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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">国民生产总值</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。53种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruto_nasionale_produk" title="Bruto nasionale produk – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bruto nasionale produk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Producto_Nacional_Bruto" title="Producto Nacional Bruto – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Producto Nacional Bruto" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AC_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="ناتج قومي إجمالي – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ناتج قومي إجمالي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Cmumi_milli_m%C9%99hsul" title="Ümumi milli məhsul – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ümumi milli məhsul" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Брутен национален продукт – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Брутен национален продукт" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produadur_Broadel_Kriz" title="Produadur Broadel Kriz – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Produadur Broadel Kriz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF_%CE%B5%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8A%CF%8C%CE%BD" title="Ακαθάριστο εθνικό προϊόν – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ακαθάριστο εθνικό προϊόν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_national_product" title="Gross national product – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Gross national product" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malneta_Nacia_Produkto" title="Malneta Nacia Produkto – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Malneta Nacia Produkto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Producto_nacional_bruto" title="Producto nacional bruto – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Producto nacional bruto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahvamajanduse_kogutoodang" title="Rahvamajanduse kogutoodang – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rahvamajanduse kogutoodang" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazio-produktu_gordin" title="Nazio-produktu gordin – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nazio-produktu gordin" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C" title="تولید ناخالص ملی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تولید ناخالص ملی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produit_national_brut" title="Produit national brut – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Produit national brut" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%99" title="תוצר לאומי גולמי – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תוצר לאומי גולמי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="सकल राष्ट्रीय उत्पाद – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सकल राष्ट्रीय उत्पाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruto_dru%C5%A1tveni_proizvod" title="Bruto društveni proizvod – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bruto društveni proizvod" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brutt%C3%B3_nemzeti_term%C3%A9k" title="Bruttó nemzeti termék – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bruttó nemzeti termék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D6%84" title="Համախառն ազգային արդյունք – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Համախառն ազգային արդյունք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produk_nasional_bruto" title="Produk nasional bruto – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Produk nasional bruto" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Ej%C3%B3%C3%B0arframlei%C3%B0sla" title="Þjóðarframleiðsla – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Þjóðarframleiðsla" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prodotto_nazionale_lordo" title="Prodotto nazionale lordo – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Prodotto nazionale lordo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%B7%8F%E7%94%9F%E7%94%A3" title="国民総生産 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="国民総生産" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%97%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="მთლიანი ეროვნული პროდუქტი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მთლიანი ეროვნული პროდუქტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BF%D1%8B_%D2%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D3%A8%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BC" title="Жалпы Ұлттық Өнім – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жалпы Ұлттық Өнім" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EB%AF%BC_%EC%B4%9D%EC%83%9D%EC%82%B0" title="국민 총생산 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="국민 총생산" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%96%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%81_%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%89_%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B0_%E0%BA%9C%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%9C%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%94_%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AB%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94" title="ບັນທັດຖານວັດແທກ ລາຍໄດ້ ແລະ ຜົນຜະລິດ ແຫ່ງຊາດ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ບັນທັດຖານວັດແທກ ລາຍໄດ້ ແລະ ຜົນຜະລິດ ແຫ່ງຊາດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bendrasis_nacionalinis_produktas" title="Bendrasis nacionalinis produktas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bendrasis nacionalinis produktas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacion%C4%81lais_kopprodukts" title="Nacionālais kopprodukts – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nacionālais kopprodukts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE-%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Бруто-општествен производ – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бруто-општествен производ" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4_%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AF_%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="മൊത്ത ദേശീയ ഉത്പാദനം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മൊത്ത ദേശീയ ഉത്പാദനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%B1%D2%AF%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%85%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD" title="Үндэсний нийт бүтээгдэхүүн – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Үндэсний нийт бүтээгдэхүүн" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keluaran_negara_kasar" title="Keluaran negara kasar – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Keluaran negara kasar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruto_nationaal_product" title="Bruto nationaal product – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bruto nationaal product" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਕੁੱਲ ਕੌਮੀ ਪੈਦਾਵਾਰ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੁੱਲ ਕੌਮੀ ਪੈਦਾਵਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produkt_narodowy_brutto" title="Produkt narodowy brutto – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Produkt narodowy brutto" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="خام قومی پیداوار – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="خام قومی پیداوار" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produto_nacional_bruto" title="Produto nacional bruto – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Produto nacional bruto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produs_na%C8%9Bional_brut" title="Produs național brut – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Produs național brut" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Валовой национальный продукт – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Валовой национальный продукт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruto_dru%C5%A1tveni_proizvod" title="Bruto društveni proizvod – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bruto društveni proizvod" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_national_product" title="Gross national product – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gross national product" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Бруто национални производ – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бруто национални производ" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF" title="மொத்த தேசிய உற்பத்தி – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மொத்த தேசிய உற்பத்தி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8" title="มาตรรายรับและผลผลิตของประเทศ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มาตรรายรับและผลผลิตของประเทศ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabuuang_pambansang_produkto" title="Kabuuang pambansang produkto – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kabuuang pambansang produkto" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gayrisafi_mill%C3%AE_has%C4%B1la" title="Gayrisafi millî hasıla – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gayrisafi millî hasıla" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Тулаем милли продукт – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тулаем милли продукт" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Валовий національний продукт – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Валовий національний продукт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="خام قومی پیداوار – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خام قومی پیداوار" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%95ng_s%E1%BA%A3n_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia" title="Tổng sản lượng quốc gia – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tổng sản lượng quốc gia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabug-osan_nga_produkto_han_nasod" title="Kabug-osan nga produkto han nasod – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kabug-osan nga produkto han nasod" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ედომუშამი ერუანული პროდუქტი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ედომუშამი ერუანული პროდუქტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q182859#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" rel="discussion" 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.ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Antistub.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Antistub.svg/44px-Antistub.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Antistub.svg/66px-Antistub.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Antistub.svg/88px-Antistub.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要擴充。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2018年3月31日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请協助<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC&action=edit">改善这篇條目</a>，更進一步的信息可能會在<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="Talk:国民生产总值">討論頁</a>或<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%89%A9%E5%85%85%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82" title="Wikipedia:扩充请求">扩充请求</a>中找到。请在擴充條目後將此模板移除。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-2d1d714f" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-title" data-noteta-code="zh-hans:国民生产总值;zh-tw:國民生產毛額; zh-hk: 國民生產總值"></div><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Economics"></div></div><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-hans:国民生产总值;zh-tw:國民生產毛額; zh-hk: 國民生產總值"></div></div></div> <p><b>国民生产总值</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Gross National Product</span>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB" title="縮寫">縮寫</a>：<span lang="en">GNP</span>），台湾亦称<b>国民生产毛额</b>，在描述地区性生产时称<b>本地居民生产总值</b>或<b>地区居民生产总值</b>，即某一区域公民一年内所生产的最终产品（包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="劳务">劳务</a>）的市场价值的总和，是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E6%94%B6%E5%85%A5" title="國民收入">国民收入</a>核算中最重要的组成部分。 </p><p>國民生產毛額一詞已逐漸被概念相近的<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E6%89%80%E5%BE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="國民所得">國民所得</a></b>取代，其計算方式也隨之改變。 </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="经济学">经济学</a>上，由于不同角度，对国民生产总值的计算方式也有多种。如： </p> <ul><li>产品流动法（<span lang="en">Flow of Product Approach</span>）</li> <li>所得收入法（<span lang="en">Earnings or Income Approach</span>）</li> <li>部门法（<span lang="en">Sector Approach</span>）</li></ul> <p>从理论上说，上述3种方式最后统计得出的结果应该是一致的。现在国际上计算國民生產總值的通行方法为FPA，并将它得出的数据作为标准。 </p><p>计算公式：Q<sub>1</sub>·P<sub>1</sub>＋Q<sub>2</sub>·P<sub>2</sub>＋……＋Q<sub>n</sub>·P<sub>n</sub> ＝國民生產總值 </p><p>其中： </p> <ul><li>Q代表各种劳务与最终产品（<span lang="en"><i>Final Products</i></span>），即不包括生产各环节中重复计算的部分。</li> <li>P代表劳务与最终产品的价格。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="国内生产总值">国内生产总值</a>（GDP）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%80%BB%E6%94%B6%E5%85%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="国民总收入">国民总收入</a>（GNI）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censtatd.gov.hk/hong_kong_statistics/key_economic_and_social_indicators/index_tc.jsp#gnp">香港政府統計處 - 最新本地居民生產總值</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080916141031/http://www.censtatd.gov.hk/hong_kong_statistics/key_economic_and_social_indicators/index_tc.jsp#gnp">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%80%BB%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="加总问题">加总问题</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%84%E7%AE%97%E9%9B%86" title="预算集">预算集</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E8%B4%B9%E8%80%85%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="消费者理论">消费者理论</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="凸性 (經濟學)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Convexity in economics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%B8%E6%80%A7_(%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="凸性 (經濟學)（页面不存在）">凸性 (經濟學)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convexity_in_economics" class="extiw" title="en:Convexity in economics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Convexity in economics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC" title="經濟成本">經濟成本</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="平均成本" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Average cost"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B3%E5%9D%87%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="平均成本（页面不存在）">平均成本</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Average_cost" class="extiw" title="en:Average cost"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Average cost</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B9%E9%99%85%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC" title="边际成本">边际成本</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E4%BC%9A%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC" title="机会成本">机会成本</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社會成本" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Social cost"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC" title="社会成本">社會成本</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_cost" class="extiw" title="en:Social cost"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Social cost</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%89%E6%B2%A1%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC" title="沉没成本">沉没成本</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC" title="交易成本">交易成本</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="損益分析" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cost–benefit analysis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%90%8D%E7%9B%8A%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="損益分析（页面不存在）">損益分析</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost%E2%80%93benefit_analysis" class="extiw" title="en:Cost–benefit analysis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cost–benefit analysis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E8%B0%93%E6%8D%9F%E5%A4%B1" title="无谓损失">无谓损失</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="分配" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Distribution (economics)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E9%85%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分配（页面不存在）">分配</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribution_(economics)" class="extiw" title="en:Distribution (economics)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Distribution (economics)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%84%E6%A8%A1%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="规模经济">规模经济</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="範圍經濟" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economies of scope"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%84%E5%9C%8D%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="範圍經濟（页面不存在）">範圍經濟</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economies_of_scope" class="extiw" title="en:Economies of scope"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economies of scope</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B9%E6%80%A7_(%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6)" title="弹性 (经济学)">弹性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%9D%87%E8%A1%A1" title="經濟均衡">經濟均衡</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E8%88%AC%E5%9D%87%E8%A1%A1%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="一般均衡理论">一般均衡理论</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E9%83%A8%E6%80%A7" title="外部性">外部性</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="企业理论" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Theory of the firm"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%81%E4%B8%9A%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="企业理论（页面不存在）">企业理论</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_the_firm" class="extiw" title="en:Theory of the firm"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Theory of the firm</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="商品与服务" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Goods and services"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%95%86%E5%93%81%E4%B8%8E%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="商品与服务（页面不存在）">商品与服务</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goods_and_services" class="extiw" title="en:Goods and services"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Goods and services</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E5%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="商品">商品</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" title="服务">服务</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E5%B7%AE%E5%BC%82%E6%9B%B2%E7%BA%BF" title="无差异曲线">无差异曲线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%81%AF" title="利息">利息</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="跨期选择" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Intertemporal choice"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%A8%E6%9C%9F%E9%81%B8%E6%93%87" title="跨期選擇">跨期选择</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intertemporal_choice" class="extiw" title="en:Intertemporal choice"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Intertemporal choice</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA" title="市场">市场</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E5%A4%B1%E7%81%B5" title="市场失灵">市场失灵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F" title="市场形式">市场形式</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="市场竞争" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Competition (economics)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%BA%E7%AB%9E%E4%BA%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="市场竞争（页面不存在）">市场竞争</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competition_(economics)" class="extiw" title="en:Competition (economics)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Competition (economics)</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9E%84%E6%96%AD%E6%80%A7%E7%AB%9E%E4%BA%89" title="垄断性竞争">垄断性竞争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8C%E5%85%A8%E7%AB%9E%E4%BA%89" title="完全竞争">完全竞争</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9E%84%E6%96%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="垄断">垄断</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E8%BE%B9%E5%AF%A1%E5%A4%B4%E5%9E%84%E6%96%AD" title="双边寡头垄断">双边寡头垄断</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B0%E6%96%B9%E5%9E%84%E6%96%AD" title="买方垄断">买方垄断</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A1%E9%A0%AD%E5%A3%9F%E6%96%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="寡頭壟斷">寡頭壟斷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B0%E6%96%B9%E5%AF%A1%E5%A4%B4%E5%9E%84%E6%96%AD" title="买方寡头垄断">买方寡头垄断</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="非凸性 (经济学)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Non-convexity (economics)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E5%87%B8%E6%80%A7_(%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非凸性 (经济学)（页面不存在）">非凸性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-convexity_(economics)" class="extiw" title="en:Non-convexity (economics)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Non-convexity (economics)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E7%B4%AF%E6%89%98%E6%9C%80%E4%BC%98" class="mw-redirect" title="帕累托最优">帕累托最优</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%8F%E5%A5%BD_(%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8)" title="偏好 (經濟學)">偏好</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%B7%E6%A0%BC" title="价格">价格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%94%A2%E9%9B%86" title="生產集">生產集</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%B6%A6_(%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6)" class="mw-redirect" title="利润 (经济学)">利润</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E7%89%A9%E5%93%81" title="公共物品">公共物品</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%B6%A6%E7%8E%87" title="利润率">利润率</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E7%B5%A6%E5%88%B6" title="配給制">配給制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E7%A7%9F" title="經濟租">經濟租</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%84%E6%A8%A1%E6%8A%A5%E9%85%AC" title="规模报酬">规模报酬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%8E%E9%99%A9%E5%8E%8C%E6%81%B6" title="风险厌恶">风险厌恶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E7%BC%BA%E6%80%A7" title="稀缺性">稀缺性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E7%9F%AD%E7%BC%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="經濟短缺">經濟短缺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%89%A9%E9%A4%98" title="經濟剩餘">經濟剩餘</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社会选择理论" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Social choice theory"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E9%81%B8%E6%93%87%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="社會選擇理論">社会选择理论</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_choice_theory" class="extiw" title="en:Social choice theory"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Social choice theory</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9B%E7%BB%99%E5%92%8C%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="供给和需求">供给和需求</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93" title="贸易">贸易</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E7%A1%AE%E5%AE%9A%E6%80%A7" title="不确定性">不确定性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%88%E7%94%A8" title="效用">效用</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%84%E6%9C%9F%E6%95%88%E7%94%A8%E5%81%87%E8%AF%B4" title="预期效用假说">预期效用假说</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B9%E9%99%85%E6%95%88%E7%94%A8" title="边际效用">边际效用</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC" title="价值">价值</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E8%B5%84" title="工资">工资</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8F%E8%A7%82%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="宏观经济学">宏观经济学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82" title="總需求">總需求</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E4%BE%9B%E7%BB%99" title="总供给">总供给</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%94%B6%E6%94%AF" title="国际收支">国际收支</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E6%B0%A3%E5%BE%AA%E7%92%B0" title="景氣循環">商业周期</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E6%89%A9%E5%BC%A0" title="经济扩张">经济扩张</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="金融危机">金融危机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E8%A1%B0%E9%80%80" title="经济衰退">经济衰退</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E8%90%A7%E6%9D%A1" title="经济萧条">经济萧条</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%BE%A9%E7%94%A6" title="經濟復甦">經濟復甦</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="產能利用率" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Capacity utilization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%A2%E8%83%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8%E7%8E%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="產能利用率（页面不存在）">產能利用率</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacity_utilization" class="extiw" title="en:Capacity utilization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Capacity utilization</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%9C%AC%E5%A4%96%E9%80%83" class="mw-redirect" title="資本外逃">資本外逃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C" title="中央银行">中央银行</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E8%B2%BB%E8%80%85%E4%BF%A1%E5%BF%83" title="消費者信心">消費者信心</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%B2%A8" title="通貨">通貨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%B4%A7%E8%86%A8%E8%83%80" title="通货膨胀">通货膨胀</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%B6%E6%80%A7%E9%80%9A%E8%B4%A7%E8%86%A8%E8%83%80" title="恶性通货膨胀">恶性通货膨胀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%A9%E6%B0%B4%E5%BC%8F%E9%80%9A%E8%B4%A7%E8%86%A8%E8%83%80" title="缩水式通货膨胀">缩水式通货膨胀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%9C%E6%BB%AF%E6%80%A7%E9%80%9A%E8%B2%A8%E8%86%A8%E8%84%B9" title="停滯性通貨膨脹">停滯性通貨膨脹</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%B4%A7%E7%B4%A7%E7%BC%A9" title="通货紧缩">通货紧缩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E9%80%9A%E8%B4%A7%E8%86%A8%E8%83%80" class="mw-redirect" title="反通货膨胀">反通货膨胀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82%E5%86%B2%E5%87%BB" title="需求冲击">需求冲击</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%90%A7%E6%9D%A1" title="大萧条">大萧条</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9B%E7%BB%99%E5%86%B2%E5%87%BB" title="供给冲击">供给冲击</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="动态随机一般均衡模型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A8%E6%80%81%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E4%B8%80%E8%88%AC%E5%9D%87%E8%A1%A1%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="动态随机一般均衡模型（页面不存在）">动态随机一般均衡模型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_stochastic_general_equilibrium" class="extiw" title="en:Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%95%88%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82" title="有效需求">有效需求</a></li> <li>預期 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94%E6%80%A7%E9%A2%84%E6%9C%9F" title="适应性预期">适应性预期</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%80%A7%E9%A2%84%E6%9C%9F" title="理性预期">理性预期</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A2%E6%94%BF%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="财政政策">财政政策</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%B1%E4%B8%9A%E3%80%81%E5%88%A9%E6%81%AF%E5%92%8C%E8%B4%A7%E5%B8%81%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%BA" title="就业、利息和货币通论">就业、利息和货币通论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%A2%9E%E9%95%BF" title="经济增长">经济增长</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="經濟指標" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economic indicator"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E6%8C%87%E6%A8%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="經濟指標（页面不存在）">經濟指標</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_indicator" class="extiw" title="en:Economic indicator"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economic indicator</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E7%8E%87" title="利率">利率</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%95%E8%B5%84" title="投资">投资</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IS-LM%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="IS-LM模型">IS-LM模型</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国民收入和产出的衡量指标" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Measures of national income and output"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%94%B6%E5%85%A5%E5%92%8C%E4%BA%A7%E5%87%BA%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%A1%E9%87%8F%E6%8C%87%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国民收入和产出的衡量指标（页面不存在）">国民收入和产出的衡量指标</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measures_of_national_income_and_output" class="extiw" title="en:Measures of national income and output"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Measures of national income and output</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="宏观经济学模型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Macroeconomic model"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8F%E8%A7%82%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宏观经济学模型（页面不存在）">宏观经济学模型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macroeconomic_model" class="extiw" title="en:Macroeconomic model"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Macroeconomic model</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A8%E5%B9%A3" title="貨幣">貨幣</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A7%E5%B8%81%E6%89%A9%E5%BC%A0" title="货币扩张">货币扩张</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A7%E5%B8%81%E9%9C%80%E6%B1%82" title="货币需求">货币需求</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A8%E5%B9%A3%E4%BE%9B%E6%87%89%E9%87%8F" title="貨幣供應量">貨幣供應量</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A7%E5%B8%81%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="货币政策">货币政策</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E9%80%9A%E8%B4%A7%E8%86%A8%E8%83%80%E5%A4%B1%E4%B8%9A%E7%8E%87" title="非加速通货膨胀失业率">非加速通货膨胀失业率</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E6%A0%B8%E7%AE%97" title="国民经济核算">国民经济核算</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%B7%E6%A0%BC%E6%B0%B4%E5%B9%B3" title="价格水平">价格水平</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%AD%E4%B9%B0%E5%8A%9B%E5%B9%B3%E4%BB%B7" title="购买力平价">购买力平价</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%A8%E8%93%84" title="储蓄">储蓄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B1%E6%A5%AD" title="失業">失業</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E7%90%86%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="数理经济学">数理经济学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%91%E7%BA%A6%E8%AE%BA" title="契约论">契约论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E8%AE%BA" title="决策论">决策论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E9%87%8F%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="计量经济学">计量经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E5%BC%88%E8%AE%BA" title="博弈论">博弈论</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="输入-输出模型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Input–output model"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%93%E5%85%A5-%E8%BE%93%E5%87%BA%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="输入-输出模型（页面不存在）">输入-输出模型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Input%E2%80%93output_model" class="extiw" title="en:Input–output model"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Input–output model</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E7%90%86%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%AD%B8" title="數理金融學">數理金融學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B6%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1" title="机制设计">机制设计</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8B%E7%B1%8C%E5%AD%B8" title="運籌學">運籌學</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/JEL%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="JEL分类系统">JEL分类系统</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="農業經濟學">農業經濟學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="商业经济学">商业经济学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="人口经济学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Demographic economics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="人口经济学（页面不存在）">人口经济学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographic_economics" class="extiw" title="en:Demographic economics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Demographic economics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="发展经济学">发展经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="经济地理学">经济地理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%8F%B2" title="经济史">经济史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="教育经济学">教育经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="工程經濟">工程經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土木工程经济学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Engineering economics (civil engineering)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E6%9C%A8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土木工程经济学（页面不存在）">土木工程经济学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_economics_(civil_engineering)" class="extiw" title="en:Engineering economics (civil engineering)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Engineering economics (civil engineering)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="环境经济学">环境经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="金融經濟學">金融經濟學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="健康经济学">健康经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%9A%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="产业组织理论">产业组织理论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="国际经济学">国际经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="知識經濟">知識經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E5%8B%95%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="勞動經濟學">勞動經濟學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="法律经济学">法律经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A8%E5%B9%A3%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="貨幣經濟學">貨幣經濟學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自然资源经济学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Natural resource economics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自然资源经济学（页面不存在）">自然资源经济学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_resource_economics" class="extiw" title="en:Natural resource economics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Natural resource economics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="经济规划" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economic planning"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="经济规划（页面不存在）">经济规划</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_planning" class="extiw" title="en:Economic planning"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economic planning</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="经济政策">经济政策</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="公共經濟學">公共經濟學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E9%81%B8%E6%93%87%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="公共選擇理論">公共選擇理論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="区域经济学">区域经济学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="服务经济学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Service economy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="服务经济学（页面不存在）">服务经济学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_economy" class="extiw" title="en:Service economy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Service economy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="社會經濟學">社會經濟學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6" title="经济社会学">经济社会学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="经济统计学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economic statistics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="经济统计学（页面不存在）">经济统计学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_statistics" class="extiw" title="en:Economic statistics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economic statistics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="运输经济学">运输经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="城市经济学">城市经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="福利经济学">福利经济学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3%E5%AD%A6%E6%B4%BE" title="经济思想学派">经济思想学派</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3%E5%8F%B2" title="经济思想史">经济思想史</a>)</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%AD%A6%E6%B4%BE" title="美国学派">美国学派</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古代经济思想" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ancient economic thought"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古代经济思想（页面不存在）">古代经济思想</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_economic_thought" class="extiw" title="en:Ancient economic thought"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ancient economic thought</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="无政府主义经济学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Anarchist economics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="無政府主義經濟學">无政府主义经济学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchist_economics" class="extiw" title="en:Anarchist economics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Anarchist economics</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="互利共生论" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mutualism (economic theory)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B1%E7%94%9F%E8%AE%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="互利共生论（页面不存在）">互利共生论</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutualism_(economic_theory)" class="extiw" title="en:Mutualism (economic theory)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mutualism (economic theory)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="奧地利經濟學派">奧地利經濟學派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="行為經濟學">行為經濟學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="佛教经济学">佛教经济学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="名目主义" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chartalism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8D%E7%9B%AE%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="名目主义（页面不存在）">名目主义</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chartalism" class="extiw" title="en:Chartalism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chartalism</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E8%B4%A7%E5%B8%81%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="现代货币理论">现代货币理论</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%93%A5%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE" title="芝加哥經濟學派">芝加哥經濟學派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="古典经济学">古典经济学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="不均衡宏观经济学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Disequilibrium macroeconomics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E5%9D%87%E8%A1%A1%E5%AE%8F%E8%A7%82%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不均衡宏观经济学（页面不存在）">不均衡宏观经济学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disequilibrium_macroeconomics" class="extiw" title="en:Disequilibrium macroeconomics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Disequilibrium macroeconomics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="生態經濟學">生態經濟學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="演化经济学">演化经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="女性主义经济学">女性主义经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="乔治主义">乔治主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E4%B8%BB%E6%B5%81%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="非主流經濟學">非主流經濟學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE" title="經濟歷史學派">經濟歷史學派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="制度经济学">制度经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="凯恩斯主义经济学">凯恩斯主义经济学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%87%B1%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE" title="新凱恩斯學派">新凱恩斯學派</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E7%B6%9C%E5%90%88%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE" title="新古典綜合學派">新古典綜合學派</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%85%B4%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E5%AD%A6%E6%B4%BE" title="新兴凯恩斯学派">新兴凯恩斯学派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E5%AD%A6%E6%B4%BE" title="后凯恩斯学派">后凯恩斯学派</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="貨幣循環理論" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Monetary circuit theory"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B2%A8%E5%B9%A3%E5%BE%AA%E7%92%B0%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="貨幣循環理論（页面不存在）">貨幣循環理論</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monetary_circuit_theory" class="extiw" title="en:Monetary circuit theory"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Monetary circuit theory</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%B5%81%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="主流經濟學">主流經濟學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E8%AB%96" title="人口論">马尔萨斯人口论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B9%E9%99%85%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="边际主义">边际主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="马克思主义政治经济学">马克思主义政治经济学</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="新马克思主义经济学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Neo-Marxian economics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新马克思主义经济学（页面不存在）">新马克思主义经济学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-Marxian_economics" class="extiw" title="en:Neo-Marxian economics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Neo-Marxian economics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%95%86%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="重商主义">重商主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE" title="新古典經濟學派">新古典經濟學派</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E6%A1%91%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE" title="洛桑學派">洛桑學派</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%88%88%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE" title="新興古典經濟學派">新興古典經濟學派</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%AE%9E%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA" title="真实商业周期理论">真实商业周期理论</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="新制度經濟學">新制度經濟學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="重农主义">重农主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6" title="社会主义政治经济学">社会主义政治经济学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%BE%B7%E5%93%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%91%A9%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE" title="斯德哥爾摩學派">斯德哥爾摩學派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9B%E7%B5%A6%E9%9D%A2%E5%AD%B8%E6%B4%BE" title="供給面學派">供給面學派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" title="熱經濟學">熱經濟學</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">知名<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="经济学家">经济学家</a><br />和經濟思想家</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E7%B4%A2%E7%93%A6%C2%B7%E9%AD%81%E5%A5%88" title="弗朗索瓦·魁奈">弗朗索瓦·魁奈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%BD%93%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%AF%86" title="亚当·斯密">亚当·斯密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%AB%C2%B7%E6%9D%8E%E5%98%89%E5%9B%BE" title="大卫·李嘉图">大卫·李嘉图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E8%90%A8%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="托马斯·罗伯特·马尔萨斯">托马斯·罗伯特·马尔萨斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E6%9D%9C%E8%83%BD" title="范杜能">范杜能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E6%9D%8E%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="弗里德里希·李斯特">弗里德里希·李斯特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%A0%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E6%88%88%E6%A3%AE" title="赫爾曼·海因里希·戈森">赫爾曼·海因里希·戈森</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="朱尔·杜普伊" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jules Dupuit"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%B1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%9D%9C%E6%99%AE%E4%BC%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="朱尔·杜普伊（页面不存在）">朱尔·杜普伊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jules_Dupuit" class="extiw" title="en:Jules Dupuit"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jules Dupuit</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%89%98%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="安托万·奥古斯丁·库尔诺">安托万·奥古斯丁·库尔诺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%AF%86%E5%B0%94" title="约翰·斯图尔特·密尔">约翰·斯图尔特·密尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D" title="卡尔·马克思">卡尔·马克思</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E6%9D%B0%E6%96%87%E6%96%AF" title="威廉·斯坦利·杰文斯">威廉·斯坦利·杰文斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB" title="亨利·乔治">亨利·乔治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8C%E6%98%82%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="里昂·瓦尔拉斯">里昂·瓦尔拉斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E6%AD%87%E5%B0%94" title="阿尔弗雷德·马歇尔">阿尔弗雷德·马歇尔</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="格奥尔格·弗里德里希·克纳普" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Georg Friedrich Knapp"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%BC%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E7%BA%B3%E6%99%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="格奥尔格·弗里德里希·克纳普（页面不存在）">格奥尔格·弗里德里希·克纳普</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Friedrich_Knapp" class="extiw" title="en:Georg Friedrich Knapp"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Georg Friedrich Knapp</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%B7%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%A5%87%E6%B2%83%E6%80%9D" title="弗朗西斯·伊西德罗·埃奇沃思">弗朗西斯·伊西德罗·埃奇沃思</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E7%B4%AF%E6%89%98" title="维尔弗雷多·帕累托">维尔弗雷多·帕累托</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E9%A6%AE%C2%B7%E7%B6%AD%E5%A1%9E%E7%88%BE" title="弗里德里希·馮·維塞爾">弗里德里希·馮·維塞爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E8%8C%A8%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="约翰·贝茨·克拉克">约翰·贝茨·克拉克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%B9%C2%B7%E8%8C%83%E4%BC%AF%E5%80%AB" title="托斯丹·范伯倫">托斯丹·范伯倫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="约翰·罗杰斯·康芒斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="John R. Commons"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%9D%B0%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BA%B7%E8%8A%92%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="约翰·罗杰斯·康芒斯（页面不存在）">约翰·罗杰斯·康芒斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_R._Commons" class="extiw" title="en:John R. Commons"><span lang="en" dir="auto">John R. Commons</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%96%87%C2%B7%E8%B4%B9%E9%9B%AA" title="欧文·费雪">欧文·费雪</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="威斯利·克莱尔·密契尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Wesley Clair Mitchell"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E8%8E%B1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%AF%86%E5%A5%91%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威斯利·克莱尔·密契尔（页面不存在）">威斯利·克莱尔·密契尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wesley_Clair_Mitchell" class="extiw" title="en:Wesley Clair Mitchell"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Wesley Clair Mitchell</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E7%BA%B3%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF" title="约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯">约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E7%86%8A%E5%BD%BC%E7%89%B9" title="约瑟夫·熊彼特">约瑟夫·熊彼特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%91%9F%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E8%A5%BF%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%BA%87%E5%8F%A4" title="亞瑟·塞西爾·庇古">亞瑟·塞西爾·庇古</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%A5%88%E7%89%B9" title="法蘭克·奈特">法蘭克·奈特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E8%AF%BA%E4%BC%8A%E6%9B%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="约翰·冯·诺伊曼">约翰·冯·诺伊曼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E6%96%87%C2%B7%E6%BC%A2%E6%A3%AE" title="阿爾文·漢森">阿爾文·漢森</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%90%84%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E7%BB%B4%E7%BA%B3" title="雅各布·维纳">雅各布·维纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%BE%B7%E8%8F%AF%C2%B7%E9%8C%A2%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97" title="愛德華·錢柏林">愛德華·錢柏林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%97%E7%BA%B3%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E6%96%BD" title="朗纳·弗里施">朗纳·弗里施</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E7%89%B9%E6%9E%97" title="哈羅德·霍特林">哈羅德·霍特林</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="米哈尔·卡莱斯基" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Michał Kalecki"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B1%B3%E5%93%88%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="米哈尔·卡莱斯基（页面不存在）">米哈尔·卡莱斯基</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micha%C5%82_Kalecki" class="extiw" title="en:Michał Kalecki"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Michał Kalecki</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%C2%B7%E6%9C%97%E6%A0%BC" title="奥斯卡·朗格">奥斯卡·R·兰格</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雅各布·马尔沙克" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jacob Marschak"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%85%E5%90%84%E5%B8%83%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E6%B2%99%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雅各布·马尔沙克（页面不存在）">雅各布·马尔沙克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Marschak" class="extiw" title="en:Jacob Marschak"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jacob Marschak</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A1%E7%BA%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%BB%98%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%94" title="贡纳尔·默达尔">贡纳尔·默达尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B7%B4%C2%B7%E5%8B%92%E9%82%A3" title="阿巴·勒那">阿巴·勒那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%8A%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7" title="羅伊·哈羅德">羅伊·哈羅德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E8%80%B6%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E6%B3%95" title="皮耶羅·斯拉法">皮耶羅·斯拉法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%92%99%C2%B7%E5%BA%93%E5%85%B9%E6%B6%85%E8%8C%A8" title="西蒙·库兹涅茨">西蒙·库兹涅茨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%8A%C2%B7%E7%BE%85%E8%B3%93%E9%81%9C" title="瓊·羅賓遜">瓊·羅賓遜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C2%B7F%C2%B7%E8%88%92%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%AB" title="E·F·舒马赫">E·F·舒马赫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E8%80%B6%E5%85%8B" title="弗里德里希·哈耶克">弗里德里希·哈耶克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" title="约翰·希克斯">约翰·希克斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%9A%E6%9E%97%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E6%9B%BC%E6%96%AF" title="特亚林·科普曼斯">特亚林·科普曼斯</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="尼古拉斯·乔治斯库-洛根" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E6%96%AF%E5%BA%93-%E6%B4%9B%E6%A0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="尼古拉斯·乔治斯库-洛根（页面不存在）">尼古拉斯·乔治斯库-洛根</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Georgescu-Roegen" class="extiw" title="en:Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E8%A5%BF%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E5%88%97%E6%98%82%E5%AD%A3%E8%80%B6%E5%A4%AB" title="瓦西里·列昂季耶夫">瓦西里·列昂季耶夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E7%88%BE%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF" title="約翰·加爾布雷斯">約翰·加爾布雷斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E6%98%8E%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA" title="海曼·明斯基">海曼·明斯基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A9%AC%E8%B4%BA" title="司马贺">司马贺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%E9%A0%93%C2%B7%E4%BD%9B%E5%88%A9%E6%B0%91" title="米爾頓·佛利民">米尔顿·弗里德曼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E7%B9%86%E7%88%BE%E6%A3%AE" title="保羅·薩繆爾森">保羅·薩繆爾森</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E7%BD%97" title="肯尼斯·阿罗">肯尼斯·阿罗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E9%AE%91%E8%8E%AB%E7%88%BE" title="威廉·鮑莫爾">威廉·鮑莫爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%8B%E7%91%9E%C2%B7%E8%B2%9D%E5%85%8B" title="蓋瑞·貝克">蓋瑞·貝克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E8%8E%89%E8%AF%BA%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%BD%97%E5%A7%86" title="埃莉诺·奥斯特罗姆">埃莉诺·奥斯特罗姆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%B4%A2%E6%B4%9B" title="罗伯特·索洛">罗伯特·索洛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%A9%AC%E8%92%82%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E5%BA%93%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%A3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="阿马蒂亚·库马尔·森">阿马蒂亚·库马尔·森</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%8D%A2%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF" title="小罗伯特·卢卡斯">小罗伯特·卢卡斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E6%A0%BC%E5%88%A9%E8%8C%A8" title="约瑟夫·斯蒂格利茨">约瑟夫·斯蒂格利茨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E5%8B%92" title="理查德·塞勒">理查德·塞勒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%AD%AF%E6%9B%BC" title="保羅·克魯曼">保罗·克鲁格曼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%AF%E7%91%AA%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%9A%AE%E5%85%8B%E6%8F%90" title="湯瑪斯·皮克提">湯瑪斯·皮克提</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="Category:经济学家">其他</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="国际组织">国际组织</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%AA%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="亚太经济合作组织">亚太经济合作组织</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="经济合作组织">经济合作组织</a></li> <li><a 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title="Portal:经济学">主題</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="經濟學條目索引" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Index of economics articles"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="經濟學條目索引（页面不存在）">索引</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_economics_articles" class="extiw" title="en:Index of economics articles"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Index of economics articles</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="列表级条目"><img alt="列表级条目" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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economics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="經濟學重要出版物列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of important publications in economics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8%E9%87%8D%E8%A6%81%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%89%A9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="經濟學重要出版物列表（页面不存在）">經濟學重要出版物列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_important_publications_in_economics" class="extiw" title="en:List of important publications in economics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of important publications in economics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link 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