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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Deuteronomy 1:3 In the fortieth year, on the first day of the eleventh month, Moses proclaimed to the Israelites all that the LORD had commanded him concerning them.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/deuteronomy/1-3.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/20/05_Deu_01_03.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Deuteronomy 1:3 - The Command to Leave Horeb" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="In the fortieth year, on the first day of the eleventh month, Moses proclaimed to the Israelites all that the LORD had commanded him concerning them." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; 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<a href="/nkjv/deuteronomy/1.htm">New King James Version</a> Now it came to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spoke to the children of Israel according to all that the LORD had given him as commandments to them, <a href="/nasb_/deuteronomy/1.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> In the fortieth year, on the first day of the eleventh month, Moses spoke to the sons of Israel, in accordance with everything that the LORD had commanded him to declare to them, <a href="/nasb/deuteronomy/1.htm">NASB 1995</a> In the fortieth year, on the first day of the eleventh month, Moses spoke to the children of Israel, according to all that the LORD had commanded him to give to them, <a href="/nasb77/deuteronomy/1.htm">NASB 1977 </a> And it came about in the fortieth year, on the first day of the eleventh month, that Moses spoke to the children of Israel, according to all that the LORD had commanded him to give to them, <a href="/lsb/deuteronomy/1.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Now it happened, in the fortieth year, on the first day of the eleventh month, Moses spoke to the children of Israel, according to all that Yahweh had commanded him to give to them, <a href="/amp/deuteronomy/1.htm">Amplified Bible</a> In the fortieth year, on the first day of the eleventh month, Moses spoke to the children of Israel in accordance with all that the LORD had commanded him to say to them, <a href="/csb/deuteronomy/1.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> In the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first of the month, Moses told the Israelites everything the LORD had commanded him to say to them. <a href="/hcsb/deuteronomy/1.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> In the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first of the month, Moses told the Israelites everything the LORD had commanded him to say to them. <a href="/asv/deuteronomy/1.htm">American Standard Version</a> And it came to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spake unto the children of Israel, according unto all that Jehovah had given him in commandment unto them; <a href="/erv/deuteronomy/1.htm">English Revised Version</a> And it came to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spake unto the children of Israel, according unto all that the LORD had given him in commandment unto them; <a href="/gwt/deuteronomy/1.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> On the first day of the eleventh month in the fortieth year [after they had left Egypt], Moses told the Israelites everything the LORD had commanded him to tell them. <a href="/gnt/deuteronomy/1.htm">Good News Translation</a> On the first day of the eleventh month of the fortieth year after they had left Egypt, Moses told the people everything the LORD had commanded him to tell them. <a href="/isv/deuteronomy/1.htm">International Standard Version</a> On the first day of the eleventh month, in the fortieth year, Moses spoke to the Israelis about everything that the LORD had commanded him concerning them. <a href="/msb/deuteronomy/1.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> In the fortieth year, on the first day of the eleventh month, Moses proclaimed to the Israelites all that the LORD had commanded him concerning them. <a href="/net/deuteronomy/1.htm">NET Bible</a> However, it was not until the first day of the eleventh month of the fortieth year that Moses addressed the Israelites just as the LORD had instructed him to do. <a href="/nheb/deuteronomy/1.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> It happened in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spoke to the children of Israel, according to all that the LORD had given him in commandment to them; <a href="/wbt/deuteronomy/1.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> And it came to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spoke to the children of Israel, according to all that the LORD had given him in commandment to them; <a href="/web/deuteronomy/1.htm">World English Bible</a> In the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, Moses spoke to the children of Israel according to all that Yahweh had given him in commandment to them, <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/deuteronomy/1.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> And it comes to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first of the month, Moses has spoken to the sons of Israel according to all that YHWH has commanded him concerning them, <a href="/ylt/deuteronomy/1.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> And it cometh to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first of the month hath Moses spoken unto the sons of Israel according to all that Jehovah hath commanded him concerning them; <a href="/slt/deuteronomy/1.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And it shall be in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, in one to the Month, Moses spake to the sons of Israel according to all which Jehovah commanded him to them.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/deuteronomy/1.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> In the fortieth year, the eleventh month, the first day of the month, Moses spoke to the children of Israel all that the Lord had commanded him to say to them: <a href="/cpdv/deuteronomy/1.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> In the fortieth year, on the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, Moses told the sons of Israel all that the Lord had instructed him. And so he spoke to them, <a href="/nabre/deuteronomy/1.htm">New American Bible</a> In the fortieth year, on the first day of the eleventh month, Moses spoke to the Israelites according to all that the LORD had commanded him to speak to them, <a href="/nrsvce/deuteronomy/1.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> In the fortieth year, on the first day of the eleventh month, Moses spoke to the Israelites just as the LORD had commanded him to speak to them.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/deuteronomy/1.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> And it came to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spoke to the children of Israel according to all that the LORD had given him in commandment concerning them; <a href="/hpbt/deuteronomy/1.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And it was in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, in the first of the month, Moshe spoke with the children of Israel everything that LORD JEHOVAH had commanded him concerning them;<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/deuteronomy/1.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> And it came to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spoke unto the children of Israel, according unto all that the LORD had given him in commandment unto them; <a href="/sep/deuteronomy/1.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> And it came to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, Moses spoke to all the children of Israel, according to all things which the Lord commanded him for them: <a href="/parallel/deuteronomy/1-3.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/IRhBtZaVxJ0?start=19" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/deuteronomy/1.htm">The Command to Leave Horeb</a> …2It is an eleven-day journey from Horeb to Kadesh-barnea by way of Mount Seir. 3<a href="/hebrew/1961.htm" title="1961: way·hî (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To fall out, come to pass, become, be. A primitive root; to exist, i.e. Be or become, come to pass."></a> <a href="/hebrew/705.htm" title="705: bə·’ar·bā·‘îm (Prep-b:: Number-cp) -- Forty. Multiple of arba'; forty.">In the fortieth</a> <a href="/hebrew/8141.htm" title="8141: šā·nāh (N-fs) -- A year. (in plura or shanah; from shanah; a year.">year,</a> <a href="/hebrew/259.htm" title="259: bə·’e·ḥāḏ (Prep-b:: Number-ms) -- One. A numeral from 'achad; properly, united, i.e. One; or first.">on the first day</a> <a href="/hebrew/2320.htm" title="2320: la·ḥō·ḏeš (Prep-l, Art:: N-ms) -- New moon, a month. From chadash; the new moon; by implication, a month."></a> <a href="/hebrew/6249.htm" title="6249: bə·‘aš·tê- (Prep-b:: Number-csc) -- One. Apparently masculine plural construction of esheth in the sense of an afterthought eleven or eleventh.">of the eleventh</a> <a href="/hebrew/6240.htm" title="6240: ‘ā·śār (Number-ms) -- Ten. For eser; ten, i.e. -teen; also -teenth."></a> <a href="/hebrew/2320.htm" title="2320: ḥō·ḏeš (N-ms) -- New moon, a month. From chadash; the new moon; by implication, a month.">month,</a> <a href="/hebrew/4872.htm" title="4872: mō·šeh (N-proper-ms) -- A great Isr. leader, prophet and lawgiver. From mashah; drawing out, i.e. Rescued; Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver.">Moses</a> <a href="/hebrew/1696.htm" title="1696: dib·ber (V-Piel-Perf-3ms) -- To speak. A primitive root; perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively, to speak; rarely to subdue.">proclaimed</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’el- (Prep) -- To, into, towards. ">to</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: bə·nê (N-mpc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">the Israelites</a> <a href="/hebrew/3478.htm" title="3478: yiś·rā·’êl (N-proper-ms) -- From sarah and 'el; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also of his posterity."></a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: kə·ḵōl (Prep:: N-ms) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">all</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.">that</a> <a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah·weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">the LORD</a> <a href="/hebrew/6680.htm" title="6680: ṣiw·wāh (V-Piel-Perf-3ms) -- To lay charge (upon), give charge (to), command, order. A primitive root; to constitute, enjoin.">had commanded</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’ō·ṯōw (DirObjM:: 3ms) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self.">him</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’ă·lê·hem (Prep:: 3mp) -- To, into, towards. ">concerning them.</a> 4This was after he had defeated Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and then at Edrei had defeated Og king of Bashan, who lived in Ashtaroth.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/numbers/33-38.htm">Numbers 33:38</a> At the LORD’s command, Aaron the priest climbed Mount Hor and died there on the first day of the fifth month, in the fortieth year after the Israelites had come out of the land of Egypt. <a href="/numbers/20-1.htm">Numbers 20:1</a> In the first month, the whole congregation of Israel entered the Wilderness of Zin and stayed in Kadesh. There Miriam died and was buried. <a href="/numbers/14-34.htm">Numbers 14:34</a> In keeping with the forty days you spied out the land, you shall bear your guilt forty years—a year for each day—and you will experience My alienation. <a href="/joshua/4-19.htm">Joshua 4:19</a> On the tenth day of the first month the people went up from the Jordan and camped at Gilgal on the eastern border of Jericho. <a href="/joshua/5-6.htm">Joshua 5:6</a> For the Israelites had wandered in the wilderness forty years, until all the nation’s men of war who had come out of Egypt had died, since they did not obey the LORD. So the LORD vowed never to let them see the land He had sworn to their fathers to give us, a land flowing with milk and honey. <a href="/exodus/12-40.htm">Exodus 12:40-41</a> Now the duration of the Israelites’ stay in Egypt was 430 years. / At the end of the 430 years, to the very day, all the LORD’s divisions went out of the land of Egypt. <a href="/numbers/1-1.htm">Numbers 1:1</a> On the first day of the second month of the second year after the Israelites had come out of the land of Egypt, the LORD spoke to Moses in the Tent of Meeting in the Wilderness of Sinai. He said: <a href="/numbers/10-11.htm">Numbers 10:11-12</a> On the twentieth day of the second month of the second year, the cloud was lifted from above the tabernacle of the Testimony, / and the Israelites set out from the Wilderness of Sinai, traveling from place to place until the cloud settled in the Wilderness of Paran. <a href="/numbers/9-1.htm">Numbers 9:1</a> In the first month of the second year after Israel had come out of the land of Egypt, the LORD spoke to Moses in the Wilderness of Sinai: <a href="/numbers/14-29.htm">Numbers 14:29-30</a> Your bodies will fall in this wilderness—all who were numbered in the census, everyone twenty years of age or older—because you have grumbled against Me. / Surely none of you will enter the land in which I swore to settle you, except Caleb son of Jephunneh and Joshua son of Nun. <a href="/numbers/32-13.htm">Numbers 32:13</a> The anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He made them wander in the wilderness forty years, until the whole generation who had done evil in His sight was gone. <a href="/acts/7-36.htm">Acts 7:36</a> He led them out and performed wonders and signs in the land of Egypt, at the Red Sea, and for forty years in the wilderness. <a href="/hebrews/3-9.htm">Hebrews 3:9-10</a> where your fathers tested and tried Me, and for forty years saw My works. / Therefore I was angry with that generation, and I said, ‘Their hearts are always going astray, and they have not known My ways.’ <a href="/hebrews/3-17.htm">Hebrews 3:17</a> And with whom was God angry for forty years? Was it not with those who sinned, whose bodies fell in the wilderness? <a href="/1_corinthians/10-5.htm">1 Corinthians 10:5</a> Nevertheless, God was not pleased with most of them, for they were struck down in the wilderness.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>And it came to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spoke to the children of Israel, according to all that the LORD had given him in commandment to them;<a href="/numbers/20-1.htm">Numbers 20:1</a> Then came the children of Israel, even the whole congregation, into the desert of Zin in the first month: and the people abode in Kadesh; and Miriam died there, and was buried there.<a href="/numbers/33-38.htm">Numbers 33:38</a> And Aaron the priest went up into mount Hor at the commandment of the LORD, and died there, in the fortieth year after the children of Israel were come out of the land of Egypt, in the first day of the fifth month.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/numbers/36-13.htm">Children</a> <a href="/numbers/36-6.htm">Command</a> <a href="/numbers/36-13.htm">Commanded</a> <a href="/numbers/33-38.htm">Commandment</a> <a href="/revelation/21-20.htm">Eleventh</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/1-1.htm">Israel</a> <a href="/numbers/36-13.htm">Israelites</a> <a href="/numbers/33-38.htm">Month</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/1-1.htm">Moses</a> <a href="/leviticus/23-24.htm">Proclaimed</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/deuteronomy/1-36.htm">Children</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/1-18.htm">Command</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/1-16.htm">Commanded</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/1-26.htm">Commandment</a> <a href="/1_kings/6-38.htm">Eleventh</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/1-38.htm">Israel</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/1-16.htm">Israelites</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/16-1.htm">Month</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/1-5.htm">Moses</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/15-2.htm">Proclaimed</a><div class="vheading2">Deuteronomy 1</div>1. <a href="/deuteronomy/1-1.htm">Moses' speech in the end of the fortieth year</a> 6. <a href="/deuteronomy/1-6.htm">briefly rehearsing the history of God's sending them from Horeb</a> 14. <a href="/deuteronomy/1-14.htm">of giving them officers</a> 19. <a href="/deuteronomy/1-19.htm">of sending the spies to search the land</a> 34. <a href="/deuteronomy/1-34.htm">of his anger for their incredulity</a> 41. <a href="/deuteronomy/1-41.htm">and disobedience</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/deuteronomy/1.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/deuteronomy/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/deuteronomy/1.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>In the fortieth year This phrase marks a significant milestone in the Israelites' journey. The fortieth year signifies the end of the wilderness wanderings, a period of testing and preparation for entering the Promised Land. The number forty often symbolizes a period of trial or probation in the Bible, as seen in the forty days of rain during the flood (<a href="/genesis/7-12.htm">Genesis 7:12</a>) and Jesus' forty days of fasting in the wilderness (<a href="/matthew/4-2.htm">Matthew 4:2</a>).on the first day of the eleventh month This specific date situates the events in a historical context, providing a precise timeline for Moses' final speeches. The eleventh month, known as Shevat in the Hebrew calendar, is just before the Israelites' entry into Canaan. This timing underscores the urgency and importance of Moses' message as the people prepare to transition from wandering to conquest.Moses proclaimed to the Israelites Moses, as the leader and prophet, serves as the mediator between God and His people. His role is crucial in delivering God's commandments and guidance. This proclamation is part of Moses' farewell address, emphasizing his dedication to ensuring the Israelites understand God's laws before his impending death and their entrance into the Promised Land.all that the LORD had commanded him concerning them This phrase highlights the divine origin of Moses' message. The commandments are not merely Moses' words but are directly from the LORD, underscoring their authority and importance. This reflects the covenant relationship between God and Israel, where obedience to God's commands is central. It also foreshadows the New Covenant, where Jesus, the ultimate prophet, delivers God's final revelation to humanity (<a href="/hebrews/1.htm">Hebrews 1:1-2</a>).<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/m/moses.htm">Moses</a> The leader of the Israelites, chosen by God to deliver His commandments and guide the people through the wilderness. 2. <a href="/topical/t/the_israelites.htm">The Israelites</a> The chosen people of God, who were delivered from slavery in Egypt and are now on the brink of entering the Promised Land. 3. <a href="/topical/t/the_fortieth_year.htm">The Fortieth Year</a> Marks the end of the Israelites' wilderness journey, a significant period of testing and preparation. 4. <a href="/topical/t/the_eleventh_month.htm">The Eleventh Month</a> Indicates the specific timing of Moses' proclamation, emphasizing the importance of God's timing in His plans. 5. <a href="/topical/t/the_lord's_commandments.htm">The LORD's Commandments</a> The divine instructions given to Moses to communicate to the Israelites, highlighting the covenant relationship between God and His people.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_obedience.htm">The Importance of Obedience</a> Moses' role in proclaiming God's commandments underscores the necessity of obedience to God's word. Believers are called to listen and adhere to God's instructions in their lives. <a href="/topical/g/god's_timing_is_perfect.htm">God's Timing is Perfect</a> The specific timing of Moses' proclamation reminds us that God's plans unfold according to His perfect timing. Trusting in His timing is crucial for our spiritual journey. <a href="/topical/l/leadership_and_responsibility.htm">Leadership and Responsibility</a> Moses' leadership highlights the responsibility of spiritual leaders to faithfully communicate God's truth. Believers in leadership positions should seek to guide others with integrity and faithfulness. <a href="/topical/p/preparation_for_promised_blessings.htm">Preparation for Promised Blessings</a> The Israelites' journey prepares them for the blessings of the Promised Land. Similarly, believers are called to prepare their hearts for the blessings God has in store, through faith and obedience.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_deuteronomy_1.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Deuteronomy 1</a> <a href="/q/bible's_view_on_illegitimate_children.htm">What is the Bible's view on children born out of wedlock?</a> <a href="/q/what_does_the_bible_say_on_obeying_parents.htm">What does the Bible instruct about obeying parents?</a> <a href="/q/how_to_confirm_moses_and_aaron's_roles.htm">Psalm 99:6 mentions Moses, Aaron, and Samuel; how can we confirm the historical existence and roles of Moses and Aaron, given limited archaeological evidence?</a> <a href="/q/what_is_the_definition_of_mosaic_law.htm">What is the definition of Mosaic Law?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/deuteronomy/1.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(3) And it came to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month.--The "and" is the real beginning of Deuteronomy, and connects it with the previous books. The moral of these words has been well pointed out by Jewish writers. It was but eleven days' journey from Sinai to Kadesh-barnea--the place from whence Israel should have begun the conquest of the promised land; but not only eleven days of the second year of the exodus, but eleven months of the fortieth year found them still in the wilderness. "We see that they could not enter in because of unbelief."(3, 4) Moses spake unto the children of Israel . . . after he had slain Sihon . . . and Og.--The conquest of these two kings and their territories was one of the exploits of the fortieth year. (See <a href="/context/numbers/21-21.htm" title="And Israel sent messengers to Sihon king of the Amorites, saying,">Numbers 21:21-35</a>.) Before the eleventh month of that year, not only Sihon and Og, but also the five princes of Midian, "who were dukes of Sihon, dwelling in the country" (<a href="/joshua/13-21.htm" title="And all the cities of the plain, and all the kingdom of Sihon king of the Amorites, which reigned in Heshbon, whom Moses smote with the princes of Midian, Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, and Hur, and Reba, which were dukes of Sihon, dwelling in the country.">Joshua 13:21</a>), had also been slain (Numbers 31). This completed the conquest, and was the last exploit of Moses' life. In the period of repose that followed he found a suitable time to exhort the children of Israel, "according unto all that the Lord had given him in commandment unto them" From <a href="/deuteronomy/34-8.htm" title="And the children of Israel wept for Moses in the plains of Moab thirty days: so the days of weeping and mourning for Moses were ended.">Deuteronomy 34:8</a>, we learn that "the children of Israel wept for Moses thirty days." These days would seem to be the last month of the fortieth year, for "on the tenth day of the first month" (probably of the next year, <a href="/joshua/4-19.htm" title="And the people came up out of Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and encamped in Gilgal, in the east border of Jericho.">Joshua 4:19</a>) they passed over Jordan. Thus the last delivery of the discourses recorded in Deuteronomy would seem to lie within a single month.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/deuteronomy/1.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verses 3, 4. - Here is intimated the time when the following addresses were delivered to the people. It was on the first day of the eleventh month in the fortieth year; therefore near the end of their wanderings, and towards the close of the lawgiver's own career. He could thus speak to them according unto all that the Lord had given him in commandment unto them, i.e. in accordance with the legislative contents of the preceding books (comp. <a href="/deuteronomy/4-5.htm">Deuteronomy 4:5</a> 23; 5:28-33; 6:1). It was also after the destruction of Sihon and 'Og (<a href="/numbers/21-21.htm">Numbers 21:21-35</a>). This also is significant. By the destruction of these kings, who sought to bar the access of the Israelites to the Promised Land, God had given proof that he would indeed fulfill his promise to his people, and had at once laid them under obligations to obedience, and given them encouragement to go forward on the course to which he had called them. The "he" here is Moses, who, at the command of God, had led the Israelites against Sihon and 'Og. Edrei, hod Draa (<a href="/numbers/21-33.htm">Numbers 21:33</a>) was the second capital of 'Og; he "reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei" (<a href="/joshua/13-12.htm">Joshua 13:12</a>). Here, however, it denotes the place where he was slain in battle, and the words "in Edrei" are to be referred to the verb "smote" and not to "dwelt" (cf. <a href="/deuteronomy/3-1.htm">Deuteronomy 3:1</a>: <a href="/numbers/21-33.htm">Numbers 21:33</a>). <a href="/commentaries/deuteronomy/1-3.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>In the fortieth בְּאַרְבָּעִ֣ים (bə·’ar·bā·‘îm) Preposition-b | Number - common plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_705.htm">Strong's 705: </a> Forty year, שָׁנָ֔ה (šā·nāh) Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8141.htm">Strong's 8141: </a> A year on the first day בְּאֶחָ֣ד (bə·’e·ḥāḏ) Preposition-b | Number - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_259.htm">Strong's 259: </a> United, one, first of the eleventh בְּעַשְׁתֵּֽי־ (bə·‘aš·tê-) Preposition-b | Number - common singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6249.htm">Strong's 6249: </a> Eleven, eleventh month, חֹ֖דֶשׁ (ḥō·ḏeš) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2320.htm">Strong's 2320: </a> The new moon, a month Moses מֹשֶׁה֙ (mō·šeh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4872.htm">Strong's 4872: </a> Moses -- a great Israelite leader, prophet and lawgiver proclaimed דִּבֶּ֤ר (dib·ber) Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1696.htm">Strong's 1696: </a> To arrange, to speak, to subdue to אֶל־ (’el-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_413.htm">Strong's 413: </a> Near, with, among, to the Israelites בְּנֵ֣י (bə·nê) Noun - masculine plural construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> A son everything כְּ֠כֹל (kə·ḵōl) Preposition | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> The whole, all, any, every that אֲשֶׁ֨ר (’ă·šer) Pronoun - relative <a href="/hebrew/strongs_834.htm">Strong's 834: </a> Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that the LORD יְהוָ֛ה (Yah·weh) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel had commanded צִוָּ֧ה (ṣiw·wāh) Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6680.htm">Strong's 6680: </a> To lay charge (upon), give charge (to), command, order him אֹת֖וֹ (’ō·ṯōw) Direct object marker | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_853.htm">Strong's 853: </a> Untranslatable mark of the accusative case concerning them. אֲלֵהֶֽם׃ (’ă·lê·hem) Preposition | third person masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_413.htm">Strong's 413: </a> Near, with, among, to <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/deuteronomy/1-3.htm">Deuteronomy 1:3 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/deuteronomy/1-3.htm">Deuteronomy 1:3 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/deuteronomy/1-3.htm">Deuteronomy 1:3 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/deuteronomy/1-3.htm">Deuteronomy 1:3 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/deuteronomy/1-3.htm">Deuteronomy 1:3 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/deuteronomy/1-3.htm">Deuteronomy 1:3 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/deuteronomy/1-3.htm">Deuteronomy 1:3 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/deuteronomy/1-3.htm">Deuteronomy 1:3 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/deuteronomy/1-3.htm">Deuteronomy 1:3 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/deuteronomy/1-3.htm">Deuteronomy 1:3 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/1-3.htm">OT Law: Deuteronomy 1:3 It happened in the fortieth year (Deut. 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