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Nginx如何支持HTTPS？手把手教贼简单！ | mall学习教程
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aria-label="解放双手！MyBatis官方代码生成工具给力！"><!---->解放双手！MyBatis官方代码生成工具给力！<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link auto-link vp-sidebar-link" href="/mall/reference/lombok_start.html" aria-label="Lombok有啥牛皮的？SpringBoot和IDEA官方都要支持它！"><!---->Lombok有啥牛皮的？SpringBoot和IDEA官方都要支持它！<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link auto-link vp-sidebar-link" href="/mall/reference/mybatis_start.html" aria-label="MyBatis这样用，同事直呼哇塞，堪称最佳实践！"><!---->MyBatis这样用，同事直呼哇塞，堪称最佳实践！<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link auto-link vp-sidebar-link" href="/mall/reference/springboot_annotation.html" aria-label="肝了一周总结的SpringBoot常用注解大全，看完就炉火纯青了！"><!---->肝了一周总结的SpringBoot常用注解大全，看完就炉火纯青了！<!----></a></li></ul></section></li></ul><!----></aside><!--[--><main id="main-content" class="vp-page"><!--[--><!--[--><div class="theme-hope-content" style="margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:-30px;"><p>学习不走弯路，通过<a href="https://www.macrozheng.com/mall/foreword/mall_video.html">《mall视频教程（最新版）》</a>，使用更系统、高效的方式来学习mall电商实战项目吧！</p></div><!--]--><!----><nav class="vp-breadcrumb disable"></nav><div class="vp-page-title"><h1><!---->Nginx如何支持HTTPS？手把手教贼简单！</h1><div class="page-info"><span class="page-author-info" aria-label="作者🖊" data-balloon-pos="up"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon author-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="author icon" name="author"><path d="M649.6 633.6c86.4-48 147.2-144 147.2-249.6 0-160-128-288-288-288s-288 128-288 288c0 108.8 57.6 201.6 147.2 249.6-121.6 48-214.4 153.6-240 288-3.2 9.6 0 19.2 6.4 25.6 3.2 9.6 12.8 12.8 22.4 12.8h704c9.6 0 19.2-3.2 25.6-12.8 6.4-6.4 9.6-16 6.4-25.6-25.6-134.4-121.6-240-243.2-288z"></path></svg><span><a class="page-author-item" href="https://www.macrozheng.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">macrozheng</a></span><span property="author" content="macrozheng"></span></span><span class="page-category-info" aria-label="分类🌈" data-balloon-pos="up"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon category-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="category icon" name="category"><path d="M148.41 106.992h282.176c22.263 0 40.31 18.048 40.31 40.31V429.48c0 22.263-18.047 40.31-40.31 40.31H148.41c-22.263 0-40.311-18.047-40.311-40.31V147.302c0-22.263 18.048-40.31 40.311-40.31zM147.556 553.478H429.73c22.263 0 40.311 18.048 40.311 40.31v282.176c0 22.263-18.048 40.312-40.31 40.312H147.555c-22.263 0-40.311-18.049-40.311-40.312V593.79c0-22.263 18.048-40.311 40.31-40.311zM593.927 106.992h282.176c22.263 0 40.31 18.048 40.31 40.31V429.48c0 22.263-18.047 40.31-40.31 40.31H593.927c-22.263 0-40.311-18.047-40.311-40.31V147.302c0-22.263 18.048-40.31 40.31-40.31zM730.22 920.502H623.926c-40.925 0-74.22-33.388-74.22-74.425V623.992c0-41.038 33.387-74.424 74.425-74.424h222.085c41.038 0 74.424 33.226 74.424 74.067v114.233c0 10.244-8.304 18.548-18.547 18.548s-18.548-8.304-18.548-18.548V623.635c0-20.388-16.746-36.974-37.33-36.974H624.13c-20.585 0-37.331 16.747-37.331 37.33v222.086c0 20.585 16.654 37.331 37.126 37.331H730.22c10.243 0 18.547 8.304 18.547 18.547 0 10.244-8.304 18.547-18.547 18.547z"></path></svg><!--[--><span class="page-category-item color8 clickable" role="navigation">mall学习教程</span><span class="page-category-item color8 clickable" role="navigation">参考篇</span><!--]--><meta property="articleSection" content="mall学习教程,参考篇"></span><span class="page-tag-info" aria-label="标签🏷" data-balloon-pos="up"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon tag-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="tag icon" name="tag"><path d="M939.902 458.563L910.17 144.567c-1.507-16.272-14.465-29.13-30.737-30.737L565.438 84.098h-.402c-3.215 0-5.726 1.005-7.634 2.913l-470.39 470.39a10.004 10.004 0 000 14.164l365.423 365.424c1.909 1.908 4.42 2.913 7.132 2.913s5.223-1.005 7.132-2.913l470.39-470.39c2.01-2.11 3.014-5.023 2.813-8.036zm-240.067-72.121c-35.458 0-64.286-28.828-64.286-64.286s28.828-64.285 64.286-64.285 64.286 28.828 64.286 64.285-28.829 64.286-64.286 64.286z"></path></svg><!--[--><span class="page-tag-item color7 clickable" role="navigation">Nginx</span><!--]--><meta property="keywords" content="Nginx"></span></div><hr></div><div class="vp-toc-placeholder"><aside id="toc"><!----><div class="vp-toc-header">此页内容<!----><div class="arrow end"></div></div><div class="vp-toc-wrapper"><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#生成ssl自签名证书">生成SSL自签名证书</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#nginx支持https">Nginx支持HTTPS</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#安装nginx">安装Nginx</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#配置支持https">配置支持HTTPS</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level2" href="#使用受信任的证书">使用受信任的证书</a></li><li><ul class="vp-toc-list"><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#阿里云证书">阿里云证书</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#freessl证书">FreeSSL证书</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="vp-toc-item"><a class="route-link vp-toc-link level3" href="#使用acme-sh自动申请证书">使用acme.sh自动申请证书</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></li><!--]--></ul><div class="vp-toc-marker" style="top:-1.7rem;"></div></div><!----></aside></div><!----><div class="theme-hope-content"><h1 id="nginx如何支持https-手把手教贼简单" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#nginx如何支持https-手把手教贼简单"><span>Nginx如何支持HTTPS？手把手教贼简单！</span></a></h1><blockquote><p>随着我们网站用户的增多，我们会逐渐意识到HTTPS加密的重要性。在不修改现有代码的情况下，要从HTTP升级到HTTPS，让Nginx支持HTTPS是个很好的选择。今天我们来讲下如何从Nginx入手，从HTTP升级到HTTPS，同时支持静态网站和SpringBoot应用，希望对大家有所帮助！</p></blockquote><!-- more --><h2 id="生成ssl自签名证书" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#生成ssl自签名证书"><span>生成SSL自签名证书</span></a></h2><blockquote><p>虽然自签名证书浏览器认为并不是安全的，但是学习下SSL证书的生成还是很有必要的！</p></blockquote><ul><li>首先创建SSL证书私钥，期间需要输入两次用户名和密码，生成文件为<code>blog.key</code>；</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" data-title="bash" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">openssl</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> genrsa</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -des3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -out</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> blog.key</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> 2048</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>利用私钥生成一个不需要输入密码的密钥文件，生成文件为<code>blog_nopass.key</code>；</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" data-title="bash" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">openssl</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> rsa</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -in</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> blog.key</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -out</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> blog_nopass.key</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>创建SSL证书签名请求文件，生成SSL证书时需要使用到，生成文件为<code>blog.csr</code>；</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" data-title="bash" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">openssl</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> req</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -new</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -key</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> blog.key</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -out</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> blog.csr</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>在生成过程中，我们需要输入一些信息，需要注意的是<code>Common Name</code>需要和网站域名一致；</li></ul><div class="language- line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="" data-title="" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span>Enter pass phrase for blog.key:</span></span> <span class="line"><span>-----</span></span> <span class="line"><span>Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN # 国家代码</span></span> <span class="line"><span>State or Province Name (full name) []:jiangsu # 省份</span></span> <span class="line"><span>Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:jiangsu # 城市</span></span> <span class="line"><span>Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:macrozheng # 机构名称</span></span> <span class="line"><span>Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:dev # 单位名称</span></span> <span class="line"><span>Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:blog.macrozheng.com # 网站域名</span></span> <span class="line"><span>Email Address []:macrozheng@qq.com # 邮箱</span></span> <span class="line"><span></span></span> <span class="line"><span>Please enter the following 'extra' attributes</span></span> <span class="line"><span>to be sent with your certificate request</span></span> <span class="line"><span>A challenge password []: # 私钥保护密码,可以不输入直接回车</span></span> <span class="line"><span>An optional company name []: # 可选公司名称，可以不输入直接回车</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>生成SSL证书，有效期为365天，生成文件为<code>blog.crt</code>；</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" data-title="bash" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">openssl</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> x509</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -req</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -days</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> 365</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -in</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> blog.csr</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -signkey</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> blog.key</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -out</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> blog.crt</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>其实最终有用的文件是两个，一个是证书文件<code>blog.crt</code>，另一个是不需要输入密码的证书私钥文件<code>blog_nopass.key</code>。</li></ul><h2 id="nginx支持https" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#nginx支持https"><span>Nginx支持HTTPS</span></a></h2><blockquote><p>SSL证书生成好了，接下来我们就可以配置Nginx来支持HTTPS了！</p></blockquote><h3 id="安装nginx" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#安装nginx"><span>安装Nginx</span></a></h3><ul><li>我们还是使用在Docker容器中安装Nginx的方式，先下载Nginx的Docker镜像；</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" data-title="bash" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> pull</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> nginx:1.10</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>下载完成后先运行一次Nginx，由于之后我们要把宿主机的Nginx配置文件映射到Docker容器中去，运行一次方便我们拷贝默认配置；</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" data-title="bash" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> run</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> 80:80</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> --name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> nginx</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#56B6C2;"> \</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ABB2BF;">-v </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;">/mydata/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#56B6C2;"> \</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ABB2BF;">-v </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;">/mydata/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#56B6C2;"> \</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ABB2BF;">-d </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;">nginx:1.10</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>运行成功后将容器中的Nginx配置目录拷贝到宿主机上去；</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" data-title="bash" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> container</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> cp</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> nginx:/etc/nginx</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> /mydata/nginx/</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>将宿主机上的<code>nginx</code>目录改名为<code>conf</code>，要不然<code>/mydata/nginx/nginx</code>这个配置文件目录看着有点别扭；</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" data-title="bash" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">mv</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> /mydata/nginx/nginx</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> /mydata/nginx/conf</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>创建的Nginx容器复制完配置后就没用了，停止并删除容器；</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" data-title="bash" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> stop</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> nginx</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> rm</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> nginx</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>使用Docker命令重新启动Nginx服务，需要映射好配置文件，由于我们要支持HTTPS，还需要开放<code>443</code>端口。</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" data-title="bash" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">docker</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> run</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> 80:80</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> -p</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> 443:443</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#D19A66;"> --name</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> nginx</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#56B6C2;"> \</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ABB2BF;">-v </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;">/mydata/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#56B6C2;"> \</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ABB2BF;">-v </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;">/mydata/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#56B6C2;"> \</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ABB2BF;">-v </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;">/mydata/nginx/conf:/etc/nginx</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#56B6C2;"> \</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ABB2BF;">-d </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;">nginx:1.10</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="配置支持https" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#配置支持https"><span>配置支持HTTPS</span></a></h3><ul><li>将我们生成好的SSL证书和私钥拷贝到Nginx的<code>html/ssl</code>目录下；</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" data-title="bash" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">cp</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> blog_nopass.key</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> /mydata/nginx/html/ssl/</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">cp</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> blog.crt</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#98C379;"> /mydata/nginx/html/ssl/</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>接下来我们需要给<code>blog.macrozheng.com</code>这个域名添加HTTPS支持，在<code>/mydata/nginx/conf/conf.d/</code>目录下添加Nginx配置文件<code>blog.conf</code>，配置文件内容如下；</li></ul><div class="language- line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="" data-title="" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span>server {</span></span> <span class="line"><span> listen 80; # 同时支持HTTP</span></span> <span class="line"><span> listen 443 ssl; # 添加HTTPS支持</span></span> <span class="line"><span> server_name blog.macrozheng.com;</span></span> <span class="line"><span> </span></span> <span class="line"><span> #SSL配置</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_certificate /usr/share/nginx/html/ssl/blog/blog.crt; # 配置证书</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_certificate_key /usr/share/nginx/html/ssl/blog/blog_nopass.key; # 配置证书私钥</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; # 配置SSL协议版本</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE; # 配置SSL加密算法</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # 优先采取服务器算法</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m; # 配置共享会话缓存大小</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_session_timeout 10m; # 配置会话超时时间</span></span> <span class="line"><span></span></span> <span class="line"><span> location / {</span></span> <span class="line"><span> root /usr/share/nginx/html/www;</span></span> <span class="line"><span> index index.html index.htm;</span></span> <span class="line"><span> }</span></span> <span class="line"><span></span></span> <span class="line"><span> location /admin {</span></span> <span class="line"><span> alias /usr/share/nginx/html/admin;</span></span> <span class="line"><span> index index.html index.htm;</span></span> <span class="line"><span> }</span></span> <span class="line"><span></span></span> <span class="line"><span> location /app {</span></span> <span class="line"><span> alias /usr/share/nginx/html/app;</span></span> <span class="line"><span> index index.html index.htm;</span></span> <span class="line"><span> }</span></span> <span class="line"><span></span></span> <span class="line"><span> error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;</span></span> <span class="line"><span> location = /50x.html {</span></span> <span class="line"><span> root /usr/share/nginx/html;</span></span> <span class="line"><span> }</span></span> <span class="line"><span>}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>通过<code>HTTPS</code>访问<code>blog.macrozheng.com</code>这个域名，由于我们使用的是自己签名的SSL证书，浏览器会提示<code>您的连接不是私密连接</code>，点击继续前往可以通过HTTPS正常访问；</li></ul><figure><img src="/assets/nginx_https_start_01-DW0lLoFP.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><ul><li>我们可以查看下证书的<code>颁发者</code>信息，可以发现正好是之前我们创建SSL证书签名请求文件时录入的信息；</li></ul><figure><img src="/assets/nginx_https_start_02-C7ITpkKS.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><ul><li>接下来我们需要给<code>api.macrozheng.com</code>这个域名添加HTTPS支持，通过这个域名可以使用HTTPS访问我们的SpringBoot应用，<code>api.crt</code>和<code>api_nopass.key</code>文件需要自行生成，在<code>/mydata/nginx/conf/conf.d/</code>目录下添加Nginx配置文件<code>api.conf</code>，配置文件内容如下；</li></ul><div class="language- line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="" data-title="" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span>server {</span></span> <span class="line"><span> listen 80; # 同时支持HTTP</span></span> <span class="line"><span> listen 443 ssl; # 添加HTTPS支持</span></span> <span class="line"><span> server_name api.macrozheng.com; #修改域名</span></span> <span class="line"><span></span></span> <span class="line"><span> #ssl配置</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_certificate /usr/share/nginx/html/ssl/api/api.crt; # 配置证书</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_certificate_key /usr/share/nginx/html/ssl/api/api_nopass.key; # 配置证书私钥</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; # 配置SSL协议版本 # 配置SSL加密算法</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # 优先采取服务器算法</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m; # 配置共享会话缓存大小</span></span> <span class="line"><span> ssl_session_timeout 10m; # 配置会话超时时间</span></span> <span class="line"><span></span></span> <span class="line"><span> location / {</span></span> <span class="line"><span> proxy_pass http://192.168.3.101:8080; # 设置代理服务访问地址</span></span> <span class="line"><span> proxy_set_header Host $http_host; # 设置客户端真实的域名（包括端口号）</span></span> <span class="line"><span> proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; # 设置客户端真实IP</span></span> <span class="line"><span> proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; # 设置在多层代理时会包含真实客户端及中间每个代理服务器的IP</span></span> <span class="line"><span> proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; # 设置客户端真实的协议（http还是https）</span></span> <span class="line"><span> index index.html index.htm;</span></span> <span class="line"><span> }</span></span> <span class="line"><span></span></span> <span class="line"><span> error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;</span></span> <span class="line"><span> location = /50x.html {</span></span> <span class="line"><span> root /usr/share/nginx/html;</span></span> <span class="line"><span> }</span></span> <span class="line"><span>}</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>通过<code>HTTPS</code>访问<code>api.macrozheng.com</code>这个域名，访问地址为：https://api.macrozheng.com/swagger-ui.html</li></ul><figure><img src="/assets/nginx_https_start_03-BbD8PNYF.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><ul><li>任意调用一个接口测试下，比如说登录接口，可以发现已经可以通过HTTPS正常访问SpringBoot应用提供的接口。</li></ul><figure><img src="/assets/nginx_https_start_04-DLJgZQS8.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><h2 id="使用受信任的证书" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#使用受信任的证书"><span>使用受信任的证书</span></a></h2><blockquote><p>之前我们使用的是自签名的SSL证书，对于浏览器来说是无效的。使用权威机构颁发的SSL证书浏览器才会认为是有效的，这里给大家推荐两种申请免费SSL证书的方法，一种是从阿里云申请，另一种是从FreeSSL申请。</p></blockquote><h3 id="阿里云证书" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#阿里云证书"><span>阿里云证书</span></a></h3><ul><li>阿里云上可以申请的免费证书目前只有支持单个域名的DV级SSL证书。比如说你有<code>blog.macrozheng.com</code>和<code>api.macrozheng.com</code>两个二级域名需要使用HTTPS，就需要申请两个SSL证书。</li></ul><figure><img src="/assets/nginx_https_start_05-C5X9KdxL.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><ul><li>申请成功后点击下载Nginx证书即可；</li></ul><figure><img src="/assets/nginx_https_start_06-DfmjVSgD.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><ul><li>下载完成后解压会有下面两个文件；</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="bash" data-title="bash" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">blog.macrozheng.com.key</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#7F848E;--shiki-light-font-style:inherit;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;"> # 证书私钥文件</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#61AFEF;">blog.macrozheng.com.pem</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#7F848E;--shiki-light-font-style:inherit;--shiki-dark-font-style:italic;"> # 证书文件</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>拷贝证书文件到Nginx的指定目录下，然后修改配置文件<code>blog.conf</code>，只要修改证书配置路径即可，修改完成后重启Nginx；</li></ul><div class="language- line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="" data-title="" style="--shiki-light:#24292e;--shiki-dark:#abb2bf;--shiki-light-bg:#fff;--shiki-dark-bg:#282c34;"><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span>#SSL配置</span></span> <span class="line"><span>ssl_certificate /usr/share/nginx/html/ssl/blog/blog.macrozheng.com.pem; # 配置证书</span></span> <span class="line"><span>ssl_certificate_key /usr/share/nginx/html/ssl/blog/blog.macrozheng.com.key; # 配置证书私钥</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>再次通过HTTPS访问<code>blog.macrozheng.com</code>这个域名，发现证书已经有效了，连接也是安全的了。</li></ul><figure><img src="/assets/nginx_https_start_07-BgGM3DAA.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><h3 id="freessl证书" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#freessl证书"><span>FreeSSL证书</span></a></h3><ul><li>如果你有使用通配符域名的需求，可以上<code>FreeSSL</code>申请SSL证书，不过免费的有效期只有3个月，这就意味着你过3个月就要重新申请一次了。</li></ul><figure><img src="/assets/nginx_https_start_08-BOVzVlTE.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><ul><li>附上官网地址：https://freessl.cn/</li></ul><h3 id="使用acme-sh自动申请证书" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#使用acme-sh自动申请证书"><span>使用<code>acme.sh</code>自动申请证书</span></a></h3><ul><li><code>acme.sh</code>脚本实现了<code>acme</code>协议, 可以从<code>letsencrypt</code>生成免费的证书。一般我们申请的证书有效期都是1年，过期就要重新申请了，使用<code>acme.sh</code>脚本可以实现到期自动申请，再也不用担心证书过期了！</li></ul><figure><img src="/assets/nginx_https_start_09-dxz6OW7U.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><ul><li>附上官网地址：https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh</li></ul></div><!----><footer class="vp-page-meta"><!----><div class="vp-meta-item git-info"><div class="update-time"><span class="vp-meta-label">上次编辑于: </span><!----></div><div class="contributors"><span class="vp-meta-label">贡献者: </span><!--[--><!--[--><span class="vp-meta-info" title="email: zhenghong1991@126.com">macro</span><!--]--><!--]--></div></div></footer><nav class="vp-page-nav"><a 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