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commodity</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Agricultural commodity"> <meta name="keywords" content="Agricultural commodity"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Agricultural commodity"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 461</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Agricultural commodity</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">461</span> Agricultural Commodities Volatility in Some Selected Markets in the Northern and Western States in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Danjuma">T. Danjuma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20M.%20Ike-Muonso"> N. M. Ike-Muonso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20C.%20Chinwenyi"> H. C. Chinwenyi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The price volatility of agricultural commodities in Nigeria market is very essential and understanding its future evolution is important for informed decision making to policymakers. In this paper, we examined the volatilities of some agricultural commodities such as maize (white), cowpeas (brown) and sorghum (white) in Mubi and Dawanau markets in the Northern part of the country and compared its volatilities with the same agricultural commodities from Lagos and Ibadan markets in the Western part of Nigeria.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agricultural%20commodity" title="Agricultural commodity">Agricultural commodity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=agricultural%20market" title=" agricultural market"> agricultural market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=derivatives" title=" derivatives"> derivatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=volatility" title=" volatility"> volatility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=price." title=" price."> price.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013791/agricultural-commodities-volatility-in-some-selected-markets-in-the-northern-and-western-states-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013791/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013791/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013791/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013791/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013791/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013791/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013791/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013791/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013791/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013791/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013791.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">56</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">460</span> An Application of the Data Mining Methods with Decision Rule</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xun%20Ge">Xun Ge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jianhua%20Gong"> Jianhua Gong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <h2 style="font-style:italic;"> </h2> <p>ankings for output of Chinese main agricultural commodity in the world for 1978, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2006, 2007 and 2008 have been released in United Nations FAO Database. Unfortunately, where the ranking of output of Chinese cotton lint in the world for 2008 was missed. This paper uses sequential data mining methods with decision rules filling this gap. This new data mining method will be help to give a further improvement for United Nations FAO Database.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ranking" title="Ranking">Ranking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=output%20of%20the%20main%20agricultural%20commodity" title=" output of the main agricultural commodity"> output of the main agricultural commodity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gross%20domestic%20product" title=" gross domestic product"> gross domestic product</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=decision%20table" title=" decision table"> decision table</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=information%20system" title=" information system"> information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=data%0D%0Amining" title=" data mining"> data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=decision%20rule" title=" decision rule"> decision rule</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17080/an-application-of-the-data-mining-methods-with-decision-rule" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17080/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17080/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17080/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17080/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17080/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17080/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17080/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17080/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17080/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17080/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17080.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1710</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">459</span> Efficient Utilization of Commodity Computers in Academic Institutes: A Cloud Computing Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jasraj%20Meena">Jasraj Meena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Malay%20Kumar"> Malay Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Manu%20Vardhan"> Manu Vardhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Cloud computing is a new technology in industry and academia. The technology has grown and matured in last half decade and proven their significant role in changing environment of IT infrastructure where cloud services and resources are offered over the network. Cloud technology enables users to use services and resources without being concerned about the technical implications of technology. There are substantial research work has been performed for the usage of cloud computing in educational institutes and majority of them provides cloud services over high-end blade servers or other high-end CPUs. However, this paper proposes a new stack called “CiCKAStack” which provide cloud services over unutilized computing resources, named as commodity computers. “CiCKAStack” provides IaaS and PaaS using underlying commodity computers. This will not only increasing the utilization of existing computing resources but also provide organize file system, on demand computing resource and design and development environment.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Commodity%20Computers" title="Commodity Computers">Commodity Computers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cloud%20Computing" title=" Cloud Computing"> Cloud Computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=KVM" title=" KVM"> KVM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cloudstack" title=" Cloudstack"> Cloudstack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Appscale." title=" Appscale."> Appscale.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001111/efficient-utilization-of-commodity-computers-in-academic-institutes-a-cloud-computing-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001111/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001111/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001111/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001111/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001111/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001111/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001111/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001111/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001111/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001111/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001111.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2016</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">458</span> Supply Chain Model of Catfish Production and Trade in Yogyakarta, Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kuncoro%20Harto%20Widodo"> Kuncoro Harto Widodo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Joewono%20Soemardjito"> Joewono Soemardjito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dwi%20Ardianta%20Kurniawan"> Dwi Ardianta Kurniawan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Currently, the demand for marine and fisheries commodity in Yogyakarta, Indonesia continues to increase. The existing condition shows that the aquaculture supply cannot be supplied by Yogyakarta region itself, but still need to be supported by regions outside Yogyakarta. The effort to optimize the market is initiated by reviewing and designing the supply chain of production and trade of aquaculture commodity in order to create the implementation of aquaculture production and trade commodity optimally. This formulated supply chain model indicates 4 performance indicators of measurable success in terms of: (1) efficiency; (2) flexibility; (3) responsiveness; and (4) quality. These indicators had been exercised as the success benchmarks for priority marketing management in local level as well as national level. The result of this research indicates that if the catfish fishery system is managed as business as usual then the catfish demand in Yogyakarta region will experience to increase in the future. The increase of demand is inline with the increase of number of people in Yogyakarta and also the fluctuation of catfish consumption per capita. The highest production of catfish will experience in the third year approximately 30,118 tons. Other result of the research indicates that the catfish demand in Yogyakarta region cannot be supplied yet from the local region. Therefore, to fulfill the supply from outside Yogyakarta region, the local farmers should improve the supply through land extension. The fluctuation of commodity price will experience in the future annually and the catfish supply from outside Yogyakarta region will be lowering the price in the market.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Supply%20chain%20model" title=" Supply chain model"> Supply chain model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=catfish" title=" catfish"> catfish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=flexibility" title=" flexibility"> flexibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16122/supply-chain-model-of-catfish-production-and-trade-in-yogyakarta-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16122/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16122/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16122/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16122/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16122/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16122/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16122/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16122/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16122/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16122/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16122.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">457</span> Consumer Market of Agricultural Products and Agricultural Policy in Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Erkomaishvili">G. Erkomaishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Kobalava"> M. Kobalava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Lazariashvili"> T. Lazariashvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Saghareishvili"> M. Saghareishvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The article discusses the consumer market of agricultural products and agricultural policy in Georgia. It is noted that development of the strategic areas of the agricultural sector needs a special support. These strategic areas should create the country's major export potential. It is important to develop strategies to access to the international markets, form extensive marketing network etc., which will become the basis for the promotion and revenue growth of the country. The Georgian agricultural sector, with the right state policy and support, can achieve success and gain access to the world market with competitive agricultural products. The paper discusses the current condition of agriculture, export and import of agricultural products and agricultural policy in Georgia. The conducted research concludes the information that there is an increasing demand on the green goods in the world market. Natural and climatic conditions of Georgia give a serious possibility of implementing it. The research presents an agricultural development strategy in Georgia and the findings and based on them recommendations are proposed.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agriculture" title="Agriculture">Agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=agricultural%20cooperative%20society%20agricultural%20insurance" title=" agricultural cooperative society agricultural insurance"> agricultural cooperative society agricultural insurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=agricultural%20policy" title=" agricultural policy"> agricultural policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=export-import%20of%20agricultural%20products." title=" export-import of agricultural products."> export-import of agricultural products.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007968/consumer-market-of-agricultural-products-and-agricultural-policy-in-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007968/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007968/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007968/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007968/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007968/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007968/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007968/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007968/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007968/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007968/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007968.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">456</span> Study of a BVAR(p) Process Applied to U.S. Commodity Market Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jan%20Sindelar">Jan Sindelar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The paper presents an applied study of a multivariate AR(p) process fitted to daily data from U.S. commodity futures markets with the use of Bayesian statistics. In the first part a detailed description of the methods used is given. In the second part two BVAR models are chosen one with assumption of lognormal, the second with normal distribution of prices conditioned on the parameters. For a comparison two simple benchmark models are chosen that are commonly used in todays Financial Mathematics. The article compares the quality of predictions of all the models, tries to find an adequate rate of forgetting of information and questions the validity of Efficient Market Hypothesis in the semi-strong form.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vector%20auto-regression" title="Vector auto-regression">Vector auto-regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=forecasting" title=" forecasting"> forecasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=financial" title=" financial"> financial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bayesian" title=" Bayesian"> Bayesian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=efficient%20markets." title=" efficient markets."> efficient markets.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1471/study-of-a-bvarp-process-applied-to-us-commodity-market-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1471/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1471/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1471/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1471/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1471/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1471/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1471/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1471/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1471/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1471/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">455</span> Integer Programming Model for the Network Design Problem with Facility Dependent Shortest Path Routing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Taehan%20Lee">Taehan Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We consider a network design problem which has shortest routing restriction based on the values determined by the installed facilities on each arc. In conventional multicommodity network design problem, a commodity can be routed through any possible path when the capacity is available. But, we consider a problem in which the commodity between two nodes must be routed on a path which has shortest metric value and the link metric value is determined by the installed facilities on the link. By this routing restriction, the problem has a distinct characteristic. We present an integer programming formulation containing the primal-dual optimality conditions to the shortest path routing. We give some computational results for the model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Integer%20programming" title="Integer programming">Integer programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=multicommodity%20network%0D%0Adesign" title=" multicommodity network design"> multicommodity network design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=routing" title=" routing"> routing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=shortest%20path." title=" shortest path."> shortest path.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005027/integer-programming-model-for-the-network-design-problem-with-facility-dependent-shortest-path-routing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005027/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005027/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005027/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005027/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005027/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005027/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005027/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005027/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005027/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005027/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1056</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">454</span> Stakeholder Analysis of Agricultural Drone Policy: A Case Study of the Agricultural Drone Ecosystem of Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thanomsin%20Chakreeves">Thanomsin Chakreeves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Atichat%20Preittigun"> Atichat Preittigun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ajchara%20Phu-ang"> Ajchara Phu-ang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper presents a stakeholder analysis of agricultural drone policies that meet the government's goal of building an agricultural drone ecosystem in Thailand. Firstly, case studies from other countries are reviewed. The stakeholder analysis method and qualitative data from the interviews are then presented including data from the Institute of Innovation and Management, the Office of National Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Policy Council, agricultural entrepreneurs and farmers. Study and interview data are then employed to describe the current ecosystem and to guide the implementation of agricultural drone policies that are suitable for the ecosystem of Thailand. Finally, policy recommendations are then made that the Thai government should adopt in the future.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Drone%20public%20policy" title="Drone public policy">Drone public policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=drone%20ecosystem" title=" drone ecosystem"> drone ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=policy%20development" title=" policy development"> policy development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=agricultural%20drone." title=" agricultural drone. "> agricultural drone. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011814/stakeholder-analysis-of-agricultural-drone-policy-a-case-study-of-the-agricultural-drone-ecosystem-of-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011814/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011814/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011814/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011814/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011814/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011814/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011814/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011814/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011814/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011814/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011814.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">807</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">453</span> Standard and Processing of Photodegradable Polyethylene</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nurul-Akidah%20M.%20Yusak">Nurul-Akidah M. Yusak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rahmah%20Mohamed"> Rahmah Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Noor%20Zuhaira%20Abd%20Aziz"> Noor Zuhaira Abd Aziz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The introduction of degradable plastic materials into agricultural sectors has represented a promising alternative to promote green agriculture and environmental friendly of modern farming practices. Major challenges of developing degradable agricultural films are to identify the most feasible types of degradation mechanisms, composition of degradable polymers and related processing techniques. The incorrect choice of degradable mechanisms to be applied during the degradation process will cause premature losses of mechanical performance and strength. In order to achieve controlled process of agricultural film degradation, the compositions of degradable agricultural film also important in order to stimulate degradation reaction at required interval of time and to achieve sustainability of the modern agricultural practices. A set of photodegradable polyethylene based agricultural film was developed and produced, following the selective optimization of processing parameters of the agricultural film manufacturing system. Example of agricultural films application for oil palm seedlings cultivation is presented.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Photodegradable%20polyethylene" title="Photodegradable polyethylene">Photodegradable polyethylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=plasticulture" title=" plasticulture"> plasticulture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=processing%20schemes." title=" processing schemes."> processing schemes.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001160/standard-and-processing-of-photodegradable-polyethylene" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001160/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001160/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001160/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001160/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001160/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001160/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001160/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001160/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001160/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001160/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3048</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">452</span> Impact of the Real Effective Exchange Rate (Reer) on Turkish Agricultural Trade</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Halil%20Fidan">Halil Fidan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, the autoregressive vectors are used to know dynamics of the Agricultural export and import, and the real effective exchange rate (REER). In order to analyze the interactions, the impulse- response function is used in decomposition of variance, causality of Granger as well as the methodology of Johansen to know the relations co integration. The REER causes agricultural export and import in the sense of Granger. The influence displays the innovations of the REER on the agricultural export and import is not very great and the duration of the effects is short. It displays that REER has an immediate positive effect, after the tenth year it displays smooth results on the agricultural export. Evidence of a vector exists co integration, In short run, REER has smaller effects on export and import, compared to the long-run effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agricultural%20import" title="Agricultural import">Agricultural import</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=agricultural%20export" title=" agricultural export"> agricultural export</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=autoregressive%20causality%20of%20granger" title=" autoregressive causality of granger"> autoregressive causality of granger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=impulse-response%20function" title=" impulse-response function"> impulse-response function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=long%0Arun" title=" long run"> long run</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=short%20run." title=" short run."> short run.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9329/impact-of-the-real-effective-exchange-rate-reer-on-turkish-agricultural-trade" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9329/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9329/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9329/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9329/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9329/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9329/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9329/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9329/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9329/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9329/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9329.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2578</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">451</span> The Common Agricultural Policy in a Czech Context</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mark%C3%A9ta%20Slov%C3%A1kov%C3%A1">Markéta Slováková</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The largest share of policy and money within the European Union goes to agriculture. The Union’s Common Agricultural Policy has undergone several transformations in the last five decades, with the main change taking place in the 1990s. This change influenced agriculture in the Czech Republic, inasmuch as the fledgling republic was preparing to join the European Union and adopt its policies. In the 1990s, Czech agriculture passed from a centrally planned economy to a market economy and subsequently adopted the terms of the Common Agricultural Policy. The Czech Republic is also characterized by a significant diversification of landscape sphere. Agricultural entrepreneurs in the Czech Republic are still not accustomed to the possibility of grants from the European Union. They focus rather on national or regional subsidies. Only half of all agricultural entrepreneurs in the Czech Republic use European subsidies. This article focuses on the introduction of the Common Agricultural Policy to the Czech Republic and its subsequent influence on Czech agriculture. It is demonstrated through the implementation rate of the CAP in the EU Member States and a closer focus on Czech integration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Common%20Agricultural%20Policy" title="Common Agricultural Policy">Common Agricultural Policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agriculture" title=" Agriculture"> Agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=European%0D%0AUnion" title=" European Union"> European Union</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Transformation." title=" Transformation."> Transformation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001378/the-common-agricultural-policy-in-a-czech-context" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001378/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001378/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001378/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001378/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001378/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001378/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001378/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001378/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001378/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001378/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001378.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">450</span> Multipurpose Agricultural Robot Platform: Conceptual Design of Control System Software for Autonomous Driving and Agricultural Operations Using Programmable Logic Controller</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Abhishesh">P. Abhishesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20S.%20Ryuh"> B. S. Ryuh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20S.%20Oh"> Y. S. Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20J.%20Moon"> H. J. Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Akanksha"> R. Akanksha </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper discusses about the conceptual design and development of the control system software using Programmable logic controller (PLC) for autonomous driving and agricultural operations of Multipurpose Agricultural Robot Platform (MARP). Based on given initial conditions by field analysis and desired agricultural operations, the structural design development of MARP is done using modelling and analysis tool. PLC, being robust and easy to use, has been used to design the autonomous control system of robot platform for desired parameters. The robot is capable of performing autonomous driving and three automatic agricultural operations, viz. hilling, mulching, and sowing of seeds in the respective order. The input received from various sensors on the field is later transmitted to the controller via ZigBee network to make the changes in the control program to get desired field output. The research is conducted to provide assistance to farmers by reducing labor hours for agricultural activities by implementing automation. This study will provide an alternative to the existing systems with machineries attached behind tractors and rigorous manual operations on agricultural field at effective cost.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agricultural%20operations" title="Agricultural operations">Agricultural operations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=autonomous%20driving" title=" autonomous driving"> autonomous driving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MARP" title=" MARP"> MARP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PLC." title=" PLC."> PLC.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006517/multipurpose-agricultural-robot-platform-conceptual-design-of-control-system-software-for-autonomous-driving-and-agricultural-operations-using-programmable-logic-controller" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006517/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006517/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006517/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006517/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006517/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006517/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006517/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006517/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006517/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006517/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">449</span> Problems Faced by the Agricultural Sector and Agribusiness Development Strategy in Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Kharaishvili">E. Kharaishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Erkomaishvili"> G. Erkomaishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Chavleishvili"> M. Chavleishvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The importance of agribusiness development is proved in accordance with the trends in the agricultural sector of Georgia. Agribusiness environment and the consequences of the agricultural reforms are evaluated. The factors hindering the development of agribusiness are revealed and the ways for overcoming these problems are suggested. SWOT analysis is done in order to identify the needs of agribusiness. The needs of agribusiness development in Georgia are evaluated by priorities: prevention of diseases and reduction of the harm caused by these diseases, accessibility of long-term agricultural loans with low interest rates, improving qualification of farmers, the level of education and usage of modern technologies, changes in legislation, accessibility to high quality agricultural machinery, and the development of infrastructure. Based on the outcomes of the research, agribusiness development strategies in Georgia are suggested and appropriate priorities of economic policy are determined. Conclusions are made and based on these conclusions, some recommendations are suggested. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agricultural%20sector" title="Agricultural sector">Agricultural sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=agribusiness%20development" title=" agribusiness development"> agribusiness development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=agribusiness%20strategy" title=" agribusiness strategy"> agribusiness strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=agribusiness%20in%20Georgia." title=" agribusiness in Georgia."> agribusiness in Georgia.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002878/problems-faced-by-the-agricultural-sector-and-agribusiness-development-strategy-in-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002878/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002878/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002878/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002878/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002878/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002878/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002878/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002878/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002878/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002878/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">448</span> Problems of Youth Employment in Agricultural Sector of Georgia and Causes of Migration </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Kharaishvili">E. Kharaishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Chavleishvili"> M. Chavleishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Lobzhanidze"> M. Lobzhanidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Damenia"> N. Damenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Sagareishvili"> N. Sagareishvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article substantiates that youth employment in Georgia, especially in the agricultural sector, is an acute socio-economic problem. The paper analyzes the indicators of youth employment and unemployment rates by age and gender in the agriculture sector. Research revealed that over the past decade, the unemployment rate in rural areas has decreased; however, the problem of unemployment is more sensitive than in the city in this field. The article established youth unemployment rates in rural areas; it assesses labor and educational migration causes. Based on the survey, there are proposed findings and recommendations of the agricultural sector about improving youth employment, reducing unemployment rate, reaching migration processes optimization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agricultural%20education" title="Agricultural education">Agricultural education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=the%20agricultural%20sector" title=" the agricultural sector"> the agricultural sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=unemployment%20rate" title=" unemployment rate"> unemployment rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=youth%20employment" title=" youth employment"> youth employment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=youth%20migration." title=" youth migration."> youth migration.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007967/problems-of-youth-employment-in-agricultural-sector-of-georgia-and-causes-of-migration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007967/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007967/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007967/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007967/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007967/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007967/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007967/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007967/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007967/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007967/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007967.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">447</span> Assessment of Investment Programs in Agriculture in Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Chavleishvili">M. Chavleishvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The paper presents the analysis of the current situation of agricultural development in Georgia. The investment environment that supports development of the agricultural sector is evaluated and the key priorities are identified. The analysis of the projects already implemented with state and EU support, as well as those that are being currently implemented is presented. The policy and the programs supporting development of agricultural sector are analyzed. Based on an analysis of the evaluations of experts and the primary accounting documents, the outcomes of investment programs, their advantages and disadvantages, are studied. Through identifying investment programs in the agricultural sector of Georgia, corresponding conclusions are made, based on which some recommendations are developed.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agriculture" title="Agriculture">Agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=investments" title=" investments"> investments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=investment%20programs" title=" investment programs"> investment programs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=projects." title=" projects."> projects.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004189/assessment-of-investment-programs-in-agriculture-in-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004189/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004189/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004189/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004189/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004189/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004189/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004189/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004189/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004189/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004189/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004189.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">446</span> A Survey on Ambient Intelligence in Agricultural Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Angel">C. Angel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Asha"> S. Asha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the advances made in various new technologies, application of these technologies for agriculture still remains a formidable task, as it involves integration of diverse domains for monitoring the different process involved in agricultural management. Advances in ambient intelligence technology represents one of the most powerful technology for increasing the yield of agricultural crops and to mitigate the impact of water scarcity, climatic change and methods for managing pests, weeds and diseases. This paper proposes a GPS-assisted, machine to machine solutions that combine information collected by multiple sensors for the automated management of paddy crops. To maintain the economic viability of paddy cultivation, the various techniques used in agriculture are discussed and a novel system which uses ambient intelligence technique is proposed in this paper. The ambient intelligence based agricultural system gives a great scope. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ambient%20Intelligence" title="Ambient Intelligence">Ambient Intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agricultural%20technology" title=" Agricultural technology"> Agricultural technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=smart%0D%0Aagriculture" title=" smart agriculture"> smart agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=precise%20farming." title=" precise farming."> precise farming.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002008/a-survey-on-ambient-intelligence-in-agricultural-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002008/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002008/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002008/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002008/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002008/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002008/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002008/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002008/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002008/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002008/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002008.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">445</span> Exchange Traded Products on the Warsaw Stock Exchange</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Piotr%20Prewysz-Kwinto">Piotr Prewysz-Kwinto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A dynamic development of financial market is accompanied by the emergence of new products on stock exchanges which give absolutely new possibilities of investing money. Currently, the most innovative financial instruments offered to investors are exchange traded products (ETP). They can be defined as financial instruments whose price depends on the value of the underlying instrument. Thus, they offer investors a possibility of making a profit that results from the change in value of the underlying instrument without having to buy it. Currently, the Warsaw Stock Exchange offers many types of ETPs. They are investment products with full or partial capital protection, products without capital protection as well as leverage products, issued on such underlying instruments as indices, sector indices, commodity indices, prices of energy commodities, precious metals, agricultural produce or prices of shares of domestic and foreign companies. This paper presents the mechanism of functioning of ETP available on the Warsaw Stock Exchange and the results of the analysis of statistical data on these financial instruments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Exchange%20traded%20products" title="Exchange traded products">Exchange traded products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=financial%20market" title=" financial market"> financial market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=investment" title=" investment"> investment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=stock%20exchange." title=" stock exchange. "> stock exchange. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004903/exchange-traded-products-on-the-warsaw-stock-exchange" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004903/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004903/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004903/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004903/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004903/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004903/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004903/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004903/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004903/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004903/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004903.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">444</span> IAS 41 Implementation Challenges – The Case of Romania</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Liliana%20Feleag%C4%83">Liliana Feleagă</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Niculae%20Feleag%C4%83"> Niculae Feleagă</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vasile%20R%C4%83ileanu"> Vasile Răileanu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although agriculture is an important part of the world economy, accounting in agriculture still has many shortcomings. The adoption of IAS 41 “Agriculture” has tried to improve this situation and increase the comparability of financial statements of entities in the agricultural sector. Although controversial, IAS 41 is the first step of a consistent transition to fair value assessment in the agricultural sector. The objective of our work is the analysis of IAS 41 and current accounting agricultural situation in Romania. Accounting regulations in Romania are in accordance with European directives and, in many respects, converged with IFRS referential. Provisions of IAS 41, however, are not reflected directly in Romanian regulations. With the increase of forest land transactions, it is expected that recognition and measurement of biological assets under IAS 41 to become a necessity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Accounting%20Agricultural" title="Accounting Agricultural">Accounting Agricultural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Biological%20Assets" title=" Biological Assets"> Biological Assets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fair%0D%0Avalue" title=" Fair value"> Fair value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=IAS%2041" title=" IAS 41"> IAS 41</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2508/ias-41-implementation-challenges-the-case-of-romania" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2508/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2508/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2508/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2508/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2508/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2508/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2508/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2508/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2508/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2508/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2508.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3962</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">443</span> Evaluating the Sustainability of Agricultural by Indicator that Appropriate to the Area of Ban Phaeo District, Samut Sakorn Province, Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Talisa">N. Talisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Rungsarid"> K. Rungsarid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Chakrit"> P. Chakrit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The objectives of the research are to study the existing agricultural patterns, and to evaluate the sustainability of agricultural on economic, social and environmental aspects. The samplings were the representatives of the agriculturist group from Ban Paew district, Samut Sakorn province by purposive sampling method of <span dir="RTL">3</span>0 households. The tools being used were interview forms together with the Rapid Rural Apprais<span dir="RTL">al</span> (RRA) and the Participation Rural Appraisal (PRA). The information collected was analyzed with the principle of Content Analysis andusing Descriptive Statistics<span dir="RTL">. </span>After that all the information gotten was analyze the sustainability on the household level and village level. The research result can be concluded as follows: The agricultural Patterns: For most of the cultivation main crop was fruit trees planted and the supplement crop was around the patch or added other plants in the trenches. There were trenches for the cultivating water. The product distribution was by selling (97.5%) and the selling to middle man was the highest number (62.5%). Evaluating the sustainability of the agricultural by the indicators which were appropriate to the area: For the agricultural sustainability on the household level it was found that only one household had sustainable, others household had conditioned sustainable. For on the village level it was found that the sustainability on the issue of agricultural knowledge training had the lowest level (Sustainability index = 31.67%). Secondary was the acknowledging about soil information (Sustainability index = 35.0), and the household labors on agriculture, net return over cash cost (Sustainability index = 55.0%) respectively. Performance percentage is 48.81 %. It was brought to the conclusion that this area did not have the agricultural sustainability.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sustainability%20of%20agricultural" title="Sustainability of agricultural">Sustainability of agricultural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sustainability%20indicators" title=" sustainability indicators"> sustainability indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sustainability%20index." title=" sustainability index."> sustainability index.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998859/evaluating-the-sustainability-of-agricultural-by-indicator-that-appropriate-to-the-area-of-ban-phaeo-district-samut-sakorn-province-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998859/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998859/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998859/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998859/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998859/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998859/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998859/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998859/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998859/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998859/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998859.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1654</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">442</span> An Integrated Biotechnology Database of the National Agricultural Information Center in Korea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chang%20Kug%20Kim">Chang Kug Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dong%20Suk%20Park"> Dong Suk Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Young%20Joo%20Seol"> Young Joo Seol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jang%20Ho%20Hahn"> Jang Ho Hahn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The National Agricultural Biotechnology Information Center (NABIC) plays a leading role in the biotechnology information database for agricultural plants in Korea. Since 2002, we have concentrated on functional genomics of major crops, building an integrated biotechnology database for agro-biotech information that focuses on bioinformatics of major agricultural resources such as rice, Chinese cabbage, and microorganisms. In the NABIC, integration-based biotechnology database provides useful information through a user-friendly web interface that allows analysis of genome infrastructure, multiple plants, microbial resources, and living modified organisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=biotechnology" title="biotechnology">biotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=database" title=" database"> database</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=genome%20information" title=" genome information"> genome information</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4041/an-integrated-biotechnology-database-of-the-national-agricultural-information-center-in-korea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4041/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4041/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4041/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4041/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4041/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4041/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4041/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4041/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4041/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4041/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4041.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2561</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">441</span> A Study on Fundamental Problems for Small and Medium Agricultural Machinery Industries in Central Region Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Thepnarintra">P. Thepnarintra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Nikorn"> S. Nikorn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agricultural machinery industry plays an important role in the industrial development especially the production industry of the country. There has been continuing development responding to the higher demand of the production. However, the problem in agricultural machinery production still exists. Thus, the purpose of this research is to investigate problems on fundamental factors of industry based on the entrepreneurs’ point of view. The focus was on the small and medium size industry receiving factory license type number 0660 from the Department of Industrial Works. The investigation was on the comparison between the management of the small and medium size agricultural industry in 3 provinces in the central region of Thailand. Population in this study consisted of 189 company managers or managing directors, of which 101 were from the small size and 88 were from the medium size industry. The data were analyzed to find percentage, arithmetic mean, and standard deviation with independent sample T-test at the statistical significance .05. The results showed that the small and medium size agricultural machinery manufacturers in the central region of Thailand reported high problems in every aspect. When compared the problems on basic factors in running the business, it was found that there was no statistically difference at .05 in managing of the small and medium size agricultural machinery manufacturers. However, there was a statistically significant difference between the small and medium size agricultural machinery manufacturers on the aspect of policy and services of the government. The problems reported by the small and medium size agricultural machinery manufacturers were the services on public tap water and the problem on politic and stability of the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agricultural%20machinery" title="Agricultural machinery">Agricultural machinery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=manufacturers" title=" manufacturers"> manufacturers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=problems" title=" problems"> problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=on%0D%0Arunning%20the%20business." title=" on running the business."> on running the business.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003097/a-study-on-fundamental-problems-for-small-and-medium-agricultural-machinery-industries-in-central-region-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003097/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003097/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003097/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003097/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003097/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003097/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003097/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003097/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003097/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003097/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003097.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">440</span> The Effect of a Free -Trade Agreement upon Agricultural Imports</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Andres%20G.%20Victorio">Andres G. Victorio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Montita%20Rungswang"> Montita Rungswang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A free-trade agreement is found to increase Thailand-s agricultural imports from New Zealand, despite the short span of time for which the agreement has been operational. The finding is described by autoregressive estimates that correct for possible unit roots in the data. The agreement-s effect upon imports is also estimated while considering an error-correction model of imports against gross domestic product. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agricultural%20imports" title="Agricultural imports">Agricultural imports</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=free%20trade" title=" free trade"> free trade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=unit%20roots" title=" unit roots"> unit roots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cointegration" title=" cointegration"> cointegration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=error%20correction." title="error correction.">error correction.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/773/the-effect-of-a-free-trade-agreement-upon-agricultural-imports" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/773/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/773/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/773/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/773/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/773/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/773/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/773/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/773/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/773/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/773/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1812</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">439</span> Principal Component Analysis for the Characterization in the Application of Some Soil Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kamolchanok%20Panishkan">Kamolchanok Panishkan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kanokporn%20Swangjang"> Kanokporn Swangjang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Natdhera%20Sanmanee"> Natdhera Sanmanee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Daoroong%20Sungthong"> Daoroong Sungthong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research is to study principal component analysis for classification of 67 soil samples collected from different agricultural areas in the western part of Thailand. Six soil properties were measured on the soil samples and are used as original variables. Principal component analysis is applied to reduce the number of original variables. A model based on the first two principal components accounts for 72.24% of total variance. Score plots of first two principal components were used to map with agricultural areas divided into horticulture, field crops and wetland. The results showed some relationships between soil properties and agricultural areas. PCA was shown to be a useful tool for agricultural areas classification based on soil properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20organic%20matter" title="soil organic matter">soil organic matter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=soil%20properties" title=" soil properties"> soil properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=principal%20components" title=" principal components"> principal components</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/principal-component-analysis-for-the-characterization-in-the-application-of-some-soil-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">438</span> Quality Management in Spice Paprika Production as a Synergy of Internal and External Quality Measures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%C3%89.%20K%C3%B3nya">É. Kónya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Szab%C3%B3"> E. Szabó</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Bata-Vid%C3%A1cs"> I. Bata-Vidács</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20De%C3%A1k"> T. Deák</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Ottucs%C3%A1k"> M. Ottucsák</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Ad%C3%A1nyi"> N. Adányi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Sz%C3%A9k%C3%A1cs"> A. Székács</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Spice paprika is a major spice commodity in the European Union (EU), produced locally and imported from non-EU countries, reported not only for chemical and microbiological contamination, but also for fraud. The effective interaction between producers’ quality management practices and government and EU activities is described on the example of spice paprika production and control in Hungary, a country of leading spice paprika producer and per capita consumer in Europe. To demonstrate the importance of various contamination factors in the Hungarian production and EU trade of spice paprika, several aspects concerning food safety of this commodity are presented. Alerts in the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) of the EU between 2005 and 2013, as well as Hungarian state inspection results on spice paprika in 2004 are discussed, and quality non-compliance claims regarding spice paprika among EU member states are summarized in by means of network analysis. Quality assurance measures established along the spice paprika production technology chain at the leading Hungarian spice paprika manufacturer, Kalocsai Fűszerpaprika Zrt. are surveyed with main critical control points identified. The structure and operation of the Hungarian state food safety inspection system is described. Concerted performance of the latter two quality management systems illustrates the effective interaction between internal (manufacturer) and external (state) quality control measures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Spice%20paprika" title="Spice paprika">Spice paprika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=quality%20control" title=" quality control"> quality control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reporting%20mechanisms" title=" reporting mechanisms"> reporting mechanisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=RASFF" title=" RASFF"> RASFF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=vulnerable%20points" title=" vulnerable points"> vulnerable points</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HACCP" title=" HACCP"> HACCP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BRC%20Global%20Standard." title=" BRC Global Standard."> BRC Global Standard.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004111/quality-management-in-spice-paprika-production-as-a-synergy-of-internal-and-external-quality-measures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004111/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004111/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004111/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004111/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004111/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004111/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004111/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004111/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004111/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004111/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004111.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1969</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">437</span> Information Dissemination System (IDS) Based E-Learning in Agricultural of Iran (Perception of Iranian Extension Agents)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20R.%20Ommani">A. R. Ommani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Chizari"> M. Chizari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The purpose of the study reported here was designing Information Dissemination System (IDS) based E-learning in agricultural of Iran. A questionnaire was developed to designing Information Dissemination System. The questionnaire was distributed to 96 extension agents who work for Management of Extension and Farming System of Khuzestan province of Iran. Data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Appropriate statistical procedures for description (frequencies, percent, means, and standard deviations) were used. In this study there was a significant relationship between the age , IT skill and knowledge, years of extension work, the extend of information seeking motivation, level of job satisfaction and level of education with use of information technology by extension agent. According to extension agents five factors were ranked respectively as five top essential items to designing Information Dissemination System (IDS) based E-learning in agricultural of Iran. These factors include: 1) Establish communication between farmers, coordinators (extension agents), agricultural experts, research centers, and community by information technology. 2) The communication between all should be mutual. 3) The information must be based farmers need. 4) Internet used as a facility to transfer the advanced agricultural information to the farming community. 5) Farmers can be illiterate and speak a local and they are not expected to use the system directly. Knowledge produced by the agricultural scientist must be transformed in to computer understandable presentation. To designing Information Dissemination System, electronic communication, in the agricultural society and rural areas must be developed. This communication must be mutual between all factors.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E-learning" title="E-learning">E-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=information%20dissemination%20system" title=" information dissemination system"> information dissemination system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=information%20technology." title=" information technology."> information technology.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2133/information-dissemination-system-ids-based-e-learning-in-agricultural-of-iran-perception-of-iranian-extension-agents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2133/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2133/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2133/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2133/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2133/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2133/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2133/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2133/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2133/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2133/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2133.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">436</span> Farming Production in Brazil: Innovation and Land-Sparing Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Isabela%20Romanha%20de%20Alcantara">Isabela Romanha de Alcantara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Eust%C3%A1quio%20Ribeiro%20Vieira%20Filho"> José Eustáquio Ribeiro Vieira Filho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Garcia%20Gasques"> José Garcia Gasques</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Innovation and technology can be determinant factors to ensure agricultural and sustainable growth, as well as productivity gains. Technical change has contributed considerably to supply agricultural expansion in Brazil. This agricultural growth could be achieved by incorporating more land or capital. If capital is the main source of agricultural growth, it is possible to increase production per unit of land. The objective of this paper is to estimate: 1) total factor productivity (TFP), which is measured in terms of the rate of output per unit of input; and 2) the land-saving effect (LSE) that is the amount of land required in the case that yield rate is constant over time. According to this study, from 1990 to 2019, it appears that 87% of Brazilian agriculture product growth comes from the gains of productivity; the remaining 13% comes from input growth. In the same period, the total LSE was roughly 400 Mha, which corresponds to 47% of the national territory. These effects reflect the greater efficiency of using productive factors, whose technical change has allowed an increase in the agricultural production based on productivity gains.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=agriculture" title="agriculture">agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=land-saving%20effect" title=" land-saving effect"> land-saving effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=livestock" title=" livestock"> livestock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=productivity" title=" productivity"> productivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012248/farming-production-in-brazil-innovation-and-land-sparing-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012248/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012248/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012248/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012248/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012248/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012248/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012248/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012248/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012248/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012248/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012248.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">793</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">435</span> Use of Cell Phone by Farmers and its Implication on Farmers- Production Capacity in Oyo State Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bolarinwa">Bolarinwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20K."> K. K.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Oyeyinka"> Oyeyinka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20A."> R. A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Relevant agricultural information disseminator (extension agent) ratio of 1:3500 farm families which become a menace to agricultural production capacity in developing countries necessitate this study. Out of 4 zones in the state, 24 extension agents in each zone, 4 extension agents using cell phones and 120 farmers using cell phone and 120 other farmers not using cell phone were purposively selected to give 240 farmers that participated in the research. Data were collected using interview guide and analysized using frequency, percentage and t-test.. Frequency of contact with agricultural information centers revealed that cell phone user farmers had greater means score of X 41.43 contact as against the low mean X19.32 contact recorded by farmers receiving agricultural information from extension agents not using cell phone and their production was statistically significant at P < 0.05. Usage of cell phone increase extension agent contact and increase farmers- production capacity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cell%20phone" title="Cell phone">Cell phone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=contact" title=" contact"> contact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=extension%20agents%20and%20production." title=" extension agents and production."> extension agents and production.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11792/use-of-cell-phone-by-farmers-and-its-implication-on-farmers-production-capacity-in-oyo-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11792/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11792/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11792/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11792/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11792/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11792/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11792/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11792/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11792/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11792/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11792.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2884</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">434</span> Process of Reprivatization of Agricultural Properties in the Selected European Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adam%20Niewiadomski">Adam Niewiadomski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Political transition of agricultural properties in Poland and the former German Democratic Republic (GDR) after 1989 had to include not only Reprivatization but also the issue of returning the properties in kind to their former owners. Restitution in kind applied in GDR to all forms of ownership which were subject to expropriation between 1933 and 1989 except for properties taken over during Soviet occupation in 1945-49. This issue was one of the flashpoints during the process of ownership changes. Privatization, limited as it was, took place in unequal legal environment where only one group of owners was privileged. Executing restitution in kind created a feeling of uncertainty among potential real estate buyers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reprivatization" title="Reprivatization">Reprivatization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=agricultural%20properties" title=" agricultural properties"> agricultural properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=German%20Democratic%20Republic" title=" German Democratic Republic"> German Democratic Republic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Privatization" title=" Privatization"> Privatization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10369/process-of-reprivatization-of-agricultural-properties-in-the-selected-european-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10369/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10369/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10369/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10369/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10369/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10369/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10369/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10369/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10369/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10369/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10369.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">433</span> Radioactivity of the Agricultural Soil in Northern Province of Serbia, Vojvodina</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Bikit">I. Bikit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Forkapic"> S. Forkapic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Nikolov"> J. Nikolov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Todorovic"> N. Todorovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Mrdja"> D. Mrdja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>During the year 1999, Serbia (ex Yugoslavia) and their northern province, Vojvodina, has been bombarded. Because of that general public believe is that this region was contaminated by depleted uranium and that there is a potential contaminant of agricultural products due to soil radioactivity. This paper presents the repeated analysis of agricultural soil samples in Vojvodina. The same investigation was carried out during the year 2001, and it was concluded that, based on the gamma-spectrometric analysis of 50 soil samples taken from the region of Vojvodina, there haven-t been registered any increase of radioactivity that could endanger the food production. We continue with the monitoring of this region. The comparison between those two sets of results is presented.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gamma%20spectrometry%20analysis" title="gamma spectrometry analysis">gamma spectrometry analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=radioactivity%20of%20theagricultural%20soil." title=" radioactivity of theagricultural soil."> radioactivity of theagricultural soil.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2483/radioactivity-of-the-agricultural-soil-in-northern-province-of-serbia-vojvodina" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2483/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2483/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2483/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2483/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2483/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2483/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2483/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2483/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2483/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2483/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1778</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">432</span> Designing a Multilingual Auction Website for Selling Agricultural Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Popa%20Cosmin">Popa Cosmin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chiran%20Aurel"> Chiran Aurel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aimed to identify the logical structure of data and particularities of developing and testing a website designed for selling farm products through online auctions. The research is based on a short literature review in the field and exploratory trials of some successful models from other industries, in order to identify the advantages of using such tool, as well as the optimal structure and functionality of an auction portal. In the last part, the study focuses on the results of testing the website by the potential beneficiaries. Conclusions of the study underlines that the particularities of some agricultural products could raise difficulties in the process of selling them through online auctions, but the use of such system it is perceived to bring significant improvements in the supply chain. The results of scientific investigations require a more detailed study regarding the importance of using quality standards for agricultural products sold via online auction, the impact that implementation of an online payment system could have on trade with agricultural products and problems which could arise in using the website in different countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E-commerce" title="E-commerce">E-commerce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=online%20auctions" title=" online auctions"> online auctions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=marketing." title=" marketing."> marketing.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14662/designing-a-multilingual-auction-website-for-selling-agricultural-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14662/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary 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