder of this lake is <a href="/wiki/Abiskojokk" title="Abiskojokk">Abiskojåkka</a>, flowing out of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abiskojaure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abiskojaure (page does not exist)">Abiskojaure</a>, which is mainly fed by Kamajåkka, coming from tributary Gamajávri. This lake's major <a href="/wiki/Tributary" title="Tributary">tributary</a> is Válfojohka. That river comes from Lake Válfojávri in Norway's <a href="/wiki/Nordland" title="Nordland">Nordland</a>, but near to that lake it is joined by a nameless, longer stream, according to official Swedish maps fed by a small glacier, 1,189 m (3,901 ft) above sea level (<span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&params=68_16_02_N_18_07_41_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">68°16′02″N</span> <span class="longitude">18°07′41″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">68.26722°N 18.12806°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">68.26722; 18.12806</span></span></span></a></span></span>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lake_Torne">Lake Torne</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Lake Torne"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other affluents of Lake Torne are <a href="/w/index.php?title=Njuora%C3%A4tno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Njuoraätno (page does not exist)">Njuoraätno</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A5ppasj%C3%A5kka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kåppasjåkka (page does not exist)">Kåppasjåkka</a> in the west, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gurttejohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gurttejohka (page does not exist)">Gurttejohka</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Snurrij%C3%A5kka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Snurrijåkka (page does not exist)">Snurrijåkka</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Besse%C5%A1johka_(north)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bessešjohka (north) (page does not exist)">Bessešjohka</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%A1ggesgorsajohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bággesgorsajohka (page does not exist)">Bággesgorsajohka</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Davip_Duoptejohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Davip Duoptejohka (page does not exist)">Davip Duoptejohka</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lulip_Duoptejohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lulip Duoptejohka (page does not exist)">Lulip Duoptejohka</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarv%C3%A1johka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarvájohka (page does not exist)">Sarvájohka</a> and others in the north, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1kkasjohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rákkasjohka (page does not exist)">Rákkasjohka</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gohpasjohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gohpasjohka (page does not exist)">Gohpasjohka</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Miellejohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miellejohka (page does not exist)">Miellejohka</a>, Bessešjohka, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Golkkokjohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golkkokjohka (page does not exist)">Golkkokjohka</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nivsakkjohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nivsakkjohka (page does not exist)">Nivsakkjohka</a> and others in the south.<sup id="cite_ref-fjallkarta_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fjallkarta-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Above Torne lake, the watershed of the Torne includes the villages <a href="/wiki/Riksgr%C3%A4nsen" title="Riksgränsen">Riksgränsen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Katterj%C3%A5kk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katterjåkk (page does not exist)">Katterjåkk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vassijaure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vassijaure (page does not exist)">Vassijaure</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A5ktatj%C3%A5kka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Låktatjåkka (page does not exist)">Låktatjåkka</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kopper%C3%A5sen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kopperåsen (page does not exist)">Kopperåsen</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tornehamn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tornehamn (page does not exist)">Tornehamn</a>. On the south shore of Torne lake are <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bj%C3%B6rkliden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Björkliden (page does not exist)">Björkliden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abisko" title="Abisko">Abisko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stordalen,_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Stordalen, Sweden">Stordalen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaisepakte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaisepakte (page does not exist)">Kaisepakte</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stenbacken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stenbacken (page does not exist)">Stenbacken</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tornetr%C3%A4sk_(village)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torneträsk (village) (page does not exist)">Torneträsk</a>. On the north shore are the <a href="/wiki/Sami_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Sami people">Sami</a> villages <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laimoluokta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laimoluokta (page does not exist)">Laimoluokta</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kattuvuoma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kattuvuoma (page does not exist)">Kattuvuoma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fjallkarta_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fjallkarta-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Upper_river">Upper river</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Upper river"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beyond the lake, the Torne River flows unhindered by any concentrations of human inhabitants until the village of <a href="/wiki/Kurravaara" title="Kurravaara">Kurravaara</a>, around 12 kilometres (7 mi) northeast of <a href="/wiki/Kiruna" title="Kiruna">Kiruna</a>. The river splits in two parts that only join at Kurravaara;<sup id="cite_ref-fjallkarta2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fjallkarta2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the part between the river is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alaj%C3%A1vri_nature_reserve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alajávri nature reserve (page does not exist)">Alajávri nature reserve</a>. Between the lake and Kurravaara, the streams <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Cearrojoga%C5%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Čearrojogaš (page does not exist)">Čearrojogaš</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A1vdojohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rávdojohka (page does not exist)">Rávdojohka</a> join on the right side, and shortly before Kurravaara, the 135-kilometre (84 mi) long <a href="/wiki/Rautas_River" title="Rautas River">Rautas River</a> flows into the Torne. On the left side, the streams <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gukkajohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gukkajohka (page does not exist)">Gukkajohka</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reaskkajohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reaskkajohka (page does not exist)">Reaskkajohka</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C3%A1pmokjohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dápmokjohka (page does not exist)">Dápmokjohka</a> join. In the area between the two streams, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beallejohka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beallejohka (page does not exist)">Beallejohka</a> joins the right arm from the left.<sup id="cite_ref-fjallkarta2_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fjallkarta2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Kurravaara, the river proceeds <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laxforsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laxforsen (page does not exist)">Laxforsen</a>, where it is joined from the right by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luossajoki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luossajoki (page does not exist)">Luossajoki</a>. Here is the first bridge over the river for the road leading from the <a href="/wiki/European_road_E10" class="mw-redirect" title="European road E10">E10</a> to Laxforsen, Luossajärvi and Esrange.<sup id="cite_ref-oversiktskarta_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oversiktskarta-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The river continues to <a href="/wiki/Jukkasj%C3%A4rvi" title="Jukkasjärvi">Jukkasjärvi</a>, where an <a href="/wiki/Ice_hotel" title="Ice hotel">ice hotel</a> is built in winter from the river ice. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="To_the_Bifurcation">To the Bifurcation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: To the Bifurcation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beyond <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paksuniemi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paksuniemi (page does not exist)">Paksuniemi</a>, the river is joined by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pounujoki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pounujoki (page does not exist)">Pounujoki</a> from the right. At <a href="/wiki/Vittangi" title="Vittangi">Vittangi</a>, the 126-kilometre (78 mi) long <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vittangi_river&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vittangi river (page does not exist)">Vittangi river</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-vattendrag_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vattendrag-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which passes by <a href="/wiki/Esrange" title="Esrange">Esrange</a>, joins from the left.<sup id="cite_ref-oversiktskarta_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oversiktskarta-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Here is the second river-crossing bridge, used by the <a href="/wiki/European_route_E45" title="European route E45">E45</a> to <a href="/wiki/Karesuando" title="Karesuando">Karesuando</a>. The river then proceeds to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuoksu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuoksu (page does not exist)">Kuoksu</a>, where it is crossed by the road to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lainio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lainio (page does not exist)">Lainio</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oksaj%C3%A4rvi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oksajärvi (page does not exist)">Oksajärvi</a>, and to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juopakosku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juopakosku (page does not exist)">Juopakosku</a>, where the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Junojoki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Junojoki (page does not exist)">Junojoki</a> joins from the left. At <a href="/wiki/Junosuando" title="Junosuando">Junosuando</a>, the Torne river loses 56% of its water to the <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A4rend%C3%B6_River" title="Tärendö River">Tärendö River</a> in one of the four <a href="/wiki/River_bifurcation" title="River bifurcation">bifurcations</a> in the watershed area.<sup id="cite_ref-hao_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hao-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Here is also a bridge for the road to <a href="/wiki/Kangos" title="Kangos">Kangos</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parkolombolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parkolombolo (page does not exist)">Parkolombolo</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-oversiktskarta_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oversiktskarta-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this is the fourth bridge over the river. </p><p>Shortly after Junosuando, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piipionjoki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piipionjoki (page does not exist)">Piipionjoki</a> joins from the left and at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palokorva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palokorva (page does not exist)">Palokorva</a>, the 260-kilometre (160 mi) long<sup id="cite_ref-vattendrag_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vattendrag-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Lainio_River" title="Lainio River">Lainio River</a> joins from the left. In the Lainio River watershed are two more, smaller bifurcations: the lakes <a href="/w/index.php?title=Goldaj%C3%A1vri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goldajávri (page does not exist)">Goldajávri</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A5stojaure" class="mw-redirect" title="Råstojaure">Råstojaure</a> flow toward contributaries of the Laino river as well as to the Norwegian streams <a href="/w/index.php?title=Signaldalselva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Signaldalselva (page does not exist)">Signaldalselva</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%A5staelva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Råstaelva (page does not exist)">Råstaelva</a> respectively. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Down_to_Pajala">Down to Pajala</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Down to Pajala"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Between Junosuando and <a href="/wiki/Pajala" title="Pajala">Pajala</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A4ym%C3%A4joki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Käymäjoki (page does not exist)">Käymäjoki</a> joins from the left and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Livi%C3%B6joki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liviöjoki (page does not exist)">Liviöjoki</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mertajoki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mertajoki (page does not exist)">Mertajoki</a> join from the right. The village <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anttis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anttis (page does not exist)">Anttis</a> is located on the left bank of the river, with Swedish road <a href="/w/index.php?title=Riksv%C3%A4g_395&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Riksväg 395 (page does not exist)">Riksväg 395</a> on the right bank; the fifth bridge connects Anttis to the main road.<sup id="cite_ref-oversiktskarta_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oversiktskarta-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly after Pajala, the Torne river joins with the 380-kilometre (240 mi) long <a href="/wiki/Muonio_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Muonio River">Muonio River</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-vattendrag_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vattendrag-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the biggest contributary of the Torne river. Near Pajala are two more bridges going north.<sup id="cite_ref-oversiktskarta_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oversiktskarta-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> North of this point, the Muonio river forms the border with Finland. From this point, the border with Finland is formed by the Torne river. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lower_river">Lower river</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Lower river"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Haparanda-Tornio_rail_bridge_Sep2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Haparanda-Tornio_rail_bridge_Sep2008.jpg/220px-Haparanda-Tornio_rail_bridge_Sep2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Haparanda-Tornio_rail_bridge_Sep2008.jpg/330px-Haparanda-Tornio_rail_bridge_Sep2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Haparanda-Tornio_rail_bridge_Sep2008.jpg/440px-Haparanda-Tornio_rail_bridge_Sep2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1531" data-file-height="1021" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Torne_River_Railway_Bridge" title="Torne River Railway Bridge">Torne River Railway Bridge</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Dual_gauge" title="Dual gauge">dual gauge</a> railway bridge, with a four <a href="/wiki/Rail_profile" title="Rail profile">rail</a> <a href="/wiki/Gauntlet_track" title="Gauntlet track">gauntlet track</a>, the only fixed railway connection between Sweden and Finland.</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PanoTorne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/PanoTorne.jpg/400px-PanoTorne.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/PanoTorne.jpg/600px-PanoTorne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/PanoTorne.jpg/800px-PanoTorne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2982" data-file-height="1702" /></a><figcaption>Torne river and Meänmaa near Övertorneå as seen from the Finnish side. The bridge can be seen to the left.</figcaption></figure> <p>From here the river flows south along the Finno-Swedish border. This part is known as <a href="/wiki/Me%C3%A4nmaa" title="Meänmaa">Meänmaa</a> and is a popular tourist destination. Slightly south of Pajala is a border-crossing bridge for a road leading to <a href="/wiki/Kolari" title="Kolari">Kolari</a>, the eighth bridge over the main river from the source. The river proceeds to the village <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kassa,_Sweden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kassa, Sweden (page does not exist)">Kassa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the village of <a href="/wiki/Pello" title="Pello">Pello</a>, which lies on both sides of the river, is a bridge between the two parts. The river continues south to <a href="/wiki/Svanstein" title="Svanstein">Svanstein</a>, crosses the arctic circle at <a href="/wiki/Juoksengi" title="Juoksengi">Juoksengi</a> and proceeds to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niskanp%C3%A4%C3%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niskanpää (page does not exist)">Niskanpää</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuivakangas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuivakangas (page does not exist)">Kuivakangas</a>. In <a href="/wiki/%C3%96vertorne%C3%A5" title="Övertorneå">Övertorneå</a> (Finnish: <a href="/wiki/Ylitornio" title="Ylitornio">Ylitornio</a>) there is another bridge, the final road bridge before the sea. Here, the 127-kilometre (79 mi) long <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengeli%C3%B6n_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tengeliön River (page does not exist)">Tengeliön River</a> joins from the (Finnish) left side .<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The river continues to <a href="/wiki/Heden%C3%A4set" title="Hedenäset">Hedenäset</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Risudden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Risudden (page does not exist)">Risudden</a>. </p><p>At <a href="/wiki/Karungi" title="Karungi">Karungi</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Liakanjoki" title="Liakanjoki">Liakanjoki</a> departs from the Torne river and flows to the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Bothnia" title="Gulf of Bothnia">Gulf of Bothnia</a> independently in Finland. From Karungi south, there are railways on both sides of the valley. At <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kukkola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kukkola (page does not exist)">Kukkola</a> is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kukkolaforsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kukkolaforsen (page does not exist)">Kukkolaforsen</a>, a rapids which is also a tourist attraction. Before finally arriving at the twin city of Haparanda/<a href="/wiki/Tornio" title="Tornio">Tornio</a>, it passes by the villages <a href="/wiki/Vojakkala" title="Vojakkala">Vojakkala</a> and Mattila. </p><p>In the twin city of Haparanda/Tornio are four more bridges: one for cyclists and pedestrians, one for local traffic, one for the <a href="/wiki/European_route_E4" title="European route E4">E4</a> and the southernmost, last and 14th bridge over the Tornio river is a <a href="/wiki/Dual_gauge" title="Dual gauge">dual gauge</a> railway bridge connecting the Swedish and Finnish railway systems. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Antti Keksi authored a poem about the 1677 river flood. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fredrikshamn" title="Treaty of Fredrikshamn">Treaty of Fredrikshamn</a> in 1809, when Sweden lost the areas which constitute present-day Finland to <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Russia">Imperial Russia</a>, the river was together with the <a href="/wiki/Muonio_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Muonio River">Muonio River</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%B6nk%C3%A4m%C3%A4_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Könkämä River (page does not exist)">Könkämä River</a> chosen as border between Sweden and the new Russian <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Finland" title="Grand Duchy of Finland">Grand Duchy of Finland</a>, thus splitting the <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Sweden" title="Provinces of Sweden">provinces</a> of <a href="/wiki/Laponia_(historical_province)" title="Laponia (historical province)">Lappland</a> and <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4sterbotten" title="Västerbotten">Västerbotten</a>. </p><p>According to the treaty, the border shall follow the deepest part of the river. Near Haparanda/Tornio the border was fixed in the treaty, partly on land, so the city of Tornio would belong to Russia. Once every 25 years, a commission of Swedish and Finnish representatives shall review this border. This means that the border can move, such as in 2006 when such a border change was undertaken. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Natural_history">Natural history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Natural history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Research on ice breakup on the river and on <a href="/wiki/Lake_Suwa" title="Lake Suwa">Lake Suwa</a> in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> suggested "global processes including climate change and variability are driving the long-term changes in ice seasonality."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Historically, the language used on both sides of the river was Finnish. In the late 19th century, schools were opened in both countries. Then there was a decision to make the Swedish part of area <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a> speaking by teaching the school children only written Swedish and allowing only Swedish to be spoken during lessons, sometimes also during breaks. As an effect, during the second half of the 20th century, Swedish was the dominant language on the Swedish side. The Finnish spoken in informal conversation is similar on both sides of the river, although some newer words differ. To support the traditional language on the Swedish side a new written language has been devised, <a href="/wiki/Me%C3%A4nkieli_dialects" class="mw-redirect" title="Meänkieli dialects">Meänkieli</a>. On the Finnish side only Finnish is used in written communication. These two languages differ considerably in spelling. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Finland" title="Geography of Finland">Geography of Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Sweden" title="Geography of Sweden">Geography of Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torne,_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Torne, Finland">Torne, Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torne_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Torne Valley">Torne Valley</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ne-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ne_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ne_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ne.se/torne-älv">"Torne älv"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nationalencyklopedin" title="Nationalencyklopedin">Nationalencyklopedin</a></i> (in Swedish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Torne+%C3%A4lv&rft.btitle=Nationalencyklopedin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Ftorne-%C3%A4lv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATorne+%28Finnish+and+Swedish+river%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smhi.se/sgn0102/n0205/lan_haro_huvud.pdf">"Län och huvudavrinningsområden i Sverige"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Swedish). <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Meteorological_and_Hydrological_Institute" title="Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute">Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L%C3%A4n+och+huvudavrinningsomr%C3%A5den+i+Sverige&rft.pub=Swedish+Meteorological+and+Hydrological+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smhi.se%2Fsgn0102%2Fn0205%2Flan_haro_huvud.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATorne+%28Finnish+and+Swedish+river%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smhi.se/sgn0102/n0205/lan_haro_norrbotten.pdf">Norrbottens län</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hao-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hao_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hao_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hao_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hao_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smhi.se/sgn0102/n0205/lan_haro_huvud.pdf">Huvudavrinningsområden på gränsen mellan Sverige, Norge och Finland</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-internationalbasins-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-internationalbasins_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-internationalbasins_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/publications/register/tables/IRB_europe.html">International river basins of the world</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051115062647/http://www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/publications/register/tables/IRB_europe.html">Archived</a> 2005-11-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fjallkarta-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fjallkarta_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fjallkarta_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lantmäteriets fjällkarta BD6 Abisko-Kebnekaise-Narvik</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fjallkarta2-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fjallkarta2_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fjallkarta2_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lantmäteriets fjällkarta BD4 Kiruna</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oversiktskarta-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oversiktskarta_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oversiktskarta_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oversiktskarta_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oversiktskarta_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oversiktskarta_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lantmäteriets Översiktkarta 1 Kiruna</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vattendrag-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vattendrag_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vattendrag_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vattendrag_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smhi.se/sgn0102/n0204/vdragreg.pdf">Vattendragsregistret</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Swedish article <a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torne%C3%A4lven" class="extiw" title="sv:Torneälven">sv:Torneälven</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharmaMagnusonBattWinslow2016" class="citation journal cs1">Sharma, Sapna; Magnuson, John J; Batt, Ryan D; Winslow, Luke A; Korhonen, Johanna; Aono, Yasuyuki (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4844970">"Direct observations of ice seasonality reveal changes in climate over the past 320–570 years"</a>. <i>Scientific Reports</i>. <b>6</b>: 25061. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fsrep25061">10.1038/srep25061</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4844970">4844970</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27113125">27113125</a>. Article ID 25061.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+Reports&rft.atitle=Direct+observations+of+ice+seasonality+reveal+changes+in+climate+over+the+past+320%E2%80%93570+years&rft.volume=6&rft.pages=25061&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4844970%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27113125&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fsrep25061&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Sapna&rft.au=Magnuson%2C+John+J&rft.au=Batt%2C+Ryan+D&rft.au=Winslow%2C+Luke+A&rft.au=Korhonen%2C+Johanna&rft.au=Aono%2C+Yasuyuki&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4844970&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATorne+%28Finnish+and+Swedish+river%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBell2016" class="citation news cs1">Bell, Jillian (2016-04-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/climate-change-industrial-revolution-1.3555189">"Industrial Revolution strongly tied to earlier thaws, later freezes: study"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Industrial+Revolution+strongly+tied+to+earlier+thaws%2C+later+freezes%3A+study&rft.date=2016-04-27&rft.aulast=Bell&rft.aufirst=Jillian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Ftechnology%2Fclimate-change-industrial-revolution-1.3555189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATorne+%28Finnish+and+Swedish+river%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torne_(Finnish_and_Swedish_river)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" 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aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121538#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121538#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121538#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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