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They are mainly used for marking the possessor, as well as objects, besides, those Iranian languages and dialects, which show ergative patterns, make use of enclitic pronouns for" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/3861617/1419739/17596369/s200_hakob.avchyan.jpg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/86309369/Enclitic_Pronouns_In_The_Anbar%C4%81ni_Dialect_Of_Talyshi" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Enclitic Pronouns In The Anbarāni Dialect Of Talyshi" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Enclitic pronouns are used in most of New West Iranian languages. They are mainly used for marking the possessor, as well as objects, besides, those Iranian languages and dialects, which show ergative patterns, make use of enclitic pronouns for" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://yerevan.academia.edu/HakobAvchyan" /> <meta name="description" content="Enclitic pronouns are used in most of New West Iranian languages. They are mainly used for marking the possessor, as well as objects, besides, those Iranian languages and dialects, which show ergative patterns, make use of enclitic pronouns for" /> <title>(PDF) Enclitic Pronouns In The Anbarāni Dialect Of Talyshi | Hakob Avchyan - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/86309369/Enclitic_Pronouns_In_The_Anbar%C4%81ni_Dialect_Of_Talyshi" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '0448be8f82c4b6488fc3b64a9209e1d9c6d8000d'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732765512000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732765512000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Enclitic pronouns are used in most of New West Iranian languages. They are mainly used for marking the possessor, as well as objects, besides, those Iranian languages and dialects, which show ergative patterns, make use of enclitic pronouns for marking the agent in ergative constructions. This paper deals with the enclitic pronouns and their functions in Anbarāni, one of the Northern Talyshi dialects, spoken in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Where it is possible the features of Anbarāni enclitics will be compared with some other West Iranian languages.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Hakob Avchyan"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2022-09-07","dateModified":"2022-09-07","datePublished":null,"headline":"Enclitic Pronouns In The Anbarāni Dialect Of Talyshi","inLanguage":"en","keywords":[],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia"},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/86309369/Enclitic_Pronouns_In_The_Anbar%C4%81ni_Dialect_Of_Talyshi","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"yerevan"}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" 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They are mainly used for marking the possessor, as well as objects, besides, those Iranian languages and dialects, which show ergative patterns, make use of enclitic pronouns for marking the agent in ergative constructions. This paper deals with the enclitic pronouns and their functions in Anbarāni, one of the Northern Talyshi dialects, spoken in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Where it is possible the features of Anbarāni enclitics will be compared with some other West Iranian languages.","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia","publication_name":"BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Enclitic Pronouns In The Anbarāni Dialect Of Talyshi","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [3861617]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":90790202,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Enclitic Pronouns In The Anbarāni Dialect Of Talyshi”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/90790202/mini_magick20220908-1-1f6j67m.png?1662664696" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Enclitic Pronouns In The Anbarāni Dialect Of Talyshi</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3861617" href="https://yerevan.academia.edu/HakobAvchyan"><img alt="Profile image of Hakob Avchyan" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/3861617/1419739/17596369/s65_hakob.avchyan.jpg" />Hakob Avchyan</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">7 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 86309369; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=86309369"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { const viewCountNumber = Number(viewCount); if (!viewCountNumber) { throw new Error('Failed to parse view count'); } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (viewCountBody) { viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } else { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Enclitic pronouns are used in most of New West Iranian languages. They are mainly used for marking the possessor, as well as objects, besides, those Iranian languages and dialects, which show ergative patterns, make use of enclitic pronouns for marking the agent in ergative constructions. This paper deals with the enclitic pronouns and their functions in Anbarāni, one of the Northern Talyshi dialects, spoken in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Where it is possible the features of Anbarāni enclitics will be compared with some other West Iranian languages.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":90790202,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/86309369/Enclitic_Pronouns_In_The_Anbar%C4%81ni_Dialect_Of_Talyshi"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":90790202,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/86309369/Enclitic_Pronouns_In_The_Anbar%C4%81ni_Dialect_Of_Talyshi"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="90790202" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/86309369/Enclitic_Pronouns_In_The_Anbar%C4%81ni_Dialect_Of_Talyshi" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="61906843" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61906843/Pronominal_clitics_in_Western_Iranian_languages_Description_mapping_and_typological_implications_PHD_thesis_">Pronominal clitics in Western Iranian languages: Description, mapping, and typological implications (PHD thesis)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1747884" href="https://cambridge.academia.edu/MasoudMohammadirad">Masoud Mohammadirad</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Unpublished PhD thesis , 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Pronominal clitics comprise one of the important traits of the majority of West Iranian languages. Nevertheless, while these person clitics have been the subject of virtually systematic studies in certain languages, e.g. Central Kurdish dialects, and Persian, they are hardly studied in the majority of languages where they are attested. More specifically, the existing scholarship has faintly dealt with the rise of procliticization, the development of person marking system, the placement of clitics, the cluster internal ordering of clitics, and the clitic-affix combinations. This study is an attempt to fill the lack of knowledge across the aspects mentioned. The development of proclitic attachment forms an integral part of the thesis. Originally enclitics in the second position in the sense of Wackernagel, a subset of West Iranian languages have developed proclitics. The hypothesis postulated in the thesis is that this evolution results from a change in the domain of cliticization, more precisely, the abandonment of the clause as the domain of cliticization. This shift in turn leads to the reanalysis of the clause-initial particles, hosts of the second position clitics, and their integration into the clitic paradigm. Having lost their host, the second position clitics change their attachment orientation and become incorporated into the element which follows them in the form of proclitics. Proclitic attachment is thus a secondary development from erstwhile second positioning of enclitics (Steele 1977; Wanner 1987). The person marking system points to the inverse development of subject indexing and object indexing in the past transitive constructions: in the former, the original ‘pronominal’ clitics have grammaticalized into markers of agreement, further pointing to the cross-linguistic tendency for subject agreement (Siewierska 1999; Haig 2018a). In the latter, the originally object agreement inflectional affixes on the verb are lending/have lent themselves to varying degrees of deinflectionalization (Norde 2009; Haig 2018a), hence deviating from the typological tendencies in associating inflectional affixes with the agreement relation (Siewierska 2004). Three domains are accountable for clitic placement across WILs: the clause, the verb phrase (VP), and the verb. A subgroup of VP-based clitic systems provides a rich source for the study of endoclitics: the endoclitics of the latter are the result of the interplay between second position requirement for clitics and the stress factor. V-based proclitic systems are characterised by ditropic attachment of clitics. The cluster internal ordering of clitics is determined by argument hierarchy (A > O > R > POS) across Iranian: the argument ranked higher in the hierarchy appears second in the cluster. This property brings Iranian languages close to Romance languages (Gerlach 2002). Finally, in some clitic-affix combinations, clitics interrupt morphological words, further overshadowing a categorical distinction between the categories of clitics and affixes on the one hand, and the concept of wordhood on the other (Haspelmath 2011).</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Pronominal clitics in Western Iranian languages: Description, mapping, and typological implications (PHD thesis)","attachmentId":74821451,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/61906843/Pronominal_clitics_in_Western_Iranian_languages_Description_mapping_and_typological_implications_PHD_thesis_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/61906843/Pronominal_clitics_in_Western_Iranian_languages_Description_mapping_and_typological_implications_PHD_thesis_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="43407000" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43407000/The_rise_of_contrastive_partitive_and_definite_functions_of_e%C5%A1_in_colloquial_Persian_A_grammaticalization_from_third_person_clitic_pronoun">The rise of contrastive-partitive and definite functions of =eš in colloquial Persian: A grammaticalization from third person clitic pronoun</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="386298" href="https://uppsala.academia.edu/ZahraEtebari">Zahra Etebari</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Ninth International Conference on Iranian Linguistics (ICIL9), 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The rise of contrastive-partitive and definite functions of =eš in colloquial Persian: A grammaticalization from third person clitic pronoun","attachmentId":65027024,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43407000/The_rise_of_contrastive_partitive_and_definite_functions_of_e%C5%A1_in_colloquial_Persian_A_grammaticalization_from_third_person_clitic_pronoun","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43407000/The_rise_of_contrastive_partitive_and_definite_functions_of_e%C5%A1_in_colloquial_Persian_A_grammaticalization_from_third_person_clitic_pronoun"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="35077578" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35077578/Enclitic_Pronouns_in_Middle_Persian_and_the_Placeholder_Construction">Enclitic Pronouns in Middle Persian and the Placeholder Construction</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="776196" href="https://lsi-bochum.academia.edu/ThomasJ%C3%BCgel">Thomas Jügel</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In my PhD thesis on the development of the ergative construction, I investigated the function of enclitic pronouns in Bactrian, Parthian, and Persian. Among the various functions, I also described the Placeholder Construction, but I did not offer a historical explanation for it. I would like to take the occasion to summarise the main points concerning the positions Middle Persian enclitic pronouns can occupy and to attempt an explanation for the Placeholder Construction.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Enclitic Pronouns in Middle Persian and the Placeholder Construction","attachmentId":54938328,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35077578/Enclitic_Pronouns_in_Middle_Persian_and_the_Placeholder_Construction","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35077578/Enclitic_Pronouns_in_Middle_Persian_and_the_Placeholder_Construction"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="108648063" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/108648063/Marked_Pronouns_in_three_Barish_Languages">Marked Pronouns in three Barish Languages</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8908701" href="https://assamuniversity.academia.edu/KhDibyajyotiBarman">Kh Dibyajyoti Barman</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Language In India, 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The present paper attempts to describe some aspects of the morphological features including the morphophonemic changes in pronouns of three Barish languages namely Dimasa, Kokborok, and Tiwa (aka Lalung). This study mainly focuses on the pronouns marked for plural, possessive, proximate and remote, and indefiniteness in pronominal system of the said languages.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Marked Pronouns in three Barish Languages","attachmentId":106975646,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/108648063/Marked_Pronouns_in_three_Barish_Languages","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/108648063/Marked_Pronouns_in_three_Barish_Languages"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="69306849" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69306849/Aspects_of_Iranian_Linguistics">Aspects of Iranian Linguistics</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="51493747" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DonaldStilo">Donald Stilo</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2009</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Aspects of Iranian Linguistics introduces readers to recent research into various properties of a number of Iranian languages. The volume consists of twenty chapters that cover a full range of Iranian linguistics, including formal theoretical perspectives (from a syntactic and morphological point of view), typological and functional perspectives, and diachronic and areal perspectives. It also contains papers on computational linguistics and neurolinguistics, as well as the modern history of lexicography in Iran. Various Iranian languages are discussed in this volume, including Hawrami and Kermanji, two of the major dialects of Kurdish, Medival, Classical and Modern Persian, Balochi, Taleshi and Pamir. With the exception of Persian, other Iranian languages had not received much attention in the past. Thus this work, as the first volume ever published on various aspects of these languages and their linguistic properties, is a valuable contribution to our understanding of a less common...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Aspects of Iranian Linguistics","attachmentId":79453072,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/69306849/Aspects_of_Iranian_Linguistics","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/69306849/Aspects_of_Iranian_Linguistics"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="6336618" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6336618/Haig_and_Jahani_eds_Iranian_Linguistics_2012_special_section_of_the_journal_Oriental_Suecana_LXI_pp_121_225">Haig and Jahani (eds) Iranian Linguistics (2012), special section of the journal Oriental Suecana LXI, pp. 121-225</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2605375" href="https://uni-bamberg.academia.edu/GeoffreyHaig">Geoffrey Haig</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Haig and Jahani (eds) Iranian Linguistics (2012), special section of the journal Oriental Suecana LXI, pp. 121-225","attachmentId":33166072,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6336618/Haig_and_Jahani_eds_Iranian_Linguistics_2012_special_section_of_the_journal_Oriental_Suecana_LXI_pp_121_225","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6336618/Haig_and_Jahani_eds_Iranian_Linguistics_2012_special_section_of_the_journal_Oriental_Suecana_LXI_pp_121_225"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="93130862" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/93130862/Reanalysis_of_the_Pronominal_Clitic_e_%C5%A1_in_Colloquial_Persian">Reanalysis of the Pronominal Clitic =(e)š in Colloquial Persian</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44506877" href="https://ens.academia.edu/DorianPASTOR">Dorian PASTOR</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Tous les chemins mènent à Paris. Studies inspired by Agnes Korn, 2022</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper offers an analysis of colloquial Persian words involving the third person singular pronominal clitic =(e)š which seems to be devoid of grammatical functions. The discussed forms are the stems kuš- ‘be where?’, ināhāš- ‘be here’ and unāhāš- ‘be there’ respectively originated from the interrogative ku ‘where is’, and the presentatives ināhā ‘here is’ and unāhā ‘there is’. Moreover, the paper also introduces and discusses the functions of the interjections āxeyš and xodāiš, etymologically related to the interjections āxey and xodāi. It is proposed that the pronominal clitic =(e)š in the stems kuš-, ināhāš- and unāhāš- is in line with the so-called Watkins’s Law and that the pronominal clitic found in āxeyš and xodāiš has expressive functions.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Reanalysis of the Pronominal Clitic =(e)š in Colloquial Persian","attachmentId":118108274,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/93130862/Reanalysis_of_the_Pronominal_Clitic_e_%C5%A1_in_Colloquial_Persian","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/93130862/Reanalysis_of_the_Pronominal_Clitic_e_%C5%A1_in_Colloquial_Persian"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="37665393" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37665393/A_TYPOLOGICAL_STUDY_OF_PERSONAL_PRONOUNS_OF_PAKISTANI_LANGUAGES">A TYPOLOGICAL STUDY OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS OF PAKISTANI LANGUAGES</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43093112" href="https://qau.academia.edu/DrUmaimaKamran">Dr Umaima Kamran</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Pakistan is a multilingual country where languages of different families are spoken in various geographical areas. This study aimed to find pronouns of major and minor Pakistani languages for typological study that is concerned with formulating different types of languages on the basis of their common and uncommon patterns of pronominal features across the languages. Pronoun is basically a grammatical category and it functions to replace the noun. Every language has its own pronoun system. There are types of languages that differ in structural attributes of the pronouns. The data is collected from the native speakers and is represented in tables which provide the pronoun systems of the Pakistani languages under study. According to typological classification four types of languages are made out of sixteen languages and are shown in feature hierarchies of each corresponding language type. Feature hierarchy shows marked and unmarked features of these Pakistani languages. Considering it representative, universal statements are devised. It is found that languages of Pakistan are not very complex in term of their personal pronouns. In the studied sixteen languages of Pakistan minimum number of pronouns is five and Balti has maximum number of pronouns i.e. ten.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A TYPOLOGICAL STUDY OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS OF PAKISTANI LANGUAGES","attachmentId":57653644,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37665393/A_TYPOLOGICAL_STUDY_OF_PERSONAL_PRONOUNS_OF_PAKISTANI_LANGUAGES","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37665393/A_TYPOLOGICAL_STUDY_OF_PERSONAL_PRONOUNS_OF_PAKISTANI_LANGUAGES"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="21394919" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21394919/The_intonational_grammar_of_Persian">The intonational grammar of Persian</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33003325" href="https://centennialcollege.academia.edu/NimaTehrani">Nima Sadat-Tehrani</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2007</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The intonational grammar of Persian","attachmentId":41850513,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21394919/The_intonational_grammar_of_Persian","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/21394919/The_intonational_grammar_of_Persian"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="3021977" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3021977/Ergative_Case_Marking_and_Agreement_in_the_Central_Dialect_of_Talishi">Ergative Case Marking and Agreement in ‍the Central Dialect of Talishi</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2564687" href="https://sbu-ir.academia.edu/GeniaNourian">Genia Nourian</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Ergative Case Marking and Agreement in ‍the Central Dialect of Talishi Mahinnaz Mirdehghan Assistant Professor of Linguistics, Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, I.R.Iran Genia Nourian M.A. in Linguistics, Shahid Beheshti University, I.R.Iran Abstract The present research accounts for the characteristic patterns of ergativity within the central dialect of Talishi language as one of the most important modern endangered North-Western Iranian languages. Talishi includes three main dialects as follows: Northern, Central and Southern dialects, which are divided according to the geographical area of their usage. The only dialect in which ergativity is preserved is the central one. Due to the crucial role of case and case marking studies in linguistic analyses, the present research is focused on the central dialect to be able to present a scientific analysis of the ergative data within the domain of active simple and compound transitive sentences. The analysis also demonstrates the agreement patterns in transitive and intransitive verbs, as well as the realization of case marking in the system under investigation according to Dixon’s criteria. Keywords: Central Taleshi, Ergativity, Case Marking, Core NPs, Agreement</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Ergative Case Marking and Agreement in ‍the Central Dialect of Talishi","attachmentId":30963425,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3021977/Ergative_Case_Marking_and_Agreement_in_the_Central_Dialect_of_Talishi","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/3021977/Ergative_Case_Marking_and_Agreement_in_the_Central_Dialect_of_Talishi"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":90790202,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":90790202,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_90790202" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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