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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Flag Counter » Portugal</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css" type="text/css" media="all" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="//maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/js?key=AIzaSyB9aqCZQ1Zlv9hODz4RY4ZQPzszQd_lqR4&sensor=false"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var MY_MAPTYPE_ID = 'flagcounter'; function initialize() { var mapstyle = [ { "featureType": "administrative.country", "elementType": "labels", "stylers": [ { "visibility": "on" } ] } ]; var mapOptions = { zoom: 1, center: new google.maps.LatLng(39.30,-8.00), mapTypeControlOptions: { mapTypeIds: [google.maps.MapTypeId.SATELLITE, google.maps.MapTypeId.TERRAIN, MY_MAPTYPE_ID] }, disableDefaultUI: true, zoomControl: true, mapTypeId: MY_MAPTYPE_ID }; map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById('map_canvas'),mapOptions); var styledMapOptions = { name: 'Default' }; var fcMapType = new google.maps.StyledMapType(mapstyle, styledMapOptions); map.mapTypes.set(MY_MAPTYPE_ID, fcMapType); image = new google.maps.MarkerImage("https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pt.png");var shape = { coord: [1, 1, 16, 11], type: 'rect' };var LatLng = new google.maps.LatLng(39.30,-8.00);var contentString = '<div id="countryinfopo" align=left>Portugal <img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=6> Population: 10,355,493</div>';var infowindowpo = new google.maps.InfoWindow({ content: contentString });var markerpo = new google.maps.Marker({ icon:image, shape: shape, position: LatLng, map: map });google.maps.event.addListener(markerpo, 'click', function() { infowindowpo.open(map,markerpo); }); } </script> <script src="/js/jquery-1.9.0.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/js/jquery.dd.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <link 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value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/nc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/nc.png">New Caledonia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/nz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/nz.png">New Zealand</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ni/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ni.png">Nicaragua</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ne/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ne.png">Niger</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ng/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ng.png">Nigeria</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/nu/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/nu.png">Niue</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/nf/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/nf.png">Norfolk Island</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/kp/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/kp.png">North Korea</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/mp/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/mp.png">Northern Mariana Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/no/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/no.png">Norway</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/om/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/om.png">Oman</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pk.png">Pakistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pw/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pw.png">Palau</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ps/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ps.png">Palestinian Territory</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pa/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pa.png">Panama</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pg/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pg.png">Papua New Guinea</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/py/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/py.png">Paraguay</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pe/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pe.png">Peru</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ph/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ph.png">Philippines</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pl.png">Poland</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pt/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pt.png" selected>Portugal</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pr.png">Puerto Rico</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/qa/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/qa.png">Qatar</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/cg/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/cg.png">Republic of the Congo</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ro/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ro.png">Romania</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ru/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ru.png">Russia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/rw/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/rw.png">Rwanda</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/bl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/bl.png">Saint Barthelemy</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sh/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sh.png">Saint Helena</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/kn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/kn.png">Saint Kitts and Nevis</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/lc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/lc.png">Saint Lucia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/mf/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/mf.png">Saint Martin</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pm.png">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vc.png">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ws/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ws.png">Samoa</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sm.png">San Marino</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/st/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/st.png">Sao Tome and Principe</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sa/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sa.png">Saudi Arabia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sn.png">Senegal</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/rs/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/rs.png">Serbia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sc.png">Seychelles</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sl.png">Sierra Leone</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sg/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sg.png">Singapore</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sx/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sx.png">Sint Maarten</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sk.png">Slovakia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/si/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/si.png">Slovenia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sb/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sb.png">Solomon Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/so/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/so.png">Somalia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/za/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/za.png">South Africa</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/kr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/kr.png">South Korea</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ss/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ss.png">South Sudan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/es/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/es.png">Spain</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/lk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/lk.png">Sri Lanka</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sd/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sd.png">Sudan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sr.png">Suriname</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sj/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sj.png">Svalbard</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sz.png">Eswatini</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/se/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/se.png">Sweden</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ch/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ch.png">Switzerland</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sy/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sy.png">Syria</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tw/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tw.png">Taiwan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tj/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tj.png">Tajikistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tz.png">Tanzania</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/th/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/th.png">Thailand</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/bs/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/bs.png">Bahamas</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gm.png">Gambia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tl.png">Timor-Leste</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tg/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tg.png">Togo</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tk.png">Tokelau</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/to/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/to.png">Tonga</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tt/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tt.png">Trinidad and Tobago</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tn.png">Tunisia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tr.png">Turkey</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tm.png">Turkmenistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tc.png">Turks and Caicos Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tv/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tv.png">Tuvalu</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ug/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ug.png">Uganda</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ua/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ua.png">Ukraine</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ae/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ae.png">United Arab Emirates</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gb/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gb.png">United Kingdom</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/us/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/us.png">United States</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/uy/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/uy.png">Uruguay</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/uz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/uz.png">Uzbekistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vu/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vu.png">Vanuatu</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/va/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/va.png">Vatican City</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ve/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ve.png">Venezuela</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vn.png">Vietnam</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vi/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vi.png">U.S. Virgin Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/wf/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/wf.png">Wallis and Futuna</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/eh/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/eh.png">Western Sahara</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ye/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ye.png">Yemen</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/zm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/zm.png">Zambia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/zw/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/zw.png">Zimbabwe</option></select><h1>Portugal Population: 10,355,493</h1><table border=0 width=100%><tr><td valign=top>« <a href=/factbook/pl><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pl.png border=0 align=absbottom></a> <a href=/factbook/pl style="text-decoration:none;">Previous Country</a> | <a href=/factbook/pr style="text-decoration:none;">Next Country</a> <a href=/factbook/pr><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pr.png border=0 align=absbottom></a> »</td><td align=right valign=bottom><a href=/flag_details/pt/><img src=https://s01.flagcounter.com/images/flags_128x128/pt.png width=100 style="margin-right:8px;" border=0></a>  </td></tr></table><table border=0 width=100% cellspacing=10><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> History</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 cellpadding=5> Following its heyday as a global maritime power during the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal lost much of its wealth and status with the destruction of Lisbon in a 1755 earthquake, occupation during the Napoleonic Wars, and the independence of Brazil, its wealthiest colony, in 1822. A 1910 revolution deposed the monarchy, and for most of the next six decades, repressive governments ran the country. In 1974, a left-wing military coup installed broad democratic reforms. The following year, Portugal granted independence to all of its African colonies. Portugal is a founding member of NATO and entered the EC (now the EU) in 1986. </td></tr></table><table border=0 width=100%><tr><td valign=top><ul style="padding-left:20px;"><li><a href=#geography style="text-decoration:none;">Geography</a><li><a href=#people style="text-decoration:none;">People</a><li><a href=#government style="text-decoration:none;">Government</a><li><a href=#economy style="text-decoration:none;">Economy</a><li><a href=#energy style="text-decoration:none;">Energy</a><li><a href=#communications style="text-decoration:none;">Communications</a><li><a href=#transportation style="text-decoration:none;">Transportation</a><li><a href=#military style="text-decoration:none;">Military</a><li><a href=#issues style="text-decoration:none;">Transnational Issues</a></ul></td><td align=right><img src="https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/staticmap?center=39.30,-8.00&zoom=2&size=450x225&markers=icon:https://images.boardhost.com/flags/pt.png%7C39.30,-8.00&key=AIzaSyB9aqCZQ1Zlv9hODz4RY4ZQPzszQd_lqR4"> </td><td><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif width=50></td></tr></table><table border=0 width=100% cellspacing=5><tr><td><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif width=180 height=1></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=geography>Geography</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><div style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:8px;"><ul> Azores and Madeira Islands occupy strategic locations along western sea approaches to Strait of Gibraltar</ul></div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Location:</td><td> Southwestern Europe, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Spain</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Geographic coordinates:</td><td> 39 30 N, 8 00 W</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Area:</td><td> total: 92,090 sq km land: 91,470 sq km water: 620 sq km note: includes Azores and Madeira Islands Size comparison: slightly smaller than Virginia</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Land Boundaries:</td><td> total: 1,224 km border countries (1): Spain 1224 km</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Coastline:</td><td> 1,793 km </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Maritime claims:</td><td> territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Climate:</td><td> maritime temperate; cool and rainy in north, warmer and drier in south</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Terrain:</td><td> the west-flowing Tagus River divides the country: the north is mountainous toward the interior, while the south is characterized by rolling plains</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural resources:</td><td> fish, forests (cork), iron ore, copper, zinc, tin, tungsten, silver, gold, uranium, marble, clay, gypsum, salt, arable land, hydropower</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Land use:</td><td> agricultural land: 39.7% (2011 est.) arable land: 11.9% (2011 est.) permanent crops: 7.8% (2011 est.) permanent pasture: 20% (2011 est.) forest: 37.8% (2011 est.) other: 22.5% (2011 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Irrigated land:</td><td> 5,400 sq km (2012) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural hazards:</td><td> Azores subject to severe earthquakes volcanism: limited volcanic activity in the Azores Islands; Fayal or Faial (1,043 m) last erupted in 1958; most volcanoes have not erupted in centuries; historically active volcanoes include Agua de Pau, Furnas, Pico, Picos Volcanic System, San Jorge, Sete Cidades, and Terceira </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Current Environment Issues:</td><td> soil erosion; air pollution caused by industrial and vehicle emissions; water pollution, especially in urban centers and coastal areas</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>International Environment Agreements:</td><td> party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Environmental Modification</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=people>People</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Nationality:</td><td> noun: Portuguese (singular and plural) adjective: Portuguese</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Ethnic groups:</td><td> white homogeneous Mediterranean population; citizens of black African descent who immigrated to mainland during decolonization number less than 100,000; since 1990, Eastern Europeans have migrated to Portugal</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Languages:</td><td> Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official, but locally used)</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Religions:</td><td> Roman Catholic 81%, other Christian 3.3%, other (includes Jewish, Muslim) 0.6%, none 6.8%, unspecified 8.3% (2011 est.) note: represents population 15 years of age and older </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Population:</td><td> 10,355,493 (July 2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Age structure:</td><td> 0-14 years: 14.01% (male 743,277 /female 707,437) 15-24 years: 10.89% (male 580,709 /female 546,908) 25-54 years: 42.04% (male 2,143,735 /female 2,209,736) 55-64 years: 12.8% (male 605,113 /female 720,192) 65 years and over: 20.26% (male 838,606 /female 1,259,780) (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Dependency ratios:</td><td> total dependency ratio: 53.4 (2015 est.) youth dependency ratio: 21.6 (2015 est.) elderly dependency ratio: 31.8 (2015 est.) potential support ratio: 3.1 (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Median age:</td><td> total: 43.7 years male: 41.8 years female: 45.6 years (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Population growth rate:</td><td> -0.27% (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Birth rate:</td><td> 8.2 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Death rate:</td><td> 10.6 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Net migration rate:</td><td> -0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Urbanization:</td><td> urban population: 65.2% of total population (2018) rate of urbanization: 0.47% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Major urban areas - population:</td><td> 2.927 million LISBON (capital) 1.307 million Porto (2018) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Sex ratio:</td><td> at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.84 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.9 male(s)/female (2018 est.) Mother's mean age at first birth: 30.2 years (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Maternal mortality rate:</td><td> 10 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Infant mortality rate:</td><td> total: 2.6 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3 deaths/1,000 live births female: 2.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Life expectancy at birth:</td><td> total population: 80.9 years male: 77.7 years female: 84.2 years (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Total fertility rate:</td><td> 1.39 children born/woman (2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Contraceptive prevalence rate:</td><td> 73.9% (2014) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Physicians density:</td><td> 3.34 physicians/1,000 population (2016) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Hospital bed density:</td><td> 3.4 beds/1,000 population (2013) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Drinking water source:</td><td> improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Sanitation facility access:</td><td> improved: urban: 99.6% of population (2015 est.) rural: 99.8% of population (2015 est.) total: 99.7% of population (2015 est.) unimproved: urban: 0.4% of population (2015 est.) rural: 0.2% of population (2015 est.) total: 0.3% of population (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:</td><td> 0.6% (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:</td><td> 40,000 (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>HIV/AIDS - deaths:</td><td> <500 (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Obesity - adult prevalence rate:</td><td> 20.8% (2016) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Education expenditures:</td><td> 4.9% of GDP (2015) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Literacy:</td><td> definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.) total population: 95.7% male: 97.1% female: 94.4% (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):</td><td> total: 16 years male: 16 years female: 16 years (2016) Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 23.9% male: 22.4% female: 25.5% (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=government>Government</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Country name:</td><td> conventional long form: Portuguese Republic conventional short form: Portugal local long form: Republica Portuguesa local short form: Portugal etymology: name derives from the Roman designation "Portus Cale" meaning "Port of Cale"; Cale was an ancient Celtic town and port in present-day northern Portugal</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Government type:</td><td> semi-presidential republic</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Capital:</td><td> name: Lisbon geographic coordinates: 38 43 N, 9 08 W time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October note: Portugal has two time zones, including the Azores (UTC-1) etymology: Lisbon is one of Europe's oldest cities (the second oldest capital city after Athens) and the origin of the name is lost in time; it may have been founded as an ancient Celtic settlement that subsequently maintained close commercial relations with the Phoenicians (beginning about 1200 B.C.); the name of the settlement may have been derived from the pre-Roman appellation for the Tagus River that runs through the city, Lisso or Lucio; the Romans named the city "Olisippo" when they took it from the Carthaginians in 205 B.C.; under the Visigoths the city name became "Ulixbona," under the Arabs it was "al-Ushbuna"; the medieval version of "Lissabona" became today's Lisboa </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Administrative divisions:</td><td> 18 districts (distritos, singular - distrito) and 2 autonomous regions* (regioes autonomas, singular - regiao autonoma); Aveiro, Acores (Azores)*, Beja, Braga, Braganca, Castelo Branco, Coimbra, Evora, Faro, Guarda, Leiria, Lisboa (Lisbon), Madeira*, Portalegre, Porto, Santarem, Setubal, Viana do Castelo, Vila Real, Viseu</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Independence:</td><td> 1143 (Kingdom of Portugal recognized); 1 December 1640 (independence reestablished following 60-years of Spanish rule); 5 October 1910 (republic proclaimed)</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>National holiday:</td><td> Portugal Day (Dia de Portugal), 10 June (1580); note - also called Camoes Day, the day that revered national poet Luis DE CAMOES (1524-80) died</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Constitution:</td><td> history: several previous; latest adopted 2 April 1976, effective 25 April 1976 amendments: proposed by the Assembly of the Republic; adoption requires two-thirds majority vote of Assembly members; amended several times, last in 2005 (2016) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Legal system:</td><td> civil law system; Constitutional Court review of legislative acts</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Suffrage:</td><td> 18 years of age; universal</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Executive branch:</td><td> chief of state: President Marcelo REBELO DE SOUSA (since 9 March 2016) head of government: Prime Minister Antonio Luis Santos da COSTA (since 24 November 2015) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 24 January 2016 (next to be held in January 2021); following legislative elections the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president election results: Marcelo REBELO DE SOUSA elected president in the first round; percent of vote - Marcelo REBELO DE SOUSA (PSD) 52%, Antonio Sampaio da NOVOA (independent) 22.9%, Marisa MATIAS (BE) 10.1%, Maria de BELEM (independent) 4.2%, other 10.8% note: there is also a Council of State that acts as a consultative body to the president </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Legislative branch:</td><td> description: unicameral Assembly of the Republic or Assembleia da Republica (230 seats; 226 members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote and 4 members - 2 each in 2 constituencies representing Portuguese living abroad - directly elected by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms) elections: last held on 4 October 2015 (next to be held on 6 October 2019) election results: percent of vote by party - Portugal a Frente (PaF) 36.9%, PS 32.3%, B.E. 10.2%, CDU 8.3%, PPD/PSD (Azores and Madeira) 1.5%, PAN 1.4%, other 9.4%; seats by party - PaF 102, PS 86, B.E. 19, CDU 17, PPD/PSD (Azores and Madeira) 5, PAN 1; composition - men 158, women 72, percent of women 31.3%</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Judicial branch:</td><td> highest courts: Supreme Court or Supremo Tribunal de Justica (consists of 12 justices); Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional (consists of 13 judges) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court justices nominated by the president and appointed by the Assembly of the Republic; judges can serve for life; Constitutional Court judges - 10 elected by the Assembly and 3 elected by the other Constitutional Court judges; judges elected for 6-year nonrenewable terms subordinate courts: Supreme Administrative Court (Supremo Tribunal Administrativo); Audit Court (Tribunal de Contas); appellate, district, and municipal courts</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Political parties and leaders:</td><td> Democratic and Social Center/Popular Party (Partido do Centro Democratico Social-Partido Popular) or CDS-PP [Assuncao CRISTAS] Ecologist Party "The Greens" or "Os Verdes" (Partido Ecologista-Os Verdes) or PEV [Heloisa APOLONIA] People-Animals-Nature Party (Pessoas-Animais-Natureza) or PAN [Andre SILVA] Portuguese Communist Party (Partido Comunista Portugues) or PCP [Jeronimo DE SOUSA] Social Democratic Party (Partido Social Democrata) or PSD (original name Partido Popular Democratico) or PPD [Rui RIO] Socialist Party (Partido Socialista) or PS [Antonio COSTA] The Left Bloc (Bloco de Esquerda) or BE or O聽Bloco [Catarina MARTINS] Unitary Democratic Coalition (Coligacao Democratica Unitaria) or CDU [Jeronimo DE SOUSA] (includes PCP and PEV)</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>International organization participation:</td><td> ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, CD, CE, CERN, CPLP, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINUSMA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>National symbol(s):</td><td> armillary sphere (a spherical astrolabe modeling objects in the sky and representing the Republic); national colors: red, green</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>National anthem:</td><td> name: "A Portugesa" (The Song of the Portuguese) lyrics/music: Henrique LOPES DE MENDOCA/Alfredo KEIL note: adopted 1910; "A Portuguesa" was originally written to protest the Portuguese monarchy's acquiescence to the 1890 British ultimatum forcing Portugal to give up areas of Africa; the lyrics refer to the "insult" that resulted from the event </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Diplomatic representation in the US:</td><td> chief of mission: Ambassador Domingos Teixeira de Abreu FEZAS VITAL (since 28 January 2016) chancery: 2012 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 332-3007 FAX: [1] (202) 223-3926 consulate(s) general: Boston, New York, San Francisco consulate(s): New Bedford (MA), Newark (NJ), Providence (RI)</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Diplomatic representation from the US:</td><td valign=top> chief of mission: Ambassador George E. GLASS (since 25 August 2017) embassy: Avenida das Forcas Armadas, 1600-081 Lisbon mailing address: Apartado 43033, 1601-301 Lisboa; PSC 83, APO AE 09726 telephone: [351] (21) 727-3300 FAX: [351] (21) 726-9109 consulate(s): Ponta Delgada (Azores)</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=economy>Economy</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 cellpadding=10><div style="margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:8px;"> Portugal has become a diversified and increasingly service-based economy since joining the European Community - the EU's predecessor - in 1986. Over the following two decades, successive governments privatized many state-controlled firms and liberalized key areas of the economy, including the financial and telecommunications sectors. The country joined the Economic and Monetary Union in 1999 and began circulating the euro on 1 January 2002 along with 11 other EU members. The economy grew by more than the EU average for much of the 1990s, but the rate of growth slowed in 2001-08. After the global financial crisis in 2008, Portugal鈥檚 economy contracted in 2009 and fell into recession from 2011 to 2013, as the government implemented spending cuts and tax increases to comply with conditions of an EU-IMF financial rescue package, signed in May 2011. Portugal successfully exited its EU-IMF program in May 2014, and its economic recovery gained traction in 2015 because of strong exports and a rebound in private consumption. GDP growth accelerated in 2016, and probably reached 2.5 % in 2017. Unemployment remained high, at 9.7% in 2017, but has improved steadily since peaking at 18% in 2013. The center-left minority Socialist government has unwound some unpopular austerity measures while managing to remain within most EU fiscal targets. The budget deficit fell from 11.2% of GDP in 2010 to 1.8% in 2017, the country鈥檚 lowest since democracy was restored in 1974, and surpassing the EU and IMF projections of 3%. Portugal exited the EU鈥檚 excessive deficit procedure in mid-2017. </div></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>GDP (purchasing power parity):</td><td> $314.1 billion (2017 est.) $305.9 billion (2016 est.) $301 billion (2015 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>GDP (official exchange rate):</td><td> $218 billion (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>GDP - real growth rate:</td><td> 2.7% (2017 est.) 1.6% (2016 est.) 1.8% (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>GDP - per capita (PPP):</td><td> $30,500 (2017 est.) $29,600 (2016 est.) $29,100 (2015 est.) note: data are in 2017 dollars </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Gross national saving:</td><td> 16.8% of GDP (2017 est.) 16.1% of GDP (2016 est.) 15.9% of GDP (2015 est.) GDP - composition, by end use: household consumption: 65.1% (2017 est.) government consumption: 17.6% (2017 est.) investment in fixed capital: 16.2% (2017 est.) investment in inventories: 0.1% (2017 est.) exports of goods and services: 43.1% (2017 est.) imports of goods and services: -42.1% (2017 est.) GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 2.2% (2017 est.) industry: 22.1% (2017 est.) services: 75.7% (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Agriculture - products:</td><td> grain, potatoes, tomatoes, olives, grapes; sheep, cattle, goats, pigs, poultry, dairy products; fish</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Industries:</td><td> textiles, clothing, footwear, wood and cork, paper and pulp, chemicals, fuels and lubricants, automobiles and auto parts, base metals, minerals, porcelain and ceramics, glassware, technology, telecommunications; dairy products, wine, other foodstuffs; ship construction and refurbishment; tourism, plastics, financial services, optics</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Industrial production growth rate:</td><td> 3.5% (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Labor force:</td><td> 5.233 million (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Labor force - by occupation:</td><td> agriculture: 8.6% industry: 23.9% services: 67.5% (2014 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Unemployment rate:</td><td> 8.9% (2017 est.) 11.1% (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Population below poverty line:</td><td> 19% (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Household income or consumption by percentage share:</td><td> lowest 10%: 2.6% highest 10%: 25.9% (2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Distribution of family income - Gini index:</td><td> 33.9 (2015 est.) 34 (2014 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Budget:</td><td> revenues: 93.55 billion (2017 est.) expenditures: 100 billion (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Taxes and other revenues:</td><td> 42.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.) Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-): -3% (of GDP) (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Public debt:</td><td> 125.7% of GDP (2017 est.) 129.9% of GDP (2016 est.) note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Fiscal year:</td><td> calendar year</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Inflation rate (consumer prices):</td><td> 1.6% (2017 est.) 0.6% (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Current account balance:</td><td> $993 million (2017 est.) $1.218 billion (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Exports:</td><td> $61 billion (2017 est.) $54.76 billion (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Exports - commodities:</td><td> agricultural products, foodstuffs, wine, oil products, chemical products, plastics and rubber, hides, leather, wood and cork, wood pulp and paper, textile materials, clothing, footwear, machinery and tools, base metals</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Exports - partners:</td><td> Spain 25.2%, France 12.5%, Germany 11.3%, UK 6.6%, US 5.2%, Netherlands 4% (2017) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Imports:</td><td> $74.73 billion (2017 est.) $64.98 billion (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Imports - commodities:</td><td> agricultural products, chemical products, vehicles and other transport material, optical and precision instruments, computer accessories and parts, semiconductors and related devices, oil products, base metals, food products, textile materials</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Imports - partners:</td><td> Spain 32%, Germany 13.7%, France 7.4%, Italy 5.5%, Netherlands 5.4% (2017) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:</td><td> $26.11 billion (31 December 2017 est.) $19.4 billion (31 December 2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Debt - external:</td><td> $449 billion (31 March 2016 est.) $447 billion (31 March 2015 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:</td><td> $185.7 billion (31 December 2017 est.) $147.1 billion (31 December 2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:</td><td> $103.1 billion (31 December 2017 est.) $84.73 billion (31 December 2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Market value of publicly traded shares:</td><td> $59.84 billion (31 December 2015 est.) $57.77 billion (31 December 2014 est.) $79.18 billion (31 December 2013 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Exchange rates:</td><td> euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.885 (2017 est.) 0.903 (2016 est.) 0.9214 (2015 est.) 0.7525 (2014 est.) 0.7634 (2013 est.) </td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=energy>Energy</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - production:</td><td> 56.9 billion kWh (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - consumption:</td><td> 46.94 billion kWh (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - exports:</td><td> 9.701 billion kWh (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - imports:</td><td> 4.616 billion kWh (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - installed generating capacity:</td><td> 20.56 million kW (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - from fossil fuels:</td><td> 41% of total installed capacity (2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - from nuclear fuels:</td><td> 0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:</td><td> 25% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Electricity - from other renewable sources:</td><td> 35% of total installed capacity (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Crude oil - production:</td><td> 0 bbl/day (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Crude oil - exports:</td><td> 0 bbl/day (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Crude oil - imports:</td><td> 285,200 bbl/day (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Crude oil - proved reserves:</td><td> 0 bbl (1 January 2018 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Refined petroleum products - production:</td><td> 323,000 bbl/day (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Refined petroleum products - consumption:</td><td> 247,200 bbl/day (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Refined petroleum products - exports:</td><td> 143,500 bbl/day (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Refined petroleum products - imports:</td><td> 78,700 bbl/day (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural gas - production:</td><td> 0 cu m (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural gas - consumption:</td><td> 6.258 billion cu m (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural gas - exports:</td><td> 0 cu m (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural gas - imports:</td><td> 6.541 billion cu m (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Natural gas - proved reserves:</td><td> 0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:</td><td> 54.97 million Mt (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=communications>Communications</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Cellular Phones in use:</td><td> total subscriptions: 11,764,106 subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 109 (2017 est.) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Telephone system:</td><td> general assessment: Portugal's telephone system has a state-of-the-art network with broadband, high-speed capabilities; FttP by 2020; 3G comprehensive and 4G upgrades; 5G developing; LTE-A trials; DSL moves to fibre services; FttP for over 5 million customers by 2020 providing national coverage; (2018) domestic: integrated network of coaxial cables, open-wire, microwave radio relay, and domestic satellite earth stations; fixed-line 45 per 100 persons and mobile-cellular 109 per 100 persons (2018) international: country code - 351; a combination of submarine cables provide connectivity to Europe, North and East Africa, South Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and the US; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean),n/aEutelsat; tropospheric scatter to Azores; new cable to link Portugal with Brazil (2015) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Broadcast media:</td><td> Radio e Televisao de Portugal (RTP), the publicly owned TV broadcaster, operates 4 domestic channels and external service channels to Africa; overall, roughly 40 domestic TV stations; viewers have widespread access to international broadcasters with more than half of all households connected to multi-channel cable or satellite TV systems; publicly owned radio operates 3 national networks and provides regional and external services; several privately owned national radio stations and some 300 regional and local commercial radio stations</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Internet country code:</td><td> .pt</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Internet users:</td><td> total: 7,629,560 percent of population: 70.4% (July 2016 est.) </td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=transportation>Transportation</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Airports:</td><td> 64 (2013) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Airports (paved runways):</td><td> total 43 (2017) over 3,047 m: 5 (2017) 2,438 to 3,047 m: 7 (2017) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 8 (2017) 914 to 1,523 m: 15 (2017) under 914 m: 8 (2017) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Airports (unpaved runways):</td><td> total 21 (2013) 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2013) under 914 m: 20 (2013) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Pipelines:</td><td> 1344 km gas, 11 km oil, 188 km refined products (2013) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Railways:</td><td> total 3,075 km (2014) narrow gauge: 108.1 km 1.000-m gauge (2014) broad gauge: 2,439 km 1.668-m gauge (1,633.4 km electrified) (2014) other: 528 km (gauge unspecified) (2014) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Roadways:</td><td> total 82,900 km (2008) paved: 71,294 km (includes 2,613 km of expressways) (2008) unpaved: 11,606 km (2008) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Waterways:</td><td> 210 km (on Douro River from Porto) (2011) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Merchant marine:</td><td> total 576 by type: bulk carrier 68, container ship 236, general cargo 84, oil tanker 11, other 177 (2018) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Ports and terminals:</td><td> major seaport(s): Leixoes, Lisbon, Setubal, Sines container port(s) (TEUs): Sines (1,669,057) (2017) LNG terminal(s) (import): Sines</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=military>Military</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Military branches:</td><td> Portuguese Army (Exercito Portuguesa), Portuguese Navy (Marinha Portuguesa; includes Marine Corps), Portuguese Air Force (Forca Aerea Portuguesa, FAP) (2013) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Military service age and obligation:</td><td> 18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; no compulsory military service, but conscription possible if insufficient volunteers available; women serve in the armed forces, on naval ships since 1993, but are prohibited from serving in some combatant specialties; reserve obligation to age 35 (2012) </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Military expenditures:</td><td> 1.36% of GDP (2018) 1.24% of GDP (2017) 1.84% of GDP (2016) 1.79% of GDP (2015) 1.79% of GDP (2014) </td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 bgcolor=#266CAA style="padding:1px;"> <a name=issues>Transnational Issues</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2 height=5><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/invisible.gif height=5></td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Disputes - International:</td><td> Portugal does not recognize Spanish sovereignty over the territory of Olivenza based on a difference of interpretation of the 1815 Congress of Vienna and the 1801 Treaty of Badajoz </td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Refugees and internally displaced persons:</td><td> stateless persons: 14 (2018)</td></tr><tr><td valign=top align=right>Illicit drugs:</td><td> seizing record amounts of Latin American cocaine destined for Europe; a European gateway for Southwest Asian heroin; transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Europe; consumer of Southwest Asian heroin</td></tr><tr><td colspan=2><a href=#top>^Back to Top</a></td></tr></table> <select name="filter2" id="filter2" 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data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/lc.png">Saint Lucia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/mf/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/mf.png">Saint Martin</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/pm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pm.png">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vc.png">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ws/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ws.png">Samoa</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sm.png">San Marino</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/st/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/st.png">Sao Tome and Principe</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sa/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sa.png">Saudi Arabia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sn.png">Senegal</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/rs/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/rs.png">Serbia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sc.png">Seychelles</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sl.png">Sierra Leone</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sg/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sg.png">Singapore</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sx/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sx.png">Sint Maarten</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sk.png">Slovakia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/si/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/si.png">Slovenia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sb/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sb.png">Solomon Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/so/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/so.png">Somalia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/za/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/za.png">South Africa</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/kr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/kr.png">South Korea</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ss/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ss.png">South Sudan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/es/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/es.png">Spain</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/lk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/lk.png">Sri Lanka</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sd/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sd.png">Sudan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sr.png">Suriname</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sj/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sj.png">Svalbard</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sz.png">Eswatini</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/se/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/se.png">Sweden</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ch/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ch.png">Switzerland</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/sy/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/sy.png">Syria</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tw/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tw.png">Taiwan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tj/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tj.png">Tajikistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tz.png">Tanzania</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/th/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/th.png">Thailand</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/bs/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/bs.png">Bahamas</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gm.png">Gambia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tl/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tl.png">Timor-Leste</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tg/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tg.png">Togo</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tk/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tk.png">Tokelau</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/to/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/to.png">Tonga</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tt/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tt.png">Trinidad and Tobago</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tn.png">Tunisia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tr/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tr.png">Turkey</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tm.png">Turkmenistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tc/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tc.png">Turks and Caicos Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/tv/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/tv.png">Tuvalu</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ug/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ug.png">Uganda</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ua/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ua.png">Ukraine</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ae/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ae.png">United Arab Emirates</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/gb/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/gb.png">United Kingdom</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/us/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/us.png">United States</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/uy/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/uy.png">Uruguay</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/uz/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/uz.png">Uzbekistan</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vu/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vu.png">Vanuatu</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/va/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/va.png">Vatican City</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ve/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ve.png">Venezuela</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vn/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vn.png">Vietnam</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/vi/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/vi.png">U.S. Virgin Islands</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/wf/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/wf.png">Wallis and Futuna</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/eh/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/eh.png">Western Sahara</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/ye/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/ye.png">Yemen</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/zm/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/zm.png">Zambia</option><option value="https://s11.flagcounter.com/factbook/zw/" data-image="https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/zw.png">Zimbabwe</option></select>« <a href=/factbook/pl><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pl.png border=0 align=absbottom></a> <a href=/factbook/pl style="text-decoration:none;">Previous Country</a> | <a href=/factbook/pr style="text-decoration:none;">Next Country</a> <a href=/factbook/pr><img src=https://cdn.boardhost.com/flags/pr.png border=0 align=absbottom></a> »    Source: CIA - The World Factbook </blockquote> </td> </tr> </table> </div>  <script language="javascript"> $(document).ready(function(e) { try { $("body select").msDropDown(); } catch(e) { alert(e.message); } }); </script> <div class="cl"> </div> <h1 id="logo2"><a href="/index.html">Flag Counter</a></h1> <div class="cl"> </div> </div>  </div>  </div>   <div id="footer"> <div class="shell"> <div 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