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climate subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography_and_climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Government </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subdivisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subdivisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Subdivisions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subdivisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Demographics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demographics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dialect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dialect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Dialect </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dialect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture_and_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture_and_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Culture and people </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture_and_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Culture and people subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Culture_and_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cultural_properties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_properties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Cultural properties </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultural_properties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Notable people </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Cuisine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Sports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Economy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Tourism </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Tourism subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_of_tourist_attractions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_tourist_attractions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 List of tourist attractions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_tourist_attractions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Infrastructure </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Infrastructure subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Healthcare </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Utilities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.3 Transportation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Twin towns – sister cities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Gyeongju</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 50 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" > 50 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%AC%D9%88_(%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9)" title="غيونغجو (مدينة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غيونغجو (مدينة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju_Chh%C4%AB" title="Gyeongju Chhī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Gyeongju Chhī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%83" title="Кьонджу – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кьонджу" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyonju" title="Kyonju – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kyonju" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjongd%C5%BEu" title="Kjongdžu – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kjongdžu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjon%C4%9Du" title="Kjonĝu – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kjonĝu" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%AC%D9%88" title="گیونگجو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گیونگجو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C" title="경주시 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="경주시" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%B5%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%BB%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Գյոնգջու – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գյոնգջու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%83" title="Кёнджу – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Кёнджу" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%B6%D1%83" title="Кёнжу – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кёнжу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjongd%C5%BEu" title="Kjongdžu – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kjongdžu" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjongdzsu" title="Kjongdzsu – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kjongdzsu" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%81" title="ഗ്യോങ്ജു – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗ്യോങ്ജു" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%B6%D2%AF" title="Кёнжү – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Кёнжү" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B0%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ဂယောင်းဂျူမြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂယောင်းဂျူမြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%85%B6%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="慶州市 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="慶州市" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%83" title="Кёнджу – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кёнджу" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B9%D0%BE%D2%A3%D2%97%D1%83" title="Кйоңҗу – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кйоңҗу" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B9" title="คย็องจู – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คย็องจู" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gyeongju" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%83" title="Кьонджу – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кьонджу" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%AC%D9%88" title="گیونگجو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گیونگجو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Gyeongju" 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<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Gyeongju&params=35_51_N_129_13_E_type:city_region:KR-47">35°51′N 129°13′E / 35.850°N 129.217°E / 35.850; 129.217</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in North Gyeongsang, South Korea</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the 2014 South Korean film, see <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_(film)" title="Gyeongju (film)">Gyeongju (film)</a>. For the given name, see <a href="/wiki/Kyung-ju_(name)" title="Kyung-ju (name)">Kyung-ju (name)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Geumseong" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Geumseong_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Geumseong (disambiguation)">Geumseong (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Municipal City in North Gyeongsang Province, South Korea</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Gyeongju</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native">경주시</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities of South Korea">Municipal City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Korean transcription(s)</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">Hangul</a></th><td class="infobox-data">경주시</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Hanja" title="Hanja">Hanja</a></th><td class="infobox-data">慶州市</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Revised Romanization</th><td class="infobox-data">Gyeongju-si</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • McCune–Reischauer</th><td class="infobox-data">Kyŏngju-si</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Gyeongju_montage.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Top left: Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond; Top right: Bell of King Seongdeok; middle left: Seokguram; middle right:Bulguksa temple; bottom left: Yangdong Folk Village; bottom right: Cheomseongdae."><img alt="A collage of six photographs of Gyeongju landmarks." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Gyeongju_montage.png/250px-Gyeongju_montage.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="338" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Gyeongju_montage.png/375px-Gyeongju_montage.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Gyeongju_montage.png/500px-Gyeongju_montage.png 2x" data-file-width="741" data-file-height="1002" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Top left: <a href="/wiki/Donggung_Palace_and_Wolji_Pond" title="Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond">Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond</a>; Top right: <a href="/wiki/Bell_of_King_Seongdeok" title="Bell of King Seongdeok">Bell of King Seongdeok</a>; middle left: <a href="/wiki/Seokguram" title="Seokguram">Seokguram</a>; middle right:<a href="/wiki/Bulguksa" title="Bulguksa">Bulguksa</a> temple; bottom left: <a href="/wiki/Yangdong_Folk_Village" title="Yangdong Folk Village">Yangdong Folk Village</a>; bottom right: <a href="/wiki/Cheomseongdae" title="Cheomseongdae">Cheomseongdae</a>.</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Gyeongju.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Gyeongju"><img alt="Flag of Gyeongju" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Gyeongju.svg/100px-Flag_of_Gyeongju.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Gyeongju.svg/150px-Flag_of_Gyeongju.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Flag_of_Gyeongju.svg/200px-Flag_of_Gyeongju.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Gyeongju_logo.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Official logo of Gyeongju"><img alt="A simplified crown in olive green on a nearly cube-shaped background in dark blue. White dots are scattered around the crown. Two gray green bars are both vertically and horizontally placed beside the diagram." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/23/Gyeongju_logo.png/100px-Gyeongju_logo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/23/Gyeongju_logo.png/150px-Gyeongju_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/23/Gyeongju_logo.png/200px-Gyeongju_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="287" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Emblem of Gyeongju</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:North_Gyeongsang-Gyeongju.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location in South Korea"><img alt="A region on an east coast is divided into 23 districts, with the southern coastal district highlighted." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/North_Gyeongsang-Gyeongju.svg/250px-North_Gyeongsang-Gyeongju.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="352" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/North_Gyeongsang-Gyeongju.svg/375px-North_Gyeongsang-Gyeongju.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/North_Gyeongsang-Gyeongju.svg/500px-North_Gyeongsang-Gyeongju.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="509" data-file-height="716" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location in South Korea</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Gyeongju&params=35_51_N_129_13_E_type:city_region:KR-47">35°51′N 129°13′E / 35.850°N 129.217°E / 35.850; 129.217</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Korea" title="Regions of Korea">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/North_Gyeongsang_Province" title="North Gyeongsang Province">North Gyeongsang Province</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">57 BC</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_South_Korea" title="Administrative divisions of South Korea">Administrative divisions</a></th><td class="infobox-data">4 eup, 8 myeon, 11 dong, 305 ri</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Ju Nak-young (주낙영)<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,324.39 km2 (511.35 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (September 2024<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a>)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">245,365</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">212/km2 (550/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Dialect<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gyeongsang_dialect" title="Gyeongsang dialect">Gyeongsang</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Gyeongjuite</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B9" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+9">UTC+9</a> (<a href="/wiki/Korea_Standard_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Korea Standard Time">Korea Standard Time</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">+82-54</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/open_content/eng/index.do">City of Gyeongju</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Gyeongju (<a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>: 경주, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>pronounced <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Korean" title="Help:IPA/Korean">[kjʌ̹ŋ.dʑu]</a>), historically known as Seorabeol (서라벌, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991">pronounced <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Korean" title="Help:IPA/Korean">[sʰʌ̹.ɾa̠.bʌɭ]</a>), is a coastal city in the far southeastern corner of <a href="/wiki/North_Gyeongsang_Province" title="North Gyeongsang Province">North Gyeongsang Province</a>, South Korea.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_Gyeongju_1-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Xinhua-4">[4]</a> It is the second largest city by area in the province after <a href="/wiki/Andong" title="Andong">Andong</a>, covering 1,324 km2 (511 sq mi) with a population of 264,091 people as of December 2012<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit">[update]</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_Gyeongju_1-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gyeongbuk_area-5">[5]</a> Gyeongju is 370 km (230 mi) southeast of <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Brisbane-6">[6]</a> and 55 km (34 mi) east of <a href="/wiki/Daegu" title="Daegu">Daegu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Kyŏngju-7">[7]</a> The city borders <a href="/wiki/Cheongdo" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheongdo">Cheongdo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yeongcheon" title="Yeongcheon">Yeongcheon</a> to the west, <a href="/wiki/Ulsan" title="Ulsan">Ulsan</a> to the south and <a href="/wiki/Pohang" title="Pohang">Pohang</a> to the north, while to the east lies the coast of the <a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Japan" title="Sea of Japan">Sea of Japan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_Gyeongju_1-3">[3]</a> Numerous low mountains—outliers of the <a href="/wiki/Taebaek_Mountains" title="Taebaek Mountains">Taebaek range</a>—are scattered around the city.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_Nature-8">[8]</a> Gyeongju was the capital of the ancient kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Silla" title="Silla">Silla</a> (57 BC – 935 AD), which ruled about two-thirds of the Korean peninsula at its height between the 7th and 9th centuries, for close to one thousand years. <a href="/wiki/Later_Silla" class="mw-redirect" title="Later Silla">Later Silla</a> was a prosperous and wealthy country,<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> and Gyeongju<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> was[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">when?</a>] the fourth largest city in the world.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> A vast number of archaeological sites and cultural properties from this period remain in the city. Gyeongju is often referred to as "the museum without walls".<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Travel_Blackboard-16">[16]</a> Among such historical treasures, <a href="/wiki/Seokguram" title="Seokguram">Seokguram</a> grotto, <a href="/wiki/Bulguksa" title="Bulguksa">Bulguksa</a> temple, <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_Historic_Areas" title="Gyeongju Historic Areas">Gyeongju Historic Areas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yangdong_Folk_Village" title="Yangdong Folk Village">Yangdong Folk Village</a> are designated as <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage" class="mw-redirect" title="World Heritage">World Heritage</a> Sites by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-Yangdong_2010-18">[18]</a> The many major historical sites have helped Gyeongju become one of the most popular <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_South_Korea" title="Tourism in South Korea">tourist destinations in South Korea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Kyŏngju-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> The city of Gyeongju was united with the nearby rural Gyeongju County in 1995 and is now an urban–rural complex.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> It is similar to 53 other small and medium-sized cities with a population under 300,000 people in South Korea.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> As well as its rich historical heritage, Gyeongju today is affected by the economic, demographic, and social trends that have shaped modern <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_South_Korea" title="Culture of South Korea">South Korean culture</a>. Tourism remains the major economic driver, but manufacturing activities have developed due to its proximity to major industrial centers such as Ulsan and Pohang. Gyeongju is connected to the nationwide rail and highway networks, which facilitate industrial and tourist traffic.<a href="#cite_note-Industry-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-Brit_Transport-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tamásy-24">[24]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Gyeongju" title="History of Gyeongju">History of Gyeongju</a></div>The early history of Gyeongju is closely tied to that of the <a href="/wiki/Silla" title="Silla">Silla</a> kingdom, of which it was the capital. Gyeongju first enters non-Korean records as <a href="/wiki/Saro-guk" class="mw-redirect" title="Saro-guk">Saro-guk</a>, during the <a href="/wiki/Samhan" title="Samhan">Samhan</a> period.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_History-25">[25]</a> Korean records, probably based on the dynastic chronicles of Silla, record that Saro-guk was established in 57 BCE, when six small villages in the Gyeongju area united under <a href="/wiki/Bak_Hyeokgeose_of_Silla" class="mw-redirect" title="Bak Hyeokgeose of Silla">Bak Hyeokgeose</a>. As the kingdom expanded, it changed its name to Silla.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_Silla-26">[26]</a> During the Silla period, the city was called "Seorabeol" (this toponym would eventually evolve into a Korean word for "capital city" as in <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>),<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_History-25">[25]</a> "Gyerim" (lit. Rooster's forest), or "Geumseong" (lit. City of Gold or Metal i.e. Impenetrable Fortress).<a href="#cite_note-Lee_KB_p.78-27">[27]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/Unified_Silla#Unification" title="Unified Silla">unification of the peninsula</a> up to <a href="/wiki/Taedong_River" title="Taedong River">Taedong River</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> in 668 AD, Gyeongju became the center of Korean political and cultural life.<a href="#cite_note-Robinson_et_al._2007._p.28-29">[29]</a> The city was home to the Silla court and the great majority of the kingdom's elite. Its prosperity became legendary, and was reported as far away as <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a> according to the 9th century book <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Roads_and_Kingdoms_(ibn_Khordadbeh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Book of Roads and Kingdoms (ibn Khordadbeh)">The Book of Roads and Kingdoms</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> The historical text <a href="/wiki/Samguk_yusa" title="Samguk yusa">Samguk yusa</a> give the city's population in its peak period[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">when?</a>] as 178,936 households,<a href="#cite_note-Lee_KB_p.78-27">[27]</a> suggesting that the total population was almost one million.<a href="#cite_note-nfm.go.kr-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-Breen_82-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Many of Gyeongju's most famous sites date from this <a href="/wiki/Unified_Silla" title="Unified Silla">Unified Silla</a> period, which ended in the beginning of 10th century by <a href="/wiki/Goryeo" title="Goryeo">Goryeo</a> (918–1392).<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_History-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_Silla-26">[26]</a><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King_Kyungsoon_of_Silla_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/King_Kyungsoon_of_Silla_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="233" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="233" /></a><figcaption>A portrait of the last king of Silla, <a href="/wiki/Gyeongsun_of_Silla" title="Gyeongsun of Silla">King Gyeongsun</a> (r. 927–935). After his surrender to <a href="/wiki/Taejo_of_Goryeo" title="Taejo of Goryeo">King Taejo</a>, Gyeongju lost its status as capital city.</figcaption></figure> In 940, the founder of Goryeo, <a href="/wiki/Taejo_of_Goryeo" title="Taejo of Goryeo">King Taejo</a>, changed the city's name to "Gyeongju",<a href="#cite_note-Kim,_Chang-hyun_p.1-6-34">[34]</a> which literally means "Congratulatory district".<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> In 987, as Goryeo introduced a system in which three additional capitals were established in politically important provinces outside Gaegyeong (nowadays <a href="/wiki/Kaesong" title="Kaesong">Kaesong</a>), and Gyeongju was designated as "Donggyeong" ("East Capital"). However, that title was removed in 1012, the third year of <a href="/wiki/Hyeonjong_of_Goryeo" title="Hyeonjong of Goryeo">King Hyeongjong</a>'s reign, due to political rivalries at that time,<a href="#cite_note-Kim,_Chang-hyun_p.1-6-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> though Gyeongju was later made the seat of <a href="/wiki/Yeongnam" title="Yeongnam">Yeongnam</a> Province.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_History-25">[25]</a> It had jurisdiction over a wide area, including much of central eastern Yeongnam,<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_History-25">[25]</a> although this area was greatly reduced in the 13th century.<a href="#cite_note-Kim,_Chang-hyun_p.1-6-34">[34]</a> Under the subsequent <a href="/wiki/Joseon" title="Joseon">Joseon</a> (1392–1910) dynasties, Gyeongju was no longer of national importance, but remained a regional center of influence.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_History-25">[25]</a> In 1601, the city ceased to be the provincial capital.<a href="#cite_note-Doosan_History-37">[37]</a> Over these centuries, the city suffered numerous assaults. In the 13th century, <a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongol</a> forces destroyed a nine-story wooden pagoda at <a href="/wiki/Hwangnyongsa" title="Hwangnyongsa">Hwangnyongsa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_History-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasions_of_Korea_(1592%E2%80%931598)" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)">Japanese invasions of Korea</a>, the Gyeongju area became a heated battlefield,<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_History-25">[25]</a> and Japanese forces burned the wooden structures at <a href="/wiki/Bulguksa" title="Bulguksa">Bulguksa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-Guardian_Cole-40">[40]</a> Not all damage was due to invasions, however. In the early Joseon period, a great deal of damage was done to Buddhist sculptures on <a href="/wiki/Namsan_(Gyeongju)" title="Namsan (Gyeongju)">Namsan</a> by <a href="/wiki/Neo-Confucianism" title="Neo-Confucianism">Neo-Confucian</a> radicals, who hacked arms and heads off <a href="/wiki/Statue" title="Statue">statuary</a>.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> In the 20th century, the city remained relatively small, no longer ranking among the major cities of Korea.<a href="#cite_note-KBS_Kim_Dong-ni-42">[42]</a> During the early 20th century, many archaeological excavations were conducted, particularly inside the tombs which had remained largely intact over the centuries.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> A museum, the forerunner of the present-day <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_National_Museum" title="Gyeongju National Museum">Gyeongju National Museum</a>, was inaugurated in 1915 to exhibit the excavated artifacts.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_Museum-44">[44]</a> Gyeongju emerged as a railroad junction in the later years of the <a href="/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule" title="Korea under Japanese rule">Japanese occupation</a>, as the <a href="/wiki/Donghae_Nambu_Line" title="Donghae Nambu Line">Donghae Nambu Line</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jungang_line" title="Jungang line">Jungang line</a> were established in preparation for the <a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a> and to exploit the rich resources of the eastern part of the Korean peninsula.<a href="#cite_note-Donghae_Nambu_Line-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-Junagang_Line-46">[46]</a> Following liberation in 1945, Korea was plunged into turmoil, and Gyeongju was no exception. Returnees from abroad were numerous; a village for them was constructed in present-day <a href="/wiki/Dongcheon-dong,_Gyeongju" title="Dongcheon-dong, Gyeongju">Dongcheon-dong</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> In a period marked by widespread conflict and unrest, the Gyeongju area became particularly notorious for the level of <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_warfare" title="Guerrilla warfare">guerrilla</a> activity in the mountains.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Despite the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> in 1950, most of Gyeongju was spared from the fighting, and remained under South Korean control throughout the conflict. However, for a brief time in late 1950 portions of the city stood on the front lines, as North Korean forces pushed the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pusan_Perimeter" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Pusan Perimeter">Pusan Perimeter</a> southward from Pohang.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> In the 1970s, Korea saw substantial industrial development, much of it centered in the Yeongnam region of which Gyeongju is a part.<a href="#cite_note-Lee,_Sungkyun-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kim,_Won_Bae-51">[51]</a> The <a href="/wiki/POSCO" title="POSCO">POSCO</a> steel mill in neighboring Pohang commenced operations in 1973,<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> and the chemical manufacturing complex in Ulsan emerged in the same year.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> These developments helped to support the emergence of Gyeongju's manufacturing sector.<a href="#cite_note-Industry-22">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography_and_climate">Geography and climate</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography and climate">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea-Gyeongju-Seokguram-13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A distant view of a wooden shrine surrounded by a thick forest on the slopes of a mountain in autumn." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Korea-Gyeongju-Seokguram-13.jpg/220px-Korea-Gyeongju-Seokguram-13.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Korea-Gyeongju-Seokguram-13.jpg/330px-Korea-Gyeongju-Seokguram-13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Korea-Gyeongju-Seokguram-13.jpg/440px-Korea-Gyeongju-Seokguram-13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Seokguram" title="Seokguram">Seokguram</a> grotto on the slopes of <a href="/wiki/Tohamsan" title="Tohamsan">Tohamsan</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></figcaption></figure> Gyeongju lies in the southeastern corner of North Gyeongsang Province, and is bounded by the metropolitan city of <a href="/wiki/Ulsan" title="Ulsan">Ulsan</a> on the south. Within the province, its neighbors include <a href="/wiki/Pohang" title="Pohang">Pohang</a> on the north, <a href="/wiki/Cheongdo_County" title="Cheongdo County">Cheongdo County</a> on the southwest, and <a href="/wiki/Yeongcheon" title="Yeongcheon">Yeongcheon</a> on the northwest.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_Gyeongju_1-3">[3]</a> Gyeongju is located about 50 kilometers (31 mi) north of <a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Xinhua-4">[4]</a> To the east, it has no neighbor but the sea.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_Gyeongju_1-3">[3]</a> Most of Gyeongju lies in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongsang_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyeongsang Basin (page does not exist)">Gyeongsang Basin</a>, but a few areas of the city belong to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pohang_Basin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pohang Basin (page does not exist)">Pohang Basin</a>, such as Eoil-ri and Beomgok-ri in <a href="/wiki/Yangbuk-myeon" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangbuk-myeon">Yangbuk-myeon</a>, and part of <a href="/wiki/Cheonbuk-myeon,_Gyeongju" title="Cheonbuk-myeon, Gyeongju">Cheonbuk-myeon</a>. The Gyeongsang Basin areas consist of Bulguksa intrusive rock penetrating layers of <a href="/wiki/Sedimentary_rock" title="Sedimentary rock">sedimentary rocks</a>, mainly <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Porphyry_(geology)" title="Porphyry (geology)">porphyry</a>. By contrast, the Pohang Basin areas are made up of <a href="/wiki/Stratum" title="Stratum">stratum</a> that formed in the <a href="/wiki/Tertiary" title="Tertiary">Tertiary</a> period of the <a href="/wiki/Cenozoic_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Cenozoic era">Cenozoic era</a>, which consist of <a href="/wiki/Igneous_rock" title="Igneous rock">igneous rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aqueous_rock" class="mw-redirect" title="Aqueous rock">aqueous rock</a>, porphyry, <a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">sandstone</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tuff" title="Tuff">tuff</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Encyber_City-55">[55]</a> Low mountains are widespread throughout Gyeongju. The highest of these are the <a href="/wiki/Taebaek_Mountains" title="Taebaek Mountains">Taebaek Mountains</a>, which run along the city's western border. Gyeongju's highest point, <a href="/wiki/Munboksan" title="Munboksan">Munboksan</a> (문복산), is 1,015 meters (3,330 ft) above <a href="/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level">sea level</a>. This peak lies in <a href="/wiki/Sannae-myeon,_Gyeongju" title="Sannae-myeon, Gyeongju">Sannae-myeon</a>, on the border with <a href="/wiki/Cheongdo_County" title="Cheongdo County">Cheongdo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> East of the Taebaek range, other western peaks such as Danseok Mountain lie within the <a href="/wiki/Jusa_Mountains" title="Jusa Mountains">Jusa</a> subrange.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> The city's eastern peaks, including <a href="/wiki/Tohamsan" title="Tohamsan">Tohamsan</a>, belong to the Haean Mountains and <a href="/wiki/Dongdae_Mountains" title="Dongdae Mountains">Dongdae Mountains</a>.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea-Gyeongju-Map_of_mountains_and_drainage-02.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A river runs from south to north through the region, draining most of it. Half the tallest mountains are on the southern border; other mountains are mostly in the west, clustered in the northwest." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Korea-Gyeongju-Map_of_mountains_and_drainage-02.png/220px-Korea-Gyeongju-Map_of_mountains_and_drainage-02.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Korea-Gyeongju-Map_of_mountains_and_drainage-02.png/330px-Korea-Gyeongju-Map_of_mountains_and_drainage-02.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Korea-Gyeongju-Map_of_mountains_and_drainage-02.png/440px-Korea-Gyeongju-Map_of_mountains_and_drainage-02.png 2x" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="595" /></a><figcaption>Principal mountains and drainage patterns of Gyeongju. Mountains of 500 to 700 m (1,600 to 2,300 ft) are in green, those taller than 700 m (2,300 ft) in violet. The rest three in gray are under 500 m (1,600 ft).</figcaption></figure> Gyeongju's drainage patterns are shaped by these lines of mountains.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_Nature-8">[8]</a> The Dongdae Mountains divide a narrow foothills area on their east, and various internal river systems to the west. Most of the city's interior is drained by the small <a href="/wiki/Hyeongsan_River" title="Hyeongsan River">Hyeongsan River</a>, which flows north from Ulsan and meets the sea at Pohang Harbor. The Hyeongsan's chief tributaries include the Bukcheon and Namcheon, which join it in <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_Basin" title="Gyeongju Basin">Gyeongju Basin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_Nature-8">[8]</a> The southwestern corner of Gyeongju, on the far side of the Taebaek range, drains into the <a href="/wiki/Geumho_River" title="Geumho River">Geumho River</a>, which then flows into the <a href="/wiki/Nakdong_River" title="Nakdong River">Nakdong</a>. A small area of the south, just west of the Dongdae range, drains into the <a href="/wiki/Taehwa_River" title="Taehwa River">Taehwa River</a>, which flows into the Bay of Ulsan.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> The Gyeongju coastline runs for 36.1 kilometers (22.4 mi) between <a href="/wiki/Pohang" title="Pohang">Pohang</a> in the north and <a href="/wiki/Ulsan" title="Ulsan">Ulsan</a> in the south.<a href="#cite_note-2008_Tonggye_2-62">[62]</a> There are no islands or large bays, only the small <a href="/wiki/Alcove_(architecture)" title="Alcove (architecture)">indentations</a> made by the small streams flowing off the Dongdae ridgeline. Because of this, the city has no significant ports, though there are 12 small harbors.<a href="#cite_note-gyeongju1-63">[63]</a> One such harbor in Gyeongju's southeast corner is home to the Ulsan base of the National Maritime Police. This base is responsible for security over a wide area of South Korea's east-central coast.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</div> Gyeongju has a cooler version of a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: Cfa). Due to its coastal location, Gyeongju has a slightly milder climate than the more inland regions of Korea. In general, however, the city's climate is typical of South Korea. It has hot summers and cool winters, with a <a href="/wiki/Monsoon" title="Monsoon">monsoon</a> season between late June and early August. As on the rest of Korea's east coast, autumn <a href="/wiki/Typhoon" title="Typhoon">typhoons</a> are not uncommon. The average annual rainfall is 1,091 millimeters (43.0 in), and the average annual high temperatures range from 8.6–31.1 °C (47–88 °F).<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Gyeongju's historic city center lies on the banks of the Hyeongsan in Gyeongju Basin. This lowlying area has been subject to repeated <a href="/wiki/Flood" title="Flood">flooding</a> throughout recorded history, often as a result of typhoons. On average, chronicles report a major flood every 27.9 years, beginning in the 1st century.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> Modern flood control mechanisms brought about a dramatic reduction in flooding in the later 20th century. The last major flood occurred in 1991, when the Deokdong Lake reservoir overflowed due to <a href="/wiki/1991_Pacific_typhoon_season#Typhoon_Gladys" title="1991 Pacific typhoon season">Typhoon Gladys</a>.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Gyeongju (2011–2020 normals, extremes 2010–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFAA55; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.8 (62.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.2 (75.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6 (79.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.5 (90.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF2400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.2 (97.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5 (97.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF0C00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.7 (103.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF0B00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.8 (103.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.1 (95.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.5 (88.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.4 (84.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3 (66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF0B00; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">39.8 (103.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9 (42.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4 (47.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.4 (57.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7 (67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.7 (78.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7 (81.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.6 (87.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.4 (88.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.2 (79.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8913; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.6 (70.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.3 (59.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7 (45.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF962E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">19.6 (67.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 (32.5) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3 (36.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4 (45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC68D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.7 (54.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4 (65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9 (71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.4 (77.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.9 (78.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.5 (68.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8 (58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE2C5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7 (47.7) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 (35.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.4 (56.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.7 (23.5) </td> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.1 (26.4) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0 (33.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0 (42.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7 (53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.0 (62.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.4 (70.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9 (71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2 (61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3 (48.7) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0 (37.4) </td> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.2 (26.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">8.0 (46.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−14.7 (5.5) </td> <td style="background: #9E9EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−13.4 (7.9) </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.6 (20.1) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.0 (26.6) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 (35.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 (50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9 (58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0 (57.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0 (44.6) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6 (30.9) </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.6 (20.1) </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.7 (10.9) </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−14.7 (5.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #CFFFCF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2 (1.27) </td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.8 (1.21) </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.7 (2.35) </td> <td style="background: #6BFF6B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96.1 (3.78) </td> <td style="background: #ACFFAC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.3 (2.18) </td> <td style="background: #64FF64; color:#000000;" class="notheme">100.6 (3.96) </td> <td style="background: #00E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">190.1 (7.48) </td> <td style="background: #00E000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">191.9 (7.56) </td> <td style="background: #00D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">194.1 (7.64) </td> <td style="background: #5DFF5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">108.2 (4.26) </td> <td style="background: #C4FFC4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.8 (1.49) </td> <td style="background: #DAFFDA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4 (0.96) </td> <td style="background: #71FF71; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,121.2 (44.14) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) </th> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1 </td> <td style="background: #A2A2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8 </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6 </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 </td> <td style="background: #9F9FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6 </td> <td style="background: #6161FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.8 </td> <td style="background: #5555FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.7 </td> <td style="background: #6363FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.2 </td> <td style="background: #ACACFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8 </td> <td style="background: #BCBCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4 </td> <td style="background: #9191FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">104.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #3535FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">52.6 </td> <td style="background: #2626FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56.7 </td> <td style="background: #2020FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">58.3 </td> <td style="background: #1818FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60.3 </td> <td style="background: #0C0CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000E8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72.6 </td> <td style="background: #0000D2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000CC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000C7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">81.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000DE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000FB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.5 </td> <td style="background: #2727FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000FE; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">66.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">197.2 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">179.1 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">226.7 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">218.8 </td> <td style="background: #E0E000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">240.0 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">182.1 </td> <td style="background: #C9C900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">162.9 </td> <td style="background: #D2D200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">180.9 </td> <td style="background: #C5C507; color:#000000;" class="notheme">147.5 </td> <td style="background: #D1D100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">178.5 </td> <td style="background: #CBCB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">161.8 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">186.2 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,261.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Korea_Meteorological_Administration" title="Korea Meteorological Administration">Korea Meteorological Administration</a><a href="#cite_note-KMA-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-KMAextremes-71">[71]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Government">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea-Gyeongju-City_Hall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="In front of a low and ivory building, a parking lot and cars are shown." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Korea-Gyeongju-City_Hall.jpg/220px-Korea-Gyeongju-City_Hall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Korea-Gyeongju-City_Hall.jpg/330px-Korea-Gyeongju-City_Hall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Korea-Gyeongju-City_Hall.jpg/440px-Korea-Gyeongju-City_Hall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Gyeongju City Hall in <a href="/wiki/Dongcheon-dong,_Gyeongju" title="Dongcheon-dong, Gyeongju">Dongcheon-dong</a></figcaption></figure> The executive branch of the government is headed by a mayor and vice-mayor. As in other South Korean cities and counties, the mayor is elected directly, while the vice-mayor is appointed.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> As of 2019, the mayor is Joo Nak-young, who was elected on June 13, 2018, in the <a href="/wiki/2018_South_Korean_local_elections" title="2018 South Korean local elections">local elections</a>.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> He is Gyeongju's fifth mayor to be directly elected, the sixth to preside over the city in its present form, and the 31st mayor since 1955.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Like most heads of government in the <a href="/wiki/Yeongnam" title="Yeongnam">Yeongnam</a> region, he is a member of the conservative <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Korea_Party" title="Liberty Korea Party">Liberty Korea Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> The legislative branch consists of the Gyeongju City Council, with 21 members as of 2009.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> The present City Council was formed from the merger of the old Gyeongju City Council with the Wolseong County Council in 1991. Most subdivisions of Gyeongju elect a single member to represent them in the council, but <a href="/wiki/Angang-eup" title="Angang-eup">Angang-eup</a> is represented by two members because of its large population, and two of the representatives serve combined districts composed of two dong. Like the mayor, the council members were last elected in 2006, except for a small number elected in more recent <a href="/wiki/By-election" title="By-election">by-elections</a>. The central administration is composed of a City Council committee, five departments, two subsidiary organs, a chamber (the auditor), and six business offices. The five departments are the departments of Planning and Culture, Autonomous Administration, Industry and Environment, Construction and Public Works, and the National Enterprise Committee; these oversee a total of 29 subdivisions. The two subsidiary organs are the Health Care Center and Agro-technology Center; these belong directly to the central administration and have a total of 4 subdivisions. In addition, there are 23 local administrative subdivisions. Each of these subdivisions has a local office with a small administrative staff.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> As of December 2008, the city government employed 1,462 people.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subdivisions">Subdivisions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Subdivisions">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Gyeongju" title="Subdivisions of Gyeongju">Subdivisions of Gyeongju</a></div> The city is divided into 23 administrative districts: 4 <a href="/wiki/Eup_(administrative_division)" title="Eup (administrative division)">eup</a>, 8 <a href="/wiki/Myeon_(administrative_division)" title="Myeon (administrative division)">myeon</a>, and 11 <a href="/wiki/Dong_(administrative_division)" title="Dong (administrative division)">dong</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Status_quo-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> These are the standard <a href="/wiki/Administrative_subdivisions_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative subdivisions of South Korea">subdivisions of cities and counties in South Korea</a>. The dong or neighborhood units occupy the area of the city center, which was formerly occupied by Gyeongju-eup. Eup are typically substantial villages, whereas myeon are more rural.<a href="#cite_note-2008_Tonggye_2-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> The city's boundaries and designation changed several times in the 20th century. From 1895 to 1955, the area was known as Gyeongju-gun ("Gyeongju County"). In the first decades of the century, the city center was known as Gyeongju-myeon, signifying a relatively rural rea. In 1931, the downtown area was designated Gyeongju-eup, in recognition of its increasingly urban nature. In 1955, Gyeongju-eup became Gyeongju-si ("Gyeongju City"), the same name as today, but with a much smaller area. The remainder of Gyeongju-gun became "Wolseong County." The county and city were reunited in 1995, creating Gyeongju City as it is today.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_History-25">[25]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="width:80%; margin:1em auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10">Map of Gyeongju </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" style="padding: 2em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea-Gyeongju-Subdivisions-Map-02.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Map of the coastal district previously mentioned. Its center, covering about a sixth of the area, is divided into 11 subdivisions. The surrounding regions are divided into eight subdivisions in a different color. The rest, four subdivisions in a third color, are scattered to the northeast, west, southeast and east respectively." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Korea-Gyeongju-Subdivisions-Map-02.png/300px-Korea-Gyeongju-Subdivisions-Map-02.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Korea-Gyeongju-Subdivisions-Map-02.png/450px-Korea-Gyeongju-Subdivisions-Map-02.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Korea-Gyeongju-Subdivisions-Map-02.png/600px-Korea-Gyeongju-Subdivisions-Map-02.png 2x" data-file-width="1146" data-file-height="1074" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <th># </th> <th>Place </th> <th>Population (2007)<a href="#cite_note-2008_Tonggye_2-62">[62]</a> </th> <th>Households </th> <th>Area (km2) </th> <th># </th> <th>Place </th> <th>Population </th> <th>Households </th> <th>Area (km2) </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #CF9; text-align: center;">1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sannae-myeon,_Gyeongju" title="Sannae-myeon, Gyeongju">Sannae-myeon</a> </td> <td>3,561 </td> <td>1,779 </td> <td>142.6 </td> <td style="background: #FF9; text-align: center;">13 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seondo-dong" title="Seondo-dong">Seondo-dong</a> </td> <td>13,813 </td> <td>2,831 </td> <td>28.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #CF9; text-align: center;">2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seo-myeon,_Gyeongju" title="Seo-myeon, Gyeongju">Seo-myeon</a> </td> <td>4,773 </td> <td>1,779 </td> <td>52.1 </td> <td style="background: #FF9; text-align: center;">14 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seonggeon-dong" title="Seonggeon-dong">Seonggeon-dong</a> </td> <td>18,378 </td> <td>7,562 </td> <td>6.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #CF9; text-align: center;">3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hyeongok-myeon" title="Hyeongok-myeon">Hyeongok-myeon</a> </td> <td>16,829 </td> <td>5,726 </td> <td>55.7 </td> <td style="background: #FF9; text-align: center;">15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hwangseong-dong,_Gyeongju" title="Hwangseong-dong, Gyeongju">Hwangseong-dong</a> </td> <td>29,660 </td> <td>9,415 </td> <td>3.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #6FC; text-align: center;">4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Angang-eup" title="Angang-eup">Angang-eup</a> </td> <td>33,802 </td> <td>12,641 </td> <td>138.6 </td> <td style="background: #FF9; text-align: center;">16 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yonggang-dong,_Gyeongju" title="Yonggang-dong, Gyeongju">Yonggang-dong</a> </td> <td>15,959 </td> <td>5,244 </td> <td>5.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #CF9; text-align: center;">5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gangdong-myeon,_Gyeongju" title="Gangdong-myeon, Gyeongju">Gangdong-myeon</a> </td> <td>8,834 </td> <td>3,659 </td> <td>81.4 </td> <td style="background: #FF9; text-align: center;">17 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bodeok-dong" title="Bodeok-dong">Bodeok-dong</a> </td> <td>2,296 </td> <td>977 </td> <td>81.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #CF9; text-align: center;">6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cheonbuk-myeon,_Gyeongju" title="Cheonbuk-myeon, Gyeongju">Cheonbuk-myeon</a> </td> <td>6,185 </td> <td>2,328 </td> <td>58.2 </td> <td style="background: #FF9; text-align: center;">18 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulguk-dong" title="Bulguk-dong">Bulguk-dong</a> </td> <td>9,001 </td> <td>3,722 </td> <td>37.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #CF9; text-align: center;">7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Munmudaewang-myeon" title="Munmudaewang-myeon">Munmudaewang-myeon</a> </td> <td>4,535 </td> <td>2,026 </td> <td>120.1 </td> <td style="background: #FF9; text-align: center;">19 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hwangnam-dong" title="Hwangnam-dong">Hwangnam-dong</a>* </td> <td>8,885 </td> <td>3,875 </td> <td>20.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #6FC; text-align: center;">8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gampo-eup" title="Gampo-eup">Gampo-eup</a> </td> <td>7,099 </td> <td>3,084 </td> <td>44.9 </td> <td style="background: #FF9; text-align: center;">20 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jungbu-dong,_Gyeongju" title="Jungbu-dong, Gyeongju">Jungbu-dong</a> </td> <td>7,003 </td> <td>3,022 </td> <td>0.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #CF9; text-align: center;">9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yangnam-myeon" title="Yangnam-myeon">Yangnam-myeon</a> </td> <td>7,131 </td> <td>2,941 </td> <td>85.1 </td> <td style="background: #FF9; text-align: center;">21 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hwango-dong" title="Hwango-dong">Hwango-dong</a>* </td> <td>10,225 </td> <td>4283 </td> <td>1.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #6FC; text-align: center;">10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oedong-eup" class="mw-redirect" title="Oedong-eup">Oedong-eup</a> </td> <td>19,006 </td> <td>6,965 </td> <td>109.8 </td> <td style="background: #FF9; text-align: center;">22 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dongcheon-dong,_Gyeongju" title="Dongcheon-dong, Gyeongju">Dongcheon-dong</a> </td> <td>26,721 </td> <td>9,228 </td> <td>5.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #CF9; text-align: center;">11 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Naenam-myeon" title="Naenam-myeon">Naenam-myeon</a> </td> <td>6,142 </td> <td>2,526 </td> <td>122.1 </td> <td style="background: #FF9; text-align: center;">23 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wolseong-dong,_Gyeongju" title="Wolseong-dong, Gyeongju">Wolseong-dong</a> </td> <td>6,522 </td> <td>4,842 </td> <td>31.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #6FC; text-align: center;">12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Geoncheon-eup" class="mw-redirect" title="Geoncheon-eup">Geoncheon-eup</a> </td> <td>11,217 </td> <td>4,533 </td> <td>92.4 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin:1em auto; width:80%;" cellpadding="10"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:80%; margin:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background: #6FC;">Eup </td> <td style="background: #CF9;">Myeon </td> <td style="background: #FF9;">Dong </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td>*Figures based on resident registration figures made available by local government offices. For more detailed source information, see <a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Gyeongju" title="Subdivisions of Gyeongju">Subdivisions of Gyeongju</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> When the Silla kingdom reached the peak of its development, Gyeongju was estimated to have a million residents, four times the city's population in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-EncyKorea_Gyeongju_1-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Breen_82-32">[32]</a> In recent years, Gyeongju has followed the same trends that have affected the rest of South Korea. Like the country as a whole, Gyeongju has seen its population age and the size of families shrink. For instance, the mean household size is 2.8 people. Because this has fallen in recent years, there are more households in the city as of 2008 (105,009) than there were in 2003, even though the population has fallen.<a href="#cite_note-gyeongju2-86">[86]</a> Like most of South Korea's smaller cities, Gyeongju has seen a steady drop in population in recent years. From 2002 to 2008, the city lost 16,557 people.<a href="#cite_note-status_quo-87">[87]</a> This is primarily due to the migration of workers seeking employment in the major South Korean cities. In 2007, about 1,975 more people moved away from the city each year than moved in.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> During the same period, births exceeded deaths by roughly 450 per year, a significant number but not enough to offset the losses due to migration.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Gyeongju has a small but growing population of non-Koreans. In 2007, there were 4,671 foreigners living in Gyeongju. This number corresponds to 1.73% of the total population, more than double the figure from 2003. The growth was largely in immigrants from other Asian countries, many of whom are employed in the automotive parts industry. Countries of origin whose numbers have risen include the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, China, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>. The number of residents from Japan, the United States, and Canada fell significantly in the 2003–2007 period.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dialect">Dialect</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Dialect">edit</a>]</div> The city has a distinctive <a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">dialect</a> which it shares with northern portions of <a href="/wiki/Ulsan" title="Ulsan">Ulsan</a>. This dialect is similar to the general <a href="/wiki/Gyeongsang_dialect" title="Gyeongsang dialect">Gyeongsang dialect</a>, but retains distinctive features of its own. Some linguists have treated the distinctive characteristics of the Gyeongju dialect as vestiges of the <a href="/wiki/Silla_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Silla language">Silla language</a>. For instance, the contrast between the local dialect form "소내기" (sonaegi) and the standard "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EB%82%98%EA%B8%B0" class="extiw" title="wikt:소나기">소나기</a>" (sonagi, meaning "rainshower") has been seen as reflecting the ancient <a href="/wiki/Phoneme" title="Phoneme">phonemic</a> character of the Silla language.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture_and_people">Culture and people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Culture and people">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultural_properties">Cultural properties</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Cultural properties">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80%EC%B4%9D%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80%EC%B4%9D%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80.jpg/170px-%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80%EC%B4%9D%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80%EC%B4%9D%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80.jpg/255px-%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80%EC%B4%9D%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80%EC%B4%9D%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80.jpg/340px-%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80%EC%B4%9D%EA%B8%88%EA%B4%80.jpg 2x" data-file-width="582" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Crowns_of_Silla" title="Crowns of Silla">A gold crown</a> excavated from Gold Crown Tomb. National Treasures of South Korea No. 87.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Divine_Bell_of_King_Seongdeok.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Divine_Bell_of_King_Seongdeok.JPG/220px-Divine_Bell_of_King_Seongdeok.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Divine_Bell_of_King_Seongdeok.JPG/330px-Divine_Bell_of_King_Seongdeok.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Divine_Bell_of_King_Seongdeok.JPG 2x" data-file-width="427" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Divine <a href="/wiki/Bell_of_King_Seongdeok" title="Bell of King Seongdeok">Bell of King Seongdeok</a></figcaption></figure> Gyeongju is the main destination in South Korea for visitors interested in the cultural heritage of Silla and the architecture of Joseon. The city has 31 <a href="/wiki/National_Treasure_(South_Korea)" title="National Treasure (South Korea)">National Treasures</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_National_Museum" title="Gyeongju National Museum">Gyeongju National Museum</a> houses 16,333 artifacts.<a href="#cite_note-Brit_Edu-92">[92]</a> There are four broad categories of relics and historical sites: <a href="/wiki/Tumulus" title="Tumulus">tumuli</a> and their artifacts; Buddhist sites and objects; fortresses and palace sites; and ancient architecture. <a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Korea" title="Prehistoric Korea">Prehistoric</a> remains including <a href="/wiki/Mumun_pottery_period" title="Mumun pottery period">Mumun pottery</a> have been excavated in central Gyeongju, in the Moa-ri and Oya-ri villages of the <a href="/wiki/Cheonbuk-myeon,_Gyeongju" title="Cheonbuk-myeon, Gyeongju">Cheonbuk-myeon</a> district, and in the Jukdong-ri village of the <a href="/wiki/Oedong" title="Oedong">Oedong</a> district. <a href="/wiki/Dolmen" title="Dolmen">Dolmens</a> are found in several places, especially in <a href="/wiki/Gangdong-myeon,_Gyeongju" title="Gangdong-myeon, Gyeongju">Gangdong-myeon</a> and Moa-ri. <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a> relics found in Angye-ri village of Gangdong-myeon, Jukdong-ri and Ipsil-ri villages of Oedong-eup and graveyards in the Joyang-dong district represent the <a href="/wiki/Samhan" title="Samhan">Samhan</a> confederacy period of around the 1st century BC to the 3rd century AD.<a href="#cite_note-relics-93">[93]</a> There are 35 royal tombs and 155 tumuli in central Gyeongju, and 421 tumuli in the outskirts of the city.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> Silla burial mounds built after the period of the Three Kingdoms are found in central Gyeongju, including tumuli in the districts of Noseo-dong, Nodong-dong, Hwangnam-dong, Hwango-dong and Inwang-dong. Western Gyeongju has the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Muyeol_of_Silla" title="Muyeol of Silla">King Muyeol</a> in Seoak-dong, nearby tumuli in Chunghyo-dong and the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Kim_Yu-sin" title="Kim Yu-sin">Kim Yu-sin</a>. The tombs of <a href="/wiki/Queen_Seondeok_of_Silla" title="Queen Seondeok of Silla">Queen Seondeok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sinmun_of_Silla" title="Sinmun of Silla">King Sinmun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hyogong_of_Silla" title="Hyogong of Silla">King Hyogong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sinmu_of_Silla" title="Sinmu of Silla">King Sinmu</a> are at the base of <a href="/wiki/Namsan_(Gyeongju)" title="Namsan (Gyeongju)">Namsan</a> mountain while the tombs of <a href="/wiki/Heongang_of_Silla" title="Heongang of Silla">King Heongang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeonggang_of_Silla" title="Jeonggang of Silla">King Jeonggang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gyeongmyeong_of_Silla" title="Gyeongmyeong of Silla">King Gyeongmyeong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gyeongae_of_Silla" title="Gyeongae of Silla">King Gyeongae</a> are on the slopes of the mountain. In addition to the tombs, tumuli have been found surrounding Namsan mountain and in the western part of Geumgang mountain. Artifacts excavated from the tombs of <a href="/wiki/Geumgwanchong" title="Geumgwanchong">Geumgwanchong</a> (gold crown tomb), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seobongchong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seobongchong (page does not exist)">Seobongchong</a> (western phoenix tomb), <a href="/wiki/Cheonmachong" title="Cheonmachong">Cheonmachong</a> (heavenly horse tomb) and northern and southern parts of Tomb No. 98 are good examples of Silla culture.<a href="#cite_note-relics-93">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Gyeongju" title="Category:People from Gyeongju">Category:People from Gyeongju</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yi_hae-hyun_of_1504.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Yi Che-hyŏn (1287–1367), an early Korean Neo-Confucian scholar, whose bongwan was Gyeongju." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Yi_hae-hyun_of_1504.jpg/220px-Yi_hae-hyun_of_1504.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Yi_hae-hyun_of_1504.jpg/330px-Yi_hae-hyun_of_1504.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Yi_hae-hyun_of_1504.jpg 2x" data-file-width="379" data-file-height="565" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yi_Che-hy%C5%8Fn" title="Yi Che-hyŏn">Yi Che-hyŏn</a> (1287–1367)</figcaption></figure> Gyeongju has produced notable individuals throughout its history. As the capital of Silla, Gyeongju was a center of culture in its heyday.<a href="#cite_note-Breen_82-32">[32]</a> Notable Gyeongju residents in the Silla period included most of the kingdom's leading figures, not only rulers but scholars such as <a href="/wiki/Seol_Chong" title="Seol Chong">Seol Chong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ch%27oe_Ch%27i-w%C5%8Fn" class="mw-redirect" title="Ch'oe Ch'i-wŏn">Ch'oe Ch'i-wŏn</a>,<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> and generals like <a href="/wiki/Kim_Yu-sin" title="Kim Yu-sin">Kim Yu-sin</a>, the leader of the <a href="/wiki/Hwarang" title="Hwarang">Hwarang</a> warriors.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> The city continued to contribute to <a href="/wiki/Korean_philosophy" title="Korean philosophy">traditional Korean thought</a> in subsequent dynasties. Relatives of Ch'oe Ch'i-wŏn such as <a href="/wiki/Ch%27oe_%C5%8En-wi" title="Ch'oe Ŏn-wi">Ch'oe Ŏn-wi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ch%27oe_Hang_(Goryeo_civil_minister)" title="Ch'oe Hang (Goryeo civil minister)">Ch'oe Hang</a> played an important role in establishing the structures of early Goryeo.<a href="#cite_note-Kim,_Chang-hyun_p.1-6-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> In the Joseon period, Gyeongju joined the rest of Gyeongsang in becoming a hotbed of the conservative <a href="/wiki/Sarim" title="Sarim">Sarim</a> faction. Notable Gyeongju members of this faction included the 15th century intellectual <a href="/wiki/Yi_Eonjeok" title="Yi Eonjeok">Yi Eonjeok</a>. He has been enshrined in the <a href="/wiki/Oksan_Seowon,_Gyeongju" title="Oksan Seowon, Gyeongju">Oksan Seowon</a> since 1572.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-Angang-103">[103]</a> In modern times, the city produced writers such as <a href="/wiki/Kim_Dongni" title="Kim Dongni">Kim Dongni</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pak_Mok-wol" title="Pak Mok-wol">Pak Mok-wol</a>, both of whom did a great deal to popularize the region's culture,<a href="#cite_note-KBS_Kim_Dong-ni-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kim_&_Fulton-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Choe_Jun" title="Choe Jun">Choe Jun</a>, a wealthy businessman who established the <a href="/wiki/Yeungnam_University" title="Yeungnam University">Yeungnam University</a> Foundation.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> Some Korean family clans trace their origins to Gyeongju, often to the ruling elites of Silla. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_Kim_clan" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyeongju Kim clan">Gyeongju Kim clan</a> claims descent from the rulers of later Silla.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju_Park_clan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyeongju Park clan (page does not exist)">Gyeongju Park clan</a> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC_%EB%B0%95%EC%94%A8" class="extiw" title="ko:경주 박씨">ko</a>] and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju_Seok_clans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyeongju Seok clans (page does not exist)">Gyeongju Seok clans</a> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%94%EC%84%B1_%EC%84%9D%EC%94%A8" class="extiw" title="ko:월성 석씨">ko</a>] trace their ancestry to Silla's earlier ruling families. These three royal clans played a strong role in preserving the historical precincts of Gyeongju into modern times.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_Choi_clan" title="Gyeongju Choi clan">Gyeongju Choi</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju_Lee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyeongju Lee (page does not exist)">Gyeongju Lee clans</a> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC_%EC%9D%B4%EC%94%A8" class="extiw" title="ko:경주 이씨">ko</a>] also trace their ancestry to the Silla elites. Prominent members of the Gyeongju Lee clan include Goryeo period scholar <a href="/wiki/Yi_Che-hy%C5%8Fn" title="Yi Che-hyŏn">Yi Che-hyŏn</a>, and Joseon period scholars <a href="/wiki/Yi_Hwang" title="Yi Hwang">Yi Hwang</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yi_Hang-bok&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yi Hang-bok (page does not exist)">Yi Hang-bok</a>. A contemporary notable figure from the Gyeongju Lee clan is <a href="/wiki/Lee_Byung-chul" title="Lee Byung-chul">Lee Byung-chul</a>, the founder of <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung Group">Samsung Group</a>.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> However, not all Gyeongju clans date to the Silla period; for instance, the Gyeongju Bing clan was founded in the early Joseon period.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</a>]</div> The city remains an important centre of <a href="/wiki/Korean_Buddhism" title="Korean Buddhism">Korean Buddhism</a>. East of the downtown area lies <a href="/wiki/Bulguksa" title="Bulguksa">Bulguksa</a>, one of South Korea's largest Buddhist temples; nearby is <a href="/wiki/Seokguram" title="Seokguram">Seokguram</a>, a famed Buddhist shrine. Traditional prayer locations are found on mountains throughout Gyeongju. Such mountains include <a href="/wiki/Namsan_(Gyeongju)" title="Namsan (Gyeongju)">Namsan</a> near the city center,<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Danseok-san and Obong-san in the west, and the low peak of Hyeong-san on the Gyeongju-Pohang border.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> Namsan in particular is often referred to as "the sacred mountain" due to the Buddhist shrines and statues which cover its slopes.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> In addition, Gyeongju is the birthplace of <a href="/wiki/Cheondoism" title="Cheondoism">Cheondoism</a>, an indigenous religion to Korea based on <a href="/wiki/Korean_shamanism" title="Korean shamanism">Korean shamanism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a> and Korean Buddhism, with elements drawn from <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>. The religion evolved from <a href="/wiki/Donghak" title="Donghak">Donghak</a> (lit. East learning) disciplines established by <a href="/wiki/Choe_Je-u" title="Choe Je-u">Choe Je-u</a>. His birthplace of <a href="/wiki/Yongdamjeong" title="Yongdamjeong">Yongdamjeong</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Hyeongok-myeon" title="Hyeongok-myeon">Hyeongok-myeon</a>, is regarded as a sacred place to followers of Cheondogyo.<a href="#cite_note-Angang-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Cuisine">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Korean_cuisine" title="Korean cuisine">Korean cuisine</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korean.cuisine-Gyeongju.bread-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="24 buns in golden brown are put in a white rectangular box. The buns are arranged like an abacus." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Korean.cuisine-Gyeongju.bread-01.jpg/220px-Korean.cuisine-Gyeongju.bread-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Korean.cuisine-Gyeongju.bread-01.jpg/330px-Korean.cuisine-Gyeongju.bread-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Korean.cuisine-Gyeongju.bread-01.jpg/440px-Korean.cuisine-Gyeongju.bread-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_bread" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyeongju bread">Gyeongju bread</a>, a local speciality</figcaption></figure> The cuisine of Gyeongju is generally similar to other areas of <a href="/wiki/Gyeongsang_Province" title="Gyeongsang Province">Gyeongsang Province</a>: spicy and salty.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-KTO_Local_foods-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-Daegu_Bank-119">[119]</a> However, it has distinctive tastes according to region and several local specialties known nationwide.<a href="#cite_note-Daegu_Bank-119">[119]</a> The most famous of these is "<a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_bread" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyeongju bread">Gyeongju bread</a>" or "Hwangnam bread", a red-bean pastry first baked in 1939 and now sold throughout the country.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chalboribbang" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalboribbang">Chalboribbang</a>, made with locally produced <a href="/wiki/Glutinous_barley" class="mw-redirect" title="Glutinous barley">glutinous barley</a>, is also a pastry with a filling of <a href="/wiki/Red_bean_paste" title="Red bean paste">red bean paste</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-idaegu_2007-123">[123]</a> Local specialties with a somewhat longer pedigree include <a href="/wiki/Beopju" title="Beopju">beopju</a>, a traditional Korean liquor produced by the Gyeongju Choe in <a href="/wiki/Gyo-dong,_Gyeongju" title="Gyo-dong, Gyeongju">Gyo-dong</a>. The brewing skill and distill master were designated as <a href="/wiki/Important_Intangible_Cultural_Properties_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Important Intangible Cultural Properties of Korea">Important Intangible Cultural Properties</a> by South Korea government.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korean_food-Bibim_ssambap_and_various_banchan-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="An array of about 10 small side dishes, a bean curd stew, and leaf vegetables on a table." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Korean_food-Bibim_ssambap_and_various_banchan-01.jpg/220px-Korean_food-Bibim_ssambap_and_various_banchan-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Korean_food-Bibim_ssambap_and_various_banchan-01.jpg/330px-Korean_food-Bibim_ssambap_and_various_banchan-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Korean_food-Bibim_ssambap_and_various_banchan-01.jpg/440px-Korean_food-Bibim_ssambap_and_various_banchan-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1067" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ssambap" class="mw-redirect" title="Ssambap">Ssambap</a>, a rice dish served with vegetable leaves, various small side dishes and condiments</figcaption></figure> Other local specialities include <a href="/wiki/Ssambap" class="mw-redirect" title="Ssambap">ssambap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haejangguk" class="mw-redirect" title="Haejangguk">haejangguk</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Muk_(food)" title="Muk (food)">muk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Ssambap refers to a rice dish served with vegetable leaves, various <a href="/wiki/Banchan" title="Banchan">banchan</a> (small side dishes) and condiments such as <a href="/wiki/Gochujang" title="Gochujang">gochujang</a> (chili pepper paste) or <a href="/wiki/Ssamjang" title="Ssamjang">ssamjang</a> (a mixture of <a href="/wiki/Doenjang" title="Doenjang">soybean paste</a> and gochujang) to wrap them together. Most ssambap restaurants in Gyeongju are gathered in the area of Daenuengwon or Grand Tumuli Park.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> Haejangguk is a kind of <a href="/wiki/Guk" title="Guk">soup</a> eaten as a <a href="/wiki/Hangover" title="Hangover">hangover</a> cure, and means "soup to chase a hangover".<a href="#cite_note-Dong-a-129">[129]</a> A street dedicated to haejangguk is located near <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_National_Museum" title="Gyeongju National Museum">Gyeongju National Museum</a>, where 20 haejangguk restaurants are gathered to serve the Gyeongju-style haejangguk. The soup is made by boiling <a href="/wiki/Kongnamul" class="mw-redirect" title="Kongnamul">soybean sprout</a>, sliced <a href="/wiki/Memilmuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Memilmuk">memilmuk</a> (buckwheat starch jelly), sour <a href="/wiki/Kimchi" title="Kimchi">kimchi</a> (pickled vegetables) and <a href="/wiki/Gulfweed" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulfweed">gulfweed</a> in a clear broth of dried anchovy and <a href="/wiki/Alaska_pollack" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska pollack">Alaska pollack</a>.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> The east district of Gyeongju, <a href="/wiki/Gampo-eup" title="Gampo-eup">Gampo-eup</a> town, is adjacent to the sea, so fresh seafood and <a href="/wiki/Jeotgal" title="Jeotgal">jeotgal</a> (fermented salted seafood) are abundant. There are over 240 seafood restaurants in Gampo Harbor offering various dishes made with seafood caught in the sea, such as <a href="/wiki/Hoe_(dish)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoe (dish)">hoe</a> (raw fish dishes), jeonboktang (an abalone soup), grilled seafood and others.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Sports">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea-2008_Gyeongju_Citizens%27_Athletics_Festival-Track_and_field-02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="People cheering their teams with colorful flags for track and field games in a stadium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Korea-2008_Gyeongju_Citizens%27_Athletics_Festival-Track_and_field-02.jpg/220px-Korea-2008_Gyeongju_Citizens%27_Athletics_Festival-Track_and_field-02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Korea-2008_Gyeongju_Citizens%27_Athletics_Festival-Track_and_field-02.jpg/330px-Korea-2008_Gyeongju_Citizens%27_Athletics_Festival-Track_and_field-02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Korea-2008_Gyeongju_Citizens%27_Athletics_Festival-Track_and_field-02.jpg/440px-Korea-2008_Gyeongju_Citizens%27_Athletics_Festival-Track_and_field-02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>2008 Gyeongju Citizens' Athletics Festival held at Gyeongju Public Stadium</figcaption></figure> As of 2007, Gyeongju had two stadiums, two gymnasiums, two tennis courts, one swimming pool and others as public sport facilities as well as various registered private sports venues.<a href="#cite_note-Sports_facilities-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-문화_Culture-135">[135]</a> Many of public sport facilities are located in <a href="/wiki/Hwangseong_Park" title="Hwangseong Park">Hwangseong Park</a> with an area of 1,022,350 m2 (11,004,500 sq ft) including a luxuriant pine trees forest.<a href="#cite_note-tour.go.kr-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> The site was originally the location of the artificial forest of Doksan which was established for <a href="/wiki/Feng_shui" title="Feng shui">feng shui</a> purposes during the <a href="/wiki/Silla" title="Silla">Silla</a> period. It was also used as a training ground for <a href="/wiki/Hwarang" title="Hwarang">hwarang</a> warriors and hunting spot for Silla kings, and was reported to be <a href="/wiki/Jinpyeong_of_Silla" title="Jinpyeong of Silla">King Jinpyeong</a>'s favorite location.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> In 1975, Hwangseong Park was designated a "city neighborhood park" and it currently consists of the multi-purpose Gyeongju Public Stadium, Football Park (with seven football fields and one futsal field), and one <a href="/wiki/Gym" title="Gym">gymnasium</a>, as well as Horimjang field for <a href="/wiki/Gukgung" class="mw-redirect" title="Gukgung">gukgung</a> or Korean traditional <a href="/wiki/Archery" title="Archery">archery</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Ssireum" title="Ssireum">ssireum</a> wrestling ring.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> In addition, it contains a gateball field, an inline skating rink, jogging courses, and cycling roads.<a href="#cite_note-Doosan-141">[141]</a> The Gyeongju Public Stadium was completed in 1982<a href="#cite_note-Sports_facilities-134">[134]</a> and can accommodate 20,000 people at capacity.<a href="#cite_note-tour.go.kr-136">[136]</a> Angang Field Hockey Stadium, located in the district of <a href="/wiki/Angang-eup" title="Angang-eup">Angang-eup</a>, is home to Gyeongju City Hockey, which is one of four professional women's <a href="/wiki/Field_hockey" title="Field hockey">field hockey</a> teams in South Korea.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-Allstar-143">[143]</a> The team was formed in 1994,<a href="#cite_note-Pohang_KBS-144">[144]</a> and is governed by the Sport and Youth Division of Gyeongju City.<a href="#cite_note-shock-145">[145]</a> Although not an initial successful team, Gyeongju City Hockey won the first trophies both at National Division Hockey Championships and National Sports Festival in 2000. In 2002, Gyeongju City Hockey took a first prize and three second prizes,<a href="#cite_note-Pohang_KBS-144">[144]</a> and in 2008, the team won the first prize at the 51st National Division Hockey Championships.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> The city plays host to two annual <a href="/wiki/Marathon" title="Marathon">marathon</a> events. The <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_International_Marathon" title="Gyeongju International Marathon">Gyeongju International Marathon</a>, held in October, garners elite level competition while the larger Gyeongju Cherry Blossom Marathon caters more for amateur <a href="/wiki/Fun_run" title="Fun run">fun runners</a>. The Cherry Blossom Marathon has been held each year in Gyeongju since 1992, usually in April, to improve relations with <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> (a country with a long history of marathon running).<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> The race, mainly sponsored by Gyeongju and the district, attracted 13,600 participants in 2009 including about 1,600 foreigners.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Korea" title="Economy of South Korea">Economy of South Korea</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea-Gyeongju-Gampo.port-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Two boats anchor in a harbor on the right. Blue skies and the sea are clear and tranquil." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Korea-Gyeongju-Gampo.port-01.jpg/220px-Korea-Gyeongju-Gampo.port-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Korea-Gyeongju-Gampo.port-01.jpg/330px-Korea-Gyeongju-Gampo.port-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Korea-Gyeongju-Gampo.port-01.jpg/440px-Korea-Gyeongju-Gampo.port-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2496" data-file-height="1664" /></a><figcaption>Gampo Port</figcaption></figure> The economy of Gyeongju is diverse.<a href="#cite_note-Industry-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-Brit_Transport-23">[23]</a> Although tourism is important to the economy, most residents work in other fields. Over 27,000 are employed in manufacturing compared to roughly 13,500 in the hospitality industry. The number involved in tourism has remained constant over recent years, while the manufacturing sector added about 6,000 jobs from 1999 to 2003.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> The manufacturing sector is closely tied to nearby cities, utilizing Gyeongju's transit links with <a href="/wiki/Ulsan" title="Ulsan">Ulsan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pohang" title="Pohang">Pohang</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Daegu" title="Daegu">Daegu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Industry-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tamásy-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> As in Ulsan and Daegu the automotive parts industry plays an important role.<a href="#cite_note-Lee,_Sungkyun-50">[50]</a> Of the 1,221 businesses incorporated in Gyeongju almost a third are involved in auto-parts manufacture.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> Fishing takes place in coastal towns, especially in <a href="/wiki/Gampo-eup" title="Gampo-eup">Gampo-eup</a> in the city's northeast, with 436 registered fishing craft in the city.<a href="#cite_note-gyeongju1-63">[63]</a> Fishing industry in Gyeongju is generally in a declined status due to relatively inconvenient transport conditions and lacks of subordinate facilities.<a href="#cite_note-Brit_Transport-23">[23]</a> Much of the catch from these boats goes direct from the harbor to Gyeongju's many seafood restaurants. Mainly, <a href="/wiki/Sauries" class="mw-redirect" title="Sauries">sauries</a>, anchovies, <a href="/wiki/Batoidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Batoidea">rays</a> are harvested and a small number of <a href="/wiki/Abalone" title="Abalone">abalone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wakame" title="Wakame">wakame</a> farming takes place. Local specialties include <a href="/wiki/Myeolchijeot" class="mw-redirect" title="Myeolchijeot">myeolchijeot</a> (fermented anchovy), abalone, wakame, and squid.<a href="#cite_note-Eup_Myeon-152">[152]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Yellow paddy fields and green hills during autumn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg/220px-Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg/330px-Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg/440px-Korea-Gyeongju-Rice_paddy_field-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Paddy fields in Gyeongju</figcaption></figure> Agriculture is still important, particularly in the outlying regions of Gyeongju. According to the 2006 statistical yearbook of Gyeongju, rice fields occupy an area of 169.57 km2 (65.47 sq mi), which is 70% of the total cultivated acreage of 24,359 km2 (9,405 sq mi). The remaining 74.02 km2 (28.58 sq mi) consists of fields under other crops and farmsteads. Crop production is centered in the fertile river basins near the <a href="/wiki/Hyeongsan_River" title="Hyeongsan River">Hyeongsan River</a>. The main crops are rice, barley, beans and corn. Vegetables such as <a href="/wiki/Radish" title="Radish">radish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Napa_cabbage" title="Napa cabbage">napa cabbage</a> and fruits are also important crops. Apples are mainly produced in the districts of <a href="/wiki/Geoncheon-eup" class="mw-redirect" title="Geoncheon-eup">Geoncheon-eup</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gangdong-myeon,_Gyeongju" title="Gangdong-myeon, Gyeongju">Gangdong-myeon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cheonbuk-myeon,_Gyeongju" title="Cheonbuk-myeon, Gyeongju">Cheonbuk-myeon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Korean_pear" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean pear">Korean pear</a> are cultivated in Geoncheon-eup and <a href="/wiki/Angang-eup" title="Angang-eup">Angang-eup</a>. The city plays a leading role in the domestic production of <a href="/wiki/Beef" title="Beef">beef</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mushroom" title="Mushroom">mushrooms</a>. <a href="/wiki/Button_mushroom" class="mw-redirect" title="Button mushroom">Button mushrooms</a> harvested in Geoncheon-eup are canned and exported.<a href="#cite_note-Industry-22">[22]</a> The cultivated acreage and the number of households engaging in agriculture is however declining.<a href="#cite_note-Brit_Transport-23">[23]</a> A small amount of <a href="/wiki/Quarry" title="Quarry">quarrying</a> activity takes place in the city, with 46 active mines and quarries in Gyeongju. Most are engaged in the extraction of <a href="/wiki/Kaolin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaolin">kaolin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fluorspar" class="mw-redirect" title="Fluorspar">fluorspar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Agalmatolite" class="mw-redirect" title="Agalmatolite">Agalmatolite</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> and Kaolin is exported.<a href="#cite_note-Doosan_Industry-154">[154]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea-Gyeongju-Seongdong_Market-Fruit_shop-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A female customer browsing a fruit shop. Banana and grapes are displayed on the front." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Korea-Gyeongju-Seongdong_Market-Fruit_shop-01.jpg/220px-Korea-Gyeongju-Seongdong_Market-Fruit_shop-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Korea-Gyeongju-Seongdong_Market-Fruit_shop-01.jpg/330px-Korea-Gyeongju-Seongdong_Market-Fruit_shop-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Korea-Gyeongju-Seongdong_Market-Fruit_shop-01.jpg/440px-Korea-Gyeongju-Seongdong_Market-Fruit_shop-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="681" /></a><figcaption>A fruit shop at <a href="/wiki/Seongdong_Market" title="Seongdong Market">Seongdong Market</a></figcaption></figure> As the capital of Silla, commerce and trading in Gyeongju developed early on. <a href="/wiki/Samguk_sagi" title="Samguk sagi">Samguk sagi</a> has records on the establishment of Gyeongdosi (capital area market) in March, 490 during <a href="/wiki/Soji_of_Silla" title="Soji of Silla">King Soji</a>'s reign, and Dongsi (East Market) in 509, during <a href="/wiki/Jijeung_of_Silla" title="Jijeung of Silla">King Jijeung</a>'s reign. In the 1830s, Gyeongju had five five-day markets which remained very active until the late 1920s. Due to its size Gyeongju Bunaejang (Gyeongju village market) was referred to as one of the two leading markets in the <a href="/wiki/Yeongnam" title="Yeongnam">Yeongnam</a> area, along with <a href="/wiki/Daegu" title="Daegu">Daegu</a> Bunaejang. Transportation developed in the late period of the <a href="/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule" title="Korea under Japanese rule">Japanese occupation</a>, as the <a href="/wiki/Jungang_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Jungang Line">Jungang Line</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Daegu_Line" title="Daegu Line">Daegu Line</a> and the connecting route between <a href="/wiki/Pohang" title="Pohang">Pohang</a> and the northwestern part of Japan were set up, leading to increasing population and developing commerce. After the 1960s, traditional periodic markets gradually transformed into regular markets as the city was flourishing. In periodic markets, agricultural and marine products, industrial products, living necessaries, wild edible greens, herbs, and cattle are mainly traded. As of 2006, Gyeongju had eight regular markets, nine periodic markets and the Gyeongju department store. Traditional periodic markets declined and have become token affairs these days.<a href="#cite_note-Industry-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-Brit_Transport-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Tourism">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Gyeongju" title="Tourism in Gyeongju">Tourism in Gyeongju</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulguksa_Dabotap.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A stone pagoda with elaborated tiers, a small lion status, and stairs. Blue skies and a roof of a building and trees are shown on the background" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Bulguksa_Dabotap.JPG/170px-Bulguksa_Dabotap.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Bulguksa_Dabotap.JPG/255px-Bulguksa_Dabotap.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Bulguksa_Dabotap.JPG/340px-Bulguksa_Dabotap.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1936" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Dabotap" title="Dabotap">Dabotap</a> pagoda at <a href="/wiki/Bulguksa" title="Bulguksa">Bulguksa</a> temple</figcaption></figure> Gyeongju is a major <a href="/wiki/Tourist" class="mw-redirect" title="Tourist">tourist</a> destination for South Koreans as well as foreign visitors. It boasts the 1000 years of Silla heritage with vast number of ancient ruins and archaeological sites found throughout the city,<a href="#cite_note-Robinson_et_al._2007._p.28-29">[29]</a> which help to attract 6 million visiting tourists including 750,000 foreigners per year.<a href="#cite_note-Brisbane-6">[6]</a> The city government has parlayed its historic status into a basis for other tourism-related developments such as conferences, festivals, and resorts.<a href="#cite_note-Tourism-155">[155]</a> Many Silla sites are located in <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_National_Park" title="Gyeongju National Park">Gyeongju National Park</a> such as the Royal Tomb Complex, the <a href="/wiki/Cheomseongdae" title="Cheomseongdae">Cheomseongdae</a> observatory that is one of the oldest surviving <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_observatories" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomical observatories">astronomical observatories</a> in <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Anapji" class="mw-redirect" title="Anapji">Anapji</a> royal pond garden,<a href="#cite_note-Tourism-155">[155]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Gyerim" title="Gyerim">Gyerim</a> forest.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_National_Museum" title="Gyeongju National Museum">Gyeongju National Museum</a> hosts many important artifacts and national treasures that have been excavated from sites within the city and surrounding areas.<a href="#cite_note-Tourism-155">[155]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Asl13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A huge three-story pagoda stands against blue skies. The pagoda is made with bricks of dark gray stone. Colorful lanterns are lined up." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Asl13.jpg/220px-Asl13.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Asl13.jpg/330px-Asl13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Asl13.jpg/440px-Asl13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bunhwangsa" title="Bunhwangsa">Bunhwangsa</a> pagoda, <a href="/wiki/National_Treasures_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="National Treasures of South Korea">National Treasure of Korea</a> No. 30</figcaption></figure> Much of Gyeongju's heritage are related to the Silla kingdom's patronage of <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>. The grotto of <a href="/wiki/Seokguram" title="Seokguram">Seokguram</a> and the temple of <a href="/wiki/Bulguksa" title="Bulguksa">Bulguksa</a> were the first Korean sites to be included on the UNESCO <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_List" class="mw-redirect" title="World Heritage List">World Heritage List</a> in 1995.<a href="#cite_note-Tourism-155">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> In addition, the ruins of the old <a href="/wiki/Hwangnyongsa" title="Hwangnyongsa">Hwangnyongsa</a> temple, said to have been Korean's largest, are preserved on the slopes of <a href="/wiki/Tohamsan" title="Tohamsan">Tohamsan</a>. Various Silla-era stone carvings of Buddhas and <a href="/wiki/Bodhisattva" title="Bodhisattva">Bodhisattvas</a> are found on mountainsides throughout the city, particularly on <a href="/wiki/Namsan_(Gyeongju)" title="Namsan (Gyeongju)">Namsan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Tourism-155">[155]</a> A significant portion of Gyeongju's tourist traffic is due to the city's promotion of itself as a site for various festivals, conferences, and competitions. Every year since 1962, the Silla cultural festival has been held in October to celebrate and honour the dynasty's history and culture. It is one of the major festivals of Korea.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> It features athletic events, folk games, music, dance, literary contests and Buddhist religious ceremonies. Other festivals include the Cherry Blossom Marathon in April,<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> the Korean Traditional Liquor and Cake festival in March,<a href="#cite_note-Travel_Blackboard-16">[16]</a> and memorial ceremonies for the founders of the Silla Dynasty and General <a href="/wiki/Kim_Yu-sin" title="Kim Yu-sin">Kim Yu-sin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-문화_Culture-135">[135]</a> There were 15 hotels including <a href="/wiki/Hilton_Hotel" class="mw-redirect" title="Hilton Hotel">Hilton Hotel</a>, Gyeongju Chosun Hotel, and 276 lodging facilities, and 2,817 restaurants in Gyeongju in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-Brit_Transport-23">[23]</a> Gyeongju's emerging tourist attraction is the shopping street <a href="/wiki/Hwangnidan-gil" title="Hwangnidan-gil">Hwangnidan-gil</a>. The address of Hwangnidan-gil is 1080, Poseok-ro, Gyeongju, North Gyeongsang Province.<a href="#cite_note-:0-163">[163]</a> There are about 400 stores,<a href="#cite_note-:1-164">[164]</a> including restaurants, cafes, bookstores, and gift shops. Hwangnidan-gil became popular through social networking sites, and neighboring Gyeongju's historical site is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The advantage of the Hwangnidan-gil is the result of voluntary efforts by merchants without help from local governments.<a href="#cite_note-:0-163">[163]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_tourist_attractions">List of tourist attractions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: List of tourist attractions">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulguksa" title="Bulguksa">Bulguksa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seokguram" title="Seokguram">Seokguram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangdong_Folk_Village" title="Yangdong Folk Village">Yangdong Folk Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donggung_Palace_and_Wolji_Pond" title="Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond">Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oreung" title="Oreung">Oreung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daereungwon" title="Daereungwon">Daereungwon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hwangnidan-gil" title="Hwangnidan-gil">Hwangnidan-gil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woljeonggyo" title="Woljeonggyo">Woljeonggyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyochon_Traditional_Village" title="Gyochon Traditional Village">Gyochon Traditional Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namsan_(Gyeongju)" title="Namsan (Gyeongju)">Namsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyeongjueupseong" title="Gyeongjueupseong">Gyeongjueupseong</a><a href="#cite_note-:02-165">[165]</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju_East_Palace_Garden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyeongju East Palace Garden (page does not exist)">Gyeongju East Palace Garden</a> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EB%8F%99%EA%B6%81%EC%9B%90" class="extiw" title="ko:경주동궁원">ko</a>] (Donggungwon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_World" title="Gyeongju World">Gyeongju World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tohamsan" title="Tohamsan">Tohamsan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea-Gyeongju_Sinmun-Building.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="In front of a beige nine-story building, three cars parked" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Korea-Gyeongju_Sinmun-Building.JPG/170px-Korea-Gyeongju_Sinmun-Building.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Korea-Gyeongju_Sinmun-Building.JPG/255px-Korea-Gyeongju_Sinmun-Building.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Korea-Gyeongju_Sinmun-Building.JPG/340px-Korea-Gyeongju_Sinmun-Building.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_Sinmun" title="Gyeongju Sinmun">Gyeongju Sinmun</a>, a local newspaper company is housed in this building.</figcaption></figure> Gyeongju has two main local newspapers; the <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_Sinmun" title="Gyeongju Sinmun">Gyeongju Sinmun</a> and the Seorabeol Sinmun.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> Both are weekly newspapers providing news via online as well and their headquarters are located in the neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Dongcheon-dong,_Gyeongju" title="Dongcheon-dong, Gyeongju">Dongcheon-dong</a>.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> The Gyeongju Sinmun was founded in 1989 and provides various news and critics on anything concerning Gyeongju.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> Its online newspaper, Digital Gyeongju Sinmun opened in December, 2000 to provide live local news out of the limit as a weekly newspaper and to establish mutual information exchanges from Gyeongju locals. In 2001, Gyeongju Sinmun started to present Gyeongju Citizen Awards to people who try to develop the local industry and economy, culture and education, and welfare service. Since 2003, the <a href="/wiki/Wolseong_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Wolseong Nuclear Power Plant">Wolseong Nuclear Power Plant</a> headquarter co-hosts the awards with Gyeongju Sinmun.<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> The Seorabeol Sinmun was established in 1993,<a href="#cite_note-gynews-171">[171]</a> however, from November 15, 2000, to November 10, 2005, its publication was stopped for financial difficulties after the 1997 Asian economic crisis had left a strong impact on the nationwide economy.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> Since 2006, Seorabeol Sinmun presents Serabeol Awards to people having devouring to develop Gyeongju.<a href="#cite_note-gynews-171">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> Several major feature films have been filmed in the city, including <a href="/wiki/Kick_the_Moon" title="Kick the Moon">Kick the Moon</a>,<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> <a href="/wiki/On_the_Occasion_of_Remembering_the_Turning_Gate" title="On the Occasion of Remembering the Turning Gate">On the Occasion of Remembering the Turning Gate</a>,<a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> <a href="/wiki/Taegukgi_(film)" title="Taegukgi (film)">Taegukgi</a>,<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chwihwaseon" class="mw-redirect" title="Chwihwaseon">Chwihwaseon</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> and others. In 2009, the filming of the <a href="/wiki/Queen_Seondeok_(TV_series)" title="Queen Seondeok (TV series)">Queen Seondeok</a>, a popular <a href="/wiki/Munhwa_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation">MBC</a> TV series took place in a studio at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Silla_Millennium_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silla Millennium Park (page does not exist)">Silla Millennium Park</a> located in <a href="/wiki/Bomun_Lake_Resort" title="Bomun Lake Resort">Bomun Lake Resort</a>.<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_South_Korea" title="Education in South Korea">Education in South Korea</a></div> Gyeongju is strongly associated with the education tradition of <a href="/wiki/Hwarangdo" class="mw-redirect" title="Hwarangdo">Hwarangdo</a> ("Way of the Flower of Young Men") which was established and flourished during the Silla period. It is a military and philosophical code that offered the basis of training to <a href="/wiki/Hwarang" title="Hwarang">Hwarang</a>, a military cadet of youths from the aristocratic class. The training equally emphasized practicing academic and martial arts based on Buddhism and patriotism. A number of Silla's greatest generals and military leaders such as <a href="/wiki/Kim_Yu-sin" title="Kim Yu-sin">Kim Yu-sin</a> were Hwarang who played a central role in Silla unification of the Korean peninsula. As Silla was integrated into the next ruling dynasty, <a href="/wiki/Goryeo" title="Goryeo">Goryeo</a>, the system declined and was officially disbanded in the <a href="/wiki/Joseon" title="Joseon">Joseon</a> period. However, the spirit and discipline were revived in the second half of the 20th century as a form of Korean martial arts with the same name.<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a><a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea-Gyeongju_Hyanggyo-04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="On a sunny day, a Korean traditional wooden building painted with white and dark red stands on a grass field. Luxuriant trees are seen on the right while a gate is shown at a distance." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Korea-Gyeongju_Hyanggyo-04.jpg/220px-Korea-Gyeongju_Hyanggyo-04.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Korea-Gyeongju_Hyanggyo-04.jpg/330px-Korea-Gyeongju_Hyanggyo-04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Korea-Gyeongju_Hyanggyo-04.jpg/440px-Korea-Gyeongju_Hyanggyo-04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2283" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption>A building of the <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_Hyanggyo" title="Gyeongju Hyanggyo">Gyeongju Hyanggyo</a></figcaption></figure> Formal education has a longer history in Gyeongju than anywhere else in South Korea. The <a href="/wiki/Gukhak" title="Gukhak">Gukhak</a>, or national academy, was established here in 682, at the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Unified_Silla" title="Unified Silla">Unified Silla</a> period.<a href="#cite_note-Gyeongju_City-182">[182]</a> Its curriculum focused on the Confucian classics for local officials.<a href="#cite_note-Robinson_et_al._2007._p.28-29">[29]</a> After the fall of <a href="/wiki/Silla" title="Silla">Silla</a> in the 10th century, the <a href="/wiki/Gukhak" title="Gukhak">Gukhak</a> closed. However, due to Gyeongju's role as a provincial center under the <a href="/wiki/Goryeo" title="Goryeo">Goryeo</a> and early <a href="/wiki/Joseon_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseon Dynasty">Joseon</a> dynasties, the city was home to state-sponsored provincial schools (<a href="/wiki/Hyanggyo" title="Hyanggyo">hyanggyo</a>) under both dynasties such as <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_Hyanggyo" title="Gyeongju Hyanggyo">Gyeongju Hyanggyo</a>. During the later Joseon dynasty there were several <a href="/wiki/Seowon" title="Seowon">seowon</a>, or private Confucian academies, were set up in the city such as <a href="/wiki/Oksan_Seowon,_Gyeongju" title="Oksan Seowon, Gyeongju">Oksan Seowon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seoak_Seowon" title="Seoak Seowon">Seoak Seowon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Education-183">[183]</a> The education system of Gyeongju is the same as elsewhere in the country. Schooling begins with <a href="/wiki/Preschool" title="Preschool">preschools</a>; there are 65 in the city. This is followed by six years in <a href="/wiki/Elementary_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementary school">elementary schools</a>; Gyeongju has 46. Subsequently, students pass through three years of <a href="/wiki/Middle_school" title="Middle school">middle school</a>. There are 19 middle schools in Gyeongju. High school education, which lasts for three years, is not <a href="/wiki/Compulsory_education" title="Compulsory education">compulsory</a>, but most students attend and graduate from high school. Gyeongju is home to 21 high schools,<a href="#cite_note-Education-183">[183]</a> of which 11 provide specialized technical training. At each of these levels, there is a mix of public and private institutions. All are overseen by the Gyeongju bureau of North Gyeongsang's Provincial Office of Education.<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> Gyeongju is home to a school for the <a href="/wiki/Mentally_disabled" class="mw-redirect" title="Mentally disabled">mentally disabled</a>, which provides education to students from preschool to adult age.<a href="#cite_note-Brit_Edu-92">[92]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dongguk_University_at_Night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A night scene of a building complex." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Dongguk_University_at_Night.jpg/220px-Dongguk_University_at_Night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Dongguk_University_at_Night.jpg/330px-Dongguk_University_at_Night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Dongguk_University_at_Night.jpg/440px-Dongguk_University_at_Night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="978" /></a><figcaption>Campus of <a href="/wiki/Dongguk_University" title="Dongguk University">Dongguk University</a> in Gyeongju at night</figcaption></figure> Gyeongju is home to four institutions of <a href="/wiki/Tertiary_education" title="Tertiary education">tertiary education</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Brit_Edu-92">[92]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sorabol_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sorabol College (page does not exist)">Sorabol College</a> is a technical college in the district of Chunghyo-dong that offers majors specializing in tourism, leisure, health care and cosmetic treatments.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> Each of Gyeongju's three universities reflects the city's unique role. <a href="/wiki/Dongguk_University" title="Dongguk University">Dongguk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uiduk_University" title="Uiduk University">Uiduk</a> universities are Buddhist institutions,<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a><a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> reflecting that religion's link to the city.<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyeongju University">Gyeongju University</a>, formerly Korea Tourism University, is strongly focused on tourism, reflecting its importance in the region.<a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Infrastructure">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Healthcare">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dongguk_University_Gyeongju_Hospital_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A large seven-story hospital complex on a slope that consists of about two buildings. The wall of one on the left is covered with blue glasses, and the other building with round corners is covered with beige bricks. Large green vertical signs are attached on the wall of the latter. The signs say "동국대학교 부속병원 한방병원". In front of the hospital, a black car coming down from the slope." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Dongguk_University_Gyeongju_Hospital_2.jpg/220px-Dongguk_University_Gyeongju_Hospital_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Dongguk_University_Gyeongju_Hospital_2.jpg/330px-Dongguk_University_Gyeongju_Hospital_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Dongguk_University_Gyeongju_Hospital_2.jpg/440px-Dongguk_University_Gyeongju_Hospital_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2884" data-file-height="1824" /></a><figcaption>Dongguk University Gyeongju Hospital</figcaption></figure> According to the 2008 yearbook of Gyeongju, the total number of medical institutions was 224 with 3,345 beds, including two general hospitals, thirteen hospitals, 109 clinics, five nursing homes, forty two dental hospitals, two <a href="/wiki/Korean_traditional_medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean traditional medicine">Korean traditional medicine</a> hospitals and 50 Korean traditional medicine clinics.<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> There are also twenty eight medical institutions related to Gyeongju Health Center affiliated to the Gyeongju City government.<a href="#cite_note-Brit_Edu-92">[92]</a> The two general hospitals are associated with two major universities in Gyeongju and nearby <a href="/wiki/Daegu" title="Daegu">Daegu</a>. One is the <a href="/wiki/Dongguk_University" title="Dongguk University">Dongguk University</a> Gyeongju Hospital, located in the district of Seokjang-dong, which is affiliated with Dongguk University Medical School and Center. The Gyeongju Hospital was opened in a seven-story building in 1991 to provide Gyeongju locals with a quality medical service and train medical specialists in the region.<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> After various renovations the hospital currently has 24 departments including a <a href="/wiki/Radiation" title="Radiation">radiation</a> <a href="/wiki/Oncology" title="Oncology">oncology</a> center and 438 beds.<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> It is also assigned as a teaching and learning hospital and in partnership with Dongguk University Oriental Hospital.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> The other general hospital is a branch of <a href="/wiki/Keimyung_University" title="Keimyung University">Keimyung University</a>, Dongsan Medical Hospital in Daegu. It is the successor of Gyeongju Christianity Hospital founded in 1962, and was reborn as the current general hospital in 1991. The Gyeongju Dongsan Hospital is located in the district of Seobu-dong and has 12 departments in a three-story building.<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utilities">Utilities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Utilities">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Korea-Gyeongju-Hyeongsan_River-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A vast and tranquil river in a clear day of fall. Apartment blocks and buildings under construction are seen at a distance." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Korea-Gyeongju-Hyeongsan_River-1.jpg/220px-Korea-Gyeongju-Hyeongsan_River-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Korea-Gyeongju-Hyeongsan_River-1.jpg/330px-Korea-Gyeongju-Hyeongsan_River-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Korea-Gyeongju-Hyeongsan_River-1.jpg/440px-Korea-Gyeongju-Hyeongsan_River-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>A view of <a href="/wiki/Hyeongsan_River" title="Hyeongsan River">Hyeongsan River</a> from Dong Bridge. The river is one of water sources of Gyeongju.</figcaption></figure> Water supply and sewage disposal are municipal services which are respectively handled by the Water Supply Office and Water Quality and Environment Office. Water comes from the <a href="/wiki/Hyeongsan_River" title="Hyeongsan River">Hyeongsan River</a>, the multi-purpose <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deokdong_Dam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deokdong Dam (page does not exist)">Deokdong Dam</a> and several streams. The city is divided into seven water districts, with eight filtration plants and seven sewage treatment plants.<a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> One of the sewage treatment plants, Angang Sewage Disposal Plant began operating in April 2005 by the co-investment of the governments of North Gyeongsang and Gyeongju with a fund of 44,300,000,000 <a href="/wiki/South_Korean_won" title="South Korean won">won</a> to install facilities to prevent the pollution of the <a href="/wiki/Hyeongsan_River" title="Hyeongsan River">Hyeongsan River</a>, which is a main water source for Gyeongju and <a href="/wiki/Pohang" title="Pohang">Pohang</a> residents. The plant is located on a spacious site with 39,000 m2 (420,000 sq ft) in Homyeong-ri, <a href="/wiki/Gangdong-myeon,_Gyeongju" title="Gangdong-myeon, Gyeongju">Gangdong-myeon</a> in Gyeongju where nature friendly facilities provide recreational venues for the locals. Through 56.1 km (34.9 mi) of sewer pipes and 14 <a href="/wiki/Pumping_station" title="Pumping station">pumping stations</a>, the plant has a capacity of 18,000 tonnes of <a href="/wiki/Domestic_sewage" class="mw-redirect" title="Domestic sewage">domestic sewage</a> per day that comes from <a href="/wiki/Angang-eup" title="Angang-eup">Angang-eup</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gangdong-myeon,_Gyeongju" title="Gangdong-myeon, Gyeongju">Gangdong-myeon</a>. The facilities have high-powered disposal equipment developed by related industrial companies to maintain the discharged water at the first or second degree in quality, so that it is used as <a href="/wiki/River_maintenance_flow" class="mw-redirect" title="River maintenance flow">river maintenance flow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_water" class="mw-redirect" title="Agricultural water">agricultural water</a> in case a <a href="/wiki/Drought" title="Drought">drought</a> occurs.<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> The city had managed its own recycling service, but privatized it since July 1, 2009.<a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> Other utilities are provided by private entities or South Korean government-owned companies. Seorabeol City Gas, an affiliate of <a href="/wiki/GS_Group" title="GS Group">GS Group</a>, provides gas to the Gyeongju residents,<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> while, electrical power is supplied by the public enterprises, <a href="/wiki/Korea_Hydro_%26_Nuclear_Power" title="Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power">Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power</a> via the <a href="/wiki/Wolseong_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Wolseong Nuclear Power Plant">Wolseong Nuclear Power Plant</a>. The plant is known for the only nuclear power plant operating <a href="/wiki/PHWR" class="mw-redirect" title="PHWR">PHWRs</a> (Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor) in South Korea<a href="#cite_note-Industry-22">[22]</a> and supplies about 5% of South Korea's electricity.<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a> The owner, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power<a href="#cite_note-Star-202">[202]</a> began to build the Wolseong 1 in the districts of <a href="/wiki/Yangnam-myeon" title="Yangnam-myeon">Yangnam-myeon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yangbuk-myeon" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangbuk-myeon">Yangbuk-myeon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gampo-eup" title="Gampo-eup">Gampo-eup</a> in 1976. Since 1983, the power plant has been providing commercial service<a href="#cite_note-Star-202">[202]</a> and operating with the PHWRs that has a capacity of 678,000 kW. As the construction of each Wolseong 2, 3 and 4 with a capacity of 70,000 kW were completed respectively in 1997, 1998 and 1999, Wolseong Nuclear Power plant site has been successfully operating the four PHWRs plants.<a href="#cite_note-Industry-22">[22]</a> New project, Sinwolseong No. 1 and No. 2 are currently under construction which is estimated to be completed until 2011–12.<a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a><a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Wolseong_Low_and_Intermediate_Level_Radioactive_Waste_Disposal_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolseong Low and Intermediate Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Center">Wolseong Low and Intermediate Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Center</a>, which treats and stores low and intermediate level radioactive waste from the local power plants,<a href="#cite_note-Park,_T;_Choi,_J-205">[205]</a> is overseen and inspected by the Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety (KINS).<a href="#cite_note-FNCA-206">[206]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transportation">Transportation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Transportation">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Singyeongju_Station_20191111_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A front view of a one-story building with a Korean traditional roof." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Singyeongju_Station_20191111_02.jpg/220px-Singyeongju_Station_20191111_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Singyeongju_Station_20191111_02.jpg/330px-Singyeongju_Station_20191111_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Singyeongju_Station_20191111_02.jpg/440px-Singyeongju_Station_20191111_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Gyeongju train station</figcaption></figure> The city lies at the junction of two minor lines operated by the <a href="/wiki/Korean_National_Railroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean National Railroad">Korean National Railroad</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Jungang_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Jungang Line">Jungang Line</a> runs from Seoul to Gyeongju and carries trains from the <a href="/wiki/Daegu_Line" title="Daegu Line">Daegu Line</a>, which originates in <a href="/wiki/Dongdaegu_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Dongdaegu Station">Dongdaegu</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Brit_Transport-23">[23]</a> In Gyeongju, the Jungang line connects to the <a href="/wiki/Donghae_Line" title="Donghae Line">Donghae Line</a> which runs between <a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yeongdeok_County" title="Yeongdeok County">Yeongdeok</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Brit_Transport-23">[23]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Gyeongbu_Expressway" title="Gyeongbu Expressway">Gyeongbu Expressway</a>, which runs from Seoul to Busan, passes through Gyeongju,<a href="#cite_note-Brit_Transport-23">[23]</a> and Provincial Highway 68, aided by the South Korean government, connects <a href="/wiki/Seocheon" class="mw-redirect" title="Seocheon">Seocheon</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Chungcheong_Province" title="South Chungcheong Province">South Chungcheong Province</a> to Gyeongju.<a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a> Additionally national highways such as Route 4,<a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> 7,<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a> 14,<a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a> 20,<a href="#cite_note-211">[211]</a> 28,<a href="#cite_note-212">[212]</a> 31,<a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> and 35<a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a> crisscross the city. Since the city is a popular tourist destination, nonstop bus services are available from most major cities in South Korea.<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a> <a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail" title="High-speed rail">High-speed rail</a> does not serve central Gyeongju, but the <a href="/wiki/Korea_Train_Express" title="Korea Train Express">KTX</a> <a href="/wiki/Gyeongbu_Line" title="Gyeongbu Line">Gyeongbu Line</a> stops at the nearby <a href="/wiki/Gyeongju_station" title="Gyeongju station">Gyeongju station</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Geoncheon-eup" class="mw-redirect" title="Geoncheon-eup">Geoncheon-eup</a>, west of Gyeongju's city center.<a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a><a href="#cite_note-217">[217]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities">Twin towns – sister cities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_South_Korea" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in South Korea">List of twin towns and sister cities in South Korea</a></div> Gyeongju is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with:<a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Iksan" title="Iksan">Iksan</a>, South Korea (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nara,_Nara" class="mw-redirect" title="Nara, Nara">Nara</a>, Japan (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Obama,_Fukui" title="Obama, Fukui">Obama</a>, Japan (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Pompei" title="Pompei">Pompei</a>, Italy (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Versailles,_Yvelines" title="Versailles, Yvelines">Versailles</a>, France (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an">Xi'an</a>, China (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam"><img alt="Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hu%E1%BA%BF" title="Huế">Huế</a>, Vietnam (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nitra" title="Nitra">Nitra</a>, Slovakia (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a>, Iran (2016)</li></ul> </div> Gyeongju also cooperates with: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a>, Australia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_South_Korea" title="Geography of South Korea">Geography of South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_South_Korea" title="List of cities in South Korea">List of cities in South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Maritime_Industrial_Region" title="Southeastern Maritime Industrial Region">Southeastern Maritime Industrial Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_South_Korea" title="Tourism in South Korea">Tourism in South Korea</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gyeongju.go.kr/mayor/page.do?mnu_uid=1389&">"gyeongju mayor"</a>. gyeongju City. 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gyeongju+City&rft.atitle=gyeongju+mayor&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2Fmayor%2Fpage.do%3Fmnu_uid%3D1389%26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jumin.mois.go.kr/">"Population statistics"</a>. 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Retrieved 2009-08-31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dosi+Yeongu%2C+Korea+Center+for+City+and+Environment+Research&rft.atitle=Urban-Rural+Integration+Conflicts+After+1994%27s+Reform+in+Korea&rft.volume=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E103-%3C%2Fspan%3E121&rft.date=1997&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jae+Won&rft.au=Lee%2C+Man+Hyung&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkocer.re.kr%2Ffiles%2FUrbanStudies%2F3th%2FUS3-05.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYun,_DaesicHwang,_JunghoonMoon,_Changkeun2008" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yun, Daesic; Hwang, Junghoon; Moon, Changkeun (June 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120105231753/http://168.126.177.50/pub/docu/kr/AD/BC/ADBC2008SAB/ADBC-2008-SAB-007.PDF">"A Study on Analysis of Mode Choice Characteristics and Travel Pattern in Urban-Rural Integrated City"</a> (PDF) (in Korean). Korea Research Institute For Human Settlements. p. 118. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://168.126.177.50/pub/docu/kr/AD/BC/ADBC2008SAB/ADBC-2008-SAB-007.PDF">the original</a> (PDF) on 2012-01-05. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Study+on+Analysis+of+Mode+Choice+Characteristics+and+Travel+Pattern+in+Urban-Rural+Integrated+City&rft.pages=118&rft.pub=Korea+Research+Institute+For+Human+Settlements&rft.date=2008-06&rft.au=Yun%2C+Daesic&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Junghoon&rft.au=Moon%2C+Changkeun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F168.126.177.50%2Fpub%2Fdocu%2Fkr%2FAD%2FBC%2FADBC2008SAB%2FADBC-2008-SAB-007.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Industry-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Industry_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Industry_22-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Industry_22-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Industry_22-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Industry_22-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Industry_22-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Industry_22-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Industry_22-7">h</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610060922/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=3008027"><bdi lang="ko">경주시의 산업·교통</bdi></a> [Industry and Transportation of Gyeongju] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=3008027">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C%EC%9D%98+%EC%82%B0%EC%97%85%C2%B7%EA%B5%90%ED%86%B5&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3D%26i%3D3008027&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brit_Transport-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_Transport_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_Transport_23-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_Transport_23-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_Transport_23-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_Transport_23-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_Transport_23-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_Transport_23-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_Transport_23-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_Transport_23-8">i</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610062429/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=1010600"><bdi lang="ko">경주시 산업과 교통</bdi></a> [Industry and transport of Gyeongju] (in Korean). Nate / Britannica. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=1010600">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C+%EC%82%B0%EC%97%85%EA%B3%BC+%EA%B5%90%ED%86%B5&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Britannica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3D%26i%3D1010600&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tamásy-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tamásy_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tamásy_24-1">b</a> Tamásy & Taylor, (2008) p.129 </li> <li id="cite_note-EncyKorea_History-25">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EncyKorea_History_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EncyKorea_History_25-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EncyKorea_History_25-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EncyKorea_History_25-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EncyKorea_History_25-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EncyKorea_History_25-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EncyKorea_History_25-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EncyKorea_History_25-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EncyKorea_History_25-8">i</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610054335/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=3008022"><bdi lang="ko">경주시의 역사</bdi></a> [History of Gyeongju] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=3008022">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C%EC%9D%98+%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3D%26i%3D3008022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EncyKorea_Silla-26">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EncyKorea_Silla_26-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EncyKorea_Silla_26-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610054427/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=284393&v=42"><bdi lang="ko">신라 (新羅)</bdi></a> [Silla] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=284393&v=42">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%8B%A0%EB%9D%BC+%28%E6%96%B0%E7%BE%85%29&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3DK%26i%3D284393%26v%3D42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lee_KB_p.78-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lee_KB_p.78_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lee_KB_p.78_27-1">b</a> Lee, Ki-baek, (1984), p.78 </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> Robinson et al. 2007. p.26 </li> <li id="cite_note-Robinson_et_al._2007._p.28-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Robinson_et_al._2007._p.28_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Robinson_et_al._2007._p.28_29-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Robinson_et_al._2007._p.28_29-2">c</a> Robinson et al. 2007. p.28 </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilledge_Nelson2017" class="citation news cs1">Milledge Nelson, Sarah (17 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pjklDwAAQBAJ&q=persians+in+gyeongju&pg=PA64">"Gyeongju: The Capital of Golden Silla"</a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317237938" title="Special:BookSources/9781317237938"><bdi>9781317237938</bdi></a>. Retrieved 2018-04-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gyeongju%3A+The+Capital+of+Golden+Silla&rft.date=2017-02-17&rft.isbn=9781317237938&rft.aulast=Milledge+Nelson&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpjklDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dpersians%2Bin%2Bgyeongju%26pg%3DPA64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nfm.go.kr-31"><a href="#cite_ref-nfm.go.kr_31-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151019024528/http://www.nfm.go.kr/exhi/e2_1kor_02.jsp"><bdi lang="ko">제 1전시 한민족 생활사</bdi></a> [Exhibition Hall 1, History of Korean People] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Korea" title="National Museum of Korea">National Museum of Korea</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nfm.go.kr/exhi/e2_1kor_02.jsp">the original</a> on 2015-10-19. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%A0%9C+1%EC%A0%84%EC%8B%9C+%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EC%A1%B1+%EC%83%9D%ED%99%9C%EC%82%AC&rft.pub=National+Museum+of+Korea&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nfm.go.kr%2Fexhi%2Fe2_1kor_02.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Breen_82-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Breen_82_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Breen_82_32-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Breen_82_32-2">c</a> Breen (1999), p.82 </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Presenters: <a href="/wiki/Yu_In-chon" title="Yu In-chon">Yu In-chon</a> (1998-12-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120804025759/http://www.kbs.co.kr/history_old/review_txt/981219.txt"><bdi lang="ko">신라의 왕궁은 어디에 있었나?</bdi></a> [Where was the royal palace of Silla?]. 역사스페셜 (History Special). Series 9 (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>, South Korea. <a href="/wiki/Korean_Broadcasting_System" title="Korean Broadcasting System">KBS</a>. <a href="/wiki/KBS_1TV" class="mw-redirect" title="KBS 1TV">KBS 1TV</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kbs.co.kr/history_old/review_txt/981219.txt">the original</a> on 2012-08-04. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cgi.kbs.co.kr/cgi/ram/hisspecial/981128.rm">Transcript</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%8E%98%EC%85%9C+%28History+Special%29&rft.place=Seoul%2C+South+Korea&rft.series=Series+9&rft.date=1998-12-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kbs.co.kr%2Fhistory_old%2Freview_txt%2F981219.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kim,_Chang-hyun_p.1-6-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kim,_Chang-hyun_p.1-6_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kim,_Chang-hyun_p.1-6_34-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kim,_Chang-hyun_p.1-6_34-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kim,_Chang-hyun_p.1-6_34-3">d</a> Kim, Chang-hyun, (2008), pp.1–6 </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714155140/http://handic.nate.com/dicsearch/view.html?o=2&i=1026494"><bdi lang="ko">慶州 경주</bdi></a> [Gyeongju] (in Korean). Nate Hanja Dictionary. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://handic.nate.com/dicsearch/view.html?o=2&i=1026494">the original</a> on 2011-07-14. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%85%B6%E5%B7%9E+%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC&rft.pub=Nate+Hanja+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhandic.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fview.html%3Fo%3D2%26i%3D1026494&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> Lee, (1984), pp. 115–116 </li> <li id="cite_note-Doosan_History-37"><a href="#cite_ref-Doosan_History_37-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichelin2012" class="citation book cs1">Michelin (January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rLKXBAAAQBAJ&q=gyeongju+1601+provincial+capital&pg=PT301">Michelin Green Guide South Korea</a>. Michelin Travel & Lifestyle. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782067182554" title="Special:BookSources/9782067182554"><bdi>9782067182554</bdi></a>. Retrieved 2018-04-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Michelin+Green+Guide+South+Korea&rft.pub=Michelin+Travel+%26+Lifestyle&rft.date=2012-01&rft.isbn=9782067182554&rft.au=Michelin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrLKXBAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dgyeongju%2B1601%2Bprovincial%2Bcapital%26pg%3DPT301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> Lee (1984), p. 149. </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> Lee (1984), p. 214. </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian_Cole-40"><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_Cole_40-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCole,_Teresa_Levonian2003" class="citation news cs1">Cole, Teresa Levonian (2003-10-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2003/oct/11/southkorea.guardiansaturdaytravelsection?page=2">"My brilliant Korea"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=My+brilliant+Korea&rft.date=2003-10-11&rft.au=Cole%2C+Teresa+Levonian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftravel%2F2003%2Foct%2F11%2Fsouthkorea.guardiansaturdaytravelsection%3Fpage%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> Kookmin University (2004), p. 27. </li> <li id="cite_note-KBS_Kim_Dong-ni-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KBS_Kim_Dong-ni_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-KBS_Kim_Dong-ni_42-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101030025652/http://world.kbs.co.kr/korean/culturenlife/culturenlife_tour_detail.htm?No=1109"><bdi lang="ko">경주의 이야기꾼, 김동리</bdi></a> [Gyeongju's storyteller, Kim Dong-ni] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/KBS_(Korea)" class="mw-redirect" title="KBS (Korea)">KBS</a>. 2006-03-29. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://world.kbs.co.kr/korean/culturenlife/culturenlife_tour_detail.htm?No=1109">the original</a> on October 30, 2010. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98+%EC%9D%B4%EC%95%BC%EA%B8%B0%EA%BE%BC%2C+%EA%B9%80%EB%8F%99%EB%A6%AC&rft.pub=KBS&rft.date=2006-03-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworld.kbs.co.kr%2Fkorean%2Fculturenlife%2Fculturenlife_tour_detail.htm%3FNo%3D1109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee,_Kyong-hee2009" class="citation news cs1">Lee, Kyong-hee (2009-07-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/view.asp?aid=2907709">"Ancient Silla armor comes to light"</a>. <a href="/wiki/JoongAng_Daily" class="mw-redirect" title="JoongAng Daily">JoongAng Daily</a>. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ancient+Silla+armor+comes+to+light&rft.date=2009-07-22&rft.au=Lee%2C+Kyong-hee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjoongangdaily.joins.com%2Farticle%2Fview.asp%3Faid%3D2907709&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EncyKorea_Museum-44"><a href="#cite_ref-EncyKorea_Museum_44-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610054458/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=285685&v=43"><bdi lang="ko">국립경주박물관 (國立慶州博物館)</bdi></a> [Gyeongju National Museum] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=285685&v=43">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B5%AD%EB%A6%BD%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EB%B0%95%EB%AC%BC%EA%B4%80+%28%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E6%85%B6%E5%B7%9E%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A4%A8%29&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3DK%26i%3D285685%26v%3D43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Donghae_Nambu_Line-45"><a href="#cite_ref-Donghae_Nambu_Line_45-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610054629/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=256250&v=44"><bdi lang="ko">동해남부선 (東海南部線)</bdi></a> [Donaghae Nambu Line] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=256250&v=44">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EB%8F%99%ED%95%B4%EB%82%A8%EB%B6%80%EC%84%A0+%28%E6%9D%B1%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E9%83%A8%E7%B7%9A%29&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3DK%26i%3D256250%26v%3D44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Junagang_Line-46"><a href="#cite_ref-Junagang_Line_46-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610054750/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=257442&v=42"><bdi lang="ko">중앙선 (中央線)</bdi></a> [Donaghae Nambu Line] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=257442&v=42">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%A4%91%EC%95%99%EC%84%A0+%28%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E7%B7%9A%29&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3DK%26i%3D257442%26v%3D42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeeLeidy2013" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Soyoung_Lee" title="Soyoung Lee">Lee, Soyoung</a>; Leidy, Denise Patry (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mpanKmU_ckYC&q=Dongcheon-dong&pg=PA16">Silla: Korea's Golden Kingdom</a>. Metropolitan Museum of Art. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781588395023" title="Special:BookSources/9781588395023"><bdi>9781588395023</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Silla%3A+Korea%27s+Golden+Kingdom&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781588395023&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Soyoung&rft.au=Leidy%2C+Denise+Patry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmpanKmU_ckYC%26q%3DDongcheon-dong%26pg%3DPA16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> Cumings, (1997), p.244. </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> Cumings, (1997), p.275. </li> <li id="cite_note-Lee,_Sungkyun-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lee,_Sungkyun_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lee,_Sungkyun_50-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee,_Sungkyun2004" class="citation journal cs1">Lee, Sungkyun (Spring 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110614035041/http://www.ekoreajournal.net/upload/html/HTML4414.html">"Economic Change and Regional Development Disparities in the 1990s in Korea"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Korea_Journal" title="Korea Journal">Korea Journal</a>. 44 (1): 75–102. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ekoreajournal.net/upload/html/HTML4414.html">the original</a> on June 14, 2011. Retrieved 2009-09-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Korea+Journal&rft.atitle=Economic+Change+and+Regional+Development+Disparities+in+the+1990s+in+Korea&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E75-%3C%2Fspan%3E102&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Lee%2C+Sungkyun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ekoreajournal.net%2Fupload%2Fhtml%2FHTML4414.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kim,_Won_Bae-51"><a href="#cite_ref-Kim,_Won_Bae_51-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim,_Won_Bae2003" class="citation journal cs1">Kim, Won Bae (Summer 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110614035108/http://www.ekoreajournal.net/upload/html/HTML4323.html">"The Evolution of Regional Economic Disparities in Korea"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Korea_Journal" title="Korea Journal">Korea Journal</a>. 43 (2): 55–80. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ekoreajournal.net/upload/html/HTML4323.html">the original</a> on June 14, 2011. Retrieved 2009-09-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Korea+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Evolution+of+Regional+Economic+Disparities+in+Korea&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E55-%3C%2Fspan%3E80&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Kim%2C+Won+Bae&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ekoreajournal.net%2Fupload%2Fhtml%2FHTML4323.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> Sundaram, (2003), p.58 </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> Cherry, (2001) p.41 </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> Kang and Lee (2006), p.59 </li> <li id="cite_note-Encyber_City-55"><a href="#cite_ref-Encyber_City_55-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=11233&contentno=11233">"경주시 Gyeongju-si 慶州市"</a> (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Doosan_Encyclopedia" title="Doosan Encyclopedia">Doosan Encyclopedia</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C+Gyeongju-si+%E6%85%B6%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82&rft.pub=Doosan+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyber.com%2Fsearch_w%2Fctdetail.php%3Fmasterno%3D11233%26contentno%3D11233&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610054032/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=237482&v=43"><bdi lang="ko">문복산 (文福山)</bdi></a> [Munbok Mountain (Munboksan)] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=237482&v=43">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EB%AC%B8%EB%B3%B5%EC%82%B0+%28%E6%96%87%E7%A6%8F%E5%B1%B1%29&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3DK%26i%3D237482%26v%3D43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610054221/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?i=234633"><bdi lang="ko">경주부산성 (慶州富山城)</bdi></a> [Gyeongju Busanseong] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?i=234633">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EB%B6%80%EC%82%B0%EC%84%B1+%28%E6%85%B6%E5%B7%9E%E5%AF%8C%E5%B1%B1%E5%9F%8E%29&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fi%3D234633&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610054236/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=244809&v=44"><bdi lang="ko">토함산 (吐含山 )</bdi></a> [Toham Mountain (Tohamsan)] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=244809&v=44">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%ED%86%A0%ED%95%A8%EC%82%B0+%28%E5%90%90%E5%90%AB%E5%B1%B1+%29&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3DK%26i%3D244809%26v%3D44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=109267&contentno=109267"><bdi lang="ko">양북면 Yangbuk-myeon 陽北面</bdi></a> (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Doosan_Encyclopedia" title="Doosan Encyclopedia">Doosan Encyclopedia</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%96%91%EB%B6%81%EB%A9%B4+Yangbuk-myeon+%E9%99%BD%E5%8C%97%E9%9D%A2&rft.pub=Doosan+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyber.com%2Fsearch_w%2Fctdetail.php%3Fmasterno%3D109267%26contentno%3D109267&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610054300/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?i=244800"><bdi lang="ko">태화강 (太和江)</bdi></a> [Taehwa River] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?i=244800">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%ED%83%9C%ED%99%94%EA%B0%95+%28%E5%A4%AA%E5%92%8C%E6%B1%9F%29&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fi%3D244800&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610054318/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?i=247864"><bdi lang="ko">형산강지구대 (兄山江地溝帶)</bdi></a> [Hyeongsan River Rift Valley] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?i=247864">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%ED%98%95%EC%82%B0%EA%B0%95%EC%A7%80%EA%B5%AC%EB%8C%80+%28%E5%85%84%E5%B1%B1%E6%B1%9F%E5%9C%B0%E6%BA%9D%E5%B8%B6%29&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fi%3D247864&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2008_Tonggye_2-62">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2008_Tonggye_2_62-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-2008_Tonggye_2_62-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-2008_Tonggye_2_62-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5iEKQTnlY?url=http://gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/2.pdf"><bdi lang="ko">2008년도 경주시 통계연보 : 2.토지 및 기후</bdi></a> [Statistical yearbook of Gyeongju 2008 : 2. Land and weather] (PDF). Gyeongju City. August 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/2.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 2009-07-13. Retrieved 2009-07-13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2008%EB%85%84%EB%8F%84+%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C+%ED%86%B5%EA%B3%84%EC%97%B0%EB%B3%B4+%3A+2.%ED%86%A0%EC%A7%80+%EB%B0%8F+%EA%B8%B0%ED%9B%84&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City&rft.date=2008-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgyeongju.go.kr%2Fadministrative%2Fadministrative%2Ftonggye2008%2F2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-gyeongju1-63">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gyeongju1_63-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-gyeongju1_63-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613162052/http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/industry/agriculture/info.asp?main=5&sub=1&cor=5"><bdi lang="ko">농축수산</bdi></a> [Agriculture, Livestock industry, and Fisheries]. Gyeongju City website (in Korean). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/industry/agriculture/info.asp?main=5&sub=1&cor=5">the original</a> on 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2009-07-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gyeongju+City+website&rft.atitle=%EB%86%8D%EC%B6%95%EC%88%98%EC%82%B0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2Findustry%2Fagriculture%2Finfo.asp%3Fmain%3D5%26sub%3D1%26cor%3D5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090328044837/http://coast.kcg.go.kr/english/intro/greet.asp">"Greeting"</a>. The National Maritime Police. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://coast.kcg.go.kr/english/intro/greet.asp">the original</a> on March 28, 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Greeting&rft.pub=The+National+Maritime+Police&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcoast.kcg.go.kr%2Fenglish%2Fintro%2Fgreet.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee,_Gil-Beom2009" class="citation web cs1">Lee, Gil-Beom (2009-03-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090621224746/http://coast.kcg.go.kr/english/sea/diff_send.asp">"Main Operations"</a>. The National Maritime Police. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://coast.kcg.go.kr/english/sea/diff_send.asp">the original</a> on 2009-06-21. Retrieved 2009-08-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Main+Operations&rft.pub=The+National+Maritime+Police&rft.date=2009-03-09&rft.au=Lee%2C+Gil-Beom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcoast.kcg.go.kr%2Fenglish%2Fsea%2Fdiff_send.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050207121709/http://ulsan.kcg.go.kr/intro/intro.asp"><bdi lang="ko">경찰서소개</bdi></a> [Introduction of the police] (in Korean). Ulsan Coast Guard, Korea. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ulsan.kcg.go.kr/intro/intro.asp">the original</a> on February 7, 2005. Retrieved 2009-08-05. <q>울산광역시 북구 신명동으로부터 부산광역시 기장군 공수리까지 해안선과 어업자원보호선을 연결한 해역</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%B0%B0%EC%84%9C%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C&rft.pub=Ulsan+Coast+Guard%2C+Korea&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fulsan.kcg.go.kr%2Fintro%2Fintro.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613162102/http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inFrame.asp?how_chk=&hdnPage=&Kwa01Code=&s_sy=&s_sm=&s_ey=&s_em=&SearchType=&SearchString=&reqNum=&vDiscrNo=&name=&result=&discrHash=&PCODE=A0105&main=1&sub=5"><bdi lang="ko">위치와 자연지리</bdi></a> [Location and geography] (in Korean). Gyeongju City website. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inFrame.asp?how_chk=&hdnPage=&Kwa01Code=&s_sy=&s_sm=&s_ey=&s_em=&SearchType=&SearchString=&reqNum=&vDiscrNo=&name=&result=&discrHash=&PCODE=A0105&main=1&sub=5">the original</a> on 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2009-07-13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%9C%84%EC%B9%98%EC%99%80+%EC%9E%90%EC%97%B0%EC%A7%80%EB%A6%AC&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2FinFrame.asp%3Fhow_chk%3D%26hdnPage%3D%26Kwa01Code%3D%26s_sy%3D%26s_sm%3D%26s_ey%3D%26s_em%3D%26SearchType%3D%26SearchString%3D%26reqNum%3D%26vDiscrNo%3D%26name%3D%26result%3D%26discrHash%3D%26PCODE%3DA0105%26main%3D1%26sub%3D5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> Kang (2002), p. 6. </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> Kang (2002), p. 5. </li> <li id="cite_note-KMA-70"><a href="#cite_ref-KMA_70-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220129211110/https://data.kma.go.kr/resources/normals/pdf_data/korea_pdf_0106_v2.pdf">"Climatological Normals of Korea (1991 ~ 2020)"</a> (PDF) (in Korean). Korea Meteorological Administration. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.kma.go.kr/resources/normals/pdf_data/korea_pdf_0106_v2.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 29 January 2022. 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Retrieved 4 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%88%9C%EC%9C%84%EA%B0%92+-+%EA%B5%AC%EC%97%AD%EB%B3%84%EC%A1%B0%ED%9A%8C&rft.pub=Korea+Meteorological+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.kma.go.kr%2Fclimate%2Fextremum%2FselectExtremumList.do%3FpgmNo%3D103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim,_Gyeong-uk_(김경욱)2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kim, Gyeong-uk (김경욱) (2009-05-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/specialsection/newspickup_section/356260.html"><bdi lang="ko">이름모를 90명 '부시장은 외로워'</bdi></a> [Nameless 90 people 'Vice-mayors are lonely'] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/The_Hankyoreh" title="The Hankyoreh">The Hankyoreh</a>. Retrieved 2009-09-15. <q>부시장은 시장의 제청으로 행정안전부 장관을 거쳐 대통령이 임명한다.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%9D%B4%EB%A6%84%EB%AA%A8%EB%A5%BC+90%EB%AA%85+%27%EB%B6%80%EC%8B%9C%EC%9E%A5%EC%9D%80+%EC%99%B8%EB%A1%9C%EC%9B%8C%27&rft.date=2009-05-22&rft.au=Kim%2C+Gyeong-uk+%28%EA%B9%80%EA%B2%BD%EC%9A%B1%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hani.co.kr%2Farti%2Fspecialsection%2Fnewspickup_section%2F356260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChoe_Chang-ho_(최창호)2010" class="citation news cs1">Choe Chang-ho (최창호) (2010-07-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anewsa.com/detail.php?number=111894">"Asia News Agency"</a>. anewsa.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Asia+News+Agency&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft.au=Choe+Chang-ho+%28%EC%B5%9C%EC%B0%BD%ED%98%B8%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anewsa.com%2Fdetail.php%3Fnumber%3D111894&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim,_Jong-deuk_(김종득)2010" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kim, Jong-deuk (김종득) (2010-06-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111008164224/http://www.srbsm.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=15320"><bdi lang="ko">최양식 당선자는?</bdi></a> [Who is the electee, Choe Yang-sik?] (in Korean). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/mayor/open_content/sub.jsp?menuIdx=3838">the original</a> on 2011-06-13. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_asiapacific/view/425688/1/.html">the original</a> on 2009-04-30. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=South+Korea+by-elections+to+test+Lee%27s+government&rft.pub=Channel+News+Asia&rft.date=2009-04-29&rft.au=AFP+%2F+Yonhap&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.channelnewsasia.com%2Fstories%2Fafp_asiapacific%2Fview%2F425688%2F1%2F.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGwon,_Gyeong-an_(권경안)Im,_Min-hyeok_(임민혁)2006" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gwon, Gyeong-an (권경안); Im, Min-hyeok (임민혁) (2006-05-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110612022247/http://www.chosun.com/politics/news/200605/200605150023.html"><bdi lang="ko">관심쏠린 3대 접전지</bdi></a> [The three heated places getting attention] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/The_Chosun_Ilbo" title="The Chosun Ilbo">The Chosun Ilbo</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chosun.com/politics/news/200605/200605150023.html">the original</a> on 2011-06-12. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B4%80%EC%8B%AC%EC%8F%A0%EB%A6%B0+3%EB%8C%80+%EC%A0%91%EC%A0%84%EC%A7%80&rft.date=2006-05-15&rft.au=Gwon%2C+Gyeong-an+%28%EA%B6%8C%EA%B2%BD%EC%95%88%29&rft.au=Im%2C+Min-hyeok+%28%EC%9E%84%EB%AF%BC%ED%98%81%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chosun.com%2Fpolitics%2Fnews%2F200605%2F200605150023.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee,_Ji-yunPark,_Jae-han2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lee, Ji-yun; Park, Jae-han (2005-04-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pressian.com/article/article.asp?article_num=40050407170036&section=01"><bdi lang="ko">우리-한나라, "재보선 6곳중 4곳 건지겠다"</bdi></a> [Uri Party-Grand National Party, "Shall win at 4 of the 6 districts up for by-election"] (in Korean). Retrieved 2009-09-15. <q>한나라당에선 전통적인 영남정서를 이유로 양측 모두 박빙의 우세를 점치고 있다.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%9A%B0%EB%A6%AC-%ED%95%9C%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC%2C+%22%EC%9E%AC%EB%B3%B4%EC%84%A0+6%EA%B3%B3%EC%A4%91+4%EA%B3%B3+%EA%B1%B4%EC%A7%80%EA%B2%A0%EB%8B%A4%22&rft.date=2005-04-07&rft.au=Lee%2C+Ji-yun&rft.au=Park%2C+Jae-han&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pressian.com%2Farticle%2Farticle.asp%3Farticle_num%3D40050407170036%26section%3D01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120105192437/http://kjcl.council.or.kr/source/eng/sub2/sub2_2.html">"Set-up of the Countcil/Organization of the Council"</a>. Gyeongju City Council. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kjcl.council.or.kr/source/eng/sub2/sub2_2.html">the original</a> on 2012-01-05. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Set-up+of+the+Countcil%2FOrganization+of+the+Council&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkjcl.council.or.kr%2Fsource%2Feng%2Fsub2%2Fsub2_2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/economy/2009/07/08/0302000000AKR20090708130700053.HTML"><bdi lang="ko">경주시의회 방폐장 집회두고 '시끌'</bdi></a> [Gyeongju City Council disputing before the meeting for the nuclear waste disposal facility)] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Yonhap_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Yonhap News">Yonhap News</a>. 2009-07-27. Retrieved 2009-09-15. <q>전체 시의원 21명</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C%EC%9D%98%ED%9A%8C+%EB%B0%A9%ED%8F%90%EC%9E%A5+%EC%A7%91%ED%9A%8C%EB%91%90%EA%B3%A0+%27%EC%8B%9C%EB%81%8C%27&rft.date=2009-07-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yonhapnews.co.kr%2Feconomy%2F2009%2F07%2F08%2F0302000000AKR20090708130700053.HTML&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613163325/http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inFrame.asp?how_chk=&hdnPage=&Kwa01Code=&s_sy=&s_sm=&s_ey=&s_em=&SearchType=&SearchString=&reqNum=&vDiscrNo=&name=&result=&discrHash=&PCODE=A0201&main=2&sub=1"><bdi lang="ko">행정조직</bdi></a> [Administrative organization] (in Korean). Gyeongju City. 2009-05-12. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inFrame.asp?how_chk=&hdnPage=&Kwa01Code=&s_sy=&s_sm=&s_ey=&s_em=&SearchType=&SearchString=&reqNum=&vDiscrNo=&name=&result=&discrHash=&PCODE=A0201&main=2&sub=1">the original</a> on 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%ED%96%89%EC%A0%95%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%81&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City&rft.date=2009-05-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2FinFrame.asp%3Fhow_chk%3D%26hdnPage%3D%26Kwa01Code%3D%26s_sy%3D%26s_sm%3D%26s_ey%3D%26s_em%3D%26SearchType%3D%26SearchString%3D%26reqNum%3D%26vDiscrNo%3D%26name%3D%26result%3D%26discrHash%3D%26PCODE%3DA0201%26main%3D2%26sub%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ebook.gyeongju.go.kr/data/2009bef_pdf.zip"><bdi lang="ko">기본현황</bdi></a> [Basic status quo] (in Korean). Gyeongju City. p. 7. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B8%B0%EB%B3%B8%ED%98%84%ED%99%A9&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Febook.gyeongju.go.kr%2Fdata%2F2009bef_pdf.zip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-Status_quo-83"><a href="#cite_ref-Status_quo_83-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613162218/http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inboard.asp?PCODE=A0105_01&main=1&sub=2&cor=1"><bdi lang="ko">기본현황</bdi></a> [Status quo] (in Korean). Gyeongju City. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inboard.asp?PCODE=A0105_01&main=1&sub=2&cor=1">the original</a> on 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B8%B0%EB%B3%B8%ED%98%84%ED%99%A9&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2Finboard.asp%3FPCODE%3DA0105_01%26main%3D1%26sub%3D2%26cor%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722140252/http://news.gyeongju.go.kr/section.asp?Section_id=2&news_id=4735&Section_title=&lastho=4&domain=news&t_num=4874&tail=2"><bdi lang="ko">소규모 행정동 통폐합 5일부터 업무개시</bdi></a> (in Korean). Gyeongju Sibo. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.gyeongju.go.kr/section.asp?Section_id=2&news_id=4735&Section_title=&lastho=4&domain=news&t_num=4874&tail=2">the original</a> on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2009-08-18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%86%8C%EA%B7%9C%EB%AA%A8+%ED%96%89%EC%A0%95%EB%8F%99+%ED%86%B5%ED%8F%90%ED%95%A9+5%EC%9D%BC%EB%B6%80%ED%84%B0+%EC%97%85%EB%AC%B4%EA%B0%9C%EC%8B%9C&rft.pub=Gyeongju+Sibo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.gyeongju.go.kr%2Fsection.asp%3FSection_id%3D2%26news_id%3D4735%26Section_title%3D%26lastho%3D4%26domain%3Dnews%26t_num%3D4874%26tail%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613162218/http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inboard.asp?PCODE=A0105_01&main=1&sub=2&cor=1"><bdi lang="ko">행정구역</bdi></a> [Administrative divisions] (in Korean). Gyeongju City. 2007-12-31. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inboard.asp?PCODE=A0105_01&main=1&sub=2&cor=1">the original</a> on 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%ED%96%89%EC%A0%95%EA%B5%AC%EC%97%AD&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City&rft.date=2007-12-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2Finboard.asp%3FPCODE%3DA0105_01%26main%3D1%26sub%3D2%26cor%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-gyeongju2-86"><a href="#cite_ref-gyeongju2_86-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr//upload/board/2118/2013/1//20130124100421_1.pdf">"2013 Statistical Report Gyeongju"</a> (PDF). Gyeongju City.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2013+Statistical+Report+Gyeongju&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2F%2Fupload%2Fboard%2F2118%2F2013%2F1%2F%2F20130124100421_1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-status_quo-87"><a href="#cite_ref-status_quo_87-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gyeongju.go.kr/inFrame.asp?how_chk=&hdnPage=&Kwa01Code=&s_sy=&s_sm=&s_ey=&s_em=&SearchType=&SearchString=&reqNum=&vDiscrNo=&name=&result=&discrHash=&PCODE=A0106&main=1&sub=6"><bdi lang="ko">인구현황</bdi></a> [Status-quo of the population]. Gyeongju City. Retrieved 2009-08-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%9D%B8%EA%B5%AC%ED%98%84%ED%99%A9&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgyeongju.go.kr%2FinFrame.asp%3Fhow_chk%3D%26hdnPage%3D%26Kwa01Code%3D%26s_sy%3D%26s_sm%3D%26s_ey%3D%26s_em%3D%26SearchType%3D%26SearchString%3D%26reqNum%3D%26vDiscrNo%3D%26name%3D%26result%3D%26discrHash%3D%26PCODE%3DA0106%26main%3D1%26sub%3D6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5ikHjRyuP?url=http://gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/3.pdf">"11. Internal Migration"</a> (PDF). Statistical yearbook of Gyeongju 2008. Gyeongju City. p. 105. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/3.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 2009-08-03. Retrieved 2009-08-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statistical+yearbook+of+Gyeongju+2008&rft.atitle=11.+Internal+Migration&rft.pages=105&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgyeongju.go.kr%2Fadministrative%2Fadministrative%2Ftonggye2008%2F3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5ikHjRyuP?url=http://gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/3.pdf">"10. Vital Statistics"</a> (PDF). Statistical yearbook of Gyeongju 2008. Gyeongju City. p. 104. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/3.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 2009-08-03. Retrieved 2009-08-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statistical+yearbook+of+Gyeongju+2008&rft.atitle=10.+Vital+Statistics&rft.pages=104&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgyeongju.go.kr%2Fadministrative%2Fadministrative%2Ftonggye2008%2F3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5ikHjRyuP?url=http://gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/3.pdf">"Registered Foreigners by Major Nationality"</a> (PDF). Statistical yearbook of Gyeongju 2008. Gyeongju City. p. 109. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/3.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 2009-08-03. Retrieved 2009-08-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statistical+yearbook+of+Gyeongju+2008&rft.atitle=Registered+Foreigners+by+Major+Nationality&rft.pages=109&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgyeongju.go.kr%2Fadministrative%2Fadministrative%2Ftonggye2008%2F3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYi,_Seong-gyu2003" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yi, Seong-gyu (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.korean.go.kr/nkview/nklife/2003_4/13_3.html"><bdi lang="ko">문학 작품에 나타난 방언</bdi></a> [Dialect appearing in literary works (Munhak jakpum-e natanan bang-eon.)]. SAE Gugeo Saenghwal (New Living Korean Language) (in Korean). 13 (4). Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAE+Gugeo+Saenghwal+%28New+Living+Korean+Language%29&rft.atitle=%EB%AC%B8%ED%95%99+%EC%9E%91%ED%92%88%EC%97%90+%EB%82%98%ED%83%80%EB%82%9C+%EB%B0%A9%EC%96%B8&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Yi%2C+Seong-gyu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.korean.go.kr%2Fnkview%2Fnklife%2F2003_4%2F13_3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brit_Edu-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_Edu_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_Edu_92-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_Edu_92-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_Edu_92-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610055909/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=B&i=1010602&v=43"><bdi lang="ko">경주시의 교육·문화</bdi></a> [Education and culture of Gyeongju] (in Korean). Nate / Britannica. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=B&i=1010602&v=43">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C%EC%9D%98+%EA%B5%90%EC%9C%A1%C2%B7%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Britannica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3DB%26i%3D1010602%26v%3D43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-relics-93">^ <a href="#cite_ref-relics_93-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-relics_93-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610062511/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=3008023"><bdi lang="ko">경주시의 유물·유적</bdi></a> [Relics and historical sites of Gyeongju] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=3008023">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C%EC%9D%98+%EC%9C%A0%EB%AC%BC%C2%B7%EC%9C%A0%EC%A0%81&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3D%26i%3D3008023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721090748/http://www.gbtour.net/JSPROOT/CLIENT/htmlContents/view.jsp?Command=&curPage=&searchOrderByCol=HC_VIEW_COUNT&searchAscDesc=DESC&cate_idx=61&hc_idx=1482&styleMode=&styleModeQuery="><bdi lang="ko">국립공원</bdi></a> [National Park] (in Korean). Gyeongbuk-do province. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gbtour.net/JSPROOT/CLIENT/htmlContents/view.jsp?Command=&curPage=&searchOrderByCol=HC_VIEW_COUNT&searchAscDesc=DESC&cate_idx=61&hc_idx=1482&styleMode=&styleModeQuery=">the original</a> on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B5%AD%EB%A6%BD%EA%B3%B5%EC%9B%90&rft.pub=Gyeongbuk-do+province&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gbtour.net%2FJSPROOT%2FCLIENT%2FhtmlContents%2Fview.jsp%3FCommand%3D%26curPage%3D%26searchOrderByCol%3DHC_VIEW_COUNT%26searchAscDesc%3DDESC%26cate_idx%3D61%26hc_idx%3D1482%26styleMode%3D%26styleModeQuery%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> Yi, Sŭng-hwan (2005), p.78 & 99 </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChang,_Il-Gyu2003" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Chang, Il-Gyu (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dbpia.co.kr/view/ar_view.asp?arid=1171013">"Choi, chi-won's learning and activity in Tang China"</a>. Korean Studies Quarterly (in English and Korean). 26 (2). <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Korean_Studies" title="Academy of Korean Studies">Academy of Korean Studies</a>: 111–133, 292–293. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Korean+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Choi%2C+chi-won%27s+learning+and+activity+in+Tang+China&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E111-%3C%2Fspan%3E133%2C+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E292-%3C%2Fspan%3E293&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Chang%2C+Il-Gyu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dbpia.co.kr%2Fview%2Far_view.asp%3Farid%3D1171013&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610053824/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=273976&v=44"><bdi lang="ko">최치원 崔致遠</bdi></a> [Choe Chi-won] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=273976&v=44">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%B5%9C%EC%B9%98%EC%9B%90+%E5%B4%94%E8%87%B4%E9%81%A0&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3DK%26i%3D273976%26v%3D44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlain,_Burrese2000" class="citation journal cs1">Alain, Burrese (June 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=is8DAAAAMBAJ&q=%22Kim+Yu-shin%22&pg=PA155">"An American Martial Arts Odyssey in Korea"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Black_Belt_(magazine)" title="Black Belt (magazine)">Black Belt</a>. 38 (6). Active Interest Media, Inc.: 155.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Black+Belt&rft.atitle=An+American+Martial+Arts+Odyssey+in+Korea&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=155&rft.date=2000-06&rft.au=Alain%2C+Burrese&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dis8DAAAAMBAJ%26q%3D%2522Kim%2BYu-shin%2522%26pg%3DPA155&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> Kang and Lee (2006), p.70 </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610053853/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=B&i=189272&v=42"><bdi lang="ko">최언위 崔彦撝</bdi></a> [Choe Eon-wui] (in Korean). Nate / Britannica. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=B&i=189272&v=42">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%B5%9C%EC%96%B8%EC%9C%84+%E5%B4%94%E5%BD%A6%E6%92%9D&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Britannica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3DB%26i%3D189272%26v%3D42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610055323/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=279101&v=44"><bdi lang="ko">이언적 (李彦迪)</bdi></a> [Yi Eon-jeok] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=279101&v=44">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81+%28%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3DK%26i%3D279101%26v%3D44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610055455/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=B&i=180007&v=44"><bdi lang="ko">이언적 (李彦迪)</bdi></a> [Yi Eon-jeok] (in Korean). Nate / Britannica. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=B&i=180007&v=44">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%A0%81+%28%E6%9D%8E%E5%BD%A6%E8%BF%AA%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3DB%26i%3D180007%26v%3D44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Angang-103">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Angang_103-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Angang_103-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gyeongju.knps.or.kr/eng/visit/visit_7.html">"Angang area"</a>. Korea National Park. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Angang+area&rft.pub=Korea+National+Park&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgyeongju.knps.or.kr%2Feng%2Fvisit%2Fvisit_7.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-Kim_&_Fulton-104"><a href="#cite_ref-Kim_&_Fulton_104-0">^</a> Kim & Fulton (1998), pp.107 </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610055513/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=293446&v=42"><bdi lang="ko">박목월 (朴木月)</bdi></a> [Park Mok-wol] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=K&i=293446&v=42">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EB%B0%95%EB%AA%A9%EC%9B%94+%28%E6%9C%B4%E6%9C%A8%E6%9C%88%29&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3DK%26i%3D293446%26v%3D42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee_Gyu-won_(이규원)2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lee Gyu-won (이규원) (December 29, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.segye.com/Articles/NEWS/CULTURE/Article.asp?aid=20071228001731&subctg1=&subctg2="><bdi lang="ko">대한민국통맥풍수 <57·끝>경주 최부잣집과 자기 풍수</bdi></a> [Feng Shui of Republic of Korea <57, the finale> Rich Gyeongju Choe family's house and feng shui] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Segye_Ilbo" title="Segye Ilbo">Segye Ilbo</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%ED%86%B5%EB%A7%A5%ED%92%8D%EC%88%98+%3C57%C2%B7%EB%81%9D%3E%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC+%EC%B5%9C%EB%B6%80%EC%9E%A3%EC%A7%91%EA%B3%BC+%EC%9E%90%EA%B8%B0+%ED%92%8D%EC%88%98&rft.date=2009-12-29&rft.au=Lee+Gyu-won+%28%EC%9D%B4%EA%B7%9C%EC%9B%90%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.segye.com%2FArticles%2FNEWS%2FCULTURE%2FArticle.asp%3Faid%3D20071228001731%26subctg1%3D%26subctg2%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/view.asp?aid=2684044">"Kim at large"</a>. <a href="/wiki/JoongAngDaily" class="mw-redirect" title="JoongAngDaily">JoongAngDaily</a>. 2006-02-12. Retrieved 2009-08-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Kim+at+large&rft.date=2006-02-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjoongangdaily.joins.com%2Farticle%2Fview.asp%3Faid%3D2684044&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> Kim (1982), p. 30. </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHan,_Jeong-gon_(한정곤)2004" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Han, Jeong-gon (한정곤) (2004-07-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091021163531/http://www.ilyosisa.co.kr/SUNDAY/SUN_0445/TM_0202.html"><bdi lang="ko"><재벌가 얽히고 설킨 혼맥 24탄> 삼성그룹</bdi></a> [The 24th episode, Intricate connections between chaebol families Samsung Group] (in Korean). No. 445. Ilyo Sisa. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ilyosisa.co.kr/SUNDAY/SUN_0445/TM_0202.html">the original</a> on 2009-10-21. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%3C%EC%9E%AC%EB%B2%8C%EA%B0%80+%EC%96%BD%ED%9E%88%EA%B3%A0+%EC%84%A4%ED%82%A8+%ED%98%BC%EB%A7%A5+24%ED%83%84%3E+%EC%82%BC%EC%84%B1%EA%B7%B8%EB%A3%B9&rft.issue=445&rft.date=2004-07-29&rft.au=Han%2C+Jeong-gon+%28%ED%95%9C%EC%A0%95%EA%B3%A4%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ilyosisa.co.kr%2FSUNDAY%2FSUN_0445%2FTM_0202.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPark,_Min-je_(박민제)2007" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Park, Min-je (박민제) (2007-05-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726121533/http://www.hankyung.com/news/app/newsview.php?aid=2007050774291&nid=000&ltype=1"><bdi lang="ko">전국 800명 '초미니 가문' "종친어른은 모두 부모님"</bdi></a> [A total of 800 people nationwide 'The smallest clan' "Seniors of the clan are our parents"] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/The_Korea_Economic_Daily" title="The Korea Economic Daily">The Korea Economic Daily</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hankyung.com/news/app/newsview.php?aid=2007050774291&nid=000&ltype=1">the original</a> on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AD+800%EB%AA%85+%27%EC%B4%88%EB%AF%B8%EB%8B%88+%EA%B0%80%EB%AC%B8%27+%22%EC%A2%85%EC%B9%9C%EC%96%B4%EB%A5%B8%EC%9D%80+%EB%AA%A8%EB%91%90+%EB%B6%80%EB%AA%A8%EB%8B%98%22&rft.date=2007-05-07&rft.au=Park%2C+Min-je+%28%EB%B0%95%EB%AF%BC%EC%A0%9C%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hankyung.com%2Fnews%2Fapp%2Fnewsview.php%3Faid%3D2007050774291%26nid%3D000%26ltype%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPark,_Jong-jin_(박종진)2006" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Park, Jong-jin (박종진) (2006-01-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613223723/http://news.hankooki.com/lpage/society/200601/h2006012610363421950.htm"><bdi lang="ko">姓氏를 말하면 꼭 다시 물어요</bdi></a> [People surely questioning again whenever I say my surname] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Hankook_Ilbo" title="Hankook Ilbo">Hankook Ilbo</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.hankooki.com/lpage/society/200601/h2006012610363421950.htm">the original</a> on 2011-06-13. 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Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Drinks+of+the+Ancients&rft.pub=SkyNews&rft.au=Park%2C+Ji-Young&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fskynews.co.kr%2Farticle_print.asp%3Fmcd%3D121%26ccd%3D6%26scd%3D2%26ano%3D124&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPark,_Yeong-chul_(박영출)2004" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Park, Yeong-chul (박영출) (2004-02-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.munhwa.com/news/view.html?no=2004020401011229031002"><bdi lang="ko">경주법주-200년된 우물물로 주조</bdi></a> [Gyeongju beopju, made with water from a 200 years old well] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/The_Chosun_Ilbo" title="The Chosun Ilbo">The Chosun Ilbo</a>. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EB%B2%95%EC%A3%BC-200%EB%85%84%EB%90%9C+%EC%9A%B0%EB%AC%BC%EB%AC%BC%EB%A1%9C+%EC%A3%BC%EC%A1%B0&rft.date=2004-02-04&rft.au=Park%2C+Yeong-chul+%28%EB%B0%95%EC%98%81%EC%B6%9C%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.munhwa.com%2Fnews%2Fview.html%3Fno%3D2004020401011229031002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee,_Yeon-Jung2006" class="citation journal cs1">Lee, Yeon-Jung (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kmbase.medric.or.kr/Main.aspx?d=KMBASE&m=VIEW&i=0665420060210060577">"Analysis of Current Use of Local Food of Adults in Gyeongju Classified by Age"</a>. 한국식생활문화학회지 [Korean Journal of Food Culture]. 21 (6): 577–588. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD%EC%8B%9D%EC%83%9D%ED%99%9C%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%ED%9A%8C%EC%A7%80+%5BKorean+Journal+of+Food+Culture%5D&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Current+Use+of+Local+Food+of+Adults+in+Gyeongju+Classified+by+Age&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E577-%3C%2Fspan%3E588&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Lee%2C+Yeon-Jung&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkmbase.medric.or.kr%2FMain.aspx%3Fd%3DKMBASE%26m%3DVIEW%26i%3D0665420060210060577&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110614033414/http://www.visitkorea.or.kr/ena/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=309379">"Travel Highlights"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Korea_Tourism_Organization" title="Korea Tourism Organization">Korea Tourism Organization</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitkorea.or.kr/ena/SI/SI_EN_3_6.jsp?cid=309379">the original</a> on 2011-06-14. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Travel+Highlights&rft.pub=Korea+Tourism+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitkorea.or.kr%2Fena%2FSI%2FSI_EN_3_6.jsp%3Fcid%3D309379&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dong-a-129"><a href="#cite_ref-Dong-a_129-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim,_Jae-Chan2001" class="citation news cs1">Kim, Jae-Chan (2001-01-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110606070954/http://english.donga.com/srv/srv.php3?biid=2001012678930&bicode=04t">"(Gourmet spot) Grandma's Haejangguk house in Yangjae-dong"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Dong-A_Ilbo" title="The Dong-A Ilbo">The Dong-A Ilbo</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.donga.com/srv/srv.php3?biid=2001012678930&bicode=04t">the original</a> on 2011-06-06. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%28Gourmet+spot%29+Grandma%27s+Haejangguk+house+in+Yangjae-dong&rft.date=2001-01-26&rft.au=Kim%2C+Jae-Chan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.donga.com%2Fsrv%2Fsrv.php3%3Fbiid%3D2001012678930%26bicode%3D04t&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPark,_Gyeong-il_(박경일)2007" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Park, Gyeong-il (박경일) (2007-04-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.munhwa.com/news/view.html?no=2007040401032330024004"><bdi lang="ko">경주 먹을거리 · 즐길거리와 묵을 곳</bdi></a> [Something to eat, enjoy, and lodge in Gyeongju] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Munhwa_Ilbo" title="Munhwa Ilbo">Munhwa Ilbo</a>. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC+%EB%A8%B9%EC%9D%84%EA%B1%B0%EB%A6%AC+%C2%B7+%EC%A6%90%EA%B8%B8%EA%B1%B0%EB%A6%AC%EC%99%80+%EB%AC%B5%EC%9D%84+%EA%B3%B3&rft.date=2007-04-04&rft.au=Park%2C+Gyeong-il+%28%EB%B0%95%EA%B2%BD%EC%9D%BC%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.munhwa.com%2Fnews%2Fview.html%3Fno%3D2007040401032330024004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim,_Hyeon-gwan2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kim, Hyeon-gwan (2005-04-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111002220016/http://idaegu.com/index_sub.html?load=su&bcode=AIAB&no=7012"><bdi lang="ko">경주지역 상권 불황 '역대 최고'</bdi></a> [Recession of the commercial district in Gyeongju is 'worst ever'] (in Korean). Daegu Ilbo. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://idaegu.com/index_sub.html?load=su&bcode=AIAB&no=7012">the original</a> on 2011-10-02. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%A7%80%EC%97%AD+%EC%83%81%EA%B6%8C+%EB%B6%88%ED%99%A9+%27%EC%97%AD%EB%8C%80+%EC%B5%9C%EA%B3%A0%27&rft.date=2005-04-07&rft.au=Kim%2C+Hyeon-gwan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fidaegu.com%2Findex_sub.html%3Fload%3Dsu%26bcode%3DAIAB%26no%3D7012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim,_Hyeon-gwan2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kim, Hyeon-gwan (2005-07-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111002220021/http://idaegu.com/index_sub.html?load=su&bcode=AKAA&no=139"><bdi lang="ko">여름 바캉스 경주로</bdi></a> [Gyeongju for summer vacation] (in Korean). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://idaegu.com/index_sub.html?load=su&bcode=AKAA&no=139">the original</a> on 2011-10-02. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%97%AC%EB%A6%84+%EB%B0%94%EC%BA%89%EC%8A%A4+%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EB%A1%9C&rft.date=2005-07-01&rft.au=Kim%2C+Hyeon-gwan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fidaegu.com%2Findex_sub.html%3Fload%3Dsu%26bcode%3DAKAA%26no%3D139&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPark,_Jong-hyeon_(박종현)2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Park, Jong-hyeon (박종현) (2009-02-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.segye.com/Articles/News/Culture/Article.asp?aid=20090205003511&ctg1=09&ctg2=00&subctg1=09&subctg2=00&cid=0101050900000"><bdi lang="ko">살살 녹는 대게살...힘이 쑥쑥 전복탕</bdi></a> [Crab meat melted in the mouth and jeonboktang giving stamina] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Segye_Ilbo" title="Segye Ilbo">Segye Ilbo</a>. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%82%B4%EC%82%B4+%EB%85%B9%EB%8A%94+%EB%8C%80%EA%B2%8C%EC%82%B4...%ED%9E%98%EC%9D%B4+%EC%91%A5%EC%91%A5+%EC%A0%84%EB%B3%B5%ED%83%95&rft.date=2009-02-05&rft.au=Park%2C+Jong-hyeon+%28%EB%B0%95%EC%A2%85%ED%98%84%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.segye.com%2FArticles%2FNews%2FCulture%2FArticle.asp%3Faid%3D20090205003511%26ctg1%3D09%26ctg2%3D00%26subctg1%3D09%26subctg2%3D00%26cid%3D0101050900000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sports_facilities-134">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sports_facilities_134-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sports_facilities_134-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230914104412/http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/14.pdf">"XVI.Education and Culture >21. Sports facilities"</a> (PDF). Gyeongju City. p. 481. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/14.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on September 14, 2023. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=XVI.Education+and+Culture+%3E21.+Sports+facilities&rft.pages=481&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2Fadministrative%2Fadministrative%2Ftonggye2008%2F14.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-문화_Culture-135">^ <a href="#cite_ref-문화_Culture_135-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-문화_Culture_135-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613163233/http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inboard.asp?PCODE=A0105_03&main=1&sub=2&cor=1"><bdi lang="ko">문화</bdi></a> [Culture] (in Korean). Gyeongju City. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inboard.asp?PCODE=A0105_03&main=1&sub=2&cor=1">the original</a> on June 13, 2011. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2Finboard.asp%3FPCODE%3DA0105_03%26main%3D1%26sub%3D2%26cor%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tour.go.kr-136">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tour.go.kr_136-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tour.go.kr_136-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722140524/http://www.tour.go.kr/resource/re_reso_popWin.asp?hiddenRes_cd=4713-C-01702"><bdi lang="ko">황성공원 (隍城公園, Hwangseong park)</bdi></a> (in Korean). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tour.go.kr/resource/re_reso_popWin.asp?hiddenRes_cd=4713-C-01702">the original</a> on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%ED%99%A9%EC%84%B1%EA%B3%B5%EC%9B%90+%28%E9%9A%8D%E5%9F%8E%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92%2C+Hwangseong+park%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tour.go.kr%2Fresource%2Fre_reso_popWin.asp%3FhiddenRes_cd%3D4713-C-01702&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPak,_Jeong-u_(박정우)2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pak, Jeong-u (박정우) (2009-01-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220318033754/https://www.dailian.co.kr/area/news/n_view.html?id=12066&page=17&t_name=dg_news&listpage=/area/news/n_list.html&kind=menu_code&keys=2003&idx="><bdi lang="ko">황성공원 사유지 매입, 시민공간 변모</bdi></a> [Private properties of Hwangseong Park purchased to transform for the public space] (in Korean). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dailian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dailian (page does not exist)">Dailian</a> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%BC%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%88" class="extiw" title="ko:데일리안">ko</a>]. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailian.co.kr/area/news/n_view.html?id=12066&page=17&t_name=dg_news&listpage=/area/news/n_list.html&kind=menu_code&keys=2003&idx=">the original</a> on March 18, 2022. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%ED%99%A9%EC%84%B1%EA%B3%B5%EC%9B%90+%EC%82%AC%EC%9C%A0%EC%A7%80+%EB%A7%A4%EC%9E%85%2C+%EC%8B%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B3%B5%EA%B0%84+%EB%B3%80%EB%AA%A8&rft.date=2009-01-16&rft.au=Pak%2C+Jeong-u+%28%EB%B0%95%EC%A0%95%EC%9A%B0%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailian.co.kr%2Farea%2Fnews%2Fn_view.html%3Fid%3D12066%26page%3D17%26t_name%3Ddg_news%26listpage%3D%2Farea%2Fnews%2Fn_list.html%26kind%3Dmenu_code%26keys%3D2003%26idx%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131023065023/http://guide.gyeongju.go.kr/detail_view/Detail_view.jsp?cid=4933"><bdi lang="ko">황성공원</bdi></a> [Hwangseong Park] (in Korean). Gyeongju U-Tourism. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://guide.gyeongju.go.kr/detail_view/Detail_view.jsp?cid=4933">the original</a> on October 23, 2013. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%ED%99%A9%EC%84%B1%EA%B3%B5%EC%9B%90&rft.pub=Gyeongju+U-Tourism&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fguide.gyeongju.go.kr%2Fdetail_view%2FDetail_view.jsp%3Fcid%3D4933&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071012204448/http://culture.gyeongju.go.kr/culture/tour/tour06_a.asp"><bdi lang="ko">황성공원</bdi></a> [Hwangseong Park] (in Korean). Gyeongju City. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://culture.gyeongju.go.kr/culture/tour/tour06_a.asp">the original</a> on October 12, 2007. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%ED%99%A9%EC%84%B1%EA%B3%B5%EC%9B%90&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fculture.gyeongju.go.kr%2Fculture%2Ftour%2Ftour06_a.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim,_Hyeon-gwan_(김현관)2006" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kim, Hyeon-gwan (김현관) (2006-04-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111002215820/http://idaegu.com/index_sub.html?load=su&bcode=AIAB&no=8112"><bdi lang="ko">'안락한 휴식처 거듭날게요'</bdi></a> [To be reborn as a cozy relaxing place] (in Korean). Daegu Ilbo. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://idaegu.com/index_sub.html?load=su&bcode=AIAB&no=8112">the original</a> on 2011-10-02. Retrieved 2009-09-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27%EC%95%88%EB%9D%BD%ED%95%9C+%ED%9C%B4%EC%8B%9D%EC%B2%98+%EA%B1%B0%EB%93%AD%EB%82%A0%EA%B2%8C%EC%9A%94%27&rft.date=2006-04-10&rft.au=Kim%2C+Hyeon-gwan+%28%EA%B9%80%ED%98%84%EA%B4%80%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fidaegu.com%2Findex_sub.html%3Fload%3Dsu%26bcode%3DAIAB%26no%3D8112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Doosan-141"><a href="#cite_ref-Doosan_141-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=742037&contentno=742037"><bdi lang="ko">황성공원 隍城公園</bdi></a> [Hwangseong Park] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Doosan_Encyclopedia" title="Doosan Encyclopedia">Doosan Encyclopedia</a>. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%ED%99%A9%EC%84%B1%EA%B3%B5%EC%9B%90+%E9%9A%8D%E5%9F%8E%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92&rft.pub=Doosan+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyber.com%2Fsearch_w%2Fctdetail.php%3Fmasterno%3D742037%26contentno%3D742037&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJo,_Sang-un_(조상운)2004" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jo, Sang-un (조상운) (2004-01-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.kukinews.com/article/view.asp?page=1&gCode=kmi&arcid=0919292132&code=12160000"><bdi lang="ko">아테네를 향해 뛰는 사람들 (12―끝) 여자하키) 연휴는 사치...'金'독기</bdi></a> [People running for Athene (12-End) Women's Hockey) Taking a break is a luxury...tenacious for the gold medal] (in Korean). Kookmin Ilbo. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%95%84%ED%85%8C%EB%84%A4%EB%A5%BC+%ED%96%A5%ED%95%B4+%EB%9B%B0%EB%8A%94+%EC%82%AC%EB%9E%8C%EB%93%A4+%2812%E2%80%95%EB%81%9D%29+%EC%97%AC%EC%9E%90%ED%95%98%ED%82%A4%29+%EC%97%B0%ED%9C%B4%EB%8A%94+%EC%82%AC%EC%B9%98...%27%E9%87%91%27%EB%8F%85%EA%B8%B0&rft.date=2004-01-20&rft.au=Jo%2C+Sang-un+%28%EC%A1%B0%EC%83%81%EC%9A%B4%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.kukinews.com%2Farticle%2Fview.asp%3Fpage%3D1%26gCode%3Dkmi%26arcid%3D0919292132%26code%3D12160000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Allstar-143"><a href="#cite_ref-Allstar_143-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee,_Sang-uk_(이상욱2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lee, Sang-uk (이상욱 (2008-12-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722135732/http://www.srbsm.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=9612"><bdi lang="ko">경주시청 이선옥 선수 세계하키 올스타 선정</bdi></a> [Lee Seon-ok of Gyeongju City chosen as a FIH Allstar] (in Korean). Seorabeol Sinmun. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.srbsm.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=9612">the original</a> on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C%EC%B2%AD+%EC%9D%B4%EC%84%A0%EC%98%A5+%EC%84%A0%EC%88%98+%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84%ED%95%98%ED%82%A4+%EC%98%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80+%EC%84%A0%EC%A0%95&rft.date=2008-12-06&rft.au=Lee%2C+Sang-uk+%28%EC%9D%B4%EC%83%81%EC%9A%B1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.srbsm.co.kr%2Fnews%2FarticleView.html%3Fidxno%3D9612&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pohang_KBS-144">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pohang_KBS_144-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pohang_KBS_144-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSin,_A_(신아)2002" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sin, A (신아) (2002-08-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041217042338/http://pohang.kbs.co.kr/bbs/ezboard.cgi?db=k_pohangr5"><bdi lang="ko">(8월28일-수요화제) 경주 하키팀</bdi></a> [(August 28 Wednesday's topic) Gyeognju City Hockey] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Korea_Broadcasting_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Korea Broadcasting System">KBS Pohang</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pohang.kbs.co.kr/bbs/ezboard.cgi?db=k_pohangr5&action=read&dbf=57&page=144&depth=2">the original</a> on 2004-12-17. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%288%EC%9B%9428%EC%9D%BC-%EC%88%98%EC%9A%94%ED%99%94%EC%A0%9C%29+%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC+%ED%95%98%ED%82%A4%ED%8C%80&rft.date=2002-08-28&rft.au=Sin%2C+A+%28%EC%8B%A0%EC%95%84%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpohang.kbs.co.kr%2Fbbs%2Fezboard.cgi%3Fdb%3Dk_pohangr5%26action%3Dread%26dbf%3D57%26page%3D144%26depth%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-shock-145"><a href="#cite_ref-shock_145-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim,_Jong-deuk_(김종득)2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kim, Jong-deuk (김종득) (2009-07-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111008164034/http://www.srbsm.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=12138"><bdi lang="ko">경주시청 하키팀의 열악한 현실 '충격'</bdi></a> [Gyeognju City Hockey in shockingly poor conditions] (in Korean). Seorabeol Sinmun. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.srbsm.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=12138">the original</a> on 2011-10-08. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C%EC%B2%AD+%ED%95%98%ED%82%A4%ED%8C%80%EC%9D%98+%EC%97%B4%EC%95%85%ED%95%9C+%ED%98%84%EC%8B%A4+%27%EC%B6%A9%EA%B2%A9%27&rft.date=2009-07-19&rft.au=Kim%2C+Jong-deuk+%28%EA%B9%80%EC%A2%85%EB%93%9D%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.srbsm.co.kr%2Fnews%2FarticleView.html%3Fidxno%3D12138&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPak,_Jun-u_(박준우)2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pak, Jun-u (박준우) (2008-08-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110818075223/http://idaegu.com/index_sub.html?load=su&bcode=AGAF&no=5590"><bdi lang="ko">경주시청 여자하키팀 우승</bdi></a> [Gyeongju City Women's Hockey team won the championship] (in Korean). Daegul Ilbo. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://idaegu.com/index_sub.html?load=su&bcode=AGAF&no=5590">the original</a> on 2011-08-18. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C%EC%B2%AD+%EC%97%AC%EC%9E%90%ED%95%98%ED%82%A4%ED%8C%80+%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%B9&rft.date=2008-08-03&rft.au=Pak%2C+Jun-u+%28%EB%B0%95%EC%A4%80%EC%9A%B0%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fidaegu.com%2Findex_sub.html%3Fload%3Dsu%26bcode%3DAGAF%26no%3D5590&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee,_Gwon-hyo_(이권효)2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lee, Gwon-hyo (이권효) (2009-04-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.donga.com/fbin/output?f=g__&n=200904070234"><bdi lang="ko">역사+스포츠 도시... 경주 위상 높였죠</bdi></a> [History+Sports city..Raised reputation of Gyeongju] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/The_Dong-A_Ilbo" title="The Dong-A Ilbo">The Dong-A Ilbo</a>. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC%2B%EC%8A%A4%ED%8F%AC%EC%B8%A0+%EB%8F%84%EC%8B%9C...+%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC+%EC%9C%84%EC%83%81+%EB%86%92%EC%98%80%EC%A3%A0&rft.date=2009-04-07&rft.au=Lee%2C+Gwon-hyo+%28%EC%9D%B4%EA%B6%8C%ED%9A%A8%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.donga.com%2Ffbin%2Foutput%3Ff%3Dg__%26n%3D200904070234&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim,_Hyeon-gwan_(김현관)2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kim, Hyeon-gwan (김현관) (2009-04-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120216005155/http://idaegu.com/index_sub.html?load=su&bcode=AGAF&no=5805"><bdi lang="ko">경주 벚꽃마라톤 1만3천명 레이스</bdi></a> (in Korean). Daegu Ilbo. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://idaegu.com/index_sub.html?load=su&bcode=AGAF&no=5805">the original</a> on 2012-02-16. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC+%EB%B2%9A%EA%BD%83%EB%A7%88%EB%9D%BC%ED%86%A4+1%EB%A7%8C3%EC%B2%9C%EB%AA%85+%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4&rft.date=2009-04-05&rft.au=Kim%2C+Hyeon-gwan+%28%EA%B9%80%ED%98%84%EA%B4%80%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fidaegu.com%2Findex_sub.html%3Fload%3Dsu%26bcode%3DAGAF%26no%3D5805&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2004/statistical/005_003.htm">"3. Number of Establishments and workers, by Industry"</a>. Statistical yearbook of Gyeongju 2004. Retrieved 2009-09-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statistical+yearbook+of+Gyeongju+2004&rft.atitle=3.+Number+of+Establishments+and+workers%2C+by+Industry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2Fadministrative%2Fadministrative%2Ftonggye2004%2Fstatistical%2F005_003.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChoe_Jae-hun_(최재훈)2006" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Choe Jae-hun (최재훈) (2006-02-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110612022413/http://www.chosun.com/national/news/200602/200602010568.html"><bdi lang="ko">경주 양성자가속기 유치전 '가속'</bdi></a> (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/The_Chosun_Ilbo" title="The Chosun Ilbo">The Chosun Ilbo</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chosun.com/national/news/200602/200602010568.html">the original</a> on 2011-06-12. Retrieved 2009-09-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC+%EC%96%91%EC%84%B1%EC%9E%90%EA%B0%80%EC%86%8D%EA%B8%B0+%EC%9C%A0%EC%B9%98%EC%A0%84+%27%EA%B0%80%EC%86%8D%27&rft.date=2006-02-01&rft.au=Choe+Jae-hun+%28%EC%B5%9C%EC%9E%AC%ED%9B%88%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chosun.com%2Fnational%2Fnews%2F200602%2F200602010568.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613163438/http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inboard.asp?PCODE=A0105_11&main=1&sub=2&cor=1"><bdi lang="ko">지역경제</bdi></a> [Local economy] (in Korean). Gyeongju city website. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inboard.asp?PCODE=A0105_11&main=1&sub=2&cor=1">the original</a> on June 13, 2011. Retrieved 2009-08-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%A7%80%EC%97%AD%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C&rft.pub=Gyeongju+city+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2Finboard.asp%3FPCODE%3DA0105_11%26main%3D1%26sub%3D2%26cor%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eup_Myeon-152"><a href="#cite_ref-Eup_Myeon_152-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610064001/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=3008029"><bdi lang="ko">경주시의 읍·면</bdi></a> [Eup and myeon of Gyeongju] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=3008029">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C%EC%9D%98+%EC%9D%8D%C2%B7%EB%A9%B4&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3D%26i%3D3008029&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231005095344/http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/7.pdf">"7. Mining and manufacturing; Statistical yearbook of Gyeongju 2008"</a> (PDF). Gyeongju City. pp. 237–239. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/7.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on October 5, 2023. 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Electronics News (전자신문). 2005-06-07. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%9B%94%EC%84%B1%EC%9B%90%EC%A0%84%2C+%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C%EB%AF%BC%EC%83%81+%EC%8B%9C%EC%83%81%EC%8B%9D+%EA%B0%9C%EC%B5%9C&rft.date=2005-06-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elenews.co.kr%2Fnews%2FquickViewArticleView.html%3Fidxno%3D938&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-gynews-171">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gynews_171-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-gynews_171-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHwang,_Myeong-gang_(황명강)2007" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hwang, Myeong-gang (황명강) (2007-09-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110713005053/http://www.igynews.com/sub_read.html?uid=39854&section=sectio"><bdi lang="ko">서라벌대상 수상자 남:서종호, 여:서옥이씨 선정</bdi></a> [Seorabeol Awards go to Seo Jong-ho, Seo Ok-i] (in Korean). Gwangyeok News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.igynews.com/sub_read.html?uid=39854&section=sectio">the original</a> on 2011-07-13. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%84%9C%EB%9D%BC%EB%B2%8C%EB%8C%80%EC%83%81+%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90+%EB%82%A8%3A%EC%84%9C%EC%A2%85%ED%98%B8%2C+%EC%97%AC%3A%EC%84%9C%EC%98%A5%EC%9D%B4%EC%94%A8+%EC%84%A0%EC%A0%95&rft.date=2007-09-19&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Myeong-gang+%28%ED%99%A9%EB%AA%85%EA%B0%95%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.igynews.com%2Fsub_read.html%3Fuid%3D39854%26section%3Dsectio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090130122714/http://www.srbsm.co.kr/com/com-2.html"><bdi lang="ko">발행인인사말</bdi></a> [Publisher's Message] (in Korean). Seorabeol Sinmun. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.srbsm.co.kr/com/com-2.html">the original</a> on 2009-01-30. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EB%B0%9C%ED%96%89%EC%9D%B8%EC%9D%B8%EC%82%AC%EB%A7%90&rft.pub=Seorabeol+Sinmun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.srbsm.co.kr%2Fcom%2Fcom-2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090512133938/http://www.srbsm.co.kr/com/com-1.html">"About"</a> (in Korean). Seorabeol Sinmun. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.srbsm.co.kr/com/com-1.html">the original</a> on 2009-05-12. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About&rft.pub=Seorabeol+Sinmun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.srbsm.co.kr%2Fcom%2Fcom-1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMun,_Seok_(문석)2001" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mun, Seok (문석) (2001-05-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160106112904/http://www.cine21.com/Article/article_view.php?mm=001001001&article_id=2233"><bdi lang="ko">커밍순...<신라의 달밤></bdi></a> [Coming soon..<Kick the Moon>] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Cine21" title="Cine21">Cine21</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cine21.com/Article/article_view.php?mm=001001001&article_id=2233">the original</a> on 2016-01-06. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%BB%A4%EB%B0%8D%EC%88%9C...%3C%EC%8B%A0%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%98+%EB%8B%AC%EB%B0%A4%3E&rft.pub=Cine21&rft.date=2001-05-29&rft.au=Mun%2C+Seok+%28%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9D%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cine21.com%2FArticle%2Farticle_view.php%3Fmm%3D001001001%26article_id%3D2233&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeong,_Seong-il_(정성일)2002" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jeong, Seong-il (정성일) (2002-04-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160106112904/http://www.cine21.com/Article/article_view.php?mm=005001001&article_id=8818"><bdi lang="ko">성일, 상수의 영화를 보고 회전문을 떠올리다</bdi></a> [Seong-il, reminded of a revolving door after watching Sang-su's movie] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Cine21" title="Cine21">Cine21</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cine21.com/Article/article_view.php?mm=005001001&article_id=8818">the original</a> on 2016-01-06. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%84%B1%EC%9D%BC%2C+%EC%83%81%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98+%EC%98%81%ED%99%94%EB%A5%BC+%EB%B3%B4%EA%B3%A0+%ED%9A%8C%EC%A0%84%EB%AC%B8%EC%9D%84+%EB%96%A0%EC%98%AC%EB%A6%AC%EB%8B%A4&rft.pub=Cine21&rft.date=2002-04-12&rft.au=Jeong%2C+Seong-il+%28%EC%A0%95%EC%84%B1%EC%9D%BC%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cine21.com%2FArticle%2Farticle_view.php%3Fmm%3D005001001%26article_id%3D8818&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cine21.com/news/view/mag_id/16483/p/1"><bdi lang="ko">경주서 한국전 배경 전쟁영화 촬영</bdi></a> [Filming a movie in Gyeongju, with a Korean War theme] (in Korean). Yonhap / Cine 21. 2003-01-15. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%84%9C+%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%84+%EB%B0%B0%EA%B2%BD+%EC%A0%84%EC%9F%81%EC%98%81%ED%99%94+%EC%B4%AC%EC%98%81&rft.date=2003-01-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cine21.com%2Fnews%2Fview%2Fmag_id%2F16483%2Fp%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040816173740/http://kr.gugi.yahoo.com/detail/detailInfo/DetailInfoAction.php?tcode=CPN0314&cpncode=CPN03024211"><bdi lang="ko">영화 취화선 촬영지</bdi></a> [Film locations of Chwihwaseon] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahoo! Korea">Yahoo! Korea</a> / Cine 21. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kr.gugi.yahoo.com/detail/detailInfo/DetailInfoAction.php?tcode=CPN0314&cpncode=CPN03024211">the original</a> on 2004-08-16. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%98%81%ED%99%94+%EC%B7%A8%ED%99%94%EC%84%A0+%EC%B4%AC%EC%98%81%EC%A7%80&rft.pub=Yahoo%21+Korea+%2F+Cine+21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkr.gugi.yahoo.com%2Fdetail%2FdetailInfo%2FDetailInfoAction.php%3Ftcode%3DCPN0314%26cpncode%3DCPN03024211&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJang,_Yeong-tae_(장영태)2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jang, Yeong-tae (장영태) (2009-08-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.segyetimes.co.kr/Articles/News/Wholecountry/Article.asp?aid=20090817003424&subctg1=12&subctg2=00"><bdi lang="ko">선덕여왕의 흔적을 따라서...</bdi></a> [In search for tracing Queen Seondeok] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Segye_Ilbo" title="Segye Ilbo">Segye Ilbo</a>. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%84%A0%EB%8D%95%EC%97%AC%EC%99%95%EC%9D%98+%ED%9D%94%EC%A0%81%EC%9D%84+%EB%94%B0%EB%9D%BC%EC%84%9C...&rft.date=2009-08-17&rft.au=Jang%2C+Yeong-tae+%28%EC%9E%A5%EC%98%81%ED%83%9C%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.segyetimes.co.kr%2FArticles%2FNews%2FWholecountry%2FArticle.asp%3Faid%3D20090817003424%26subctg1%3D12%26subctg2%3D00&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJang,_Yeong-tae_(장영태)2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jang, Yeong-tae (장영태) (2009-03-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.segye.com/Articles/Spn/Entertainments/Article.asp?aid=20090326002780&ctg1=05&ctg2=00&subctg1=05&subctg2=00&cid=0101060500000"><bdi lang="ko">드라마 '선덕여왕' 다음달 경주서 본격촬영 돌입</bdi></a> [Drama 'Queen Seondeok', filming will start in Gyeongju from the next month] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Segye_Ilbo" title="Segye Ilbo">Segye Ilbo</a>. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EB%93%9C%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%88+%27%EC%84%A0%EB%8D%95%EC%97%AC%EC%99%95%27+%EB%8B%A4%EC%9D%8C%EB%8B%AC+%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%84%9C+%EB%B3%B8%EA%B2%A9%EC%B4%AC%EC%98%81+%EB%8F%8C%EC%9E%85&rft.date=2009-03-26&rft.au=Jang%2C+Yeong-tae+%28%EC%9E%A5%EC%98%81%ED%83%9C%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.segye.com%2FArticles%2FSpn%2FEntertainments%2FArticle.asp%3Faid%3D20090326002780%26ctg1%3D05%26ctg2%3D00%26subctg1%3D05%26subctg2%3D00%26cid%3D0101060500000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> Doniger, Wendy (2006) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IDsk47MeksAC&pg=PA482">Britannica Encyclopedia of World Religions</a> Encyclopædia Britannica, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59339-491-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-59339-491-8">1-59339-491-8</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050103022341/http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=172671&contentno=172671"><bdi lang="ko">화랑도 花郞徒</bdi></a> [Hwarangdo] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Doosan_Encyclopedia" title="Doosan Encyclopedia">Doosan Encyclopedia</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=172671&contentno=172671">the original</a> on 2005-01-03. Retrieved 2009-09-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%ED%99%94%EB%9E%91%EB%8F%84+%E8%8A%B1%E9%83%9E%E5%BE%92&rft.pub=Doosan+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyber.com%2Fsearch_w%2Fctdetail.php%3Fmasterno%3D172671%26contentno%3D172671&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gyeongju_City-182"><a href="#cite_ref-Gyeongju_City_182-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722140259/http://eguide.gj.go.kr/detail_view/Detail_view.jsp?cid=8283&tab=1">"Gyeongju Hyanggyo (a local school annexed to the Confucian shrine)"</a>. Gyeongju City-Transportation System. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eguide.gj.go.kr/detail_view/Detail_view.jsp?cid=8283&tab=1">the original</a> on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2009-08-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gyeongju+Hyanggyo+%28a+local+school+annexed+to+the+Confucian+shrine%29&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City-Transportation+System&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feguide.gj.go.kr%2Fdetail_view%2FDetail_view.jsp%3Fcid%3D8283%26tab%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Education-183">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Education_183-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Education_183-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610055533/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=3008024"><bdi lang="ko">경주시의 교육·문화</bdi></a> [Education and culture of Gyeongju] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=3008024">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9C%EC%9D%98+%EA%B5%90%EC%9C%A1%C2%B7%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3D%26i%3D3008024&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20041016160806/http://www.kbgjed.go.kr/edu/main1.asp"><bdi lang="ko">학교현황</bdi></a>. Gyeongju Bureau of Education website (in Korean). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kbgjed.go.kr/edu/main1.asp">the original</a> on 2004-10-16. Retrieved 2005-07-22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gyeongju+Bureau+of+Education+website&rft.atitle=%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90%ED%98%84%ED%99%A9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kbgjed.go.kr%2Fedu%2Fmain1.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=705561&contentno=705561"><bdi lang="ko">서라벌대학 Sorabol College 徐羅伐大學</bdi></a> (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Doosan_Encyclopedia" title="Doosan Encyclopedia">Doosan Encyclopedia</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%84%9C%EB%9D%BC%EB%B2%8C%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99+Sorabol+College+%E5%BE%90%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%90%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8&rft.pub=Doosan+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyber.com%2Fsearch_w%2Fctdetail.php%3Fmasterno%3D705561%26contentno%3D705561&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim,_Hui-jeong_(김희정)2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kim, Hui-jeong (김희정) (2009-08-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220328073241/https://www.dailian.co.kr/area/news/n_view.html?t_name=dg_news&id=15282"><bdi lang="ko">뜨는' 직종 따라 신설학과도 뜬다?</bdi></a> [New departments becoming popular according to popular jobs?] (in Korean). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dailian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dailian (page does not exist)">Dailian</a> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%BC%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%88" class="extiw" title="ko:데일리안">ko</a>]. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailian.co.kr/area/news/n_view.html?t_name=dg_news&id=15282">the original</a> on March 28, 2022. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EB%9C%A8%EB%8A%94%27+%EC%A7%81%EC%A2%85+%EB%94%B0%EB%9D%BC+%EC%8B%A0%EC%84%A4%ED%95%99%EA%B3%BC%EB%8F%84+%EB%9C%AC%EB%8B%A4%3F&rft.date=2009-08-03&rft.au=Kim%2C+Hui-jeong+%28%EA%B9%80%ED%9D%AC%EC%A0%95%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailian.co.kr%2Farea%2Fnews%2Fn_view.html%3Ft_name%3Ddg_news%26id%3D15282&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610060021/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?i=295878"><bdi lang="ko">동국대학교 (東國大學校)</bdi></a> [Dongguk University] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?i=295878">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EB%8F%99%EA%B5%AD%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90+%28%E6%9D%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1%29&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fi%3D295878&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610060046/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?i=300450"><bdi lang="ko">위덕대학교 (威德大學校)</bdi></a> [Uiduk University] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?i=300450">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%9C%84%EB%8D%95%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90+%28%E5%A8%81%E5%BE%B7%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1%29&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fi%3D300450&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYu,_Nam-gyeong_(유남경)2004" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yu, Nam-gyeong (유남경) (2004-02-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120308065558/http://www.manbulshinmun.com/upload_html/200402/200402120015.ASP?gb=0010&no=200402120015"><bdi lang="ko">독점 아닌 공유, 학문발전 지름길</bdi></a> [Instead of monopoly, sharing is a fast way for development of scholarship] (in Korean). Manbul Sinmun. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manbulshinmun.com/upload_html/200402/200402120015.ASP?gb=0010&no=200402120015">the original</a> on 2012-03-08. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EB%8F%85%EC%A0%90+%EC%95%84%EB%8B%8C+%EA%B3%B5%EC%9C%A0%2C+%ED%95%99%EB%AC%B8%EB%B0%9C%EC%A0%84+%EC%A7%80%EB%A6%84%EA%B8%B8&rft.date=2004-02-14&rft.au=Yu%2C+Nam-gyeong+%28%EC%9C%A0%EB%82%A8%EA%B2%BD%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manbulshinmun.com%2Fupload_html%2F200402%2F200402120015.ASP%3Fgb%3D0010%26no%3D200402120015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYun,_Seung-heon,_(윤승헌)2006" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yun, Seung-heon, (윤승헌) (2006-11-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120308133635/http://www.manbulshinmun.com/upload_html/200611/200611070012.ASP?gb=&no=200611070012"><bdi lang="ko">(인터뷰) 개교 10주년 맞은 위덕대 한재숙 총장</bdi></a> [(Inverview) The president, Han Jae-suk of Uiduk University in the 10th year of the foundation.] (in Korean). Manbul Sinmun. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manbulshinmun.com/upload_html/200611/200611070012.ASP?gb=&no=200611070012">the original</a> on 2012-03-08. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%28%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%B7%B0%29+%EA%B0%9C%EA%B5%90+10%EC%A3%BC%EB%85%84+%EB%A7%9E%EC%9D%80+%EC%9C%84%EB%8D%95%EB%8C%80+%ED%95%9C%EC%9E%AC%EC%88%99+%EC%B4%9D%EC%9E%A5&rft.date=2006-11-07&rft.au=Yun%2C+Seung-heon%2C+%28%EC%9C%A4%EC%8A%B9%ED%97%8C%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manbulshinmun.com%2Fupload_html%2F200611%2F200611070012.ASP%3Fgb%3D%26no%3D200611070012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610060102/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?i=289144"><bdi lang="ko">경주대학교 (慶州大學校)</bdi></a> [Gyeongju University] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?i=289144">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90+%28%E6%85%B6%E5%B7%9E%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1%29&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fi%3D289144&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230325071650/http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/12.pdf">"Statistical yearbook of Gyeongju 2008 : 12. Health and Social Security"</a> (PDF). Gyeongju City. pp. 343–344. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/administrative/administrative/tonggye2008/12.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on March 25, 2023. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statistical+yearbook+of+Gyeongju+2008+%3A+12.+Health+and+Social+Security&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E343-%3C%2Fspan%3E344&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2Fadministrative%2Fadministrative%2Ftonggye2008%2F12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim_Gyeong-yeop_(김경엽)2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kim Gyeong-yeop (김경엽) (2008-05-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613224236/http://news.hankooki.com/lpage/society/200805/h2008052202485874990.htm"><bdi lang="ko">(경북) 동국대 의대 일산 이전 '먹튀' 논란</bdi></a> [(Gyeongbuk) Controversies over the plan of Dongguk University Medical School to move to Ilsan] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Hankook_Ilbo" title="Hankook Ilbo">Hankook Ilbo</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.hankooki.com/lpage/society/200805/h2008052202485874990.htm">the original</a> on 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%28%EA%B2%BD%EB%B6%81%29+%EB%8F%99%EA%B5%AD%EB%8C%80+%EC%9D%98%EB%8C%80+%EC%9D%BC%EC%82%B0+%EC%9D%B4%EC%A0%84+%27%EB%A8%B9%ED%8A%80%27+%EB%85%BC%EB%9E%80&rft.date=2008-05-22&rft.au=Kim+Gyeong-yeop+%28%EA%B9%80%EA%B2%BD%EC%97%BD%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.hankooki.com%2Flpage%2Fsociety%2F200805%2Fh2008052202485874990.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIm,_Na-jeong_(임나정)2006" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Im, Na-jeong (임나정) (2006-08-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20110723033007/http://www.buddhistnews.net/archive/75161/200608101155178291.asp"><bdi lang="ko">개원 15주년 동국대 경주병원, 제2도약 준비</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulgyo_Sinmun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulgyo Sinmun (page does not exist)">Bulgyo Sinmun</a> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%88%EA%B5%90%EC%8B%A0%EB%AC%B8" class="extiw" title="ko:불교신문">ko</a>] (in Korean) (2251). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buddhistnews.net/archive/75161/200608101155178291.asp">the original</a> on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulgyo+Sinmun%3Cspan+class%3D%22noprint%22+style%3D%22font-size%3A85%25%3B+font-style%3A+normal%3B+%22%3E+%26%2391%3Bko%26%2393%3B%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft.atitle=%EA%B0%9C%EC%9B%90+15%EC%A3%BC%EB%85%84+%EB%8F%99%EA%B5%AD%EB%8C%80+%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EB%B3%91%EC%9B%90%2C+%EC%A0%9C2%EB%8F%84%EC%95%BD+%EC%A4%80%EB%B9%84&rft.issue=2251&rft.date=2006-08-09&rft.au=Im%2C+Na-jeong+%28%EC%9E%84%EB%82%98%EC%A0%95%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buddhistnews.net%2Farchive%2F75161%2F200608101155178291.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610062824/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=B&i=217469&v=42"><bdi lang="ko">동국대학교 경주병원 東國大學校慶州病院</bdi></a> [Dogguk University Gyeongju Hospital] (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=B&i=217469&v=42">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EB%8F%99%EA%B5%AD%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90+%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EB%B3%91%EC%9B%90+%E6%9D%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1%E6%85%B6%E5%B7%9E%E7%97%85%E9%99%A2&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3DB%26i%3D217469%26v%3D42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718083305/http://www.idaegu.co.kr/new_gisa.html?uid=173596&part=peo"><bdi lang="ko">경주동산병원장 김재룡</bdi></a> [Kim Jae-ryeong, the head chief of Gyeongju Dongsan Hospital] (in Korean). Daegu Ilbo. 2008-10-02. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idaegu.co.kr/new_gisa.html?uid=173596&part=peo">the original</a> on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC%EB%8F%99%EC%82%B0%EB%B3%91%EC%9B%90%EC%9E%A5+%EA%B9%80%EC%9E%AC%EB%A3%A1&rft.date=2008-10-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.idaegu.co.kr%2Fnew_gisa.html%3Fuid%3D173596%26part%3Dpeo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613163356/http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inboard.asp?PCODE=A0105_10&main=1&sub=2&cor=1"><bdi lang="ko">상하수도</bdi></a> [Water supply and sewage service] (in Korean). Gyeongju City. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gyeongju.go.kr/inboard.asp?PCODE=A0105_10&main=1&sub=2&cor=1">the original</a> on June 13, 2011. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%83%81%ED%95%98%EC%88%98%EB%8F%84&rft.pub=Gyeongju+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2Finboard.asp%3FPCODE%3DA0105_10%26main%3D1%26sub%3D2%26cor%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYonhap_News2005" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yonhap News (2005-04-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130218203620/http://info.waternow.go.kr/jsp/search/search.jsp?query=%C8%AF%B0%E6&target=news&detail_target=&page=34&resultcount=10&sortfield=score&sortorder=desc&range=all&resrch=no&mode=paging"><bdi lang="ko">경주 안강하수처리장 준공</bdi></a> [The completion of the Angang Sewage Disposal Plant in Gyeongju] (in Korean). Ministry of Environment of South Korea. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info.waternow.go.kr/jsp/search/search.jsp?query=%C8%AF%B0%E6&target=news&detail_target=&page=34&resultcount=10&sortfield=score&sortorder=desc&range=all&resrch=no&mode=paging">the original</a> on 2013-02-18. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC+%EC%95%88%EA%B0%95%ED%95%98%EC%88%98%EC%B2%98%EB%A6%AC%EC%9E%A5+%EC%A4%80%EA%B3%B5&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Environment+of+South+Korea&rft.date=2005-04-28&rft.au=Yonhap+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finfo.waternow.go.kr%2Fjsp%2Fsearch%2Fsearch.jsp%3Fquery%3D%25C8%25AF%25B0%25E6%26target%3Dnews%26detail_target%3D%26page%3D34%26resultcount%3D10%26sortfield%3Dscore%26sortorder%3Ddesc%26range%3Dall%26resrch%3Dno%26mode%3Dpaging&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee,_Seung-hyeong_(이승형)" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lee, Seung-hyeong (이승형). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/society/2009/08/20/0706000000AKR20090820129700053.HTML"><bdi lang="ko">경주 재활용 선별장 갈등 해법 못찾나</bdi></a> [No way to resolve the conflicts over Gyeongju's recycling center?] (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Yonhap_News_Agency" title="Yonhap News Agency">Yonhap News Agency</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B2%BD%EC%A3%BC+%EC%9E%AC%ED%99%9C%EC%9A%A9+%EC%84%A0%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%A5+%EA%B0%88%EB%93%B1+%ED%95%B4%EB%B2%95+%EB%AA%BB%EC%B0%BE%EB%82%98&rft.au=Lee%2C+Seung-hyeong+%28%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%B9%ED%98%95%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yonhapnews.co.kr%2Fsociety%2F2009%2F08%2F20%2F0706000000AKR20090820129700053.HTML&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610062531/http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=1014764&v=43"><bdi lang="ko">서라벌도시가스주식회사 -都市-株式會社, SEORABEOL CITY GAS Co., Ltd</bdi></a> (in Korean). Nate / Encyclopedia of Korean Culture. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://100.nate.com/dicsearch/pentry.html?s=&i=1014764&v=43">the original</a> on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EC%84%9C%EB%9D%BC%EB%B2%8C%EB%8F%84%EC%8B%9C%EA%B0%80%EC%8A%A4%EC%A3%BC%EC%8B%9D%ED%9A%8C%EC%82%AC+-%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82-%E6%A0%AA%E5%BC%8F%E6%9C%83%E7%A4%BE%2C+SEORABEOL+CITY+GAS+Co.%2C+Ltd&rft.pub=Nate+%2F+Encyclopedia+of+Korean+Culture&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F100.nate.com%2Fdicsearch%2Fpentry.html%3Fs%3D%26i%3D1014764%26v%3D43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090515030705/http://www.candu.org/khnp.html">"KHNP Fact Sheet"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CANDU_Owners_Group" title="CANDU Owners Group">CANDU Owners Group</a> website. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.candu.org/khnp.html">the original</a> on May 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=KHNP+Fact+Sheet&rft.pub=CANDU+Owners+Group+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.candu.org%2Fkhnp.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> See also <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716084817/http://www.khnp.co.kr/wolsong/Official">site</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Star-202">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Star_202-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Star_202-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com/Business/article/254895">"ATS wins South Korea nuclear deal"</a>. TheStar.com. <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Press">Canadian Press</a>. 2007-09-10. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TheStar.com&rft.atitle=ATS+wins+South+Korea+nuclear+deal&rft.date=2007-09-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2FBusiness%2Farticle%2F254895&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100201040203/http://eng.knef.or.kr/nuclear/nuclear5.asp">"Wolseong Nuclear Power plant"</a>. Korea Neclear Energy Foundation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eng.knef.or.kr/nuclear/nuclear5.asp">the original</a> on 2010-02-01. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wolseong+Nuclear+Power+plant&rft.pub=Korea+Neclear+Energy+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feng.knef.or.kr%2Fnuclear%2Fnuclear5.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWald,_Matthew_L.1991" class="citation news cs1">Wald, Matthew L. (1991-01-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/10/business/talking-deals-help-for-canada-s-nuclear-industry.html">"TALKING DEALS; Help for Canada's Nuclear Industry"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=TALKING+DEALS%3B+Help+for+Canada%27s+Nuclear+Industry&rft.date=1991-01-10&rft.au=Wald%2C+Matthew+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F01%2F10%2Fbusiness%2Ftalking-deals-help-for-canada-s-nuclear-industry.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Park,_T;_Choi,_J-205"><a href="#cite_ref-Park,_T;_Choi,_J_205-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPark_T.Choi_J.2012" class="citation report cs1">Park T.; Choi J. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nuke.hun.edu.tr/tr/webfiles/Activities/KEPCONF_DOOSAN/Workshop/Presentations/1_1600_1630_9%20Radioactive%20Waste%20Management%20in%20Korea-KAERI.pdf">Radioactive Waste Management in Korea</a> (PDF) (Report). Haceteppe University, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Radioactive+Waste+Management+in+Korea&rft.pub=Haceteppe+University%2C+Korea+Atomic+Energy+Research+Institute&rft.date=2012&rft.au=Park+T.&rft.au=Choi+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nuke.hun.edu.tr%2Ftr%2Fwebfiles%2FActivities%2FKEPCONF_DOOSAN%2FWorkshop%2FPresentations%2F1_1600_1630_9%2520Radioactive%2520Waste%2520Management%2520in%2520Korea-KAERI.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FNCA-206"><a href="#cite_ref-FNCA_206-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFNCA2007" class="citation report cs1">FNCA (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fnca.mext.go.jp/english/rwm/news_img/rwm_cr03-05_r004.pdf">FNCA consolidated Report: Radioactive Waste Management in Korea</a> (PDF) (Report). FNCA.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=FNCA+consolidated+Report%3A+Radioactive+Waste+Management+in+Korea&rft.pub=FNCA&rft.date=2007&rft.au=FNCA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fnca.mext.go.jp%2Fenglish%2Frwm%2Fnews_img%2Frwm_cr03-05_r004.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee_Jeong-hun_(이정훈)2006" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lee Jeong-hun (이정훈) (2006-10-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110713161639/http://www.kmrnews.com/ynews/ynews_view.php?pid=1246&code=NS06"><bdi lang="ko">직도지원책, 고군산연결도로사업 청신</bdi></a> (in Korean). KMR News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kmrnews.com/ynews/ynews_view.php?pid=1246&code=NS06">the original</a> on 2011-07-13. Retrieved 2009-08-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%A7%81%EB%8F%84%EC%A7%80%EC%9B%90%EC%B1%85%2C+%EA%B3%A0%EA%B5%B0%EC%82%B0%EC%97%B0%EA%B2%B0%EB%8F%84%EB%A1%9C%EC%82%AC%EC%97%85+%EC%B2%AD%EC%8B%A0&rft.date=2006-10-11&rft.au=Lee+Jeong-hun+%28%EC%9D%B4%EC%A0%95%ED%9B%88%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kmrnews.com%2Fynews%2Fynews_view.php%3Fpid%3D1246%26code%3DNS06&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><a href="#cite_ref-208">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=761941&contentno=761941">"Route 4"</a> (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Doosan_Encyclopedia" title="Doosan Encyclopedia">Doosan Encyclopedia</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Route+4&rft.pub=Doosan+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyber.com%2Fsearch_w%2Fctdetail.php%3Fmasterno%3D761941%26contentno%3D761941&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-209"><a href="#cite_ref-209">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?gs=wsmasterno=761948&contentno=761948">"Route 7"</a> (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Doosan_Encyclopedia" title="Doosan Encyclopedia">Doosan Encyclopedia</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Route+7&rft.pub=Doosan+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyber.com%2Fsearch_w%2Fctdetail.php%3Fgs%3Dwsmasterno%3D761948%26contentno%3D761948&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?gs=wsmasterno=761948&contentno=761948">"Route 14"</a> (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Doosan_Encyclopedia" title="Doosan Encyclopedia">Doosan Encyclopedia</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Route+14&rft.pub=Doosan+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyber.com%2Fsearch_w%2Fctdetail.php%3Fgs%3Dwsmasterno%3D761948%26contentno%3D761948&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=761954&contentno=761954">"Route 20"</a> (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Doosan_Encyclopedia" title="Doosan Encyclopedia">Doosan Encyclopedia</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Route+20&rft.pub=Doosan+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyber.com%2Fsearch_w%2Fctdetail.php%3Fmasterno%3D761954%26contentno%3D761954&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?gs=wsmasterno=761962&contentno=761962">"Route 28"</a> (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Doosan_Encyclopedia" title="Doosan Encyclopedia">Doosan Encyclopedia</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Route+28&rft.pub=Doosan+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyber.com%2Fsearch_w%2Fctdetail.php%3Fgs%3Dwsmasterno%3D761962%26contentno%3D761962&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=761965&contentno=761965">"Route 31"</a> (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Doosan_Encyclopedia" title="Doosan Encyclopedia">Doosan Encyclopedia</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Route+31&rft.pub=Doosan+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyber.com%2Fsearch_w%2Fctdetail.php%3Fmasterno%3D761965%26contentno%3D761965&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=761969&contentno=761969">"Route 35"</a> (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/Doosan_Encyclopedia" title="Doosan Encyclopedia">Doosan Encyclopedia</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Route+35&rft.pub=Doosan+Encyclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyber.com%2Fsearch_w%2Fctdetail.php%3Fmasterno%3D761969%26contentno%3D761969&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kobus.co.kr/main.do">"Official Express Bus Website"</a> [Transport information – Express/Cross-country buses]. Kobus.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Express+Bus+Website&rft.pub=Kobus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kobus.co.kr%2Fmain.do&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJo,_Min-hui2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jo, Min-hui (2009-02-12). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kookje.co.kr/news2006/asp/center.asp?gbn=v&code=0300&key=20090213.22003213912"><bdi lang="ko">서울~부산 30분 단축 '완행 KTX'시대 끝난다</bdi></a> (in Korean). <a href="/wiki/The_Kookje_Daily_News" title="The Kookje Daily News">The Kookje Daily News</a>. Retrieved 2009-08-06. <q>KTX 2단계 구간(동대구~경주~울산~부산 123㎞)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EC%84%9C%EC%9A%B8~%EB%B6%80%EC%82%B0+30%EB%B6%84+%EB%8B%A8%EC%B6%95+%27%EC%99%84%ED%96%89+KTX%27%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80+%EB%81%9D%EB%82%9C%EB%8B%A4&rft.date=2009-02-12&rft.au=Jo%2C+Min-hui&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kookje.co.kr%2Fnews2006%2Fasp%2Fcenter.asp%3Fgbn%3Dv%26code%3D0300%26key%3D20090213.22003213912&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-217"><a href="#cite_ref-217">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee,_Jong-hun2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lee, Jong-hun (2009-07-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120801151335/http://www.idaegu.co.kr/new_gisa.html?uid=193016&part=%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C"><bdi lang="ko">경북도, KTX역세권 개발계획</bdi></a> [North Gyeongsang province, KTX station areas under the development plan] (in Korean). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idaegu.co.kr/new_gisa.html?uid=193016&part=%EC%82%AC%ED%9A%8C">the original</a> on 2012-08-01. Retrieved 2009-08-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%EA%B2%BD%EB%B6%81%EB%8F%84%2C+KTX%EC%97%AD%EC%84%B8%EA%B6%8C+%EA%B0%9C%EB%B0%9C%EA%B3%84%ED%9A%8D&rft.date=2009-07-08&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jong-hun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.idaegu.co.kr%2Fnew_gisa.html%3Fuid%3D193016%26part%3D%25EC%2582%25AC%25ED%259A%258C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gyeongju.go.kr/open_content/eng/page.do?mnu_uid=1369&">"Sister Cities"</a>. gyeongju.go.kr. Gyeongju. Retrieved 2020-04-13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gyeongju.go.kr&rft.atitle=Sister+Cities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gyeongju.go.kr%2Fopen_content%2Feng%2Fpage.do%3Fmnu_uid%3D1369%26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGyeongju" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Breen, Michael (1999) The Koreans: who they are, what they want, where their future lies Macmillan, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-24211-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-24211-5">0-312-24211-5</a></li> <li>Cherry, Judith (2001), Korean multinationals in Europe, Routledge Advances in Korean Studies, Routledge, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7007-1480-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7007-1480-4">0-7007-1480-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumings,_Bruce" class="mw-redirect" title="Cumings, Bruce">Cumings, Bruce</a> (1997). Korea's place in the sun: A modern history. New York: Norton. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-31681-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-31681-5">0-393-31681-5</a></li> <li>Kang, Bong W. (2002). A study of success and failure in the water management of the Buk Chun in Kyongju, Korea. Paper delivered at the Eighteenth Congress of the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage. (Electronic Version).</li> <li>Kang, Jae-eun; Lee, Suzanne. (2006) The land of scholars: two thousand years of Korean Confucianism Homa & Sekey Books, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-931907-37-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-931907-37-4">1-931907-37-4</a></li> <li>Kim, Chang-hyun (August, 2008), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dbpia.co.kr/view/ar_view.asp?arid=1105741">The Position and the Administration System of Donggyeong in Koryeo Dynasty</a>, (in Korean) Dongguk University, Silla Culture, issue 32, pp. 1–43</li> <li>Kim, Chong-un; Fulton, Bruce, (1998) A ready-made life: early masters of modern Korean fiction, University of Hawaii Press, pp. 107–120, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8248-2071-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8248-2071-1">0-8248-2071-1</a></li> <li>Kim, Deok-muk, (2003) 전국의 기도터와 굿당 (Jeon-gukui gidoteo wa gutdang. Tr. "Sites of Buddhist prayer and shamanic practice nationwide"), (in Korean), 한국민속기록보존소 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/89-953630-3-7" title="Special:BookSources/89-953630-3-7">89-953630-3-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim,_Won-yong" class="mw-redirect" title="Kim, Won-yong">Kim, Won-yong</a>. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927212651/http://www.ekoreajournal.net/archive/detail.jsp?VOLUMENO=22&BOOKNUM=9&PAPERNUM=3&TOTALSEARCH=Kyongju&AUTHORENAME=&PAPERTITLE=&KEYWORD=&PAPERTYPE=0&SUBJECT=0&STARTYEAR=&ENDYEAR=&LISTOPTION=1&KEYPAGE=10&PAGE=1">Kyŏngju: The homeland of Korean culture</a>. Korea Journal 22(9), pp. 25–32.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kookmin_University" title="Kookmin University">Kookmin University</a>, Department of Korean History (2004) "경주문화권 (Gyeongju Munhwagwon. The Gyeongju cultural area)", Seoul:역사공간 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/89-90848-02-4" title="Special:BookSources/89-90848-02-4">89-90848-02-4</a></li> <li>Korean Overseas Information Service, (2003), Handbook of Korea (11th ed.), Seoul, Hollym, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56591-212-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-56591-212-8">1-56591-212-8</a></li> <li>Lee, Ki-baek; Tr. by E.W. Wagner & E.J. Schulz, (1984), A new history of Korea (rev. ed.), Seoul, Ilchogak, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/89-337-0204-0" title="Special:BookSources/89-337-0204-0">89-337-0204-0</a></li> <li>Nilsen, Robert, South Korea, Moon Handbooks, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56691-418-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-56691-418-3">1-56691-418-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Oppenheim" title="Robert M. Oppenheim">Oppenheim, Robert</a>. (2008) Kyŏngju things: assembling place, University of Michigan Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-472-05030-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-472-05030-3">0-472-05030-3</a></li> <li>Ring, Trudy; Robert M. Salkin, Paul E Schellinger, Sharon La Boda (1996) International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania Taylor & Francis, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-884964-04-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-884964-04-4">1-884964-04-4</a></li> <li>Robinson, Martin; Ray Bartlett, Rob Whyte (2007), Korea Lonely Planet, pp. 197–209, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-74104-558-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-74104-558-4">1-74104-558-4</a></li> <li>Rutt, Richard; Hoare, James. (1999) Korea: a historical and cultural dictionary, Durham East-Asia series. Routledge. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7007-0464-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-7007-0464-7">0-7007-0464-7</a></li> <li>Sundaram, Jomo Kwame. (2003) Manufacturing competitiveness in Asia: how internationally competitive national firms and industries developed in East Asia, Routledge, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-29922-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-29922-5">0-415-29922-5</a></li> <li>Tamásy, Christine; Taylor, Mike. (2008) Globalising Worlds and New Economic Configurations, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7546-7377-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7546-7377-4">0-7546-7377-4</a></li> <li>Yi, Sŭng-hwan; Song, Jaeyoon (translation) (2005) A topography of Confucian discourse: politico-philosophical reflections on Confucian discourse since modernity, Homa & Sekey Books, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-931907-27-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-931907-27-7">1-931907-27-7</a></li> <li>Yu, Hong-jun; (translation) Mueller, Charles M., (1999) Smiles of the baby Buddha: appreciating the cultural heritage of Kyŏngju, Changbi (창비), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/89-364-7056-6" title="Special:BookSources/89-364-7056-6">89-364-7056-6</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> has media related to: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Gyeongju" class="extiw" title="commons:Gyeongju">Gyeongju</a> (<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gyeongju" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gyeongju">category</a>)</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Gyeongju#Q42097" class="extiw" title="voy:Gyeongju">Gyeongju</a> travel guide from Wikivoyage</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gyeongju.go.kr/open_content/eng/index.do">City of Gyeongju Government official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://guide.gyeongju.go.kr/deploy/eng/">Gyeongju Guide official website</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="North_Gyeongsang_Province216" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:North_Gyeongsang_Province" title="Template:North Gyeongsang Province"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_Gyeongsang_Province" title="Template talk:North Gyeongsang Province"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:North_Gyeongsang_Province" title="Special:EditPage/Template:North Gyeongsang Province"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="North_Gyeongsang_Province216" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/North_Gyeongsang_Province" title="North Gyeongsang Province">North Gyeongsang Province</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Andong" title="Andong">Andong</a> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><a href="/wiki/File:South_Korea-North_Gyeongsang.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/South_Korea-North_Gyeongsang.svg/100px-South_Korea-North_Gyeongsang.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/South_Korea-North_Gyeongsang.svg/150px-South_Korea-North_Gyeongsang.svg.png 1.5x, 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</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_South_Korea" title="List of cities in South Korea">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andong" title="Andong">Andong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimcheon" title="Gimcheon">Gimcheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gumi,_North_Gyeongsang" title="Gumi, North Gyeongsang">Gumi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gyeongju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyeongsan" title="Gyeongsan">Gyeongsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mungyeong" title="Mungyeong">Mungyeong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangju" title="Sangju">Sangju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeongcheon" title="Yeongcheon">Yeongcheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeongju" title="Yeongju">Yeongju</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="List of counties in South Korea">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonghwa_County" title="Bonghwa County">Bonghwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheongdo_County" title="Cheongdo County">Cheongdo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheongsong_County" title="Cheongsong County">Cheongsong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilgok_County" title="Chilgok County">Chilgok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goryeong_County" title="Goryeong County">Goryeong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seongju_County" title="Seongju County">Seongju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uiseong_County" title="Uiseong County">Uiseong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uljin_County" title="Uljin County">Uljin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulleung_County" title="Ulleung County">Ulleung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yecheon_County" title="Yecheon County">Yecheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeongdeok_County" title="Yeongdeok County">Yeongdeok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeongyang_County" title="Yeongyang County">Yeongyang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities_in_South_Korea448" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cities_in_South_Korea" title="Template:Cities in South Korea"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cities_in_South_Korea" title="Template talk:Cities in South Korea"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cities_in_South_Korea" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cities in South Korea"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities_in_South_Korea448" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_South_Korea" title="List of cities in South Korea">Cities in South Korea</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_cities_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Special cities of South Korea">Special city</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_cities_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Special cities of South Korea">Metropolitan city</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daegu" title="Daegu">Daegu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daejeon" title="Daejeon">Daejeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwangju" title="Gwangju">Gwangju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incheon" title="Incheon">Incheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulsan" title="Ulsan">Ulsan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_cities_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Special cities of South Korea">Special autonomous city</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sejong_City" title="Sejong City">Sejong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities of South Korea">Big municipal city</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ansan" title="Ansan">Ansan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anyang,_Gyeonggi" title="Anyang, Gyeonggi">Anyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucheon" title="Bucheon">Bucheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changwon" title="Changwon">Changwon</a>※</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheonan" title="Cheonan">Cheonan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheongju" title="Cheongju">Cheongju</a>※</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimhae" title="Gimhae">Gimhae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goyang" title="Goyang">Goyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hwaseong,_Gyeonggi" title="Hwaseong, Gyeonggi">Hwaseong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeonju" title="Jeonju">Jeonju</a>※</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namyangju" title="Namyangju">Namyangju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pohang" title="Pohang">Pohang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seongnam" title="Seongnam">Seongnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suwon" title="Suwon">Suwon</a>※</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongin" title="Yongin">Yongin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities of South Korea">Municipal city</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andong" title="Andong">Andong</a>※</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anseong" title="Anseong">Anseong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asan" title="Asan">Asan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boryeong" title="Boryeong">Boryeong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuncheon" title="Chuncheon">Chuncheon</a>※</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chungju" title="Chungju">Chungju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dangjin" title="Dangjin">Dangjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongducheon" title="Dongducheon">Dongducheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donghae_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Donghae City">Donghae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangneung" title="Gangneung">Gangneung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoje" title="Geoje">Geoje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimcheon" title="Gimcheon">Gimcheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimje" title="Gimje">Gimje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimpo" title="Gimpo">Gimpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gongju" title="Gongju">Gongju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gumi,_North_Gyeongsang" title="Gumi, North Gyeongsang">Gumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunpo" title="Gunpo">Gunpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guri" title="Guri">Guri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunsan" title="Gunsan">Gunsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwacheon" title="Gwacheon">Gwacheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwangju,_Gyeonggi" title="Gwangju, Gyeonggi">Gwangju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwangmyeong" title="Gwangmyeong">Gwangmyeong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwangyang" title="Gwangyang">Gwangyang</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gyeongju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyeongsan" title="Gyeongsan">Gyeongsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyeryong" title="Gyeryong">Gyeryong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanam" title="Hanam">Hanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icheon" title="Icheon">Icheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iksan" title="Iksan">Iksan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jecheon" title="Jecheon">Jecheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeongeup" title="Jeongeup">Jeongeup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinju" title="Jinju">Jinju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miryang" title="Miryang">Miryang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mokpo" title="Mokpo">Mokpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mungyeong" title="Mungyeong">Mungyeong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namwon" title="Namwon">Namwon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naju" title="Naju">Naju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonsan" title="Nonsan">Nonsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osan" title="Osan">Osan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paju" title="Paju">Paju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocheon" title="Pocheon">Pocheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyeongtaek" title="Pyeongtaek">Pyeongtaek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacheon" title="Sacheon">Sacheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samcheok" title="Samcheok">Samcheok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangju" title="Sangju">Sangju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seosan" title="Seosan">Seosan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siheung" title="Siheung">Siheung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokcho" title="Sokcho">Sokcho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suncheon" title="Suncheon">Suncheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taebaek" title="Taebaek">Taebaek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongyeong" title="Tongyeong">Tongyeong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uijeongbu" title="Uijeongbu">Uijeongbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uiwang" title="Uiwang">Uiwang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonju" title="Wonju">Wonju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangju" title="Yangju">Yangju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangsan" title="Yangsan">Yangsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeoju" title="Yeoju">Yeoju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeongcheon" title="Yeongcheon">Yeongcheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeongju" title="Yeongju">Yeongju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeosu" title="Yeosu">Yeosu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities of South Korea">Administrative city</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeju_City" title="Jeju City">Jeju</a>※</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seogwipo" title="Seogwipo">Seogwipo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_South_Korea" title="List of capitals in South Korea">Provincial capital</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hongseong_County" title="Hongseong County">Hongseong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muan_County" title="Muan County">Muan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Note: ※ also a provincial capital</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=South_Korea&#124;link=South_Korea_South_Korea_cities_with_a_200,000+_population264" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Most_populous_cities_in_South_Korea" title="Template:Most populous cities in South Korea"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Most_populous_cities_in_South_Korea" title="Template talk:Most populous cities in South Korea"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Most_populous_cities_in_South_Korea" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Most populous cities in South Korea"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=South_Korea&#124;link=South_Korea_South_Korea_cities_with_a_200,000+_population264" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_South_Korea" title="List of cities in South Korea">South Korea cities with a 200,000+ population</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2,000,000 and more</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a> (capital)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incheon" title="Incheon">Incheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daegu" title="Daegu">Daegu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000–1,999,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daejeon" title="Daejeon">Daejeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwangju" title="Gwangju">Gwangju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suwon" title="Suwon">Suwon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulsan" title="Ulsan">Ulsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changwon" title="Changwon">Changwon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goyang" title="Goyang">Goyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongin" title="Yongin">Yongin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">500,000–999,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seongnam" title="Seongnam">Seongnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucheon" title="Bucheon">Bucheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheongju" title="Cheongju">Cheongju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansan" title="Ansan">Ansan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namyangju" title="Namyangju">Namyangju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeonju" title="Jeonju">Jeonju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hwaseong,_Gyeonggi" title="Hwaseong, Gyeonggi">Hwaseong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheonan" title="Cheonan">Cheonan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anyang,_Gyeonggi" title="Anyang, Gyeonggi">Anyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimhae" title="Gimhae">Gimhae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pohang" title="Pohang">Pohang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyeongtaek" title="Pyeongtaek">Pyeongtaek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siheung" title="Siheung">Siheung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeju_City" title="Jeju City">Jeju City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">200,000–499,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uijeongbu" title="Uijeongbu">Uijeongbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paju" title="Paju">Paju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gumi,_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Gumi, South Korea">Gumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimpo" title="Gimpo">Gimpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinju" title="Jinju">Jinju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwangmyeong" title="Gwangmyeong">Gwangmyeong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonju" title="Wonju">Wonju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwangju,_Gyeonggi" title="Gwangju, Gyeonggi">Gwangju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangsan" title="Yangsan">Yangsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asan" title="Asan">Asan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iksan" title="Iksan">Iksan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeosu" title="Yeosu">Yeosu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunpo" title="Gunpo">Gunpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuncheon" title="Chuncheon">Chuncheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suncheon" title="Suncheon">Suncheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunsan" title="Gunsan">Gunsan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Gyeongju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyeongsan" title="Gyeongsan">Gyeongsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoje" title="Geoje">Geoje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejong_City" title="Sejong City">Sejong City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mokpo" title="Mokpo">Mokpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangneung" title="Gangneung">Gangneung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanam" title="Hanam">Hanam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icheon" title="Icheon">Icheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osan" title="Osan">Osan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangju" title="Yangju">Yangju</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42097#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1297" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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/></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/125497918">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1410785/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4246387-7">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81054162">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge128481&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech 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