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Available in 67 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 хэлээр</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Openbare_Beskermer" title="Openbare Beskermer – африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Openbare Beskermer" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85" title="ديوان المظالم – араб" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ديوان المظالم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="араб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defensor_del_Pueblu" title="Defensor del Pueblu – астури" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Defensor del Pueblu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астури" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – азербайжан" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайжан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Омбудсман – беларусь" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Омбудсман" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларусь" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Омбудсман – болгар" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Омбудсман" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2" title="ন্যায়পাল – бенгал" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ন্যায়পাল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADndic_de_greuges" title="Síndic de greuges – каталан" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Síndic de greuges" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – чех" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чех" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombwdsmon" title="Ombwdsmon – уэльс" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ombwdsmon" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="уэльс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsmand" title="Ombudsmand – дани" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ombudsmand" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsmann" title="Ombudsmann – герман" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ombudsmann" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="герман" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AE%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B7_(%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1)" title="Συνήγορος του Πολίτη (Ελλάδα) – грек" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Συνήγορος του Πολίτη (Ελλάδα)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грек" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – англи" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsmano" title="Ombudsmano – эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ombudsmano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defensor_del_pueblo" title="Defensor del pueblo – испани" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Defensor del pueblo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%95igusvahemees" title="Õigusvahemees – эстони" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Õigusvahemees" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстони" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ararteko" title="Ararteko – баск" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ararteko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="آمبودزمان – перс" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آمبودزمان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="перс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiamies" title="Asiamies – фин" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Asiamies" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – франц" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франц" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defensor_do_pobo" title="Defensor do pobo – галего" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Defensor do pobo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галего" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%91_%D7%A7%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8" title="נציב קבילות הציבור – еврей" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נציב קבילות הציבור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="еврей" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अंबुड्समान – хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अंबुड्समान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pu%C4%8Dki_pravobranitelj" title="Pučki pravobranitelj – хорват" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pučki pravobranitelj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорват" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – мажар" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="мажар" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – индонези" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонези" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbo%C3%B0sma%C3%B0ur" title="Umboðsmaður – исланд" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Umboðsmaður" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difensore_civico" title="Difensore civico – итали" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Difensore civico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E3%82%BA%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3" title="オンブズマン – япон" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オンブズマン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="япон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Омбудсмен – казах" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Омбудсмен" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казах" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%B4%EB%B6%80%EC%A6%88%EB%A7%A8" title="옴부즈맨 – солонгос" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="옴부즈맨" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="солонгос" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%87%D1%8B" title="Акыйкатчы – киргиз" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Акыйкатчы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргиз" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamesolabeta" title="Diamesolabeta – латин" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Diamesolabeta" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsmann" title="Ombudsmann – люксембург" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ombudsmann" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембург" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsmenas" title="Ombudsmenas – литва" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ombudsmenas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ties%C4%ABbsargs" title="Tiesībsargs – латви" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tiesībsargs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латви" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Народен правобранител – македон" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Народен правобранител" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="ഓംബുഡ്സ്മാൻ – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഓംബുഡ്സ്മാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – малай" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="लोकपाल – балба" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="लोकपाल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="балба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – нидерланд" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерланд" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombud" title="Ombud – норвегийн букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ombud" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвегийн букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – папьяменто" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="папьяменто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – польш" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – португал" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Омбудсмен – орос" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Омбудсмен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="орос" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – хорватын серб" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="хорватын серб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%94%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="ඔම්බුස්ට්මන් – синхала" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඔම්බුස්ට්මන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="синхала" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verejn%C3%BD_ochranca_pr%C3%A1v" title="Verejný ochranca práv – словак" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Verejný ochranca práv" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словак" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varuh_%C4%8Dlovekovih_pravic" title="Varuh človekovih pravic – словени" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Varuh človekovih pravic" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словени" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avokati_i_Popullit" title="Avokati i Popullit – албани" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Avokati i Popullit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Омбудсман – серб" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Омбудсман" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="серб" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – швед" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="швед" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF" title="குறைகேள் அதிகாரி – тамил" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குறைகேள் அதிகாரி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамил" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Додовар – тажик" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Додовар" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="тажик" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9C%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="ผู้ตรวจการแผ่นดิน – тай" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ผู้ตรวจการแผ่นดิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanod-bayan" title="Tanod-bayan – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tanod-bayan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – турк" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Омбудсмен – украин" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Омбудсмен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – узбек" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбек" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman – вьетнам" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ombudsman" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B3%E8%AF%89%E4%B8%93%E5%91%98" title="申诉专员 – хятад, ву хэл" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="申诉专员" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="хятад, ву хэл" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B3%E8%A8%B4%E5%B0%88%E5%93%A1" title="申訴專員 – хятад" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="申訴專員" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="хятад" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B3%E8%A8%B4%E5%B0%88%E5%93%A1" title="申訴專員 – кантон" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="申訴專員" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантон" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q169180#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Өөр хэлтэй холбосныг засах" class="wbc-editpage">Холбоос засах</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Нэрний зайнууд"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Өгүүлсэн хуудас [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Өгүүлэл</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">хажуугийн цэсэнд шилжүүлэх</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">хумих</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Википедиа — Чөлөөт нэвтэрхий толь</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mn" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Ombudsman_sign.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Ombudsman_sign.jpg/220px-Ombudsman_sign.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Ombudsman_sign.jpg/330px-Ombudsman_sign.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Ombudsman_sign.jpg/440px-Ombudsman_sign.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="648" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Омбудсмен</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Скандинав">umboð</a>). Энэ үг анх <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Скандинав">Скандинаваас</a> гаралтай боловч анхны омбудсмен 2000 жилийн тэртээ Хятадын Хан улсын үед байсан гэдгийг судлаачид тогтоожээ. XIX зууны үед энэ ойлголтыг Скандинавын орнууд шинээр амилуулж, орчин үеийн хэлбэр төрхийг оруулсан байна. 1960 онд <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8D_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Шинэ Зеланд">Шинэ Зеландид</a> анхны омбудсменийг томилсон түүхтэй юм. Омбудсмен гэдэг бол төрийн урагшгүй удирдлагын тухай санал гомдлыг бие даан хүлээн авч судалдаг алба мөн. Энэ албаны ажлын үндсэн зорилго нь: 1. Дүрэм журам, заавар, хууль зэрэгт харшлах, тогтоосон журам, туршлагаас гажсан үйл ажиллагаа, шийдвэр нь шударга бус, үндэслэлгүй, алдаатай, бодлогогүй, эсвэл эрх мэдлээ хэтрүүлсэн, авилга өгсөн, албан тушаалаа шунахай зорилгоор ашигласан үйл ажиллагааг хянах, 2. Удирдах, албан үүргээ гүйцэтгэхэд анхааралгүй хандах, чирэгдэл учруулах, үл ойшоох, мэдлэггүй, үр дүнгүй, нийлэмжгүй байдал гаргах зэрэг үйлдлийг хянахад оршино. Олон оронд омбудсмений бүрэн эрх нь коррупци, хээл хахуулийг доод цэгт нь хүртэл буулгах зорилгоор засаг захиргааны тогтолцоог хянах, шалгах зэргээр хэрэгждэг. Орчин үед сэтгүүл зүйн практикт ч омбудсмен хэмээх ойлголтыг өргөн хэрэглэх болжээ. Энэ бол сэтгүүл зүйн нийтлэл, нэвтрүүлэгтэй холбоотой гомдол, маргааны хянан шалгаж, дүгнэлт гаргах зөвлөл (алба) гэсэн үг юм. Омбудсмен бол шүүгч биш, түүнд өөрийн шийдвэрийн биелэлтийг шүүн таслах журмаар шаардах эрх мэдэл байхгүй. Шүүгчийн гаргадаг шиг мөрдөгдөж буй хууль дээр үндэслэсэн албан тогтоол гаргадаггүй. Харин тодорхой хэргийн мөн чанарыг мөрдөн илрүүлсэн үр дүнгээрээ л дүгнэлт гаргадаг. Ердийн хууль ёсны түүхэн дэх анхны омбудсмен болох Ги Пауэлс: “нийгмийн энэхүү хууль заншил бол засаглалын хүчирхэг тогтолцоотой харилцахад нь иргэдэд туйлын ашигтай зүйлс учраас дэлхий дахинаа өргөн тархсан” гэж тэмдэглэсэн байдаг. Өнөөдөр омбудсмен гэдэг ухагдахуун олон орны Үндсэн хуулинд баталгаажсан байна. Нидерландын нэрт судлаач Дональд Роват (1965, 1985)-ын загвараар дэлхий дээр омбудсмэний хоёр загвар байдаг ажээ. Нэгдүгээр загвар нь Швед (1809 онд анх үүссэн)-Финландын (1919 онд анх байгуулагдсан) буюу “сонгодог омбудсмэн”-ий загвар гэж нэрлэгдэнэ. Сонгодог загварын омбудсмэн нь зөвхөн төрийн төв, хот, орон нутгийн засаг захиргаа төдийгүй, шүүхийн процедур, захиргааны асуудлуудыг хамарсан маш өргөн эрх үүрэгтэй. Тэрээр төрийн албан хаагчийг буруутай үйлдлийнх нь төлөө шийтгэх, шүүхэд шилжүүлж таслан шийтгэх шаардлагатай эсэхийг шийдэх эрхтэй байдаг ажээ. Хэдийгээр сонгодог загварын омбудсмэн энэ эрхээ жилд хуруу дарам удаа эдэлдэг ч энэ нь тус албаны сүр хүч, ард түмний дундах нэр хүндэд их нөлөөтэй байдаг байна. Хоёр дахь загвар нь Дани улсын загвар (1953 онд үүссэн) хэмээн нэрлэгдэх ба шүүх эрх мэдэлгүй, зөвхөн төрийн захиргааны асуудлууд дээр төвлөрч ажилладаг. Өөрөөр хэлбэл, төрийн удирдлагын үйл явц дахь дутагдал доголдолд голлон анхаарна. Дани улсын энэхүү загвар дэлхийд хамгийн өргөн тархжээ. Түүнчлэн омбудсмэний институцийг үйл ажиллагаагаа явуулж буй байдлаас нь хамааруулан: 1. Асуудлын мөрөөр арга хэмжээ авдаг 2. Асуудлыг урьдчилан харж арга хэмжээ авдаг гэж хуваах нь бий. Мөн нэг онцлог зүйл бол энэ төрлийн албад улс бүхэнд “омбудсмэн” гэсэн нэртэй байдаггүй. Омбудсмэн нь Их Британи болон англи хэлтэй өөр олон оронд “commissioner” Франц болон францаар яригч орнуудад “mediateur” ба “protecteur,” дийлэнх испани хэлтэй оронд “defensor” хэмээн нэрлэгддэг байна. Хэдийгээр омбудсмэний үүсэл 18-р зуунаас эхтэй боловч дэлхий дээр хамгийн эрчимтэй тархсан үе нь 1950-иад оноос хойш байдаг. Өнгөрөгч зууны сүүлийн хагас бол омбудсмэний институци зөвхөн тооны хувьд асар хурдацтай нэмэгдсэн төдий биш бас омбудсмэний үйл ажиллагааны зарчим, мөн чанар шинэ дэвшилтэт утга агуулгаар баяжсан үе юм. Омбудсмэн нь улс болгон өөр өөрийн онцлог ойлголт, агуулгыг агуулж байдаг, төрийн болон төрийн бус бүхий л хэвшилд, бүхий л эрх зүйн тогтолцоонд зохицож чаддаг өвөрмөц онцлогтой албан тушаал юм байна. Манай оронд омбудсмэний алба үгүй төдийгүй энэ албыг байгуулах талаар яриа хэлэлцүүлэг өдгөө л эхлэлийн буюу үр хөврөлийн шатандаа явагдаж байна. </p><p>Монголд ерээд оны эхээр нэгэн парламентын гишүүн энэ талаар санал хэлж байсан боловч Монголд тохиромжгүй алба гэсэн шалтгаар дэмжигдээгүй ажээ. Гэхдээ Монголын Хүний Эрхийн Үндэсний Комисс, Төрийн Хянан Шалгах Хороо болон бусад хүний эрхийн төрийн бус байгууллагуудын үйл ажиллагаанд омбудсмэний зарим үүрэг хариуцлага ажиглагдаж байдаг. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Омбудсмен&oldid=778397">https://mn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Омбудсмен&oldid=778397</a>"-с авсан</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:Categories" title="Тусгай:Categories">Ангилал</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%85_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ангилал:Нийгмийн шинжлэх ухаан">Нийгмийн шинжлэх ухаан</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Энэ хуудсыг хамгийн сүүлд өөрчилсөн нь 17:14, 21 Тавдугаар сар 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Тус хуудасны текстийг <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike лицензийн</a> дагуу ашиглах боломжтой; 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