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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Contribution to ornithology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contribution_to_ornithology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%85" title="جون لاثام – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جون لاثام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con_Latam" title="Con Latam – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Con Latam" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_(%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6)" title="জন ল্যাথাম (পক্ষীবিদ) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জন ল্যাথাম (পক্ষীবিদ)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC" title="Джон Лэтэм – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джон Лэтэм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham_(evnoniour)" title="John Latham (evnoniour) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="John Latham (evnoniour)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Лэтэм Джон – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Лэтэм Джон" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham_(Ornithologe)" title="John Latham (Ornithologe) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="John Latham (Ornithologe)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%85" title="جان لاثام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جان لاثام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham_(onye_na-am%E1%BB%A5_banyere_%E1%BB%A5m%E1%BB%A5_nn%E1%BB%A5n%E1%BB%A5)" title="John Latham (onye na-amụ banyere ụmụ nnụnụ) – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="John Latham (onye na-amụ banyere ụmụ nnụnụ)" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham_(ornitologo)" title="John Latham (ornitologo) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="John Latham (ornitologo)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%AA%27%D7%90%D7%9D" title="ג'ון לאת'אם – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'ון לאת'אם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham_(ornithologis)" title="John Latham (ornithologis) – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="John Latham (ornithologis)" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%85" title="جون لاثام – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جون لاثام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham_(ornitolog)" title="John Latham (ornitolog) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="John Latham (ornitolog)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Лейтем, Джон – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лейтем, Джон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham_(prirodoslovec)" title="John Latham (prirodoslovec) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="John Latham (prirodoslovec)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham" title="John Latham – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="John Latham" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Джон Летем – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джон Летем" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E8%8E%B1%E7%91%9F%E5%A7%86_(%E9%B8%9F%E7%B1%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6)" title="约翰·莱瑟姆 (鸟类学家) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="约翰·莱瑟姆 (鸟类学家)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q334364#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">English physician, naturalist and author (1740–1837)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">John Latham</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Latham_John_1740-1837.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Latham_John_1740-1837.png/220px-Latham_John_1740-1837.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Latham_John_1740-1837.png/330px-Latham_John_1740-1837.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Latham_John_1740-1837.png/440px-Latham_John_1740-1837.png 2x" data-file-width="454" data-file-height="531" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1740-06-27</span>)</span>27 June 1740<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Eltham" title="Eltham">Eltham</a>, Kent, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">4 February 1837<span style="display:none">(1837-02-04)</span> (aged 96)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Winchester" title="Winchester">Winchester</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hampshire" title="Hampshire">Hampshire</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>A General Synopsis of Birds</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Ornithology" title="Ornithology">Ornithology</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Author_citation_(zoology)" title="Author citation (zoology)">Author abbrev. (zoology)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Latham</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table><p><b>John Latham</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Fellow of the Royal Society">FRS</a></span></span> (27 June 1740 – 4 February 1837) was an English physician, <a href="/wiki/Natural_history" title="Natural history">naturalist</a> and author. His main works were <i>A General Synopsis of Birds</i> (1781–1801) and <i>A General History of Birds</i> (1821–1828). He was able to examine specimens of Australian birds that reached England in the final twenty years of the 18th century, and was responsible for providing English names for many of them. He named some of Australia's most famous birds, including the <a href="/wiki/Emu" title="Emu">emu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sulphur-crested_cockatoo" title="Sulphur-crested cockatoo">sulphur-crested cockatoo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wedge-tailed_eagle" title="Wedge-tailed eagle">wedge-tailed eagle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Superb_lyrebird" title="Superb lyrebird">superb lyrebird</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australian_magpie" title="Australian magpie">Australian magpie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magpie-lark" title="Magpie-lark">magpie-lark</a>, <a href="/wiki/White-throated_needletail" title="White-throated needletail">white-throated needletail</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pheasant_coucal" title="Pheasant coucal">pheasant coucal</a>. Latham has been called the "grandfather" of Australian <a href="/wiki/Ornithology" title="Ornithology">ornithology</a>. He was also the first to describe the <a href="/wiki/Hyacinth_macaw" title="Hyacinth macaw">hyacinth macaw</a> from South America. </p><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Latham_(ornithologist)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>John Latham was born on 27 June 1740 at <a href="/wiki/Eltham" title="Eltham">Eltham</a> in northwest Kent. He was the eldest son of John Latham (died 1788),<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a surgeon, and his mother, who was a descendant of the Sothebys, in Yorkshire.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was educated at <a href="/wiki/Merchant_Taylors%27_School,_Northwood" title="Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood">Merchant Taylors' School</a> and then studied anatomy under <a href="/wiki/William_Hunter_(anatomist)" title="William Hunter (anatomist)">William Hunter</a> and completed his medical education in London hospitals. In 1763 at the age of 23, he began working as a physician in the village of <a href="/wiki/Darenth" title="Darenth">Darenth</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Dartford" title="Dartford">Dartford</a> in Kent. In the same year he married Ann Porter. They had four children of whom a son John (1769–1822) and a daughter Ann (1772–1835) survived childhood.<sup id="cite_ref-Jackson2013_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jackson2013-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Latham retired from his medical practice aged 56 in 1796 and moved to live near his son at <a href="/wiki/Romsey" title="Romsey">Romsey</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hampshire" title="Hampshire">Hampshire</a>. His wife died in 1798 and Latham remarried the same year to Ann Delamott. His son who had invested in a series of inns became heavily indebted and was declared bankrupt in 1817. Latham lost much of his wealth in supporting his son. In 1819, Latham sold his house in Romsey and moved with his wife to live with his daughter's family in <a href="/wiki/Winchester" title="Winchester">Winchester</a>. His second wife died in 1821 and in the following year his son committed suicide.<sup id="cite_ref-Jackson2013_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jackson2013-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Latham died aged 96 in Winchester on 4 February 1837 and was buried in <a href="/wiki/Romsey_Abbey" title="Romsey Abbey">Romsey Abbey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jackson2013_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jackson2013-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contribution_to_ornithology">Contribution to ornithology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Latham_(ornithologist)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Contribution to ornithology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_general_history_of_birds_(Pl._XXVII)_(8967632085).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/A_general_history_of_birds_%28Pl._XXVII%29_%288967632085%29.jpg/220px-A_general_history_of_birds_%28Pl._XXVII%29_%288967632085%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/A_general_history_of_birds_%28Pl._XXVII%29_%288967632085%29.jpg/330px-A_general_history_of_birds_%28Pl._XXVII%29_%288967632085%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/A_general_history_of_birds_%28Pl._XXVII%29_%288967632085%29.jpg/440px-A_general_history_of_birds_%28Pl._XXVII%29_%288967632085%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2174" data-file-height="2975" /></a><figcaption>Drawing of the <a href="/wiki/Red-tailed_black_cockatoo" title="Red-tailed black cockatoo">red-tailed black cockatoo</a>, a colour plate from <i>A General History of Birds</i> (vol. 2, 1822)</figcaption></figure> <p><i>A General Synopsis of Birds</i> (1781–1785) was Latham's first ornithological work and contained 106 illustrations by the author. It described many new species that Latham had discovered in various museums and collections. In this work, like <a href="/wiki/Georges-Louis_Leclerc,_Comte_de_Buffon" title="Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon">Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon</a>, he did not attach importance to the names of the species that he described. Later, Latham realised that only the use of the <a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Linnean binomial system</a> would give him the honour of originating the species' scientific names. Thus he published <i>Index Ornithologicus</i> in 1790, in which he specified a binomial name for all the species he had previously described. However, it was too late, as <a href="/wiki/Johann_Friedrich_Gmelin" title="Johann Friedrich Gmelin">Johann Friedrich Gmelin</a> had already published his own version of Linnaeus' <i>Systema Naturæ</i> in which he had given a scientific name to Latham's species; taking into account the rules of nomenclature, Gmelin has priority. Nevertheless, there are around eighty bird species for which Latham's 1790 publication is cited as the <a href="/wiki/Author_citation_(zoology)" title="Author citation (zoology)">authority</a>. These include the <a href="/wiki/Emu" title="Emu">emu</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Black_swan" title="Black swan">black swan</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Hyacinth_macaw" title="Hyacinth macaw">hyacinth macaw</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Sulphur-crested_cockatoo" title="Sulphur-crested cockatoo">sulphur-crested cockatoo</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Noisy_friarbird" title="Noisy friarbird">noisy friarbird</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ioc_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ioc-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He had a supplement to <i>Index Ornithologicus</i>, containing additional scientific names, published as <i>Supplementum Indicis Ornithologici</i> in 1801. It is the authority for around seventy species of birds, almost all of which occur only in <a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a>. They include the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_gull" title="Pacific gull">Pacific gull</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Barking_owl" title="Barking owl">barking owl</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Noisy_miner" title="Noisy miner">noisy miner</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Australian_magpie" title="Australian magpie">Australian magpie</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Magpie-lark" title="Magpie-lark">magpie-lark</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ioc_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ioc-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Publication dates are important for establishing <a href="/wiki/Priority_(biology)" title="Priority (biology)">priority</a> in naming species, and there was speculation from the 1990s that <i>Supplementum Indicis Ornithologici</i> had not been available until 1802, but further research showed that the 1801 publication date is probably correct, and so it is accepted as such by naming authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Working from drawings, Latham appears to have had difficulty in distinguishing the different species and some he described more than once under different names. He described the Australian noisy miner four times in <i>Supplementum Indicis Ornithologici</i>: as the chattering bee-eater (<i>Merops garrulus</i>), the black-headed grakle (<i>Gracula melanocephala</i>), the hooded bee-eater (<i>Merops cucullatus</i>), and the white-fronted bee-eater (<i>Merops albifrons</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This has caused some confusion in the ornithological literature as to the correct scientific name.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beginning in 1821, when Latham was in his eighties, he published an expanded version in eleven volumes of his earlier work with the title <i>A General History of Birds</i>. The ornithologist <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newton" title="Alfred Newton">Alfred Newton</a> later wrote in <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a> that: "his defects as a compiler, which had been manifest before, rather increased with age, and the consequences were not happy."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Latham maintained a regular correspondence with <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pennant" title="Thomas Pennant">Thomas Pennant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Banks" title="Joseph Banks">Joseph Banks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ashton_Lever" title="Ashton Lever">Ashton Lever</a> and others. He was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a> in 1775, and also took part in the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Linnean_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Linnean Society">Linnean Society</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1812, he was elected a foreign member of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences">Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Latham_(ornithologist)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1">Latham, John (1781–1785). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/49894#/summary"><i>A General Synopsis of Birds</i></a>. London: Printed for Benj. White.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+General+Synopsis+of+Birds&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Printed+for+Benj.+White&rft.date=1781%2F1785&rft.aulast=Latham&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fbibliography%2F49894%23%2Fsummary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span> 3 volumes</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Latham, John (1787). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33046626"><i>Supplement to the General Synopsis of Birds</i></a>. London: Leigh & Sotheby.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Supplement+to+the+General+Synopsis+of+Birds&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Leigh+%26+Sotheby&rft.date=1787&rft.aulast=Latham&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F33046626&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Latham, John (1790). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/131313#/summary"><i>Index Ornithologicus, sive Systema Ornithologiae: Complectens Avium Divisionem in Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Ipsarumque Varietates</i></a> (in Latin). London: Leigh & Sotheby.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Index+Ornithologicus%2C+sive+Systema+Ornithologiae%3A+Complectens+Avium+Divisionem+in+Classes%2C+Ordines%2C+Genera%2C+Species%2C+Ipsarumque+Varietates&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Leigh+%26+Sotheby&rft.date=1790&rft.aulast=Latham&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fbibliography%2F131313%23%2Fsummary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span> 2 volumes</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Latham, John (1801). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33260989"><i>Supplement II to the General Synopsis of Birds</i></a>. London: Leigh & Sotheby.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Supplement+II+to+the+General+Synopsis+of+Birds&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Leigh+%26+Sotheby&rft.date=1801&rft.aulast=Latham&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F33260989&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Latham, John (1801). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/313412#page/5/mode/1up"><i>Supplementum Indicis Ornithologici, sive Systematis Ornithologiae</i></a> (in Latin). London: Leigh & Sotheby.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Supplementum+Indicis+Ornithologici%2C+sive+Systematis+Ornithologiae&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Leigh+%26+Sotheby&rft.date=1801&rft.aulast=Latham&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fitem%2F313412%23page%2F5%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Latham, John (1821–1828). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/62572#/summary"><i>A General History of Birds</i></a>. Winchester, England: Jacob and Johnson.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+General+History+of+Birds&rft.place=Winchester%2C+England&rft.pub=Jacob+and+Johnson&rft.date=1821%2F1828&rft.aulast=Latham&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fbibliography%2F62572%23%2Fsummary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span> 10 volumes + index</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Latham_(ornithologist)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatkins1892" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Watkins, Morgan George (1892). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography,_1885-1900/Latham,_John_(1740-1837)" class="extiw" title="s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Latham, John (1740-1837)">Latham, John (1740–1837)</a>". In <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lee" title="Sidney Lee">Lee, Sidney</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Dictionary of National Biography</a></i>. Vol. 32. London: Smith, Elder & Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Latham%2C+John+%281740%E2%80%931837%29&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Smith%2C+Elder+%26+Co&rft.date=1892&rft.aulast=Watkins&rft.aufirst=Morgan+George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnonymous1838–1839" class="citation journal cs1">Anonymous (1838–1839). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vfsWAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA26">"John Latham, MD, FRS, AS, LS"</a>. <i>The Naturalist</i>. <b>4</b>: 26–33.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Naturalist&rft.atitle=John+Latham%2C+MD%2C+FRS%2C+AS%2C+LS&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=26-33&rft.date=1838%2F1839&rft.au=Anonymous&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvfsWAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jackson2013-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jackson2013_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jackson2013_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jackson2013_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacksonDattaVane-Wright2013" class="citation journal cs1">Jackson, C.E.; Datta, A.; Vane-Wright, R.I. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ca1-tls.edcdn.com/documents/Linnean-April-2013-web-complete.pdf">"Dr John Latham, F.L.S., and his daughter Ann"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Linnean</i>. <b>29</b> (1): 15–30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Linnean&rft.atitle=Dr+John+Latham%2C+F.L.S.%2C+and+his+daughter+Ann&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=15-30&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=C.E.&rft.au=Datta%2C+A.&rft.au=Vane-Wright%2C+R.I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fca1-tls.edcdn.com%2Fdocuments%2FLinnean-April-2013-web-complete.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ioc-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ioc_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ioc_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGillDonsker" class="citation web cs1">Gill, Frank; Donsker, David (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldbirdnames.org/">"IOC World Bird List Version 5.4"</a>. International Ornithologists' Union<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IOC+World+Bird+List+Version+5.4&rft.pub=International+Ornithologists%27+Union&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldbirdnames.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchoddeDickinsonSteinheimerBock2010" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Schodde" title="Richard Schodde">Schodde, R.</a>; Dickinson, E.C.; Steinheimer, F.D.; Bock, W.J. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265694915">"The date of Latham's <i>Supplementum Indicis Ornithologici</i> 1801 or 1802?"</a>. <i>South Australian Ornithologist</i>. <b>35</b> (8): 231–235.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+Australian+Ornithologist&rft.atitle=The+date+of+Latham%27s+Supplementum+Indicis+Ornithologici+1801+or+1802%3F&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=231-235&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Schodde&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.au=Dickinson%2C+E.C.&rft.au=Steinheimer%2C+F.D.&rft.au=Bock%2C+W.J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F265694915&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLatham,_John1801" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Latham, John (1801). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33261402"><i>Supplementum Indicis Ornithologici, sive Systematis Ornithologiae</i></a> (in Latin). London: G. Leigh, J. & S. Sotheby. pp. xxviii, xxxiv, xxxiii, xxxv.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Supplementum+Indicis+Ornithologici%2C+sive+Systematis+Ornithologiae&rft.place=London&rft.pages=xxviii%2C+xxxiv%2C+xxxiii%2C+xxxv&rft.pub=G.+Leigh%2C+J.+%26+S.+Sotheby&rft.date=1801&rft.au=Latham%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F33261402&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalomonsen1967" class="citation book cs1">Salomonsen, F. (1967). "Family Maliphagidae, Honeyeaters". In Paynter, R.A. Jnr. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14482557"><i>Check-list of Birds of the World</i></a>. Vol. 12. Cambridge, Mass.: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 400.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Family+Maliphagidae%2C+Honeyeaters&rft.btitle=Check-list+of+Birds+of+the+World&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Mass.&rft.pages=400&rft.pub=Museum+of+Comparative+Zoology&rft.date=1967&rft.aulast=Salomonsen&rft.aufirst=F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F14482557&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchoddeBochSteinheimer2007" class="citation journal cs1">Schodde, R.; Boch, W.J.; Steinheimer, F. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/bulletinofbritis1274brit#page/277/mode/1up">"Stabilising the nomenclature of Australasian birds by invalidation and suppression of disused and dubious senior names"</a>. <i>Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club</i>. <b>127</b> (4): 268–282 [277].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+British+Ornithologists%27+Club&rft.atitle=Stabilising+the+nomenclature+of+Australasian+birds+by+invalidation+and+suppression+of+disused+and+dubious+senior+names&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=268-282+277&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Schodde&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.au=Boch%2C+W.J.&rft.au=Steinheimer%2C+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fbulletinofbritis1274brit%23page%2F277%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewtonMitchell1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newton" title="Alfred Newton">Newton, Alfred</a>; <a href="/wiki/Peter_Chalmers_Mitchell" title="Peter Chalmers Mitchell">Mitchell, Peter Chalmers</a> (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Ornithology"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Ornithology">"Ornithology" </a></span>. In <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 302.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ornithology&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=302&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Newton&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+Peter+Chalmers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson1989" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, Christine E. (1989). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/birdetchingsillu00jack/page/136/mode/1up"><i>Bird Etchings: The Illustrators and Their Books, 1655–1855</i></a></span>. Ithaca; London: Cornell University Press. pp. 136–147. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8014-9684-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8014-9684-5"><bdi>0-8014-9684-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bird+Etchings%3A+The+Illustrators+and+Their+Books%2C+1655%E2%80%931855&rft.place=Ithaca%3B+London&rft.pages=136-147&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-8014-9684-5&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Christine+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbirdetchingsillu00jack%2Fpage%2F136%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Latham_(ornithologist)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">Hindwood, K.A. (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38791995">"The "Watling" drawings with incidental notes on the "Lambert" and the "Latham" drawings"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales</i>. <b>89</b> (1968–1969): 16–32.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Zoological+Society+of+New+South+Wales&rft.atitle=The+%22Watling%22+drawings+with+incidental+notes+on+the+%22Lambert%22+and+the+%22Latham%22+drawings&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=1968%E2%80%931969&rft.pages=16-32&rft.date=1970&rft.aulast=Hindwood&rft.aufirst=K.A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F38791995&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">Mathews, G.M. (1931). "John Latham (1740–1837): an early English Ornithologist". <i>Ibis</i>. <b>73</b> (3): 466–475. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1474-919X.1931.tb01530.x">10.1111/j.1474-919X.1931.tb01530.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ibis&rft.atitle=John+Latham+%281740%E2%80%931837%29%3A+an+early+English+Ornithologist&rft.volume=73&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=466-475&rft.date=1931&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1474-919X.1931.tb01530.x&rft.aulast=Mathews&rft.aufirst=G.M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">Sawyer, F.C. (1949). "Notes on some original drawings of birds used by Dr John Latham". <i>Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History</i>. <b>2</b> (5): 173–180. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3366%2Fjsbnh.1949.2.5.173">10.3366/jsbnh.1949.2.5.173</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Society+for+the+Bibliography+of+Natural+History&rft.atitle=Notes+on+some+original+drawings+of+birds+used+by+Dr+John+Latham&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=173-180&rft.date=1949&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3366%2Fjsbnh.1949.2.5.173&rft.aulast=Sawyer&rft.aufirst=F.C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Sharpe, Richard Bowdler (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41988000"><i>The History of the Collections Contained in the Natural History Departments of the British Museum. Volume 2</i></a>. Vol. 2. London: British Museum. pp. 89–154.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+Collections+Contained+in+the+Natural+History+Departments+of+the+British+Museum.+Volume+2&rft.place=London&rft.pages=89-154&rft.pub=British+Museum&rft.date=1906&rft.aulast=Sharpe&rft.aufirst=Richard+Bowdler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpage%2F41988000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Latham_(ornithologist)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalaby1967" class="citation book cs1">Calaby, J.H. (1967). "John Latham (1740–1837)". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/latham-john-2333"><i>Latham, John (1740–1837)</i></a>. Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=John+Latham+%281740%E2%80%931837%29&rft.btitle=Latham%2C+John+%281740%E2%80%931837%29&rft.series=Australian+Dictionary+of+Biography&rft.pub=Australian+National+University&rft.date=1967&rft.aulast=Calaby&rft.aufirst=J.H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadb.anu.edu.au%2Fbiography%2Flatham-john-2333&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHutchinson1892" class="citation book cs1">Hutchinson, John (1892). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Men of Kent and Kentishmen/Stephen Langton"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Men_of_Kent_and_Kentishmen/Stephen_Langton">"Stephen Langton" </a></span>. <i>Men of Kent and Kentishmen</i> (Subscription ed.). Canterbury: Cross & Jackman. p. 88.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Stephen+Langton&rft.btitle=Men+of+Kent+and+Kentishmen&rft.place=Canterbury&rft.pages=88&rft.edition=Subscription&rft.pub=Cross+%26+Jackman&rft.date=1892&rft.aulast=Hutchinson&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Latham+%28ornithologist%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334364#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334364#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334364#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121383299">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/69237380">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/180716/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJrcpxqPkP8THdGKrCbTpP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/117605824">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n86844451">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15515326n">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15515326n">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Latham, John <1740-1837>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/TO0V482252">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=mzk2010577428&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p130641065">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=253446">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/xv8bbsqg182548h">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810579260905606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14741018">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.leopoldina.org/mitgliederverzeichnis/mitglieder/member/Member/show/johann-latham/">Leopoldina</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uni-stuttgart.de/hi/gnt/dsi2/index.php?table_name=dsi&function=details&where_field=id&where_value=3974">Scientific illustrators</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1466737">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/latham-john-2333">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd117605824.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/117605824">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/077049691">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6n315tz">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/6611">Te Papa (New Zealand)</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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