CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="lv" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Zīda ceļš — Vikipēdija</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )lvwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"ydm","wgMonthNames":["","janvāris","februāris","marts","aprīlis","maijs","jūnijs","jūlijs","augusts","septembris","oktobris","novembris","decembris"],"wgRequestId":"17c5e3b2-d699-49b3-ac7f-bbb4c23db631","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Zīda_ceļš","wgTitle":"Zīda ceļš","wgCurRevisionId":3914496,"wgRevisionId":3914496,"wgArticleId":54906,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Visi Vikipēdijas aizmetņi","Nepabeigti raksti par ģeogrāfiju","Nepabeigti raksti par vēsturi","Nepabeigti raksti par ekonomiku","Zīda ceļš","Āzijas vēsture","Senie laiki","Ekonomikas vēsture"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"lv","wgPageContentLanguage":"lv","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Zīda_ceļš","wgRelevantArticleId":54906,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[], "wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"lv","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"lv"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":3000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q36288","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false, "wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.opacity-edit","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.edittop","ext.gadget.Editpage","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.wikibugs","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init", "ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=lv&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=lv&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=lv&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Transasia_trade_routes_1stC_CE_gr2.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="720"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Transasia_trade_routes_1stC_CE_gr2.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="480"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Transasia_trade_routes_1stC_CE_gr2.png/640px-Transasia_trade_routes_1stC_CE_gr2.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="384"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Zīda ceļš — Vikipēdija"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//lv.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Labot šo lapu" href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Vikipēdija (lv)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//lv.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.lv"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Vikipēdija Atom padeve" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Zīda_ceļš rootpage-Zīda_ceļš skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Pāriet uz saturu</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Vietne"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Galvenā izvēlne" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Galvenā izvēlne</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Galvenā izvēlne</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigācija </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/S%C4%81kumlapa" title="Iet uz sākumlapu [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Sākumlapa</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Kopienas_port%C4%81ls" title="Šeit Tu vari uzdot sev interesējošus jautājumus"><span>Kopienas portāls</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Aktualit%C4%81tes" title="Uzzini, kas nesen noticis Vikipēdijā"><span>Aktualitātes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="Izmaiņas, kas nesen izdarītas Vikipēdijā [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Pēdējās izmaiņas</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Iet uz nejauši izvēlētu lapu [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Nejauša lapa</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pal%C4%ABdz%C4%ABba:Saturs" title="Vieta, kur uzzināt par Vikipēdiju vairāk"><span>Palīdzība</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Pazi%C5%86ojumi_par_k%C4%BC%C5%ABd%C4%81m"><span>Paziņot par kļūdu</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipēdija:Kontakti"><span>Kontakti</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/S%C4%81kumlapa" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Vikipēdija" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-lv.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Brīvā enciklopēdija" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-lv.svg" width="120" height="15" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.9375em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Meklēt Vikipēdijā [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Meklēt</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Meklēt Vikipēdijā" aria-label="Meklēt Vikipēdijā" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Meklēt Vikipēdijā [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Meklēt</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Dalībnieka rīki"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izskats"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Izskats" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Izskats</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&uselang=lv" class=""><span>Ziedojumi</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Z%C4%ABda+ce%C4%BC%C5%A1" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti." class=""><span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Z%C4%ABda+ce%C4%BC%C5%A1" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Vairāk iespēju" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dalībnieka rīki" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Dalībnieka rīki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Dalībnieka izvēlne" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&uselang=lv"><span>Ziedojumi</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Z%C4%ABda+ce%C4%BC%C5%A1" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Z%C4%ABda+ce%C4%BC%C5%A1" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Lapas redaktoriem, kuri nav pieslēgušies <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Ievads" aria-label="Uzzini vairāk par rediģēšanu"><span>uzzināt vairāk</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="Labojumi, kas veikti no šīs IP adreses [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Devums</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Diskusija par labojumiem, kas izdarīti no šīs IP adreses [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskusijas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Vietne"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Saturs" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Saturs</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Sākums</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Vēsture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vēsture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Vēsture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vēsture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ceļa_ģeogrāfija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ceļa_ģeogrāfija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ceļa ģeogrāfija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ceļa_ģeogrāfija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zīda_ceļa_nozīmība" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zīda_ceļa_nozīmība"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Zīda ceļa nozīmība</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zīda_ceļa_nozīmība-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Atsauces_un_piezīmes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atsauces_un_piezīmes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Atsauces un piezīmes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atsauces_un_piezīmes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ārējās_saites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ārējās_saites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ārējās saites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ārējās_saites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Saturs" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pārslēgt satura rādītāju" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pārslēgt satura rādītāju</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Zīda ceļš</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pāriet uz rakstu citā valodā. Pieejams 120 valodās" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-120" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">120 valodas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syroete" title="Syroete – afrikandu" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Syroete" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikandu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seidenstra%C3%9Fe" title="Seidenstraße – Šveices vācu" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Seidenstraße" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Šveices vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="طريق الحرير – arābu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طريق الحرير" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arābu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="طريق الحرير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="طريق الحرير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95_%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A1" title="ছিল্ক ৰোড – asamiešu" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ছিল্ক ৰোড" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asamiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruta_de_la_seda" title="Ruta de la seda – astūriešu" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ruta de la seda" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astūriešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B6y%C3%BCk_ip%C9%99k_yolu" title="Böyük ipək yolu – azerbaidžāņu" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Böyük ipək yolu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%DA%A9_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88" title="ایپک یولو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایپک یولو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A9%D0%B9%D3%A9%D0%BA_%D0%95%D0%B1%D3%99%D0%BA_%D1%8E%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Бөйөк Ебәк юлы – baškīru" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Бөйөк Ебәк юлы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškīru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalan_nin_Seda" title="Dalan nin Seda – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Dalan nin Seda" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D1%88%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%85" title="Вялікі шаўковы шлях – baltkrievu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вялікі шаўковы шлях" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="baltkrievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D1%88%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%85" title="Вялікі шаўковы шлях – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вялікі шаўковы шлях" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8A%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Път на коприната – bulgāru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Път на коприната" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A5" title="রেশম পথ – bengāļu" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রেশম পথ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hent_ar_Seiz" title="Hent ar Seiz – bretoņu" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hent ar Seiz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Put_svile" title="Put svile – bosniešu" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Put svile" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruta_de_la_seda" title="Ruta de la seda – katalāņu" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ruta de la seda" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%8E%DA%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%85" title="ڕێگای ئاوریشم – centrālkurdu" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕێگای ئاوریشم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centrālkurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yipek_Yol%C4%B1" title="Yipek Yolı – Krimas tatāru" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Yipek Yolı" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krimas tatāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedv%C3%A1bn%C3%A1_stezka" title="Hedvábná stezka – čehu" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hedvábná stezka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čehu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%80%C3%A7%C4%83%D0%BD_%C3%A7%D1%83%D0%BB%C4%95" title="Аслă пурçăн çулĕ – čuvašu" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аслă пурçăн çулĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvašu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffordd_y_Sidan" title="Ffordd y Sidan – velsiešu" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffordd y Sidan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velsiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silkevejen" title="Silkevejen – dāņu" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Silkevejen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="labs raksts"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seidenstra%C3%9Fe" title="Seidenstraße – vācu" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Seidenstraße" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raya_B%C4%B1rs%C4%B1mi" title="Raya Bırsımi – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Raya Bırsımi" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Δρόμος του μεταξιού – grieķu" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δρόμος του μεταξιού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grieķu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk_Road" title="Silk Road – angļu" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Silk Road" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silka_Vojo" title="Silka Vojo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Silka Vojo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruta_de_la_Seda" title="Ruta de la Seda – spāņu" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ruta de la Seda" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siiditee" title="Siiditee – igauņu" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Siiditee" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="igauņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zetaren_Bidea" title="Zetaren Bidea – basku" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zetaren Bidea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%85" title="جاده ابریشم – persiešu" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جاده ابریشم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silkkitie" title="Silkkitie – somu" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Silkkitie" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="somu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Route_de_la_soie" title="Route de la soie – franču" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Route de la soie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franču" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sider%C3%BBte" title="Siderûte – rietumfrīzu" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Siderûte" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="rietumfrīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B3thar_an_tS%C3%ADoda" title="Bóthar an tSíoda – īru" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Bóthar an tSíoda" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="īru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruta_da_seda" title="Ruta da seda – galisiešu" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ruta da seda" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ysorenimbo_Rape" title="Ysorenimbo Rape – gvaranu" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ysorenimbo Rape" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvaranu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%AE_%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%97" title="રેશમ માર્ગ – gudžaratu" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="રેશમ માર્ગ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžaratu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%B9%B3%CC%82-chh%C3%B9-ch%E1%B9%B3%CC%82-lu" title="Sṳ̂-chhù-chṳ̂-lu – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sṳ̂-chhù-chṳ̂-lu" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%9A_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%99" title="דרך המשי – ivrits" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דרך המשי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97" title="रेशम मार्ग – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रेशम मार्ग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vērtīgs raksts"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Put_svile" title="Put svile – horvātu" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Put svile" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selyem%C3%BAt" title="Selyemút – ungāru" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Selyemút" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%BD%D5%AB_%D5%B3%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B0" title="Մետաքսի ճանապարհ – armēņu" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մետաքսի ճանապարհ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%BD%D5%AB_%D5%83%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B0" title="Մետաքսի Ճանապարհ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Մետաքսի Ճանապարհ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalur_Sutra" title="Jalur Sutra – indonēziešu" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jalur Sutra" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonēziešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silko-Voyo" title="Silko-Voyo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Silko-Voyo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silkivegurinn" title="Silkivegurinn – islandiešu" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Silkivegurinn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_della_seta" title="Via della seta – itāļu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Via della seta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="シルクロード – japāņu" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シルクロード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalur_Sutra" title="Jalur Sutra – javiešu" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Jalur Sutra" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%96%E1%83%90" title="აბრეშუმის დიდი გზა – gruzīnu" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აბრეშუმის დიდი გზა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ull%C4%B1_jipek_jol%C4%B1" title="Ullı jipek jolı – karakalpaku" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ullı jipek jolı" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpaku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%96%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Ұлы Жібек жолы – kazahu" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ұлы Жібек жолы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%86_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%97" title="ರೇಷ್ಮೆ ಮಾರ್ಗ – kannadu" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರೇಷ್ಮೆ ಮಾರ್ಗ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EB%8B%A8%EA%B8%B8" title="비단길 – korejiešu" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="비단길" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riya_Hevr%C3%AE%C5%9Fim%C3%AA" title="Riya Hevrîşimê – kurdu" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Riya Hevrîşimê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83" title="Улуу жибек жолу – kirgīzu" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Улуу жибек жолу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_serica" title="Via serica – latīņu" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Via serica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latīņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamino_de_la_Seda" title="Kamino de la Seda – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Kamino de la Seda" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seidestrooss" title="Seidestrooss – luksemburgiešu" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Seidestrooss" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburgiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Via_de_Seda" title="Via de Seda – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Via de Seda" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strada_dla_s%C3%ABda" title="Strada dla sëda – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Strada dla sëda" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ilko_kelias" title="Šilko kelias – lietuviešu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šilko kelias" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lietuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalan%27_ny_Landy" title="Lalan' ny Landy – malagasu" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Lalan' ny Landy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Пат на свилата – maķedoniešu" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пат на свилата" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="maķedoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="സിൽക്ക് റോഡ് – malajalu" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സിൽക്ക് റോഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Торгоны зам – mongoļu" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Торгоны зам" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97" title="रेशीम मार्ग – marathu" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रेशीम मार्ग" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laluan_Sutera" title="Laluan Sutera – malajiešu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Laluan Sutera" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ပိုးခြည်လမ်း – birmiešu" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပိုးခြည်လမ်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97" title="रेसम मार्ग – nepāliešu" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रेसम मार्ग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepāliešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zijderoute" title="Zijderoute – holandiešu" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zijderoute" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silkevegen" title="Silkevegen – jaunnorvēģu" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Silkevegen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="jaunnorvēģu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="labs raksts"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silkeveien" title="Silkeveien – norvēģu bukmols" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Silkeveien" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvēģu bukmols" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rota_de_la_Seda" title="Rota de la Seda – oksitāņu" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Rota de la Seda" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%B6%E0%AC%AE_%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%A5" title="ରେଶମ ପଥ – oriju" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରେଶମ ପଥ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%97" title="ਰੇਸ਼ਮ ਮਾਰਗ – pandžabu" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੇਸ਼ਮ ਮਾਰਗ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jedwabny_Szlak" title="Jedwabny Szlak – poļu" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jedwabny Szlak" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%81_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%85" title="شاہراہ ریشم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شاہراہ ریشم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%85%D9%88_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="د ورېښمو لار – puštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د ورېښمو لار" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="puštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rota_da_Seda" title="Rota da Seda – portugāļu" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rota da Seda" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drumul_m%C4%83t%C4%83sii" title="Drumul mătăsii – rumāņu" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Drumul mătăsii" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%88%D1%91%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Великий шёлковый путь – krievu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Великий шёлковый путь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="krievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk_Road" title="Silk Road – skotu" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Silk Road" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Put_svile" title="Put svile – serbu–horvātu" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Put svile" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbu–horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%AF_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%AD" title="සේද මාවත – singāļu" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සේද මාවත" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk_Road" title="Silk Road – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Silk Road" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodv%C3%A1bna_cesta" title="Hodvábna cesta – slovāku" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hodvábna cesta" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovāku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svilna_pot" title="Svilna pot – slovēņu" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Svilna pot" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadada_Xariirta" title="Wadada Xariirta – somāļu" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Wadada Xariirta" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rruga_e_M%C3%ABndafshit" title="Rruga e Mëndafshit – albāņu" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rruga e Mëndafshit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Пут свиле – serbu" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пут свиле" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidenv%C3%A4gen" title="Sidenvägen – zviedru" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sidenvägen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="zviedru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barabara_ya_hariri" title="Barabara ya hariri – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Barabara ya hariri" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%83ydbowno_Cesta" title="Ńydbowno Cesta – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Ńydbowno Cesta" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88" title="பட்டுப் பாதை – tamilu" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பட்டுப் பாதை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81" title="సిల్క్ రోడ్డు – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సిల్క్ రోడ్డు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Шоҳроҳи Абрешим – tadžiku" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шоҳроҳи Абрешим" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1" title="เส้นทางสายไหม – taju" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เส้นทางสายไหม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Be%C3%BDik_%C3%9D%C3%BCpek_%C3%BDoly" title="Beýik Ýüpek ýoly – turkmēņu" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Beýik Ýüpek ýoly" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daang_Seda" title="Daang Seda – tagalu" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Daang Seda" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0pek_Yolu" title="İpek Yolu – turku" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İpek Yolu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B6yek_yef%C3%A4k_yul%C4%B1" title="Böyek yefäk yulı – tatāru" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Böyek yefäk yulı" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%89%D9%BE%DB%95%D9%83_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89" title="يىپەك يولى – uiguru" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="يىپەك يولى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%88%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%85" title="Великий шовковий шлях – ukraiņu" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Великий шовковий шлях" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%81_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%85" title="شاہراہ ریشم – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شاہراہ ریشم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buyuk_Ipak_yo%CA%BBli" title="Buyuk Ipak yoʻli – uzbeku" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Buyuk Ipak yoʻli" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con_%C4%91%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_t%C6%A1_l%E1%BB%A5a" title="Con đường tơ lụa – vjetnamiešu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Con đường tơ lụa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnamiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalan_nga_sida" title="Dalan nga sida – varaju" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Dalan nga sida" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%9D%E7%BB%B8%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF" title="丝绸之路 – vu ķīniešu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="丝绸之路" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="აბრეშუმიშ დიდი შარა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="აბრეშუმიშ დიდი შარა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%99%D7%99%D7%93%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A1" title="זיידן גאס – jidišs" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="זיידן גאס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidišs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roen_Seicouz" title="Roen Seicouz – džuanu" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Roen Seicouz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="džuanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B7_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%9F%E2%B5%9F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%93" title="ⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵟⵟⴰⵍⵙⵓ – standarta tamazigtu (Maroka)" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵟⵟⴰⵍⵙⵓ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="standarta tamazigtu (Maroka)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%9D%E7%BB%B8%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF" title="丝绸之路 – ķīniešu" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="丝绸之路" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%B2%E7%B6%A2%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF" title="絲綢之路 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="絲綢之路" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si-ti%C3%BB_chi_L%C5%8D%CD%98" title="Si-tiû chi Lō͘ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Si-tiû chi Lō͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%B2%E7%B6%A2%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF" title="絲綢之路 – kantoniešu" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="絲綢之路" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36288#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Labot starpvalodu saites" class="wbc-editpage">Labot saites</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Vārdtelpas"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1" title="Apskatīt rakstu [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Raksts</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskusija:Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskusija par šī raksta lapu (vēl nav uzrakstīts) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mainīt valodas variantu" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">latviešu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Apskates"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1"><span>Skatīt</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&veaction=edit" title="Labot šo lapu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Labot šo lapu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=edit" title="Labot šīs lapas pirmkodu [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Labot pirmkodu</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=history" title="Šīs lapas iepriekšējās versijas. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Hronoloģija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Lapas rīki"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Rīki" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Rīki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Rīki</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Vairāk iespēju" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Darbības </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1"><span>Skatīt</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&veaction=edit" title="Labot šo lapu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Labot šo lapu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=edit" title="Labot šīs lapas pirmkodu [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Labot pirmkodu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=history"><span>Hronoloģija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Vispārīgi </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1" title="Visas Vikipēdijas lapas, kurās ir saites uz šejieni [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Norādes uz šo rakstu</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1" rel="nofollow" title="Izmaiņas, kas nesen izdarītas lapās, kurās ir saites uz šo lapu [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Saistītās izmaiņas</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="Visu īpašo lapu uzskaitījums [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Īpašās lapas</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&oldid=3914496" title="Paliekoša saite uz šo lapas versiju"><span>Pastāvīgā saite</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=info" title="Vairāk informācijas par šo lapu"><span>Lapas informācija</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&id=3914496&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Kā pareizi atsaukties uz šo rakstu"><span>Atsauce uz šo lapu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Flv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FZ%25C4%25ABda_ce%25C4%25BC%25C5%25A1"><span>Iegūt saīsinātu URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Flv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FZ%25C4%25ABda_ce%25C4%25BC%25C5%25A1"><span>Lejupielādēt QR kodu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Drukāt/eksportēt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Z%C4%ABda+ce%C4%BC%C5%A1"><span>Izveidot grāmatu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=show-download-screen"><span>Lejupielādēt kā PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&printable=yes" title="Drukājama lapas versija [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukājama versija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Citos projektos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%B2%E7%B6%A2%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF" hreflang="en"><span>Vikikrātuve</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36288" title="Saistītais Vikidatu ieraksts [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Ieraksts Vikidatos</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Lapas rīki"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izskats"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izskats</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipēdijas lapa</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lv" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Transasia_trade_routes_1stC_CE_gr2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Transasia_trade_routes_1stC_CE_gr2.png/300px-Transasia_trade_routes_1stC_CE_gr2.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Transasia_trade_routes_1stC_CE_gr2.png/450px-Transasia_trade_routes_1stC_CE_gr2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Transasia_trade_routes_1stC_CE_gr2.png/600px-Transasia_trade_routes_1stC_CE_gr2.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Zīda ceļš 1. gadsimtā</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Radhanites2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Radhanites2.png/300px-Radhanites2.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Radhanites2.png/450px-Radhanites2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Radhanites2.png/600px-Radhanites2.png 2x" data-file-width="1201" data-file-height="601" /></a><figcaption>Viduslaiku tirdzniecības ceļi, ko 9.–11. gadsimtā izmantoja <a href="/wiki/Radhan%C4%ABti" title="Radhanīti">radhanīti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vikingi" title="Vikingi">vikingi</a> un citi tirgotāji</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Zīda ceļš</b> bija <a href="/wiki/Senie_laiki" title="Senie laiki">seno laiku</a> un <a href="/wiki/Viduslaiki" title="Viduslaiki">viduslaiku</a> <a href="/wiki/Tirdzniec%C4%ABba" title="Tirdzniecība">tirdzniecības</a> ceļš no <a href="/wiki/Sen%C4%81_%C4%B6%C4%ABna" title="Senā Ķīna">Senās Ķīnas</a> uz <a href="/wiki/Centr%C4%81l%C4%81zija" title="Centrālāzija">Centrālāziju</a>, tālāk uz <a href="/wiki/Tuvie_Austrumi" title="Tuvie Austrumi">Tuvajiem Austrumiem</a> un <a href="/wiki/Vidusj%C5%ABra" title="Vidusjūra">Vidusjūras</a> baseina valstīm. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vēsture"><span id="V.C4.93sture"></span>Vēsture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļu: Vēsture" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Vēsture"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Uzskata, ka Zīda ceļš izveidots jau 114. gadā p.m.ē., kad Senajā Ķīnā valdīja <a href="/wiki/Ha%C5%86u_dinastija" title="Haņu dinastija">Haņu dinastijas</a> imperators Vudi, kurš vēlējās izveidot stabilus tirdzniecības sakarus, lai iegūtu slavenos <a href="/wiki/Sen%C4%81_Persija" title="Senā Persija">persiešu</a> zirgus. Ar 70 000 vīru lielu jātnieku armiju viņš nodrošināja mieru Ķīnas rietumos, no kurienes arī aizsākās tirdzniecības apmetņu būvniecība maršrutā no Ķīnas līdz <a href="/wiki/Kaspijas_j%C5%ABra" title="Kaspijas jūra">Kaspijas jūrai</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sunu_dinastija" title="Sunu dinastija">Sunu dinastijas</a> laikā (960–1279) sakarā ar <a href="/wiki/Ar%C4%81bi" title="Arābi">arābu</a> iekarojumiem un jūras tirdzniecības attīstību Zīda ceļa nozīme samazinājās. Tā vietā <a href="/wiki/Vikingu_laiki" title="Vikingu laiki">Vikingu laikos</a> izveidojās tirdzniecības ceļi pa lielajām <a href="/wiki/Austrumeiropa" title="Austrumeiropa">Austrumeiropas</a> upēm starp <a href="/wiki/Centr%C4%81l%C4%81zija" title="Centrālāzija">Centrālāziju</a> un <a href="/wiki/Zieme%C4%BCeiropa" title="Ziemeļeiropa">Ziemeļeiropu</a>. </p><p>Zīda ceļa nozīme atjaunojās pēc <a href="/wiki/Mongo%C4%BCu_imp%C4%93rija" title="Mongoļu impērija">Mongoļu impērijas</a> izveidošanās 13. gadsimtā, pa to uz Ķīnu ceļoja <a href="/wiki/Marko_Polo" title="Marko Polo">Marko Polo</a> un citi eiropieši. <a href="/wiki/Azovas_j%C5%ABra" title="Azovas jūra">Azovas jūras</a> krastos un <a href="/wiki/Krima" title="Krima">Krimā</a> izveidojās <a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEenova" title="Dženova">dženoviešu</a> kolonijas tirdzniecībai pa <a href="/wiki/Zelta_Orda" title="Zelta Orda">Zelta Ordas</a> tirdzniecības ceļiem, kas tika izmantoti līdz pat 16. gadsimtam.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Savu nosaukumu šis senais tirdzniecības ceļš ieguva 1877. gadā, kad pirmo reizi ceļu par Zīda ceļu nodēvēja vācu ceļotājs un <a href="/wiki/%C4%A2eogr%C4%81fija" title="Ģeogrāfija">ģeogrāfs</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinands_fon_Rihthofens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdinands fon Rihthofens (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Ferdinands fon Rihthofens</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ceļa_ģeogrāfija"><span id="Ce.C4.BCa_.C4.A3eogr.C4.81fija"></span>Ceļa ģeogrāfija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļu: Ceļa ģeogrāfija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Ceļa ģeogrāfija"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zīda ceļš ir vesels sauszemes un jūras ceļu tīkls, kura garums bija vairāk nekā 8000 km. Tirdzniecības ceļa sākums bija Ķīnā, un tas savienoja senatnes lielās impērijas — Ķīnu, <a href="/wiki/Indija" title="Indija">Indiju</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persija" class="mw-redirect" title="Persija">Persiju</a>, <a href="/wiki/Divupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Divupe">Divupi</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%92%C4%A3ipte" title="Ēģipte">Ēģipti</a> un <a href="/wiki/Romas_imp%C4%93rija" title="Romas impērija">Romas impēriju</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zīda_ceļa_nozīmība"><span id="Z.C4.ABda_ce.C4.BCa_noz.C4.ABm.C4.ABba"></span>Zīda ceļa nozīmība</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļu: Zīda ceļa nozīmība" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Zīda ceļa nozīmība"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ar Zīda ceļa starpniecību Rietumos nonāca tādi ķīniešu izgudrojumi kā <a href="/wiki/Z%C4%ABds" title="Zīds">zīds</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0aujampulveris" title="Šaujampulveris">šaujampulveris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pap%C4%ABrs" title="Papīrs">papīrs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kompass" title="Kompass">kompass</a>. Uzskata, ka <a href="/wiki/Budisms" title="Budisms">budisms</a> ienāca Ķīnā pa Zīda ceļu.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Atsauces_un_piezīmes"><span id="Atsauces_un_piez.C4.ABmes"></span>Atsauces un piezīmes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Labot sadaļu: Atsauces un piezīmes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=edit&section=4" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Atsauces un piezīmes"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="metadata mbox-small plainlinks" style="border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Vikikr%C4%81tuve" title="Vikikrātuve">Vikikrātuvē</a> par šo tēmu ir pieejami multivides faili. Skatīt: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Silk_Road" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Silk Road">Zīda ceļš</a></b></i></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vadime_Elisseeff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vadime Elisseeff (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Vadime Elisseeff</a>. <i>The Silk Roads: Highways of Culture and Commerce</i>. UNESCO Publishing / Berghahn Books, 2001. 332 pages. lpp. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-92-3-103652-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-92-3-103652-1">978-92-3-103652-1</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard Folz, Religions of the Silk Road (37-58 lpp.), <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-230-62125-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-230-62125-1">ISBN 978-0-230-62125-1</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ārējās_saites"><span id=".C4.80r.C4.93j.C4.81s_saites"></span>Ārējās saites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Labot sadaļu: Ārējās saites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=edit&section=5" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Ārējās saites"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vikikr%C4%81tuve" title="Vikikrātuve">Vikikrātuvē</a> par šo tēmu ir pieejami <a href="/wiki/Multivides" title="Multivides">multivides</a> faili. Skatīt: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Silk_Road" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Silk Road">Zīda ceļš</a></b></i>.</li></ul> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://enciklopedija.lv/skirklis/3436">Latvijas Nacionālās enciklopēdijas šķirklis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Silk-Road-trade-route"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(angliski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/route-de-la-soie/"><i>Encyclopædia Universalis</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(franciski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldhistory.org/Silk_Road/">Pasaules vēstures enciklopēdijas raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(angliski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.krugosvet.ru/enc/istoriya/VELIKI_SHELKOVI_PUT.html">Enciklopēdijas <i>Krugosvet</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(krieviski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?language=lv&v=vn3e37VWc0k">Zīda ceļš: Pirmais vispasaules tīkls vēsturē — Šenona Herisa Kastelo</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(latviski)</span>. <i>TED-Ed</i> (2014. gada 3. jūnijs).</li></ul> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Geographylogo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aizmetņa ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Geographylogo.svg/30px-Geographylogo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Geographylogo.svg/45px-Geographylogo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Geographylogo.svg/60px-Geographylogo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></td><td><i>Šis ar <a href="/wiki/%C4%A2eogr%C4%81fija" title="Ģeogrāfija">ģeogrāfiju</a> saistītais raksts ir <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Aizmetnis" title="Vikipēdija:Aizmetnis">nepilnīgs</a>. Jūs varat <a href="/wiki/Pal%C4%ABdz%C4%ABba:Redi%C4%A3%C4%93%C5%A1ana,_noform%C4%93%C5%A1ana" title="Palīdzība:Rediģēšana, noformēšana">dot savu ieguldījumu</a> Vikipēdijā, <a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=edit">papildinot to</a>.</i><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="position: absolute; right: 15px; display: none;"><ul><li class="nv-skatīt"><a href="/wiki/Veidne:%C4%A2eogr%C4%81fija-aizmetnis" title="Veidne:Ģeogrāfija-aizmetnis"><abbr title="Skatīt šo veidni" style=";">s</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskusija"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Veidnes_diskusija:%C4%A2eogr%C4%81fija-aizmetnis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veidnes diskusija:Ģeogrāfija-aizmetnis (vēl nav uzrakstīts)"><abbr title="Diskusija par šo veidni" style="color:#002bb8;;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-labot"><a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veidne:%C4%A2eogr%C4%81fija-aizmetnis&action=edit"><abbr title="Labot šo veidni" style=";">l</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Hoplite_helmet.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aizmetņa ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hoplite_helmet.svg/30px-Hoplite_helmet.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hoplite_helmet.svg/45px-Hoplite_helmet.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hoplite_helmet.svg/60px-Hoplite_helmet.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="390" /></a></span></td><td><i>Šis ar <a href="/wiki/V%C4%93sture" title="Vēsture">vēsturi</a> saistītais raksts ir <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Aizmetnis" title="Vikipēdija:Aizmetnis">nepilnīgs</a>. Jūs varat <a href="/wiki/Pal%C4%ABdz%C4%ABba:Redi%C4%A3%C4%93%C5%A1ana,_noform%C4%93%C5%A1ana" title="Palīdzība:Rediģēšana, noformēšana">dot savu ieguldījumu</a> Vikipēdijā, <a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=edit">papildinot to</a>.</i><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="position: absolute; right: 15px; display: none;"><ul><li class="nv-skatīt"><a href="/wiki/Veidne:V%C4%93sture-aizmetnis" title="Veidne:Vēsture-aizmetnis"><abbr title="Skatīt šo veidni" style=";">s</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskusija"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Veidnes_diskusija:V%C4%93sture-aizmetnis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veidnes diskusija:Vēsture-aizmetnis (vēl nav uzrakstīts)"><abbr title="Diskusija par šo veidni" style="color:#002bb8;;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-labot"><a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veidne:V%C4%93sture-aizmetnis&action=edit"><abbr title="Labot šo veidni" style=";">l</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:ThreeCoins.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aizmetņa ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/ThreeCoins.svg/40px-ThreeCoins.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/ThreeCoins.svg/60px-ThreeCoins.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/ThreeCoins.svg/80px-ThreeCoins.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></td><td><i>Šis ar <a href="/wiki/Ekonomika" title="Ekonomika">ekonomiku</a> saistītais raksts ir <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Aizmetnis" title="Vikipēdija:Aizmetnis">nepilnīgs</a>. Jūs varat <a href="/wiki/Pal%C4%ABdz%C4%ABba:Redi%C4%A3%C4%93%C5%A1ana,_noform%C4%93%C5%A1ana" title="Palīdzība:Rediģēšana, noformēšana">dot savu ieguldījumu</a> Vikipēdijā, <a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=edit">papildinot to</a>.</i><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="position: absolute; right: 15px; display: none;"><ul><li class="nv-skatīt"><a href="/wiki/Veidne:Ekonomika-aizmetnis" title="Veidne:Ekonomika-aizmetnis"><abbr title="Skatīt šo veidni" style=";">s</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskusija"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Veidnes_diskusija:Ekonomika-aizmetnis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veidnes diskusija:Ekonomika-aizmetnis (vēl nav uzrakstīts)"><abbr title="Diskusija par šo veidni" style="color:#002bb8;;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-labot"><a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veidne:Ekonomika-aizmetnis&action=edit"><abbr title="Labot šo veidni" style=";">l</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Autoritat%C4%ABv%C4%81_vad%C4%ABba" title="Autoritatīvā vadība">Autoritatīvā vadība</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-sh85-122554">WorldCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtu%C4%81l%C4%81_starptautisk%C4%81_autoritat%C4%ABv%C4%81_datne" title="Virtuālā starptautiskā autoritatīvā datne">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/170952654">170952654</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongresa_bibliot%C4%93ka" title="Kongresa bibliotēka">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/sh85122554">sh85122554</a></span></li> <li>GND: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4054299-3">4054299-3</a></span></li> <li>BNF: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11970767h">cb11970767h</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11970767h">(data)</a></span></li> <li>NDL: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00571235">00571235</a></span></li> <li>NKC: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge194604&CON_LNG=ENG">ge194604</a></span></li> <li>BNE: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX454566">XX454566</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Saturs iegūts no "<a dir="ltr" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zīda_ceļš&oldid=3914496">https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zīda_ceļš&oldid=3914496</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Kategorijas</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Nepabeigti_raksti_par_%C4%A3eogr%C4%81fiju" title="Kategorija:Nepabeigti raksti par ģeogrāfiju">Nepabeigti raksti par ģeogrāfiju</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Nepabeigti_raksti_par_v%C4%93sturi" title="Kategorija:Nepabeigti raksti par vēsturi">Nepabeigti raksti par vēsturi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Nepabeigti_raksti_par_ekonomiku" title="Kategorija:Nepabeigti raksti par ekonomiku">Nepabeigti raksti par ekonomiku</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1" title="Kategorija:Zīda ceļš">Zīda ceļš</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:%C4%80zijas_v%C4%93sture" title="Kategorija:Āzijas vēsture">Āzijas vēsture</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Senie_laiki" title="Kategorija:Senie laiki">Senie laiki</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Ekonomikas_v%C4%93sture" title="Kategorija:Ekonomikas vēsture">Ekonomikas vēsture</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Slēpta kategorija: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Visi_Vikip%C4%93dijas_aizmet%C5%86i" title="Kategorija:Visi Vikipēdijas aizmetņi">Visi Vikipēdijas aizmetņi</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Šī lapa pēdējoreiz labota: 2023. gada 12. septembris plkst. 20.07.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teksts ir pieejams saskaņā ar <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike licenci</a>; var pastāvēt papildu ierobežojumi. Plašākai informācijai skatīt <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Lieto%C5%A1anas_noteikumi" title="Vikipēdija:Lietošanas noteikumi">lietošanas noteikumus</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privātuma politika</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Par">Par Vikipēdiju</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Saist%C4%ABbu_atrunas">Saistību atrunas</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Izstrādātāji</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/lv.wikipedia.org">Statistika</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Sīkdatņu deklarācija</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//lv.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobilais skats</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.canary-67ffd876-c9xpm","wgBackendResponseTime":183,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.175","walltime":"0.343","ppvisitednodes":{"value":367,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":17398,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":327,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":10,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":1095,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 183.772 1 -total"," 33.12% 60.865 1 Veidne:Commonscat"," 23.25% 42.722 1 Veidne:Atsauces"," 13.84% 25.433 3 Veidne:Asbox"," 13.05% 23.990 1 Veidne:Ģeogrāfija-aizmetnis"," 11.66% 21.432 1 Veidne:Commons"," 10.73% 19.716 1 Veidne:Sister"," 9.97% 18.331 1 Veidne:ISBN"," 9.88% 18.164 1 Veidne:Grāmatas_atsauce"," 9.67% 17.767 1 Veidne:Side_box"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.069","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":2764787,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-hppzn","timestamp":"20241123124155","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Z\u012bda ce\u013c\u0161","url":"https:\/\/lv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q36288","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q36288","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2008-05-26T18:55:43Z","dateModified":"2023-09-12T18:07:49Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/ed\/Transasia_trade_routes_1stC_CE_gr2.png"}</script> </body> </html>