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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Politieke_bedeling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politieke_bedeling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Politieke bedeling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politieke_bedeling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div 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mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 89 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-89" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">89 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Venedig" title="Republik Venedig – Switserse Duits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Republik Venedig" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switserse Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_de_Venecia" title="Republica de Venecia – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Republica de Venecia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="جمهورية البندقية – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جمهورية البندقية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%DA%A4%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="جمهورية ڤينيسيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جمهورية ڤينيسيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Venecia" title="República de Venecia – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="República de Venecia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venesiya_Respublikas%C4%B1" title="Venesiya Respublikası – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Venesiya Respublikası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2_%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="ونیز جومهوریتی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ونیز جومهوریتی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Венецыянская рэспубліка – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Венецыянская рэспубліка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Вэнэцыянская рэспубліка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вэнэцыянская рэспубліка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Венецианска република – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Венецианска република" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Venezia" title="Republik Venezia – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Republik Venezia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mleta%C4%8Dka_Republika" title="Mletačka Republika – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mletačka Republika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Ven%C3%A8cia" title="República de Venècia – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="República de Venècia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%A4%DB%8E%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="کۆماری ڤێنیز – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆماری ڤێنیز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben%C3%A1tsk%C3%A1_republika" title="Benátská republika – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Benátská republika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gweriniaeth_Fenis" title="Gweriniaeth Fenis – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gweriniaeth Fenis" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikken_Venedig" title="Republikken Venedig – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Republikken Venedig" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Venedig" title="Republik Venedig – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Republik Venedig" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Βενετική Δημοκρατία – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βενετική Δημοκρατία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Republic of Venice" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venecia_respubliko" title="Venecia respubliko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Venecia respubliko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Venecia" title="República de Venecia – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="República de Venecia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veneetsia_vabariik" title="Veneetsia vabariik – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Veneetsia vabariik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veneziako_Errepublika" title="Veneziako Errepublika – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Veneziako Errepublika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="جمهوری ونیز – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جمهوری ونیز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venetsian_tasavalta" title="Venetsian tasavalta – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Venetsian tasavalta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BD%C3%B0veldi%C3%B0_Venesia" title="Lýðveldið Venesia – Faroëes" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Lýðveldið Venesia" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroëes" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_de_Venise" title="République de Venise – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="République de Venise" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republyk_Feneesje" title="Republyk Feneesje – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Republyk Feneesje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poblacht_na_Vein%C3%A9ise" title="Poblacht na Veinéise – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Poblacht na Veinéise" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Venecia" title="República de Venecia – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="República de Venecia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%94" title="הרפובליקה של ונציה – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הרפובליקה של ונציה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="वेनिस गणराज्य – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वेनिस गणराज्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mleta%C4%8Dka_Republika" title="Mletačka Republika – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mletačka Republika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velencei_K%C3%B6zt%C3%A1rsas%C3%A1g" title="Velencei Köztársaság – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Velencei Köztársaság" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Վենետիկի հանրապետություն – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վենետիկի հանրապետություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Venesia" title="Republik Venesia – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Republik Venesia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiko_Venezia" title="Republiko Venezia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Republiko Venezia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BD%C3%B0veldi%C3%B0_Feneyjar" title="Lýðveldið Feneyjar – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lýðveldið Feneyjar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubblica_di_Venezia" title="Repubblica di Venezia – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Repubblica di Venezia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A7%E3%83%8D%E3%83%84%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="ヴェネツィア共和国 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヴェネツィア共和国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ვენეციის რესპუბლიკა – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვენეციის რესპუბლიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%84%A4%EC%B9%98%EC%95%84_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="베네치아 공화국 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="베네치아 공화국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Res_publica_Veneta" title="Res publica Veneta – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Res publica Veneta" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_de_Venezia" title="Republica de Venezia – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Republica de Venezia" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B9brica_de_Ven%C3%A9%C3%A7ia" title="Repùbrica de Venéçia – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Repùbrica de Venéçia" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_de_Venezia" title="Republica de Venezia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Republica de Venezia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venecijos_respublika" title="Venecijos respublika – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Venecijos respublika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ven%C4%93cijas_Republika" title="Venēcijas Republika – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Venēcijas Republika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Венецијанска Република – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Венецијанска Република" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="റിപ്പബ്ലിക്ക് ഓഫ് വെനീസ് – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റിപ്പബ്ലിക്ക് ഓഫ് വെനീസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95" title="व्हेनिसचे प्रजासत्ताक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="व्हेनिसचे प्रजासत्ताक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Venezia" title="Republik Venezia – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Republik Venezia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venedig_(Republiek)" title="Venedig (Republiek) – Nederduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Venedig (Republiek)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiek_Venies" title="Republiek Venies – Nedersaksies" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Republiek Venies" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiek_Veneti%C3%AB" title="Republiek Venetië – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Republiek Venetië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikken_Venezia" title="Republikken Venezia – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Republikken Venezia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikken_Venezia" title="Republikken Venezia – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Republikken Venezia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_de_Ven%C3%A8cia" title="Republica de Venècia – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Republica de Venècia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_Wenecka" title="Republika Wenecka – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Republika Wenecka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3" title="لوکراج وینس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لوکراج وینس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Veneza" title="República de Veneza – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="República de Veneza" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_Vene%C8%9Bian%C4%83" title="Republica Venețiană – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Republica Venețiană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Венецианская республика – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Венецианская республика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Венецка република – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Венецка република" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B9blica_de_Ven%C3%A8tzia" title="Repùblica de Venètzia – Sardinies" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Repùblica de Venètzia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mleta%C4%8Dka_Republika" title="Mletačka Republika – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mletačka Republika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Republic of Venice" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben%C3%A1tska_republika" title="Benátska republika – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Benátska republika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bene%C5%A1ka_republika" title="Beneška republika – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Beneška republika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_e_Venedikut" title="Republika e Venedikut – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Republika e Venedikut" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Млетачка република – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Млетачка република" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publik_V%C3%A9n%C3%A9sia" title="Républik Vénésia – Sundanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Républik Vénésia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiken_Venedig" title="Republiken Venedig – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Republiken Venedig" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamhuri_ya_Venice" title="Jamhuri ya Venice – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Jamhuri ya Venice" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyneck%C5%8F_Republika" title="Wyneckŏ Republika – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Wyneckŏ Republika" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA" title="สาธารณรัฐเวนิส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สาธารณรัฐเวนิส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_ng_Venecia" title="Republika ng Venecia – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Republika ng Venecia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venedik_Cumhuriyeti" title="Venedik Cumhuriyeti – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Venedik Cumhuriyeti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Венеційська республіка – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Венеційська республіка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%81%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3" title="جمہوریہ وینس – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جمہوریہ وینس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%B9blega_de_Ven%C3%A8sia" title="Repùblega de Venèsia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Repùblega de Venèsia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BB%99ng_h%C3%B2a_Venezia" title="Cộng hòa Venezia – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cộng hòa Venezia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="威尼斯共和国 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="威尼斯共和国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ვენეციაშ რესპუბლიკა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ვენეციაშ რესპუბლიკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="威尼斯共和国 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="威尼斯共和国" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="威尼斯共和國 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="威尼斯共和國" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezia_Ki%C5%8Dng-h%C3%B4-kok" title="Venezia Kiōng-hô-kok – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Venezia Kiōng-hô-kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="威尼斯共和國 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="威尼斯共和國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4948#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Republiek_Venesi%C3%AB" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon 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href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Republiek_Venesi%C3%AB" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Republiek_Venesi%C3%AB" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republiek_Venesi%C3%AB&oldid=2446650" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republiek_Venesi%C3%AB&action=info" title="More information about this 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href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Republiek+Venesi%C3%AB"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Republiek_Venesi%C3%AB&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republiek_Venesi%C3%AB&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Republic_of_Venice" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4948" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" 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dir="ltr"><div style="background: var(--background-color-base); color: var(--color-base); float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; width: auto; text-align: center; font-size: 90%; line-height: 1.4em;"> <div style="border:1px solid #ccd2d9; width:24.5em; background: var(--background-color-base); color: var(--color-base); text-align:left; padding:0.5em 1em 0.5em 1em; text-align:center;"> <table style="v.C.transparent; text-align:left; table-layout:auto; border-collapse:collapse; padding:0; font-size:100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <caption style="margin-left:inherit; font-size:135%; padding-bottom:0.5em; line-height:1.1em;"> <b><i>Serenìsima Repùblica Vèneta</i> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Venesiaans" title="Venesiaans">Venesiaans</a>)</small></b><br /> <b>Deurlugtigste Republiek Venesië</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9"> <table width="275" style="text-align:center; margin:0 auto; background:var(--background-color-base); color:inherit;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="50px" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle;"> </td> <td style="background: var(--background-color-base); color: var(--color-base); vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:105%;"><b><a href="/wiki/697" title="697">697</a> – <a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">1797</a></b> </td> <td width="50px" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9"> <table width="100%" style="text-align:center; margin:0 auto; background:var(--background-color-base); color:inherit;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="50%" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span style="border:1px solid #bbbbbb; display:table-cell;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag"><img alt="Vlag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg/125px-Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg/188px-Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg/250px-Flag_of_Most_Serene_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> </td> <td width="50%" style="border:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Republic_of_Venice.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wapenskild"><img alt="Wapenskild" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Republic_of_Venice.svg/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Republic_of_Venice.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Republic_of_Venice.svg/200px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Republic_of_Venice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="485" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="font-size: 95%;"> <td style="border:0; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Vlag" title="Vlag">Vlag</a> </td> <td style="border:0; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Wapen_(heraldiek)" title="Wapen (heraldiek)">Wapen</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:center; font-size:95%;"><a href="/wiki/Leuse" title="Leuse">Leuse</a>: Viva San Marco! </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; vertical-align:top; text-align:center; font-size:95%; padding:0.4em 0 0.4em 0"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Repubblica_di_Venezia.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Ligging of Republiek Venesië"><img alt="Ligging of Republiek Venesië" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Repubblica_di_Venezia.png/250px-Repubblica_di_Venezia.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Repubblica_di_Venezia.png/375px-Repubblica_di_Venezia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Repubblica_di_Venezia.png/500px-Repubblica_di_Venezia.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="635" /></a><figcaption>Ligging of Republiek Venesië</figcaption></figure><small>Republiek Venesië en hoofhandelsroetes omstreeks 1500</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td width="50%" style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Hoofstad" title="Hoofstad">Hoofstad</a></b> </td> <td width="50%" style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top"><a href="/wiki/Venesi%C3%AB" title="Venesië">Venesië</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top: solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;"><b>Taal/Tale</b> </td> <td style="border-top: solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top"><a href="/wiki/Latyn" title="Latyn">Latyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venesiaans" title="Venesiaans">Venesiaans</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top: solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Godsdiens" title="Godsdiens">Godsdiens</a></b> </td> <td style="border-top: solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top"><a href="/wiki/Rooms-Katolieke_Kerk" title="Rooms-Katolieke Kerk">Rooms-Katolieke Kerk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Regering" title="Regering">Regering</a></b> </td> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0 0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Republiek" title="Republiek">Republiek</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Wetgewer" title="Wetgewer">Wetgewer</a></b> </td> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top;">Mazor Consegio (Groot Raad) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;"><b>Historiese tydperk</b> </td> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0 0; vertical-align:top;">Middeleeue tot Vroeë moderne tyd </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top"> - Gevestig</td> <td><a href="/wiki/697" title="697">697</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top"> - Abdikasie van doge Ludovico Manin</td> <td><a href="/wiki/12_Mei" title="12 Mei">12 Mei</a> <a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">1797</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0em 1em 0.2em 0; vertical-align:top"> - Ontbind</td> <td><a href="/wiki/1797" title="1797">1797</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top; text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Geldeenheid" title="Geldeenheid">Geldeenheid</a></b> </td> <td style="border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9; padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 0; vertical-align:top;">Venesiaanse dukaat<br />Venesiaanse lira </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> </div> <p>Die <b>Republiek Venesië</b> was die magtigste van alle seerepublieke of <i>Repubbliche Marinare</i> wat op die Italiaanse skiereiland bestaan het. Die republiek het van 'n beskeie begin as 'n klein groep van nedersettings in die Venesiaanse strandmeer in die 7de eeu gegroei tot Europa se voorste ekonomiese en handelsmoondheid wat op 'n verskeidenheid monopolies en 'n sterk militêre vloot kon steun - 'n status wat Venesiane enkele eeue lank, vanaf die <a href="/wiki/Middeleeue" title="Middeleeue">Middeleeue</a> tot die <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a>-tydperk, sou handhaaf. Danksy sy ekonomiese welvaart het die Republiek Venesië ook tot 'n eersterangse Europese sentrum van <a href="/wiki/Kuns" title="Kuns">kuns</a> en <a href="/wiki/Musiek" title="Musiek">musiek</a> ontwikkel. Weens die unieke kombinasie van seemag en grootmoondheidstatus met dié van 'n Renaissance-kunsstad is vergelykings getref met antieke Athene wat aan Venesië die bynaam "Athene van die Renaissance" besorg het.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B12_068-Stadsprofiel_van-_VENETIA.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B12_068-Stadsprofiel_van-_VENETIA.jpeg/220px-Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B12_068-Stadsprofiel_van-_VENETIA.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B12_068-Stadsprofiel_van-_VENETIA.jpeg/330px-Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B12_068-Stadsprofiel_van-_VENETIA.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B12_068-Stadsprofiel_van-_VENETIA.jpeg/440px-Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B12_068-Stadsprofiel_van-_VENETIA.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="5500" data-file-height="2517" /></a><figcaption><i>Stadsprofiel van Venetia</i> in Pieter Mortier se Nederlandse samestelling van Italiaanse stedeboeke met kaarte wat in 1704 gepubliseer is. Die omtrekke van Venesië is, heel gepas vir die hoofstad van 'n seerepubliek, dikwels beskryf as dié van 'n vis, of beter, dolfyn</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Guardi,Francesco_-_The_Departure_of_Bucentaur_for_the_Lido_on_Ascension_Day.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Guardi%2CFrancesco_-_The_Departure_of_Bucentaur_for_the_Lido_on_Ascension_Day.jpg/220px-Guardi%2CFrancesco_-_The_Departure_of_Bucentaur_for_the_Lido_on_Ascension_Day.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Guardi%2CFrancesco_-_The_Departure_of_Bucentaur_for_the_Lido_on_Ascension_Day.jpg/330px-Guardi%2CFrancesco_-_The_Departure_of_Bucentaur_for_the_Lido_on_Ascension_Day.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Guardi%2CFrancesco_-_The_Departure_of_Bucentaur_for_the_Lido_on_Ascension_Day.jpg/440px-Guardi%2CFrancesco_-_The_Departure_of_Bucentaur_for_the_Lido_on_Ascension_Day.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2139" /></a><figcaption>Francesco Guardi: <i>Die Bucintoro se vertrek op Hemelvaartsdag op pad na die Lido</i> (omstreeks 1775/80). Die <i>Bucintoro</i> was die Republiek Venesië se seremoniële staatsgalei. Dit het sentraal gestaan in die jaarlikse ritueel wat deur die doge, die verkose staatshoof, voltrek is - die huwelik met die see. Die heersende Venesiaanse adel het 'n hele reeks staatsrituele ontwikkel waarby ook die werkersklas betrokke geraak het, en al kon dit geen regstreekse politieke invloed deur stemreg uitoefen nie, het gewone Venesiane hul plek in die eksperiment van vroeë kapitalisme gevind wat die Venesiaanse ekonomie aangedryf het - onder meer danksy betreklik hoë loonvlakke</figcaption></figure> <p>As strandmeerstad was <a href="/wiki/Venesi%C3%AB" title="Venesië">Venesië</a>, wat in sy boukuns Bisantynse, Oosterse, Gotiese, Renaissance- en klassieke invloede verenig het, 'n kunswerk in eie reg wat in die Middeleeue die bewondering van besoekers uitgelok het. Die aantreklikheid van sy ligging is op politieke gebied weerspieël deur 'n wyse regering in hande van sy adelsklas en 'n gesofistikeerde en hoogs ontwikkelde diplomatieke diens wat ekonomiese welvaart en politieke onafhanklikheid verseker het. In die digbevolkte stadskwartiere, die <i>sestieri</i>, was die handhawing van orde en dissipline net soos die voortdurende stryd teen water as die magtigste natuurelement, waarmee rekening gehou moes word, die grootste uitdagings wat Venesiane bemeester het. Doeltreffendheid en tegnologiese vooruitgang het die basis geskep vir die bou en onderhoud van 'n hoogs moderne handelsvloot, maar ook oorlogskepe waarmee Venesiaanse belange beskerm kon word - almal vervaardig in die <i>Arsenale</i>, Middeleeuse Europa se gevorderdste en ongeëwenaarde skeepswerf. </p><p>Die buitengewone beskermde ligging temidde van 'n strandmeer is weerspieël in die Venesiaanse adellike tradisie van vryheid en ongebondeheid. Geen stadsmure, versterkings, paleisgardes of militêre paradepleine is hier benodig nie - in 'n nedersetting wat deur Middeleeuse kroniekskrywers as die vryste van alle vrye Italiaanse stede beskryf is.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sy ekonomiese rol as handelspilpunt, wat die Bisantynse ooste met die Gotiese weste, die pouslike Romaanse suide met die Protestantse Germaanse noorde en Europa met die Mediterreense wêreld verbind het, was steeds ook verbonde met die uitruil van inligting en gedagtes sodat Venesië gaandeweg ook tot die intellektuele sentrum van Europa ontwikkel het. Hier was in die vroeë 16de eeu immers ook die wêreld se grootste uitgewerybedryf gesetel, terwyl studente uit die hele Europa aangetrokke gevoel het tot die <a href="/wiki/Universiteit_van_Padua" title="Universiteit van Padua">Universiteit van Padua</a>, geleë in die terra ferma, Venesië se vastelandse besittings in Noord-Italië. </p><p>En al het Venesië sy Rooms-Katolieke identiteit steeds gehandhaaf, was die verhoudinge met Rome en die pousdom dikwels oorskadu deur politieke meningsverskille. Die Venesiaanse owerheid se beweerde verdraagsaamheid teenoor nuwe Christelike strominge soos Protestantisme wat danksy die handelsbetrekkinge met die Europese noorde ingang tot die strandmeerstad gevind het, is in Rome met argwaan bejeën. Nadat die Engelse koning <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_VIII_van_Engeland" title="Hendrik VIII van Engeland">Hendrik VIII</a> in 1534 bande met Rome verbreek het, het Engeland 'n alliansie met Italiaanse Protestante gesmee en vanuit sy ambassade in Venesië Protestantse propaganda in Italië begin versprei totdat die diplomatieke sending in Januarie 1557 gesluit is.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Uiteindelik is ook in Venesië intellektueles en gelowiges, wat hulle ten gunste van kerkhervorming uitgespreek het en na wie deur die pouslike ambassadeur in Venesië in 1572 as "verborge vyande" van die staat verwys is, aan vervolging blootgestel.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Oorspronklik het die klein nedersettings, wat op eilande in die Venesiaanse strandmeer gevestig is, gedurende die golf van barbaarse invalle in die Noord-Italiese streke van die ontbindende <a href="/wiki/Romeinse_Ryk" title="Romeinse Ryk">Romeinse Ryk</a> as toevlugsoorde vir vastelandse vlugtelinge gedien. Naas vissery het die southandel 'n belangrike bron van inkomste geword. </p><p>Die vestiging van nuwe <a href="/wiki/Atlantiese_Oseaan" title="Atlantiese Oseaan">Atlantiese</a> handelsroetes na die Amerikaanse vastelande en, rondom die <a href="/wiki/Kaap_die_Goeie_Hoop" title="Kaap die Goeie Hoop">Kaap die Goeie Hoop</a>, na Oos-Indië het die onomkeerbare agteruitgang van Venesië as seemoondheid voorspel. Die republiek het vervolgens 'n reeks militêre neerlae gely in sy laaste groot seegevegte teen sy hoofteenstander in die oostelike <a href="/wiki/Middellandse_See" title="Middellandse See">Middellandse Seegebied</a>, die <a href="/wiki/Ottomaanse_Ryk" title="Ottomaanse Ryk">Ottomaanse Ryk</a>. Uiteindelik is die laaste groot hoofstuk in die geskiedenis van Venesië as onafhanklike stadstaat tydens die woelinge van die Napoleontiese tydperk geskryf. </p><p>In 1797 is Venesië ná <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte" title="Napoleon Bonaparte">Napoleón Bonaparte</a> se inval in Italië deur terugtrekkende Oostenrykse en kort daarna Franse magte geplunder. Om die stad van verwoestinge deur oorlogshandelinge te red, het die regerende Venesiaanse adel die Republiek Venesië laat in 1797 onder Franse druk self ontbind. Die Venesiaanse staatsgebied is vervolgens verdeel in die Venetiese provinsie onder Oostenrykse bewind, die Cisalpynse Republiek (as Franse vasalstaat) en Franse <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9partement" title="Département">departemente</a> wat op die Ioniese eilande in <a href="/wiki/Griekeland" title="Griekeland">Griekeland</a> - voormalige Venesiaanse besittings - gevestig is. In die 19de eeu het Venesië deel van die nuwe Italiaanse eenheidstaat geword. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politieke_bedeling">Politieke bedeling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republiek_Venesi%C3%AB&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Politieke bedeling" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republiek_Venesi%C3%AB&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Politieke bedeling"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Saint_Mark%27s_Campanile_and_Palazzo_Ducale,_Venice,_September_2017_-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Saint_Mark%27s_Campanile_and_Palazzo_Ducale%2C_Venice%2C_September_2017_-2.jpg/220px-Saint_Mark%27s_Campanile_and_Palazzo_Ducale%2C_Venice%2C_September_2017_-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Saint_Mark%27s_Campanile_and_Palazzo_Ducale%2C_Venice%2C_September_2017_-2.jpg/330px-Saint_Mark%27s_Campanile_and_Palazzo_Ducale%2C_Venice%2C_September_2017_-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Saint_Mark%27s_Campanile_and_Palazzo_Ducale%2C_Venice%2C_September_2017_-2.jpg/440px-Saint_Mark%27s_Campanile_and_Palazzo_Ducale%2C_Venice%2C_September_2017_-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4597" data-file-height="2366" /></a><figcaption>Die Dogepaleis (regs) op Sint Markusplein (<i>Piazza San Marco</i>), setel van administratiewe en geregtelike liggame van die Republiek Venesië en indrukwekkende simbool vir hul gesag</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Bocca_di_Leone_in_the_Doge%27s_Palace_(Venice).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Bocca_di_Leone_in_the_Doge%27s_Palace_%28Venice%29.jpg/220px-Bocca_di_Leone_in_the_Doge%27s_Palace_%28Venice%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Bocca_di_Leone_in_the_Doge%27s_Palace_%28Venice%29.jpg/330px-Bocca_di_Leone_in_the_Doge%27s_Palace_%28Venice%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Bocca_di_Leone_in_the_Doge%27s_Palace_%28Venice%29.jpg/440px-Bocca_di_Leone_in_the_Doge%27s_Palace_%28Venice%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4310" data-file-height="3556" /></a><figcaption>Die <i>Bocca di Leone</i> - 'n briewebus in die Dogepaleis waar Venesiaanse burgers verdagte aktiwiteite van ander inwoners by die owerheid kon aanmeld. Burgers wat valse beskuldigings gemaak het is dieselfde straf opgelê wat die beweerde oortreder sou verwag het</figcaption></figure> <p>Die Republiek Venesië was nie net die prototipe van 'n seemoondheid nie, maar ook dié van 'n oligargiese adelsrepubliek wat in sy spesifiek Venesiaanse vorm in die 12de en 13de eeu gevestig is. Die uitvoerende gesag was in hande van 'n klein bolaag van welvarende kooplui, die sogenaamde <i>nobili</i>, wat in die Venesiaanse parlement, die Groot Raad, verteenwoordig is en die doge (as tydelike staats- en regeringshoof), die ministers en ander ampsdraers verkies het. Watter adellike families tot die Groot Raad toegelaat is, is in 1297 in die sogenaamde Goue Boek vasgeskryf. Die <i>nobili</i> het net sowat drie persent van die Venesiaanse bevolking verteenwoordig. </p><p>Aan die Klein Raad met ses lede - een elk uit die ses <i>sestieri</i> of stadskwartiere - is raadgewende funksies opgedra as die doge se kabinet. Die Seerepubliek se handels- en buitelandse beleid is deur die Venesiaanse Senaat bepaal, terwyl die Raad van Veertig die regspraak behartig het. Oor die loop van tyd is nuwe instellings geskep soos die Raad van Tien wat verantwoordelik was vir die bewaring van binnelandse veiligheid - 'n taak wat met 'n gesofistikeerde netwerk van spioene bewerkstellig is. Soms word na die Republiek Venesië derhalwe verwys as 'n polisiestaat. </p><p>Kenmerkend was die toenemende verdeling van bevoegdhede en funksies tussen grondwetlike liggame om oormatige magskonsentrasie en -misbruik te verhoed. So kon alle ampte - behalwe dié van doge - net tydelik beklee word. Selfs die doge as staatshoof was aan sekere beperkinge onderworpe. So was hy nie gemagtig om briewe, wat aan hom gerig is, alleen sonder toesig te open nie en kon sy familie ook ná sy dood vir enige ampsoortreding gestraf word. Vir die duur van sy ampstermyn was sy seuns uitgesluit uit enige amp of posisie van gesag. Venesiaanse doges is deur die Italiaanse meesterdigter Petrarca (1304−1374) treffend beskryf as "slawe van die Republiek aan wie sekere ere toegeken word". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republiek_Venesi%C3%AB&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republiek_Venesi%C3%AB&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Garry Wills: <i>Venice: Lion City. The Religion of Empire</i>. Sagteband-uitgawe. New York: Washington Square Press 2002, bl. 11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Frederic C. Lane: <i>Venice. A Maritime Republic</i>. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press 1973, bl. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Diego Pirillo: <i>The Refugee-Diplomat. Venice, England, and the Reformation</i>. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">John Martin: <i>Venice's Hidden Enemies. Italian Heretics in a Renaissance City</i>. Berkeley | Los Angeles | London: University of California Press 1993, bl. ix</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republiek_Venesi%C3%AB&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republiek_Venesi%C3%AB&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Geskiedenis</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.learning-history.com/the-venetian-republic-maritime-republic/"><i>Learning History - The Venetian Republic: Maritime Republic</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190411190312/https://www.learning-history.com/the-venetian-republic-maritime-republic/">Geargiveer</a> 11 April 2019 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theworldeconomy.org/impact/The_Venetian_Republic.html"><i>The World Economy: The Venetian Republic</i></a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ontsluit van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Republiek_Venesië&oldid=2446650">https://af.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Republiek_Venesië&oldid=2446650</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Kategorie%C3%AB" title="Spesiaal:Kategorieë">Kategorieë</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Voormalige_lande_in_Europa" title="Kategorie:Voormalige lande in Europa">Voormalige lande in Europa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Voormalige_republieke" title="Kategorie:Voormalige republieke">Voormalige republieke</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Die bladsy is laas op 30 Augustus 2021 om 01:27 bygewerk.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Die teks is beskikbaar onder die lisensie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Erkenning-Insgelyks Deel</a>. 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