Commons:File naming - Wikimedia Commons

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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2588%25D9%258A%25D9%2583%25D9%258A%25D8%25A8%25D9%258A%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7:%25D8%25A3%25D8%25B3%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A1_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D9%2584%25D9%2581%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA" title="ويكيبيديا:أسماء الملفات – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكيبيديا:أسماء الملفات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25B5%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%25AA%25E0%25B3%2580%25E0%25B2%25A1%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%25AF:%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B2%25A1%25E0%25B2%25A4_%25E0%25B2%25B9%25E0%25B3%2586%25E0%25B2%25B8%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B3%2581%25E0%25B2%2597%25E0%25B2%25B3%25E0%25B3%2581" title="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:ಕಡತ ಹೆಸರುಗಳು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:ಕಡತ ಹೆಸರುಗಳು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EC%259C%2584%25ED%2582%25A4%25EB%25B0%25B1%25EA%25B3%25BC:%25ED%258C%258C%25EC%259D%25BC_%25EC%259D%25B4%25EB%25A6%2584" title="위키백과:파일 이름 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키백과:파일 이름" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%259D%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2580%2580%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%2592%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%259A%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%25B8:%25E1%2580%2596%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%25A1%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%258A%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25BB%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%25B8" title="ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား:ဖိုင်အမည်များ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား:ဖိုင်အမည်များ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:T%25C3%25AAn_t%25E1%25BA%25ADp_tin" title="Wikipedia:Tên tập tin – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wikipedia:Tên tập tin" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%25E6%25AA%2594%25E6%25A1%2588%25E5%2590%258D%25E7%25A8%25B1" title="Wikipedia:檔案名稱 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" 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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Commons</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">File naming</span></h1> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-project" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="View the project page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Project page</span></a></li> <li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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title="Commons:Tipos de ficheiros (7% translated)" lang="gl" dir="ltr">galego</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/hu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Fájlok elnevezése (5% translated)" lang="hu" dir="ltr">magyar</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/pl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Nazywanie plików (10% translated)" lang="pl" dir="ltr">polski</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/pt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Nomes de ficheiros (10% translated)" lang="pt" dir="ltr">português</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/pt-br?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:File naming/pt-br (15% translated)" lang="pt-BR" dir="ltr">português do Brasil</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/sv?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Filnamn (10% translated)" lang="sv" dir="ltr">svenska</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/cs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Pojmenovávání souborů (2% translated)" lang="cs" dir="ltr">čeština</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/szl?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:File naming/szl (0% translated)" lang="szl" dir="ltr">ślůnski</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/el?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Μετονομασία αρχείων (10% translated)" lang="el" dir="ltr">Ελληνικά</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/ru?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Именование файлов (12% translated)" lang="ru" dir="ltr">русский</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/uk?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Вікісховище:Іменування файлів (10% translated)" lang="uk" dir="ltr">українська</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/ar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="كومنز:تسمية الملف (100% translated)" lang="ar" dir="rtl">العربية</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/fa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="انبار:نام‌گذاری فایل (10% translated)" lang="fa" dir="rtl">فارسی</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/hi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:फ़ाइलों का नामकरण (71% translated)" lang="hi" dir="ltr">हिन्दी</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/bn?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="কমন্স:চিত্রের নামকরণ (10% translated)" lang="bn" dir="ltr">বাংলা</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/gu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:File naming/gu (2% translated)" lang="gu" dir="ltr">ગુજરાતી</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/zh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:文件命名 (10% translated)" lang="zh" dir="ltr">中文</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/ja?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:ファイル名の付け方 (34% translated)" lang="ja" dir="ltr">日本語</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:File_naming/ko?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:파일 이름 (10% translated)" lang="ko" dir="ltr">한국어</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="notice metadata notice-guideline" role="note" id="policy" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r726500274">.mw-parser-output .notice-guideline{align-items:center;border-top:2px solid #b3b3b3;border-bottom:2px solid #b3b3b3;display:flex;gap:1em;margin:10px;padding:7px}.mw-parser-output .notice-guideline[dir="rtl"]{direction:rtl}</style> <div> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Commons_guideline.png/40px-Commons_guideline.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Commons_guideline.png/60px-Commons_guideline.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Commons_guideline.png/80px-Commons_guideline.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460"></span></span> </div> <div> <p><b>This page is considered an <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Policies_and_guidelines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Policies and guidelines">official guideline</a> on Wikimedia Commons.</b></p> <p>It illustrates standards or behaviors which most editors agree with in principle and generally follow. Feel free to update the page as needed, but please use the <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons_talk:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons talk:File naming">discussion page</a> to propose major changes.</p> </div> </div> <div class="notice metadata" id="nutshell" style="border-top:2px solid #ddd; border-bottom:2px solid #ddd; margin:10px; padding:7px;"> <table style="width:100%;"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/40px-Walnut.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/60px-Walnut.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/80px-Walnut.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192"></span></span></td> <td style="width:100%;"><b>This page in a nutshell:</b> File names should ideally be descriptive, clear, appropriate and concise. However, old files do not need to be renamed to fit this guideline exactly, due to the costs of renaming files.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p>The file name is the basis for the file's URL and use in other projects. These file naming guidelines are designed to aid uploaders in selecting proper names for their files. It is important to note that while this page provides recommendations for creating suitable filenames, they are not intended to serve as standalone justification for renaming files. Rather, they should be interpreted in conjunction with the <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_renaming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File renaming">file renaming</a> guideline, balancing the principles outlined here with the costs of renaming files. In general, the costs of renaming are significant,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so Commons aims to provide stable filenames and renames are limited. Unlike with Wikipedia articles, there are often numerous good names for any given file, and files are rarely <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Overwriting_existing_files?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Overwriting existing files">overwritten</a> or updated.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These considerations mean it is important to select high-quality filenames during the initial upload or soon afterwards, as otherwise they will likely never be improved.</p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"> <h2 id="Purpose_of_file_names" data-mw-thread-id="h-Purpose_of_file_names"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Purpose_of_file_names"></span>Purpose of file names<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Purpose_of_file_names"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Commons:File_naming&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Purpose of file names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span> </div> <p>Names are used to uniquely identify the item involved. Names should be</p> <ul> <li>descriptive, chosen according to what the image displays or contents portray</li> <li>accurate, especially where scientific names, proper nouns, dates, etc. are used</li> </ul> <p>Contributors categorizing files frequently have different demands from those who create, process, manage and upload them. Unless there is a compelling reason not to, the uploader's choice of name should be honored. This is a courtesy, not an absolute right, however. If a name is disruptive or inappropriate, a different name may be chosen.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"> <h2 id="Naming_conventions" data-mw-thread-id="h-Naming_conventions"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Naming_conventions"></span>Naming conventions<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Naming_conventions"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Commons:File_naming&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Naming conventions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span> </div> <p>Media files can be uploaded with names in any language in any script (coded as <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8" class="extiw" title="en:UTF-8">UTF-8</a>) - see <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Language_policy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Language policy">Commons:Language policy</a>. The <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filename_extension" class="extiw" title="en:Filename extension">filename extension</a> (e.g., .jpg) should match the <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_format" class="extiw" title="en:File format">file format</a> (e.g., <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG" class="extiw" title="en:JPEG">JPEG</a>), and not be doubled (e.g., <i>.jpg.jpg</i> or <i>.tiff.jpg</i>). The filename should clearly describe what the file contains, but it should be reasonably concise. Whether a filename is perceived to be suitable often depends on the familiarity of the individual with the subject. It also occurs that <i>items are known under different terms to different contributors</i> or they <i>believe</i> entities are primarily well-known under the term they are used with to describe this entity, neglecting <i>cultural differences</i>, even within countries. Therefore, it is likely that no single name will completely satisfy all contributors. The following lists various characteristics of a good file name. These should be seen as goals, not as rules written in stone. Generally speaking, stable filenames are more important than perfect filenames, and missing a few of these goals is not justification for moving the file. But when in doubt, aim for a stable more generic name.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Descriptive" data-mw-thread-id="h-Descriptive-Naming_conventions"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Descriptive-Naming_conventions"></span>Descriptive<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Descriptive-Naming_conventions"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Commons:File_naming&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Descriptive"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span> </div> <ul> <li><b>Meaningful</b> – Names should not consist entirely of auto-generated letters and numbers, such as "DSC123456.jpg". Commons uses the <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/MediaWiki:Filename-prefix-blacklist?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="MediaWiki:Filename-prefix-blacklist">Filename prefix blacklist</a> and the <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/MediaWiki:Titleblacklist?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="MediaWiki:Titleblacklist">Titleblacklist</a> to enforce this policy.</li> <li><b>Content-based</b> – Prioritize describing the subject matter over indicating its origin. Do not use names that solely consist of dates, the name of the photographer or rights holder, terms like “Flickr”, “original”, “crop”, and/or catalogue numbers. For example, <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:20110428_OH_K1023900_0014.JPG_-_Flickr_-_NZ_Defence_Force.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="File:20110428 OH K1023900 0014.JPG - Flickr - NZ Defence Force.jpg">File:20110428 OH K1023900 0014.JPG - Flickr - NZ Defence Force.jpg</a> does not describe its subject matter at all despite its length. However, it is acceptable to include such information within the name so long as the name remains reasonably brief and also contains a description of the subject matter. Remember that details like photographer name and source information should be included on the file page. Situations where the subject is identified with a date, such as the book <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Four" class="extiw" title="en:Nineteen Eighty-Four">1984</a></i>, are exceptions to this criterion.</li> <li><b>Specific</b> – For images of places, the name should describe a specific location with phrasing that aids in figuring out where the image was taken if it is known by the uploader and what the image depicts, such as <i>Colcester Zoo</i>, <i>18 Rue Norvins</i>, or <i>Anime Expo 2022</i>. The name should not consist primarily of a broad location, such as <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Paris_319.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="File:Paris 319.jpg">File:Paris 319.jpg</a>, <i>Ontario hill</i>, or <i>Japan train station</i>, where the location is so large that only someone who knows the area very well can identify the image. Similarly, unless the file is an icon, clip art, or other illustration where a broad category is most descriptive of the subject, the name should not consist primarily of a generic or broad category such as a word like "smartphone", "screenshot", "queen" or "bird", but rather impart detailed information that would help someone identify the specific object depicted, such as "Nokia N8 Blue (Front)".</li> <li><b>Precise</b> – The name should unambiguously identify the file's subject, and distinguish it from other similar subjects. For example, <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Michaeljackson.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="File:Michaeljackson.jpg">File:Michaeljackson.jpg</a> should have included some information to distinguish itself from files in <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Category:Michael_Jackson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Category:Michael Jackson">Category:Michael Jackson</a>. For distinguishing places, refer to our sister project <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wikivoyage:Naming_conventions%23Disambiguation" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Wikivoyage:Naming conventions">Wikivoyage:Naming conventions § Disambiguation</a>.</li> <li><b>Correct</b> – The name should describe the file's content and convey what the subject is actually called. Inaccurate names for the file subject, although they may be common, should be avoided. The title given to a work of art by the artist that created it is considered appropriate, even if the name has nothing to do with what is depicted (for example, many works of <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dadaism" class="extiw" title="en:Dadaism">Dadaism</a>). The name should also be free of obvious errors, such as misspelled <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noun%23Proper_nouns_and_common_nouns" class="extiw" title="en:Noun">proper nouns</a>, incorrect dates, and misidentified objects or organisms. Users are allowed to upload "unidentified" or "unknown" organisms but such files may be renamed upon identification.</li> <li><b>Time</b> – Include the year or date a photo was taken</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Clear" data-mw-thread-id="h-Clear-Naming_conventions"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Clear-Naming_conventions"></span>Clear<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Clear-Naming_conventions"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Commons:File_naming&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Clear"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span> </div> <ul> <li><b>Concise</b> – The name should be no longer than necessary. Generally a descriptive phrase is sufficient. There is a hard limit on filenames of 240 bytes long.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Keeping the filename reasonably short reduces need for truncation when the file is downloaded, e.g., on <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_disc" class="extiw" title="en:Compact disc">CDs</a> filenames are limited to 31, 64, 197 or 207 bytes or characters, depending on extensions used. Put the subject up front, so that when names are clipped it is still possible to figure out what it is about. Only the first 20 characters show up on category pages. For place names, the basic name of the place, without a whole bunch of localizing addenda, is the best, e.g. "Denver" instead of "Denver, Colorado" or "City of Denver".</li> <li><b>Spelled out</b> – Abbreviations, acronyms, and a person's initials are often ambiguous and thus should be spelled out. Although such initialisms are related to the subject of the file, the meaning is not immediately clear to the reader. Spelling out a subject's full name also aids significantly in searching. For purposes of concision, it is allowed to use well-known acronyms and initialisms such as NATO, so long as other parts of the name provide sufficient information to identify the subject, or to use abbreviations for the image source.</li> <li><b>Recognizable</b> – As many as possible should be able to understand the name, whether they are an expert, someone familiar with the subject area, or someone on the street.</li> <li><b>Intuitive</b> – Names should anticipate what users are likely to type when looking or searching for the subject. Significant keywords not present in the name should be included in the description or metadata.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Practical_considerations" data-mw-thread-id="h-Practical_considerations-Naming_conventions"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Practical_considerations-Naming_conventions"></span>Practical considerations<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Practical_considerations-Naming_conventions"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Commons:File_naming&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Practical considerations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span> </div> <ul> <li><b>Unique</b> – By the design of Commons's software, no two files can have the same name. To prevent collisions, it is encouraged to add <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_strength" class="extiw" title="w:Password strength">strongly</a> distinguishing information such as a source, date, or catalogue identifier, although it is not always necessary.</li> <li><b>Appropriate</b> – Names should be neither vulgar (unless unavoidable) nor pedantic. Names apparently created for the purpose of vandalism, attack, or provocation, such as libelous, insulting, degrading, crude, or offensive descriptions, names containing inappropriate or non-public personal information, or names that are blatant advertising or self-promotion, will be removed immediately. For example, an image of a person with the name "File:1BIGGest_nOSE_everS33n.JPG" is unlikely to remain. Names that are or have been associated with nationalistic, religious or racist causes are allowed provided they are legal to host and otherwise fall within Commons scope, for example a filename like "File:Taiwanese Tiaoyutai islands map.png".</li> <li><b>Neutral</b> – Refer to <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Neutral_point_of_view?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Neutral point of view">Commons:Project scope/Neutral point of view</a></li> <li>There is no obligation to use a specific <b>language</b> for new uploads, even if other files in a subject area use that language. Any relevant spelling variation may be used.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Tie-breaking_criteria" data-mw-thread-id="h-Tie-breaking_criteria-Naming_conventions"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Tie-breaking_criteria-Naming_conventions"></span>Tie-breaking criteria<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Tie-breaking_criteria-Naming_conventions"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Commons:File_naming&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Tie-breaking criteria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span> </div> <ul> <li><b>Common</b> – When considering different names for a subject, names that are more commonly used (as determined by prevalence in reliable sources) are preferred. Search engines, international organizations, media outlets, encyclopedias, databases, scientific bodies, and scientific journals may be consulted to identify the most common name(s). For places, the name should be the most commonly-used name in the local language.</li> <li><b>Consistent</b> – The name should be consistent with the pattern of similar files' names. Many naming conventions exist, and sometimes conflict with other criteria; there is currently no standard set of conventions. The costs and benefits should be weighed when considering any specific convention. <ul> <li>For batch uploads, use a consistent filename template based on what data is available. Sample templates include <code>{title} ({source})</code>, <code>{title} - {source} {id}</code>, and <code>{brief_description}, {year}</code>.</li> <li>Files that form parts of a whole (such as scans from the same book or large images that are divided into smaller portions due to Commons’ upload size restriction) should follow the same naming convention so that they appear together, in order, in categories and lists.</li> <li>Certain complex templates (such as those that use BSicons or that display football kits) assume that the images used in them will follow a specific naming convention. <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikisource" class="extiw" title="en:Wikisource">Wikisource</a> also uses a specific naming convention for the source files they transcribe.</li> </ul></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"> <h2 id="Language-specific_guidelines" data-mw-thread-id="h-Language-specific_guidelines"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Language-specific_guidelines"></span>Language-specific guidelines<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Language-specific_guidelines"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Commons:File_naming&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Language-specific guidelines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span> </div> <p>These guidelines apply to names in English. Speakers of other languages may define guidelines for their language in the relevant translations.</p> <ul> <li>The preferred name style is sentence case (downstyle) with initial capitalization and without ending punctuation, e.g. "Smoky sunset in Taiwan", as it is more readable and contains the most information. Other conventions such as title case may make sense in the context of batch uploads, as it is difficult to infer sentence case from all caps.</li> <li>Articles (a, an, the) can often be removed without changing the meaning.</li> <li>Names are not full sentences, but small bits of information. In most cases, the proper length is between two and twelve words. One-word names are almost always too ambiguous, and should be avoided. If the name is 20 words it is probably too long, and if it is 30 or more, it is almost definitely too long. English filenames will usually use 1 byte per character (some symbols may fall outside the <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII" class="extiw" title="en:ASCII">ASCII</a> character set), allowing 240 characters or approximately 50 words as the hard maximum. For non-ASCII characters, 240 bytes may be much less than 240 characters, as these can take up to 4 bytes per character.<sup id="cite_ref-b_30202_6-0" class="reference"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-b_30202-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Names should not go out-of-date. Avoid words and phrases like "current", "incumbent", "expected", "recently", "soon", or "next year", preferring more precise language such as "in 1969" or "fifth president".</li> <li>Avoid abusing Unicode. Control characters can be omitted, strange punctuation can be replaced with standard quotes and commas, and symbols such as "♥" are often more natural when spelled out ("heart"), also increasing visibility in search. Furthermore some characters do not render correctly at all in certain operating systems and browsers. It is a good idea to stick to letters, numbers, underscore (space), ASCII hyphen/minus/dash, plus, and period (dot), as these do not have any MediaWiki restrictions. Letters with diacritics and accents are acceptable, but so is omitting diacritics and accents (e.g. "Calderón"/"Calderon", "Erdoğan"/"Erdogan").</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"> <h2 id="References" data-mw-thread-id="h-References"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-References"></span>References<span data-mw-comment-end="h-References"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Commons:File_naming&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span> </div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">as there might be external file clients, and file moving involves significant human and computing resources</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Overwriting_existing_files?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Overwriting existing files">Commons:Overwriting existing files</a> (a guideline), <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template:Dont_overwrite?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Template:Dont overwrite">Template:Dont overwrite</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_renaming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File renaming">Commons:File renaming</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Requests_for_comment/File_renaming_criterion_2?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Requests for comment/File renaming criterion 2">Commons:Requests for comment/File renaming criterion 2</a>, <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Blocking_policy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Use" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Blocking policy">Commons:Blocking policy</a>, <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Examples" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope">Commons:Project scope#Examples</a>, <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Revision_deletion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#When_Revision_Deletion_may_be_used" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Revision deletion">Commons:Revision deletion</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The limit was 255 bytes until late 2011 – see <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T32202" class="extiw" title="phab:T32202">Phabricator: T32202</a>. Existing filenames may be up to 255 bytes, but new uploads are restricted to 240. A filename over 240 bytes may break horribly when uploading a new version (As the date is prefixed to the filename for old versions of the file which takes 15 bytes).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-b_30202-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-b_30202_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T32202" class="extiw" title="phabricator:T32202">Phabricator: T32202</a></span></li> </ol> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikimedia_Commons_policies_and_guidelines" style="padding:3px"> <table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template:Commons_policies_and_guidelines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Template:Commons policies and guidelines"><span title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</span></a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Template_talk:Commons_policies_and_guidelines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Template talk:Commons policies and guidelines"><span title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</span></a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Template:Commons_policies_and_guidelines&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"><span title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="Wikimedia_Commons_policies_and_guidelines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"> Wikimedia Commons <a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Policies_and_guidelines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Policies and guidelines">policies and guidelines</a> </div></th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Category:Commons_policies?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Category:Commons policies">Policies</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Project</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:General_disclaimer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:General disclaimer">General disclaimer</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope">Project scope</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Allowable_file_types?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Allowable file types">Allowable file types</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Evidence?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Evidence">Evidence</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Neutral_point_of_view?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Neutral point of view">Neutral point of view</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Precautionary_principle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Precautionary principle">Precautionary principle</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Pages,_galleries_and_categories?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Pages, galleries and categories">Pages, galleries and categories</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Use_of_gender_neutral_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Use of gender neutral language">Use of gender neutral language</a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Content</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing">Licensing policy</a> <ul> <li><i><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:De_minimis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:De minimis">De minimis</a></i></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fair_use?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fair use">Fair use</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-Art_tag?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag">When to use the PD-Art tag</a></li> </ul></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Deletion_policy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Deletion policy">Deletion policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Criteria_for_speedy_deletion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Criteria for speedy deletion">Criteria for speedy deletion</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Revision_deletion?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Revision deletion">Revision deletion</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Language_policy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Language policy">Language policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Categories?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Categories">Category policy</a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Behaviour</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Blocking_policy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Blocking policy">Blocking policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Protection_policy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Protection policy">Page protection</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators/De-adminship?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators/De-adminship">De-adminship</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Paid_contribution_disclosure_policy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Paid contribution disclosure policy">Paid contribution disclosure</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Translation_administrators/Policy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Translation administrators/Policy">Translation administrators</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Signatures?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Signatures">Signatures</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Username_policy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Username policy">Username policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Civility?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Civility">Civility</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:No_personal_attacks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:No personal attacks">No personal attacks</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Harassment?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Harassment">Harassment</a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div></div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Category:Commons_guidelines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Category:Commons guidelines">Guidelines</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Content</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:What_Commons_is_not?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:What Commons is not">What Commons is not</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright_restrictions?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright restrictions">Non-copyright restrictions</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fan_art?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fan art">Fan art</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Nudity?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Nudity">Nudity</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Photographs of identifiable people">Photographs of identifiable people</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative_works?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative works">Derivative works</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-scan_tag?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When to use the PD-scan tag">When to use the PD-scan tag</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Galleries?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Galleries">Galleries</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Image_annotations?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Image annotations">Using ImageAnnotator</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File naming">File naming</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_renaming?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File renaming">File renaming</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Overwriting_existing_files?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Overwriting existing files">Overwriting existing files</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Grandfathered_old_files?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Grandfathered old files">Grandfathered old files</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:AI-generated_media?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:AI-generated media">AI-generated media</a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Behaviour</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Assume_good_faith?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Assume good faith">Assume good faith</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyleft_trolling?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyleft trolling">Copyleft trolling</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Ownership_of_pages_and_files?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Ownership of pages and files">Ownership of pages and files</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Talk_page_guidelines?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Talk page guidelines">Talk page guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:User-specific_galleries,_templates_and_categories?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:User-specific galleries, templates and categories">User-specific galleries, templates and categories</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators">Administrators</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Vandalism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Vandalism">Vandalism</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Rollback?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Rollback">Rollback</a></li> <li><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Patrol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Patrol">Patrol</a></li> </ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div></div></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Category:Commons_licensing_help?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Category:Commons licensing help">Licensing help</a><br> (<a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commons:Village_pump/Copyright?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commons:Village pump/Copyright">Village pump</a>)</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="https://commons-wikimedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Choosing_a_license?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Choosing a license">Choosing a license</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a 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