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Pike</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Brianna Pike"> <meta name="keywords" content="Brianna Pike"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Brianna Pike"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 15</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Brianna Pike</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Increasing Sexual Safety Awareness and Capacity for Mental Health Professionals </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tara%20Hunter">Tara Hunter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kristine%20Concepcion"> Kristine Concepcion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wendy%20Cheng"> Wendy Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brianna%20Pike"> Brianna Pike</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jane%20Estoesta"> Jane Estoesta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anne%20Stuart"> Anne Stuart</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 2015, Family Planning NSW was contracted by the NSW Ministry of Health to design and deliver Sexual Safety Policy training (SSPT) to mental health professionals across NSW. The training was based on their current guidelines and developed in consultation with an expert reference group. From October 2015 to April 2017 it was delivered to over 2,400 mental health professionals with a view to supporting implementation of consistent prevention and intervention related to sexual safety in the mental health setting. An evaluation was undertaken to determine the knowledge and confidence of participants related to sexual safety before and after the training, and whether any improvements were translated into changes in practice. Participants were invited to complete a survey prior to the training, upon completion and three to six months thereafter. Telephone interviews were conducted among service managers and mental health champions six months post-training. Prior to training, the majority of mental health professionals reported being slightly to moderately confident in identifying a sexual safety incident. When asked on their understanding of sexual safety, gender sensitive practice and trauma informed care, they reported no confidence, slight confidence and moderate confidence. Immediately after the training, 54.5% reported being very confident and 10.9% extremely confident in identifying a sexual safety incident. More than half felt very confident or extremely confident in their understanding of sexual safety principles. The impact survey (six months later) found that the majority of participants (91%) were highly confident in identifying a sexual safety incident. Telephone interviewees reported a change in workplace culture and increased awareness after the training. Mental health professionals experienced increased knowledge and confidence about sexual safety principles following the training and were able to implement positive changes and concrete actions to better address sexual safety issues in their workplace. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexual%20safety" title="sexual safety">sexual safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health%20professionals" title=" mental health professionals"> mental health professionals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma%20informed%20care" title=" trauma informed care"> trauma informed care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy%20training" title=" policy training"> policy training</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78917/increasing-sexual-safety-awareness-and-capacity-for-mental-health-professionals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78917.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Determination of Pesticides Residues in Tissue of Two Freshwater Fish Species by Modified QuEChERS Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iwona%20Cie%C5%9Blik">Iwona Cieślik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw%20Migda%C5%82"> Władysław Migdał</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kinga%20Topolska"> Kinga Topolska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ewa%20Cie%C5%9Blik"> Ewa Cieślik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The consumption of fish is recommended as a means of preventing serious diseases, especially cardiovascular problems. Fish is known to be a valuable source of protein (rich in essential amino acids), unsaturated fatty acids, fat-soluble vitamins, macro- and microelements. However, it can also contain several contaminants (e.g. pesticides, heavy metals) that may pose considerable risks for humans. Among others, pesticide are of special concern. Their widespread use has resulted in the contamination of environmental compartments, including water. The occurrence of pesticides in the environment is a serious problem, due to their potential toxicity. Therefore, a systematic monitoring is needed. The aim of the study was to determine the organochlorine and organophosphate pesticide residues in fish muscle tissues of the pike (Esox lucius, L.) and the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykkis, Walbaum) by a modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) method, using Gas Chromatography Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (GC/Q-MS), working in selected-ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The analysis of α-HCH, β-HCH, lindane, diazinon, disulfoton, δ-HCH, methyl parathion, heptachlor, malathion, aldrin, parathion, heptachlor epoxide, γ-chlordane, endosulfan, α-chlordane, o,p'-DDE, dieldrin, endrin, 4,4'-DDD, ethion, endrin aldehyde, endosulfan sulfate, 4,4'-DDT, and metoxychlor was performed in the samples collected in the Carp Valley (Malopolska region, Poland). The age of the pike (n=6) was 3 years and its weight was 2-3 kg, while the age of the rainbow trout (n=6) was 0.5 year and its weight was 0.5-1.0 kg. Detectable pesticide (HCH isomers, endosulfan isomers, DDT and its metabolites as well as metoxychlor) residues were present in fish samples. However, all these compounds were below the limit of quantification (LOQ). The other examined pesticide residues were below the limit of detection (LOD). Therefore, the levels of contamination were - in all cases - below the default Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs), established by Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council. The monitoring of pesticide residues content in fish is required to minimize potential adverse effects on the environment and human exposure to these contaminants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contaminants" title="contaminants">contaminants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish" title=" fish"> fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pesticides%20residues" title=" pesticides residues"> pesticides residues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QuEChERS%20method" title=" QuEChERS method"> QuEChERS method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46809/determination-of-pesticides-residues-in-tissue-of-two-freshwater-fish-species-by-modified-quechers-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46809.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> The Mitigation of Human Trafficking through Agricultural Development: A Proactive International Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brianna%20Douglas">Brianna Douglas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A literary Meta-Analysis was conducted in order to form a proactive solution to the systematic issue of international human trafficking stemming from the Asia-Pacific region. This approach seeks to resolve the low economic prospect for women in the region, along with other identified drivers, to mitigate human trafficking before it begins. Through the reallocation of aid in agriculture, implementation of an education-for-education model, and provision of access to market information to the women in rural regions, the retraction of both the supply and international demand curves of trafficked humans is possible; resulting in the shutdown of the market as a whole. This report provides a basic and adaptable proposal to mitigation the selling of Asia Pacific women within international trafficking schemes with byproduct effects of increasing food, sustainability and decreasing government spending. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20trafficking" title="human trafficking">human trafficking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20development" title=" agricultural development"> agricultural development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asia%20Pacific" title=" Asia Pacific"> Asia Pacific</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%27s%20empowerment" title=" women's empowerment"> women's empowerment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95535/the-mitigation-of-human-trafficking-through-agricultural-development-a-proactive-international-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95535.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Impacts of Racialization: Exploring the Relationships between Racial Discrimination, Racial Identity, and Activism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brianna%20Z.%20Ross">Brianna Z. Ross</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20N.%20Livingston"> Jonathan N. Livingston</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Given that discussions of racism and racial tensions have become more salient, there is a need to evaluate the impacts of racialization among Black individuals. Racial discrimination has become one of the most common experiences within the Black American population. Likewise, Black individuals have indicated a need to address their racial identities at an earlier age than their non-Black peers. Further, Black individuals have been found at the forefront of multiple social and political movements, including but not limited to the Civil Rights Movement, Black Lives Matter, MeToo, and Say Her Name. Moreover, the present study sought to explore the predictive relationships that exist between racial discrimination, racial identity, and activism in the Black community. The results of standard and hierarchical regression analyses revealed that racial discrimination and racial identity significantly predict each other, but only racial discrimination is a significant predictor for the relationship to activism. Nonetheless, the results from this study will provide a basis for social scientists to better understand the impacts of racialization on the Black American population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activism" title="activism">activism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=racialization" title=" racialization"> racialization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=racial%20discrimination" title=" racial discrimination"> racial discrimination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=racial%20identity" title=" racial identity"> racial identity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129426/impacts-of-racialization-exploring-the-relationships-between-racial-discrimination-racial-identity-and-activism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129426.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Half-Human: Examining Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation Effects on Dehumanization Tendencies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brianna%20Ross">Brianna Ross</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Sollers"> John Sollers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Edwards"> Christopher Edwards</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the age of heightened social and political discourse, there is a tendency for individuals and media sources to use dehumanization as a tool to influence group thoughts and attitudes. When considering individual interactions, there is a need to determine what characteristics increase or predict dehumanization. The present study investigated dehumanization tendencies related to social dominance orientation (SDO) and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) while factoring in political affiliation. Two-hundred and seven individuals participated in an anonymous study to reveal that there was a significant relationship between high SDO and high RWA scores. There was also a significant correlation between the dehumanization of Black Lives Matter and SDO. These findings suggest that those who are “double high” (scoring highly on both SDO and RWA are more likely to dehumanize others, particularly social groups they disagree with. Acknowledging that there are significant changes occurring in the sociopolitical atmosphere, it is essential that researchers understand dehumanization tendencies in modern society to better define the concept of othering and its consequences on social interaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dehumanization" title="dehumanization">dehumanization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20dominance%20orientation" title=" social dominance orientation"> social dominance orientation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=right-wing%20authoritarianism" title=" right-wing authoritarianism"> right-wing authoritarianism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20affiliation" title=" political affiliation"> political affiliation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129328/half-human-examining-right-wing-authoritarianism-and-social-dominance-orientation-effects-on-dehumanization-tendencies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129328.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Analysis of the Lung Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis Patients Using 16S Sequencing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manasvi%20Pinnaka">Manasvi Pinnaka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brianna%20Chrisman"> Brianna Chrisman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cystic fibrosis patients often develop lung infections that range anywhere in severity from mild to life-threatening due to the presence of thick and sticky mucus that fills their airways. Since many of these infections are chronic, they not only affect a patient’s ability to breathe but also increase the chances of mortality by respiratory failure. With a publicly available dataset of DNA sequences from bacterial species in the lung microbiome of cystic fibrosis patients, the correlations between different microbial species in the lung and the extent of deterioration of lung function were investigated. 16S sequencing technologies were used to determine the microbiome composition of the samples in the dataset. For the statistical analyses, referencing helped distinguish between taxonomies, and the proportions of certain taxa relative to another were determined. It was found that the Fusobacterium, Actinomyces, and Leptotrichia microbial types all had a positive correlation with the FEV1 score, indicating the potential displacement of these species by pathogens as the disease progresses. However, the dominant pathogens themselves, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, did not have statistically significant negative correlations with the FEV1 score as described by past literature. Examining the lung microbiology of cystic fibrosis patients can help with the prediction of the current condition of lung function, with the potential to guide doctors when designing personalized treatment plans for patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacterial%20infections" title="bacterial infections">bacterial infections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cystic%20fibrosis" title=" cystic fibrosis"> cystic fibrosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lung%20microbiome" title=" lung microbiome"> lung microbiome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=16S%20sequencing" title=" 16S sequencing"> 16S sequencing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161103/analysis-of-the-lung-microbiome-in-cystic-fibrosis-patients-using-16s-sequencing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161103.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> De Novo Design of a Minimal Catalytic Di-Nickel Peptide Capable of Sustained Hydrogen Evolution </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saroj%20Poudel">Saroj Poudel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joshua%20Mancini"> Joshua Mancini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Douglas%20Pike"> Douglas Pike</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jennifer%20Timm"> Jennifer Timm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexei%20Tyryshkin"> Alexei Tyryshkin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikas%20Nanda"> Vikas Nanda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Falkowski"> Paul Falkowski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> On the early Earth, protein-metal complexes likely harvested energy from a reduced environment. These complexes would have been precursors to the metabolic enzymes of ancient organisms. Hydrogenase is an essential enzyme in most anaerobic organisms for the reduction and oxidation of hydrogen in the environment and is likely one of the earliest evolved enzymes. To attempt to reinvent a precursor to modern hydrogenase, we computationally designed a short thirteen amino acid peptide that binds the often-required catalytic transition metal Nickel in hydrogenase. This simple complex can achieve hundreds of hydrogen evolution cycles using light energy in a broad range of temperature and pH. Biophysical and structural investigations strongly indicate the peptide forms a di-nickel active site analogous to Acetyl-CoA synthase, an ancient protein central to carbon reduction in the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway and capable of hydrogen evolution. This work demonstrates that prior to the complex evolution of multidomain enzymes, early peptide-metal complexes could have catalyzed energy transfer from the environment on the early Earth and enabled the evolution of modern metabolism <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogenase" title="hydrogenase">hydrogenase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prebiotic%20enzyme" title=" prebiotic enzyme"> prebiotic enzyme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metalloenzyme" title=" metalloenzyme"> metalloenzyme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20design" title=" computational design"> computational design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138342/de-novo-design-of-a-minimal-catalytic-di-nickel-peptide-capable-of-sustained-hydrogen-evolution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138342.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">216</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Assessment of Landfill Pollution Load on Hydroecosystem by Use of Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation Data in Fish</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gintar%C4%97%20Sauliut%C4%97">Gintarė Sauliutė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gintaras%20Svecevi%C4%8Dius"> Gintaras Svecevičius</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Landfill leachates contain a number of persistent pollutants, including heavy metals. They have the ability to spread in ecosystems and accumulate in fish which most of them are classified as top-consumers of trophic chains. Fish are freely swimming organisms; but perhaps, due to their species-specific ecological and behavioral properties, they often prefer the most suitable biotopes and therefore, did not avoid harmful substances or environments. That is why it is necessary to evaluate the persistent pollutant dispersion in hydroecosystem using fish tissue metal concentration. In hydroecosystems of hybrid type (e.g. river-pond-river) the distance from the pollution source could be a perfect indicator of such a kind of metal distribution. The studies were carried out in the Kairiai landfill neighboring hybrid-type ecosystem which is located 5 km east of the Šiauliai City. Fish tissue (gills, liver, and muscle) metal concentration measurements were performed on two types of ecologically-different fishes according to their feeding characteristics: benthophagous (Gibel carp, roach) and predatory (Northern pike, perch). A number of mathematical models (linear, non-linear, using log and other transformations) have been applied in order to identify the most satisfactorily description of the interdependence between fish tissue metal concentration and the distance from the pollution source. However, the only one log-multiple regression model revealed the pattern that the distance from the pollution source is closely and positively correlated with metal concentration in all predatory fish tissues studied (gills, liver, and muscle). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioaccumulation%20in%20fish" title="bioaccumulation in fish">bioaccumulation in fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroecosystem" title=" hydroecosystem"> hydroecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landfill%20leachate" title=" landfill leachate"> landfill leachate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38404/assessment-of-landfill-pollution-load-on-hydroecosystem-by-use-of-heavy-metal-bioaccumulation-data-in-fish" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38404.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Pupil Size: A Measure of Identification Memory in Target Present Lineups</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camilla%20Elphick">Camilla Elphick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Graham%20Hole"> Graham Hole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Hutton"> Samuel Hutton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Graham%20Pike"> Graham Pike</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pupil size has been found to change irrespective of luminosity, suggesting that it can be used to make inferences about cognitive processes, such as cognitive load. To see whether identifying a target requires a different cognitive load to rejecting distractors, the effect of viewing a target (compared with viewing distractors) on pupil size was investigated using a sequential video lineup procedure with two lineup sessions. Forty one participants were chosen randomly via the university. Pupil sizes were recorded when viewing pre target distractors and post target distractors and compared to pupil size when viewing the target. Overall, pupil size was significantly larger when viewing the target compared with viewing distractors. In the first session, pupil size changes were significantly different between participants who identified the target (Hits) and those who did not. Specifically, the pupil size of Hits reduced significantly after viewing the target (by 26%), suggesting that cognitive load reduced following identification. The pupil sizes of Misses (who made no identification) and False Alarms (who misidentified a distractor) did not reduce, suggesting that the cognitive load remained high in participants who failed to make the correct identification. In the second session, pupil sizes were smaller overall, suggesting that cognitive load was smaller in this session, and there was no significant difference between Hits, Misses and False Alarms. Furthermore, while the frequency of Hits increased, so did False Alarms. These two findings suggest that the benefits of including a second session remain uncertain, as the second session neither provided greater accuracy nor a reliable way to measure it. It is concluded that pupil size is a measure of face recognition strength in the first session of a target present lineup procedure. However, it is still not known whether cognitive load is an adequate explanation for this, or whether cognitive engagement might describe the effect more appropriately. If cognitive load and cognitive engagement can be teased apart with further investigation, this would have positive implications for understanding eyewitness identification. Nevertheless, this research has the potential to provide a tool for improving the reliability of lineup procedures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20load" title="cognitive load">cognitive load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eyewitness%20identification" title=" eyewitness identification"> eyewitness identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=face%20recognition" title=" face recognition"> face recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pupillometry" title=" pupillometry"> pupillometry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65435/pupil-size-a-measure-of-identification-memory-in-target-present-lineups" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65435.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Voluntary Water Intake of Flavored Water in Euhydrated Horses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brianna%20M.%20Soule">Brianna M. Soule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jesslyn%20A.%20Bryk-Lucy"> Jesslyn A. Bryk-Lucy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20M.%20Ritchie"> Linda M. Ritchie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Colic, defined as abdominal pain in the horse, has several known predisposing factors. Decreased water intake has been shown to predispose equines to impaction colic. The objective of this study was to determine if offering flavored water (sweet feed or banana extract) would increase voluntary water intake in horses to serve as an assessable, noninvasive method for farm managers, veterinarians, or owners to decrease the risk of impaction colic. An a priori power analysis, which was conducted using G*Power version 3.1.9.7, indicated that the minimum sample size required to achieve 80% power for detecting a large effect at a significance level of α = .05 was 19 horses for a one-way repeated measures ANOVA with three treatment levels and assuming a non-sphericity correction of ε=0.5. After a three-day control period, 21 horses were randomly divided into two sequences and offered either banana or sweet feed flavored water. Horses always had a bucket of unflavored water available. A repeated measure study design was used to measure water consumption of each horse over a 62-hour period. A one-way repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to determine whether there were statistically significant differences among the means for the three-day average water intake (ml/kg). Although not statistically significant (F(2, 38) = 1.28, p = .290, partial η2 = .063), the three-day average water intake was largest for banana flavored water (M = 53.51, SD = 9.25 ml/kg), followed by sweet feed (M = 52.93, SD = 11.99 ml/kg), and, finally, unflavored water (M = 50.40, SD = 10.82 ml/kg). Paired-samples t-tests were used to determine whether there was a statistically significant difference between the three-day average water intake (ml/kg) for flavored versus unflavored water. The average unflavored water intake (M = 29.3 ml/kg, SD = 8.9) over the measurement period was greater than the banana flavored water (M = 27.7 ml/kg, SD = 9.8), but the average consumption of the sweet feed flavored water (M = 30.4 ml/kg, SD = 14.6) was greater than unflavored water (M = 24.3 ml/kg, SD = 11.4). None of these differences in average intake were statistically significant (p > .244). Future research is warranted to determine if other flavors significantly increase voluntary water intake in horses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colic" title="colic">colic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equine" title=" equine"> equine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equine%20science" title=" equine science"> equine science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20intake" title=" water intake"> water intake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavored%20water" title=" flavored water"> flavored water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horses" title=" horses"> horses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equine%20management" title=" equine management"> equine management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equine%20health" title=" equine health"> equine health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horse%20health" title=" horse health"> horse health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horse%20health%20care%20management" title=" horse health care management"> horse health care management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colic%20prevention" title=" colic prevention"> colic prevention</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148648/voluntary-water-intake-of-flavored-water-in-euhydrated-horses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Making Sense of C. G. Jung’s Red Book and Black Books: Masonic Rites and Trauma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lynn%20Brunet">Lynn Brunet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 2019 the author published a book-length study examining Jung’s Red Book. This study consisted of a close reading of each of the chapters in Liber Novus, focussing on the fantasies themselves and Jung’s accompanying paintings. It found that the plots, settings, characters and symbolism in each of these fantasies are not entirely original but remarkably similar to those found in some of the higher degrees of Continental Freemasonry. Jung was the grandson of his namesake, C.G. Jung (1794–1864), who was a Freemason and one-time Grand Master of the Swiss Masonic Lodge. The study found that the majority of Jung’s fantasies are very similar to those of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, practiced in Switzerland during the time of Jung’s childhood. It argues that the fantasies appear to be memories of a series of terrifying initiatory ordeals conducted using spurious versions of the Masonic rites. Spurious Freemasonry is a term that Masons use for the ‘irregular’ or illegitimate use of the rituals and are not sanctioned by the Order. Since the 1980s there have been multiple reports of ritual trauma amongst a wide variety of organizations, cults and religious groups that psychologists, counsellors, social workers, and forensic scientists have confirmed. The abusive use of Masonic rites features frequently in these reports. This initial study allows a reading of The Red Book that makes sense of the obscure references, bizarre scenarios and intense emotional trauma described by Jung throughout Liber Novus. It suggests that Jung appears to have undergone a cruel initiatory process as a child. The author is currently examining the extra material found in Jung’s Black Books and the results are confirming the original discoveries and demonstrating a number of aspects not covered in the first publication. These include the complex layering of ancient gods and belief systems in answer to Jung’s question, ‘In which underworld am I?’ It demonstrates that the majority of these ancient systems and their gods are discussed in a handbook for the Scottish Rite, Morals and Dogma by Albert Pike, but that the way they are presented by Philemon and his soul is intended to confuse him rather than clarify their purpose. This new study also examines Jung’s soul’s question ‘I am not a human being. What am I then?’ While further themes that emerge from the Black Books include his struggle with vanity and whether he should continue creating his ‘holy book’; and a comparison between Jung’s ‘mystery plays’ and examples from the Theatre of the Absurd. Overall, it demonstrates that Jung’s experience, while inexplicable in his own time, is now known to be the secret and abusive practice of initiation of the young found in a range of cults and religious groups in many first world countries. This paper will present a brief outline of the original study and then examine the themes that have emerged from the extra material found in the Black Books. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20G.%20Jung" title="C. G. Jung">C. G. Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20red%20book" title=" the red book"> the red book</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20black%20books" title=" the black books"> the black books</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masonic%20themes" title=" masonic themes"> masonic themes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma%20and%20dissociation" title=" trauma and dissociation"> trauma and dissociation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=initiation%20rites" title=" initiation rites"> initiation rites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secret%20societies" title=" secret societies"> secret societies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152472/making-sense-of-c-g-jungs-red-book-and-black-books-masonic-rites-and-trauma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Patterns of Change in Specific Behaviors of Autism Symptoms for Boys and for Girls Across Childhood</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Einat%20Waizbard">Einat Waizbard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emilio%20Ferrer"> Emilio Ferrer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meghan%20Miller"> Meghan Miller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brianna%20Heath"> Brianna Heath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Derek%20S.%20Andrews"> Derek S. Andrews</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sally%20J.%20Rogers"> Sally J. Rogers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christine%20Wu%20Nordahl"> Christine Wu Nordahl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marjorie%20Solomon"> Marjorie Solomon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20G.%20Amaral"> David G. Amaral</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Autism symptoms are comprised of social-communication deficits and restricted/repetitive behaviors (RRB). The severity of these symptoms can change during childhood, with differences between boys and girls. From the literature, it was found that young autistic girls show a stronger tendency to decrease and a weaker tendency to increase their overall autism symptom severity levels compared to young autistic boys. It is not clear, however, which symptoms are driving these sex differences across childhood. In the current study, we evaluated the trajectories of independent autism symptoms across childhood and compared the patterns of change in such symptoms between boys and girls. Method: The study included 183 children diagnosed with autism (55 girls) evaluated three times across childhood, at ages 3, 6 and 11. We analyzed 22 independent items from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Scheudule-2 (ADOS-2), the gold-standard assessment tool for autism symptoms, each item representing a specific autism symptom. First, we used latent growth curve models to estimate the trajectories for the 22 ADOS-2 items for each child in the study. Second, we extracted the factor scores representing the individual slopes for each ADOS-2 item (i.e., slope representing that child’s change in that specific item). Third, we used factor analysis to identify common patterns of change among the ADOS-2 items, separately for boys and girls, i.e., which autism symptoms tend to change together and which change independently across childhood. Results: The best-emerging patterns for both boys and girls identified four common factors: three factors representative of changes in social-communication symptoms and one factor describing changes in RRB. Boys and girls showed the same pattern of change in RRB, with four items (e.g., speech abnormalities) changing together across childhood and three items (e.g., mannerisms) changing independently of other items. For social-communication deficits in boys, three factors were identified: the first factor included six items representing initiating and engaging in social-communication (e.g., quality of social overtures, conversation), the second factor included five items describing responsive social-communication (e.g., response to name) and the third factor included three items related to different aspects of social-communication (e.g., level of language). Girls’ social-communications deficits also loaded onto three factors: the first factor included five items (e.g., unusual eye contact), the second factor included six items (e.g., quality of social response), and the third factor included four items (e.g., showing). Some items showed similar patterns of change for both sexes (e.g., responsive joint attention), while other items showed differences (e.g., shared enjoyment). Conclusions: Girls and boys had different patterns of change in autism symptom severity across childhood. For RRB, both sexes showed similar patterns. For social-communication symptoms, however, there were both similarities and differences between boys and girls in the way symptoms changed over time. The strongest patterns of change were identified for initiating and engaging in social communication for boys and responsive social communication for girls. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism%20spectrum%20disorder" title="autism spectrum disorder">autism spectrum disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism%20symptom%20severity" title=" autism symptom severity"> autism symptom severity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symptom%20trajectories" title=" symptom trajectories"> symptom trajectories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex%20differences" title=" sex differences"> sex differences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183593/patterns-of-change-in-specific-behaviors-of-autism-symptoms-for-boys-and-for-girls-across-childhood" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Developing Thai-UK Double Degree Programmes: An Exploratory Study Identifying Challenges, Competing Interests and Risks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joy%20Tweed">Joy Tweed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jon%20Pike"> Jon Pike</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Thailand, a 4.0 policy has been initiated that is designed to prepare and train an appropriate workforce to support the move to a value-based economy. One aspect of support for this policy is a project to encourage the creation of double degree programmes, specifically between Thai and UK universities. This research into the project, conducted with its key players, explores the factors that can either enable or hinder the development of such programmes. It is an area that has received little research attention to date. Key findings focus on differences in quality assurance requirements, attitudes to benefits, risks, and committed levels of institutional support, thus providing valuable input into future policy making. The Transnational Education (TNE) Development Project was initiated in 2015 by the British Council, in conjunction with the Office for Higher Education Commission (OHEC), Thailand. The purpose of the project was to facilitate opportunities for Thai Universities to partner with UK Universities so as to develop double degree programme models. In this arrangement, the student gains both a UK and a Thai qualification, spending time studying in both countries. Twenty-two partnerships were initiated via the project. Utilizing a qualitative approach, data sources included participation in TNE project workshops, peer reviews, and over 20 semi-structured interviews conducted with key informants within the participating UK and Thai universities. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed for key themes. The research has revealed that the strength of the relationship between the two partner institutions is critical. Successful partnerships are often built on previous personal contact, have senior-level involvement and are strengthened by partnership on different levels, such as research, student exchange, and other forms of mobility. The support of the British Council was regarded as a key enabler in developing these types of projects for those universities that had not been involved in TNE previously. The involvement of industry is apparent in programmes that have high scientific content but not well developed in other subject areas. Factors that hinder the development of partnership programmes include the approval processes and quality requirements of each institution. Significant differences in fee levels between Thai and UK universities provide a challenge and attempts to bridge them require goodwill on the part of the latter that may be difficult to realise. This research indicates the key factors to which attention needs to be given when developing a TNE programme. Early attention to these factors can reduce the likelihood that the partnership will fail to develop. Representatives in both partner universities need to understand their respective processes of development and approval. The research has important practical implications for policy-makers and planners involved with TNE, not only in relation to the specific TNE project but also more widely in relation to the development of TNE programmes in other countries and other subject areas. Future research will focus on assessing the success of the double degree programmes generated by the TNE Development Project from the perspective of universities, policy makers, and industry partners. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double-degree" title="double-degree">double-degree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internationalization" title=" internationalization"> internationalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partnerships" title=" partnerships"> partnerships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thai-UK" title=" Thai-UK"> Thai-UK</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109104/developing-thai-uk-double-degree-programmes-an-exploratory-study-identifying-challenges-competing-interests-and-risks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> An Analytic Cross-Sectional Study on the Association between Social Determinants of Health, Maternal and Child Health-Related Knowledge and Attitudes, and Utilization of Maternal, Newborn, Child Health and Nutrition Strategy-Prescribed Services for M</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafael%20Carlos%20C.%20Aniceto">Rafael Carlos C. Aniceto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bryce%20Abraham%20M.%20Anos"> Bryce Abraham M. Anos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Don%20Christian%20A.%20Cornel"> Don Christian A. Cornel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marjerie%20Brianna%20S.%20Go"> Marjerie Brianna S. Go</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samantha%20Nicole%20U.%20Roque"> Samantha Nicole U. Roque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Earl%20Christian%20C.%20Te"> Earl Christian C. Te</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indigenous peoples (IPs) in the Philippines are a vulnerable, marginalized group in terms of health and overall well-being due to social inequities and cultural differences. National standards regarding maternal healthcare are geared towards facility-based delivery with modern medicine, health services, and skilled birth attendants. Standards and procedures of care for pregnant mothers do not take into account cultural differences between indigenous people and the majority of the population. There do exist, however, numerous other factors that cause relatively poorer health outcomes among indigenous peoples (IPs). This analytic cross-sectional study sought to determine the association between social determinants of health (SDH), focusing on status as indigenous peoples, and maternal health-related knowledge and attitudes (KA), and health behavior of the Dumagat-Agta indigenous people of Barangay Catablingan and Barangay San Marcelino, General Nakar, Quezon Province, and their utilization of health facilities for antenatal care, facility-based delivery and postpartum care, which would affect their health outcomes (that were not within the scope of this study). To quantitatively measure the primary/secondary exposures and outcomes, a total of 90 face-to-face interviews with IP and non-IP mothers were done. For qualitative information, participant observation among 6 communities (5 IP and 1 non-IP), 11 key informant interviews (traditional and modern health providers) and 4 focused group discussions among IP mothers were conducted. Primary quantitative analyses included chi-squared, T-test and binary logistic regression, while secondary qualitative analyses involved thematic analysis and triangulation. The researchers spent a total of 15 days in the community to learn the culture and participate in the practices of the Dumagat-Agta more intensively and deeply. Overall, utilization of all MNCHN services measured in the study was lower for IP mothers compared to their non-IP counterparts. After controlling for confounders measured in the study, IP status (primary exposure) was found to be significantly correlated with utilization of and adherence to two MNCHN-prescribed services: number of antenatal care check-ups and place of delivery (secondary outcomes). Findings show that being an indigenous mother leads to unfavorable social determinants of health, and if compounded by a difference in knowledge and attitudes, would then lead to poor levels of utilization of MNCHN-prescribed services. Key themes from qualitative analyses show that factors that affected utilization were: culture, land alienation, social discrimination, socioeconomic status, and relations between IPs and non-IPs, specifically with non-IP healthcare providers. The findings of this study aim to be used to help and guide in policy-making, to provide healthcare that is not only adequate and of quality, but more importantly, that addresses inequities stemming from various social determinants, and which is socio-culturally acceptable to indigenous communities. To address the root causes of health problems of IPs, there must be full recognition and exercise of their collective rights to communal assets, specifically land, and self-determination. This would improve maternal and child health outcomes to one of the most vulnerable and neglected sectors in society today. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20health" title="child health">child health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous%20people" title=" indigenous people"> indigenous people</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge-attitudes-practices" title=" knowledge-attitudes-practices"> knowledge-attitudes-practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal%20health" title=" maternal health"> maternal health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20determinants%20of%20health" title=" social determinants of health"> social determinants of health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72797/an-analytic-cross-sectional-study-on-the-association-between-social-determinants-of-health-maternal-and-child-health-related-knowledge-and-attitudes-and-utilization-of-maternal-newborn-child-health-and-nutrition-strategy-prescribed-services-for-m" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Exploring Factors That May Contribute to the Underdiagnosis of Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloidosis in African American Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kelsi%20Hagerty">Kelsi Hagerty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ami%20Rosen"> Ami Rosen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aaliyah%20Heyward"> Aaliyah Heyward</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadia%20Ali"> Nadia Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emily%20Brown"> Emily Brown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erin%20Demo"> Erin Demo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yue%20Guan"> Yue Guan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Modele%20Ogunniyi"> Modele Ogunniyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brianna%20McDaniels"> Brianna McDaniels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alanna%20Morris"> Alanna Morris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kunal%20Bhatt"> Kunal Bhatt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (hATTR) is a progressive, multi-systemic, and life-threatening disease caused by a disruption in the TTR protein that delivers thyroxine and retinol to the liver. This disruption causes the protein to misfold into amyloid fibrils, leading to the accumulation of the amyloid fibrils in the heart, nerves, and GI tract. Over 130 variants in the TTR gene are known to cause hATTR. The Val122Ile variant is the most common in the United States and is seen almost exclusively in people of African descent. TTR variants are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion and have incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. Individuals with hATTR may exhibit symptoms from as early as 30 years to as late as 80 years of age. hATTR is characterized by a wide range of clinical symptoms such as cardiomyopathy, neuropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome, and GI complications. Without treatment, hATTR leads to progressive disease and can ultimately lead to heart failure. hATTR disproportionately affects individuals of African descent; the estimated prevalence of hATTR among Black individuals in the US is 3.4%. Unfortunately, hATTR is often underdiagnosed and misdiagnosed because many symptoms of the disease overlap with other cardiac conditions. Due to the progressive nature of the disease, multi-systemic manifestations that can lead to a shortened lifespan, and the availability of free genetic testing and promising FDA-approved therapies that enhance treatability, early identification of individuals with a pathogenic hATTR variant is important, as this can significantly impact medical management for patients and their relatives. Furthermore, recent literature suggests that TTR genetic testing should be performed in all patients with suspicion of TTR-related cardiomyopathy, regardless of age, and that follow-up with genetic counseling services is recommended. Relatives of patients with hATTR benefit from genetic testing because testing can identify carriers early and allow relatives to receive regular screening and management. Despite the striking prevalence of hATTR among Black individuals, hATTR remains underdiagnosed in this patient population, and germline genetic testing for hATTR in Black individuals seems to be underrepresented, though the reasons for this have not yet been brought to light. Historically, Black patients experience a number of barriers to seeking healthcare that has been hypothesized to perpetuate the underdiagnosis of hATTR, such as lack of access and mistrust of healthcare professionals. Prior research has described a myriad of factors that shape an individual’s decision about whether to pursue presymptomatic genetic testing for a familial pathogenic variant, such as family closeness and communication, family dynamics, and a desire to inform other family members about potential health risks. This study explores these factors through 10 in-depth interviews with patients with hATTR about what factors may be contributing to the underdiagnosis of hATTR in the Black population. Participants were selected from the Emory University Amyloidosis clinic based on having a molecular diagnosis of hATTR. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, then coded using MAXQDA software. Thematic analysis was completed to draw commonalities between participants. Upon preliminary analysis, several themes have emerged. Barriers identified include i) Misdiagnosis and a prolonged diagnostic odyssey, ii) Family communication and dynamics surrounding health issues, iii) Perceptions of healthcare and one’s own health risks, and iv) The need for more intimate provider-patient relationships and communication. Overall, this study gleaned valuable insight from members of the Black community about possible factors contributing to the underdiagnosis of hATTR, as well as potential solutions to go about resolving this issue. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiac%20amyloidosis" title="cardiac amyloidosis">cardiac amyloidosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heart%20failure" title=" heart failure"> heart failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TTR" title=" TTR"> TTR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20testing" title=" genetic testing"> genetic testing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145548/exploring-factors-that-may-contribute-to-the-underdiagnosis-of-hereditary-transthyretin-amyloidosis-in-african-american-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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