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Musikkteori – Wikipedia
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class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_no.wikipedia.org&uselang=nb" class=""><span>Doner</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Musikkteori" title="Du oppfordres til å opprette en konto og logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk" class=""><span>Opprett konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Musikkteori" title="Du oppfordres til å logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk 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mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logg inn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettsted"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innhold" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Musikkens_elementer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musikkens_elementer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Musikkens elementer</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Musikkens_elementer-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Musikkens elementer</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Musikkens_elementer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Melodi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Melodi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Melodi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Melodi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tonehøyde" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tonehøyde"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Tonehøyde</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tonehøyde-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Intervaller" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intervaller"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Intervaller</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intervaller-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rytme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rytme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Rytme</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rytme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Harmoni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Harmoni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Harmoni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Harmoni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Satslære" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satslære"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>Satslære</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Satslære-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konsonans_og_dissonans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konsonans_og_dissonans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.2</span> <span>Konsonans og dissonans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konsonans_og_dissonans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tekstur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tekstur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Tekstur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tekstur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Form" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Form"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Form</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Form-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Komposisjon_og_analyse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Komposisjon_og_analyse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Komposisjon og analyse</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Komposisjon_og_analyse-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Komposisjon og analyse</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Komposisjon_og_analyse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Analyse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Analyse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Analyse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Analyse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klassisk_musikk_og_kontrapunkt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klassisk_musikk_og_kontrapunkt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Klassisk musikk og kontrapunkt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klassisk_musikk_og_kontrapunkt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jazz" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jazz"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Jazz</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jazz-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notasjon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notasjon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Notasjon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notasjon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Matematikk_og_fysikk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Matematikk_og_fysikk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Matematikk og fysikk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Matematikk_og_fysikk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hørelære" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hørelære"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Hørelære</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hørelære-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_også" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_også"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Se også</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_også-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Litteratur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Musikkteori</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 53 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musikkteori" title="Musikkteori – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Musikkteori" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musikteori" title="Musikteori – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Musikteori" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musikteori" title="Musikteori – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Musikteori" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B3nfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Tónfræði – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tónfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musiktheorie" title="Musiktheorie – sveitsertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Musiktheorie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="sveitsertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%89" title="نظرية الموسيقى – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نظرية الموسيقى" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_musical" title="Teoría musical – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Teoría musical" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musiqi_n%C9%99z%C9%99riyy%C9%99si" title="Musiqi nəzəriyyəsi – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Musiqi nəzəriyyəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC" title="সঙ্গীত তত্ত্ব – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সঙ্গীত তত্ত্ব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Теория на музиката – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Теория на музиката" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_de_la_m%C3%BAsica" title="Teoria de la música – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Teoria de la música" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudebn%C3%AD_teorie" title="Hudební teorie – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hudební teorie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musiktheorie" title="Musiktheorie – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Musiktheorie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muusikateooria" title="Muusikateooria – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Muusikateooria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_theory" title="Music theory – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Music theory" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teor%C3%ADa_musical" title="Teoría musical – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Teoría musical" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzikteorio" title="Muzikteorio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Muzikteorio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_musikal" title="Teoria musikal – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Teoria musikal" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C" title="تئوری موسیقی – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تئوری موسیقی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9orie_de_la_musique" title="Théorie de la musique – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Théorie de la musique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%EC%95%85_%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0" title="음악 이론 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="음악 이론" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4" title="संगीत सिद्धांत – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="संगीत सिद्धांत" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorija_glazbe" title="Teorija glazbe – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Teorija glazbe" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teori_musik" title="Teori musik – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Teori musik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_musicale" title="Teoria musicale – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Teoria musicale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="תורת המוזיקה – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תורת המוזיקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="მუსიკის თეორია – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მუსიკის თეორია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theoria_musicae" title="Theoria musicae – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Theoria musicae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeneelm%C3%A9let" title="Zeneelmélet – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Zeneelmélet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Теорија на музиката – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Теорија на музиката" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muziektheorie" title="Muziektheorie – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Muziektheorie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E6%A5%BD%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="音楽理論 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="音楽理論" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_muzyki" title="Teoria muzyki – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Teoria muzyki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_musical" title="Teoria musical – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Teoria musical" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teoria_muzical%C4%83" title="Teoria muzicală – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Teoria muzicală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Теория музыки – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Теория музыки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muisic_theory" title="Muisic theory – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Muisic theory" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiur%C3%ACa_musicali" title="Tiurìa musicali – siciliansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Tiurìa musicali" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_theory" title="Music theory – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Music theory" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudobn%C3%A1_te%C3%B3ria" title="Hudobná teória – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hudobná teória" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7" title="تیۆریی مۆسیقا – sentralkurdisk" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تیۆریی مۆسیقا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sentralkurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Теорија музике – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Теорија музике" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorija_muzike" title="Teorija muzike – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Teorija muzike" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musiikinteoria" title="Musiikinteoria – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Musiikinteoria" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorya_ng_tugtugin" title="Teorya ng tugtugin – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Teorya ng tugtugin" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A4_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%82" title="సంగీత సిద్ధాంతం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సంగీత సిద్ధాంతం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCzik_teorisi" title="Müzik teorisi – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Müzik teorisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Теорія музики – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Теорія музики" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C" title="نظریہ موسیقی – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نظریہ موسیقی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BD_thuy%E1%BA%BFt_%C3%A2m_nh%E1%BA%A1c" title="Lý thuyết âm nhạc – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lý thuyết âm nhạc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%82%E7%90%86" title="樂理 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="樂理" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A8%82%E7%90%86" title="樂理 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="樂理" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Теория музики – pannonisk rusinsk" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" data-title="Теория музики" data-language-autonym="Руски" data-language-local-name="pannonisk rusinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Руски</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q193544#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musikkteori" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Musikkteori" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > 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</div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andre prosjekter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Music_theory" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q193544" title="Lenke til koblet dataregisterelement [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-element</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><p><b>Musikkteori</b> er den del av <a href="/wiki/Musikkvitenskap" title="Musikkvitenskap">musikkvitenskapen</a> som søker å beskrive <a href="/wiki/Teori" title="Teori">teorien</a> som ligger til grunn for <a href="/wiki/Musikk" title="Musikk">musikkens</a> natur. Begrepet brukes ofte brukt som en samlebetegnelse for en rekke læreemner innen musikkutdanningen i <a href="/wiki/Vesten" title="Vesten">Vesten</a>, eksempelvis <a href="/wiki/Notel%C3%A6re" title="Notelære">notelære</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harmonil%C3%A6re" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmonilære">harmonilære</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satsl%C3%A6re" title="Satslære">satslære</a> og annet. </p><p>I musikkteorien systematiseres og analyseres elementer som <a href="/wiki/Rytme" title="Rytme">rytme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harmoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmoni">harmoni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melodi" title="Melodi">melodi</a> og struktur. Musikkteorien er ofte rettet mot de mønstre og systemer de fleste komponisters arbeider etter. Musikkteoretiske prinsipper danner basis for en stor del av den musikken vi hører i dag. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Musikkens_elementer">Musikkens elementer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Musikkens elementer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Musikkens elementer"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Melodi">Melodi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Melodi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Melodi"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En melodi er en rekke toner; i vestlig musikk har de fleste melodier utgangspunkt i kjente <a href="/wiki/Skala_(musikk)" title="Skala (musikk)">skalaer</a> og <a href="/wiki/Modal_skala" title="Modal skala">modale skalaer</a>. Tonene i en melodi kan være av ulik høyde og lengde. Ofte består en melodi av gjentatte <a href="/wiki/Motiv_(musikk)" title="Motiv (musikk)">motiver</a> og <a href="/wiki/Frase_(musikk)" title="Frase (musikk)">fraser</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tonehøyde"><span id="Toneh.C3.B8yde"></span>Tonehøyde</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Tonehøyde" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Tonehøyde"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En tone har <a href="/wiki/Frekvens_(lyd)" title="Frekvens (lyd)">høyde</a>, varighet og <a href="/wiki/Klangfarge" title="Klangfarge">klangfarge</a>. Tonehøyden bestemmes av lydbølgenes frekvens; tonen <a href="/w/index.php?title=A_(tone)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A (tone) (ikke skrevet ennå)">A</a> er definert av frekvensen 440 <a href="/wiki/Hz" class="mw-redirect" title="Hz">Hz</a>. Avstanden mellom to toner kalles et <a href="/wiki/Intervall" class="mw-disambig" title="Intervall">intervall</a>. Det viktigste intervallet er mellom en tone og en tone med dobbel frekvens – <a href="/wiki/Oktav" title="Oktav">oktav</a> – slik at 440 Hz og 880 Hz begge er A. I vestlig musikk deles en oktav inn i 12 like <a href="/wiki/Halvtone" title="Halvtone">halvtoner</a>; mønstre av halvtoner og heltoner (to halvtoner utgjør en heltone) danner en <a href="/wiki/Skala_(musikk)" title="Skala (musikk)">skala</a> i oktaven. De vanligste skalaene er <a href="/wiki/Dur" title="Dur">dur</a> og <a href="/wiki/Moll" title="Moll">moll</a>; disse er <a href="/wiki/Diatonisk_skala" title="Diatonisk skala">diatoniske skalaer</a>. </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/Tonalitet" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonalitet">tonal</a> musikk brukes <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fast_fortegn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fast fortegn (ikke skrevet ennå)">faste fortegn</a> til å definere <i><a href="/wiki/Toneart" title="Toneart">tonearten</a></i> i musikken. Tonearten avgjør hvilken skala som brukes. Å <i>transponere</i> et stykke musikk fra tonearten C-dur til tonearten D-dur vil være å gjøre alle tonene to <a href="/wiki/Halvtone" title="Halvtone">halvtoner</a> høyere. Selv om de fleste instrumenter som brukes i vestlig musikk er <a href="/wiki/Temperert_stemming" title="Temperert stemming">temperert stemt</a>, noe som fører med seg at tonene vil være i nøyaktig det samme forholdet til hverandre som før transponeringen, kan en transponering endre <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klangfage&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klangfage (ikke skrevet ennå)">klangen</a> fordi tonene flyttes i forhold til instrumentets rekkevidde, og det kan gjøre det teknisk vanskeligere eller enklere for musikeren. For lytteren kan en transponering gå ubemerket hen. Særlig i pop, rock og folkemusikk er det vanlige å transponere musikk etter ferdigheter og behag. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Intervaller">Intervaller</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Intervaller" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Intervaller"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Et <a href="/wiki/Intervall_(musikk)" title="Intervall (musikk)">Intervall</a> er en beskrivelse av avstanden i høyde mellom to toner i en skala eller akkord. </p><p>Med utgangspunkt i C: </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Prim_(intervall)" title="Prim (intervall)">Prim</a> (C-C = Rent )</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekund_(intervall)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekund (intervall)">Sekund</a> (C-D = Stor) (C-Db = Liten)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ters" title="Ters">Ters</a> (C-E = Stor) - (C-Eb = Liten)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvart" class="mw-disambig" title="Kvart">Kvart</a> (C-F = Ren) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tritonus" title="Tritonus">Tritonus</a> (C-F# = Forstørret kvart/ forminsket kvint)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvint" title="Kvint">Kvint</a> (C-G = Ren)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekst" title="Sekst">Sekst</a> (C-A = Stor) (C-Ab = Liten)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septim" title="Septim">Septim</a> (C-H = Stor) (C- Hb/B = Liten)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oktav" title="Oktav">Oktav</a> (C-C' = Ren)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/None_(musikk)" title="None (musikk)">None</a> (C-D')</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Decim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Decim (ikke skrevet ennå)">Decim</a> (C-E')</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Undecim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Undecim (ikke skrevet ennå)">Undecim</a> (C-F')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duodecim" title="Duodecim">Duodecim</a> (C-G')</li></ol> <p><br /> Et intervall kan altså være stort/lite, rent, eller forminsket/forstørret.<br /> <b>Rent intervall</b> kan også være forstørret (#) eller forminsket (b). Eks. Tritonus som er en forstørret kvart/ forminsket kvint (navnet avhenger av notasjonen). Mens et intervall som er stort eller lite kan ikke være rent. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rytme">Rytme</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Rytme" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Rytme"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Rytme" title="Rytme">Rytme</a> er lyder organisert i <a href="/wiki/Tid" title="Tid">tid</a>. Rytmen deler tid inn i regelmessige enheter, kalt <a href="/wiki/Takt" class="mw-redirect" title="Takt">takter</a>. <a href="/wiki/Taktart" title="Taktart">Taktarten</a> angir hvor mange slag det er per takt. Gjennom små endringer i varighet og endringer i styrke kan man legge vekt på ulike slag i takten. For eksempel legger man i en vanlig vals (3/4-takt) trykket på det første slaget i hver takt. <a href="/wiki/Synkope_(musikk)" title="Synkope (musikk)">Synkoperte</a> rytmer er rytmer som legger vekt på "uventede" slag, eller legger vekten mellom slag. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Harmoni">Harmoni</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Harmoni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Harmoni"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Harmoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmoni">Harmoni</a> finnes når to eller flere toner klinger sammen. To toner i samklang kalles en dyad. Tre eller flere toner i samklang kalles en <a href="/wiki/Akkord_(musikk)" title="Akkord (musikk)">akkord</a>. I en skala er det visse tonetrinn som bestemmer akkordens egenskap og funksjon; i vestlig musikk er det tredje og syvende trinn i skalaen. Avstanden mellom <a href="/wiki/Grunntone" title="Grunntone">grunntonen</a> og tredje trinn avgjør om akkorden er en <a href="/wiki/Dur" title="Dur">durakkord</a> eller en <a href="/wiki/Moll" title="Moll">mollakkord</a>, mens avstanden mellom grunntonen og syvende trinn bestemmer akkordens funksjon i en akkordrekke. </p><p>Melodier blir ofte skrevet i forhold til harmoniene som akkompagnerer dem, slik at det skapes vekslende konsonans og dissonans. Studiet av samklangene kalles <a href="/wiki/Harmonil%C3%A6re" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmonilære">harmonilære</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Satslære"><span id="Satsl.C3.A6re"></span>Satslære</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: Satslære" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Satslære"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Satsl%C3%A6re" title="Satslære">Satslære</a> er et musikkteoretisk fag, hvor man lærer om en <a href="/wiki/Komposisjon_(musikk)" title="Komposisjon (musikk)">komposisjons</a> sats, dvs. hvordan tonene i et musikkverk er satt sammen for å danne en helhet. Ved hjelp av ulike klangstablinger og lineære stemmeføringer etter ulike typer harmoniske progresjoner, får man forskjellige typer sats. Satslære er således et håndverk, som er viktig innen <a href="/wiki/Komposisjon_(musikk)" title="Komposisjon (musikk)">komposisjon</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arrangement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arrangement (ikke skrevet ennå)">arrangement</a>. Klassisk satslære beskriver mange regler for hva som er "lov" og ikke i en komposisjon. Det å skrive en annenstemme til en melodi kalles å harmonisere, da man ut ifra noen spesielle prinsipper setter inn toner som lyder godt til den gitte melodi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Konsonans_og_dissonans">Konsonans og dissonans</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Rediger avsnitt: Konsonans og dissonans" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Konsonans og dissonans"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En <i>konsonans</i> er en samklang, harmoni eller akkord som regnes å være stabil, i motsetning til <i>dissonanser</i>, som regnes å være ustabile. En annen, mindre presis definisjon er «behagelige lyder» i motsetning til «ubehagelige lyder». De konsonante <a href="/wiki/Intervall" class="mw-disambig" title="Intervall">intervallene</a> deles i to: rene og store. De rene intervallene er <a href="/wiki/Prim_(intervall)" title="Prim (intervall)">prim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oktav" title="Oktav">oktav</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kvart" class="mw-disambig" title="Kvart">kvart </a> og <a href="/wiki/Kvint" title="Kvint">kvint</a>. De store intervallene er <a href="/wiki/Sekund_(intervall)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekund (intervall)">sekund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ters" title="Ters">ters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sekst" title="Sekst">sekst</a> og <a href="/wiki/Septim" title="Septim">septim</a>. Dissonante intervaller vil ha et behov for å gå over i mer konsonante intervaller, og kan slik bidra til å skape og utløse spenning i musikken. Med utgangspunkt i <a href="/wiki/Toneart" title="Toneart">tonearten</a> kan man beskrive hvilken plass tonene og klangene fyller i en komposisjon, en slik rolle kalles en <a href="/wiki/Diatonisk_funksjon" class="mw-redirect" title="Diatonisk funksjon">diatonisk funksjon</a>. Musikkteoretikere kan foreta en <a href="/wiki/Diatonisk_funksjon" class="mw-redirect" title="Diatonisk funksjon">funksjonsharmonisk analyse</a> for å finne den harmoniske dynamikken i musikkbildet. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kvintsirkel" title="Kvintsirkel">Kvintsirkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kontrapunkt" title="Kontrapunkt">Kontrapunkt</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koralharmonisering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koralharmonisering (ikke skrevet ennå)">Koralharmonisering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septimakkord" title="Septimakkord">Septimakkord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamtone" class="mw-redirect" title="Stamtone">Stamtone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadens" title="Kadens">Kadens</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tekstur">Tekstur</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Rediger avsnitt: Tekstur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Tekstur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Man kan gi en beskrivelse av lydbildet eller <b>teksturen</b> i et musikkstykke. Det vanligste kriteriet er antall <a href="/wiki/Melodi" title="Melodi">stemmer</a>, men musikken kan og beskrives med adjektiver som "tung", "lett", "åpen", "myk" og "hard". En melodi kan være monofon (én stemme) eller polyfon (flere stemmer). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Form">Form</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Rediger avsnitt: Form" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=10" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Form"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Form</b> viser til den overordnede strukturen i et stykke. <a href="/wiki/Fuge" title="Fuge">Fuge</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonata-allegro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonata-allegro (ikke skrevet ennå)">sonata-allegro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanon_(musikk)" title="Kanon (musikk)">kanon</a> og <a href="/wiki/Rondo" class="mw-disambig" title="Rondo">rondo</a> er vanlige former i klassisk vestlig musikk. En form består av seksjoner som består av <a href="/wiki/Frase_(musikk)" title="Frase (musikk)">fraser</a>. Moderne musikk som rock, pop, folk og jazz har utviklet sine egne former. </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gjennomkomponert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gjennomkomponert (ikke skrevet ennå)">Gjennomkomponert</a> form</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strofisk_form" title="Strofisk form">Strofisk form</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Variert_strofisk_form&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Variert strofisk form (ikke skrevet ennå)">Variert strofisk form</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AABA-form&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AABA-form (ikke skrevet ennå)">AABA-form</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pop-form&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pop-form (ikke skrevet ennå)">Pop-form</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Udvidet_pop-form&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Udvidet pop-form (ikke skrevet ennå)">Udvidet pop-form</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klar-parat-start&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klar-parat-start (ikke skrevet ennå)">Klar-parat-start</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Komposisjon_og_analyse">Komposisjon og analyse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Rediger avsnitt: Komposisjon og analyse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=11" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Komposisjon og analyse"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Analyse">Analyse</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Rediger avsnitt: Analyse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=12" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Analyse"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikalsk_analyse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musikalsk analyse (ikke skrevet ennå)">Musikalsk analyse</a> forsøker å svare på spørsmålet "Hvordan virker denne musikken?" </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klassisk_musikk_og_kontrapunkt">Klassisk musikk og kontrapunkt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Rediger avsnitt: Klassisk musikk og kontrapunkt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=13" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Klassisk musikk og kontrapunkt"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Den teoretiske tilnærmingen til musikk blomstret med den klassiske musikken. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jazz">Jazz</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Rediger avsnitt: Jazz" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=14" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Jazz"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I det tjuende og tjueførste århundre har det utviklet seg en rekke nye sjangre som hver har sine tradisjoner; i <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> brukes musikkteori, som i klassisk musikk, til å analysere og forstå musikken, men teorien er også et hjelpemiddel til improvisasjon, og musikkteori knyttet til jazz er således ofte mer praktisk rettet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notasjon">Notasjon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Rediger avsnitt: Notasjon" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=15" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Notasjon"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Musikkteorien beskjeftiger seg og med ulike måter å notere musikk grafisk. <i><a href="/wiki/Notel%C3%A6re" title="Notelære">Notelære</a></i> gir et overblikk over den mest utbredte formen for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikknotasjon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musikknotasjon (ikke skrevet ennå)">musikknotasjon</a>. Notasjon har til hensikt å fortelle hvordan musikken skal gjenskapes. </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Notel%C3%A6re" title="Notelære">Notelære</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B8kkel_(musikk)" title="Nøkkel (musikk)">Nøkkel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G-n%C3%B8kkel" class="mw-redirect" title="G-nøkkel">G-nøkkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-n%C3%B8kkel" class="mw-redirect" title="F-nøkkel">F-nøkkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B8kkel_(musikk)" title="Nøkkel (musikk)">C-nøkkel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trommen%C3%B8kkel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trommenøkkel (ikke skrevet ennå)">Trommenøkkel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grunnskala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grunnskala (ikke skrevet ennå)">Grunnskala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortegn" title="Fortegn">Fortegn</a> og <a href="/wiki/Faste_fortegn" class="mw-redirect" title="Faste fortegn">faste fortegn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Besifring" title="Besifring">Besifring</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Matematikk_og_fysikk">Matematikk og fysikk</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Rediger avsnitt: Matematikk og fysikk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=16" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Matematikk og fysikk"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Helt siden <a href="/wiki/Pythagoras" class="mw-redirect" title="Pythagoras">Pythagoras</a> oppdaget forholdet mellom frekvensene til ulike tonehøyder, har man brukt <a href="/wiki/Matematikk" title="Matematikk">matematikk</a> til å analysere musikk, med utgangspunkt i svingningstall. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">Hertz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frekvens" title="Frekvens">Frekvens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svingning" title="Svingning">Svingning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Svingningstid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Svingningstid (ikke skrevet ennå)">Svingningstid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amplitude" title="Amplitude">Amplitude</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hørelære"><span id="H.C3.B8rel.C3.A6re"></span>Hørelære</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Rediger avsnitt: Hørelære" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=17" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Hørelære"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Evnen til å gjenkjenne tonemønstre og toner ved hjelp av hørselen og ikke ved hjelp av <a href="/wiki/Notel%C3%A6re" title="Notelære">noter</a> er et viktig hjelpemiddel for musikere. <a href="/wiki/Relativt_geh%C3%B8r" title="Relativt gehør">Relativt gehør</a> er langt vanligere og enklere å tilegne seg enn <a href="/wiki/Absolutt_geh%C3%B8r" title="Absolutt gehør">absolutt gehør</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_også"><span id="Se_ogs.C3.A5"></span>Se også</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Rediger avsnitt: Se også" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=18" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Se også"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kammertonen" title="Kammertonen">Kammertonen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musikk" title="Musikk">Musikk</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratur">Litteratur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Rediger avsnitt: Litteratur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=19" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Litteratur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lisa_Bekkevold&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lisa Bekkevold (ikke skrevet ennå)">Lisa Bekkevold</a> <i>Harmonilære og harmonisk analyse</i>. Aschehoug, 1988. <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/8203129692" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 82-03-12969-2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%98yvind_Risa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Øyvind Risa (ikke skrevet ennå)">Øyvind Risa</a> <i>Musikkteori og arrangering</i>, 2001 <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9788215001586" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9788215001586</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musikkteori&action=edit&section=20" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 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