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margin: .1em .5em;"><b>[<span class="plainlinks plainlinksneverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Bullingdon_Club&action=edit&section=0"><font size="2">edit intro</font></a></span>]</b></div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:470px;"><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Special:Upload&wpDestFile=This_photo_of_David_Cameron_and_Boris_Johnson,_and_friends_of_theirs_in_their_Bullingdon_Club_livery,_and_similar_photos,_have_been_widely_reproduced_and_commented_upon.jpg" class="new" title="File:This photo of David Cameron and Boris Johnson, and friends of theirs in their Bullingdon Club livery, and similar photos, have been widely reproduced and commented upon.jpg">File:This photo of David Cameron and Boris Johnson, and friends of theirs in their Bullingdon Club livery, and similar photos, have been widely reproduced and commented upon.jpg</a> <div class="thumbcaption">This photo of David Cameron and Boris Johnson, and friends of theirs in their Bullingdon Club livery, have been widely reproduced and commented upon... (1) <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Edward_Sebastian_Grigg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Sebastian Grigg (page does not exist)">Edward Sebastian Grigg</a>, (2) <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a>, (3) <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Ralph_Perry_Robinson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralph Perry Robinson (page does not exist)">Ralph Perry Robinson</a>, (4) <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Ewen_Fergusson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ewen Fergusson (page does not exist)">Ewen Fergusson</a>, (5) <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Matthew_Benson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthew Benson (page does not exist)">Matthew Benson</a>, (6) <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Sebastian_James&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sebastian James (page does not exist)">Sebastian James</a>, (7) <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Jonathan_Ford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jonathan Ford (page does not exist)">Jonathan Ford</a>, (8) <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Harry_Eastwood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harry Eastwood (page does not exist)">Harry Eastwood</a>.</div></div></div> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:470px;"><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Special:Upload&wpDestFile=Who_doctored_the_toffs....jpg" class="new" title="File:Who doctored the toffs....jpg">File:Who doctored the toffs....jpg</a> <div class="thumbcaption">Journalist <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Peter_Hitchens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Hitchens (page does not exist)">Peter Hitchens</a> noted that this photo of members of the Bullingdon Club, taken in the early 1990s, has been doctored. At least two individuals images have been incompletely airbrushed out of the image. Individuals in the photo include <a href="/wiki/George_Osborne" title="George Osborne">George Osborne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Rothschild" title="Nathaniel Rothschild">Nathaniel Rothschild</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Mount" title="Harry Mount">Harry Mount</a>, <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Jason_Gissing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jason Gissing (page does not exist)">Jason Gissing</a>, <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Chris_Coleridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chris Coleridge (page does not exist)">Chris Coleridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Lupus_von_Maltzahn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lupus von Maltzahn (page does not exist)">Lupus von Maltzahn</a>, <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Peter_Holmes_a_Court&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Holmes a Court (page does not exist)">Peter Holmes a Court</a> and the late <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Mark_Petre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mark Petre (page does not exist)">Mark Petre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MailSunday2008-10-25_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MailSunday2008-10-25-1">[1]</a></sup></div></div></div> <p>The <b>Bullingdon Club</b> is a long-established club for students at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian2022-06-16_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian2022-06-16-2">[2]</a></sup> </p><p>Originally founded as a club to support <a href="/wiki/Sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports">sports</a>, at Oxford, like <a href="/wiki/Cricket" class="mw-redirect" title="Cricket">cricket</a>, by the late 20th century, its members were notorious for vandalism, sexism, drunken rowdiness, and elitism.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian2022-06-16_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian2022-06-16-2">[2]</a></sup> By the 21st century the bad behaviour of club members, like future <a href="/wiki/Prime_Ministers_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom">Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a> had caused the club membership to dwindle.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCNews2010-05-11_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCNews2010-05-11-3">[3]</a></sup> In 2018 the <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Oxford_Conservative_Party_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford Conservative Party Association (page does not exist)">Oxford Conservative Party Association</a> barred Club members from leadership positions within the Association.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian2018-10-14_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian2018-10-14-4">[4]</a></sup> </p><p>When Johnson was Prime Minister he was criticized for appointing individuals, who had been his friends in the club, to posts for which they seem unqualified.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian2022-06-16_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian2022-06-16-2">[2]</a></sup> </p><p>Johnson was widely criticized for appointing former Bullingdon Club member <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Ewen_Fergusson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ewen Fergusson (page does not exist)">Ewen Fergusson</a> to the <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Committee_on_Standards_in_Public_Life&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Committee on Standards in Public Life (page does not exist)">Committee on Standards in Public Life</a> - a committee intended to rout out corrupt activities.<sup id="cite_ref-Mirror2021-08-02_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mirror2021-08-02-5">[5]</a></sup> Ferguson was the 173 choice in a ranking of possible candidates for committee membership.<sup id="cite_ref-independent2021-08-02_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-independent2021-08-02-6">[6]</a></sup> </p><p>Even after the earlier criticism for appointing other friends of his, on September 2, 2022 - less than a week before his scheduled retirement as Prime Minister, Johnson appointed former club member <a href="/wiki/Harry_Mount" title="Harry Mount">Harry Mount</a> to the <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=House_of_Lords_appointments_commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="House of Lords appointments commission (page does not exist)">House of Lords appointments commission</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian2022-09-02_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian2022-09-02-7">[7]</a></sup> Mount is the author of <i>"<a href="/wiki/index.php?title=The_Wit_and_Wisdom_of_Boris_Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Wit and Wisdom of Boris Johnson (page does not exist)">The Wit and Wisdom of Boris Johnson</a>"</i>. </p><p>The club was mocked by <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Evelyn_Waugh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evelyn Waugh (page does not exist)">Evelyn Waugh</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Brideshead_Revisited&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brideshead Revisited (page does not exist)">Brideshead Revisited</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Decline_and_Fall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Decline and Fall (page does not exist)">Decline and Fall</a></i>, and in the 2014 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Riot_Club" title="The Riot Club">The Riot Club</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-radiotimes2017-03-31_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-radiotimes2017-03-31-8">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-theguardian2022-06-16_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian2022-06-16-2">[2]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Members_include">Members include</span></h2> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Members include </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>name</th> <th>period</th> <th>notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Prince_Leopold,_Duke_of_Albany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany (page does not exist)">Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany</a></td> <td>1870s</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a>'s youngest son<sup id="cite_ref-LeopoldYoungestSon_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LeopoldYoungestSon-9">[9]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Vajiravudh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vajiravudh (page does not exist)">Rama VI</a></td> <td>1900s</td> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=King_of_Siam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="King of Siam (page does not exist)">King of Siam</a> (1881–1925)<sup id="cite_ref-HistoryOfThailand1986_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HistoryOfThailand1986-10">[10]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Prince_Paul_of_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prince Paul of Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Prince Paul of Yugoslavia</a></td> <td>1910s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-PaulOfYugoslavia1980_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PaulOfYugoslavia1980-11">[11]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_VIII" title="Edward VIII">Edward VIII</a></td> <td>1913</td> <td>His mother <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Queen_Mary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Queen Mary (page does not exist)">Queen Mary</a>, forced him to resign.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes1913-05-28_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes1913-05-28-12">[12]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JGSinclair_Portrait-of-Oxford_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JGSinclair_Portrait-of-Oxford-13">[13]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes1927-02-23_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes1927-02-23-14">[14]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Frederick_IX_of_Denmark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederick IX of Denmark (page does not exist)">Frederick IX of Denmark</a></td> <td>1920s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-JGSinclair_Portrait-of-Oxford_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JGSinclair_Portrait-of-Oxford-13">[13]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Charles_Douglas-Home,_12th_Earl_of_Home&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Douglas-Home, 12th Earl of Home (page does not exist)">Charles Douglas-Home, 12th Earl of Home</a></td> <td>1850s</td> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Lord_Lieutenant_of_Lanarkshire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lord Lieutenant of Lanarkshire (page does not exist)">Lord Lieutenant of Lanarkshire</a> (1890–1915) and <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Lord_Lieutenant_of_Berwickshire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lord Lieutenant of Berwickshire (page does not exist)">Lord Lieutenant of Berwickshire</a> (1879–1880) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Henry_Chaplin,_1st_Viscount_Chaplin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Chaplin, 1st Viscount Chaplin (page does not exist)">Henry Chaplin, 1st Viscount Chaplin</a></td> <td>1860s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-GayMonarch1956_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GayMonarch1956-15">[15]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Archibald_Primrose,_5th_Earl_of_Rosebery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery (page does not exist)">Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery</a></td> <td>1860s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Freeman2011_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Freeman2011-16">[16]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Walter_Long,_1st_Viscount_Long&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Long, 1st Viscount Long (page does not exist)">Walter Long, 1st Viscount Long</a></td> <td>1870s</td> <td>The club was bankrupt, when he assumed the Presidency.<sup id="cite_ref-MemoriesWalterLong_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MemoriesWalterLong-17">[17]</a></sup> According to his autobiography he was successful at reducing the vandalism of his fellow members. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=William_Grenfell,_1st_Baron_Desborough&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Grenfell, 1st Baron Desborough (page does not exist)">William Grenfell, 1st Baron Desborough</a></td> <td>1870s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-JGSinclair_Portrait-of-Oxford_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JGSinclair_Portrait-of-Oxford-13">[13]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=George_Curzon,_1st_Marquess_Curzon_of_Kedleston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston (page does not exist)">George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston</a></td> <td>1880s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-JGSinclair_Portrait-of-Oxford_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JGSinclair_Portrait-of-Oxford-13">[13]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=George_Gibbs,_1st_Baron_Wraxall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Gibbs, 1st Baron Wraxall (page does not exist)">George Gibbs, 1st Baron Wraxall</a></td> <td>1890s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-MillerNationalTrust2003_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MillerNationalTrust2003-18">[18]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Prince <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Felix_Yussupov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Felix Yussupov (page does not exist)">Felix Yussupov</a></td> <td>1900s</td> <td>Later accused of playing a role in the murder of <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Rasputin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rasputin (page does not exist)">Rasputin</a><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1917-01-14_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_1917-01-14-19">[19]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Jack_Gordon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jack Gordon (page does not exist)">Jack Gordon</a></td> <td>1900s</td> <td>Club President<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1917-01-14_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_1917-01-14-19">[19]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Prince <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Serge_Obolensky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serge Obolensky (page does not exist)">Serge Obolensky</a> (1890–1978)<sup id="cite_ref-Obolensky1958_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obolensky1958-20">[20]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Walter_Montagu_Douglas_Scott,_8th_Duke_of_Buccleuch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 8th Duke of Buccleuch (page does not exist)">Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 8th Duke of Buccleuch</a></td> <td>1910s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Obolensky1958_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obolensky1958-20">[20]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Frank_Pakenham,_7th_Earl_of_Longford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford (page does not exist)">Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford</a></td> <td>1920s</td> <td>In spite of his privileged upbringing, he became a socialist.<sup id="cite_ref-TheIndependent2001-08-06_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheIndependent2001-08-06-21">[21]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Arthur_Valerian_Wellesley,_8th_Duke_of_Wellington&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Valerian Wellesley, 8th Duke of Wellington (page does not exist)">Arthur Valerian Wellesley, 8th Duke of Wellington</a></td> <td>1930s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-DailyTelegraph2014-12-31_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DailyTelegraph2014-12-31-22">[22]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=John_Scott,_9th_Duke_of_Buccleuch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch (page does not exist)">John Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch</a></td> <td>1940s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-TheIndependent2007-09-06_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheIndependent2007-09-06-23">[23]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Edward_Douglas-Scott-Montagu,_3rd_Baron_Montagu_of_Beaulieu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Douglas-Scott-Montagu, 3rd Baron Montagu of Beaulieu (page does not exist)">Lord Montagu of Beaulieu</a></td> <td>1940s</td> <td>Left Oxford in 1945 after a fight with the Dramatic Club left his room wrecked.<sup id="cite_ref-bournemouthecho2015-09-02_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bournemouthecho2015-09-02-24">[24]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=David_Ogilvy,_13th_Earl_of_Airlie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Ogilvy, 13th Earl of Airlie (page does not exist)">David Ogilvy, 13th Earl of Airlie</a></td> <td>1940s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Independent2015-05-05_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent2015-05-05-25">[25]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Timothy_Beaumont,_Baron_Beaumont_of_Whitley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timothy Beaumont, Baron Beaumont of Whitley (page does not exist)">Timothy Beaumont, Baron Beaumont of Whitley</a></td> <td>1940s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-theguardian2008-04-11_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian2008-04-11-26">[26]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Alexander_Thynn,_7th_Marquess_of_Bath&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander Thynn, 7th Marquess of Bath (page does not exist)">Alexander Thynn, 7th Marquess of Bath</a></td> <td>1950s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Marquess_of_Bath_Autobiography_1999_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marquess_of_Bath_Autobiography_1999-27">[27]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Peter_Palumbo,_Baron_Palumbo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Palumbo, Baron Palumbo (page does not exist)">Peter Palumbo, Baron Palumbo</a></td> <td>1950s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Independent2015-05-05_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent2015-05-05-25">[25]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Michael_Ancram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Ancram (page does not exist)">Michael Kerr, 13th Marquess of Lothian</a></td> <td>1950s</td> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Deputy_Leader_of_the_Conservative_Party_(UK)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deputy Leader of the Conservative Party (UK) (page does not exist)">Deputy Leader of the Conservative Party</a> (2001–2005) and <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Chairman_of_the_Conservative_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chairman of the Conservative Party (page does not exist)">Chairman of the Conservative Party</a> (1998–2001)<sup id="cite_ref-imageshack_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imageshack-28">[28]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Richard_Scott,_10th_Duke_of_Buccleuch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch (page does not exist)">Richard Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch</a></td> <td>1970s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Independent2015-05-05_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent2015-05-05-25">[25]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Gottfried_von_Bismarck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gottfried von Bismarck (page does not exist)">Count Gottfried von Bismarck</a></td> <td>1980s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-DailyTelegraph2007-07-05_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DailyTelegraph2007-07-05-29">[29]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Shivraj_Singh_of_Jodhpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shivraj Singh of Jodhpur (page does not exist)">Shivraj Singh of Jodhpur</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Independent2015-05-05_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent2015-05-05-25">[25]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Arthur_Wellesley,_Earl_of_Mornington&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arthur Wellesley, Earl of Mornington (page does not exist)">Arthur Wellesley, Earl of Mornington</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-Independent2015-05-05_25-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent2015-05-05-25">[25]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Edward_Windsor,_Lord_Downpatrick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Windsor, Lord Downpatrick (page does not exist)">Edward Windsor, Lord Downpatrick</a> (1988–)<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph2016-08-12_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph2016-08-12-30">[30]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Edward_Sebastian_Grigg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Sebastian Grigg (page does not exist)">Edward Sebastian Grigg</a></td> <td>1980s</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a></td> <td>1980s</td> <td>Later served as Prime Minister. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Ralph_Perry_Robinson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralph Perry Robinson (page does not exist)">Ralph Perry Robinson</a></td> <td>1980s</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Ewen_Fergusson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ewen Fergusson (page does not exist)">Ewen Fergusson</a></td> <td>1980s</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Matthew_Benson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthew Benson (page does not exist)">Matthew Benson</a></td> <td>1980s</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Sebastian_James&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sebastian James (page does not exist)">Sebastian James</a></td> <td>1980s</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Jonathan_Ford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jonathan Ford (page does not exist)">Jonathan Ford</a></td> <td>1980s</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a></td> <td>1980s</td> <td>Later served as Prime Minister. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Harry_Eastwood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harry Eastwood (page does not exist)">Harry Eastwood</a></td> <td>1980s</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Osborne" title="George Osborne">George Osborne</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td>Served as <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes2008-10-22_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes2008-10-22-31">[31]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes2009-10-16_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes2009-10-16-32">[32]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Rothschild" title="Nathaniel Rothschild">Nathaniel Rothschild</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td>A hedge fund financier.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes2008-10-22_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes2008-10-22-31">[31]</a></sup> Had a high-profile breach in his friendship with fellow Bullingdon member <a href="/wiki/George_Osborne" title="George Osborne">George Osborne</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Jason_Gissing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jason Gissing (page does not exist)">Jason Gissing</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td>A founder of <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Ocado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ocado (page does not exist)">Ocado</a>, a successful online grocery delivery service.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian2008-10-26_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian2008-10-26-33">[33]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dailymail2007-04-07_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dailymail2007-04-07-34">[34]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Chris_Coleridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chris Coleridge (page does not exist)">Chris Coleridge</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td>From the Coleridge family of publishers, he founded a firm that successfully marketed "vitamin water".<sup id="cite_ref-dailymail2007-04-07_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dailymail2007-04-07-34">[34]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Lupus_von_Maltzahn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lupus von Maltzahn (page does not exist)">Lupus von Maltzahn</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td>A German from a family with inherited wealth.<sup id="cite_ref-dailymail2007-04-07_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dailymail2007-04-07-34">[34]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Mark_Petre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mark Petre (page does not exist)">Mark Petre</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td>Heir to a hereditary title, died in 2004, if his father had pre-deceased him he would have been the 19th <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Baron_Petre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baron Petre (page does not exist)">Baron Petre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dailymail2007-04-07_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dailymail2007-04-07-34">[34]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Peter_Holmes_a_Court&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Holmes a Court (page does not exist)">Peter Holmes a Court</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td>A theatre empressario and owner of a <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Rugby_club&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rugby club (page does not exist)">Rugby club</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dailymail2007-04-07_34-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dailymail2007-04-07-34">[34]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Michael_Gove&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Gove (page does not exist)">Michael Gove</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td><i>"Shadow Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families, former president of the Oxford Union"</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14-35">[35]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Adam_Bruce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adam Bruce (page does not exist)">Adam Bruce</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td><i>"Son of the <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Earl_of_Elgin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Earl of Elgin (page does not exist)">Earl of Elgin</a> and incumbent <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Unicorn_Pursuivant_of_Arms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unicorn Pursuivant of Arms (page does not exist)">Unicorn Pursuivant of Arms</a>"</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14-35">[35]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Edward_Vaizey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Vaizey (page does not exist)">Edward Vaizey</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td><i>"son of Lord Vaizey and the Shadow Minister for Culture"</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14-35">[35]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Nicholas_Boles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicholas Boles (page does not exist)">Nicholas Boles</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td><i>"Founder of Think Tank Policy Exchange, and conservative activist."</i><sup id="cite_ref-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14-35">[35]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Steven_Hilton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steven Hilton (page does not exist)">Steven Hilton</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td><i>"director of strategy for Cameron and godfather of Cameron’s children."</i><sup id="cite_ref-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14_35-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14-35">[35]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Robin_Leigh_Pemberton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robin Leigh Pemberton (page does not exist)">Robin Leigh Pemberton</a></td> <td>1990s</td> <td>Later served as <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Governor_of_the_Bank_of_England&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Governor of the Bank of England (page does not exist)">Governor of the Bank of England</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DailyBeast2020-07-07_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DailyBeast2020-07-07-36">[36]</a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h2> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-MailSunday2008-10-25-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-MailSunday2008-10-25_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Peter_Hitchens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Hitchens (page does not exist)">Peter Hitchens</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hitchensblog.mailonsunday.co.uk/2008/10/who-doctored-th.html">Who doctored the toffs?</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Mail_on_Sunday&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mail on Sunday (page does not exist)">Mail on Sunday</a></i>, 2008-10-25. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. “To the left of the middle, there’s a mysterious gap where somebody ought to be standing but isn’t.” <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211231024107/https://hitchensblog.mailonsunday.co.uk/2008/10/who-doctored-th.html">mirror</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-theguardian2022-06-16-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-theguardian2022-06-16_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-theguardian2022-06-16_2-1">2.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-theguardian2022-06-16_2-2">2.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-theguardian2022-06-16_2-3">2.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> Harriet Sherwood. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/jul/07/oxford-bullingdon-club-boris-johnson-sexism-violence-bullying-culture">Sexism, vandalism and bullying: inside the Boris Johnson-era Bullingdon Club</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, 2019-07-07. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. “Now new light has been shed on the outrageous antics of the Bullingdon Club – the Oxford University group that may be about to produce its second British prime minister – by someone intimately connected to it during Boris Johnson’s membership.” <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220616123209/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/jul/07/oxford-bullingdon-club-boris-johnson-sexism-violence-bullying-culture">mirror</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCNews2010-05-11-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-BBCNews2010-05-11_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Brian Wheeler. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/election_2010/8661964.stm">David Cameron: Life and times of new UK Prime Minister</a>, <i>BBC News</i>, 2010-05-11. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. “He was captain of Brasenose College's tennis team and a member of the Bullingdon dining club, famed for its hard drinking and bad behaviour, an episode Mr Cameron has always refused to talk about.” <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220529235838/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/election_2010/8661964.stm">mirror</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-theguardian2018-10-14-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-theguardian2018-10-14_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Barbara Ellen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/oct/14/bullingdon-is-on-its-uppers-lets-celebrate-by-trashing-a-restaurant">The Bullingdon is on its uppers. Let’s all celebrate by trashing a restaurant</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, 2018-10-14. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. “While past members include David Cameron, Boris Johnson and George Osborne, people recently invited to join the Bullingdon have been turning it down, those who join are branded “losers” and, in 2016, it was said to be on the brink of closure for lack of members.” <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220212023207/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/oct/14/bullingdon-is-on-its-uppers-lets-celebrate-by-trashing-a-restaurant">mirror</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mirror2021-08-02-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Mirror2021-08-02_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Rachel Wearmouth. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/politics/boris-johnsons-bullingdon-club-chum-24669503">Boris Johnson's Bullingdon club 'chum' selected out of 173 applicants for sleaze watchdog</a>, <i>The Mirror</i>, 2021-08-02. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-independent2021-08-02-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-independent2021-08-02_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Jon Stone. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/boris-johnson-sleaze-committee-standards-public-life-b1895212.html">Government passed over 171 candidates to pick Bullingdon Club ‘chum’ of Boris Johnson for sleaze watchdog role</a>, <i>The Independent</i>, 2021-08-02. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. “The longtime friend of the prime minister was appointed to scrutinise him after an advisory panel had “carefully considered all applications”, she said.” </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-theguardian2022-09-02-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-theguardian2022-09-02_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Matthew Weaver, Henry Dyer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2022/sep/02/boris-johnson-gives-peerages-job-author-book-wit-wisdom-harry-mount">Boris Johnson gives peerages job to author of book on his ‘wit and wisdom’</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, 2022-09-02. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. “Boris Johnson has sparked fresh accusations of cronyism after choosing the author of a book on his <span style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>wit and wisdom<span style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span> to help oversee the appointment of new peers to the House of Lords.” <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220904170726/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2022/sep/02/boris-johnson-gives-peerages-job-author-book-wit-wisdom-harry-mount">mirror</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-radiotimes2017-03-31-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-radiotimes2017-03-31_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Eleanor Bley Griffiths. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/comedy/did-decline-and-falls-bollinger-club-really-exist-evelyn-waugh-and-his-bullingdon-club-inspiration/">Did Decline and Fall's Bollinger Club really exist? Evelyn Waugh and his Bullingdon Club inspiration</a>, <i>Radio Times</i>, 2017-03-31. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. “The Bollinger Club is, of course, a barely-concealed version of the real-life Bullingdon Club.” <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210506095009/https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/comedy/did-decline-and-falls-bollinger-club-really-exist-evelyn-waugh-and-his-bullingdon-club-inspiration/">mirror</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LeopoldYoungestSon-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-LeopoldYoungestSon_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Charlotte Zeepvat (1998). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.ca/books?id=1GdnAAAAMAAJ">Prince Leopold: The Untold Story of Queen Victoria's Youngest Son</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Sutton_(publisher)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sutton (publisher) (page does not exist)">Sutton</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780750913089" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-7509-1308-9</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prince+Leopold%3A+The+Untold+Story+of+Queen+Victoria%27s+Youngest+Son&rft.title=Prince+Leopold%3A+The+Untold+Story+of+Queen+Victoria%27s+Youngest+Son&rft.au=Charlotte+Zeepvat&rft.date=1998&rft.pub=%5B%5BSutton+%28publisher%29%7CSutton%5D%5D&rft.isbn=978-0-7509-1308-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.ca%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1GdnAAAAMAAJ"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HistoryOfThailand1986-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-HistoryOfThailand1986_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Rong Syamananda (1986). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.ca/books?id=6pFuAAAAMAAJ">A History of Thailand</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Chulalongkorn_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chulalongkorn University (page does not exist)">Chulalongkorn University</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Thailand&rft.title=A+History+of+Thailand&rft.au=Rong+Syamananda&rft.date=1986&rft.pub=%5B%5BChulalongkorn+University%5D%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.ca%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6pFuAAAAMAAJ"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PaulOfYugoslavia1980-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PaulOfYugoslavia1980_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Neil Balfour, Sally Mackay (1980). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.ca/books?id=EMi6AAAAIAAJ">Paul of Yugoslavia: Britain's Maligned Friend</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=H._Hamilton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H. Hamilton (page does not exist)">H. Hamilton</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780241103920" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-241-10392-0</a>. Retrieved on 2024-04-26.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paul+of+Yugoslavia%3A+Britain%27s+Maligned+Friend&rft.title=Paul+of+Yugoslavia%3A+Britain%27s+Maligned+Friend&rft.au=Neil+Balfour%2C+Sally+Mackay&rft.date=1980&rft.pub=%5B%5BH.+Hamilton%5D%5D&rft.isbn=978-0-241-10392-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.ca%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEMi6AAAAIAAJ"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes1913-05-28-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes1913-05-28_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1913/05/28/archives/wales-in-trouble-over-club-supper-queen-mary-orders-the-prince-to.html">WALES IN TROUBLE OVER CLUB SUPPER; Queen Mary Orders the Prince to Resign from the Lively Bullingdon at Oxford.</a>, <i>New York Times</i>, 1913-05-28. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JGSinclair_Portrait-of-Oxford-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-JGSinclair_Portrait-of-Oxford_13-0">13.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-JGSinclair_Portrait-of-Oxford_13-1">13.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-JGSinclair_Portrait-of-Oxford_13-2">13.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-JGSinclair_Portrait-of-Oxford_13-3">13.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">J.G. Sinclair (2007). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kxwXUk-JNAAC&pg=PA111">Portrait of Oxford</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Read_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Read Books (page does not exist)">Read Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781406745856" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4067-4585-6</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Portrait+of+Oxford&rft.title=Portrait+of+Oxford&rft.au=J.G.+Sinclair&rft.date=2007&rft.pub=%5B%5BRead+Books%5D%5D&rft.isbn=978-1-4067-4585-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkxwXUk-JNAAC%26pg%3DPA111"> </span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes1927-02-23-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes1927-02-23_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1927/02/23/archives/smash-windows-at-oxford-bullingdon-club-students-stage-disorder-at.html">SMASH WINDOWS AT OXFORD; Bullingdon Club Students Stage Disorder at Christ Church College.</a>, <i>New York Times</i>, 1927-02-23, p. A1. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GayMonarch1956-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-GayMonarch1956_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Virginia Cowles (1956). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.ca/books?id=mXgZAAAAIAAJ">Gay Monarch: The Life and Pleasures of Edward VII.</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Harper_%26_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harper & Brothers (page does not exist)">Harper & Brothers</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gay+Monarch%3A+The+Life+and+Pleasures+of+Edward+VII.&rft.title=Gay+Monarch%3A+The+Life+and+Pleasures+of+Edward+VII.&rft.au=Virginia+Cowles&rft.date=1956&rft.pub=%5B%5BHarper+%26+Brothers%5D%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.ca%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmXgZAAAAIAAJ"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Freeman2011-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Freeman2011_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Nicholas Freeman (2011). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oBs22N9l61kC&pg=PA55">title=1895: Drama, Disaster and Disgrace in Late Victorian Britain</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Edinburgh_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edinburgh University Press (page does not exist)">Edinburgh University Press</a>, 55. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780748640560" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-7486-4056-0</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=title%3D1895%3A+Drama%2C+Disaster+and+Disgrace+in+Late+Victorian+Britain&rft.title=title%3D1895%3A+Drama%2C+Disaster+and+Disgrace+in+Late+Victorian+Britain&rft.au=Nicholas+Freeman&rft.date=2011&rft.pub=%5B%5BEdinburgh+University+Press%5D%5D&rft.pages=55&rft.isbn=978-0-7486-4056-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoBs22N9l61kC%26pg%3DPA55"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MemoriesWalterLong-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-MemoriesWalterLong_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Walter Long (1923). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/memories00longuoft">Memories</a></i>. “I am no authority on finance, but I feel entitled to claim that I did some good work for the Bullingdon Club. When I became President of the Club, my predecessor in office informed me that it was bankrupt.”</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Memories&rft.title=Memories&rft.au=Walter+Long&rft.date=1923&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmemories00longuoft"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MillerNationalTrust2003-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-MillerNationalTrust2003_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">James Miller (2003). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.ca/books?id=XpdnAAAAMAAJ">Fertile Fortune: The Story of Tyntesfield</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/National_Trust" title="National Trust">National Trust</a> <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=National_Trust_(Great_Britain)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Trust (Great Britain) (page does not exist)">National Trust (Great Britain)</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780707803760" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-7078-0376-0</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fertile+Fortune%3A+The+Story+of+Tyntesfield&rft.title=Fertile+Fortune%3A+The+Story+of+Tyntesfield&rft.au=James+Miller&rft.date=2003&rft.pub=%5B%5BNational+Trust%5D%5D+%5B%5BNational+Trust+%28Great+Britain%29%5D%5D&rft.isbn=978-0-7078-0376-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.ca%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXpdnAAAAMAAJ"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT_1917-01-14-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1917-01-14_19-0">19.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1917-01-14_19-1">19.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1917/01/14/102309358.pdf">Prince Yusupoff Defended in Rasputin Case; Fellow-Collegian at Oxford Tells of Nobleman's Career There, and Says It Is Impossible to Associate Him with a Murder</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, 14 January 1917, p. T3. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Obolensky1958-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Obolensky1958_20-0">20.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Obolensky1958_20-1">20.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Serge Obolensky (1958). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.ca/books?id=9h8aAAAAYAAJ">One Man in His Time: The Memoirs of Serge Obolensky</a></i>. McDowell, Obolensky, 86, 110, 116.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=One+Man+in+His+Time%3A+The+Memoirs+of+Serge+Obolensky&rft.title=One+Man+in+His+Time%3A+The+Memoirs+of+Serge+Obolensky&rft.au=Serge+Obolensky&rft.date=1958&rft.pub=McDowell%2C+Obolensky&rft.pages=86%2C+110%2C+116&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.ca%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9h8aAAAAYAAJ"> </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/onemaninhistime0000unse">mirror</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheIndependent2001-08-06-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-TheIndependent2001-08-06_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.independent.co.uk/people/obituaries/article35480.ece">The Earl of Longford</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=The_Independent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Independent (page does not exist)">The Independent</a></i>, 2001-08-06. Retrieved on 2024-04-26. “His friends were fashionable Conservative intellectuals including Evelyn Waugh and later Randolph Churchill. He was a member of the Bullingdon and rode in an hilarious point-to-point.” </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DailyTelegraph2014-12-31-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-DailyTelegraph2014-12-31_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11319253/The-Duke-of-Wellington-obituary.html">The Duke of Wellington – obituary</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=The_Daily_Telegraph&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Daily Telegraph (page does not exist)">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>, 2013-12-31. Retrieved on 2024-04-26. “Although Valerian wanted to go straight into the Army, his father sent him to read History and Languages at New College, Oxford, where he was a member of the Bullingdon Club; at the same time he enjoyed London society, dancing with suitable girls at grand balls and less suitable ones in subterranean nightclubs.” </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheIndependent2007-09-06-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-TheIndependent2007-09-06_23-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.independent.co.uk/people/obituaries/article2934310.ece">The Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=The_Independent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Independent (page does not exist)">The Independent</a></i>, 2007-09-06. Retrieved on 2024-04-26. “Having survived U-boats, he went to Christ Church, Oxford and read Modern History. Although he was persuaded to become a member of the supremely toff Bullingdon Club, his experience in the Navy made sure that his life would be far fuller than that of a ne'er-do-well aristocrat.” </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bournemouthecho2015-09-02-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-bournemouthecho2015-09-02_24-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bournemouthecho.co.uk/news/13639388.A_champion_of_British_heritage__the_life_and_times_of_Beaulieu_s_Lord_Montagu/">A champion of British heritage: the life and times of Beaulieu's Lord Montagu (From Bournemouth Echo)</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Bournemouth_Echo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bournemouth Echo (page does not exist)">Bournemouth Echo</a></i>. “In 1945, he joined the Grenadier Guards and was posted with a peacekeeping force in Palestine. Afterwards, he read modern history at New College Oxford. However, he felt obliged to leave during his second year of university, after an altercation between the Bullingdon Club – of which he was a member – and the Oxford University Dramatic Society led to his room being wrecked.” </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Independent2015-05-05-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Independent2015-05-05_25-0">25.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Independent2015-05-05_25-1">25.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Independent2015-05-05_25-2">25.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Independent2015-05-05_25-3">25.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Independent2015-05-05_25-4">25.4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> Nick Mutch, Jack Myers, Adam Lusher, Jonathan Owen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/generalelection/general-election-2015-photographic-history-of-bullingdon-club-tracked-down--including-new-picture-of-david-cameron-in-his-finery-10224679.html">General Election 2015: Photographic history of Bullingdon Club tracked down – including new picture of David Cameron in his finery</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=The_Independent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Independent (page does not exist)">The Independent</a></i>, 2015-05-05. Retrieved on 2024-04-26. “The new image seen by The Independent was taken in 1988. It was spotted in the Oxford branch of Ede & Ravenscroft, robe-makers to the Queen and the tailoring company that makes Bullingdon Club outfits – at a reputed cost of £3,000 per gentleman.” </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-theguardian2008-04-11-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-theguardian2008-04-11_26-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Andrew Roth. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/apr/11/religion.liberaldemocrats">The Rev Lord Beaumont of Whitley</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>, 2008-04-11. Retrieved on 2024-04-26. “There he ran the Bullingdon club and founded the Wagers club, devoted to "bringing back the devil-may-care atmosphere of the Regency Bucks".” </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marquess_of_Bath_Autobiography_1999-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Marquess_of_Bath_Autobiography_1999_27-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> 7th Marquess of Bath (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lordbath.co.uk/42_1.htm">Career and activities: settling into my undergraduate identity</a>. “...at the start of the Trinity term I was elected into the Bullingdon...”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imageshack-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-imageshack_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://imageshack.us/scaled/landing/841/bullcr.jpg">Bullingdon Club 1966</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DailyTelegraph2007-07-05-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-DailyTelegraph2007-07-05_29-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/07/04/db0402.xml">Count Gottfried von Bismarck Obituary</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=The_Daily_Telegraph&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Daily Telegraph (page does not exist)">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>, 2007-07-05. Retrieved on 2007-07-05. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-telegraph2016-08-12-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-telegraph2016-08-12_30-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/life/hugh-grosvenor-is-the-new-duke-of-westminster---but-who-are-brit/lord-downpatrick/">Hugh Grosvenor is the new Duke of Westminster - but who are Britain's other most eligible bachelor aristocrats?</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=The_Daily_Telegraph&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Daily Telegraph (page does not exist)">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>, 2016-08-12. Retrieved on 2024-04-26. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes2008-10-22-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes2008-10-22_31-0">31.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes2008-10-22_31-1">31.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/22/world/europe/22iht-britain.4.17177066.html">The whiff of scandal stinks in crisis-struck U.K.</a>, <i>New York Times</i>, 2008-10-22. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. “As for the 37-year-old Osborne, who has been a member of Parliament since the age of 30, he and Rothschild were close friends at Oxford where they belonged to the elite Bullingdon club, an exclusive drinking society whose celebrated wild parties sometimes ended with the destruction of the restaurant or pub where they were held.” </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes2009-10-16-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes2009-10-16_32-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Landon Thomas Jr.. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/17/business/global/17debt.html">In Britain, a Soaring Deficit Lifts a Hawk</a>, <i>New York Times</i>, 2009-10-16, p. B1. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. “Mr. Cameron, who is close to Mr. Osborne and comes from a similar background, has transcended the ignominy of his membership in the Bullingdon Club, the elite drinking enclave at Oxford. By contrast, Mr. Osborne seems far less removed from the haughty picture of himself and his club members, garbed in bow ties and tails, that has come to define the view that the recast Conservatives still lack a common touch.” </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-theguardian2008-10-26-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-theguardian2008-10-26_33-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Steve Busfield. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/blog/2008/oct/26/george-osborne-nat-rothschild">George Osborne, Nat Rothschild and the curious case of a Bullingdon Club picture</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, 2008-10-26. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. “To the left of the middle, there's a mysterious gap where somebody ought to be standing but isn't. Odder still, there's a patch of shirt-front and waistcoat there, with no person attached” </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dailymail2007-04-07-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-dailymail2007-04-07_34-0">34.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-dailymail2007-04-07_34-1">34.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-dailymail2007-04-07_34-2">34.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-dailymail2007-04-07_34-3">34.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-dailymail2007-04-07_34-4">34.4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-447223/Oxford-1992-Portrait-classless-Tory.html">Oxford 1992: Portrait of a 'classless' Tory</a>, <i>Daily Mail</i>, 2007-04-07. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220804151022/https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-447223/Oxford-1992-Portrait-classless-Tory.html">mirror</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14_35-0">35.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14_35-1">35.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14_35-2">35.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14_35-3">35.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-TheBullingdonClub2010-03-14_35-4">35.4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iconicphotos.wordpress.com/2010/03/14/the-bullingdon-club/">The Bullingdon Club</a>, <i>Iconic photos</i>, 2010-03-14. Retrieved on 2022-09-07. “Two figures on left of (6) and (7) were blacked out before the photo was released, causing wild allegations. Their identities are yet unknown.” </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DailyBeast2020-07-07-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-DailyBeast2020-07-07_36-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Tom Mutch. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedailybeast.com/breaking-the-bullingdon-club-omerta-secret-lives-of-the-men-who-run-britain">Breaking the Bullingdon Club Omertà: Secret Lives of the Men Who Run Britain</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Daily_Beast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daily Beast (page does not exist)">Daily Beast</a></i>, 2020-07-07. Retrieved on 2024-04-24. “Strewn across the Tudor room at the luxury Manor hotel in north Oxfordshire was proof that Oxford University’s notorious Bullingdon Club is still raising hell in 2015, despite claims that their excesses had been checked by negative publicity and mortified former members.” </span> </li> </ol></div></div></span>  </div> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Bullingdon_Club&oldid=965237">https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Bullingdon_Club&oldid=965237</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_duplicate_arguments_in_template_calls" title="Category:Pages using duplicate arguments in template calls">Pages using duplicate arguments in template calls</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_ISBN_magic_links" title="Category:Pages using ISBN magic links">Pages using ISBN magic links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CZ_Live" title="Category:CZ Live">CZ Live</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_Workgroup" title="Category:Politics Workgroup">Politics Workgroup</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_written_in_British_English" title="Category:Articles written in British English">Articles written in British English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Content" title="Category:All Content">All Content</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_Content" title="Category:Politics Content">Politics Content</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_broken_file_links" title="Category:Pages with broken file links">Pages with broken file links</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_tag" title="Category:Politics tag">Politics tag</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Suggestion_Bot_Tag" title="Category:Suggestion Bot Tag">Suggestion Bot Tag</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>Navigation menu</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <nav id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" role="navigation" > <h3 id="p-personal-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Personal tools</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"><li id="pt-login" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Bullingdon+Club" title="To edit pages, [[Special:RequestAccount|get a contributor account]]. 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