Regulation - EU - 2018/1725 - EN

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45/2001 i decyzji nr 1247/2002/WE (Tekst mający znaczenie dla EOG.)" lang="pl"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/pol/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/pol" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/pol/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/pol/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/pol"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/pol/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/pol/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.POL.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/pol/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" 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typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/por"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/por" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/por" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/POR"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/por" property="eli:title" content="Regulamento (UE) 2018/1725 do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho, de 23 de outubro de 2018, relativo à proteção das pessoas singulares no que diz respeito ao tratamento de dados pessoais pelas instituições e pelos órgãos e organismos da União e à livre circulação desses dados, e que revoga o Regulamento (CE) n.° 45/2001 e a Decisão n.° 1247/2002/CE (Texto relevante para efeitos do EEE.)" lang="pt"/> <meta 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resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/est"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/est" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/est" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/EST"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/est" property="eli:title" content="Euroopa Parlamendi ja nõukogu määrus (EL) 2018/1725, 23. oktoober 2018, mis käsitleb füüsiliste isikute kaitset isikuandmete töötlemisel liidu institutsioonides, organites ja asutustes ning isikuandmete vaba liikumist, ning millega tunnistatakse kehtetuks määrus (EÜ) nr 45/2001 ja otsus nr 1247/2002/EÜ (EMPs kohaldatav tekst.)" lang="et"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/est/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/est" property="eli:is_embodied_by" 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property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/est"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/est/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/est/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.EST.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/est/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/SPA"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa" property="eli:title" content="Reglamento (UE) 2018/1725 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 23 de octubre de 2018, relativo a la protección de las personas físicas en lo que respecta al tratamiento de datos personales por las instituciones, órganos y organismos de la Unión, y a la libre circulación de esos datos, y por el que se derogan el Reglamento (CE) n.° 45/2001 y la Decisión n.° 1247/2002/CE (Texto pertinente a efectos del EEE.)" lang="es"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.SPA.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/fmx4" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.SPA.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.SPA.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/spa/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/CES"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces" property="eli:title" content="Nařízení Evropského parlamentu a Rady (EU) 2018/1725 ze dne 23. října 2018 o ochraně fyzických osob v souvislosti se zpracováním osobních údajů orgány, institucemi a jinými subjekty Unie a o volném pohybu těchto údajů a o zrušení nařízení (ES) č. 45/2001 a rozhodnutí č. 1247/2002/ES (Text s významem pro EHP.)" lang="cs"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.CES.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/fmx4" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.CES.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.CES.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ces/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/ITA"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita" property="eli:title" content="Regolamento (UE) 2018/1725 del Parlamento europeo e del Consiglio, del 23 ottobre 2018, sulla tutela delle persone fisiche in relazione al trattamento dei dati personali da parte delle istituzioni, degli organi e degli organismi dell’Unione e sulla libera circolazione di tali dati, e che abroga il regolamento (CE) n. 45/2001 e la decisione n. 1247/2002/CE (Testo rilevante ai fini del SEE.)" lang="it"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.ITA.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/fmx4" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.ITA.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.ITA.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ita/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/SLK"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk" property="eli:title" content="Nariadenie Európskeho parlamentu a Rady (EÚ) 2018/1725 z 23. októbra 2018 o ochrane fyzických osôb pri spracúvaní osobných údajov inštitúciami, orgánmi, úradmi a agentúrami Únie a o voľnom pohybe takýchto údajov, ktorým sa zrušuje nariadenie (ES) č. 45/2001 a rozhodnutie č. 1247/2002/ES (Text s významom pre EHP)" lang="sk"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.SLK.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/fmx4" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.SLK.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.SLK.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slk/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/ELL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell" property="eli:title" content="Κανονισμός (ΕΕ) 2018/1725 του Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου και του Συμβουλίου, της 23ης Οκτωβρίου 2018, για την προστασία των φυσικών προσώπων έναντι της επεξεργασίας δεδομένων προσωπικού χαρακτήρα από τα θεσμικά και λοιπά όργανα και τους οργανισμούς της Ένωσης και την ελεύθερη κυκλοφορία των δεδομένων αυτών, και για την κατάργηση του κανονισμού (ΕΚ) αριθ. 45/2001 και της απόφασης αριθ. 1247/2002/ΕΚ (Κείμενο που παρουσιάζει ενδιαφέρον για τον ΕΟΧ.)" lang="el"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.ELL.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/fmx4" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.ELL.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.ELL.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ell/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/SLV"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv" property="eli:title" content="Uredba (EU) 2018/1725 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 23. oktobra 2018 o varstvu posameznikov pri obdelavi osebnih podatkov v institucijah, organih, uradih in agencijah Unije in o prostem pretoku takih podatkov ter o razveljavitvi Uredbe (ES) št. 45/2001 in Sklepa št. 1247/2002/ES (Besedilo velja za EGP.)" lang="sl"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.SLV.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/fmx4" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.SLV.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.SLV.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/slv/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/HUN"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun" property="eli:title" content="Az Európai Parlament és a Tanács (EU) 2018/1725 rendelete (2018. október 23.) a természetes személyeknek a személyes adatok uniós intézmények, szervek, hivatalok és ügynökségek általi kezelése tekintetében való védelméről és az ilyen adatok szabad áramlásáról, valamint a 45/2001/EK rendelet és az 1247/2002/EK határozat hatályon kívül helyezéséről (EGT-vonatkozású szöveg.)" lang="hu"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.HUN.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/fmx4" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.HUN.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.HUN.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/hun/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/MLT"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt" property="eli:title" content="Regolament (UE) 2018/1725 tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tat-23 ta’ Ottubru 2018 dwar il-protezzjoni ta’ persuni fiżiċi fir-rigward tal-ipproċessar ta’ data personali mill-istituzzjonijiet, korpi, uffiċċji u aġenziji tal-Unjoni u dwar il-moviment liberu ta’ tali data, u li jħassar ir-Regolament (KE) Nru 45/2001 u d-Deċiżjoni Nru 1247/2002/KE (Test b'rilevanza għaż-ŻEE.)" lang="mt"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.MLT.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/fmx4" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.MLT.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.MLT.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/mlt/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/DEU"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu" property="eli:title" content="Verordnung (EU) 2018/1725 des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates vom 23. Oktober 2018 zum Schutz natürlicher Personen bei der Verarbeitung personenbezogener Daten durch die Organe, Einrichtungen und sonstigen Stellen der Union, zum freien Datenverkehr und zur Aufhebung der Verordnung (EG) Nr. 45/2001 und des Beschlusses Nr. 1247/2002/EG (Text von Bedeutung für den EWR.)" lang="de"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.DEU.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/fmx4" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.DEU.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.DEU.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/deu/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/DAN"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan" property="eli:title" content="Europa-Parlamentets og Rådets forordning (EU) 2018/1725 af 23. oktober 2018 om beskyttelse af fysiske personer i forbindelse med behandling af personoplysninger i Unionens institutioner, organer, kontorer og agenturer og om fri udveksling af sådanne oplysninger og om ophævelse af forordning (EF) nr. 45/2001 og afgørelse nr. 1247/2002/EF (EØS-relevant tekst.)" lang="da"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.DAN.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/fmx4" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.DAN.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.DAN.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/dan/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/SWE"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe" property="eli:title" content="Europaparlamentets och rådets förordning (EU) 2018/1725 av den 23 oktober 2018 om skydd för fysiska personer med avseende på behandling av personuppgifter som utförs av unionens institutioner, organ och byråer och om det fria flödet av sådana uppgifter samt om upphävande av förordning (EG) nr 45/2001 och beslut nr 1247/2002/EG (Text av betydelse för EES.)" lang="sv"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.SWE.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/fmx4" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.SWE.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.SWE.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/swe/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/RON"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron" property="eli:title" content="Regulamentul (UE) 2018/1725 al Parlamentului European și al Consiliului din 23 octombrie 2018 privind protecția persoanelor fizice în ceea ce privește prelucrarea datelor cu caracter personal de către instituțiile, organele, oficiile și agențiile Uniunii și privind libera circulație a acestor date și de abrogare a Regulamentului (CE) nr. 45/2001 și a Deciziei nr. 1247/2002/CE (Text cu relevanță pentru SEE.)" lang="ro"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.RON.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/fmx4" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.RON.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.RON.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/ron/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/LIT"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit" property="eli:title" content="2018 m. spalio 23 d. Europos Parlamento ir Tarybos reglamentas (ES) 2018/1725 dėl fizinių asmenų apsaugos Sąjungos institucijoms, organams, tarnyboms ir agentūroms tvarkant asmens duomenis ir dėl laisvo tokių duomenų judėjimo, kuriuo panaikinamas Reglamentas (EB) Nr. 45/2001 ir Sprendimas Nr. 1247/2002/EB (Tekstas svarbus EEE.)" lang="lt"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" 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about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.LIT.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lit/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/bul" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/bul"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/bul" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/bul" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/BUL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/bul" property="eli:title" content="Регламент (ЕС) 2018/1725 на Европейския парламент и на Съвета от 23 октомври 2018 година относно защитата на физическите лица във връзка с обработването на лични данни от институциите, органите, службите и агенциите на Съюза и относно свободното движение на такива данни и за отмяна на Регламент (ЕО) № 45/2001 и Решение № 1247/2002/ЕО (Текст от значение за ЕИП.)" lang="bg"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/bul/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/bul" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/bul/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/bul/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/bul"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/bul/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/bul/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.BUL.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/bul/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" 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about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/GLE"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle" property="eli:title" content="Rialachán (AE) 2018/1725 ó Pharlaimint na hEorpa agus ón gComhairle an 23 Deireadh Fómhair 2018 maidir le daoine nádúrtha a chosaint i ndáil le sonraí pearsanta a phróiseáil ag institiúidí, comhlachtaí, oifigí agus gníomhaireachtaí an Aontais agus maidir le saorghluaiseacht sonraí den sórt sin, agus lena n-aisghairtear Rialachán (CE) Uimh. 45/2001 agus Cinneadh Uimh. 1247/2002/CE (Téacs atá ábhartha maidir le LEE.)" lang="ga"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle" property="eli:is_embodied_by" 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<meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.GLE.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.GLE.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/gle/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/eng" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/eng"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/eng" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/eng" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/ENG"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/eng" property="eli:title" content="Regulation (EU) 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 and Decision No 1247/2002/EC (Text with EEA relevance.)" lang="en"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/eng/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/eng" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/eng/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/eng/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" 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resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/eng/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.ENG.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/eng/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/LAV"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav" property="eli:title" content="Eiropas Parlamenta un Padomes Regula (ES) 2018/1725 (2018. gada 23. oktobris) par fizisku personu aizsardzību attiecībā uz personas datu apstrādi Savienības iestādēs, struktūrās, birojos un aģentūrās un par šādu datu brīvu apriti un ar ko atceļ Regulu (EK) Nr. 45/2001 un Lēmumu Nr. 1247/2002/EK (Dokuments attiecas uz EEZ.)" lang="lv"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.LAV.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/fmx4" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/fmx4" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/fmx4" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/fmx4" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.LAV.fmx4"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/fmx4" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/xhtml" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/xhtml" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/xhtml" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/xhtml+xml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/xhtml" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.LAV.xhtml"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/lav/xhtml" property="eli:publisher_agent" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/corporate-body/PUBL"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/nld" typeof="eli:LegalExpression"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj" property="eli:is_realized_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/nld"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/nld" property="eli:realizes" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/nld" property="eli:language" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/authority/language/NLD"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/nld" property="eli:title" content="Verordening (EU) 2018/1725 van het Europees Parlement en de Raad van 23 oktober 2018 betreffende de bescherming van natuurlijke personen in verband met de verwerking van persoonsgegevens door de instellingen, organen en instanties van de Unie en betreffende het vrije verkeer van die gegevens, en tot intrekking van Verordening (EG) nr. 45/2001 en Besluit nr. 1247/2002/EG (Voor de EER relevante tekst.)" lang="nl"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/nld/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/nld" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/nld/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/nld/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/nld"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/nld/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/nld/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" 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liikkuvuudesta sekä asetuksen (EY) N:o 45/2001 ja päätöksen N:o 1247/2002/EY kumoamisesta (ETA:n kannalta merkityksellinen teksti.)" lang="fi"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/fin/pdfa1a" typeof="eli:Format"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/fin" property="eli:is_embodied_by" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/fin/pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/fin/pdfa1a" property="eli:embodies" resource="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/fin"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/fin/pdfa1a" property="eli:format" resource="http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/pdf;type=pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/fin/pdfa1a" property="eli:is_exemplified_by" resource="http://publications.europa.eu/resource/celex/32018R1725.FIN.pdfa1a"/> <meta about="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1725/oj/fin/pdfa1a" property="eli:publisher_agent" 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(Text with EEA relevance.)</p> <p id="title" class="title-bold">Regulation (EU) 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 and Decision No 1247/2002/EC (Text with EEA relevance.)</p> <p id="originalTitle" class="hidden">Regulation (EU) 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 and Decision No 1247/2002/EC (Text with EEA relevance.)</p> <p>PE/31/2018/REV/1</p> <p> <em>OJ L 295, 21.11.2018, p. 39–98 (BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, GA, HR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, 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</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/GA/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" title="Gaeilge"> <span>GA</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/HR/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" title="Hrvatski"> <span>HR</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/IT/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="it" hreflang="it" title="Italiano"> <span>IT</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/LV/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" title="Latviešu valoda"> <span>LV</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/LT/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" title="Lietuvių kalba"> <span>LT</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/HU/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" title="Magyar"> <span>HU</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/MT/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" title="Malti"> <span>MT</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/NL/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" title="Nederlands"> <span>NL</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/PL/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" title="Polski"> <span>PL</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/PT/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" title="Português"> <span>PT</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/RO/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" title="Română"> <span>RO</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/SK/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" title="Slovenčina"> <span>SK</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/SL/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" title="Slovenščina"> <span>SL</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/FI/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" title="Suomi"> <span>FI</span> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="./../../../legal-content/SV/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" title="Svenska"> <span>SV</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="PubFormat"> <div class="PubFormatType"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>HTML</span> </div> <div class="btn-group btn-group-md"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary " title="HTML English" onclick="$('#format_language_table_HTML_EN').click();"> <span>EN</span> </button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> <i class="fa fa-caret-down" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span> </button> <ul class="dropdown-menu PubFormatHTML"> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/BG/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_BG" class="piwik_download" title="HTML български" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>BG</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/ES/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_ES" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Español" lang="es" hreflang="es" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>ES</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/CS/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_CS" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>CS</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/DA/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_DA" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>DA</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/DE/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_DE" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Deutsch" lang="de" hreflang="de" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>DE</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/ET/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_ET" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Eesti keel" lang="et" hreflang="et" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>ET</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/EL/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_EL" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Ελληνικά" lang="el" hreflang="el" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>EL</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_EN" class="piwik_download" title="HTML English" lang="en" hreflang="en" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>EN</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/FR/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_FR" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Français" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>FR</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/GA/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_GA" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Gaeilge" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>GA</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/HR/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_HR" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>HR</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/IT/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_IT" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>IT</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/LV/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_LV" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Latviešu valoda" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>LV</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/LT/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_LT" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Lietuvių kalba" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>LT</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/HU/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_HU" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Magyar" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>HU</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/MT/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_MT" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Malti" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>MT</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/NL/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_NL" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>NL</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/PL/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_PL" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>PL</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/PT/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_PT" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Português" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>PT</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/RO/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_RO" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Română" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>RO</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/SK/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_SK" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Slovenčina" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>SK</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/SL/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_SL" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Slovenščina" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>SL</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/FI/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_FI" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>FI</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/SV/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_HTML_SV" class="piwik_download" title="HTML Svenska" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" rel="noindex"> <i class="exi exi-html" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>SV</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="PubFormat"> <div class="PubFormatType"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>PDF</span> </div> <div class="btn-group btn-group-md"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary " title="PDF English" onclick="$('#format_language_table_PDF_EN').click();"> <span>EN</span> </button> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> <i class="fa fa-caret-down" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span class="sr-only">Toggle Dropdown</span> </button> <ul class="dropdown-menu PubFormatPDF"> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/BG/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_BG" class="piwik_download" title="PDF български" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>BG</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/ES/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_ES" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Español" lang="es" hreflang="es" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>ES</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/CS/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_CS" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>CS</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/DA/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_DA" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>DA</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/DE/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_DE" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Deutsch" lang="de" hreflang="de" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>DE</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/ET/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_ET" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Eesti keel" lang="et" hreflang="et" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>ET</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/EL/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_EL" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Ελληνικά" lang="el" hreflang="el" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>EL</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_EN" class="piwik_download" title="PDF English" lang="en" hreflang="en" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>EN</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/FR/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_FR" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Français" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>FR</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/GA/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_GA" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Gaeilge" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>GA</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/HR/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_HR" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>HR</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/IT/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_IT" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>IT</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/LV/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_LV" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Latviešu valoda" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>LV</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/LT/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_LT" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Lietuvių kalba" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>LT</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/HU/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_HU" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Magyar" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>HU</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/MT/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_MT" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Malti" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>MT</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/NL/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_NL" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" onclick="eurlexDcsMultiTrack('DCS.dcsuri','/document-format.html','WT.ti','Document format','WT.z_docFormat', 'pdf', 'WT.dl', '20'); return true;"> <i class="exi exi-pdf" aria-hidden="true"> </i> <span>NL</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="./../../../legal-content/PL/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018R1725" id="format_language_table_PDF_PL" class="piwik_download" title="PDF Polski" 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Article 8(1) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (the ‘Charter’) and Article 16(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) provide that everyone has the right to the protection of personal data concerning him or her. This right is also guaranteed under Article 8 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_2"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(2)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council <a id="ntc3-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0003" href="#ntr3-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0003" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">3</span>)</a> provides natural persons with legally enforceable rights, specifies the data processing obligations of controllers within the Community institutions and bodies, and creates an independent supervisory authority, the European Data Protection Supervisor, responsible for monitoring the processing of personal data by the Union institutions and bodies. However, it does not apply to the processing of personal data in the course of an activity of Union institutions and bodies which fall outside the scope of Union law.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_3"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(3)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council <a id="ntc4-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0004" href="#ntr4-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0004" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">4</span>)</a> and Directive (EU) 2016/680 of the European Parliament and of the Council <a id="ntc5-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0005" href="#ntr5-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0005" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">5</span>)</a> were adopted on 27 April 2016. While the Regulation lays down general rules to protect natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and to ensure the free movement of personal data within the Union, the Directive lays down the specific rules to protect natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and to ensure the free movement of personal data within the Union in the fields of judicial cooperation in criminal matters and police cooperation.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_4"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(4)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Regulation (EU) 2016/679 provides for the adaptation of Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 in order to ensure a strong and coherent data protection framework in the Union and to allow its application in parallel with Regulation (EU) 2016/679.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_5"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(5)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">It is in the interest of a coherent approach to personal data protection throughout the Union, and of the free movement of personal data within the Union, to align as far as possible the data protection rules for Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies with the data protection rules adopted for the public sector in the Member States. Whenever the provisions of this Regulation follow the same principles as the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, those two sets of provisions should, under the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union (the ‘Court of Justice’), be interpreted homogeneously, in particular because the scheme of this Regulation should be understood as equivalent to the scheme of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_6"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(6)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Persons whose personal data are processed by Union institutions and bodies in any context whatsoever, for example, because they are employed by those institutions and bodies, should be protected. This Regulation should not apply to the processing of personal data of deceased persons. This Regulation does not cover the processing of personal data which concerns legal persons and in particular undertakings established as legal persons, including the name and the form of the legal person and the contact details of the legal person.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_7"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(7)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In order to prevent creating a serious risk of circumvention, the protection of natural persons should be technologically neutral and should not depend on the techniques used.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_8"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(8)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">This Regulation should apply to the processing of personal data by all Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies. It should apply to the processing of personal data wholly or partly by automated means and to the processing other than by automated means of personal data which form part of a filing system or are intended to form part of a filing system. Files or sets of files, as well as their cover pages, which are not structured according to specific criteria should not fall within the scope of this Regulation.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_9"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(9)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In Declaration No 21 on the protection of personal data in the fields of judicial cooperation in criminal matters and police cooperation, annexed to the final act of the intergovernmental conference which adopted the Treaty of Lisbon, the conference acknowledged that specific rules on the protection of personal data and on the free movement of personal data in the fields of judicial cooperation in criminal matters and police cooperation based on Article 16 TFEU could prove necessary because of the specific nature of those fields. A distinct Chapter of this Regulation containing general rules should therefore apply to the processing of operational personal data, such as personal data processed for the purposes of a criminal investigation by Union bodies, offices or agencies when carrying out activities in the fields of judicial cooperation in criminal matters and police cooperation.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_10"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(10)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Directive (EU) 2016/680 sets out harmonised rules for the protection and the free movement of personal data processed for the purposes of the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or execution of criminal penalties, including the safeguarding against and the prevention of threats to public security. In order to ensure the same level of protection for natural persons through legally enforceable rights throughout the Union and to prevent divergences hampering the exchange of personal data between Union bodies, offices or agencies when carrying out activities which fall within the scope of Chapter 4 or Chapter 5 of Title V of Part Three TFEU and competent authorities, the rules for the protection and the free movement of operational personal data processed by such Union bodies, offices or agencies should be consistent with Directive (EU) 2016/680.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_11"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(11)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The general rules of the Chapter of this Regulation on the processing of operational personal data should apply without prejudice to the specific rules applicable to the processing of operational personal data by Union bodies, offices and agencies when carrying out activities falling within the scope of Chapter 4 or Chapter 5 of Title V of Part Three TFEU. Such specific rules should be regarded as <span class="oj-italic">lex specialis</span> to the provisions in the Chapter of this Regulation on the processing of operational personal data (<span class="oj-italic">lex specialis derogat legi generali</span>). In order to reduce legal fragmentation, specific data protection rules applicable to the processing of operational personal data by Union bodies, offices or agencies when carrying out activities falling within the scope of Chapter 4 or Chapter 5 of Title V of Part Three TFEU should be consistent with the principles underpinning the Chapter of this Regulation on the processing of operational personal data, as well as with the provisions of this Regulation relating to independent supervision, remedies, liability and penalties.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_12"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(12)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The Chapter of this Regulation on the processing of operational personal data should apply to Union bodies, offices and agencies when carrying out activities which fall within the scope of Chapter 4 or Chapter 5 of Title V of Part Three TFEU, whether they exercise such activities as their main or ancillary tasks, for the purposes of the prevention, detection, investigation or prosecution of criminal offences. However, it should not apply to Europol or to the European Public Prosecutor’s Office until the legal acts establishing Europol and the European Public Prosecutor’s Office are amended with a view to rendering the Chapter of this Regulation on the processing of operational personal data, as adapted, applicable to them.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_13"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(13)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The Commission should conduct a review of this Regulation, in particular the Chapter of this Regulation on the processing of operational personal data. The Commission should also conduct a review of other legal acts adopted on the basis of the Treaties which regulate the processing of operational personal data by Union bodies, offices or agencies when carrying out activities which fall within the scope of Chapter 4 or Chapter 5 of Title V of Part Three TFEU. After such a review, in order to ensure uniform and consistent protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data, the Commission should be able to make any appropriate legislative proposals, including any necessary adaptations of the Chapter of this Regulation on the processing of operational personal data, with a view to applying it to Europol and to the European Public Prosecutor’s Office. The adaptations should take into account provisions relating to independent supervision, remedies, liability and penalties.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_14"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(14)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The processing of administrative personal data, such as staff data, by Union bodies, offices or agencies carrying out activities which fall within the scope of Chapter 4 or Chapter 5 of Title V of Part Three TFEU should be covered by this Regulation.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_15"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(15)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">This Regulation should apply to the processing of personal data by Union institutions, bodies, offices or agencies carrying out activities which fall within the scope of Chapter 2 of Title V of the Treaty on European Union (TEU). This Regulation should not apply to the processing of personal data by missions referred to in Articles 42(1), 43 and 44 TEU, which implement the common security and defence policy. Where appropriate, relevant proposals should be put forward to further regulate the processing of personal data in the field of the common security and defence policy.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_16"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(16)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The principles of data protection should apply to any information concerning an identified or identifiable natural person. Personal data which have undergone pseudonymisation, which could be attributed to a natural person by the use of additional information, should be considered to be information on an identifiable natural person. To determine whether a natural person is identifiable, account should be taken of all the means reasonably likely to be used, such as singling out, either by the controller or by another person, to identify the natural person directly or indirectly. To ascertain whether means are reasonably likely to be used to identify the natural person, account should be taken of all objective factors, such as the costs of and the amount of time required for identification, taking into consideration the available technology at the time of the processing and technological developments. The principles of data protection should therefore not apply to anonymous information, namely information which does not relate to an identified or identifiable natural person or to personal data rendered anonymous in such a manner that the data subject is not or no longer identifiable. This Regulation does not therefore concern the processing of such anonymous information, including for statistical or research purposes.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_17"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(17)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The application of pseudonymisation to personal data can reduce the risks to the data subjects concerned and help controllers and processors to meet their data protection obligations. The explicit introduction of ‘pseudonymisation’ in this Regulation is not intended to preclude any other measures of data protection.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_18"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(18)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Natural persons may be associated with online identifiers provided by their devices, applications, tools and protocols, such as internet protocol addresses, cookie identifiers or other identifiers such as radio frequency identification tags. This may leave traces which, in particular when combined with unique identifiers and other information received by the servers, may be used to create profiles of the natural persons and identify them.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_19"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(19)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Consent should be given by a clear affirmative act establishing a freely given, specific, informed and unambiguous indication of the data subject’s agreement to the processing of personal data relating to him or her, such as by a written statement, including by electronic means, or an oral statement. This could include ticking a box when visiting an internet website, choosing technical settings for information society services or another statement or conduct which clearly indicates in this context the data subject’s acceptance of the proposed processing of his or her personal data. Silence, pre-ticked boxes or inactivity should not therefore constitute consent. Consent should cover all processing activities carried out for the same purpose or purposes. When the processing has multiple purposes, consent should be given for all of them. If the data subject’s consent is to be given following a request by electronic means, the request must be clear, concise and not unnecessarily disruptive to the use of the service for which it is provided. At the same time, the data subject should have the right to withdraw consent at any time without affecting the lawfulness of processing based on consent before its withdrawal. In order to ensure that consent is freely given, consent should not provide a valid legal ground for the processing of personal data in a specific case where there is a clear imbalance between the data subject and the controller and it is therefore unlikely that consent was freely given in all the circumstances of that specific situation. It is often not possible to fully identify the purpose of personal data processing for scientific research purposes at the time of data collection. Therefore, data subjects should be allowed to give their consent to certain areas of scientific research when in keeping with recognised ethical standards for scientific research. Data subjects should have an opportunity to give their consent only to certain areas of research or parts of research projects to the extent allowed by the intended purpose.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_20"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(20)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Any processing of personal data should be lawful and fair. It should be transparent to natural persons that personal data concerning them are collected, used, consulted or otherwise processed and to what extent the personal data are or will be processed. The principle of transparency requires that any information and communication relating to the processing of those personal data be easily accessible and easy to understand, and that clear and plain language be used. That principle concerns, in particular, information to the data subjects on the identity of the controller and the purposes of the processing and further information to ensure fair and transparent processing in respect of the natural persons concerned and their right to obtain confirmation and communication of personal data concerning them which are being processed. Natural persons should be made aware of risks, rules, safeguards and rights in relation to the processing of personal data and how to exercise their rights in relation to such processing. In particular, the specific purposes for which personal data are processed should be explicit and legitimate and determined at the time of the collection of the personal data. The personal data should be adequate, relevant and limited to what is necessary for the purposes for which they are processed. This requires, in particular, ensuring that the period for which the personal data are stored is limited to a strict minimum. Personal data should be processed only if the purpose of the processing could not reasonably be fulfilled by other means. In order to ensure that the personal data are not kept longer than necessary, time limits should be established by the controller for erasure or for a periodic review. Every reasonable step should be taken to ensure that personal data which are inaccurate are rectified or deleted. Personal data should be processed in a manner that ensures appropriate security and confidentiality of the personal data, including for preventing unauthorised access to or use of personal data and the equipment used for the processing and for preventing its unauthorised disclosure when it is transmitted.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_21"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(21)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In accordance with the principle of accountability, where Union institutions and bodies transmit personal data within the same Union institution or body and the recipient is not part of the controller, or to other Union institutions or bodies, they should verify whether such personal data are required for the legitimate performance of tasks within the competence of the recipient. In particular, following a recipient’s request for transmission of personal data, the controller should verify the existence of a relevant ground for lawfully processing personal data and the competence of the recipient. The controller should also make a provisional evaluation of the necessity of the transmission of the data. If doubts arise as to this necessity, the controller should seek further information from the recipient. The recipient should ensure that the necessity of the transmission of the data can be subsequently verified.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_22"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(22)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In order for processing to be lawful, personal data should be processed on the basis of the necessity for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest by Union institutions and bodies or in the exercise of their official authority, the necessity for compliance with a legal obligation to which the controller is subject or some other legitimate basis under this Regulation, including the consent of the data subject concerned, the necessity for the performance of a contract to which the data subject is party or in order to take steps at the request of the data subject prior to entering into a contract. Processing of personal data for the performance of tasks carried out in the public interest by the Union institutions and bodies includes the processing of personal data necessary for the management and functioning of those institutions and bodies. The processing of personal data should also be regarded to be lawful where it is necessary to protect an interest which is essential for the life of the data subject or that of another natural person. Processing of personal data based on the vital interest of another natural person should in principle take place only where the processing cannot be manifestly based on another legal basis. Some types of processing may serve both important grounds of public interest and the vital interests of the data subject, as for instance when processing is necessary for humanitarian purposes, including for monitoring epidemics and their spread, or in situations of humanitarian emergencies, in particular in situations of natural and man-made disasters.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_23"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(23)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The Union law referred to in this Regulation should be clear and precise and its application should be foreseeable to persons subject to it, in accordance with the requirements set out in the Charter and the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_24"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(24)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The internal rules referred to in this Regulation should be clear and precise acts of general application intended to produce legal effects vis-à-vis data subjects. They should be adopted at the highest level of management of the Union institutions and bodies, within their competencies and in matters relating to their operation. They should be published in the <span class="oj-italic">Official Journal of the European Union</span>. The application of those rules should be foreseeable to persons subject to them in accordance with the requirements set out in the Charter and the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms. Internal rules may take the form of decisions, in particular when adopted by Union institutions.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_25"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(25)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The processing of personal data for purposes other than those for which the personal data were initially collected should be allowed only where the processing is compatible with the purposes for which the personal data were initially collected. In such a case, no legal basis separate from that which allowed the collection of the personal data is required. If the processing is necessary for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller, Union law may determine and specify the tasks and purposes for which the further processing should be regarded as compatible and lawful. Further processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes should be considered to be compatible lawful processing operations. The legal basis provided by Union law for the processing of personal data may also provide a legal basis for further processing. In order to ascertain whether a purpose of further processing is compatible with the purpose for which the personal data are initially collected, the controller, after having met all the requirements for the lawfulness of the original processing, should take into account, inter alia: any link between those purposes and the purposes of the intended further processing; the context in which the personal data have been collected, in particular the reasonable expectations of data subjects based on their relationship with the controller as to their further use; the nature of the personal data; the consequences of the intended further processing for data subjects; and the existence of appropriate safeguards in both the original and intended further processing operations.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_26"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(26)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Where processing is based on the data subject’s consent, the controller should be able to demonstrate that the data subject has given consent to the processing operation. In particular in the context of a written declaration on another matter, safeguards should ensure that the data subject is aware of the fact that and the extent to which consent is given. In accordance with Council Directive 93/13/EEC <a id="ntc6-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0006" href="#ntr6-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0006" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">6</span>)</a>, a declaration of consent pre-formulated by the controller should be provided in an intelligible and easily accessible form, using clear and plain language and it should not contain unfair terms. For consent to be informed, the data subject should be aware at least of the identity of the controller and the purposes of the processing for which the personal data are intended. Consent should not be regarded as freely given if the data subject has no genuine or free choice or is unable to refuse or withdraw consent without detriment.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_27"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(27)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Children merit specific protection with regard to their personal data, as they may be less aware of the risks, consequences and safeguards concerned and their rights in relation to the processing of personal data. Such specific protection should, in particular, apply to creating personality profiles and to the collection of personal data with regard to children when services are offered directly to a child on websites of Union institutions and bodies, such as interpersonal communication services or online selling of tickets, and the processing of personal data is based on consent.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_28"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(28)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">When recipients established in the Union other than Union institutions and bodies would like to have personal data transmitted to them by Union institutions and bodies, those recipients should demonstrate that it is necessary to have the data transmitted to these recipients either for the performance of their task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in them. Alternatively, those recipients should demonstrate that the transmission is necessary for a specific purpose in the public interest and the controller should establish whether there is any reason to assume that the data subject’s legitimate interests might be prejudiced. In such cases, the controller should demonstrably weigh the various competing interests in order to assess the proportionality of the requested transmission of personal data. The specific purpose in the public interest could relate to the transparency of Union institutions and bodies. Furthermore, Union institutions and bodies should demonstrate such necessity when they themselves initiate a transmission, in compliance with the principle of transparency and good administration. The requirements laid down in this Regulation for transmissions to recipients established in the Union other than Union institutions and bodies should be understood as supplementary to the conditions for lawful processing.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_29"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(29)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Personal data which are, by their nature, particularly sensitive in relation to fundamental rights and freedoms merit specific protection, as the context of their processing could create significant risks to the fundamental rights and freedoms. Such personal data should not be processed unless the specific conditions set out in this Regulation are met. Those personal data should include personal data revealing racial or ethnic origin, whereby the use of the term ‘racial origin’ in this Regulation does not imply an acceptance by the Union of theories which attempt to determine the existence of separate human races. The processing of photographs should not systematically be considered to be processing of special categories of personal data as they are covered by the definition of biometric data only when processed through a specific technical means allowing the unique identification or authentication of a natural person. In addition to the specific requirements for processing of sensitive data, the general principles and other rules of this Regulation should apply, in particular as regards the conditions for lawful processing. Derogations from the general prohibition for processing such special categories of personal data should be explicitly provided, inter alia, where the data subject gives his or her explicit consent or in respect of specific needs, in particular where the processing is carried out in the course of legitimate activities by certain associations or foundations the purpose of which is to permit the exercise of fundamental freedoms.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_30"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(30)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Special categories of personal data which merit higher protection should be processed for health-related purposes only where necessary to achieve those purposes for the benefit of natural persons and society as a whole, in particular in the context of the management of health or social care services and systems. Therefore, this Regulation should provide for harmonised conditions for the processing of special categories of personal data concerning health, in respect of specific needs, in particular where the processing of such data is carried out for certain health-related purposes by persons subject to a legal obligation of professional secrecy. Union law should provide for specific and suitable measures so as to protect fundamental rights and the personal data of natural persons.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_31"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(31)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The processing of special categories of personal data may be necessary for reasons of public interest in the areas of public health without consent of the data subject. Such processing should be subject to suitable and specific measures so as to protect the rights and freedoms of natural persons. In that context, ‘public health’ should be interpreted as defined in Regulation (EC) No 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council <a id="ntc7-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0007" href="#ntr7-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0007" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">7</span>)</a>, namely all elements related to health, namely health status, including morbidity and disability, the determinants having an effect on that health status, healthcare needs, resources allocated to healthcare, the provision of, and universal access to, healthcare as well as healthcare expenditure and financing, and the causes of mortality. Such processing of data concerning health for reasons of public interest should not result in personal data being processed for other purposes.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_32"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(32)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">If the personal data processed by a controller do not permit the controller to identify a natural person, the data controller should not be obliged to acquire additional information in order to identify the data subject for the sole purpose of complying with any provision of this Regulation. However, the controller should not refuse to take additional information provided by the data subject in order to support the exercise of his or her rights. Identification should include the digital identification of a data subject, for example through an authentication mechanism such as the same credentials, used by the data subject to log in to the online service offered by the data controller.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_33"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(33)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The processing of personal data for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes should be subject to appropriate safeguards for the rights and freedoms of the data subject pursuant to this Regulation. Those safeguards should ensure that technical and organisational measures are in place in order to ensure, in particular, the principle of data minimisation. The further processing of personal data for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes is to be carried out when the controller has assessed the feasibility to fulfil those purposes by processing data which do not permit or no longer permit the identification of data subjects, provided that appropriate safeguards exist (such as, for instance, pseudonymisation of the data). Union institutions and bodies should provide for appropriate safeguards for the processing of personal data for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes in Union law, which may include internal rules adopted by Union institutions and bodies in matters relating to their operation.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_34"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(34)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Modalities should be provided for facilitating the exercise of the data subject’s rights under this Regulation, including mechanisms to request and, if applicable, obtain, free of charge, in particular, access to and rectification or erasure of personal data and the exercise of the right to object. The controller should also provide means for requests to be made electronically, especially where personal data are processed by electronic means. The controller should be obliged to respond to requests from the data subject without undue delay and at the latest within one month and to give reasons where the controller does not intend to comply with any such requests.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_35"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(35)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The principles of fair and transparent processing require that the data subject be informed of the existence of the processing operation and its purposes. The controller should provide the data subject with any further information necessary to ensure fair and transparent processing taking into account the specific circumstances and context in which the personal data are processed. Furthermore, the data subject should be informed of the existence of profiling and the consequences of such profiling. Where the personal data are collected from the data subject, the data subject should also be informed whether he or she is obliged to provide the personal data and of the consequences, where he or she does not provide such data. That information may be provided in combination with standardised icons in order to give in an easily visible, intelligible and clearly legible manner, a meaningful overview of the intended processing. Where the icons are presented electronically, they should be machine-readable.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_36"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(36)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The information in relation to the processing of personal data relating to the data subject should be given to him or her at the time of collection from the data subject, or, where the personal data are obtained from another source, within a reasonable period, depending on the circumstances of the case. Where personal data can be legitimately disclosed to another recipient, the data subject should be informed when the personal data are first disclosed to the recipient. Where the controller intends to process the personal data for a purpose other than that for which they were collected, the controller should provide the data subject prior to that further processing with information on that other purpose and other necessary information. Where the origin of the personal data cannot be provided to the data subject because various sources have been used, general information should be provided.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_37"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(37)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">A data subject should have the right of access to personal data which have been collected concerning him or her, and to exercise that right easily and at reasonable intervals, in order to be aware of, and verify, the lawfulness of the processing. This includes the right for data subjects to have access to data concerning their health, for example the data in their medical records containing information such as diagnoses, examination results, assessments by treating physicians and any treatment or interventions provided. Every data subject should therefore have the right to know and obtain communication in particular with regard to the purposes for which the personal data are processed, where possible the period for which the personal data are processed, the recipients of the personal data, the logic involved in any automatic personal data processing and, at least when based on profiling, the consequences of such processing. That right should not adversely affect the rights or freedoms of others, including trade secrets or intellectual property and in particular the copyright protecting the software. However, the result of those considerations should not be a refusal to provide all information to the data subject. Where the controller processes a large quantity of information concerning the data subject, the controller should be able to request that, before the information is delivered, the data subject specify the information or processing activities to which the request relates.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_38"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(38)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">A data subject should have the right to have personal data concerning him or her rectified and a ‘right to be forgotten’ where the retention of such data infringes this Regulation or Union law to which the controller is subject. A data subject should have the right to have his or her personal data erased and no longer processed where the personal data are no longer necessary in relation to the purposes for which they are collected or otherwise processed, where a data subject has withdrawn his or her consent or objects to the processing of personal data concerning him or her, or where the processing of his or her personal data does not otherwise comply with this Regulation. That right is relevant in particular where the data subject has given his or her consent as a child and is not fully aware of the risks involved by the processing, and later wants to remove such personal data, especially on the internet. The data subject should be able to exercise that right notwithstanding the fact that he or she is no longer a child. However, the further retention of the personal data should be lawful where it is necessary, for exercising the right of freedom of expression and information, for compliance with a legal obligation, for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller, on the grounds of public interest in the area of public health, for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes, or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_39"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(39)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">To strengthen the right to be forgotten in the online environment, the right to erasure should also be extended in such a way that a controller who has made the personal data public should be obliged to inform the controllers which are processing such personal data to erase any links to, or copies or replications of those personal data. In doing so, that controller should take reasonable steps, taking into account available technology and the means available to the controller, including technical measures, to inform the controllers which are processing the personal data of the data subject’s request.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_40"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(40)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Methods by which to restrict the processing of personal data could include, inter alia, temporarily moving the selected data to another processing system, making the selected personal data unavailable to users, or temporarily removing published data from a website. In automated filing systems, the restriction of processing should in principle be ensured by technical means in such a manner that the personal data are not subject to further processing operations and cannot be changed. The fact that the processing of personal data is restricted should be clearly indicated in the system.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_41"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(41)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">To further strengthen the control over his or her own data, where the processing of personal data is carried out by automated means, the data subject should also be allowed to receive personal data concerning him or her which he or she has provided to a controller in a structured, commonly used, machine-readable and interoperable format, and to transmit it to another controller. Data controllers should be encouraged to develop interoperable formats that enable data portability. That right should apply where the data subject provided the personal data on the basis of his or her consent or the processing is necessary for the performance of a contract. It should therefore not apply where the processing of the personal data is necessary for compliance with a legal obligation to which the controller is subject or for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of an official authority vested in the controller. The data subject’s right to transmit or receive personal data concerning him or her should not create an obligation for the controllers to adopt or maintain processing systems which are technically compatible. Where, in a certain set of personal data, more than one data subject is concerned, the right to receive the personal data should be without prejudice to the rights and freedoms of other data subjects in accordance with this Regulation. Furthermore, that right should not prejudice the right of the data subject to obtain the erasure of personal data and the limitations of that right as set out in this Regulation and should, in particular, not imply the erasure of personal data concerning the data subject which have been provided by him or her for the performance of a contract to the extent that and for as long as the personal data are necessary for the performance of that contract. Where technically feasible, the data subject should have the right to have the personal data transmitted directly from one controller to another.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_42"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(42)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Where personal data might lawfully be processed because processing is necessary for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller, a data subject should, nevertheless, be entitled to object to the processing of any personal data relating to his or her particular situation. It should be for the controller to demonstrate that its compelling legitimate interest overrides the interests or the fundamental rights and freedoms of the data subject.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_43"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(43)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The data subject should have the right not to be subject to a decision, which may include a measure, evaluating personal aspects relating to him or her which is based solely on automated processing and which produces legal effects concerning him or her or similarly significantly affects him or her, such as e-recruiting practices without any human intervention. Such processing includes ‘profiling’ that consists of any form of automated processing of personal data evaluating the personal aspects relating to a natural person, in particular to analyse or predict aspects concerning the data subject’s performance at work, economic situation, health, personal preferences or interests, reliability or behaviour, location or movements, where it produces legal effects concerning him or her or similarly significantly affects him or her.</p> <p class="oj-normal">However, decision-making based on such processing, including profiling, should be allowed where expressly authorised by Union law. In any case, such processing should be subject to suitable safeguards, which should include specific information to the data subject and the right to obtain human intervention, to express his or her point of view, to obtain an explanation of the decision reached after such assessment and to challenge the decision. Such measure should not concern a child. In order to ensure fair and transparent processing in respect of the data subject, taking into account the specific circumstances and context in which the personal data are processed, the controller should use appropriate mathematical or statistical procedures for the profiling, implement technical and organisational measures appropriate to ensure, in particular, that factors which result in inaccuracies in personal data are corrected and the risk of errors is minimised, secure personal data in a manner that takes account of the potential risks involved for the interests and rights of the data subject. and prevent, inter alia, discriminatory effects on natural persons on the basis of racial or ethnic origin, political opinion, religion or beliefs, trade union membership, genetic or health status or sexual orientation, or processing that results in measures having such an effect. Automated decision-making and profiling based on special categories of personal data should be allowed only under specific conditions.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_44"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(44)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Legal acts adopted on the basis of the Treaties or internal rules adopted by Union institutions and bodies in matters relating to their operation may impose restrictions concerning specific principles and the rights of information, access to and rectification or erasure of personal data, the right to data portability, confidentiality of electronic communications data as well as the communication of a personal data breach to a data subject and certain related obligations of the controllers, as far as necessary and proportionate in a democratic society to safeguard public security and for the prevention, investigation and prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties. This includes safeguarding against and the prevention of threats to public security, protection of human life especially in response to natural or manmade disasters, internal security of Union institutions and bodies, other important objectives of general public interest of the Union or of a Member State, in particular the objectives of the Common Foreign and Security Policy of the Union or an important economic or financial interest of the Union or of a Member State, and keeping of public registers for reasons of general public interest or the protection of the data subject or the rights and freedoms of others, including social protection, public health and humanitarian purposes.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_45"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(45)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The responsibility and liability of the controller for any processing of personal data carried out by the controller or on the controller’s behalf should be established. In particular, the controller should be obliged to implement appropriate and effective measures and be able to demonstrate the compliance of processing activities with this Regulation, including the effectiveness of the measures. Those measures should take into account the nature, scope, context and purposes of the processing and the risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_46"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(46)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons, of varying likelihood and severity, may result from personal data processing which could lead to physical, material or non-material damage, in particular: where the processing may give rise to discrimination, identity theft or fraud, financial loss, damage to the reputation, loss of confidentiality of personal data protected by professional secrecy, unauthorised reversal of pseudonymisation, or any other significant economic or social disadvantage; where data subjects might be deprived of their rights and freedoms or prevented from exercising control over their personal data; where personal data are processed which reveal racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, religion or philosophical beliefs, trade union membership, and the processing of genetic data, data concerning health or data concerning sex life or criminal convictions and offences or related security measures; where personal aspects are evaluated, in particular analysing or predicting aspects concerning performance at work, economic situation, health, personal preferences or interests, reliability or behaviour, location or movements, in order to create or use personal profiles; where personal data of vulnerable natural persons, in particular of children, are processed; or where processing involves a large amount of personal data and affects a large number of data subjects.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_47"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(47)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The likelihood and severity of the risk to the rights and freedoms of the data subject should be determined by reference to the nature, scope, context and purposes of the processing. Risk should be evaluated on the basis of an objective assessment, by which it is established whether data processing operations involve a risk or a high risk.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_48"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(48)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The protection of the rights and freedoms of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data require that appropriate technical and organisational measures be taken to ensure that the requirements of this Regulation are met. In order to be able to demonstrate compliance with this Regulation, the controller should adopt internal policies and implement measures which meet in particular the principles of data protection by design and data protection by default. Such measures could consist, inter alia, of minimising the processing of personal data, pseudonymising personal data as soon as possible, transparency with regard to the functions and processing of personal data, enabling the data subject to monitor the data processing, enabling the controller to create and improve security features. The principles of data protection by design and by default should also be taken into consideration in the context of public tenders.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_49"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(49)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Regulation (EU) 2016/679 provides for controllers to demonstrate compliance by adherence to approved certification mechanisms. Likewise, Union institutions and bodies should be able to demonstrate compliance with this Regulation by obtaining certification in accordance with Article 42 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_50"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(50)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The protection of the rights and freedoms of data subjects as well as the responsibility and liability of controllers and processors requires a clear allocation of the responsibilities under this Regulation, including where a controller determines the purposes and means of the processing jointly with other controllers or where a processing operation is carried out on behalf of a controller.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_51"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(51)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">To ensure compliance with the requirements of this Regulation in respect of the processing to be carried out by the processor on behalf of the controller, when entrusting a processor with processing activities, the controller should use only processors providing sufficient guarantees, in particular in terms of expert knowledge, reliability and resources, to implement technical and organisational measures which meet the requirements of this Regulation, including for the security of processing. The adherence of processors other than Union institutions and bodies to an approved code of conduct or an approved certification mechanism can be used as an element to demonstrate compliance with the obligations of the controller. The carrying-out of processing by a processor other than a Union institution or body should be governed by a contract, or, in case of Union institutions and bodies acting as processors, by a contract or other legal act under Union law, binding the processor to the controller, setting out the subject matter and duration of the processing, the nature and purposes of the processing, the type of personal data and categories of data subjects, taking into account the specific tasks and responsibilities of the processor in the context of the processing to be carried out and the risk to the rights and freedoms of the data subject. The controller and processor should be able to choose to use an individual contract or standard contractual clauses which are adopted either directly by the Commission or by the European Data Protection Supervisor and then adopted by the Commission. After the completion of the processing on behalf of the controller, the processor should, at the choice of the controller, return or delete the personal data, unless there is a requirement to store that personal data under Union or Member State law to which the processor is subject.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_52"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(52)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In order to demonstrate compliance with this Regulation, controllers should maintain records of processing activities under their responsibility and processors should maintain records of categories of processing activities under their responsibility. Union institutions and bodies should be obliged to cooperate with the European Data Protection Supervisor and make their records available to it on request, so that they might serve for monitoring those processing operations. Unless it is not appropriate taking into account the size of a Union institution or body, Union institutions and bodies should be able to establish a central register of records of their processing activities. For reasons of transparency, they should also be able to make such a register public.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_53"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(53)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In order to maintain security and to prevent processing in infringement of this Regulation, the controller or processor should evaluate the risks inherent in the processing and implement measures to mitigate those risks, such as encryption. Those measures should ensure an appropriate level of security, including confidentiality, taking into account the state of the art and the costs of implementation in relation to the risks and the nature of the personal data to be protected. In assessing data security risk, consideration should be given to the risks that are presented by personal data processing, such as accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure of, or access to, personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed which may in particular lead to physical, material or non-material damage.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_54"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(54)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Union institutions and bodies should ensure the confidentiality of electronic communications provided for by Article 7 of the Charter. In particular, Union institutions and bodies should ensure the security of their electronic communications networks. They should protect the information related to the terminal equipment of users accessing their publicly available websites and mobile applications, in accordance with the Directive 2002/58/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council <a id="ntc8-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0008" href="#ntr8-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0008" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">8</span>)</a>. They should also protect the personal data stored in directories of users.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_55"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(55)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">A personal data breach could, if not addressed in an appropriate and timely manner, result in physical, material or non-material damage to natural persons. Therefore, as soon as the controller becomes aware that a personal data breach has occurred, the controller should notify that personal data breach to the European Data Protection Supervisor without undue delay and, where feasible, not later than 72 hours after having become aware of it, unless the controller is able to demonstrate, in accordance with the accountability principle, that the personal data breach is unlikely to result in a risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons. Where such notification cannot be achieved within 72 hours, it should be accompanied by the reasons for the delay and information can be provided in phases without further undue delay. Where such delay is justified, less sensitive or less specific information on the breach should be released as early as possible, rather than fully resolving the underlying incident before notifying.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_56"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(56)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The controller should communicate to the data subject a personal data breach, without undue delay, where that personal data breach is likely to result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of the natural person in order to allow him or her to take the necessary precautions. The communication should describe the nature of the personal data breach as well as recommendations for the natural person concerned to mitigate potential adverse effects. Such communications to data subjects should be made as soon as reasonably feasible and in close cooperation with the European Data Protection Supervisor, respecting guidance provided by it or by other relevant authorities such as law-enforcement authorities.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_57"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(57)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 provides for a general obligation on a controller to notify the processing of personal data to the data protection officer. Unless it is not appropriate taking into account the size of the Union institution or body, the data protection officer is to keep a register of notified processing operations. Besides this general obligation, effective procedures and mechanisms should be put in place to monitor processing operations that are likely to result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons by virtue of their nature, scope, context and purposes. Such procedures should, in particular, also be in place where types of processing operations involve using new technologies, or are of a new kind in relation to which no data protection impact assessment has been carried out before by the controller, or where they become necessary in the light of the time that has elapsed since the initial processing. In such cases, a data protection impact assessment should be carried out by the controller prior to the processing in order to assess the particular likelihood and severity of the high risk, taking into account the nature, scope, context and purposes of the processing and the sources of the risk. That impact assessment should include, in particular, the measures, safeguards and mechanisms envisaged for mitigating that risk, ensuring the protection of personal data and demonstrating compliance with this Regulation.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_58"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(58)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Where a data protection impact assessment indicates that the processing would, in the absence of safeguards, security measures and mechanisms to mitigate the risk, result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons and the controller is of the opinion that the risk cannot be mitigated by reasonable means in terms of available technologies and costs of implementation, the European Data Protection Supervisor should be consulted prior to the start of processing activities. Such high risk is likely to result from certain types of processing and the extent and frequency of processing, which could result also in a realisation of damage or interference with the rights and freedoms of the natural person. The European Data Protection Supervisor should respond to the request for consultation within a specified period. However, the absence of a reaction of the European Data Protection Supervisor within that period should be without prejudice to any intervention of the European Data Protection Supervisor in accordance with his or her tasks and powers laid down in this Regulation, including the power to prohibit processing operations. As part of that consultation process, it should be possible to submit the outcome of a data protection impact assessment carried out with regard to the processing at issue to the European Data Protection Supervisor, in particular the measures envisaged to mitigate the risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_59"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(59)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The European Data Protection Supervisor should be informed of administrative measures and consulted on internal rules adopted by Union institutions and bodies in matters relating to their operation when they provide for the processing of personal data, lay down conditions for restricting the rights of data subjects or provide appropriate safeguards for data subject rights, in order to ensure that the intended processing complies with this Regulation, in particular as regards mitigating the risks involved for the data subject.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_60"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(60)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Regulation (EU) 2016/679 established the European Data Protection Board as an independent body of the Union with legal personality. The Board should contribute to the consistent application of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and Directive (EU) 2016/680 throughout the Union, including by advising the Commission. At the same time, the European Data Protection Supervisor should continue to exercise his or her supervisory and advisory functions in respect of all Union institutions and bodies, on his or her own initiative or upon request. In order to ensure consistency of data protection rules throughout the Union, when preparing proposals or recommendations, the Commission should endeavour to consult the European Data Protection Supervisor. A consultation by the Commission should be obligatory following the adoption of legislative acts or during the preparation of delegated acts and implementing acts as defined in Article 289, 290 and 291 TFEU and following the adoption of recommendations and proposals relating to agreements with third countries and international organisations as provided for in Article 218 TFEU which have an impact on the right to protection of personal data. In such cases, the Commission should be obliged to consult the European Data Protection Supervisor, except where the Regulation (EU) 2016/679 provides for mandatory consultation of the European Data Protection Board, for example on adequacy decisions or delegated acts on standardised icons and requirements for certification mechanisms. Where the act in question is of particular importance for the protection of rights and freedoms of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data, the Commission should be able, in addition, to consult the European Data Protection Board. In those cases, the European Data Protection Supervisor should, as a member of the European Data Protection Board, coordinate his or her work with the latter with a view to issuing a joint opinion. The European Data Protection Supervisor, and where applicable, the European Data Protection Board should provide their written advice within eight weeks. That time-frame should be shorter in urgent cases or where otherwise appropriate, for example when the Commission is preparing delegated and implementing acts.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_61"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(61)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In accordance with Article 75 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, the European Data Protection Supervisor should provide the secretariat of the European Data Protection Board.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_62"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(62)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In all Union institutions and bodies a data protection officer should ensure that the provisions of this Regulation are applied and should advise controllers and processors on fulfilling their obligations. That officer should be a person with expert knowledge of data protection law and practices, which should be determined in particular according to the data processing operations carried out by the controller or the processor and the protection required for the personal data involved. Such data protection officers should be in a position to perform their duties and tasks in an independent manner.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_63"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(63)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">When personal data are transferred from the Union institutions and bodies to controllers, processors or other recipients in third countries or to international organisations, the level of protection of natural persons ensured in the Union by this Regulation should be guaranteed. The same guarantees should apply in cases of onward transfers of personal data from the third country or international organisation to controllers, processors in the same or another third country or international organisation. In any event, transfers to third countries and international organisations may only be carried out in full compliance with this Regulation and respecting the fundamental rights and freedoms enshrined in the Charter. A transfer could take place only if, subject to the other provisions of this Regulation, the conditions laid down in the provisions of this Regulation relating to the transfer of personal data to third countries or international organisations are complied with by the controller or processor.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_64"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(64)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The Commission can decide, under Article 45 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 or under Article 36 of Directive (EU) 2016/680, that a third country, a territory or specified sector within a third country or an international organisation offers an adequate level of data protection. In such cases, transfers of personal data to that third country or international organisation by a Union institution or body can take place without the need to obtain any further authorisation.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_65"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(65)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In the absence of an adequacy decision, the controller or processor should take measures to compensate for the lack of data protection in a third country by way of appropriate safeguards for the data subject. Such appropriate safeguards can consist of making use of standard data protection clauses adopted by the Commission, standard data protection clauses adopted by the European Data Protection Supervisor or contractual clauses authorised by the European Data Protection Supervisor. Where the processor is not a Union institution or body those appropriate safeguards can also consist of binding corporate rules, codes of conduct and certification mechanisms used for international transfers under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Those safeguards should ensure compliance with data protection requirements and the rights of the data subjects appropriate to processing within the Union, including the availability of enforceable data subject rights and of effective legal remedies, including to obtain effective administrative or judicial redress and to claim compensation, in the Union or in a third country. They should relate in particular to compliance with the general principles relating to personal data processing, the principles of data protection by design and by default. Transfers may also be carried out by Union institutions and bodies to public authorities or bodies in third countries or to international organisations with corresponding duties or functions, including on the basis of provisions to be inserted into administrative arrangements, such as a memorandum of understanding, providing for enforceable and effective rights for data subjects. Authorisation by the European Data Protection Supervisor should be obtained when the safeguards are provided for in administrative arrangements that are not legally binding.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_66"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(66)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The possibility for the controller or processor to use standard data-protection clauses adopted by the Commission or by the European Data Protection Supervisor should prevent controllers or processors neither from including the standard data-protection clauses in a wider contract, such as a contract between the processor and another processor, nor from adding other clauses or additional safeguards provided that they do not contradict, directly or indirectly, the standard contractual clauses adopted by the Commission or by the European Data Protection Supervisor or prejudice the fundamental rights or freedoms of the data subjects. Controllers and processors should be encouraged to provide additional safeguards via contractual commitments that supplement standard data-protection clauses.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_67"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(67)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Some third countries adopt laws, regulations and other legal acts which purport to directly regulate the processing activities of Union institutions and bodies. This may include judgments of courts or tribunals or decisions of administrative authorities in third countries requiring a controller or processor to transfer or disclose personal data, and which are not based on an international agreement in force between the requesting third country and the Union. The extraterritorial application of those laws, regulations and other legal acts may be in breach of international law and may impede the attainment of the protection of natural persons ensured in the Union by this Regulation. Transfers should only be allowed where the conditions of this Regulation for a transfer to third countries are met. This may be the case, inter alia, where disclosure is necessary for an important ground of public interest recognised in Union law.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_68"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(68)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Provision should be made in specific situations for the possibility for transfers in certain circumstances where the data subject has given his or her explicit consent, where the transfer is occasional and necessary in relation to a contract or a legal claim, regardless of whether in a judicial procedure or whether in an administrative or any out-of-court procedure, including procedures before regulatory bodies. Provision should also be made for the possibility for transfers where important grounds of public interest laid down by Union law so require or where the transfer is made from a register established by law and intended for consultation by the public or persons having a legitimate interest. In the latter case, such a transfer should not involve the entirety of the personal data or entire categories of the data contained in the register, unless authorised by Union law, and, when the register is intended for consultation by persons having a legitimate interest, the transfer should be made only at the request of those persons or, if they are to be the recipients, taking into full account the interests and fundamental rights of the data subject.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_69"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(69)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Those derogations should in particular apply to data transfers required and necessary for important reasons of public interest, for example in cases of international data exchange between Union institutions and bodies and competition authorities, tax or customs administrations, financial supervisory authorities and services competent for social security matters or for public health, for example in the case of contact tracing for contagious diseases or in order to reduce and/or eliminate doping in sport. A transfer of personal data should also be regarded as lawful where it is necessary to protect an interest which is essential for the data subject’s or another person’s vital interests, including physical integrity or life, if the data subject is incapable of giving consent. In the absence of an adequacy decision, Union law may, for important reasons of public interest, expressly set limits to the transfer of specific categories of data to a third country or an international organisation. Any transfer to an international humanitarian organisation of personal data of a data subject who is physically or legally incapable of giving consent, with a view to accomplishing a task incumbent under the Geneva Conventions or to complying with international humanitarian law applicable in armed conflicts, could be considered to be necessary for an important reason of public interest or because it is in the vital interest of the data subject.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_70"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(70)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In any case, where the Commission has taken no decision on the adequate level of data protection in a third country, the controller or processor should make use of solutions that provide data subjects with enforceable and effective rights as regards the processing of their data in the Union once those data have been transferred so that that they will continue to benefit from fundamental rights and safeguards.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_71"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(71)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">When personal data moves across borders outside the Union it may put at increased risk the ability of natural persons to exercise data protection rights, in particular to protect themselves from the unlawful use or disclosure of that information. At the same time, national supervisory authorities and the European Data Protection Supervisor can be unable to pursue complaints or conduct investigations relating to the activities outside their jurisdiction. Their efforts to work together in the cross-border context can also be hampered by insufficient preventive or remedial powers, inconsistent legal regimes, and practical obstacles like resource constraints. Therefore, closer cooperation between the European Data Protection Supervisor and national supervisory authorities should be promoted to help the exchange of information with their international counterparts.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_72"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(72)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The establishment in Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Data Protection Supervisor, who is empowered to perform his or her tasks and exercise his or her powers with complete independence, is an essential component of the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of their personal data. This Regulation should further strengthen and clarify his or her role and independence. The European Data Protection Supervisor should be a person whose independence is beyond doubt and who is acknowledged as having the experience and skills required to perform the duties of European Data Protection Supervisor, for example because he or she has belonged to one of the supervisory authorities established under Article 51 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_73"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(73)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In order to ensure consistent monitoring and enforcement of data protection rules throughout the Union, the European Data Protection Supervisor should have the same tasks and effective powers as the national supervisory authorities, including powers of investigation, corrective powers and sanctions, and authorisation and advisory powers, in particular in cases of complaints from natural persons, powers to bring infringements of this Regulation to the attention of the Court of Justice and powers to engage in legal proceedings in accordance with the primary law. Such powers should also include the power to impose a temporary or definitive limitation, including a ban, on processing. In order to avoid superfluous costs and excessive inconveniencies for the persons concerned who might be adversely affected, each measure of the European Data Protection Supervisor should be appropriate, necessary and proportionate in view of ensuring compliance with this Regulation, should take into account the circumstances of each individual case and respect the right of every person to be heard before any individual measure concerned is taken. Each legally binding measure of the European Data Protection Supervisor should be in writing, be clear and unambiguous, indicate the date of issue of the measure, bear the signature of the European Data Protection Supervisor, give the reasons for the measure, and refer to the right to an effective remedy.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_74"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(74)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The supervisory competence of the European Data Protection Supervisor should not cover the processing of personal data by the Court of Justice when acting in its judicial capacity, in order to safeguard the independence of the Court in the performance of its judicial tasks, including decision-making. For such processing operations, the Court should establish independent supervision, in accordance with Article 8(3) of the Charter, for example through an internal mechanism.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_75"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(75)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The decisions of the European Data Protection Supervisor regarding exemptions, guarantees, authorisations and conditions relating to data processing operations, as defined in this Regulation, should be published in the activities report. Independently of the publication of an annual activities report, the European Data Protection Supervisor can publish reports on specific subjects.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_76"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(76)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The European Data Protection Supervisor should comply with Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council <a id="ntc9-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0009" href="#ntr9-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0009" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">9</span>)</a>.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_77"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(77)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The national supervisory authorities monitor the application of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and contribute to its consistent application throughout the Union, in order to protect natural persons in relation to the processing of their personal data and to facilitate the free flow of personal data within the internal market. In order to increase consistency in the application of data protection rules applicable in Member States and of data protection rules applicable to Union institutions and bodies, the European Data Protection Supervisor should cooperate effectively with the national supervisory authorities.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_78"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(78)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In certain instances, Union law provides for a model of coordinated supervision, shared between the European Data Protection Supervisor and the national supervisory authorities. The European Data Protection Supervisor is also the supervisory authority of Europol and for these purposes, a specific model of cooperation with the national supervisory authorities has been established through a cooperation board with an advisory function. In order to improve the effective supervision and enforcement of substantive data protection rules, a single, coherent model of coordinated supervision should be introduced in the Union. The Commission should therefore make legislative proposals where appropriate with a view to amending Union legal acts providing for a model of coordinated supervision, in order to align them with the coordinated supervision model of this Regulation. The European Data Protection Board should serve as a single forum for ensuring effective coordinated supervision in all areas.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_79"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(79)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Every data subject should have the right to lodge a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor, and the right to an effective judicial remedy before the Court of Justice in accordance with the Treaties, if the data subject considers that his or her rights under this Regulation are infringed or where the European Data Protection Supervisor does not act on a complaint, partially or wholly rejects or dismisses a complaint or does not act where such action is necessary to protect the rights of the data subject. The investigation following a complaint should be carried out, subject to judicial review, to the extent that is appropriate in the specific case. The European Data Protection Supervisor should inform the data subject of the progress and the outcome of the complaint within a reasonable period. If the case requires further coordination with a national supervisory authority, intermediate information should be given to the data subject. In order to facilitate the submission of complaints, the European Data Protection Supervisor should take measures such as providing a complaint submission form which can also be completed electronically, without excluding other means of communication.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_80"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(80)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Any person who has suffered material or non-material damage as a result of an infringement of this Regulation should have the right to receive compensation from the controller or processor for the damage suffered, subject to the conditions provided for in the Treaties.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_81"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(81)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In order to strengthen the supervisory role of the European Data Protection Supervisor and the effective enforcement of this Regulation, the European Data Protection Supervisor should, as a sanction of last resort, have the power to impose administrative fines. The fines should aim at sanctioning the Union institution or body — rather than individuals — for non-compliance with this Regulation, to deter future violations of this Regulation and to foster a culture of personal data protection within the Union institutions and bodies. This Regulation should indicate the infringements subject to administrative fines and the upper limits and criteria for setting the associated fines. The European Data Protection Supervisor should determine the amount of the fine in each individual case, by taking into account all relevant circumstances of the specific situation, with due regard to the nature, gravity and duration of the infringement, its consequences and the measures taken to ensure compliance with the obligations under this Regulation and to prevent or mitigate the consequences of the infringement. When imposing an administrative fine on a Union institution or body, the European Data Protection Supervisor should consider the proportionality of amount of the fine. The administrative procedure for the imposition of fines on Union institutions and bodies should respect the general principles of Union law as interpreted by the Court of Justice.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_82"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(82)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Where a data subject considers that his or her rights under this Regulation are infringed, he or she should have the right to mandate a not-for-profit body, organisation or association which is constituted in accordance with Union law or the law of a Member State, has statutory objectives which are in the public interest and is active in the field of the protection of personal data to lodge a complaint on his or her behalf with the European Data Protection Supervisor. Such a body, organisation or association should also be able to exercise the right to a judicial remedy on behalf of data subjects or exercise the right to receive compensation on behalf of data subjects.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_83"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(83)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">An official or other servant of the Union who fails to comply with the obligations in this Regulation should be liable to disciplinary or other action, in accordance with the rules and procedures laid down in the Staff Regulations of Officials of the European Union and the Conditions of Employment of Other Servants of the Union, laid down in Council Regulation (EEC, Euratom, ECSC) No 259/68 <a id="ntc10-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0010" href="#ntr10-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0010" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">10</span>)</a> (‘Staff Regulations’).</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_84"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(84)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of this Regulation, implementing powers should be conferred on the Commission. Those powers should be exercised in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and the Council <a id="ntc11-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0011" href="#ntr11-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0011" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">11</span>)</a>. The examination procedure should be used for the adoption of standard contractual clauses between controllers and processors and between processors, for the adoption of a list of processing operations requiring prior consultation of the European Data Protection Supervisor by controllers processing personal data for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest, and for the adoption of standard contractual clauses providing appropriate safeguards for international transfers.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_85"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(85)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The confidential information which the Union and national statistical authorities collect for the production of official European and official national statistics should be protected. European statistics should be developed, produced and disseminated in accordance with the statistical principles set out in Article 338(2) TFEU. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council <a id="ntc12-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0012" href="#ntr12-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0012" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">12</span>)</a> provides further specifications on statistical confidentiality for European statistics.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_86"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(86)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 and Decision No 1247/2002/EC of the European Parliament, of the Council and of the Commission <a id="ntc13-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0013" href="#ntr13-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0013" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">13</span>)</a> should be repealed. The references to the repealed Regulation and Decision should be construed as references to this Regulation.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_87"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(87)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In order to safeguard the full independence of the members of the independent supervisory authority, the terms of office of the current European Data Protection Supervisor and the current Assistant Supervisor should not be affected by this Regulation. The current Assistant Supervisor should remain in place until the end of his term of office, unless one of the conditions for the premature end of term of the European Data Protection Supervisor laid down in this Regulation is met. The relevant provisions of this Regulation should apply to the Assistant Supervisor until the end of his term of office.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_88"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(88)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">In accordance with the principle of proportionality, it is necessary and appropriate for the achievement of the basic objective of ensuring an equivalent level of protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and the free flow of personal data throughout the Union to lay down rules on processing of personal data in Union institutions and bodies. This Regulation does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve the objectives pursued in accordance with Article 5(4) of the TEU.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="rct_89"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(89)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">The European Data Protection Supervisor was consulted in accordance with Article 28(2) of Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 and delivered an opinion on 15 March 2017 <a id="ntc14-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0014" href="#ntr14-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0014" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">14</span>)</a>,</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p class="oj-normal">HAVE ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="enc_1"> <div id="cpt_I"> <p id="d1e787-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1">CHAPTER I</p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_I.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-001" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold">GENERAL PROVISIONS</span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_1"> <p id="d1e795-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 1</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_1.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Subject matter and objectives</p> </div> <div id="001.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. This Regulation lays down rules relating to the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions and bodies and rules relating to the free movement of personal data between them or to other recipients established in the Union.</p> </div> <div id="001.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. This Regulation protects fundamental rights and freedoms of natural persons and in particular their right to the protection of personal data.</p> </div> <div id="001.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall monitor the application of the provisions of this Regulation to all processing operations carried out by a Union institution or body.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_2"> <p id="d1e816-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 2</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_2.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Scope</p> </div> <div id="002.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. This Regulation applies to the processing of personal data by all Union institutions and bodies.</p> </div> <div id="002.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Only Article 3 and Chapter IX of this Regulation shall apply to the processing of operational personal data by Union bodies, offices and agencies when carrying out activities which fall within the scope of Chapter 4 or Chapter 5 of Title V of Part Three TFEU.</p> </div> <div id="002.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. This Regulation shall not apply to the processing of operational personal data by Europol and the European Public Prosecutor’s Office, until Regulation (EU) 2016/794 of the European Parliament and of the Council <a id="ntc15-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0015" href="#ntr15-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0015" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">15</span>)</a> and Council Regulation (EU) 2017/1939 <a id="ntc16-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0016" href="#ntr16-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0016" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">16</span>)</a> are adapted in accordance with Article 98 of this Regulation.</p> </div> <div id="002.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. This Regulation shall not apply to the processing of personal data by missions referred to in Articles 42(1), 43 and 44 TEU.</p> </div> <div id="002.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. This Regulation applies to the processing of personal data wholly or partly by automated means and to the processing other than by automated means of personal data which form part of a filing system or are intended to form part of a filing system.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_3"> <p id="d1e871-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 3</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_3.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Definitions</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(1)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘personal data’ means any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person (‘data subject’); an identifiable natural person is one who can be identified, directly or indirectly, in particular by reference to an identifier such as a name, an identification number, location data, an online identifier or to one or more factors specific to the physical, physiological, genetic, mental, economic, cultural or social identity of that natural person;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(2)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘operational personal data’ means all personal data processed by Union bodies, offices or agencies when carrying out activities which fall within the scope of Chapter 4 or Chapter 5 of Title V of Part Three TFEU to meet the objectives and tasks laid down in the legal acts establishing those bodies, offices or agencies;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(3)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘processing’ means any operation or set of operations which is performed on personal data or on sets of personal data, whether or not by automated means, such as collection, recording, organisation, structuring, storage, adaptation or alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure by transmission, dissemination or otherwise making available, alignment or combination, restriction, erasure or destruction;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(4)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘restriction of processing’ means the marking of stored personal data with the aim of limiting their processing in the future;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(5)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘profiling’ means any form of automated processing of personal data consisting of the use of personal data to evaluate certain personal aspects relating to a natural person, in particular to analyse or predict aspects concerning that natural person’s performance at work, economic situation, health, personal preferences, interests, reliability, behaviour, location or movements;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(6)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘pseudonymisation’ means the processing of personal data in such a manner that the personal data can no longer be attributed to a specific data subject without the use of additional information, provided that such additional information is kept separately and is subject to technical and organisational measures to ensure that the personal data are not attributed to an identified or identifiable natural person;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(7)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘filing system’ means any structured set of personal data which are accessible according to specific criteria, whether centralised, decentralised or dispersed on a functional or geographical basis;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(8)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘controller’ means the Union institution or body or the directorate-general or any other organisational entity which, alone or jointly with others, determines the purposes and means of the processing of personal data; where the purposes and means of such processing are determined by a specific Union act, the controller or the specific criteria for its nomination can be provided for by Union law;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(9)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘controllers other than Union institutions and bodies’ means controllers within the meaning of point (7) of Article 4 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 and controllers within the meaning of point (8) of Article 3 of Directive (EU) 2016/680;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(10)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘Union institutions and bodies’ means the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies set up by, or on the basis of, the TEU, the TFEU or the Euratom Treaty;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(11)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘competent authority’ means any public authority in a Member State competent for the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties, including the safeguarding against and the prevention of threats to public security;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(12)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘processor’ means a natural or legal person, public authority, agency or other body which processes personal data on behalf of the controller;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(13)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘recipient’ means a natural or legal person, public authority, agency or another body, to which the personal data are disclosed, whether a third party or not. However, public authorities which may receive personal data in the framework of a particular inquiry in accordance with Union or Member State law shall not be regarded as recipients; the processing of those data by those public authorities shall be in compliance with the applicable data protection rules according to the purposes of the processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(14)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘third party’ means a natural or legal person, public authority, agency or body other than the data subject, controller, processor and persons who, under the direct authority of the controller or processor, are authorised to process personal data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(15)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘consent’ of the data subject means any freely given, specific, informed and unambiguous indication of the data subject’s wishes by which he or she, by a statement or by a clear affirmative action, signifies agreement to the processing of personal data relating to him or her;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(16)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘personal data breach’ means a breach of security leading to the accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure of, or access to, personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(17)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘genetic data’ means personal data relating to the inherited or acquired genetic characteristics of a natural person which give unique information about the physiology or the health of that natural person and which result, in particular, from an analysis of a biological sample from the natural person in question;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(18)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘biometric data’ means personal data resulting from specific technical processing relating to the physical, physiological or behavioural characteristics of a natural person, which allow or confirm the unique identification of that natural person, such as facial images or dactyloscopic data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(19)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘data concerning health’ means personal data related to the physical or mental health of a natural person, including the provision of healthcare services, which reveal information about his or her health status;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(20)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘information society service’ means a service as defined in point (b) of Article 1(1) of Directive (EU) 2015/1535 of the European Parliament and of the Council <a id="ntc17-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0017" href="#ntr17-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0017" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">17</span>)</a>;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(21)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘international organisation’ means an organisation and its subordinate bodies governed by public international law, or any other body which is set up by, or on the basis of, an agreement between two or more countries;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(22)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘national supervisory authority’ means an independent public authority which is established by a Member State pursuant to Article 51 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 or pursuant to Article 41 of Directive (EU) 2016/680;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(23)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘user’ means any natural person using a network or terminal equipment operated under the control of a Union institution or body;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(24)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘directory’ means a publicly available directory of users or an internal directory of users available within a Union institution or body or shared between Union institutions and bodies, whether in printed or electronic form;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(25)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘electronic communications network’ means a transmission system, whether or not based on a permanent infrastructure or centralised administration capacity, and, where applicable, switching or routing equipment and other resources, including network elements which are not active, which permit the conveyance of signals by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic means, including satellite networks, fixed (circuit- and packet-switched including internet) and mobile terrestrial networks, electricity cable systems, to the extent that they are used for the purpose of transmitting signals, networks used for radio and television broadcasting, and cable television networks, irrespective of the type of information conveyed;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(26)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">‘terminal equipment’ means terminal equipment as defined in point (1) of Article 1 of Commission Directive 2008/63/EC <a id="ntc18-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0018" href="#ntr18-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0018" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">18</span>)</a>.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_II"> <p id="d1e1142-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1">CHAPTER II</p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_II.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-002" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold">GENERAL PRINCIPLES</span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_4"> <p id="d1e1150-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 4</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_4.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Principles relating to processing of personal data</p> </div> <div id="004.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Personal data shall be:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">processed lawfully, fairly and in a transparent manner in relation to the data subject (‘lawfulness, fairness and transparency’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">collected for specified, explicit and legitimate purposes and not further processed in a manner that is incompatible with those purposes; further processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes shall, in accordance with Article 13, not be considered to be incompatible with the initial purposes (‘purpose limitation’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">adequate, relevant and limited to what is necessary in relation to the purposes for which they are processed (‘data minimisation’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">accurate and, where necessary, kept up to date; every reasonable step must be taken to ensure that personal data that are inaccurate, having regard to the purposes for which they are processed, are erased or rectified without delay (‘accuracy’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">kept in a form which permits identification of data subjects for no longer than is necessary for the purposes for which the personal data are processed; personal data may be stored for longer periods insofar as the personal data will be processed solely for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes in accordance with Article 13 subject to implementation of the appropriate technical and organisational measures required by this Regulation in order to safeguard the rights and freedoms of the data subject (‘storage limitation’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">processed in a manner that ensures appropriate security of the personal data, including protection against unauthorised or unlawful processing and against accidental loss, destruction or damage, using appropriate technical or organisational measures (‘integrity and confidentiality’).</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="004.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The controller shall be responsible for, and be able to demonstrate compliance with, paragraph 1 (‘accountability’).</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_5"> <p id="d1e1232-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 5</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_5.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Lawfulness of processing</p> </div> <div id="005.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Processing shall be lawful only if and to the extent that at least one of the following applies:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">processing is necessary for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the Union institution or body;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">processing is necessary for compliance with a legal obligation to which the controller is subject;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">processing is necessary for the performance of a contract to which the data subject is party or in order to take steps at the request of the data subject prior to entering into a contract;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the data subject has given consent to the processing of his or her personal data for one or more specific purposes;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">processing is necessary in order to protect the vital interests of the data subject or of another natural person.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="005.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The basis for the processing referred to in points (a) and (b) of paragraph 1 shall be laid down in Union law.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_6"> <p id="d1e1280-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 6</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_6.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Processing for another compatible purpose</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Where the processing for a purpose other than that for which the personal data have been collected is not based on the data subject’s consent or on Union law which constitutes a necessary and proportionate measure in a democratic society to safeguard the objectives referred to in Article 25(1), the controller shall, in order to ascertain whether processing for another purpose is compatible with the purpose for which the personal data are initially collected, take into account, inter alia:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">any link between the purposes for which the personal data have been collected and the purposes of the intended further processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the context in which the personal data have been collected, in particular regarding the relationship between data subjects and the controller;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the nature of the personal data, in particular whether special categories of personal data are processed, pursuant to Article 10, or whether personal data related to criminal convictions and offences are processed, pursuant to Article 11;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the possible consequences of the intended further processing for data subjects;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the existence of appropriate safeguards, which may include encryption or pseudonymisation.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_7"> <p id="d1e1320-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 7</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_7.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Conditions for consent</p> </div> <div id="007.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Where processing is based on consent, the controller shall be able to demonstrate that the data subject has consented to processing of his or her personal data.</p> </div> <div id="007.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. If the data subject’s consent is given in the context of a written declaration which also concerns other matters, the request for consent shall be presented in a manner which is clearly distinguishable from the other matters, in an intelligible and easily accessible form, using clear and plain language. Any part of such a declaration which constitutes an infringement of this Regulation shall not be binding.</p> </div> <div id="007.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The data subject shall have the right to withdraw his or her consent at any time. The withdrawal of consent shall not affect the lawfulness of processing based on consent before its withdrawal. Prior to giving consent, the data subject shall be informed thereof. It shall be as easy to withdraw as to give consent.</p> </div> <div id="007.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. When assessing whether consent is freely given, utmost account shall be taken of whether, inter alia, the performance of a contract, including the provision of a service, is conditional on consent to the processing of personal data that is not necessary for the performance of that contract.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_8"> <p id="d1e1346-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 8</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_8.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Conditions applicable to a child’s consent in relation to information society services</p> </div> <div id="008.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Where point (d) of Article 5(1) applies, in relation to the offer of information society services directly to a child, the processing of the personal data of a child shall be lawful where the child is at least 13 years old. Where the child is below the age of 13 years, such processing shall be lawful only if and to the extent that consent is given or authorised by the holder of parental responsibility over the child.</p> </div> <div id="008.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The controller shall make reasonable efforts to verify in such cases that consent is given or authorised by the holder of parental responsibility over the child, taking into consideration available technology.</p> </div> <div id="008.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Paragraph 1 shall not affect the general contract law of Member States such as the rules on the validity, formation or effect of a contract in relation to a child.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_9"> <p id="d1e1367-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 9</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_9.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Transmissions of personal data to recipients established in the Union other than Union institutions and bodies</p> </div> <div id="009.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Without prejudice to Articles 4 to 6 and 10, personal data shall only be transmitted to recipients established in the Union other than Union institutions and bodies if:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the recipient establishes that the data are necessary for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the recipient; or</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the recipient establishes that it is necessary to have the data transmitted for a specific purpose in the public interest and the controller, where there is any reason to assume that the data subject’s legitimate interests might be prejudiced, establishes that it is proportionate to transmit the personal data for that specific purpose after having demonstrably weighed the various competing interests.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="009.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Where the controller initiates the transmission under this Article, it shall demonstrate that the transmission of personal data is necessary for and proportionate to the purposes of the transmission by applying the criteria laid down in points (a) or (b) of paragraph 1.</p> </div> <div id="009.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Union institutions and bodies shall reconcile the right to the protection of personal data with the right of access to documents in accordance with Union law.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_10"> <p id="d1e1402-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 10</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_10.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Processing of special categories of personal data</p> </div> <div id="010.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Processing of personal data revealing racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, religious or philosophical beliefs, or trade union membership, and the processing of genetic data, biometric data for the purpose of uniquely identifying a natural person, data concerning health or data concerning a natural person’s sex life or sexual orientation shall be prohibited.</p> </div> <div id="010.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply if one of the following applies:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the data subject has given explicit consent to the processing of those personal data for one or more specified purposes, except where Union law provides that the prohibition referred to in paragraph 1 may not be lifted by the data subject;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the processing is necessary for the purposes of carrying out the obligations and exercising specific rights of the controller or of the data subject in the field of employment and social security and social protection law insofar as it is authorised by Union law providing for appropriate safeguards for the fundamental rights and the interests of the data subject;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the processing is necessary to protect the vital interests of the data subject or of another person where the data subject is physically or legally incapable of giving consent;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the processing is carried out in the course of its legitimate activities with appropriate safeguards by a non-profit-seeking body which constitutes an entity integrated in a Union institution or body and with a political, philosophical, religious or trade union aim and on condition that the processing relates solely to the members or to former members of this body or to persons who have regular contact with it in connection with its purposes and that the data are not disclosed outside that body without the consent of the data subjects;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the processing relates to personal data which are manifestly made public by the data subject;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the processing is necessary for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims or whenever the Court of Justice is acting in its judicial capacity;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the processing is necessary for reasons of substantial public interest, on the basis of Union law which shall be proportionate to the aim pursued, respect the essence of the right to data protection and provide for suitable and specific measures to safeguard the fundamental rights and the interests of the data subject;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(h)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the processing is necessary for the purposes of preventive or occupational medicine, for the assessment of the working capacity of the employee, medical diagnosis, the provision of health or social care or treatment or the management of health or social care systems and services on the basis of Union law or pursuant to contract with a health professional and subject to the conditions and safeguards referred to in paragraph 3;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(i)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the processing is necessary for reasons of public interest in the area of public health, such as protecting against serious cross-border threats to health or ensuring high standards of quality and safety of healthcare and of medicinal products or medical devices, on the basis of Union law which provides for suitable and specific measures to safeguard the rights and freedoms of the data subject, in particular professional secrecy; or</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(j)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the processing is necessary for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes based on Union law which shall be proportionate to the aim pursued, respect the essence of the right to data protection and provide for suitable and specific measures to safeguard the fundamental rights and the interests of the data subject.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="010.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Personal data referred to in paragraph 1 may be processed for the purposes referred to in point (h) of paragraph 2 when those data are processed by, or under the responsibility of, a professional subject to the obligation of professional secrecy under Union or Member State law or rules established by national competent bodies, or by another person also subject to an obligation of secrecy under Union or Member State law or rules established by national competent bodies.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_11"> <p id="d1e1485-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 11</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_11.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Processing of personal data relating to criminal convictions and offences</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Processing of personal data relating to criminal convictions and offences or related security measures based on Article 5(1) shall be carried out only under control of official authority or when the processing is authorised by Union law providing for appropriate safeguards for the rights and freedoms of data subjects.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_12"> <p id="d1e1493-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 12</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_12.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Processing which does not require identification</p> </div> <div id="012.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. If the purposes for which a controller processes personal data do not or do no longer require the identification of a data subject by the controller, the controller shall not be obliged to maintain, acquire or process additional information in order to identify the data subject for the sole purpose of complying with this Regulation.</p> </div> <div id="012.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Where, in cases referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article, the controller is able to demonstrate that it is not in a position to identify the data subject, the controller shall inform the data subject accordingly, if possible. In such cases, Articles 17 to 22 shall not apply except where the data subject, for the purpose of exercising his or her rights under those articles, provides additional information enabling his or her identification.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_13"> <p id="d1e1509-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 13</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_13.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Safeguards relating to processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes, shall be subject to appropriate safeguards, in accordance with this Regulation, for the rights and freedoms of the data subject. Those safeguards shall ensure that technical and organisational measures are in place in particular in order to ensure respect for the principle of data minimisation. Those measures may include pseudonymisation provided that those purposes can be fulfilled in that manner. Where those purposes can be fulfilled by further processing which does not permit or no longer permits the identification of data subjects, those purposes shall be fulfilled in that manner.</p> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_III"> <p id="d1e1518-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1">CHAPTER III</p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_III.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-003" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold">RIGHTS OF THE DATA SUBJECT</span> </p> </div> <div id="cpt_III.sct_1"> <p id="d1e1527-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1"> <span class="oj-italic">SECTION 1</span> </p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_III.sct_1.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-004" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold"> <span class="oj-italic">Transparency and modalities</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_14"> <p id="d1e1537-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 14</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_14.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Transparent information, communication and modalities for the exercise of the rights of the data subject</p> </div> <div id="014.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The controller shall take appropriate measures to provide any information referred to in Articles 15 and 16 and any communication under Articles 17 to 24 and 35 relating to processing to the data subject in a concise, transparent, intelligible and easily accessible form, using clear and plain language, in particular for any information addressed specifically to a child. The information shall be provided in writing, or by other means, including, where appropriate, by electronic means. When requested by the data subject, the information may be provided orally, provided that the identity of the data subject is proven by other means.</p> </div> <div id="014.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The controller shall facilitate the exercise of data subject rights under Articles 17 to 24. In the cases referred to in Article 12(2), the controller shall not refuse to act on the request of the data subject for exercising his or her rights under Articles 17 to 24, unless the controller demonstrates that it is not in a position to identify the data subject.</p> </div> <div id="014.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The controller shall provide information on action taken on a request under Articles 17 to 24 to the data subject without undue delay and in any event within one month of receipt of the request. That period may be extended by two further months where necessary, taking into account the complexity and number of the requests. The controller shall inform the data subject of any such extension within one month of receipt of the request, together with the reasons for the delay. Where the data subject makes the request by electronic form means, the information shall be provided by electronic means where possible, unless otherwise requested by the data subject.</p> </div> <div id="014.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. If the controller does not take action on the request of the data subject, the controller shall inform the data subject without delay and at the latest within one month of receipt of the request of the reasons for not taking action and on the possibility of lodging a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor and seeking a judicial remedy.</p> </div> <div id="014.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. Information provided under Articles 15 and 16 and any communication and any actions taken under Articles 17 to 24 and 35 shall be provided free of charge. Where requests from a data subject are manifestly unfounded or excessive, in particular because of their repetitive character, the controller may refuse to act on the request. The controller shall bear the burden of demonstrating the manifestly unfounded or excessive character of the request.</p> </div> <div id="014.006"> <p class="oj-normal">6. Without prejudice to Article 12, where the controller has reasonable doubts concerning the identity of the natural person making the request referred to in Articles 17 to 23, the controller may request the provision of additional information necessary to confirm the identity of the data subject.</p> </div> <div id="014.007"> <p class="oj-normal">7. The information to be provided to data subjects pursuant to Articles 15 and 16 may be provided in combination with standardised icons in order to give in an easily visible, intelligible and clearly legible manner a meaningful overview of the intended processing. Where the icons are presented electronically they shall be machine-readable.</p> </div> <div id="014.008"> <p class="oj-normal">8. Where the Commission adopts delegated acts pursuant to Article 12(8) of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 determining the information to be presented by the icons and the procedures for providing standardised icons, Union institutions and bodies shall, where appropriate, provide the information pursuant to Articles 15 and 16 of this Regulation in combination with such standardised icons.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_III.sct_2"> <p id="d1e1584-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1"> <span class="oj-italic">SECTION 2</span> </p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_III.sct_2.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-005" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold"> <span class="oj-italic">Information and access to personal data</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_15"> <p id="d1e1594-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 15</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_15.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Information to be provided where personal data are collected from the data subject</p> </div> <div id="015.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Where personal data relating to a data subject are collected from the data subject, the controller shall, at the time when personal data are obtained, provide the data subject with all of the following information:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the identity and the contact details of the controller;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the contact details of the data protection officer;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the purposes of the processing for which the personal data are intended as well as the legal basis for the processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the recipients or categories of recipients of the personal data, if any;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where applicable, the fact that the controller intends to transfer personal data to a third country or international organisation and the existence or absence of an adequacy decision by the Commission, or in the case of transfers referred to in Article 48, reference to the appropriate or suitable safeguards and the means by which to obtain a copy of them or where they have been made available.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="015.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. In addition to the information referred to in paragraph 1, the controller shall, at the time when personal data are obtained, provide the data subject with the following further information necessary to ensure fair and transparent processing:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the period for which the personal data will be stored, or if that is not possible, the criteria used to determine that period;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the existence of the right to request from the controller access to and rectification or erasure of personal data or restriction of processing concerning the data subject or, where applicable, the right to object to processing or the right to data portability;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where the processing is based on point (d) of Article 5(1) or point (a) of Article 10(2), the existence of the right to withdraw consent at any time, without affecting the lawfulness of processing based on consent before its withdrawal;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the right to lodge a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">whether the provision of personal data is a statutory or contractual requirement, or a requirement necessary to enter into a contract, as well as whether the data subject is obliged to provide the personal data and of the possible consequences of failure to provide such data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the existence of automated decision-making, including profiling, referred to in Article 24(1) and (4) and, at least in those cases, meaningful information about the logic involved, as well as the significance and the envisaged consequences of such processing for the data subject.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="015.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Where the controller intends to further process the personal data for a purpose other than that for which the personal data were collected, the controller shall provide the data subject prior to that further processing with information on that other purpose and with any relevant further information as referred to in paragraph 2.</p> </div> <div id="015.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 shall not apply where and insofar as the data subject already has the information.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_16"> <p id="d1e1690-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 16</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_16.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Information to be provided where personal data have not been obtained from the data subject</p> </div> <div id="016.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Where personal data have not been obtained from the data subject, the controller shall provide the data subject with the following information:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the identity and the contact details of the controller;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the contact details of the data protection officer;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the purposes of the processing for which the personal data are intended as well as the legal basis for the processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the categories of personal data concerned;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the recipients or categories of recipients of the personal data, if any;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where applicable, that the controller intends to transfer personal data to a recipient in a third country or international organisation and the existence or absence of an adequacy decision by the Commission, or in the case of transfers referred to in Article 48, reference to the appropriate or suitable safeguards and the means to obtain a copy of them or where they have been made available.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="016.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. In addition to the information referred to in paragraph 1, the controller shall provide the data subject with the following further information necessary to ensure fair and transparent processing in respect of the data subject:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the period for which the personal data will be stored, or if that is not possible, the criteria used to determine that period;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the existence of the right to request from the controller access to and rectification or erasure of personal data or restriction of processing concerning the data subject or, where applicable, the right to object to processing or the right to data portability;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where the processing is based on point (d) of Article 5(1) or point (a) of Article 10(2), the existence of the right to withdraw consent at any time, without affecting the lawfulness of processing based on consent before its withdrawal;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the right to lodge a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">from which source the personal data originate, and if applicable, whether it came from publicly accessible sources;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the existence of automated decision-making, including profiling, referred to in Article 24(1) and (4) and, at least in those cases, meaningful information about the logic involved, as well as the significance and the envisaged consequences of such processing for the data subject.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="016.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The controller shall provide the information referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">within a reasonable period after obtaining the personal data, but at the latest within one month, having regard to the specific circumstances in which the personal data are processed;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">if the personal data are to be used for communication with the data subject, at the latest at the time of the first communication to that data subject; or</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">if a disclosure to another recipient is envisaged, at the latest when the personal data are first disclosed.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="016.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Where the controller intends to further process the personal data for a purpose other than that for which the personal data were obtained, the controller shall provide the data subject prior to that further processing with information on that other purpose and with any relevant further information as referred to in paragraph 2.</p> </div> <div id="016.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. Paragraphs 1 to 4 shall not apply where and insofar as:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the data subject already has the information;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the provision of such information proves impossible or would involve a disproportionate effort, in particular for processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes or in so far as the obligation referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article is likely to render impossible or seriously impair the achievement of the objectives of that processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">obtaining or disclosure is expressly laid down by Union law, which provides appropriate measures to protect the data subject’s legitimate interests; or</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where the personal data must remain confidential subject to an obligation of professional secrecy regulated by Union law, including a statutory obligation of secrecy.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="016.006"> <p class="oj-normal">6. In the cases referred to in point (b) of paragraph 5 the controller shall take appropriate measures to protect the data subject’s rights and freedoms and legitimate interests, including making the information publicly available.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_17"> <p id="d1e1848-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 17</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_17.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Right of access by the data subject</p> </div> <div id="017.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller confirmation as to whether or not personal data concerning him or her are being processed, and, where that is the case, access to the personal data and the following information:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the purposes of the processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the categories of personal data concerned;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the recipients or categories of recipient to whom the personal data have been or will be disclosed, in particular recipients in third countries or international organisations;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where possible, the envisaged period for which the personal data will be stored, or, if not possible, the criteria used to determine that period;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the existence of the right to request from the controller rectification or erasure of personal data or restriction of processing of personal data concerning the data subject or to object to such processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the right to lodge a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where the personal data are not collected from the data subject, any available information as to their source;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(h)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the existence of automated decision-making, including profiling, referred to in Article 24(1) and (4) and, at least in those cases, meaningful information about the logic involved, as well as the significance and the envisaged consequences of such processing for the data subject.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="017.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Where personal data are transferred to a third country or to an international organisation, the data subject shall have the right to be informed of the appropriate safeguards pursuant to Article 48 relating to the transfer.</p> </div> <div id="017.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The controller shall provide a copy of the personal data undergoing processing. Where the data subject makes the request by electronic means, and unless otherwise requested by the data subject, the information shall be provided in a commonly used electronic form.</p> </div> <div id="017.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The right to obtain a copy referred to in paragraph 3 shall not adversely affect the rights and freedoms of others.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_III.sct_3"> <p id="d1e1925-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1"> <span class="oj-italic">SECTION 3</span> </p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_III.sct_3.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-006" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold"> <span class="oj-italic">Rectification and erasure</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_18"> <p id="d1e1935-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 18</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_18.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Right to rectification</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">The data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller without undue delay the rectification of inaccurate personal data concerning him or her. Taking into account the purposes of the processing, the data subject shall have the right to have incomplete personal data completed, including by means of providing a supplementary statement.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_19"> <p id="d1e1943-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 19</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_19.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Right to erasure (‘right to be forgotten’)</p> </div> <div id="019.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller the erasure of personal data concerning him or her without undue delay and the controller shall have the obligation to erase personal data without undue delay where one of the following grounds applies:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the personal data are no longer necessary in relation to the purposes for which they were collected or otherwise processed;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the data subject withdraws consent on which the processing is based according to point (d) of Article 5(1), or point (a) of Article 10(2), and where there is no other legal ground for the processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the data subject objects to the processing pursuant to Article 23(1) and there are no overriding legitimate grounds for the processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the personal data have been unlawfully processed;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the personal data have to be erased for compliance with a legal obligation to which the controller is subject;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the personal data have been collected in relation to the offer of information society services referred to in Article 8(1).</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="019.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Where the controller has made the personal data public and is obliged pursuant to paragraph 1 to erase the personal data, the controller, taking account of available technology and the cost of implementation, shall take reasonable steps, including technical measures, to inform controllers, or controllers other than Union institutions and bodies, which are processing the personal data that the data subject has requested the erasure by such controllers of any links to, or copy or replication of, those personal data.</p> </div> <div id="019.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply to the extent that processing is necessary:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">for exercising the right of freedom of expression and information;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">for compliance with a legal obligation to which the controller is subject or for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">for reasons of public interest in the area of public health in accordance with points (h) and (i) of Article 10(2) as well as Article 10(3);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes, in so far as the right referred to in paragraph 1 is likely to render impossible or seriously impair the achievement of the objectives of that processing; or</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_20"> <p id="d1e2038-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 20</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_20.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Right to restriction of processing</p> </div> <div id="020.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller restriction of processing where one of the following applies:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the accuracy of the personal data is contested by the data subject, for a period enabling the controller to verify the accuracy, including the completeness, of the personal data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the processing is unlawful and the data subject opposes the erasure of the personal data and requests the restriction of their use instead;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the controller no longer needs the personal data for the purposes of the processing, but they are required by the data subject for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the data subject has objected to processing pursuant to Article 23(1) pending the verification whether the legitimate grounds of the controller override those of the data subject.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="020.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Where processing has been restricted under paragraph 1, such personal data shall, with the exception of storage, only be processed with the data subject’s consent or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims or for the protection of the rights of another natural or legal person or for reasons of important public interest of the Union or of a Member State.</p> </div> <div id="020.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. A data subject who has obtained restriction of processing pursuant to paragraph 1 shall be informed by the controller before the restriction of processing is lifted.</p> </div> <div id="020.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. In automated filing systems restriction of processing shall in principle be ensured by technical means. The fact that the personal data are restricted shall be indicated in the system in such a way that it becomes clear that the personal data may not be used.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_21"> <p id="d1e2090-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 21</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_21.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Notification obligation regarding rectification or erasure of personal data or restriction of processing</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">The controller shall communicate any rectification or erasure of personal data or restriction of processing carried out in accordance with Article 18, Article 19(1) and Article 20 to each recipient to whom the personal data have been disclosed, unless this proves impossible or involves disproportionate effort. The controller shall inform the data subject about those recipients if the data subject requests it.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_22"> <p id="d1e2098-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 22</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_22.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Right to data portability</p> </div> <div id="022.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The data subject shall have the right to receive the personal data concerning him or her, which he or she has provided to a controller, in a structured, commonly used and machine-readable format and have the right to transmit those data to another controller without hindrance from the controller to which the personal data have been provided, where:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the processing is based on consent pursuant to point (d) of Article 5(1) or point (a) of Article 10(2) or on a contract pursuant to point (c) of Article 5(1); and</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the processing is carried out by automated means.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="022.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. In exercising his or her right to data portability pursuant to paragraph 1, the data subject shall have the right to have the personal data transmitted directly from one controller to another or to controllers other than Union institutions and bodies, where technically feasible.</p> </div> <div id="022.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The exercise of the right referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall be without prejudice to Article 19. That right shall not apply to processing necessary for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller.</p> </div> <div id="022.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The right referred to in paragraph 1 shall not adversely affect the rights and freedoms of others.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_III.sct_4"> <p id="d1e2139-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1"> <span class="oj-italic">SECTION 4</span> </p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_III.sct_4.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-007" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold"> <span class="oj-italic">Right to object and automated individual decision-making</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_23"> <p id="d1e2149-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 23</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_23.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Right to object</p> </div> <div id="023.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The data subject shall have the right to object, on grounds relating to his or her particular situation, at any time to processing of personal data concerning him or her which is based on point (a) of Article 5(1), including profiling based on that provision. The controller shall no longer process the personal data unless the controller demonstrates compelling legitimate grounds for the processing which override the interests, rights and freedoms of the data subject or for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims.</p> </div> <div id="023.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. At the latest at the time of the first communication with the data subject, the right referred to in paragraph 1 shall be explicitly brought to the attention of the data subject and shall be presented clearly and separately from any other information.</p> </div> <div id="023.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Without prejudice to Articles 36 and 37, in the context of the use of information society services the data subject may exercise his or her right to object by automated means using technical specifications.</p> </div> <div id="023.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Where personal data are processed for scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes, the data subject, on grounds relating to his or her particular situation, shall have the right to object to processing of personal data concerning him or her, unless the processing is necessary for the performance of a task carried out for reasons of public interest.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_24"> <p id="d1e2175-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 24</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_24.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Automated individual decision-making, including profiling</p> </div> <div id="024.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The data subject shall have the right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, which produces legal effects concerning him or her or similarly significantly affects him or her.</p> </div> <div id="024.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply if the decision:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">is necessary for entering into, or performance of, a contract between the data subject and the controller;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">is authorised by Union law, which also lays down suitable measures to safeguard the data subject’s rights and freedoms and legitimate interests; or</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">is based on the data subject’s explicit consent.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="024.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. In the cases referred to in points (a) and (c) of paragraph 2, the controller shall implement suitable measures to safeguard the data subject’s rights and freedoms and legitimate interests, at least the right to obtain human intervention on the part of the controller, to express his or her point of view and to contest the decision.</p> </div> <div id="024.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Decisions referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article shall not be based on special categories of personal data referred to in Article 10(1), unless point (a) or (g) of Article 10(2) applies and suitable measures to safeguard the data subject’s rights and freedoms and legitimate interests are in place.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_III.sct_5"> <p id="d1e2222-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1"> <span class="oj-italic">SECTION 5</span> </p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_III.sct_5.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-008" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold"> <span class="oj-italic">Restrictions</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_25"> <p id="d1e2232-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 25</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_25.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Restrictions</p> </div> <div id="025.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Legal acts adopted on the basis of the Treaties or, in matters relating to the operation of the Union institutions and bodies, internal rules laid down by the latter may restrict the application of Articles 14 to 22, 35, and 36, as well as Article 4 in so far as its provisions correspond to the rights and obligations provided for in Articles 14 to 22, when such a restriction respects the essence of the fundamental rights and freedoms and is a necessary and proportionate measure in a democratic society to safeguard:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the national security, public security or defence of the Member States;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the prevention, investigation, detection and prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties, including the safeguarding against and the prevention of threats to public security;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">other important objectives of general public interest of the Union or of a Member State, in particular the objectives of the common foreign and security policy of the Union or an important economic or financial interest of the Union or of a Member State, including monetary, budgetary and taxation matters, public health and social security;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the internal security of Union institutions and bodies, including of their electronic communications networks;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the protection of judicial independence and judicial proceedings;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the prevention, investigation, detection and prosecution of breaches of ethics for regulated professions;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">a monitoring, inspection or regulatory function connected, even occasionally, to the exercise of official authority in the cases referred to in points (a) to (c);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(h)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the protection of the data subject or the rights and freedoms of others;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(i)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the enforcement of civil law claims.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="025.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. In particular, any legal act or internal rule referred to in paragraph 1 shall contain specific provisions, where relevant, as to:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the purposes of the processing or categories of processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the categories of personal data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the scope of the restrictions introduced;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the safeguards to prevent abuse or unlawful access or transfer;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the specification of the controller or categories of controllers;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the storage periods and the applicable safeguards taking into account the nature, scope and purposes of the processing or categories of processing; and</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the risks to the rights and freedoms of data subjects.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="025.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Where personal data are processed for scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes, Union law, which may include internal rules adopted by Union institutions and bodies in matters relating to their operation, may provide for derogations from the rights referred to in Articles 17, 18, 20 and 23 subject to the conditions and safeguards referred to in Article 13 in so far as such rights are likely to render impossible or seriously impair the achievement of the specific purposes, and such derogations are necessary for the fulfilment of those purposes.</p> </div> <div id="025.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Where personal data are processed for archiving purposes in the public interest, Union law, which may include internal rules adopted by Union institutions and bodies in matters relating to their operation, may provide for derogations from the rights referred to in Articles 17, 18, 20, 21, 22 and 23 subject to the conditions and safeguards referred to in Article 13 in so far as such rights are likely to render impossible or seriously impair the achievement of the specific purposes, and such derogations are necessary for the fulfilment of those purposes.</p> </div> <div id="025.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. Internal rules referred to in paragraphs 1, 3 and 4 shall be clear and precise acts of general application, intended to produce legal effects vis-à-vis data subjects, adopted at the highest level of management of the Union institutions and bodies and subject to publication in the <span class="oj-italic">Official Journal of the European Union</span>.</p> </div> <div id="025.006"> <p class="oj-normal">6. If a restriction is imposed pursuant to paragraph 1, the data subject shall be informed in accordance with Union law of the principal reasons on which the application of the restriction is based and of his or her right to lodge a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor.</p> </div> <div id="025.007"> <p class="oj-normal">7. If a restriction imposed pursuant to paragraph 1 is relied upon to deny access to the data subject, the European Data Protection Supervisor shall, when investigating the complaint, only inform him or her of whether the data have been processed correctly and, if not, whether any necessary corrections have been made.</p> </div> <div id="025.008"> <p class="oj-normal">8. Provision of the information referred to in paragraphs 6 and 7 of this Article and in Article 45(2) may be deferred, omitted or denied if it would cancel the effect of the restriction imposed pursuant to paragraph 1 of this Article.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_IV"> <p id="d1e2382-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1">CHAPTER IV</p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_IV.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-009" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold">CONTROLLER AND PROCESSOR</span> </p> </div> <div id="cpt_IV.sct_1"> <p id="d1e2391-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1"> <span class="oj-italic">SECTION 1</span> </p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_IV.sct_1.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-010" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold"> <span class="oj-italic">General obligations</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_26"> <p id="d1e2401-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 26</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_26.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Responsibility of the controller</p> </div> <div id="026.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Taking into account the nature, scope, context and purposes of processing as well as the risks of varying likelihood and severity for the rights and freedoms of natural persons, the controller shall implement appropriate technical and organisational measures to ensure and to be able to demonstrate that processing is performed in accordance with this Regulation. Those measures shall be reviewed and updated where necessary.</p> </div> <div id="026.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Where proportionate in relation to processing activities, the measures referred to in paragraph 1 shall include the implementation of appropriate data protection policies by the controller.</p> </div> <div id="026.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Adherence to approved certification mechanisms as referred to in Article 42 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 may be used as an element by which to demonstrate compliance with the obligations of the controller.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_27"> <p id="d1e2422-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 27</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_27.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Data protection by design and by default</p> </div> <div id="027.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Taking into account the state of the art, the cost of implementation and the nature, scope, context and purposes of processing as well as the risks of varying likelihood and severity for rights and freedoms of natural persons posed by the processing, the controller shall, both at the time of the determination of the means for processing and at the time of the processing itself, implement appropriate technical and organisational measures, such as pseudonymisation, which are designed to implement data protection principles, such as data minimisation, in an effective manner and to integrate the necessary safeguards into the processing in order to meet the requirements of this Regulation and protect the rights of data subjects.</p> </div> <div id="027.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The controller shall implement appropriate technical and organisational measures for ensuring that, by default, only personal data which are necessary for each specific purpose of the processing are processed. That obligation applies to the amount of personal data collected, the extent of their processing, the period of their storage and their accessibility. In particular, such measures shall ensure that by default personal data are not made accessible without the individual’s intervention to an indefinite number of natural persons.</p> </div> <div id="027.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. An approved certification mechanism pursuant to Article 42 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 may be used as an element to demonstrate compliance with the requirements set out in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_28"> <p id="d1e2443-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 28</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_28.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Joint controllers</p> </div> <div id="028.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Where two or more controllers or one or more controllers together with one or more controllers other than Union institutions and bodies jointly determine the purposes and means of processing, they shall be joint controllers. They shall in a transparent manner determine their respective responsibilities for compliance with their data protection obligations, in particular as regards the exercising of the rights of the data subject and their respective duties to provide the information referred to in Articles 15 and 16, by means of an arrangement between them unless, and in so far as, the respective responsibilities of the joint controllers are determined by Union or Member State law to which the joint controllers are subject. The arrangement may designate a contact point for data subjects.</p> </div> <div id="028.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The arrangement referred to in paragraph 1 shall duly reflect the respective roles and relationships of the joint controllers vis-à-vis the data subjects. The essence of the arrangement shall be made available to the data subject.</p> </div> <div id="028.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Irrespective of the terms of the arrangement referred to in paragraph 1, the data subject may exercise his or her rights under this Regulation in respect of and against each of the controllers.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_29"> <p id="d1e2464-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 29</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_29.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Processor</p> </div> <div id="029.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Where processing is to be carried out on behalf of a controller, the controller shall use only processors providing sufficient guarantees to implement appropriate technical and organisational measures in such a manner that processing will meet the requirements of this Regulation and ensure the protection of the rights of the data subject.</p> </div> <div id="029.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The processor shall not engage another processor without prior specific or general written authorisation of the controller. In the case of general written authorisation, the processor shall inform the controller of any intended changes concerning the addition or replacement of other processors, thereby giving the controller the opportunity to object to such changes.</p> </div> <div id="029.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Processing by a processor shall be governed by a contract or other legal act under Union or Member State law, that is binding on the processor with regard to the controller and that sets out the subject matter and duration of the processing, the nature and purpose of the processing, the type of personal data and categories of data subjects and the obligations and rights of the controller. That contract or other legal act shall stipulate, in particular, that the processor:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">processes the personal data only on documented instructions from the controller, including with regard to transfers of personal data to a third country or an international organisation, unless required to do so by Union or Member State law to which the processor is subject; in such a case, the processor shall inform the controller of that legal requirement before processing, unless that law prohibits such information on important grounds of public interest;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">ensures that persons authorised to process the personal data have committed themselves to confidentiality or are under an appropriate statutory obligation of confidentiality;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">takes all measures required pursuant to Article 33;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">respects the conditions referred to in paragraphs 2 and 4 for engaging another processor;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">taking into account the nature of the processing, assists the controller by appropriate technical and organisational measures, insofar as this is possible, for the fulfilment of the controller’s obligation to respond to requests for exercising the data subject’s rights laid down in Chapter III;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">assists the controller in ensuring compliance with the obligations pursuant to Articles 33 to 41 taking into account the nature of processing and the information available to the processor;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">at the choice of the controller, deletes or returns all the personal data to the controller after the end of the provision of services relating to processing, and deletes existing copies unless Union or Member State law requires storage of the personal data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(h)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">makes available to the controller all information necessary to demonstrate compliance with the obligations laid down in this Article and allow for and contribute to audits, including inspections, conducted by the controller or another auditor mandated by the controller.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="oj-normal">With regard to point (h) of the first subparagraph, the processor shall immediately inform the controller if, in its opinion, an instruction infringes this Regulation or other Union or Member State data protection provisions.</p> </div> <div id="029.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Where a processor engages another processor for carrying out specific processing activities on behalf of the controller, the same data protection obligations as set out in the contract or other legal act between the controller and the processor as referred to in paragraph 3 shall be imposed on that other processor by way of a contract or other legal act under Union or Member State law, in particular providing sufficient guarantees to implement appropriate technical and organisational measures in such a manner that the processing will meet the requirements of this Regulation. Where that other processor fails to fulfil its data protection obligations, the initial processor shall remain fully liable to the controller for the performance of that other processor’s obligations.</p> </div> <div id="029.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. When a processor is not a Union institution or body, its adherence to an approved code of conduct referred to in Article 40(5) of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 or an approved certification mechanism referred to in Article 42 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 may be used as an element by which to demonstrate sufficient guarantees as referred to in paragraphs 1 and 4 of this Article.</p> </div> <div id="029.006"> <p class="oj-normal">6. Without prejudice to any individual contract between the controller and the processor, the contract or the other legal act referred to in paragraphs 3 and 4 of this Article may be based, in whole or in part, on standard contractual clauses referred to in paragraphs 7 and 8 of this Article, including when they are part of a certification granted to the processor other than a Union institution or body pursuant to Article 42 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.</p> </div> <div id="029.007"> <p class="oj-normal">7. The Commission may lay down standard contractual clauses for the matters referred to in paragraph 3 and 4 of this Article and in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 96(2).</p> </div> <div id="029.008"> <p class="oj-normal">8. The European Data Protection Supervisor may adopt standard contractual clauses for the matters referred to in paragraphs 3 and 4.</p> </div> <div id="029.009"> <p class="oj-normal">9. The contract or the other legal act referred to in paragraphs 3 and 4 shall be in writing, including in electronic form.</p> </div> <div id="029.010"> <p class="oj-normal">10. Without prejudice to Articles 65 and 66, if a processor infringes this Regulation by determining the purposes and means of processing, the processor shall be considered to be a controller in respect of that processing.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_30"> <p id="d1e2573-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 30</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_30.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Processing under the authority of the controller or processor</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">The processor and any person acting under the authority of the controller or of the processor, who has access to personal data, shall not process those data except on instructions from the controller, unless required to do so by Union or Member State law.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_31"> <p id="d1e2581-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 31</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_31.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Records of processing activities</p> </div> <div id="031.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Each controller shall maintain a record of processing activities under its responsibility. That record shall contain all of the following information:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the name and contact details of the controller, the data protection officer and, where applicable, the processor and the joint controller;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the purposes of the processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">a description of the categories of data subjects and of the categories of personal data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the categories of recipients to whom the personal data have been or will be disclosed including recipients in Member States, third countries or international organisations;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where applicable, transfers of personal data to a third country or an international organisation, including the identification of that third country or international organisation and the documentation of suitable safeguards;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where possible, the envisaged time limits for erasure of the different categories of data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where possible, a general description of the technical and organisational security measures referred to in Article 33.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="031.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Each processor shall maintain a record of all categories of processing activities carried out on behalf of a controller, containing:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the name and contact details of the processor or processors and of each controller on behalf of which the processor is acting, and of the data protection officer;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the categories of processing carried out on behalf of each controller;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where applicable, transfers of personal data to a third country or an international organisation, including the identification of that third country or international organisation and the documentation of suitable safeguards;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where possible, a general description of the technical and organisational security measures referred to in Article 33.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="031.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The records referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be in writing, including in electronic form.</p> </div> <div id="031.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Union institutions and bodies shall make the record available to the European Data Protection Supervisor on request.</p> </div> <div id="031.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. Unless it is not appropriate taking into account the size of the Union institution or body, Union institutions and bodies shall keep their records of processing activities in a central register. They shall make the register publicly accessible.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_32"> <p id="d1e2682-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 32</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_32.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Cooperation with the European Data Protection Supervisor</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Union institutions and bodies shall cooperate, on request, with the European Data Protection Supervisor in the performance of his or her tasks.</p> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_IV.sct_2"> <p id="d1e2691-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1"> <span class="oj-italic">SECTION 2</span> </p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_IV.sct_2.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-011" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold"> <span class="oj-italic">Security of personal data</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_33"> <p id="d1e2701-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 33</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_33.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Security of processing</p> </div> <div id="033.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Taking into account the state of the art, the costs of implementation and the nature, scope, context and purposes of processing as well as the risks of varying likelihood and severity for the rights and freedoms of natural persons, the controller and the processor shall implement appropriate technical and organisational measures to ensure a level of security appropriate to the risk, including, inter alia, as appropriate:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the pseudonymisation and encryption of personal data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the ability to ensure the ongoing confidentiality, integrity, availability and resilience of processing systems and services;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the ability to restore the availability and access to personal data in a timely manner in the event of a physical or technical incident;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">a process for regularly testing, assessing and evaluating the effectiveness of technical and organisational measures for ensuring the security of the processing.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="033.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. In assessing the appropriate level of security account shall be taken in particular of the risks that are presented by processing, in particular from accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorised disclosure of, or access to personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed.</p> </div> <div id="033.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The controller and processor shall take steps to ensure that any natural person acting under the authority of the controller or the processor who has access to personal data does not process them except on instructions from the controller, unless he or she is required to do so by Union law.</p> </div> <div id="033.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Adherence to an approved certification mechanism as referred to in Article 42 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 may be used as an element by which to demonstrate compliance with the requirements set out in paragraph 1 of this Article.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_34"> <p id="d1e2753-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 34</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_34.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Notification of a personal data breach to the European Data Protection Supervisor</p> </div> <div id="034.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. In the case of a personal data breach, the controller shall without undue delay and, where feasible, not later than 72 hours after having become aware of it, notify the personal data breach to the European Data Protection Supervisor, unless the personal data breach is unlikely to result in a risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons. Where the notification to the European Data Protection Supervisor is not made within 72 hours, it shall be accompanied by reasons for the delay.</p> </div> <div id="034.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The processor shall notify the controller without undue delay after becoming aware of a personal data breach.</p> </div> <div id="034.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The notification referred to in paragraph 1 shall at least:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">describe the nature of the personal data breach including where possible, the categories and approximate number of data subjects concerned and the categories and approximate number of personal data records concerned;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">communicate the name and contact details of the data protection officer;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">describe the likely consequences of the personal data breach;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">describe the measures taken or proposed to be taken by the controller to address the personal data breach, including, where appropriate, measures to mitigate its possible adverse effects.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="034.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Where, and in so far as, it is not possible to provide the information at the same time, the information may be provided in phases without undue further delay.</p> </div> <div id="034.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. The controller shall inform the data protection officer about the personal data breach.</p> </div> <div id="034.006"> <p class="oj-normal">6. The controller shall document any personal data breaches, comprising the facts relating to the personal data breach, its effects and the remedial action taken. That documentation shall enable the European Data Protection Supervisor to verify compliance with this Article.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_35"> <p id="d1e2815-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 35</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_35.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Communication of a personal data breach to the data subject</p> </div> <div id="035.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. When the personal data breach is likely to result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons, the controller shall communicate the personal data breach to the data subject without undue delay.</p> </div> <div id="035.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The communication to the data subject referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall describe in clear and plain language the nature of the personal data breach and contain at least the information and measures referred to in points (b), (c) and (d) of Article 34(3).</p> </div> <div id="035.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The communication to the data subject referred to in paragraph 1 shall not be required if any of the following conditions are met:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the controller has implemented appropriate technical and organisational protection measures, and those measures were applied to the personal data affected by the personal data breach, in particular those that render the personal data unintelligible to any person who is not authorised to access it, such as encryption;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the controller has taken subsequent measures which ensure that the high risk to the rights and freedoms of data subjects referred to in paragraph 1 is no longer likely to materialise;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">it would involve disproportionate effort. In such a case, there shall instead be a public communication or similar measure whereby the data subjects are informed in an equally effective manner.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="035.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. If the controller has not already communicated the personal data breach to the data subject, the European Data Protection Supervisor, having considered the likelihood of the personal data breach resulting in a high risk, may require it to do so or may decide that any of the conditions referred to in paragraph 3 are met.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_IV.sct_3"> <p id="d1e2862-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1"> <span class="oj-italic">SECTION 3</span> </p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_IV.sct_3.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-012" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold"> <span class="oj-italic">Confidentiality of electronic communications</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_36"> <p id="d1e2872-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 36</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_36.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Confidentiality of electronic communications</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Union institutions and bodies shall ensure the confidentiality of electronic communications, in particular by securing their electronic communications networks.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_37"> <p id="d1e2880-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 37</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_37.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Protection of information transmitted to, stored in, related to, processed by and collected from users’ terminal equipment</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Union institutions and bodies shall protect the information transmitted to, stored in, related to, processed by and collected from the terminal equipment of users accessing their publicly available websites and mobile applications, in accordance with Article 5(3) of Directive 2002/58/EC.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_38"> <p id="d1e2888-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 38</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_38.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Directories of users</p> </div> <div id="038.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Personal data contained in directories of users and access to such directories shall be limited to what is strictly necessary for the specific purposes of the directory.</p> </div> <div id="038.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Union institutions and bodies shall take all the necessary measures to prevent personal data contained in those directories from being used for direct marketing purposes regardless of whether they are accessible to the public or not.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_IV.sct_4"> <p id="d1e2905-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1"> <span class="oj-italic">SECTION 4</span> </p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_IV.sct_4.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-013" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold"> <span class="oj-italic">Data protection impact assessment and prior consultation</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_39"> <p id="d1e2915-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 39</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_39.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Data protection impact assessment</p> </div> <div id="039.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Where a type of processing in particular using new technologies, and taking into account the nature, scope, context and purposes of the processing, is likely to result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons, the controller shall, prior to the processing, carry out an assessment of the impact of the envisaged processing operations on the protection of personal data. A single assessment may address a set of similar processing operations that present similar high risks.</p> </div> <div id="039.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The controller shall seek the advice of the data protection officer when carrying out a data protection impact assessment.</p> </div> <div id="039.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. A data protection impact assessment referred to in paragraph 1 shall in particular be required in the case of:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">a systematic and extensive evaluation of personal aspects relating to natural persons which is based on automated processing, including profiling, and on which decisions are based that produce legal effects concerning the natural person or similarly significantly affect the natural person;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">processing on a large scale of special categories of data referred to in Article 10, or of personal data relating to criminal convictions and offences referred to in Article 11; or</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">a systematic monitoring of a publicly accessible area on a large scale.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="039.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall establish and make public a list of the kind of processing operations which are subject to the requirement for a data protection impact assessment pursuant to paragraph 1.</p> </div> <div id="039.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. The European Data Protection Supervisor may also establish and make public a list of the kind of processing operations for which no data protection impact assessment is required.</p> </div> <div id="039.006"> <p class="oj-normal">6. Prior to the adoption of the lists referred to in paragraphs 4 and 5 of this Article, the European Data Protection Supervisor shall request that the European Data Protection Board set up by Article 68 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 examine such lists in accordance with point (e) of Article 70(1) of that Regulation where they refer to processing operations by a controller acting jointly with one or more controllers other than Union institutions and bodies.</p> </div> <div id="039.007"> <p class="oj-normal">7. The assessment shall contain at least:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">a systematic description of the envisaged processing operations and the purposes of the processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">an assessment of the necessity and proportionality of the processing operations in relation to the purposes;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">an assessment of the risks to the rights and freedoms of data subjects referred to in paragraph 1; and</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the measures envisaged to address the risks, including safeguards, security measures and mechanisms to ensure the protection of personal data and to demonstrate compliance with this Regulation taking into account the rights and legitimate interests of data subjects and other persons concerned.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="039.008"> <p class="oj-normal">8. Compliance with approved codes of conduct referred to in Article 40 of the Regulation (EU) 2016/679 by the relevant processors other than Union institutions and bodies shall be taken into due account in assessing the impact of the processing operations performed by such processors, in particular for the purposes of a data protection impact assessment.</p> </div> <div id="039.009"> <p class="oj-normal">9. Where appropriate, the controller shall seek the views of data subjects or their representatives on the intended processing, without prejudice to the protection of public interests or the security of processing operations.</p> </div> <div id="039.010"> <p class="oj-normal">10. Where processing pursuant to point (a) or (b) of Article 5(1) has a legal basis in a legal act adopted on the basis of the Treaties, which regulates the specific processing operation or set of operations in question, and where a data protection impact assessment has already been carried out as part of a general impact assessment preceding the adoption of that legal act, paragraphs 1 to 6 of this Article shall not apply unless that legal act provides otherwise.</p> </div> <div id="039.011"> <p class="oj-normal">11. Where necessary, the controller shall carry out a review to assess if processing is performed in accordance with the data protection impact assessment at least when there is a change of the risk represented by processing operations.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_40"> <p id="d1e3023-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 40</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_40.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Prior consultation</p> </div> <div id="040.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The controller shall consult the European Data Protection Supervisor prior to processing where a data protection impact assessment under Article 39 indicates that the processing would, in the absence of safeguards, security measures and mechanisms to mitigate the risk, result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons and the controller is of the opinion that the risk cannot be mitigated by reasonable means in view of the available technologies and costs of implementation. The controller shall seek the advice of the data protection officer on the need for prior consultation.</p> </div> <div id="040.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Where the European Data Protection Supervisor is of the opinion that the intended processing referred to in paragraph 1 would infringe this Regulation, in particular where the controller has insufficiently identified or mitigated the risk, the European Data Protection Supervisor shall, within period of up to eight weeks of receipt of the request for consultation, provide written advice to the controller and, where applicable to the processor, and may use any of his or her powers referred to in Article 58. That period may be extended by six weeks, taking into account the complexity of the intended processing. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall inform the controller and, where applicable, the processor, of any such extension within one month of receipt of the request for consultation together with the reasons for the delay. Those periods may be suspended until the European Data Protection Supervisor has obtained information it has requested for the purposes of the consultation.</p> </div> <div id="040.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. When consulting the European Data Protection Supervisor pursuant to paragraph 1, the controller shall provide the European Data Protection Supervisor with:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where applicable, the respective responsibilities of the controller, joint controllers and processors involved in the processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the purposes and means of the intended processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the measures and safeguards provided to protect the rights and freedoms of data subjects pursuant to this Regulation;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the contact details of the data protection officer;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the data protection impact assessment provided for in Article 39; and</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">any other information requested by the European Data Protection Supervisor.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="040.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The Commission may, by means of an implementing act, determine a list of cases in which the controllers shall consult with, and obtain prior authorisation from, the European Data Protection Supervisor in relation to processing of personal data for the performance of a task carried out by the controller in the public interest, including the processing of such data in relation to social protection and public health.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_IV.sct_5"> <p id="d1e3088-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1"> <span class="oj-italic">SECTION 5</span> </p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_IV.sct_5.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-014" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold"> <span class="oj-italic">Information and legislative consultation</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_41"> <p id="d1e3098-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 41</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_41.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Information and consultation</p> </div> <div id="041.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The Union institutions and bodies shall inform the European Data Protection Supervisor when drawing up administrative measures and internal rules relating to the processing of personal data by a Union institution or body, whether alone or jointly with others.</p> </div> <div id="041.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The Union institutions and bodies shall consult the European Data Protection Supervisor when drawing up the internal rules referred to in Article 25.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_42"> <p id="d1e3114-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 42</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_42.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Legislative consultation</p> </div> <div id="042.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The Commission shall, following the adoption of proposals for a legislative act, of recommendations or of proposals to the Council pursuant to Article 218 TFEU or when preparing delegated acts or implementing acts, consult the European Data Protection Supervisor where there is an impact on the protection of individuals’ rights and freedoms with regard to the processing of personal data.</p> </div> <div id="042.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Where an act referred to in paragraph 1 is of particular importance for the protection of individuals’ rights and freedoms with regard to the processing of personal data, the Commission may also consult the European Data Protection Board. In such cases the European Data Protection Supervisor and the European Data Protection Board shall coordinate their work with a view to issuing a joint opinion.</p> </div> <div id="042.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The advice referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be provided in writing within a period of up to eight weeks of receipt of the request for consultation referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2. In urgent cases, or if otherwise appropriate, the Commission may shorten the deadline.</p> </div> <div id="042.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. This Article shall not apply where the Commission is required, pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2016/679, to consult the European Data Protection Board.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_IV.sct_6"> <p id="d1e3141-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1"> <span class="oj-italic">SECTION 6</span> </p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_IV.sct_6.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-015" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold"> <span class="oj-italic">Data protection officer</span> </span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_43"> <p id="d1e3151-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 43</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_43.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Designation of the data protection officer</p> </div> <div id="043.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Each Union institution or body shall designate a data protection officer.</p> </div> <div id="043.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Union institutions and bodies may designate a single data protection officer for several of them, taking into account their organisational structure and size.</p> </div> <div id="043.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The data protection officer shall be designated on the basis of professional qualities and, in particular, expert knowledge of data protection law and practices and the ability to fulfil the tasks referred to in Article 45.</p> </div> <div id="043.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The data protection officer shall be a staff member of the Union institution or body. Taking into account their size and if the option under paragraph 2 is not exercised, Union institutions and bodies may designate a data protection officer who fulfils his or her tasks on the basis of a service contract.</p> </div> <div id="043.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. The Union institutions and bodies shall publish the contact details of the data protection officer and communicate them to the European Data Protection Supervisor.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_44"> <p id="d1e3182-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 44</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_44.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Position of the data protection officer</p> </div> <div id="044.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The Union institutions and bodies shall ensure that the data protection officer is involved, properly and in a timely manner, in all issues which relate to the protection of personal data.</p> </div> <div id="044.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The Union institutions and bodies shall support the data protection officer in performing the tasks referred to in Article 45 by providing resources necessary to carry out those tasks and access to personal data and processing operations, and to maintain his or her expert knowledge.</p> </div> <div id="044.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The Union institutions and bodies shall ensure that the data protection officer does not receive any instructions regarding the exercise of those tasks. He or she shall not be dismissed or penalised by the controller or the processor for performing his or her tasks. The data protection officer shall directly report to the highest management level of the controller or the processor.</p> </div> <div id="044.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Data subjects may contact the data protection officer with regard to all issues related to processing of their personal data and to the exercise of their rights under this Regulation.</p> </div> <div id="044.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. The data protection officer and his or her staff shall be bound by secrecy or confidentiality concerning the performance of their tasks, in accordance with Union law.</p> </div> <div id="044.006"> <p class="oj-normal">6. The data protection officer may fulfil other tasks and duties. The controller or processor shall ensure that any such tasks and duties do not result in a conflict of interests.</p> </div> <div id="044.007"> <p class="oj-normal">7. The data protection officer may be consulted by the controller and the processor, by the staff committee concerned and by any individual on any matter concerning the interpretation or application of this Regulation, without them going through the official channels. No one shall suffer prejudice on account of a matter brought to the attention of the competent data protection officer alleging that a breach of the provisions of this Regulation has taken place.</p> </div> <div id="044.008"> <p class="oj-normal">8. The data protection officer shall be designated for a term of three to five years and shall be eligible for reappointment. The data protection officer may be dismissed from the post by the Union institution or body which designated him or her if he or she no longer fulfils the conditions required for the performance of his or her duties and only with the consent of the European Data Protection Supervisor.</p> </div> <div id="044.009"> <p class="oj-normal">9. After his or her designation the data protection officer shall be registered with the European Data Protection Supervisor by the Union institution or body which designated him or her.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_45"> <p id="d1e3233-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 45</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_45.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Tasks of the data protection officer</p> </div> <div id="045.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The data protection officer shall have the following tasks:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to inform and advise the controller or the processor and the employees who carry out processing of their obligations pursuant to this Regulation and to other Union data protection provisions;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to ensure in an independent manner the internal application of this Regulation; to monitor compliance with this Regulation, with other applicable Union law containing data protection provisions and with the policies of the controller or processor in relation to the protection of personal data, including the assignment of responsibilities, the raising of awareness and training of staff involved in processing operations, and the related audits;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to ensure that data subjects are informed of their rights and obligations pursuant to this Regulation;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to provide advice where requested as regards the necessity for a notification or a communication of a personal data breach pursuant to Articles 34 and 35;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to provide advice where requested as regards the data protection impact assessment and monitor its performance pursuant to Article 39 and to consult the European Data Protection Supervisor in case of doubt as to the need for a data protection impact assessment;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to provide advice where requested as regards the need for prior consultation of the European Data Protection Supervisor pursuant to Article 40; to consult the European Data Protection Supervisor in case of doubt as to the need for a prior consultation;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to respond to requests from the European Data Protection Supervisor; within the sphere of his or her competence, to cooperate and consult with the European Data Protection Supervisor at the latter’s request or on his or her own initiative;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(h)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to ensure that the rights and freedoms of data subjects are not adversely affected by processing operations.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="045.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The data protection officer may make recommendations to the controller and the processor for the practical improvement of data protection and advise them on matters concerning the application of data protection provisions. Furthermore he or she may, on his or her own initiative or at the request of the controller or the processor, the staff committee concerned or any individual, investigate matters and occurrences directly relating to his or her tasks which come to his or her notice, and report back to the person who commissioned the investigation or to the controller or the processor.</p> </div> <div id="045.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Further implementing rules concerning the data protection officer shall be adopted by each Union institution or body. The implementing rules shall in particular concern the tasks, duties and powers of the data protection officer.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_V"> <p id="d1e3305-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1">CHAPTER V</p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_V.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-016" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold">TRANSFERS OF PERSONAL DATA TO THIRD COUNTRIES OR INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS</span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_46"> <p id="d1e3313-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 46</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_46.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">General principle for transfers</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Any transfer of personal data which are undergoing processing or are intended for processing after transfer to a third country or to an international organisation shall take place only if, subject to the other provisions of this Regulation, the conditions laid down in this Chapter are complied with by the controller and processor, including for onward transfers of personal data from the third country or an international organisation to another third country or to another international organisation. All provisions in this Chapter shall be applied in order to ensure that the level of protection of natural persons guaranteed by this Regulation is not undermined.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_47"> <p id="d1e3321-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 47</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_47.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Transfers on the basis of an adequacy decision</p> </div> <div id="047.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. A transfer of personal data to a third country or international organisation may take place where the Commission has decided pursuant to Article 45(3) of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 or to Article 36(3) of Directive (EU) 2016/680 that the third country, a territory or one or more specified sectors within that third country, or the international organisation in question ensures an adequate level of protection and where the personal data are transferred solely to allow tasks within the competence of the controller to be carried out.</p> </div> <div id="047.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The Union institutions and bodies shall inform the Commission and the European Data Protection Supervisor of cases where they consider that a third country, a territory or one or more specified sectors within a third country, or an international organisation in question does not ensure an adequate level of protection within the meaning of paragraph 1.</p> </div> <div id="047.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The Union institutions and bodies shall take the necessary measures to comply with decisions taken by the Commission where it establishes, pursuant to Article 45(3) or (5) of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 or to Article 36(3) or (5) of Directive (EU) 2016/680, that a third country, a territory or one or more specified sectors within a third country, or an international organisation ensures or no longer ensures an adequate level of protection.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_48"> <p id="d1e3342-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 48</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_48.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Transfers subject to appropriate safeguards</p> </div> <div id="048.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. In the absence of a decision pursuant to Article 45(3) of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 or to Article 36(3) of Directive (EU) 2016/680, a controller or processor may transfer personal data to a third country or to an international organisation only if the controller or processor has provided appropriate safeguards, and on condition that enforceable data subject rights and effective legal remedies for data subjects are available.</p> </div> <div id="048.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The appropriate safeguards referred to in paragraph 1 may be provided for, without requiring any specific authorisation from the European Data Protection Supervisor, by:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">a legally binding and enforceable instrument between public authorities or bodies;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">standard data protection clauses adopted by the Commission in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 96(2);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">standard data protection clauses adopted by the European Data Protection Supervisor and approved by the Commission pursuant to the examination procedure referred to in Article 96(2);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where the processor is not a Union institution or body, binding corporate rules, codes of conduct or certification mechanisms pursuant to points (b), (e) and (f) of Article 46(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="048.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Subject to the authorisation from the European Data Protection Supervisor, the appropriate safeguards referred to in paragraph 1 may also be provided for, in particular, by:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">contractual clauses between the controller or processor and the controller, processor or the recipient of the personal data in the third country or international organisation; or</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">provisions to be inserted into administrative arrangements between public authorities or bodies which include enforceable and effective data subject rights.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="048.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Authorisations by the European Data Protection Supervisor on the basis of Article 9(7) of Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 shall remain valid until amended, replaced or repealed, if necessary, by the European Data Protection Supervisor.</p> </div> <div id="048.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. The Union institutions and bodies shall inform the European Data Protection Supervisor of the categories of cases in which this Article has been applied.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_49"> <p id="d1e3413-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 49</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_49.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Transfers or disclosures not authorised by Union law</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Any judgment of a court or tribunal and any decision of an administrative authority of a third country requiring a controller or processor to transfer or disclose personal data may only be recognised or enforceable in any manner if based on an international agreement, such as a mutual legal assistance treaty, in force between the requesting third country and the Union, without prejudice to other grounds for transfer pursuant to this Chapter.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_50"> <p id="d1e3421-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 50</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_50.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Derogations for specific situations</p> </div> <div id="050.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. In the absence of an adequacy decision pursuant to Article 45(3) of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 or to Article 36(3) of Directive (EU) 2016/680, or of appropriate safeguards pursuant to Article 48 of this Regulation, a transfer or a set of transfers of personal data to a third country or an international organisation shall take place only on one of the following conditions:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the data subject has explicitly consented to the proposed transfer, after having been informed of the possible risks of such transfers for the data subject due to the absence of an adequacy decision and appropriate safeguards;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the transfer is necessary for the performance of a contract between the data subject and the controller or the implementation of pre-contractual measures taken at the data subject’s request;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the transfer is necessary for the conclusion or performance of a contract concluded in the interest of the data subject between the controller and another natural or legal person;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the transfer is necessary for important reasons of public interest;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the transfer is necessary for the establishment, exercise or defence of legal claims;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the transfer is necessary in order to protect the vital interests of the data subject or of other persons, where the data subject is physically or legally incapable of giving consent; or</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the transfer is made from a register which, according to Union law, is intended to provide information to the public and which is open to consultation either by the public in general or by any person who can demonstrate a legitimate interest, but only to the extent that the conditions laid down in Union law for consultation are fulfilled in the particular case.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="050.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 shall not apply to activities carried out by Union institutions and bodies in the exercise of their public powers.</p> </div> <div id="050.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The public interest referred to in point (d) of paragraph 1 shall be recognised in Union law.</p> </div> <div id="050.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. A transfer pursuant to point (g) of paragraph 1 shall not involve the entirety of the personal data or entire categories of the personal data contained in the register, unless authorised by Union law. Where the register is intended for consultation by persons having a legitimate interest, the transfer shall be made only at the request of those persons or if they are to be the recipients.</p> </div> <div id="050.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. In the absence of an adequacy decision, Union law may, for important reasons of public interest, expressly set limits to the transfer of specific categories of personal data to a third country or an international organisation.</p> </div> <div id="050.006"> <p class="oj-normal">6. The Union institutions and bodies shall inform the European Data Protection Supervisor of the categories of cases in which this Article has been applied.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_51"> <p id="d1e3501-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 51</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_51.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">International cooperation for the protection of personal data</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">In relation to third countries and international organisations, the European Data Protection Supervisor, in cooperation with the Commission and the European Data Protection Board, shall take appropriate steps to:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">develop international cooperation mechanisms to facilitate the effective enforcement of legislation for the protection of personal data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">provide international mutual assistance in the enforcement of legislation for the protection of personal data, including through notification, complaint referral, investigative assistance and information exchange, subject to appropriate safeguards for the protection of personal data and other fundamental rights and freedoms;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">engage relevant stakeholders in discussion and activities aimed at furthering international cooperation in the enforcement of legislation for the protection of personal data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">promote the exchange and documentation of personal data protection legislation and practice, including on jurisdictional conflicts with third countries.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_VI"> <p id="d1e3536-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1">CHAPTER VI</p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_VI.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-017" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold">EUROPEAN DATA PROTECTION SUPERVISOR</span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_52"> <p id="d1e3544-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 52</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_52.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">European Data Protection Supervisor</p> </div> <div id="052.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The European Data Protection Supervisor is hereby established.</p> </div> <div id="052.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. With respect to the processing of personal data, the European Data Protection Supervisor shall be responsible for ensuring that the fundamental rights and freedoms of natural persons, and in particular their right to data protection, are respected by Union institutions and bodies.</p> </div> <div id="052.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall be responsible for monitoring and ensuring the application of the provisions of this Regulation and of any other Union act relating to the protection of the fundamental rights and freedoms of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by a Union institution or body, and for advising Union institutions and bodies and data subjects on all matters concerning the processing of personal data. To those ends, the European Data Protection Supervisor shall fulfil the tasks set out in Article 57 and exercise the powers granted in Article 58.</p> </div> <div id="052.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 shall apply to documents held by the European Data Protection Supervisor. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall adopt detailed rules for applying Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 with regard to those documents.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_53"> <p id="d1e3570-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 53</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_53.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Appointment of the European Data Protection Supervisor</p> </div> <div id="053.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The European Parliament and the Council shall appoint the European Data Protection Supervisor by common accord for a term of five years, on the basis of a list drawn up by the Commission following a public call for candidates. The call for candidates shall enable all interested parties throughout the Union to submit their applications. The list of candidates drawn up by the Commission shall be public and shall consist of at least three candidates. On the basis of the list drawn up by the Commission, the competent committee of the European Parliament may decide to hold a hearing in order to enable it to express a preference.</p> </div> <div id="053.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The list of candidates referred to in paragraph 1 shall be made up of persons whose independence is beyond doubt and who are acknowledged as having expert knowledge in data protection as well as the experience and skills required to perform the duties of European Data Protection Supervisor.</p> </div> <div id="053.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The term of office of the European Data Protection Supervisor shall be renewable once.</p> </div> <div id="053.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The duties of the European Data Protection Supervisor shall cease in the following circumstances:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">if the European Data Protection Supervisor is replaced;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">if the European Data Protection Supervisor resigns;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">if the European Data Protection Supervisor is dismissed or required to take compulsory retirement.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="053.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. The European Data Protection Supervisor may be dismissed or deprived of his or her right to a pension or other benefits in his or her stead by the Court of Justice at the request of the European Parliament, the Council or the Commission, if he or she no longer fulfils the conditions required for the performance of his or her duties or if he or she is guilty of serious misconduct.</p> </div> <div id="053.006"> <p class="oj-normal">6. In the event of normal replacement or voluntary resignation, the European Data Protection Supervisor shall nevertheless remain in office until he or she has been replaced.</p> </div> <div id="053.007"> <p class="oj-normal">7. Articles 11 to 14 and 17 of the Protocol on the Privileges and Immunities of the European Union shall apply to the European Data Protection Supervisor.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_54"> <p id="d1e3631-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 54</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_54.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Regulations and general conditions governing the performance of the European Data Protection Supervisor’s duties, staff and financial resources</p> </div> <div id="054.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall be considered equivalent to a judge of the Court of Justice as regards the determination of remuneration, allowances, retirement pension and any other benefit in lieu of remuneration.</p> </div> <div id="054.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The budgetary authority shall ensure that the European Data Protection Supervisor is provided with the human and financial resources necessary for the performance of his or her tasks.</p> </div> <div id="054.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The budget of the European Data Protection Supervisor shall be shown in a separate budgetary heading in the section related to administrative expenditure of the general budget of the Union.</p> </div> <div id="054.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall be assisted by a secretariat. The officials and other staff members of the secretariat shall be appointed by the European Data Protection Supervisor and their superior shall be the European Data Protection Supervisor. They shall be subject exclusively to his or her direction. Their numbers shall be decided each year as part of the budgetary procedure. Article 75(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/679 shall apply to the staff of the European Data Protection Supervisor involved in carrying out the tasks conferred on the European Data Protection Board by Union law.</p> </div> <div id="054.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. The officials and the other staff members of the secretariat of the European Data Protection Supervisor shall be subject to the rules and regulations applicable to officials and other servants of the Union.</p> </div> <div id="054.006"> <p class="oj-normal">6. The seat of the European Data Protection Supervisor shall be in Brussels.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_55"> <p id="d1e3667-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 55</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_55.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Independence</p> </div> <div id="055.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall act with complete independence in performing his or her tasks and exercising his or her powers in accordance with this Regulation.</p> </div> <div id="055.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall, in the performance of his or her tasks and exercise of his or her powers in accordance with this Regulation, remain free from external influence, whether direct or indirect, and shall neither seek nor take instructions from anybody.</p> </div> <div id="055.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall refrain from any action incompatible with his or her duties and shall not, during his or her term of office, engage in any other occupation, whether gainful or not.</p> </div> <div id="055.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. After his or her term of office, the European Data Protection Supervisor shall behave with integrity and discretion as regards the acceptance of appointments and benefits.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_56"> <p id="d1e3693-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 56</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_56.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Professional secrecy</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">The European Data Protection Supervisor and his or her staff shall, both during and after their term of office, be subject to a duty of professional secrecy with regard to any confidential information which has come to their knowledge in the course of the performance of their official duties.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_57"> <p id="d1e3701-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 57</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_57.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Tasks</p> </div> <div id="057.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Without prejudice to other tasks set out under this Regulation, the European Data Protection Supervisor shall:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">monitor and enforce the application of this Regulation by Union institutions and bodies, with the exception of the processing of personal data by the Court of Justice acting in its judicial capacity;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">promote public awareness and understanding of the risks, rules, safeguards and rights in relation to processing. Activities addressed specifically to children shall receive specific attention;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">promote the awareness of controllers and processors of their obligations under this Regulation;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">upon request, provide information to any data subject concerning the exercise of their rights under this Regulation and, if appropriate, cooperate with the national supervisory authorities to that end;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">handle complaints lodged by a data subject, or by a body, organisation or association in accordance with Article 67, and investigate, to the extent appropriate, the subject matter of the complaint and inform the complainant of the progress and the outcome of the investigation within a reasonable period, in particular if further investigation or coordination with another supervisory authority is necessary;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">conduct investigations on the application of this Regulation, including on the basis of information received from another supervisory authority or other public authority;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">advise, on his or her own initiative or on request, all Union institutions and bodies on legislative and administrative measures relating to the protection of natural persons’ rights and freedoms with regard to the processing of personal data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(h)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">monitor relevant developments, insofar as they have an impact on the protection of personal data, in particular the development of information and communication technologies;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(i)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">adopt standard contractual clauses referred to in Article 29(8) and in point (c) of Article 48(2);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(j)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">establish and maintain a list in relation to the requirement for data protection impact assessment pursuant to Article 39(4);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(k)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">participate in the activities of the European Data Protection Board;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(l)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">provide the secretariat for the European Data Protection Board, in accordance with Article 75 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(m)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">give advice on the processing referred to in Article 40(2);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(n)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">authorise contractual clauses and provisions referred to in Article 48(3);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(o)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">keep internal records of infringements of this Regulation and of measures taken in accordance with Article 58(2);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(p)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">fulfil any other tasks related to the protection of personal data; and</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(q)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">establish his or her Rules of Procedure.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="057.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall facilitate the submission of complaints referred to in point (e) of paragraph 1 by a complaint submission form which can also be completed electronically, without excluding other means of communication.</p> </div> <div id="057.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The performance of the tasks of the European Data Protection Supervisor shall be free of charge for the data subject.</p> </div> <div id="057.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Where requests are manifestly unfounded or excessive, in particular because of their repetitive character, the European Data Protection Supervisor may refuse to act on the request. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall bear the burden of demonstrating the manifestly unfounded or excessive character of the request.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_58"> <p id="d1e3832-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 58</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_58.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Powers</p> </div> <div id="058.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall have the following investigative powers:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to order the controller and the processor to provide any information it requires for the performance of his or her tasks;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to carry out investigations in the form of data protection audits;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to notify the controller or the processor of an alleged infringement of this Regulation;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to obtain, from the controller and the processor, access to all personal data and to all information necessary for the performance of his or her tasks;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to obtain access to any premises of the controller and the processor, including to any data processing equipment and means, in accordance with Union law.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="058.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall have the following corrective powers:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to issue warnings to a controller or processor that intended processing operations are likely to infringe provisions of this Regulation;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to issue reprimands to a controller or a processor where processing operations have infringed provisions of this Regulation;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to refer matters to the controller or processor concerned and, if necessary, to the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to order the controller or the processor to comply with the data subject’s requests to exercise his or her rights pursuant to this Regulation;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to order the controller or processor to bring processing operations into compliance with the provisions of this Regulation, where appropriate, in a specified manner and within a specified period;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to order the controller to communicate a personal data breach to the data subject;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to impose a temporary or definitive limitation including a ban on processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(h)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to order the rectification or erasure of personal data or restriction of processing pursuant to Articles 18, 19 and 20 and the notification of such actions to recipients to whom the personal data have been disclosed pursuant to Article 19(2) and Article 21;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(i)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to impose an administrative fine pursuant to Article 66 in the case of non-compliance by a Union institution or body with one of the measures referred to in points (d) to (h) and (j) of this paragraph, depending on the circumstances of each individual case;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(j)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to order the suspension of data flows to a recipient in a Member State, a third country or to an international organisation.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="058.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall have the following authorisation and advisory powers:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to advise data subjects in the exercise of their rights;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to advise the controller in accordance with the prior consultation procedure referred to in Article 40, and in accordance with Article 41(2);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to issue, on his or her own initiative or on request, opinions to Union institutions and bodies and to the public on any issue related to the protection of personal data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to adopt standard data protection clauses referred to in Article 29(8) and in point (c) of Article 48(2);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to authorise contractual clauses referred to in point (a) of Article 48(3);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to authorise administrative arrangements referred to in point (b) of Article 48(3);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">to authorise processing operations pursuant to implementing acts adopted under Article 40(4).</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="058.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall have the power to refer the matter to the Court of Justice under the conditions provided for in the Treaties and to intervene in actions brought before the Court of Justice.</p> </div> <div id="058.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. The exercise of the powers conferred on the European Data Protection Supervisor pursuant to this Article shall be subject to appropriate safeguards, including effective judicial remedies and due process, set out in Union law.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_59"> <p id="d1e4001-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 59</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_59.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Obligation of controllers and processors to react to allegations</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Where the European Data Protection Supervisor exercises the powers provided for in points (a), (b) and (c) of Article 58(2), the controller or processor concerned shall inform the European Data Protection Supervisor of its views within a reasonable period to be specified by the European Data Protection Supervisor, taking into account the circumstances of each case. The reply shall also include a description of the measures taken, if any, in response to the remarks of the European Data Protection Supervisor.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_60"> <p id="d1e4009-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 60</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_60.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Activities report</p> </div> <div id="060.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall submit an annual report on his or her activities to the European Parliament, to the Council and to the Commission and at the same time make it public.</p> </div> <div id="060.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall forward the report referred to in paragraph 1 to the other Union institutions and bodies, which may submit comments with a view to possible examination of the report by the European Parliament.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_VII"> <p id="d1e4026-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1">CHAPTER VII</p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_VII.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-018" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold">COOPERATION AND CONSISTENCY</span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_61"> <p id="d1e4034-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 61</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_61.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Cooperation between the European Data Protection Supervisor and national supervisory authorities</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">The European Data Protection Supervisor shall cooperate with national supervisory authorities and with the joint supervisory authority established under Article 25 of Council Decision 2009/917/JHA <a id="ntc19-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0019" href="#ntr19-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0019" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">19</span>)</a> to the extent necessary for the performance of their respective duties, in particular by providing each other with relevant information, asking each other to exercise their powers and responding to each other’s requests.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_62"> <p id="d1e4052-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 62</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_62.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Coordinated supervision by the European Data Protection Supervisor and national supervisory authorities</p> </div> <div id="062.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Where a Union act refers to this Article, the European Data Protection Supervisor and the national supervisory authorities, each acting within the scope of their respective competences, shall cooperate actively within the framework of their responsibilities to ensure effective supervision of large-scale IT systems and of Union bodies, offices and agencies.</p> </div> <div id="062.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. They shall, as necessary, each acting within the scope of their respective competences and within the framework of their responsibilities, exchange relevant information, assist each other in carrying out audits and inspections, examine difficulties of interpretation or application of this Regulation and other applicable Union acts, study problems with the exercise of independent supervision or with the exercise of the rights of data subjects, draw up harmonised proposals for solutions to any problems and promote awareness of data protection rights.</p> </div> <div id="062.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. For the purposes laid down in paragraph 2, the European Data Protection Supervisor and the national supervisory authorities shall meet at least twice a year within the framework of the European Data Protection Board. For these purposes, the European Data Protection Board may develop further working methods as necessary.</p> </div> <div id="062.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The European Data Protection Board shall submit a joint report of coordinated supervision activities to the European Parliament, to the Council, and to the Commission every two years.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_VIII"> <p id="d1e4079-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1">CHAPTER VIII</p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_VIII.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-019" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold">REMEDIES, LIABILITY AND PENALTIES</span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_63"> <p id="d1e4087-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 63</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_63.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Right to lodge a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor</p> </div> <div id="063.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Without prejudice to any judicial, administrative or non-judicial remedy, every data subject shall have the right to lodge a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor if the data subject considers that the processing of personal data relating to him or her infringes this Regulation.</p> </div> <div id="063.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall inform the complainant of the progress and the outcome of the complaint, including of the possibility of a judicial remedy pursuant to Article 64.</p> </div> <div id="063.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. If the European Data Protection Supervisor does not handle the complaint or does not inform the data subject within three months on the progress or outcome of the complaint, the European Data Protection Supervisor shall be deemed to have adopted a negative decision.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_64"> <p id="d1e4108-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 64</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_64.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Right to an effective judicial remedy</p> </div> <div id="064.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The Court of Justice shall have jurisdiction to hear all disputes relating to the provisions of this Regulation, including claims for damages.</p> </div> <div id="064.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Actions against decisions of the European Data Protection Supervisor, including decisions under Article 63(3), shall be brought before the Court of Justice.</p> </div> <div id="064.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The Court of Justice shall have unlimited jurisdiction to review administrative fines referred to in Article 66. It may cancel, reduce or increase those fines within the limits of Article 66.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_65"> <p id="d1e4129-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 65</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_65.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Right to compensation</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Any person who has suffered material or non-material damage as a result of an infringement of this Regulation shall have the right to receive compensation from the Union institution or body for the damage suffered, subject to the conditions provided for in the Treaties.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_66"> <p id="d1e4137-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 66</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_66.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Administrative fines</p> </div> <div id="066.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The European Data Protection Supervisor may impose administrative fines on Union institutions and bodies, depending on the circumstances of each individual case, where a Union institution or body fails to comply with an order by the European Data Protection Supervisor pursuant to points (d) to (h) and (j) of Article 58(2). When deciding whether to impose an administrative fine and deciding on the amount of the administrative fine in each individual case, due regard shall be given to the following:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the nature, gravity and duration of the infringement, taking into account the nature, scope or purpose of the processing concerned as well as the number of data subjects affected and the level of damage suffered by them;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">any action taken by the Union institution or body to mitigate the damage suffered by data subjects;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the degree of responsibility of the Union institution or body, taking into account technical and organisational measures implemented by them pursuant to Articles 27 and 33;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">any similar previous infringements by the Union institution or body;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the degree of cooperation with the European Data Protection Supervisor in order to remedy the infringement and mitigate the possible adverse effects of the infringement;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the categories of personal data affected by the infringement;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the manner in which the infringement became known to the European Data Protection Supervisor, in particular whether, and if so to what extent, the Union institution or body notified the infringement;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(h)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">compliance with any of the measures referred to in Article 58 previously ordered against the Union institution or body concerned with regard to the same subject matter. The proceedings leading to the imposition of those fines shall be carried out in a reasonable timeframe according to the circumstances of the case and taking into account the relevant actions and proceedings referred to in Article 69.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="066.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Infringements of the obligations of the Union institution or body pursuant to Articles 8, 12, 27 to 35, 39, 40, 43, 44 and 45 shall, in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article, be subject to administrative fines of up to 25 000 EUR per infringement and up to a total of 250 000 EUR per year.</p> </div> <div id="066.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Infringements of the following provisions by the Union institution or body shall, in accordance with paragraph 1, be subject to administrative fines of up to 50 000 EUR per infringement and up to a total of 500 000 EUR per year:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the basic principles for processing, including conditions for consent, pursuant to Articles 4, 5, 7 and 10;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the data subjects’ rights pursuant to Articles 14 to 24;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the transfers of personal data to a recipient in a third country or an international organisation pursuant to Articles 46 to 50.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="066.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. If a Union institution or body, for the same or linked or continuous processing operations, infringes several provisions of this Regulation or the same provision of this Regulation several times, the total amount of the administrative fine shall not exceed the amount specified for the gravest infringement.</p> </div> <div id="066.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. Before taking decisions pursuant to this Article, the European Data Protection Supervisor shall give the Union institution or body which is the subject of the proceedings conducted by the European Data Protection Supervisor the opportunity of being heard on the matters to which the European Data Protection Supervisor has taken objection. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall base his or her decisions only on objections on which the parties concerned have been able to comment. Complainants shall be associated closely with the proceedings.</p> </div> <div id="066.006"> <p class="oj-normal">6. The rights of defence of the parties concerned shall be fully respected in the proceedings. They shall be entitled to have access to the European Data Protection Supervisor’s file, subject to the legitimate interest of individuals or undertakings in the protection of their personal data or business secrets.</p> </div> <div id="066.007"> <p class="oj-normal">7. Funds collected by imposition of fines in this Article shall be the income of the general budget of the Union.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_67"> <p id="d1e4260-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 67</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_67.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Representation of data subjects</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">The data subject shall have the right to mandate a not-for-profit body, organisation or association which has been properly constituted in accordance with Union law or the law of a Member State, has statutory objectives which are in the public interest, and is active in the field of the protection of data subjects’ rights and freedoms with regard to the protection of their personal data to lodge the complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor on his or her behalf, to exercise the rights referred to in Articles 63 and 64 on his or her behalf, and to exercise the right to receive compensation referred to in Article 65 on his or her behalf.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_68"> <p id="d1e4268-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 68</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_68.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Complaints by Union staff</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Any person employed by a Union institution or body may lodge a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor regarding an alleged infringement of the provisions of this Regulation, including without acting through official channels. No one shall suffer prejudice by reason of having submitted a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor alleging such an infringement.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_69"> <p id="d1e4276-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 69</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_69.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Sanctions</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Where an official or other servant of the Union fails to comply with the obligations laid down in this Regulation, whether intentionally or through negligence on his or her part, the official or other servant concerned shall be liable to disciplinary or other action, in accordance with the rules and procedures laid down in the Staff Regulations.</p> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_IX"> <p id="d1e4285-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1">CHAPTER IX</p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_IX.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-020" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold">PROCESSING OF OPERATIONAL PERSONAL DATA BY UNION BODIES, OFFICES AND AGENCIES WHEN CARRYING OUT ACTIVITIES WHICH FALL WITHIN THE SCOPE OF CHAPTER 4 OR CHAPTER 5 OF TITLE V OF PART THREE TFEU</span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_70"> <p id="d1e4293-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 70</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_70.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Scope of the Chapter</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">This Chapter applies only to the processing of operational personal data by Union bodies, offices and agencies when carrying out activities which fall within the scope of Chapter 4 or Chapter 5 of Title V of Part Three TFEU, without prejudice to specific data protection rules applicable to such a Union body, office or agency.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_71"> <p id="d1e4301-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 71</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_71.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Principles relating to processing of operational personal data</p> </div> <div id="071.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Operational personal data shall be:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">processed lawfully and fairly (‘lawfulness and fairness’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">collected for specified, explicit and legitimate purposes and not processed in a manner that is incompatible with those purposes (‘purpose limitation’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">adequate, relevant, and not excessive in relation to the purposes for which they are processed (‘data minimisation’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">accurate and, where necessary, kept up to date; every reasonable step must be taken to ensure that operational personal data that are inaccurate, having regard to the purposes for which they are processed, are erased or rectified without delay (‘accuracy’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">kept in a form which permits identification of data subjects for no longer than is necessary for the purposes for which the operational personal data are processed (‘storage limitation’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">processed in a manner that ensures appropriate security of the operational personal data, including protection against unauthorised or unlawful processing and against accidental loss, destruction or damage, using appropriate technical or organisational measures (‘integrity and confidentiality’).</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="071.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Processing by the same or another controller for any of the purposes set out in the legal act establishing the Union body, office or agency other than that for which the operational personal data are collected shall be permitted in so far as:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the controller is authorised to process such operational personal data for such a purpose in accordance with Union law; and</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">processing is necessary and proportionate to that other purpose in accordance with Union law.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="071.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Processing by the same or another controller may include archiving in the public interest, scientific, statistical or historical use, for the purposes set out in the legal act establishing the Union body, office or agency, subject to appropriate safeguards for the rights and freedoms of data subjects.</p> </div> <div id="071.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The controller shall be responsible for, and be able to demonstrate compliance with, paragraphs 1, 2 and 3.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_72"> <p id="d1e4403-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 72</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_72.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Lawfulness of processing of operational personal data</p> </div> <div id="072.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Processing of operational personal data shall be lawful only if and to the extent that processing is necessary for the performance of a task carried out by Union bodies, offices and agencies when carrying out activities which fall within the scope of Chapter 4 or Chapter 5 of Title V of Part Three TFEU and that it is based on Union law.</p> </div> <div id="072.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Specific Union legal acts regulating processing within the scope of this Chapter shall specify at least the objectives of processing, the operational personal data to be processed, the purposes of the processing and the time limits for storage of the operational personal data or for periodic review of the need for further storage of the operational personal data.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_73"> <p id="d1e4419-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 73</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_73.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Distinction between different categories of data subjects</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">The controller shall, where applicable and as far as possible, make a clear distinction between the operational personal data of different categories of data subjects, such as the categories listed in the legal acts establishing Union bodies, offices and agencies.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_74"> <p id="d1e4427-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 74</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_74.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Distinction between operational personal data and verification of the quality of operational personal data</p> </div> <div id="074.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The controller shall distinguish, as far as possible, operational personal data based on facts from operational personal data based on personal assessments.</p> </div> <div id="074.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The controller shall take all reasonable steps to ensure that operational personal data which are inaccurate, incomplete or no longer up to date are not transmitted or made available. To that end, the controller shall, as far as practicable and where relevant, verify the quality of operational personal data before they are transmitted or made available, for example by consulting the competent authority from which the data originates. As far as possible, in all transmissions of operational personal data, the controller shall add the necessary information enabling the recipient to assess the degree to which the operational personal data are accurate, complete and reliable, and the extent to which they are up to date.</p> </div> <div id="074.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. If it emerges that incorrect operational personal data have been transmitted or that operational personal data have been unlawfully transmitted, the recipient shall be notified without delay. In such a case, the operational personal data concerned shall be rectified or erased or their processing shall be restricted in accordance with Article 82.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_75"> <p id="d1e4448-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 75</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_75.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Specific processing conditions</p> </div> <div id="075.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. When Union law applicable to the transmitting controller provides for specific conditions for processing, the controller shall inform the recipient of the operational personal data of those conditions and the requirement to comply with them.</p> </div> <div id="075.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The controller shall comply with specific processing conditions for processing provided by a transmitting competent authority in accordance with Article 9(3) and (4) of Directive (EU) 2016/680.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_76"> <p id="d1e4464-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 76</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_76.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Processing of special categories of operational personal data</p> </div> <div id="076.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Processing of operational personal data revealing racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, religious or philosophical beliefs, or trade union membership, and the processing of genetic data, biometric data for the purpose of uniquely identifying a natural person, operational personal data concerning health or concerning a natural person’s sex life or sexual orientation shall be allowed only where strictly necessary for operational purposes, within the mandate of the Union body, office or agency concerned and subject to appropriate safeguards for the rights and freedoms of the data subject. Discrimination against natural persons on the basis of such personal data shall be prohibited.</p> </div> <div id="076.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The data protection officer shall be informed without undue delay of recourse to this Article.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_77"> <p id="d1e4480-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 77</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_77.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Automated individual decision-making, including profiling</p> </div> <div id="077.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. A decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, which produces an adverse legal effect concerning the data subject or significantly affects him or her shall be prohibited unless authorised by Union law to which the controller is subject and which provides appropriate safeguards for the rights and freedoms of the data subject, at least the right to obtain human intervention on the part of the controller.</p> </div> <div id="077.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Decisions referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall not be based on the special categories of personal data referred to in Article 76 unless suitable measures to safeguard the data subject’s rights, freedoms and legitimate interests are in place.</p> </div> <div id="077.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Profiling that results in discrimination against natural persons on the basis of special categories of personal data referred to in Article 76 shall be prohibited, in accordance with Union law.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_78"> <p id="d1e4501-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 78</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_78.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Communication and modalities for exercising the rights of the data subject</p> </div> <div id="078.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The controller shall take reasonable steps to provide any information referred to in Article 79 and make any communication with regard to Articles 80 to 84 and 92 relating to processing to the data subject in a concise, intelligible and easily accessible form, using clear and plain language. The information shall be provided by any appropriate means, including by electronic means. As a general rule, the controller shall provide the information in the same form as the request.</p> </div> <div id="078.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The controller shall facilitate the exercise of the rights of the data subject under Articles 79 to 84.</p> </div> <div id="078.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The controller shall inform the data subject in writing about the follow-up to his or her request without undue delay and in any case at the latest within three months after receipt of the request by the data subject.</p> </div> <div id="078.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The controller shall provide the information under Article 79 and any communication made or action taken pursuant to Articles 80 to 84 and 92 free of charge. Where requests from a data subject are manifestly unfounded or excessive, in particular because of their repetitive character, the controller may refuse to act on the request. The controller shall bear the burden of demonstrating the manifestly unfounded or excessive character of the request.</p> </div> <div id="078.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. Where the controller has reasonable doubts concerning the identity of the natural person making a request referred to in Article 80 or 82, the controller may request the provision of additional information necessary to confirm the identity of the data subject.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_79"> <p id="d1e4532-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 79</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_79.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Information to be made available or given to the data subject</p> </div> <div id="079.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The controller shall make available to the data subject at least the following information:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the identity and the contact details of the Union body, office or agency;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the contact details of the data protection officer;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the purposes of the processing for which the operational personal data are intended;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the right to lodge a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor and his or her contact details;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the existence of the right to request from the controller access to and rectification or erasure of operational personal data and restriction of processing of the operational personal data concerning the data subject.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="079.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. In addition to the information referred to in paragraph 1, the controller shall give to the data subject, in the specific cases foreseen by Union law, the following further information to enable the exercise of his or her rights:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the legal basis for the processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the period for which the operational personal data will be stored, or, where that is not possible, the criteria used to determine that period;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where applicable, the categories of recipients of the operational personal data, including in third countries or international organisations;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where necessary, further information, in particular where the operational personal data are collected without the knowledge of the data subject.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="079.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The controller may delay, restrict or omit the provision of the information to the data subject pursuant to paragraph 2 to the extent that, and for as long as, such a measure constitutes a necessary and proportionate measure in a democratic society with due regard for the fundamental rights and the legitimate interests of the natural person concerned, in order to:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">avoid obstructing official or legal inquiries, investigations or procedures;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">avoid prejudicing the prevention, detection, investigation or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">protect the public security of Member States;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">protect the national security of Member States;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">protect the rights and freedoms of others, such as victims and witnesses.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_80"> <p id="d1e4644-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 80</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_80.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Right of access by the data subject</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">The data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller confirmation as to whether or not operational personal data concerning him or her are processed, and where that is the case, have the right to access operational personal data and the following information:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the purposes of and legal basis for the processing;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the categories of operational personal data concerned;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the recipients or categories of recipients to whom the operational personal data have been disclosed, in particular recipients in third countries or international organisations;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">where possible, the envisaged period for which the operational personal data will be stored, or, if not possible, the criteria used to determine that period;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the existence of the right to request from the controller rectification or erasure of operational personal data or restriction of processing of operational personal data concerning the data subject;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the right to lodge a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor and his or her contact details;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">communication of the operational personal data undergoing processing and of any available information as to their origin.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_81"> <p id="d1e4696-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 81</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_81.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Limitations to the right of access</p> </div> <div id="081.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The controller may restrict, wholly or partly, the data subject’s right of access to the extent that, and for as long as, such a partial or complete restriction constitutes a necessary and proportionate measure in a democratic society with due regard for the fundamental rights and legitimate interests of the natural person concerned, in order to:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">avoid obstructing official or legal inquiries, investigations or procedures;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">avoid prejudicing the prevention, detection, investigation or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">protect the public security of Member States;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">protect the national security of Member States;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">protect the rights and freedoms of others, such as victims and witnesses.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="081.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. In the cases referred to in paragraph 1, the controller shall inform the data subject, without undue delay, in writing of any refusal or restriction of access and of the reasons for the refusal or the restriction. Such information may be omitted where the provision thereof would undermine a purpose under paragraph 1. The controller shall inform the data subject of the possibility of lodging a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor or of seeking a judicial remedy before the Court of Justice. The controller shall document the factual or legal reasons on which the decision is based. That information shall be made available to the European Data Protection Supervisor on request.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_82"> <p id="d1e4744-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 82</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_82.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Right to rectification or erasure of operational personal data and restriction of processing</p> </div> <div id="082.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Any data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller without undue delay the rectification of inaccurate operational personal data relating to him or her. Taking into account the purposes of the processing, the data subject shall have the right to have incomplete operational personal data completed, including by means of providing a supplementary statement.</p> </div> <div id="082.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The controller shall erase operational personal data without undue delay and the data subject shall have the right to obtain from the controller the erasure of operational personal data concerning him or her without undue delay where processing infringes Articles 71, 72(1) or 76, or where operational personal data must be erased in order to comply with a legal obligation to which the controller is subject.</p> </div> <div id="082.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Instead of erasure, the controller shall restrict processing where:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the accuracy of the personal data is contested by the data subject and their accuracy or inaccuracy cannot be ascertained; or</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the personal data must be maintained for the purposes of evidence.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="oj-normal">Where processing is restricted pursuant to point (a) of the first subparagraph, the controller shall inform the data subject before lifting the restriction of processing.</p> <p class="oj-normal">Restricted data shall be processed only for the purpose that prevented their erasure.</p> </div> <div id="082.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The controller shall inform the data subject in writing of any refusal of rectification or erasure of operational personal data or restrict processing and of the reasons for the refusal. The controller may restrict, wholly or partly, the provision of such information to the extent that such a restriction constitutes a necessary and proportionate measure in a democratic society with due regard for the fundamental rights and legitimate interests of the natural person concerned in order to:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">avoid obstructing official or legal inquiries, investigations or procedures;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">avoid prejudicing the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">protect the public security of Member States;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">protect the national security of Member States;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">protect the rights and freedoms of others, such as victims and witnesses.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="oj-normal">The controller shall inform the data subject of the possibility of lodging a complaint with the European Data Protection Supervisor or seeking a judicial remedy from the Court of Justice.</p> </div> <div id="082.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. The controller shall communicate the rectification of inaccurate operational personal data to the competent authority from which the inaccurate operational personal data originate.</p> </div> <div id="082.006"> <p class="oj-normal">6. The controller shall, where operational personal data has been rectified or erased or processing has been restricted pursuant to paragraphs 1, 2 or 3, notify the recipients and inform them that they have to rectify or erase the operational personal data or restrict processing of the operational personal data under their responsibility.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_83"> <p id="d1e4832-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 83</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_83.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Right of access in criminal investigations and proceedings</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Where operational personal data originates from a competent authority, Union bodies, offices and agencies shall, prior to deciding on a data subject’s right of access, verify with the competent authority concerned whether such personal data are contained in a judicial decision or record or a case file processed in the course of criminal investigations and proceedings in the Member State of that competent authority. Where this is the case, a decision on the right of access shall be taken in consultation and in close cooperation with the competent authority concerned.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_84"> <p id="d1e4840-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 84</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_84.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Exercise of rights by the data subject and verification by the European Data Protection Supervisor</p> </div> <div id="084.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. In the cases referred to in Articles 79(3), 81 and 82(4), the rights of the data subject may also be exercised through the European Data Protection Supervisor.</p> </div> <div id="084.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The controller shall inform the data subject of the possibility of exercising his or her rights through the European Data Protection Supervisor pursuant to paragraph 1.</p> </div> <div id="084.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Where the right referred to in paragraph 1 is exercised, the European Data Protection Supervisor shall at least inform the data subject that all necessary verifications or a review by him or her have taken place. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall also inform the data subject of his or her right to seek a judicial remedy before the Court of Justice.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_85"> <p id="d1e4861-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 85</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_85.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Data protection by design and by default</p> </div> <div id="085.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Taking into account the state of the art, the cost of implementation and the nature, scope, context and purposes of processing as well as the risks of varying likelihood and severity for rights and freedoms of natural persons posed by the processing, the controller shall, both at the time of the determination of the means for processing and at the time of the processing itself, implement appropriate technical and organisational measures, such as pseudonymisation, which are designed to implement data protection principles, such as data minimisation, in an effective manner and to integrate the necessary safeguards into the processing, in order to meet the requirements of this Regulation and the legal act establishing it, and protect the rights of the data subjects.</p> </div> <div id="085.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The controller shall implement appropriate technical and organisational measures ensuring that, by default, only operational personal data which are adequate, relevant and not excessive in relation to the purpose of the processing are processed. That obligation applies to the amount of operational personal data collected, the extent of their processing, the period of their storage and their accessibility. In particular, such measures shall ensure that by default operational personal data are not made accessible without the individual’s intervention to an indefinite number of natural persons.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_86"> <p id="d1e4877-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 86</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_86.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Joint controllers</p> </div> <div id="086.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Where two or more controllers or one or more controllers together with one or more controllers other than Union institutions and bodies jointly determine the purposes and means of processing, they shall be joint controllers. They shall in a transparent manner determine their respective responsibilities for compliance with their data protection obligations, in particular as regards the exercise of the rights of the data subject and their respective duties to provide the information referred to in Article 79, by means of an arrangement between them, unless and in so far as the respective responsibilities of the joint controllers are determined by Union or Member State law to which the joint controllers are subject. The arrangement may designate a contact point for data subjects.</p> </div> <div id="086.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The arrangement referred to in paragraph 1 shall duly reflect the respective roles and relationships of the joint controllers vis-à-vis the data subject. The essence of the arrangement shall be made available to the data subject.</p> </div> <div id="086.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Irrespective of the terms of the arrangement referred to in paragraph 1, the data subject may exercise his or her rights under this Regulation in respect of and against each of the controllers.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_87"> <p id="d1e4898-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 87</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_87.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Processor</p> </div> <div id="087.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Where processing is to be carried out on behalf of a controller, the controller shall use only processors providing sufficient guarantees to implement appropriate technical and organisational measures in such a manner that processing will meet the requirements of this Regulation and the legal act establishing the controller and ensure the protection of the rights of the data subject.</p> </div> <div id="087.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The processor shall not engage another processor without prior specific or general written authorisation by the controller. In the case of general written authorisation, the processor shall inform the controller of any intended changes concerning the addition or replacement of other processors, thereby giving the controller the opportunity to object to such changes.</p> </div> <div id="087.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Processing by a processor shall be governed by a contract or other legal act under Union or Member State law, that is binding on the processor with regard to the controller and that sets out the subject matter and duration of the processing, the nature and purpose of the processing, the type of operational personal data and categories of data subjects and the obligations and rights of the controller. That contract or other legal act shall stipulate, in particular, that the processor:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">acts only on instructions from the controller;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">ensures that persons authorised to process the operational personal data have committed themselves to confidentiality or are under an appropriate statutory obligation of confidentiality;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">assists the controller by any appropriate means to ensure compliance with the provisions on the data subject’s rights;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">at the choice of the controller, deletes or returns all the operational personal data to the controller after the end of the provision of services relating to processing, and deletes existing copies unless Union law or Member State law requires storage of the operational personal data;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">makes available to the controller all information necessary to demonstrate compliance with the obligations laid down in this Article;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">complies with the conditions referred to in paragraph 2 and in this paragraph for engaging another processor.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="087.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The contract or the other legal act referred to in paragraph 3 shall be in writing, including in electronic form.</p> </div> <div id="087.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. If a processor infringes this Regulation or the legal act establishing the controller by determining the purposes and means of processing, the processor shall be considered to be a controller in respect of that processing.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_88"> <p id="d1e4967-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 88</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_88.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Logging</p> </div> <div id="088.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The controller shall keep logs for any of the following processing operations in automated processing systems: the collection, alteration, access, consultation, disclosure, including transfers, combination and erasure of operational personal data. The logs of consultation and disclosure shall make it possible to establish the justification for, and the date and time of, such operations, the identification of the person who consulted or disclosed operational personal data, and, as far as possible, the identity of the recipients of such operational personal data.</p> </div> <div id="088.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The logs shall be used solely for verification of the lawfulness of processing, self-monitoring, ensuring the integrity and security of the operational personal data, and for criminal proceedings. Such logs shall be deleted after three years, unless they are required for ongoing control.</p> </div> <div id="088.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The controller shall make the logs available to its data protection officer and to the European Data Protection Supervisor on request.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_89"> <p id="d1e4988-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 89</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_89.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Data protection impact assessment</p> </div> <div id="089.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Where a type of processing, in particular using new technologies, and taking into account the nature, scope, context and purposes of the processing, is likely to result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons, the controller shall carry out, prior to the processing, an assessment of the impact of the envisaged processing operations on the protection of operational personal data.</p> </div> <div id="089.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The assessment referred to in paragraph 1 shall contain at least a general description of the envisaged processing operations, an assessment of the risks to the rights and freedoms of data subjects, the measures envisaged to address those risks, safeguards, security measures and mechanisms to ensure the protection of operational personal data and to demonstrate compliance with data protection rules, taking into account the rights and legitimate interests of the data subjects and other persons concerned.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_90"> <p id="d1e5004-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 90</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_90.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Prior consultation of the European Data Protection Supervisor</p> </div> <div id="090.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The controller shall consult the European Data Protection Supervisor prior to processing which will form part of a new filing system to be created, where:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">a data protection impact assessment under Article 89 indicates that the processing would result in a high risk in the absence of measures taken by the controller to mitigate the risk; or</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the type of processing, in particular, where using new technologies, mechanisms or procedures, involves a high risk to the rights and freedoms of data subjects.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="090.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The European Data Protection Supervisor may establish a list of the processing operations which are subject to prior consultation pursuant to paragraph 1.</p> </div> <div id="090.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The controller shall provide the European Data Protection Supervisor with the data protection impact assessment referred to Article 89 and, on request, with any other information to allow the European Data Protection Supervisor to make an assessment of the compliance of the processing and in particular of the risks for the protection of operational personal data of the data subject and of the related safeguards.</p> </div> <div id="090.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. Where the European Data Protection Supervisor is of the opinion that the intended processing referred to in paragraph 1 would infringe this Regulation or the legal act establishing the Union body, office or agency, in particular where the controller has insufficiently identified or mitigated the risk, the European Data Protection Supervisor shall provide written advice to the controller within a period of up to six weeks of receipt of the request for consultation. That period may be extended by a month, taking into account the complexity of the intended processing. The European Data Protection Supervisor shall inform the controller of any such extension within one month of receipt of the request for consultation, together with the reasons for the delay.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_91"> <p id="d1e5045-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 91</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_91.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Security of processing of operational personal data</p> </div> <div id="091.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The controller and the processor shall, taking into account the state of the art, the costs of implementation and the nature, scope, context and purposes of the processing as well as the risks of varying likelihood and severity for the rights and freedoms of natural persons, implement appropriate technical and organisational measures to ensure a level of security appropriate to the risks, in particular as regards the processing of special categories of operational personal data.</p> </div> <div id="091.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. In respect of automated processing, the controller and the processor shall, following an evaluation of the risks, implement measures designed to:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">deny unauthorised persons access to data processing equipment used for processing (‘equipment access control’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">prevent the unauthorised reading, copying, modification or removal of data media (‘data media control’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">prevent the unauthorised input of operational personal data and the unauthorised inspection, modification or deletion of stored operational personal data (‘storage control’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">prevent the use of automated processing systems by unauthorised persons using data communication equipment (‘user control’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(e)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">ensure that persons authorised to use an automated processing system have access only to the operational personal data covered by their access authorisation (‘data access control’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(f)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">ensure that it is possible to verify and establish the bodies to which operational personal data have been or may be transmitted or made available using data communication (‘communication control’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(g)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">ensure that it is subsequently possible to verify and establish which operational personal data have been input into automated data processing systems, and when and by whom the operational personal data were input (‘input control’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(h)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">prevent unauthorised reading, copying, modification or deletion of operational personal data during transfers of operational personal data or during transportation of data media (‘transport control’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(i)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">ensure that installed systems may, in the case of interruption, be restored (‘recovery’);</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(j)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">ensure that the functions of the system perform, that the appearance of faults in the functions is reported (‘reliability’) and that stored operational personal data cannot be corrupted by means of a malfunctioning of the system (‘integrity’).</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_92"> <p id="d1e5167-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 92</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_92.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Notification of a personal data breach to the European Data Protection Supervisor</p> </div> <div id="092.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. In the case of a personal data breach, the controller shall notify without undue delay and, where feasible, not later than 72 hours after having become aware of it, the personal data breach to the European Data Protection Supervisor, unless the personal data breach is unlikely to result in a risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons. Where the notification to the European Data Protection Supervisor is not made within 72 hours, it shall be accompanied by reasons for the delay.</p> </div> <div id="092.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The notification referred to in paragraph 1 shall at least:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">describe the nature of the personal data breach including, where possible, the categories and approximate number of data subjects concerned and the categories and approximate number of operational personal data records concerned;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">communicate the name and contact details of the Data Protection Officer;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">describe the likely consequences of the personal data breach;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(d)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">describe the measures taken or proposed to be taken by the controller to address the personal data breach, including, where appropriate, measures to mitigate its possible adverse effects.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="092.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Where, and in so far as, it is not possible to provide the information referred to in paragraph 2 at the same time, the information may be provided in phases without undue further delay.</p> </div> <div id="092.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The controller shall document any personal data breaches referred to in paragraph 1, comprising the facts relating to the personal data breach, its effects and the remedial action taken. That documentation shall enable the European Data Protection Supervisor to verify compliance with this Article.</p> </div> <div id="092.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. Where the personal data breach involves operational personal data that have been transmitted by or to the competent authorities, the controller shall communicate the information referred to in paragraph 2 to the competent authorities concerned without undue delay.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_93"> <p id="d1e5224-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 93</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_93.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Communication of a personal data breach to the data subject</p> </div> <div id="093.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Where the personal data breach is likely to result in a high risk to the rights and freedoms of natural persons, the controller shall communicate the personal data breach to the data subject without undue delay.</p> </div> <div id="093.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The communication to the data subject referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article shall describe in clear and plain language the nature of the personal data breach and shall contain at least the information and the recommendations provided for in points (b), (c) and (d) of Article 92(2).</p> </div> <div id="093.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The communication to the data subject referred to in paragraph 1 shall not be required if any of the following conditions are met:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the controller has implemented appropriate technological and organisational protection measures, and those measures were applied to the operational personal data affected by the personal data breach, in particular those that render the operational personal data unintelligible to any person who is not authorised to access it, such as encryption;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the controller has taken subsequent measures which ensure that the high risk to the rights and freedoms of data subjects referred to in paragraph 1 is no longer likely to materialise;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">it would involve a disproportionate effort. In such a case, there shall instead be a public communication or a similar measure whereby the data subjects are informed in an equally effective manner.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="093.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. If the controller has not already communicated the personal data breach to the data subject, the European Data Protection Supervisor, having considered the likelihood of the personal data breach resulting in a high risk, may require it to do so, or may decide that any of the conditions referred to in paragraph 3 are met.</p> </div> <div id="093.005"> <p class="oj-normal">5. The communication to the data subject referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article may be delayed, restricted or omitted subject to the conditions and on the grounds referred to in Article 79(3).</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_94"> <p id="d1e5275-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 94</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_94.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Transfer of operational personal data to third countries and international organisations</p> </div> <div id="094.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. Subject to restrictions and conditions laid down in the legal acts establishing the Union body, office or agency, the controller may transfer operational personal data to an authority of a third country or to an international organisation insofar as such transfer is necessary for the performance of controller’s tasks and only where the conditions laid down in this Article are met, namely:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">the Commission has adopted an adequacy decision in accordance with Article 36(3) of Directive (EU) 2016/680, finding that the third country or a territory or a processing sector within that third country or the international organisation in question ensures an adequate level of protection;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">in the absence of a Commission adequacy decision under point (a), an international agreement has been concluded between the Union and that third country or international organisation pursuant to Article 218 TFEU adducing adequate safeguards with respect to the protection of privacy and fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">in the absence of a Commission adequacy decision under point (a) or an international agreement under point (b), a cooperation agreement has been concluded allowing for the exchange of operational personal data before the date of application of the legal act establishing the Union body, office or agency concerned, between that Union body, office or agency and the third country in question.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="094.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The legal acts establishing the Union bodies, offices and agencies may maintain or introduce more specific provisions on the conditions for international transfers of operational personal data, in particular on the transfers by way of appropriate safeguards and derogations for specific situations..</p> </div> <div id="094.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. The controller shall publish on its website and keep up to date a list of adequacy decisions referred to in point (a) of paragraph 1, agreements, administrative arrangements and other instruments relating to the transfer of operational personal data in accordance with paragraph 1.</p> </div> <div id="094.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The controller shall keep detailed records of all transfers made pursuant to this Article.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_95"> <p id="d1e5321-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 95</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_95.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Secrecy of judicial inquiries and criminal proceedings</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">The legal acts establishing the Union bodies, offices or agencies carrying out the activities which fall within the scope of Chapter 4 or Chapter 5 of Title V of Part Three TFEU may oblige the European Data Protection Supervisor, in the exercise of his or her supervision powers, to take utmost account of the secrecy of judicial inquiries and criminal proceedings, in accordance with Union or Member State law.</p> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_X"> <p id="d1e5330-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1">CHAPTER X</p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_X.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-021" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold">IMPLEMENTING ACTS</span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_96"> <p id="d1e5338-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 96</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_96.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Committee procedure</p> </div> <div id="096.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The Commission shall be assisted by the committee established by Article 93 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679. That committee shall be a committee within the meaning of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011.</p> </div> <div id="096.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_XI"> <p id="d1e5355-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1">CHAPTER XI</p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_XI.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-022" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold">REVIEW</span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_97"> <p id="d1e5363-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 97</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_97.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Review clause</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">No later than 30 April 2022, and every five years thereafter, the Commission shall present to the European Parliament and to the Council a report on the application of this Regulation, accompanied, if necessary, by appropriate legislative proposals.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_98"> <p id="d1e5374-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 98</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_98.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Review of Union legal acts</p> </div> <div id="098.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. By 30 April 2022, the Commission shall review legal acts adopted on the basis of the Treaties which regulate the processing of operational personal data by Union bodies, offices or agencies when carrying out activities which fall within the scope of Chapter 4 or Chapter 5 of Title V of Part Three TFEU, in order to:</p> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(a)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">assess their consistency with Directive (EU) 2016/680 and Chapter IX of this Regulation;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(b)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">identify any divergences that may hamper the exchange of operational personal data between Union bodies, offices or agencies when carrying out activities in those fields and competent authorities; and</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <col width="4%"/> <col width="96%"/> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">(c)</p> </td> <td valign="top" > <p class="oj-normal">identify any divergences that may create legal fragmentation of the data protection legislation in the Union.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="098.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. On the basis of the review, in order to ensure uniform and consistent protection of natural persons with regard to processing, the Commission may submit appropriate legislative proposals, in particular with a view to applying Chapter IX of this Regulation to Europol and the European Public Prosecutor’s Office and including adaptations of Chapter IX of this Regulation, if necessary.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="cpt_XII"> <p id="d1e5415-39-1" class="oj-ti-section-1">CHAPTER XII</p> <div class="eli-title" id="cpt_XII.tit_1"> <p id="L_2018295EN.01003901-d-023" class="oj-ti-section-2"> <span class="oj-bold">FINAL PROVISIONS</span> </p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_99"> <p id="d1e5423-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 99</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_99.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Repeal of Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 and of Decision No 1247/2002/EC</p> </div> <p class="oj-normal">Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 and Decision No 1247/2002/EC are repealed with effect from 11 December 2018. References to the repealed Regulation and Decision shall be construed as references to this Regulation.</p> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_100"> <p id="d1e5434-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 100</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_100.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Transitional measures</p> </div> <div id="100.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. The Decision 2014/886/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council <a id="ntc20-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0020" href="#ntr20-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0020" >(<span class="oj-super oj-note-tag">20</span>)</a> and the current terms of office of the European Data Protection Supervisor and the Assistant Supervisor shall not be affected by this Regulation.</p> </div> <div id="100.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. The Assistant Supervisor shall be considered equivalent to the Registrar of the Court of Justice as regards the determination of remuneration, allowances, retirement pension and any other benefit in lieu of remuneration.</p> </div> <div id="100.003"> <p class="oj-normal">3. Article 53(4), (5) and (7), and Articles 55 and 56 of this Regulation shall apply to the current Assistant Supervisor until the end of his term of office.</p> </div> <div id="100.004"> <p class="oj-normal">4. The Assistant Supervisor shall assist the European Data Protection Supervisor in fulfilling the latter’s duties and act as a replacement when the European Data Protection Supervisor is absent or prevented from attending to those duties until the end of the current Assistant Supervisor’s term of office.</p> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="art_101"> <p id="d1e5470-39-1" class="oj-ti-art">Article 101</p> <div class="eli-title" id="art_101.tit_1"> <p class="oj-sti-art">Entry into force and application</p> </div> <div id="101.001"> <p class="oj-normal">1. This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the <span class="oj-italic">Official Journal of the European Union</span>.</p> </div> <div id="101.002"> <p class="oj-normal">2. However, this Regulation shall apply to processing of personal data by Eurojust from 12 December 2019.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="eli-subdivision" id="fnp_1"> <div class="oj-final"> <p class="oj-normal">This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.</p> <p class="oj-normal">Done at Strasbourg, 23 October 2018.</p> <div class="oj-signatory"> <p class="oj-signatory"> <span class="oj-italic">For the European Parliament</span> </p> <p class="oj-signatory"> <span class="oj-italic">The President</span> </p> <p class="oj-signatory">A. TAJANI </p> </div> <div class="oj-signatory"> <p class="oj-signatory"> <span class="oj-italic">For the Council</span> </p> <p class="oj-signatory"> <span class="oj-italic">The President</span> </p> <p class="oj-signatory">K. EDTSTADLER </p> </div> </div> </div> <hr class="oj-note"/> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr1-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0001" href="#ntc1-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0001" >(<span class="oj-super">1</span>)</a> <a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:C:2017:288:TOC" >OJ C 288, 31.8.2017, p. 107</a>.</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr2-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0002" href="#ntc2-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0002" >(<span class="oj-super">2</span>)</a> Position of the European Parliament of 13 September 2018 (not yet published in the Official Journal) and decision of the Council of 11 October 2018.</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr3-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0003" href="#ntc3-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0003" >(<span class="oj-super">3</span>)</a> Regulation (EC) No 45/2001 of the European Parliament and the Council of 18 December 2000 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data by the Community institutions and bodies and on the free movement of such data (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2001:008:TOC" >OJ L 8, 12.1.2001, p. 1</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr4-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0004" href="#ntc4-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0004" >(<span class="oj-super">4</span>)</a> Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2016:119:TOC" >OJ L 119, 4.5.2016, p. 1</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr5-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0005" href="#ntc5-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0005" >(<span class="oj-super">5</span>)</a> Directive (EU) 2016/680 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by competent authorities for the purposes of the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties, and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Council Framework Decision 2008/977/JHA (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2016:119:TOC" >OJ L 119, 4.5.2016, p. 89</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr6-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0006" href="#ntc6-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0006" >(<span class="oj-super">6</span>)</a> Council Directive 93/13/EEC of 5 April 1993 on unfair terms in consumer contracts (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:1993:095:TOC" >OJ L 95, 21.4.1993, p. 29</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr7-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0007" href="#ntc7-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0007" >(<span class="oj-super">7</span>)</a> Regulation (EC) No 1338/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on Community statistics on public health and health and safety at work (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2008:354:TOC" >OJ L 354, 31.12.2008, p. 70</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr8-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0008" href="#ntc8-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0008" >(<span class="oj-super">8</span>)</a> Directive 2002/58/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 July 2002 concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector (Directive on privacy and electronic communications) (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2002:201:TOC" >OJ L 201, 31.7.2002, p. 37</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr9-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0009" href="#ntc9-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0009" >(<span class="oj-super">9</span>)</a> Regulation (EC) No 1049/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2001 regarding public access to European Parliament, Council and Commission documents (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2001:145:TOC" >OJ L 145, 31.5.2001, p. 43</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr10-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0010" href="#ntc10-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0010" >(<span class="oj-super">10</span>)</a> <a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:1968:056:TOC" >OJ L 56, 4.3.1968, p. 1</a>.</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr11-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0011" href="#ntc11-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0011" >(<span class="oj-super">11</span>)</a> Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by Member States of the Commission’s exercise of implementing powers (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2011:055:TOC" >OJ L 55, 28.2.2011, p. 13</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr12-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0012" href="#ntc12-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0012" >(<span class="oj-super">12</span>)</a> Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2009 on European statistics and repealing Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1101/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the transmission of data subject to statistical confidentiality to the Statistical Office of the European Communities, Council Regulation (EC) No 322/97 on Community Statistics, and Council Decision 89/382/EEC, Euratom establishing a Committee on the Statistical Programmes of the European Communities (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2009:087:TOC" >OJ L 87, 31.3.2009, p. 164</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr13-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0013" href="#ntc13-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0013" >(<span class="oj-super">13</span>)</a> Decision No 1247/2002/EC of the European Parliament, of the Council and of the Commission of 1 July 2002 on the regulations and general conditions governing the performance of the European Data protection Supervisor’s duties (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2002:183:TOC" >OJ L 183, 12.7.2002, p. 1</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr14-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0014" href="#ntc14-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0014" >(<span class="oj-super">14</span>)</a> <a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:C:2017:164:TOC" >OJ C 164, 24.5.2017, p. 2</a>.</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr15-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0015" href="#ntc15-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0015" >(<span class="oj-super">15</span>)</a> Regulation (EU) 2016/794 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2016 on the European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation (Europol) and replacing and repealing Council Decisions 2009/371/JHA, 2009/934/JHA, 2009/935/JHA, 2009/936/JHA and 2009/968/JHA (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2016:135:TOC" >OJ L 135, 24.5.2016, p. 53</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr16-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0016" href="#ntc16-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0016" >(<span class="oj-super">16</span>)</a> Council Regulation (EU) 2017/1939 of 12 October 2017 implementing enhanced cooperation on the establishment of the European Public Prosecutor’s Office (‘the EPPO’) (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2017:283:TOC" >OJ L 283, 31.10.2017, p. 1</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr17-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0017" href="#ntc17-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0017" >(<span class="oj-super">17</span>)</a> Directive (EU) 2015/1535 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 September 2015 laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical regulations and of rules on Information Society services (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2015:241:TOC" >OJ L 241, 17.9.2015, p. 1</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr18-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0018" href="#ntc18-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0018" >(<span class="oj-super">18</span>)</a> Commission Directive 2008/63/EC of 20 June 2008 on competition in the markets in telecommunications terminal equipment (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2008:162:TOC" >OJ L 162, 21.6.2008, p. 20</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr19-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0019" href="#ntc19-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0019" >(<span class="oj-super">19</span>)</a> Council Decision 2009/917/JHA of 30 November 2009 on the use of information technology for customs purposes (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2009:323:TOC" >OJ L 323, 10.12.2009, p. 20</a>).</p> <p class="oj-note"> <a id="ntr20-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0020" href="#ntc20-L_2018295EN.01003901-E0020" >(<span class="oj-super">20</span>)</a> Decision 2014/886/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 December 2014 appointing the European Data Protection Supervisor and the Assistant Supervisor (<a href="./../../../legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=OJ:L:2014:351:TOC" >OJ L 351, 9.12.2014, p. 9</a>).</p> </div> <hr class="oj-doc-end"/> </div> <a class="linkToTop" href="#document1">Top</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { popUpWidget("./../../../", "en", "800"); 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