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.mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the 1977 miniseries. For the novel it is based on, see <a href="/wiki/Roots:_The_Saga_of_an_American_Family" title="Roots: The Saga of an American Family">Roots: The Saga of an American Family</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1262195746">.mw-parser-output .ib-tv{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0 3px;padding:3px 5px}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv .infobox-above{background-color:#CCCCFF;color:inherit;font-size:125%;padding:0.25em 1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv .infobox-header{background-color:#CCCCFF;color:inherit;padding:0.25em 1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-aka{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-network-release td,.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-network-release th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1}</style><p><i><b>Roots</b></i> is a 1977 American <a href="/wiki/Television_miniseries" class="mw-redirect" title="Television miniseries">television miniseries</a> based on <a href="/wiki/Alex_Haley" title="Alex Haley">Alex Haley</a>'s 1976 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Roots:_The_Saga_of_an_American_Family" title="Roots: The Saga of an American Family">Roots: The Saga of an American Family</a></i>, set during and after the era of <a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_the_United_States" title="Slavery in the United States">enslavement in the United States</a>. The series first aired on <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a> in January 1977 over eight consecutive nights. </p><table class="infobox ib-tv vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary"><i>Roots</i></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Roots_(_1977_miniseries)_American_Broadcasting_Company_poster.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f4/Roots_%28_1977_miniseries%29_American_Broadcasting_Company_poster.png" decoding="async" width="209" height="398" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="209" data-file-height="398"></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Promotional poster</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Historical_drama" title="Historical drama">Historical drama</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Based on</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Roots:_The_Saga_of_an_American_Family" title="Roots: The Saga of an American Family">Roots: The Saga of an American Family</a></i><br>by <a href="/wiki/Alex_Haley" title="Alex Haley">Alex Haley</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Written by</th><td class="infobox-data">Alex Haley</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Screenplay by</th><td class="infobox-data">Alex Haley<br><a href="/wiki/James_Lee_(screenwriter)" title="James Lee (screenwriter)">James Lee</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_J._Chomsky" title="Marvin J. Chomsky">Marvin J. Chomsky</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/John_Erman" title="John Erman">John Erman</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/David_Greene_(director)" title="David Greene (director)">David Greene</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Moses" title="Gilbert Moses">Gilbert Moses</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Amos" title="John Amos">John Amos</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Vereen" title="Ben Vereen">Ben Vereen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/LeVar_Burton" title="LeVar Burton">LeVar Burton</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Gossett_Jr." title="Louis Gossett Jr.">Louis Gossett Jr.</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Uggams" title="Leslie Uggams">Leslie Uggams</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Stanford_Brown" title="Georg Stanford Brown">Georg Stanford Brown</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Theme music composer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Fried" title="Gerald Fried">Gerald Fried</a><br><a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a> (episode 1)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Original language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of episodes</th><td class="infobox-data">8 (re-edited to 6 for video)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Production</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Executive producer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_L._Wolper" title="David L. Wolper">David L. Wolper</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Producer</th><td class="infobox-data">Stan Margulies</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cinematography</th><td class="infobox-data">Stevan Larner, ASC</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Running time</th><td class="infobox-data">45–90 minutes per episode</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Production companies</th><td class="infobox-data">Wolper Productions<br><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Bros. Television">Warner Bros. Television</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">US$6.6 million<sup id="cite_ref-budget2_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-budget2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-budget1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-budget1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Original release</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Network</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release</th><td class="infobox-data">January 23<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1977-01-23</span>)</span> –<br>January 30, 1977<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1977-01-30</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header summary">Related</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Roots:_The_Next_Generations" title="Roots: The Next Generations">Roots: The Next Generations</a></i></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A critical and ratings success over the course of its run, <i>Roots</i> received 37 <a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Primetime Emmy Award">Primetime Emmy Award</a> nominations and won nine. It also won a <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globe Award">Golden Globe</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Peabody_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Peabody Award">Peabody Award</a>. It received unprecedented <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_ratings" class="mw-redirect" title="Nielsen ratings">Nielsen ratings</a> for the finale, which holds the record as the third-highest-rated episode for any type of television series, and the second-most-watched overall series finale in U.S. television history.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A sequel, <i><a href="/wiki/Roots:_The_Next_Generations" title="Roots: The Next Generations">Roots: The Next Generations</a></i>, first aired in 1979, and a second sequel, <i><a href="/wiki/Roots:_The_Gift" title="Roots: The Gift">Roots: The Gift</a></i>, a Christmas television film, starring LeVar Burton and <a href="/wiki/Louis_Gossett_Jr." title="Louis Gossett Jr.">Louis Gossett Jr.</a>, first aired in 1988. A related film, <i><a href="/wiki/Alex_Haley%27s_Queen" title="Alex Haley's Queen">Alex Haley's Queen</a></i>, is based on the life of Queen Jackson Haley, who was Alex Haley's paternal grandmother. </p><p>In 2016, a remake of the original miniseries, <a href="/wiki/Roots_(2016_miniseries)" title="Roots (2016 miniseries)">with the same name</a>, was commissioned by the <a href="/wiki/History_(American_TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="History (American TV network)">History</a> channel and screened by the channel on <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Day" title="Memorial Day">Memorial Day</a>. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Plot"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Plot</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Colonial_times"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Colonial times</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Late_18th_century"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Late 18th century</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Turn_of_the_19th_century"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Turn of the 19th century</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Early_19th_century"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Early 19th century</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#The_Civil_War"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">The Civil War</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Postwar"><span class="tocnumber">1.6</span> <span class="toctext">Postwar</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Cast"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Cast</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Production"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Production</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Musical_score_and_soundtrack"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Musical score and soundtrack</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Track_listing"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Track listing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Personnel"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Personnel</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Charts_and_certifications"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Charts and certifications</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#Reception"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Reception</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#Historical_accuracy"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Historical accuracy</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#Broadcast_history"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Broadcast history</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#Episode_lists"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Episode lists</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#U.S._television_ratings"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">U.S. television ratings</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#Home_media"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Home media</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="#Awards_and_nominations"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Awards and nominations</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="#Accolades"><span class="tocnumber">9.1</span> <span class="toctext">Accolades</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="#Remake"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Remake</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colonial_times">Colonial times</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Colonial times" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">the Gambia</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">West Africa</a>, in 1750, <a href="/wiki/Kunta_Kinte" title="Kunta Kinte">Kunta Kinte</a> is born to Omoro Kinte, a <a href="/wiki/Mandinka_people" title="Mandinka people">Mandinka</a> <a href="/wiki/Warrior" title="Warrior">warrior</a>, and his wife Binta. He is raised in a <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Africa" title="Islam in Africa">Muslim</a> family.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Kunta reaches the age of 15, he and other boys undergo a semi-secretive tribal rite of passage, under the Kintango, which includes wrestling, circumcision, philosophy, war-craft, and hunting skills. </p><p>Meanwhile, Captain Thomas Davies meets Vilars, the owner of a cargo ship named <i><a href="/wiki/Lord_Ligonier_(slave_ship)" title="Lord Ligonier (slave ship)">Lord Ligonier</a></i>, and is given command of the vessel in order to trade goods between England, Africa and America. Only at the last minute is he informed that part of his cargo will consist of African slaves, to his dismay. </p><p>During the early voyage, Mr. Slater, First Deck Officer of the ship, pontificates to Davies about slavery. After learning that Slater is an expert in the field, having undertaken many similar voyages previously, Davies eventually grants him total authority and control over all procedures for ensuring their safe and secure passage to America. </p><p>When the ship docks in Africa, Slater introduces Davies to the trader and negotiator, Gardner, who is tasked with the capture or purchase of 170 Africans. </p><p>Back in Juffure, while still in training, Kunta is instructed to catch a bird unharmed. The bird escapes from the safety of the training area, and during the chase, Kunta crosses paths with Gardner's small party of European slave hunters and their captives. </p><p>Shortly after his ceremonial return, while fetching wood outside his village to make a drum for his younger brother Lamin, Kunta is captured by Gardner and four black collaborators. He is then sold to a <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Atlantic slave trade">slave trader</a> and placed aboard the slave ship for a <a href="/wiki/Middle_Passage" title="Middle Passage">three-month journey</a> to Colonial America. The ship eventually leaves Africa with 140 Africans. </p><p>During the voyage, Kunta bonds with a <a href="/wiki/Yoruba_people" title="Yoruba people">Yoruba</a> wrestler who was part of his manhood training, as well as a Mandinka girl named Fanta whom he met shortly before his kidnapping. An insurrection among the human cargo fails to take over the ship, but results in the death of Mr. Slater, several crew members and several Africans, including the wrestler. </p><p>The ship eventually arrives in <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis, Maryland</a>, in 1767, with 98 Africans still living. The captured Africans are sold at auction as slaves. John Reynolds, a plantation owner from <a href="/wiki/Spotsylvania_County,_Virginia" title="Spotsylvania County, Virginia">Spotsylvania County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Fredericksburg,_Virginia" title="Fredericksburg, Virginia">Fredericksburg</a>, buys Kunta and gives him the Christian name Toby. Reynolds assigns an older slave, Fiddler, to teach Kunta English and train him in the ways of servitude. Although Kunta gradually warms up to Fiddler, he wants to preserve his Mandinka (and Islamic) heritage, and he defiantly refuses to eat pork or accept his Christian name. </p><p>Kunta makes several unsuccessful attempts to escape, first breaking his ankle chain with a broken tool blade he finds half buried in a field. After this attempt the overseer, Ames, gathers the slaves in the barn, and directs another slave, James, to whip Kunta until he acknowledges his new name "Toby." Fiddler comforts the bloody-backed Kunta and uses his Mandinka name for the first time, assuring him "there will be another day." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_18th_century">Late 18th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Late 18th century" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>In 1776, the adult Kunta Kinte, still haunted by his Mandinka roots and desire for freedom, tries again to escape. He makes it to a nearby plantation where his boyhood friend Fanta is a slave, although he discovers after spending the night with her that she has turned away from her African name and heritage in the name of survival. A pair of slave-catchers track him there and hobble him by chopping off almost half his right foot with a hatchet. Exasperated, John Reynolds decides to sell Kunta, which will also settle a debt with his brother Dr. William Reynolds, the local physician. John also transfers several of his other slaves, including Fiddler, to William as well. </p><p>Bell, the cook for William's family, successfully treats both Kunta's mangled foot and wounded spirit. A trusted member of the Reynolds household, she arranges for Kunta to become Dr. Reynolds' driver. Eventually Kunta submits to a life of servitude, although he never entirely renounces Africa, his faith in Islam, nor his hope of returning home. He marries Bell, in a ceremony which includes <a href="/wiki/Jumping_the_broom" title="Jumping the broom">jumping across a broom</a>, although his talk of Africa frustrates her. Bell bears a daughter in 1790, to whom Kunta gives the name Kizzy, which means "stay put" in the Mandinka language (in hopes of ensuring that she will never be sold away). Fiddler continues to mentor Kunta, and dies an old man shortly after Kizzy's birth. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turn_of_the_19th_century">Turn of the 19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Turn of the 19th century" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>An adulterous relationship between Dr. William Reynolds and John Reynolds' wife produces a daughter, Missy Anne, whom John believes is his own. Missy Anne and Kizzy become playmates and best friends despite the social confines of Southern plantation culture. Missy Anne secretly teaches Kizzy to read and write, a skill forbidden to slaves. In 1806, Kizzy falls in love with Noah, a spirited slave who attempts to flee North with a "traveling pass" forged by Kizzy from a pass given to her by Missy Anne. </p><p>Dr. Reynolds, although amiable and compassionate toward his slaves, regards the pass and escape to be such an egregious breach of trust that he separately sells both Noah and Kizzy, much to the horror of Bell and Kunta. Missy Anne, who had offered Kizzy a place as her companion and maid, watches dispassionately as Kizzy is dragged away. Tom Moore, a planter in <a href="/wiki/Caswell_County,_North_Carolina" title="Caswell County, North Carolina">Caswell County</a>, North Carolina, with a sexual appetite for young female slaves, becomes Kizzy's new owner, and makes her his concubine the night of her arrival. Kizzy becomes pregnant and gives birth to their son George nine months after her arrival. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_19th_century">Early 19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Early 19th century" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>In 1824, the cheerful and confident George, under the tutelage of an older slave named Mingo, learns much about cockfighting. By direction of Moore, George takes over as the chief trainer, the "cock of the walk." George befriends Marcellus, a free black man, and fellow cockfighter, who informs him about the possibility of buying his own freedom. At the same time, he believes Moore to be a close friend. </p><p>Meanwhile, the adult Kizzy is wooed by Sam Bennett, a fancy carriage driver whose master is visiting the Moores. Seeking to impress Kizzy, he takes her for a short visit to her former home on Dr. Reynolds's plantation, in the hope that she can see her parents. Kizzy learns that Bell has been sold away and that Kunta died two years earlier. Kizzy sees her father's grave and his wooden marker; using a small stone, she scratches over the name Toby and writes below it "Kunta Kinte," and promises him that his descendants will be free one day. </p><p>In 1831, George realizes his master's true feelings when he and his family are threatened at gunpoint by Moore and his wife, as a result of <a href="/wiki/Nat_Turner%27s_Rebellion" title="Nat Turner's Rebellion">Nat Turner's Rebellion</a>. Although none of Moore's slaves are personally involved in the rebellion, they become victims of the paranoid suspicions of their master, so they start planning to buy their freedom, although Moore tells George he will never allow it. Kizzy finally tells George that Moore is his father. </p><p>George, having become an expert in cockfighting, earns for himself the moniker "Chicken George." Squire James, Moore's main adversary in the pit, arranges for a British owner, Sir Eric Russell, and twenty of his cocks to visit and to participate in the local fights. Moore eventually bets a huge sum on his best bird, which George has trained, but he loses and cannot pay. </p><p>Under the terms of a settlement between Moore and Russell, George goes to England to train cocks for Russell and to train more trainers and is forced to leave behind Kizzy, his wife Tildy, and his sons, Tom and Lewis. Moore promises to set George free on the latter's return and to keep the family together in his absence. However, a now-broke Moore then sells all of his remaining slaves except Kizzy. </p><p>Later in life, Kizzy and Missy Anne Reynolds meet by chance one last time. Missy Anne denies that she "recollects" a "darkie by the name of Kizzy." Kizzy then spits into Missy Anne's cup of water without Missy Anne realizing it. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Civil_War">The Civil War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The Civil War" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>George returns in 1861, shortly before the start of the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a>. He proudly announces that Moore, after some reluctance on Moore's part and some persuasion on George's part, has kept his word by granting George his freedom. He learns that Kizzy has died two months before, and that Tildy, Tom and Lewis now belong to Sam Harvey. Tom has become a <a href="/wiki/Blacksmith" title="Blacksmith">blacksmith</a> on the Harvey plantation and has a wife, Irene, and two sons. </p><p>George is welcomed warmly and learns that his relatives have spoken well of him during his absence. He further learns that according to a law in North Carolina, if he stays 60 days in that state as a freed slave, he will lose his freedom, so he heads northward, seeking the next stage in his career as a cockfighter and awaiting the end of the war, the <a href="/wiki/Emancipation_Proclamation" title="Emancipation Proclamation">emancipation</a> of the slaves, and another reunion of his family. Meanwhile, Tom meets harassment at the hands of two brothers, Evan and Jemmy Brent. </p><p>While the war continues to its inevitable end, a hungry and destitute young white couple from South Carolina, George and Martha Johnson, arrive and ask for help, and the slave family take them in. George Johnson is given a job as overseer of the plantation, but has no experience with slaves and balks at the expectation that he mistreat them. Martha soon gives birth, but the child is <a href="/wiki/Stillbirth" title="Stillbirth">stillborn</a>. The couple stays on with Tom and his wife, becoming a part of their community. </p><p>Eventually, a month before the surrender by the <a href="/wiki/Confederate_States_of_America" title="Confederate States of America">South</a>, Jemmy deserts the Confederate Army, and he shows up at Tom's blacksmith shop. Tom reluctantly runs an errand for him but, on returning, he finds Jemmy trying to rape Irene, and in the resulting fight Tom drowns him in the quenching tub. Later Evan, now an officer in the Confederate <a href="/wiki/Cavalry_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Cavalry in the American Civil War">cavalry</a>, arrives at the shop, demands to know about Jemmy, gets no answer, and angrily tells Tom that he has not yet finished with him. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postwar">Postwar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Postwar" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>After the war, the former owner of the farm Tom works on, Sam Harvey, is forced to surrender all of his property to Senator Arthur Justin, a local politician intent on acquiring as much land as possible. Under the terms of the surrender, his former slaves are allowed to stay on as sharecroppers, with eventual rights to own a part of the land. However, because no written deed has been filed, the senator deems the agreement void and imposes heavy debts on the black farmers as a legal pretext to keep them from leaving the county. He later gives oversight of the farm to Evan Brent, who reinstates George Johnson as overseer, believing whites should not farm alongside blacks. </p><p>One night, several local white men, led by Evan and <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">wearing white hoods</a> (made from fabric sacks from Evan's store) begin to harass and terrorize Tom, his family, and other members of his community. Tom emerges as the leader among his group, while tensions arise between the white Johnsons and Tom's brother Lewis. As the local blacksmith, Tom devises a horseshoeing method to identify the horses involved in the raids by the hooded men. But when Tom reports his suspicions and his evidence to the sheriff, who sympathizes with Evan and knows every member of the white mob, the sheriff tips off Evan. </p><p>Evan's mob leads another raid against Tom, during which Tom is whipped. George Johnson intervenes and reluctantly volunteers to whip Tom, in order to save his friend's life. Lewis emotionally reconciles with the Johnsons as the family treats Tom's injuries, unsure of their future. Chicken George then unexpectedly returns, raising the spirits of his relatives and friends, and begins to plot their next step. He reports that he has bought some land in Tennessee. </p><p>Using some cunning and deception of their own, the black farmers make preparations for their move away. The group eventually lures Evan and his gang to the farm and overpowers them, jubilantly departing for Tennessee. Chicken George and his group arrive on his land in <a href="/wiki/Henning,_Tennessee" title="Henning, Tennessee">Henning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lauderdale_County,_Tennessee" title="Lauderdale County, Tennessee">Lauderdale County</a>, Tennessee, to start their new life. Once there, George and Tom retell part of the story of Kunta Kinte in Africa to his (George's) grandchildren in Tennessee. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Cast" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Number in parentheses indicates how many episodes in which the actor/character appears. </p><p><b>Main cast</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> – Alex Haley</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Amos" title="John Amos">John Amos</a> – Older Kunta Kinte (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Angelou" title="Maya Angelou">Maya Angelou</a> – Nyo Boto (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Asner" title="Ed Asner">Ed Asner</a> – Capt. Davies (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Bridges" title="Lloyd Bridges">Lloyd Bridges</a> – Evan Brent (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Stanford_Brown" title="Georg Stanford Brown">Georg Stanford Brown</a> – Tom Harvey (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeVar_Burton" title="LeVar Burton">LeVar Burton</a> – Young Kunta Kinte (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macdonald_Carey" title="Macdonald Carey">Macdonald Carey</a> – Squire James (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivia_Cole" title="Olivia Cole">Olivia Cole</a> – Matilda (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Connors" title="Chuck Connors">Chuck Connors</a> – Tom Moore (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scatman_Crothers" title="Scatman Crothers">Scatman Crothers</a> – Mingo (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji-Tu_Cumbuka" title="Ji-Tu Cumbuka">Ji-Tu Cumbuka</a> – Wrestler (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Davis_(actor)" title="Brad Davis (actor)">Brad Davis</a> – Ol' George Johnson (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Duncan" title="Sandy Duncan">Sandy Duncan</a> – Missy Anne Reynolds (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynda_Day_George" title="Lynda Day George">Lynda Day George</a> – Mrs. Reynolds (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Gossett_Jr." title="Louis Gossett Jr.">Louis Gossett Jr.</a> – Fiddler (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorne_Greene" title="Lorne Greene">Lorne Greene</a> – John Reynolds (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Gunn" title="Moses Gunn">Moses Gunn</a> – Kintango (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hamilton_(actor)" title="George Hamilton (actor)">George Hamilton</a> – Stephen Bennett (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilly_Hicks" title="Hilly Hicks">Hilly Hicks</a> – Lewis (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burl_Ives" title="Burl Ives">Burl Ives</a> – Sen. Arthur Justin (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Hilton-Jacobs" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs">Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs</a> – Noah (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Jones" title="Carolyn Jones">Carolyn Jones</a> – Mrs. Moore (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_McClure" title="Doug McClure">Doug McClure</a> – Jemmy Brent (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_McShane" title="Ian McShane">Ian McShane</a> – Sir Eric Russell (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynne_Moody" title="Lynne Moody">Lynne Moody</a> – Irene Harvey (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vic_Morrow" title="Vic Morrow">Vic Morrow</a> – Ames (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thalmus_Rasulala" title="Thalmus Rasulala">Thalmus Rasulala</a> – Omoro (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Reed" title="Robert Reed">Robert Reed</a> – Dr. William Reynolds (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Rhodes" title="Hari Rhodes">Harry Rhodes</a> – Brima Cesay (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Roundtree" title="Richard Roundtree">Richard Roundtree</a> – Sam Bennett (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Schuck" title="John Schuck">John Schuck</a> – Ordell (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Shenar" title="Paul Shenar">Paul Shenar</a> – John Carrington (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._J._Simpson" title="O. J. Simpson">O. J. Simpson</a> – Kadi Touray (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madge_Sinclair" title="Madge Sinclair">Madge Sinclair</a> – Bell Reynolds (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicely_Tyson" title="Cicely Tyson">Cicely Tyson</a> – Binta (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Uggams" title="Leslie Uggams">Leslie Uggams</a> – Kizzy Reynolds (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Vereen" title="Ben Vereen">Ben Vereen</a> – Chicken George Moore (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waite" title="Ralph Waite">Ralph Waite</a> – Third mate Slater (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_C._Watson" title="William C. Watson">William Watson</a> – Gardner (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren_Woods" class="mw-redirect" title="Ren Woods">Ren Woods</a> – Fanta (2)</li></ul> <p><b>Also appearing</b> </p> <ul><li>Lane Binkley – Martha Johnson (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanya_Boyd" title="Tanya Boyd">Tanya Boyd</a> – Genelva (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Bridges" title="Todd Bridges">Todd Bridges</a> – Bud (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_L._Bush" title="Grand L. Bush">Grand L. Bush</a> – Captured runaway slave (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Collins_(actor)" title="Gary Collins (actor)">Gary Collins</a> – Grill (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cyphers" title="Charles Cyphers">Charles Cyphers</a> – Drake (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thayer_David" title="Thayer David">Thayer David</a> – Harlan (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Farnsworth" title="Richard Farnsworth">Richard Farnsworth</a> – Trumbull (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracey_Gold" title="Tracey Gold">Tracey Gold</a> – Young Missy Reynolds (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brion_James" title="Brion James">Brion James</a> – Slaver (1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rachel_Longaker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rachel Longaker (page does not exist)">Rachel Longaker</a> - Caroline (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macon_McCalman" title="Macon McCalman">Macon McCalman</a> – Poston (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_McKenzie_(actor)" title="Richard McKenzie (actor)">Richard McKenzie</a> – Sam Harvey (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quade" title="John Quade">John Quade</a> – Sheriff Biggs (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxie_Roker" title="Roxie Roker">Roxie Roker</a> – Malizy (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Randolph" title="Lillian Randolph">Lillian Randolph</a> – Sister Sara (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_St._Jacques" title="Raymond St. Jacques">Raymond St. Jacques</a> – Drummer (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Stoker" title="Austin Stoker">Austin Stoker</a> – Virgil (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lee_Thomas" title="Ernest Lee Thomas">Ernest Lee Thomas</a> – Kailuba (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Todd" title="Beverly Todd">Beverly Todd</a> – Older Fanta (1)</li> <li>Zack Fisher as Abraham Lincoln</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Production" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>The miniseries was directed by Marvin J. Chomsky, John Erman, David Greene, and Gilbert Moses. It was produced by Stan Margulies. <a href="/wiki/David_L._Wolper" title="David L. Wolper">David L. Wolper</a> was <a href="/wiki/Executive_producer" title="Executive producer">executive producer</a>. The score was composed by <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Fried" title="Gerald Fried">Gerald Fried</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a> for only the first episode. Many familiar white TV actors, such as <a href="/wiki/Ed_Asner" title="Ed Asner">Ed Asner</a> (from <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mary_Tyler_Moore_Show" title="The Mary Tyler Moore Show">The Mary Tyler Moore Show</a></i>), <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Connors" title="Chuck Connors">Chuck Connors</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Rifleman" title="The Rifleman">The Rifleman</a></i>), <a href="/wiki/Lorne_Greene" title="Lorne Greene">Lorne Greene</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Bonanza" title="Bonanza">Bonanza</a></i> and later <i><a href="/wiki/Battlestar_Galactica_(1978_TV_series)" title="Battlestar Galactica (1978 TV series)">Battlestar Galactica</a></i>), <a href="/wiki/Robert_Reed" title="Robert Reed">Robert Reed</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Brady_Bunch" title="The Brady Bunch">The Brady Bunch</a></i>), and <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waite" title="Ralph Waite">Ralph Waite</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Waltons" title="The Waltons">The Waltons</a></i>) were <a href="/wiki/Playing_against_type" class="mw-redirect" title="Playing against type">cast against type</a> as slave holders and traders. ABC television executives "got cold feet" after seeing the brutality depicted in the series and attempted to cut the network's predicted losses by airing the series over eight consecutive nights in January in one fell swoop.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Broadcast_Communications" title="Museum of Broadcast Communications">Museum of Broadcast Communications</a> recounts the apprehensions that <i>Roots</i> would flop, and how this made ABC prepare the format:<sup id="cite_ref-museum_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-museum-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Familiar television actors like Lorne Greene were chosen for the white, secondary roles, to reassure audiences. The white actors were featured disproportionately in network previews. For the first episode, the writers created a conscience-stricken slave captain (Ed Asner), a figure who did not appear in Haley's novel but was intended to make white audiences feel better about their historical role in the slave trade. Even the show's consecutive-night format allegedly resulted from network apprehensions. ABC programming chief <a href="/wiki/Fred_Silverman" title="Fred Silverman">Fred Silverman</a> hoped that the unusual schedule would cut his network's imminent losses—and get <i>Roots</i> off the air before <a href="/wiki/Sweeps" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweeps">sweeps</a> week. </p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Encyclopedia of Television, Museum of Broadcast Communications</cite></div></blockquote> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Musical_score_and_soundtrack">Musical score and soundtrack</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Musical score and soundtrack" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent haudio"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary album" style="font-style: italic; color: inherit; background-color: gainsboro; font-size: 125%;">Roots: The Saga of an American Family</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header description" style="color: #202122;background-color: gainsboro"><a href="/wiki/Soundtrack_album" title="Soundtrack album">Soundtrack album</a> by <div class="contributor" style="display:inline"><a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Released</th><td class="infobox-data published">February 1977</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Recorded</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist">1977</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Music_genre" title="Music genre">Genre</a></th><td class="infobox-data category hlist"><a href="/wiki/Film_score" title="Film score">Film score</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="duration"><span class="min">27</span>:<span class="s">41</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Record_label" title="Record label">Label</a></th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/A%26M_Records" title="A&M Records">A&M</a><br><small>SP-4626</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Record_producer" title="Record producer">Producer</a></th><td class="infobox-data hlist">Quincy Jones</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header description" style="color: #202122;background-color: gainsboro"><a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a> chronology</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="color:inherit; background: transparent; width: 100%; min-width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; display: inline-table;"> <tbody><tr style="line-height: 1.4em;"> <td style="width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em .1em .2em 0"><i><a href="/wiki/I_Heard_That!!" title="I Heard That!!">I Heard That!!</a></i><br>(1976) </td> <td style="width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em .1em"><i><b>Roots: The Saga of an American Family</b></i><br>(1977) </td> <td style="width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em 0 .2em .1em"><i><a href="/wiki/Sounds...and_Stuff_Like_That!!" title="Sounds...and Stuff Like That!!">Sounds...and Stuff Like That!!</a></i><br>(1978) </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The majority of the miniseries' score, including the main "Mural" theme heard during the opening credits, was by veteran composer <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Fried" title="Gerald Fried">Gerald Fried</a>. <a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a> contributed music for the first episode, however, and he and Fried each earned an Emmy for their work on that installment. </p><p>An album titled <i>Roots: The Saga of an American Family</i>, featuring music from and inspired by the program and re-arranged and conducted by Jones, became a hit for <a href="/wiki/A%26M_Records" title="A&M Records">A&M</a> in 1977. The original soundtrack was released the following year.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable floatright" style="width:24.2em;font-size:88%;text-align:center;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;padding:0;border-spacing:0"><caption style="font-size:115%">Professional ratings</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="col" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;color:#202122;background:#d1dbdf;font-size:100%">Review scores</th></tr><tr><th scope="col">Source</th><th scope="col">Rating</th></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a></td><td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle"><span role="img" style="white-space:nowrap" title="2.5/5 stars"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="2.5/5 stars"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Star_full.svg/11px-Star_full.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="108" data-file-height="110"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Star_full.svg/11px-Star_full.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Star_full.svg/17px-Star_full.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Star_full.svg/22px-Star_full.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span><span typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Star_full.svg/11px-Star_full.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="108" data-file-height="110"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Star_full.svg/11px-Star_full.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Star_full.svg/17px-Star_full.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Star_full.svg/22px-Star_full.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span><span typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Star_half.svg/11px-Star_half.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="108" data-file-height="110"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Star_half.svg/11px-Star_half.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Star_half.svg/17px-Star_half.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Star_half.svg/22px-Star_half.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span><span typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_empty.svg/11px-Star_empty.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="108" data-file-height="110"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_empty.svg/11px-Star_empty.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_empty.svg/17px-Star_empty.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_empty.svg/22px-Star_empty.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span><span typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_empty.svg/11px-Star_empty.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="108" data-file-height="110"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 11px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_empty.svg/11px-Star_empty.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="11" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_empty.svg/17px-Star_empty.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_empty.svg/22px-Star_empty.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-Allmusic_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allmusic-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In explaining the impetus for Jones' version, <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a> critic Richard S. Ginell noted that the composer "has been threatening to write a long tone poem sketching the history of black music for decades now, and he has yet to do it. This project, rushed out in the wake of the 1977 TV miniseries <i>Roots</i>, is about as close as he has come. A brief (28 minutes) immaculately produced and segued suite, <i>Roots</i> quickly traces a timeline from Africa to the Civil War, incorporating ancient and modern African influences (with Letta Mbulu as the featured vocalist), a sea shanty, field hollers and fiddle tunes, snippets of dialogue from <i>Roots</i> actor Lou Gossett, and some Hollywood-style movie cues. ... Though some prominent jazzers turn up in the orchestra, there is not a trace of jazz to be heard. This is a timely souvenir of a cultural phenomenon, but merely a curiosity for jazz fans".<sup id="cite_ref-Allmusic_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allmusic-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Track_listing">Track listing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Track listing" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>All compositions by Quincy Jones except where noted. </p> <ol><li>"Motherland" − 0:29</li> <li>"Roots Mural Theme" (<a href="/wiki/Gerald_Fried" title="Gerald Fried">Gerald Fried</a>) − 2:12</li> <li>"Main Title: Mama Aifambeni" (Quincy Jones, Caiphus Semenya) − 0:59</li> <li>"Behold the Only Thing Greater Than Yourself (Birth)" (Jones, Semenya) − 1:30</li> <li>"Oluwa (Many Rains Ago)" (Jones, Semenya) − 2:28</li> <li>"Boyhood to Manhood" (Jones, Zak Diouf, Bill Summers) − 0:55</li> <li>"The Toubob Is Here! (The Capture)" − 1:01</li> <li>"Middle Passage (Slaveship Crossing)" − 1:15</li> <li>"You in Americuh Now, African" − 0:33</li> <li>"Roots Mural Theme Intro (Slave Auction)" (Fried) − 0:16</li> <li>"Ole Fiddler" (Lou Gossett Jr.) − 1:12</li> <li>"Jumpin' de Broom (Marriage Ceremony)" (Jones, Bobby Bruce) − 0:42</li> <li>"What Can I Do? (Hush, Hush, Somebody's Calling My Name)" (Jones, James Cleveland) − 2:16</li> <li>"Roots Mural Theme Bridge (Plantation Life)" (Fried) − 1:00</li> <li>"Oh Lord, Come By Here" (Jones, Cleveland) − 3:36</li> <li>"Ole Fiddler/Free at Last? (The Civil War)" (Gosset/Jones) − 2:24</li> <li>"Many Rains Ago (Oluwa) [African Theme/English Version]" (Jones, Semenya) − 4:53</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personnel">Personnel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Personnel" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul><li>Conceived, produced, <a href="/wiki/Arrangement" title="Arrangement">arranged</a> and <a href="/wiki/Conducting" title="Conducting">conducted</a> by Quincy Jones</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Bryant_(musician)" title="Bobby Bryant (musician)">Bobby Bryant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Childers" title="Buddy Childers">Buddy Childers</a>, John Audino − <a href="/wiki/Trumpet" title="Trumpet">trumpet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Watrous" title="Bill Watrous">Bill Watrous</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dick_Nash" title="Dick Nash">Dick Nash</a>, Maurice Spear − <a href="/wiki/Trombone" title="Trombone">trombone</a></li> <li>Alan Robinson, David Duke, James Decker − <a href="/wiki/French_horn" title="French horn">French horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Johnson_(tubist)" title="Tommy Johnson (tubist)">Tommy Johnson</a> − <a href="/wiki/Tuba" title="Tuba">tuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Watts" title="Ernie Watts">Ernie Watts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Richardson" title="Jerome Richardson">Jerome Richardson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ted_Nash_(saxophonist,_born_1922)" title="Ted Nash (saxophonist, born 1922)">Ted Nash</a>, Terry Harrington, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Green_(musician)" title="Bill Green (musician)">Bill Green</a> − <a href="/wiki/Woodwind_instrument" title="Woodwind instrument">woodwinds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Grusin" title="Dave Grusin">Dave Grusin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ian_Underwood" title="Ian Underwood">Ian Underwood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Boddicker" title="Michael Boddicker">Mike Boddicker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pete_Jolly" title="Pete Jolly">Pete Jolly</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Tee" title="Richard Tee">Richard Tee</a> − <a href="/wiki/Keyboard_instrument" title="Keyboard instrument">keyboards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_T._Walker" title="David T. Walker">David T. Walker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lee_Ritenour" title="Lee Ritenour">Lee Ritenour</a> − <a href="/wiki/Guitar" title="Guitar">guitar</a></li> <li>Catherine Gotthoffer, Dorothy Remsen − <a href="/wiki/Harp" title="Harp">harp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Hendrickson" title="Al Hendrickson">Al Hendrickson</a> − <a href="/wiki/Banjo" title="Banjo">banjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Rainey" title="Chuck Rainey">Chuck Rainey</a>, Ed Reddick − <a href="/wiki/Electric_bass" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric bass">electric bass</a></li> <li>Arni Egillson, Milt Kestenbaum − <a href="/wiki/Double_bass" title="Double bass">bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Summers_(musician)" title="Bill Summers (musician)">Bill Summers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobbye_Hall" title="Bobbye Hall">Bobbye Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Caiphus_Semenya" title="Caiphus Semenya">Caiphus Semenya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emil_Richards" title="Emil Richards">Emil Richards</a>, King Errison, <a href="/wiki/Milt_Holland" title="Milt Holland">Milt Holland</a>, Paul Bryant, <a href="/wiki/Shelly_Manne" title="Shelly Manne">Shelly Manne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Vig" title="Tommy Vig">Tommy Vig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victor_Feldman" title="Victor Feldman">Victor Feldman</a>, Zak Diouf − <a href="/wiki/Percussion" class="mw-redirect" title="Percussion">percussion</a></li> <li>Bobby Bruce − <a href="/wiki/Fiddle" title="Fiddle">fiddle</a> (track 12)</li> <li>Bobby Bruce, Erno Neufeld, Gerald Vinci, Harry Bluestone, Irv Katz, Janice Gower, John Santulis, Joseph Livoti, Joe Stepansky, Ralph Shaeffer, Bob Sushell, Sheldon Sanov, Bill Nuttycomb − <a href="/wiki/Violin" title="Violin">violin</a></li> <li>Alex Nieman, Marilyn Baker, Bob Ostrowsky, Rollis Dale − <a href="/wiki/Viola" title="Viola">viola</a></li> <li>Jeff Solow, Jesse Erlich, Paul Bergstrom, Ronnie Cooper − <a href="/wiki/Cello" title="Cello">cello</a></li> <li>The Wattsline Choir conducted by Reverend <a href="/wiki/James_Cleveland" title="James Cleveland">James Cleveland</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vocals" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocals">vocals</a> (tracks 3, 5, 8, 13, 15 & 17) <ul><li>Charles May, David Pridgen, Mortonette Jenkins, Rodney Armstrong, Sherwood Sledge</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letta_Mbulu" title="Letta Mbulu">Letta Mbulu</a> − vocals (tracks 3–5 & 17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Gossett" class="mw-redirect" title="Lou Gossett">Lou Gossett</a> − vocals, <a href="/wiki/Dialogue" title="Dialogue">dialogue</a> (tracks 9, 11, & 16)</li> <li>Stan Haze − dialogue (track 10)</li> <li>Zak Diouf − vocals (track 6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Hassilev" title="Alex Hassilev">Alex Hassilev</a> − vocals (track 8)</li> <li>Alexandra Brown, Caiphus Semenya, Deborah Tibbs, Jim Gilstrap, John Lehman, Linda Evans, Paulette McWilliams, Reverend James Cleveland, Stephanie Spruill – vocals</li> <li>Bill Summers, Caiphus Semenya, Dave Grusin, Herb Spencer, John Mandel, Reverend James Cleveland, Dick Hazard, Tommy Bahler – arrangers</li> <li>Tommy Bahler − choir arranger and conductor (tracks 5 & 17)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Charts_and_certifications">Charts and certifications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Charts and certifications" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Chart (1977) </th> <th>Peak<br>position </th></tr> <tr> <td>Australia (<a href="/wiki/Kent_Music_Report" title="Kent Music Report">Kent Music Report</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-aus_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aus-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">68 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Region </th> <th scope="col">Certification</th> <th scope="col" data-sort-type="number"><a href="/wiki/List_of_music_recording_certifications" title="List of music recording certifications">Certified units</a>/sales </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">United States (<a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">RIAA</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-riaa_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riaa-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <td>Gold </td> <td>500,000<sup>^</sup> </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align: center;"> <td colspan="3"> <p><small><sup>^</sup> Shipments figures based on certification alone.</small> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Reception" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <p>The series received positive reviews. Review aggregator website, <i><a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a></i> later rated it 76% "fresh" based on 32 reviews, with the critic's consensus stating "Roots may shave off the nuances of Alex Haley's landmark book for the sake of slicker storytelling, but excellent performances and the intrinsic power of this generational tale make for revelatory television."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a></i> reviewed it positively, summarizing, "The production and performances are strong, with newcomer LeVar Burton effective as the African youngster trapped into slavery. Edward Asner, as he did in <i>Rich Man, Poor Man</i> a year ago, dominates the screen in his opening scenes."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2023, <i>Variety</i> ranked <i>Roots</i> as the #10 greatest TV show of all time.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Historical_accuracy">Historical accuracy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Historical accuracy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Roots:_The_Saga_of_an_American_Family#Historical_accuracy" title="Roots: The Saga of an American Family">Roots: The Saga of an American Family § Historical accuracy</a></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Broadcast_history">Broadcast history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Broadcast history" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Episode_lists">Episode lists</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Episode lists" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><i>Roots</i> originally aired on <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a> for eight consecutive nights from January 23 to 30, 1977. In the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_One" title="BBC One">BBC One</a> aired the series in six parts, starting with parts 1 to 3 over the weekend of April 8 to 11, 1977. The concluding three parts were broadcast on Sunday nights, from April 15 to May 1.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The six-part version screened by the BBC is the version released on home video. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" style="width:15%;">Original run # </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width:15%;"><span class="nowrap">Re-edited</span> version # </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width:15%;">Approximate time period </th> <th colspan="4">Featured Kinte <span class="nowrap">descendant(s)</span> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:10%;">Kunta Kinte </th> <th style="width:10%;">Kizzy </th> <th style="width:10%;">Chicken George </th> <th style="width:10%;">Tom Harvey </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="2">Part I (90m) </td> <td>1750–1767 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="2">Part II (90m) </td> <td>1767–1768 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Part III (45m) </td> <td rowspan="2">Part III (90m) </td> <td>1776 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Part IV (45m) </td> <td>1780–1790 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Part V (45m) </td> <td rowspan="2">Part IV (90m) </td> <td>1806 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td rowspan="2">Part VI (90m) </td> <td>1824 </td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td rowspan="2">Part V (90m) </td> <td>1841–1847 </td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Part VII (45m) </td> <td>1861–1865 </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Part VIII (90m) </td> <td>Part VI (90m) </td> <td>1865–1870 </td> <td></td> <td></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders wikiepisodetable" style="width:100%"><tbody><tr style="color:white;text-align:center"><th scope="col" style="background:#A92519;width:5%;color:white"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr></th><th scope="col" style="background:#A92519;color:white">Title</th><th scope="col" style="background:#A92519;color:white">Directed by</th><th scope="col" style="background:#A92519;color:white">Written by</th><th scope="col" style="background:#A92519;color:white">Original runtime</th><th scope="col" style="background:#A92519;color:white">Original release date</th></tr><tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep1" style="text-align:center">1</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"Part I"</td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/David_Greene_(director)" title="David Greene (director)">David Greene</a></td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/William_Blinn" title="William Blinn">William Blinn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Kinoy" title="Ernest Kinoy">Ernest Kinoy</a></td><td style="text-align:center">2 h</td><td style="text-align:center">January 23, 1977<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1977-01-23</span>)</span></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep2" style="text-align:center">2</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"Part II"</td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/David_Greene_(director)" title="David Greene (director)">David Greene</a> (First Hour)<br><a href="/wiki/John_Erman" title="John Erman">John Erman</a> (Second Hour)</td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Kinoy" title="Ernest Kinoy">Ernest Kinoy</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Blinn" title="William Blinn">William Blinn</a></td><td style="text-align:center">2 h</td><td style="text-align:center">January 24, 1977<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1977-01-24</span>)</span></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep3" style="text-align:center">3</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"Part III"</td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Marvin_J._Chomsky" title="Marvin J. Chomsky">Marvin J. Chomsky</a></td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/James_Lee_(screenwriter)" title="James Lee (screenwriter)">James Lee</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Blinn" title="William Blinn">William Blinn</a></td><td style="text-align:center">1 h</td><td style="text-align:center">January 25, 1977<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1977-01-25</span>)</span></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep4" style="text-align:center">4</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"Part IV"</td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Marvin_J._Chomsky" title="Marvin J. Chomsky">Marvin J. Chomsky</a></td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/James_Lee_(screenwriter)" title="James Lee (screenwriter)">James Lee</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Blinn" title="William Blinn">William Blinn</a></td><td style="text-align:center">1 h</td><td style="text-align:center">January 26, 1977<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1977-01-26</span>)</span></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep5" style="text-align:center">5</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"Part V"</td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Marvin_J._Chomsky" title="Marvin J. Chomsky">Marvin J. Chomsky</a></td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/James_Lee_(screenwriter)" title="James Lee (screenwriter)">James Lee</a></td><td style="text-align:center">1 h</td><td style="text-align:center">January 27, 1977<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1977-01-27</span>)</span></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep6" style="text-align:center">6</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"Part VI"</td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Marvin_J._Chomsky" title="Marvin J. Chomsky">Marvin J. Chomsky</a> (First Hour)<br><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Moses" title="Gilbert Moses">Gilbert Moses</a> (Second Hour)</td><td style="text-align:center">M. Charles Cohen (First Hour)<br><a href="/wiki/James_Lee_(screenwriter)" title="James Lee (screenwriter)">James Lee</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Blinn" title="William Blinn">William Blinn</a> (Second Hour)</td><td style="text-align:center">2 h</td><td style="text-align:center">January 28, 1977<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1977-01-28</span>)</span></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep7" style="text-align:center">7</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"Part VII"</td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Moses" title="Gilbert Moses">Gilbert Moses</a></td><td style="text-align:center">M. Charles Cohen</td><td style="text-align:center">1 h</td><td style="text-align:center">January 29, 1977<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1977-01-29</span>)</span></td></tr> <tr class="vevent module-episode-list-row" style="text-align:center;background:inherit;color:inherit"><th scope="row" rowspan="1" id="ep8" style="text-align:center">8</th><td class="summary" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left">"Part VIII"</td><td style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Marvin_J._Chomsky" title="Marvin J. Chomsky">Marvin J. Chomsky</a></td><td style="text-align:center">M. Charles Cohen</td><td style="text-align:center">2 h</td><td style="text-align:center">January 30, 1977<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1977-01-30</span>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237879425">.mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable tr.vevent,.mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable tr.vevent th{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable .summary{text-align:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .module-episode-list-row small[style]{color:#d5d584!important;background:#333;padding:8px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable span[style^="color"]{color:inherit!important;border-bottom:dotted 1px}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .module-episode-list-row small[style]{color:#d5d584!important;background:#333;padding:8px}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .wikiepisodetable span[style^="color"]{color:inherit!important;border-bottom:dotted 1px}}</style> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.S._television_ratings">U.S. television ratings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: U.S. television ratings" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The miniseries was watched by an estimated 130 million<sup id="cite_ref-time_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-schen_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schen-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tuscaloosa_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tuscaloosa-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 140 million<sup id="cite_ref-pitt_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pitt-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bryan_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bryan-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> viewers total (more than half of the U.S. 1977 population of 221 million—the largest viewership ever attracted by any type of television series in US history as tallied by <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Media_Research" title="Nielsen Media Research">Nielsen Media Research</a>) and averaged a 44.9 rating<sup id="cite_ref-pitt_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pitt-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 66% to 80% viewer share<sup id="cite_ref-pitt_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pitt-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the audience. The final episode was watched by 100 million viewers and an average of 80 million viewers watched each of the last seven episodes.<sup id="cite_ref-museum_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-museum-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eighty-five percent of all television homes saw all or part of the miniseries.<sup id="cite_ref-museum_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-museum-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All episodes rank within the <a href="/wiki/List_of_most_watched_television_broadcasts_in_the_United_States" title="List of most watched television broadcasts in the United States">top-100-rated TV shows of all time</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-top100_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-top100-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" colspan="2">Episode </th> <th colspan="4">Nielsen Ratings </th> <th rowspan="2">Date </th></tr> <tr> <th>All-time ranking </th> <th>Households<br>(millions) </th> <th>Rating </th> <th>Share </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><i>Roots</i> Part I</td> <td style="text-align:center;">#82</td> <td style="text-align:center;">28.84</td> <td style="text-align:center;">40.5</td> <td style="text-align:center;">61%</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001977-01-23-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 23, 1977</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><i>Roots</i> Part II</td> <td style="text-align:center;">#32</td> <td style="text-align:center;">31.40</td> <td style="text-align:center;">44.1</td> <td style="text-align:center;">62%</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001977-01-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 24, 1977</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><i>Roots</i> Part III</td> <td style="text-align:center;">#27</td> <td style="text-align:center;">31.90</td> <td style="text-align:center;">44.8</td> <td style="text-align:center;">68%</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001977-01-25-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 25, 1977</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><i>Roots</i> Part IV</td> <td style="text-align:center;">#35</td> <td style="text-align:center;">31.19</td> <td style="text-align:center;">43.8</td> <td style="text-align:center;">66%</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001977-01-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 26, 1977</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><i>Roots</i> Part V</td> <td style="text-align:center;">#21</td> <td style="text-align:center;">32.54</td> <td style="text-align:center;">45.7</td> <td style="text-align:center;">71%</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001977-01-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 27, 1977</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><i>Roots</i> Part VI</td> <td style="text-align:center;">#18</td> <td style="text-align:center;">32.68</td> <td style="text-align:center;">45.9</td> <td style="text-align:center;">66%</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001977-01-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 28, 1977</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><i>Roots</i> Part VII</td> <td style="text-align:center;">#50</td> <td style="text-align:center;">30.12</td> <td style="text-align:center;">42.3</td> <td style="text-align:center;">65%</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001977-01-29-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 29, 1977</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><i>Roots</i> Part VIII</td> <td style="text-align:center;">#3</td> <td style="text-align:center;">36.38</td> <td style="text-align:center;">51.1</td> <td style="text-align:center;">71%</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001977-01-30-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 30, 1977</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>On February 16–18, 2013, in honor of <a href="/wiki/Black_History_Month" title="Black History Month">Black History Month</a> and the 36th anniversary of <i>Roots</i>, cable network <a href="/wiki/BET" title="BET">BET</a> aired both <i>Roots</i> and its sequel miniseries, <i><a href="/wiki/Roots:_The_Next_Generations" title="Roots: The Next Generations">Roots: The Next Generations</a></i>. Celebrating the 35th anniversary of <i>Roots</i>, BET premiered the miniseries on a three-day-weekend showing in December 2012, which resulted in its being seen by a total of 10.8 million viewers, according to <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_ratings" class="mw-redirect" title="Nielsen ratings">Nielsen ratings</a>, and became the number-one <i>Roots</i> telecast in cable-television history. As for the BET network, its 35th-anniversary airing of <i>Roots</i> became its best "non-tentpole" weekend in the network's history. On Sunday, October 18, 2015, <a href="/wiki/TV_One_(American_TV_channel)" title="TV One (American TV channel)">TV One</a> rebroadcast <i>Roots</i> in high definition. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Home_media">Home media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Home media" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <p>Warner Home Video, which released a three-disc 25th-anniversary DVD edition of the series in 2002,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> released a four-disc (three double-sided, one single-sided) 30th-anniversary set on May 22, 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bonus features include a new <a href="/wiki/Audio_commentary" title="Audio commentary">audio commentary</a> by LeVar Burton, Cicely Tyson and Ed Asner, among other key cast members, "Remembering Roots" behind-the-scenes documentary, "Crossing Over: How Roots Captivated an Entire Nation" featurette,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> new interviews with key cast members and the DVD-ROM "Roots Family Tree" feature.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, Warner released a 40th anniversary <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray_Disc" class="mw-redirect" title="Blu-ray Disc">Blu-ray</a>, restoring the eight-episode format, completely remastered from the original elements.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The miniseries has also been released in the <a href="/wiki/Digital_distribution" title="Digital distribution">digital format</a> for streaming, although in the edited six-episode format. </p><p><i>Roots</i> is not available on <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Discovery" title="Warner Bros. Discovery">Warner Bros. Discovery</a>'s streaming service, <a href="/wiki/Max_(streaming_service)" title="Max (streaming service)">Max</a>. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Awards_and_nominations">Awards and nominations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Awards and nominations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accolades">Accolades</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Accolades" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Year </th> <th scope="col">Award </th> <th scope="col">Category </th> <th scope="col">Nominee(s) </th> <th scope="col">Result </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable"><abbr title="Reference(s)">Ref.</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="39">1977 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/35th_Golden_Globe_Awards" title="35th Golden Globe Awards">Golden Globe Awards</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Television_Series_%E2%80%93_Drama" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Drama">Best Series – Drama</a> </td> <td><i>Roots</i> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Actress_%E2%80%93_Television_Series_Drama" title="Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama">Best Actress – Drama Series</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Uggams" title="Leslie Uggams">Leslie Uggams</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="37"><a href="/wiki/29th_Primetime_Emmy_Awards" title="29th Primetime Emmy Awards">Primetime Emmy Awards</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Limited_or_Anthology_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Limited or Anthology Series">Outstanding Limited Series</a> </td> <td><i>Roots</i> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td> <td rowspan="37" style="text-align: center;"><sup id="cite_ref-Winners/Nominees_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winners/Nominees-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Directing_for_a_Drama_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series">Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Greene_(director)" title="David Greene (director)">David Greene</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part I")</span> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marvin_J._Chomsky" title="Marvin J. Chomsky">Marvin J. Chomsky</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part III")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Erman" title="John Erman">John Erman</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part II")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Moses" title="Gilbert Moses">Gilbert Moses</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part VI")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Writing_for_a_Drama_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series">Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Kinoy" title="Ernest Kinoy">Ernest Kinoy</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Blinn" title="William Blinn">William Blinn</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part II")</span> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>M. Charles Cohen <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part VIII")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Lee_(screenwriter)" title="James Lee (screenwriter)">James Lee</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part V")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Guest_Actor_in_a_Drama_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series">Outstanding Lead Actor for a Single Appearance in a Drama or Comedy Series</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louis_Gossett_Jr." title="Louis Gossett Jr.">Louis Gossett Jr.</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part IV")</span> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Amos" title="John Amos">John Amos</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part V")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/LeVar_Burton" title="LeVar Burton">LeVar Burton</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part I")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ben_Vereen" title="Ben Vereen">Ben Vereen</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part VI")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Guest_Actress_in_a_Drama_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series">Outstanding Lead Actress for a Single Appearance in a Drama or Comedy Series</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Madge_Sinclair" title="Madge Sinclair">Madge Sinclair</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part IV")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Uggams" title="Leslie Uggams">Leslie Uggams</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part VI")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Guest_Actor_in_a_Drama_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series">Outstanding Single Performance by a Supporting Actor in a Comedy or Drama Series</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ed_Asner" title="Ed Asner">Ed Asner</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part I")</span> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Moses_Gunn" title="Moses Gunn">Moses Gunn</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part I")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Reed" title="Robert Reed">Robert Reed</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part V")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waite" title="Ralph Waite">Ralph Waite</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part I")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Guest_Actress_in_a_Drama_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series">Outstanding Single Performance by a Supporting Actress in a Comedy or Drama Series</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olivia_Cole" title="Olivia Cole">Olivia Cole</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part VIII")</span> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Duncan" title="Sandy Duncan">Sandy Duncan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part V")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cicely_Tyson" title="Cicely Tyson">Cicely Tyson</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part I")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Outstanding Art Direction or Scenic Design for a Drama Series </td> <td>Solomon Brewer and Joseph R. Jennings </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>Charles C. Bennett and Jan Scott </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Cinematography_for_a_Single-Camera_Series_(One_Hour)" class="mw-redirect" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Cinematography for a Single-Camera Series (One Hour)">Outstanding Cinematography for a Series</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stevan_Larner" title="Stevan Larner">Stevan Larner</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part II")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>Joseph M. Wilcots <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part VII")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Costumes_for_a_Series" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Costumes for a Series">Outstanding Achievement in Costume Design for a Drama or Comedy Series</a> </td> <td>Jack Martell <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part I")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Music_Composition_for_a_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Composition for a Series">Outstanding Achievement in Music Composition for a Series (Dramatic Underscore)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Fried" title="Gerald Fried">Gerald Fried</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part I")</span> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Fried" title="Gerald Fried">Gerald Fried</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part VIII")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Single-Camera_Picture_Editing_for_a_Drama_Series" class="mw-redirect" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Drama Series">Outstanding Film Editing for a Drama Series</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Neil_Travis" title="Neil Travis">Neil Travis</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part I")</span> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>James T. Heckert <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part II")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>Peter Kirby <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part III")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Neil_Travis" title="Neil Travis">Neil Travis</a> and James T. Heckert <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part VIII")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Sound_Editing_for_a_Comedy_or_Drama_Series_(One-Hour)" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Sound Editing for a Comedy or Drama Series (One-Hour)">Outstanding Achievement in Film Sound Editing</a> </td> <td>Larry Carow, George Fredrick, Colin Mouat, Larry Neiman, Dave Pettijohn, Paul Bruce Richardson, Don Warner <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part II")</span> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Sound_Mixing_for_a_Limited_or_Anthology_Series_or_Movie" title="Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie">Outstanding Achievement in Film Sound Mixing</a> </td> <td>Richard Portman, David M. Ronne, Don MacDougall, Curly Thirlwell <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part I")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>Willie D. Burton, George Porter, Eddie Nelson, Robert L. Harman <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part IV")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hoppy Mehterian, George Porter, Eddie Nelson, Arnold Braun <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part VII")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>George Porter, Eddie Nelson, Robert L. Harman, Arnold Braun <span style="font-size:85%;">(for "Part VIII")</span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr></tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Remake">Remake</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Remake" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Roots_(2016_miniseries)" title="Roots (2016 miniseries)">Roots (2016 miniseries)</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/History_(American_TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="History (American TV network)">History</a> channel produced a <a href="/wiki/Remake" title="Remake">remake</a> of the miniseries after acquiring rights from <a href="/wiki/David_L._Wolper" title="David L. Wolper">David L. Wolper</a>'s son, Mark Wolper, and Haley's estate. The new eight-hour miniseries, with Mark Wolper as executive producer, drew on Haley's novel and the original miniseries albeit from a contemporary perspective.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was additionally simulcast on <a href="/wiki/Lifetime_(TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lifetime (TV network)">Lifetime</a> and <a href="/wiki/A%26E_(TV_network)" title="A&E (TV network)">A&E</a>. <a href="/wiki/Will_Packer" title="Will Packer">Will Packer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marc_Toberoff" title="Marc Toberoff">Marc Toberoff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Konner" title="Lawrence Konner">Lawrence Konner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Rosenthal_(screenwriter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Rosenthal (screenwriter)">Mark Rosenthal</a> also serve as executive producers, with LeVar Burton and Korin Huggins as co-executive producers.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The four-night event series premiered on <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Day" title="Memorial Day">Memorial Day</a>, May 30, 2016. The ensemble cast includes <a href="/wiki/Forest_Whitaker" title="Forest Whitaker">Forest Whitaker</a> as Fiddler, <a href="/wiki/Anna_Paquin" title="Anna Paquin">Anna Paquin</a> as Nancy Holt, <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Rhys_Meyers" title="Jonathan Rhys Meyers">Jonathan Rhys Meyers</a> as Tom Lea, <a href="/wiki/Anika_Noni_Rose" title="Anika Noni Rose">Anika Noni Rose</a> as Kizzy, <a href="/wiki/T.I." title="T.I.">Tip "T.I." Harris</a> as Cyrus, <a href="/wiki/Emayatzy_Corinealdi" title="Emayatzy Corinealdi">Emayatzy Corinealdi</a> as Bell, <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Goode" title="Matthew Goode">Matthew Goode</a> as Dr. William Waller, <a href="/wiki/Mekhi_Phifer" title="Mekhi Phifer">Mekhi Phifer</a> as Jerusalem, <a href="/wiki/James_Purefoy" title="James Purefoy">James Purefoy</a> as John Waller, introduces <a href="/wiki/Reg%C3%A9-Jean_Page" title="Regé-Jean Page">Regé-Jean Page</a> as Chicken George and <a href="/wiki/Malachi_Kirby" title="Malachi Kirby">Malachi Kirby</a> as <a href="/wiki/Kunta_Kinte" title="Kunta Kinte">Kunta Kinte</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Fishburne" title="Laurence Fishburne">Laurence Fishburne</a> as <a href="/wiki/Alex_Haley" title="Alex Haley">Alex Haley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <ul><li>For events that occur in 1775, see <i><a href="/wiki/Roots:_The_Gift" title="Roots: The Gift">Roots: The Gift</a></i></li> <li>For events that occur from the late 19th century into the 20th century, see <i><a href="/wiki/Roots:_The_Next_Generations" title="Roots: The Next Generations">Roots: The Next Generations</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_slavery" title="List of films featuring slavery">List of films featuring slavery</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Behold_(statue)" title="Behold (statue)">Behold</a></i>, 1990 statue</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-budget2-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-budget2_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=t0MzAAAAIBAJ&dq=cost%20abc%20%246%20million%20and%20ran%2012%20hours&pg=5309%2C265933">"New Roots series expected to yield big bucks for ABC"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Citizen" title="Ottawa Citizen">Ottawa Citizen</a></i>. February 20, 1979. p. 54<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ottawa+Citizen&rft.atitle=New+Roots+series+expected+to+yield+big+bucks+for+ABC&rft.pages=54&rft.date=1979-02-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3Dt0MzAAAAIBAJ%26dq%3Dcost%2520abc%2520%25246%2520million%2520and%2520ran%252012%2520hours%26pg%3D5309%252C265933&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoots+%281977+miniseries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-budget1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-budget1_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCourtis1979" class="citation news cs1">Courtis, Brian (February 19, 1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QdoQAAAAIBAJ&dq=roots%20the%20next%20generations%20ratings&pg=4550%2C1703582">"Roots...Second Time Around"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Age" title="The Age">The Age</a></i>. p. 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 25,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Age&rft.atitle=Roots...Second+Time+Around&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1979-02-19&rft.aulast=Courtis&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DQdoQAAAAIBAJ%26dq%3Droots%2520the%2520next%2520generations%2520ratings%26pg%3D4550%252C1703582&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoots+%281977+miniseries%29" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120919181719/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/03/21/top-100-rated-tv-shows-of-all-time/14922/">"Top 100 Rated TV Shows of All Time, TV By the Numbers"</a>. Tvbythenumbers.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tvbythenumbers.com/2009/03/21/top-100-rated-tv-shows-of-all-time/14922">the original</a> on September 19, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 17,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+100+Rated+TV+Shows+of+All+Time%2C+TV+By+the+Numbers&rft.pub=Tvbythenumbers.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftvbythenumbers.com%2F2009%2F03%2F21%2Ftop-100-rated-tv-shows-of-all-time%2F14922&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoots+%281977+miniseries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHyatt2012" class="citation book cs1">Hyatt, Wesley (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110326163815/http://www.mcfarlandpub.com/book-2.php?id=978-0-7864-4891-3"><i>Television's Top 100</i></a>. US: McFarland. p. 167. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-4891-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-4891-3"><bdi>978-0-7864-4891-3</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mcfarlandbooks.com/product/televisions-top-100/">the original</a> on March 26, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 19,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Television%27s+Top+100&rft.place=US&rft.pages=167&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-4891-3&rft.aulast=Hyatt&rft.aufirst=Wesley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmcfarlandbooks.com%2Fproduct%2Ftelevisions-top-100%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoots+%281977+miniseries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas2014" class="citation book cs1">Thomas, Griselda (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W42dAwAAQBAJ&pg=RA1-PA49">"The Influence of Malcolm X and Islam on Black Identity"</a>. <i>Muslims and American Popular Culture</i>. <a href="/wiki/ABC-CLIO" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">48–</span>49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313379635" title="Special:BookSources/9780313379635"><bdi>9780313379635</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Influence+of+Malcolm+X+and+Islam+on+Black+Identity&rft.btitle=Muslims+and+American+Popular+Culture&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E48-%3C%2Fspan%3E49&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780313379635&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Griselda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW42dAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DRA1-PA49&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoots+%281977+miniseries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHasan2002" class="citation book cs1">Hasan, Asma Gull (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ncTEcoynNr0C&pg=PA14">"Islam and Slavery in Early American History: The <i>Roots</i> Story"</a>. <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanmuslimsn00hasa/page/14"><i>American Muslims: The New Generation Second Edition</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/A%26C_Black" class="mw-redirect" title="A&C Black">A&C Black</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanmuslimsn00hasa/page/14">14</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780826414168" title="Special:BookSources/9780826414168"><bdi>9780826414168</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Islam+and+Slavery+in+Early+American+History%3A+The+Roots+Story&rft.btitle=American+Muslims%3A+The+New+Generation+Second+Edition&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780826414168&rft.aulast=Hasan&rft.aufirst=Asma+Gull&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DncTEcoynNr0C%26pg%3DPA14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoots+%281977+miniseries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernstein2016" class="citation news cs1">Bernstein, Jonathan (May 31, 2016). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/tv/2016/05/31/roots-episode-1-review-brit-actor-malachi-kirby-is-astonishing-i/">"Roots, episode 1, review: 'Brit actor Malachi Kirby is exceptional in this powerful remake'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a></span>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/tv/2016/05/31/roots-episode-1-review-brit-actor-malachi-kirby-is-astonishing-i/">Archived</a> from the original on January 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Roots%2C+episode+1%2C+review%3A+%27Brit+actor+Malachi+Kirby+is+exceptional+in+this+powerful+remake%27&rft.date=2016-05-31&rft.aulast=Bernstein&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ftv%2F2016%2F05%2F31%2Froots-episode-1-review-brit-actor-malachi-kirby-is-astonishing-i%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoots+%281977+miniseries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-museum-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-museum_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-museum_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-museum_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHorace_Newcomb" class="citation web cs1">Horace Newcomb (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+100+Rated+TV+Shows+of+All+Time&rft.date=2009-05-21&rft.aulast=Gorman&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftvbythenumbers.com%2F2009%2F03%2F21%2Ftop-100-rated-tv-shows-of-all-time%2F14922&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoots+%281977+miniseries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305024447/https://library.uoregon.edu/sites/default/files/data/guides/english/television_almanac.pdf">"Nielsen Ratings: Top Programs of 1990-91"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>University of Oregon</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&rft.atitle=A+new+generation+returns+to+Roots%2C+Alex+Haley%27s+history-making+slavery+saga&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.superseventies.com%2Fextra_07_6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoots+%281977+miniseries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFields2007" class="citation news cs1">Fields, Curt (October 5, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/04/AR2007100400834.html">"30 Years Later, 'Roots' Remains a Stirring Story"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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April 20, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shadow+and+Act&rft.atitle=For+the+First+Time%2C+Remastered+HD+%27Roots%3A+The+Complete+Original+Series%27+Coming+to+Blu-Ray+%2B+Digital+HD&rft.date=2017-04-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshadowandact.com%2Ffor-the-first-time-remastered-hd-roots-the-complete-original-series-coming-to-blu-ray-digital-hd%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoots+%281977+miniseries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFObenson2016" class="citation web cs1">Obenson, Tambay A. (March 1, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161016183042/https://www.indiewire.com/2016/03/for-the-first-time-remastered-hd-roots-the-complete-original-series-coming-to-blu-ray-digital-hd-154867/">"For the First Time, Remastered HD 'Roots: The Complete Original Series' Coming to Blu-Ray + Digital HD"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IndieWire" title="IndieWire">IndieWire</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiewire.com/2016/03/for-the-first-time-remastered-hd-roots-the-complete-original-series-coming-to-blu-ray-digital-hd-154867/">the original</a> on October 16, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IndieWire&rft.atitle=For+the+First+Time%2C+Remastered+HD+%27Roots%3A+The+Complete+Original+Series%27+Coming+to+Blu-Ray+%2B+Digital+HD&rft.date=2016-03-01&rft.aulast=Obenson&rft.aufirst=Tambay+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiewire.com%2F2016%2F03%2Ffor-the-first-time-remastered-hd-roots-the-complete-original-series-coming-to-blu-ray-digital-hd-154867%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoots+%281977+miniseries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Winners/Nominees-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Winners/Nominees_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1977">Emmys.com list of 1977 Nominees & Winners</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndreeva2013" class="citation web cs1">Andreeva, Nellie (November 5, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2013/11/roots-ramake-history-channel-miniseries-627397/">"History To Remake Iconic 'Roots' Miniseries"</a>. <i>Deadline</i>. PMC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deadline&rft.atitle=History+To+Remake+Iconic+%27Roots%27+Miniseries&rft.date=2013-11-05&rft.aulast=Andreeva&rft.aufirst=Nellie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2013%2F11%2Froots-ramake-history-channel-miniseries-627397%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoots+%281977+miniseries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndreeva2015" class="citation magazine cs1">Andreeva, Nellie (April 30, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2015/04/roots-event-serie-history-ae-lifetime-will-packer-levar-burton-1201418639/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Roots' Remake Set For History, A&E, Lifetime; Will Packer, LeVar Burton Produce"</a>. <i>Deadline</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Blackfilm.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blackfilm.com/read/2016/02/historys-roots-set-to-premiere-memorial-day-2016%e2%80%8f/">the original</a> on November 27, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HISTORY%27s+%22Roots%22+Set+to+Premiere+Memorial+Day+2016+%26%23124%3B+blackfilm.com%2Fread&rft.pub=Blackfilm.com&rft.au=wilsonmorales&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackfilm.com%2Fread%2F2016%2F02%2Fhistorys-roots-set-to-premiere-memorial-day-2016%25e2%2580%258f%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoots+%281977+miniseries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button 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data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&oldid=1275805626">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&oldid=1275805626</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Roots_(1977_miniseries)&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="2800:810:454:BFB:1D42:ADC5:B8E7:A945" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1739595707"> <span>Last edited on 15 February 2025, at 05:01</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%B1_(%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84_%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1_1977)" title="الجذور (مسلسل قصير 1977) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الجذور (مسلسل قصير 1977)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roots_(minis%C3%A8rie_de_1977)" title="Roots (minisèrie de 1977) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Roots (minisèrie de 1977)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%C5%99eny_(seri%C3%A1l,_1977)" title="Kořeny (seriál, 1977) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kořeny (seriál, 1977)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B8dder_(tv-serie)" title="Rødder (tv-serie) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rødder (tv-serie)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roots_(Fernsehserie)" title="Roots (Fernsehserie) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Roots (Fernsehserie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C3%ADces_(miniserie)" title="Raíces (miniserie) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Raíces (miniserie)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roots_(televida_serio,_1977)" title="Roots (televida serio, 1977) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Roots (televida serio, 1977)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roots_(telesaila)" title="Roots (telesaila) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Roots (telesaila)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7_(%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%87_%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B7%DB%B7)" title="ریشه‌ها (مجموعه تلویزیونی ۱۹۷۷) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ریشه‌ها (مجموعه تلویزیونی ۱۹۷۷)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racines_(mini-s%C3%A9rie,_1977)" title="Racines (mini-série, 1977) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Racines (mini-série, 1977)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%BF%8C%EB%A6%AC_(1977%EB%85%84_%EB%93%9C%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%88)" title="뿌리 (1977년 드라마) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뿌리 (1977년 드라마)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radici_(miniserie_televisiva_1977)" title="Radici (miniserie televisiva 1977) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Radici (miniserie televisiva 1977)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9D_(%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%96%D7%99%D7%94)" title="שורשים (סדרת טלוויזיה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שורשים (סדרת טלוויזיה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B3_(1977)" title="روتس (1977) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روتس (1977)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roots_(1977)" title="Roots (1977) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Roots (1977)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%84_(%E3%83%86%E3%83%AC%E3%83%93%E3%83%89%E3%83%A9%E3%83%9E)" title="ルーツ (テレビドラマ) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルーツ (テレビドラマ)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B8tter_(TV-serie)" title="Røtter (TV-serie) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Røtter (TV-serie)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korzenie_(miniserial_1977)" title="Korzenie (miniserial 1977) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Korzenie (miniserial 1977)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C3%ADzes_(teless%C3%A9rie)" title="Raízes (telessérie) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Raízes (telessérie)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB,_1977)" title="Корни (мини-сериал, 1977) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Корни (мини-сериал, 1977)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roots_(TV_miniseries)" title="Roots (TV miniseries) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Roots (TV miniseries)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_(%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Корени (мини-серија) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Корени (мини-серија)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roots_(miniserija,_1977)" title="Roots (miniserija, 1977) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Roots (miniserija, 1977)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juuret_(televisiosarja)" title="Juuret (televisiosarja) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Juuret (televisiosarja)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6tter_(TV-serie)" title="Rötter (TV-serie) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rötter (TV-serie)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roots_(1977_mini_dizisi)" title="Roots (1977 mini dizisi) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Roots (1977 mini dizisi)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%B9%D8%B3_(%D9%B9%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84_1977)" title="روٹس (ٹی وی سیریل 1977) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="روٹس (ٹی وی سیریل 1977)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B9_(1977%E5%B9%B4%E8%BF%B7%E4%BD%A0%E5%89%A7%E9%9B%86)" title="根 (1977年迷你剧集) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="根 (1977年迷你剧集)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 15 February 2025, at 05:01<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About 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