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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cross-cultural_differences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cross-cultural_differences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Cross-cultural differences</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cross-cultural_differences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Onomatopoeic_effect_without_onomatopoeic_words" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Onomatopoeic_effect_without_onomatopoeic_words"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Onomatopoeic effect without onomatopoeic words</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Onomatopoeic_effect_without_onomatopoeic_words-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comics_and_advertising" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comics_and_advertising"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Comics and advertising</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Comics_and_advertising-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Comics and advertising subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Comics_and_advertising-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Manner_imitation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manner_imitation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Manner imitation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manner_imitation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples_in_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples_in_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Examples in media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples_in_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cross-linguistic_examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cross-linguistic_examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Cross-linguistic examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cross-linguistic_examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_linguistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_linguistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>In linguistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_linguistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evolution_of_language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolution_of_language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Evolution of language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolution_of_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_in_early_language_acquisition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_in_early_language_acquisition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Role in early language acquisition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_in_early_language_acquisition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_other_languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_other_languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>In other languages</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_other_languages-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In other languages subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_other_languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Japanese" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japanese"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Japanese</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japanese-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hebrew" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hebrew"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Hebrew</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hebrew-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Malay</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Malay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arabic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arabic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Arabic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arabic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Albanian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Albanian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Albanian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Albanian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hindi-Urdu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hindi-Urdu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.6</span> <span>Hindi-Urdu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hindi-Urdu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>General references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 69 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopee" title="Onomatopee – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Onomatopee" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="محاكاة صوتية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محاكاة صوتية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeya" title="Onomatopeya – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Onomatopeya" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeya" title="Onomatopeya – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Onomatopeya" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Ономатопея – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ономатопея" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trouzadell" title="Trouzadell – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Trouzadell" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeia" title="Onomatopeia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Onomatopeia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopoie" title="Onomatopoie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Onomatopoie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopoeia" title="Onomatopoeia – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Onomatopoeia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopoesie" title="Onomatopoesie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Onomatopoesie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatop%C3%B6a" title="Onomatopöa – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Onomatopöa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeya" title="Onomatopeya – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Onomatopeya" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeo" title="Onomatopeo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Onomatopeo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeia" title="Onomatopeia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Onomatopeia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%A7" title="نام‌آوا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نام‌آوا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatop%C3%A9e" title="Onomatopée – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Onomatopée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuaimfhocail" title="Fuaimfhocail – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fuaimfhocail" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopea" title="Onomatopea – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Onomatopea" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%98%EC%84%B1%EC%96%B4" title="의성어 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="의성어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95" title="स्वनानुकरणात्मक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्वनानुकरणात्मक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeja" title="Onomatopeja – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Onomatopeja" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeo" title="Onomatopeo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Onomatopeo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatope" title="Onomatope – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Onomatope" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeia" title="Onomatopeia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Onomatopeia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopea" title="Onomatopea – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Onomatopea" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%94" title="אונומטופיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אונומטופיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatop%C3%A9" title="Onomatopé – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Onomatopé" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%90" title="ონომატოპეა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ონომატოპეა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%83_%D1%81%D3%A9%D0%B7" title="Еліктеу сөз – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Еліктеу сөз" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanakali" title="Tanakali – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tanakali" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D1%81%D3%A9%D0%B7" title="Тууранды сөз – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Тууранды сөз" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopoeia" title="Onomatopoeia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Onomatopoeia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeja" title="Onomatopeja – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Onomatopeja" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopee" title="Onomatopee – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Onomatopee" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatop%C4%97ja" title="Onomatopėja – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Onomatopėja" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopee" title="Onomatopee – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Onomatopee" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopea" title="Onomatopea – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Onomatopea" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangut%C3%A1nz%C3%B3_sz%C3%B3" title="Hangutánzó szó – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hangutánzó szó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Ономатопеја – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ономатопеја" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="ഒനോമറ്റോപ്പിയ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഒനോമറ്റോപ്പിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopoeia" title="Onomatopoeia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Onomatopoeia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopee" title="Onomatopee – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Onomatopee" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopee" title="Onomatopee – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Onomatopee" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%93%AC%E5%A3%B0%E8%AA%9E" title="擬声語 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="擬声語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatop%C3%A8ia" title="Onomatopèia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Onomatopèia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taqlid_so%CA%BBzlar" title="Taqlid soʻzlar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Taqlid soʻzlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%96%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%87" title="ږغیزه تسمیه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ږغیزه تسمیه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeja" title="Onomatopeja – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Onomatopeja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeia" title="Onomatopeia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Onomatopeia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopee" title="Onomatopee – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Onomatopee" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Ономатопея – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ономатопея" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Ономатопея – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ономатопея" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeja" title="Onomatopeja – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Onomatopeja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unumatupea" title="Unumatupea – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Unumatupea" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopoeia" title="Onomatopoeia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Onomatopoeia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeja" title="Onomatopeja – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Onomatopeja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Ономатопеја – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ономатопеја" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopeja" title="Onomatopeja – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Onomatopeja" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatope" title="Onomatope – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Onomatope" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopoeettinen" title="Onomatopoeettinen – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Onomatopoeettinen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C" title="สัทพจน์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สัทพจน์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yans%C4%B1ma_(dilbilgisi)" title="Yansıma (dilbilgisi) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yansıma (dilbilgisi)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Ономатопея – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ономатопея" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AA" title="اسم صوت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اسم صوت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%AB_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_thanh" title="Từ tượng thanh – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Từ tượng thanh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopoeia" title="Onomatopoeia – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Onomatopoeia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%9F%E5%A3%B0%E8%AF%8D" title="拟声词 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="拟声词" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E8%81%B2%E8%A9%9E" title="象聲詞 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="象聲詞" 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Words that imitate the sound they describe</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the category of words. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Onomatopoeia_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Onomatopoeia (disambiguation)">Onomatopoeia (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clocks_no_tic_tac.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Clocks_no_tic_tac.JPG/220px-Clocks_no_tic_tac.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Clocks_no_tic_tac.JPG/330px-Clocks_no_tic_tac.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Clocks_no_tic_tac.JPG/440px-Clocks_no_tic_tac.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>A sign in a shop window in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> proclaims these silent clocks make "No <i>Tic Tac</i>", in imitation of the sound of a clock.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Onomatopoeia</b> (or rarely <b>echoism</b>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a type of word, or the process of creating a word, that <a href="/wiki/Phonetics" title="Phonetics">phonetically</a> imitates, resembles, or suggests the sound that it describes. Common onomatopoeias in English include animal noises such as <a href="/wiki/Oink_(sound)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oink (sound)"><i>oink</i></a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Meow" title="Meow">meow</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Roar" title="Roar">roar</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Bird_vocalization" title="Bird vocalization">chirp</a></i>. Onomatopoeia can differ by language: it conforms to some extent to the broader <a href="/wiki/Natural_language" title="Natural language">linguistic</a> system.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hence, the sound of a clock may be expressed variously across languages: as <i><span title="English-language text"><span lang="en">tick tock</span></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">tic tac</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> (in both languages "tac" is pronounced like the English "tock"), see photo, <span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh">dī dā</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Mandarin</a>, <span title="Japanese-language text"><i lang="ja">kachi kachi</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>, or <span title="Hindi-language text"><i lang="hi">ṭik-ṭik</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology_and_terminology">Etymology and terminology</h2></div> <p>The word <i>onomatopoeia</i>, with rarer spelling variants like <i>onomatopeia</i> and <i>onomatopœia</i>, is an English word from the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a> compound ὀνοματοποιία, <i>onomatopoiía</i>, meaning 'name-making', composed of ὄνομα, <i>ónoma</i>, meaning "name";<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and ποιέω, <i>poiéō</i>, meaning "making".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is pronounced <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span>-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span></span>-/</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/3a\/En-us-onomatopoeia.ogg\/En-us-onomatopoeia.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-onomatopoeia.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/En-us-onomatopoeia.ogg/En-us-onomatopoeia.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-onomatopoeia.ogg" title="File:En-us-onomatopoeia.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Words that imitate sounds can thus be said to be <b>onomatopoeic</b>, <b>onomatopoetic</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>imitiative</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>echoic</b>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_animal_sounds" title="List of animal sounds">List of animal sounds</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kircher-musurgia-bird-song,_chicken.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Kircher-musurgia-bird-song%2C_chicken.jpg/220px-Kircher-musurgia-bird-song%2C_chicken.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Kircher-musurgia-bird-song%2C_chicken.jpg/330px-Kircher-musurgia-bird-song%2C_chicken.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Kircher-musurgia-bird-song%2C_chicken.jpg/440px-Kircher-musurgia-bird-song%2C_chicken.jpg 2x" data-file-width="662" data-file-height="609" /></a><figcaption>According to <i><a href="/wiki/Musurgia_Universalis" title="Musurgia Universalis">Musurgia Universalis</a></i> (1650), the hen makes "to to too", while chicks make "glo glo glo".</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Noveltyitems.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Noveltyitems.JPG/220px-Noveltyitems.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Noveltyitems.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="267" data-file-height="167" /></a><figcaption>A bang flag gun, a <a href="/wiki/Novelty_item" title="Novelty item">novelty item</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the case of a frog croaking, the spelling may vary because different frog species around the world make different sounds: <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc">brekekekex koax koax</i></span> (only in <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a>' comic play <i><a href="/wiki/The_Frogs" title="The Frogs">The Frogs</a></i>) probably for <a href="/wiki/Marsh_frog" title="Marsh frog">marsh frogs</a>; English <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ribbit" class="extiw" title="wikt:ribbit">ribbit</a></i> for species of frog found in North America; English verb <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/croak" class="extiw" title="wikt:croak">croak</a></i> for the <a href="/wiki/Common_frog" title="Common frog">common frog</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some other very common English-language examples are <i><a href="/wiki/Hiccup" title="Hiccup">hiccup</a></i>, <i>zoom</i>, <i>bang</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Beep_(sound)" title="Beep (sound)">beep</a></i>, <i>moo</i>, and <i>splash</i>. Machines and their sounds are also often described with onomatopoeia: <i>honk</i> or <i>beep-beep</i> for the horn of an automobile, and <i>vroom</i> or <i>brum</i> for the engine. In speaking of a mishap involving an audible <a href="/wiki/Electric_arc" title="Electric arc">arcing</a> of electricity, the word <i>zap</i> is often used (and its use has been extended to describe non-auditory effects of interference). </p><p>Human sounds sometimes provide instances of onomatopoeia, as when <i><a href="/wiki/Mwah" class="mw-redirect" title="Mwah">mwah</a></i> is used to represent a kiss.<sup id="cite_ref-mwah_ocford_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mwah_ocford-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For animal sounds, words like <i><a href="/wiki/Quack_(sound)#Communication" class="mw-redirect" title="Quack (sound)">quack</a></i> (duck), <i>moo</i> (cow), <i><a href="/wiki/Bark_(utterance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bark (utterance)">bark</a></i> or <i>woof</i> (dog), <i><a href="/wiki/Roar_(utterance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roar (utterance)">roar</a></i> (lion), <i><a href="/wiki/Meow" title="Meow">meow</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Miaow" class="mw-redirect" title="Miaow">miaow</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Purr" title="Purr">purr</a></i> (cat), <i>cluck</i> (chicken) and <i>baa</i> (sheep) are typically used in English (both as nouns and as verbs). </p><p>Some languages flexibly integrate onomatopoeic words into their structure. This may evolve into a new word, up to the point that the process is no longer recognized as onomatopoeia. One example is the English word <i>bleat</i> for sheep noise: in <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">medieval</a> times it was pronounced approximately as <i>blairt</i> (but without an R-component), or <i>blet</i> with the vowel drawled, which more closely resembles a sheep noise than the modern pronunciation. </p><p>An example of the opposite case is <i><a href="/wiki/Cuckoo" title="Cuckoo">cuckoo</a></i>, which, due to continuous familiarity with the bird noise down the centuries, has kept approximately the same pronunciation as in <a href="/wiki/Old_English_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Old English language">Anglo-Saxon</a> times and its vowels have not changed as they have in the word <i>furrow</i>. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Verbum_dicendi" title="Verbum dicendi">Verba dicendi</a></i> ('words of saying') are a method of integrating onomatopoeic words and <a href="/wiki/Ideophone" title="Ideophone">ideophones</a> into grammar. </p><p>Sometimes, things are named from the sounds they make. In English, for example, there is the universal fastener which is named for the sound it makes: the <a href="/wiki/Zipper" title="Zipper">zip</a> (in the UK) or <a href="/wiki/Zipper" title="Zipper">zipper</a> (in the U.S.) Many birds are named after their calls, such as the <a href="/wiki/Bobwhite_quail" class="mw-redirect" title="Bobwhite quail">bobwhite quail</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Weero" class="mw-redirect" title="Weero">weero</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Morepork" title="Morepork">morepork</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Killdeer" title="Killdeer">killdeer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chickadee" title="Chickadee">chickadees</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jay" title="Jay">jays</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Common_cuckoo" title="Common cuckoo">cuckoo</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Common_chiffchaff" title="Common chiffchaff">chiffchaff</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Whooping_crane" title="Whooping crane">whooping crane</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Whip-poor-will" class="mw-redirect" title="Whip-poor-will">whip-poor-will</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Kookaburra" title="Kookaburra">kookaburra</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a>, the word for <a href="/wiki/Crow" title="Crow">crow</a> is <span title="Malayalam-language text"><i lang="ml">kākā</i></span>. This practice is especially common in certain languages such as <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language" title="Māori language">Māori</a>, and so in names of animals borrowed from these languages. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cross-cultural_differences">Cross-cultural differences</h3></div> <p>Although a particular sound is heard similarly by people of different cultures, it is often expressed through the use of different phonetic strings in different languages. For example, the "<i>snip</i>"of a pair of scissors is <i><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">cri-cri</i></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Andersen_1998_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andersen_1998-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">riqui-riqui</i></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Andersen_1998_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andersen_1998-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">terre-terre</i></span></i><sup id="cite_ref-Andersen_1998_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andersen_1998-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i><span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">treque-treque</i></span></i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> in <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>, <i><span title="Greek-language romanization"><i lang="el-Latn">krits-krits</i></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/Modern_Greek" title="Modern Greek">modern</a> <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Andersen_1998_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Andersen_1998-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">cëk-cëk</i></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and <i><span title="Hindi-language romanization"><i lang="hi-Latn">kaṭr-kaṭr</i></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Similarly, the "<i>honk</i>" of a car's horn is <i><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">ba-ba</i></span></i> (<a href="/wiki/Han_characters" class="mw-redirect" title="Han characters">Han</a>: <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">叭叭</span></span>) in <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a>, <i><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">tut-tut</i></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>, <i><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">pu-pu</i></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>, <i><span title="Korean-language romanization"><i lang="ko-Latn">bbang-bbang</i></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a>, <i><span title="Norwegian-language text"><i lang="no">bært-bært</i></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_language" title="Norwegian language">Norwegian</a>, <i><span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">fom-fom</i></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> and <i><span title="Vietnamese-language romanization"><i lang="vi-Latn">bim-bim</i></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Onomatopoeic_effect_without_onomatopoeic_words">Onomatopoeic effect without onomatopoeic words</h3></div> <p>An onomatopoeic effect can also be produced in a phrase or word string with the help of <a href="/wiki/Alliteration" title="Alliteration">alliteration</a> and <a href="/wiki/Literary_consonance" title="Literary consonance">consonance</a> alone, without using any onomatopoeic words. The most famous example is the phrase <i>"furrow followed free"</i> in <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Samuel Taylor Coleridge</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rime_of_the_Ancient_Mariner" title="The Rime of the Ancient Mariner">The Rime of the Ancient Mariner</a></i>. The words "followed" and "free" are not onomatopoeic in themselves, but in conjunction with "furrow" they reproduce the sound of ripples following in the wake of a speeding ship. Similarly, alliteration has been used in the line <i>"as the surf surged up the sun swept shore<span class="nowrap"> </span>..."</i> to recreate the sound of breaking waves in the poem "I, She and the Sea". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comics_and_advertising">Comics and advertising</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CRAC_w.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/CRAC_w.jpg/220px-CRAC_w.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/CRAC_w.jpg/330px-CRAC_w.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/CRAC_w.jpg/440px-CRAC_w.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2206" data-file-height="1136" /></a><figcaption>A sound effect of breaking a door</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Comic_strip" title="Comic strip">Comic strips</a> and comic books make extensive use of onomatopoeia, often being visually integrated into the images, so that the drawing style emphasizes the sound. Popular culture historian Tim DeForest noted the impact of writer-artist <a href="/wiki/Roy_Crane" title="Roy Crane">Roy Crane</a> (1901–1977), the creator of <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Easy" title="Captain Easy">Captain Easy</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Buz_Sawyer" title="Buz Sawyer">Buz Sawyer</a></i>: </p> <dl><dd>It was Crane who pioneered the use of onomatopoeic sound effects in comics, adding "bam," "pow" and "wham" to what had previously been an almost entirely visual vocabulary. Crane had fun with this, tossing in an occasional "ker-splash" or "lickety-wop" along with what would become the more standard effects. Words as well as images became vehicles for carrying along his increasingly fast-paced storylines.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>In 2002, <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a> introduced a villain named <a href="/wiki/Onomatopoeia_(comics)" title="Onomatopoeia (comics)">Onomatopoeia</a>, an athlete, martial artist, and weapons expert, who is known to verbally speak sounds (<em>i.e.</em>, to voice onomatopoeic words such as "crash" and "snap" out loud to accompany the applicable event). </p><p>Advertising uses onomatopoeia for <a href="/wiki/Mnemonic" title="Mnemonic">mnemonic</a> purposes, so that consumers will remember their products, as in <a href="/wiki/Alka-Seltzer" title="Alka-Seltzer">Alka-Seltzer</a>'s "Plop, plop, fizz, fizz. Oh, what a relief it is!" jingle, recorded in two different versions (big band and rock) by <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Davis_Jr." title="Sammy Davis Jr.">Sammy Davis Jr.</a> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rice_Krispies" title="Rice Krispies">Rice Krispies</a> (known as <a href="/wiki/Rice_Bubbles" class="mw-redirect" title="Rice Bubbles">Rice Bubbles</a> in Australia) make a "snap, crackle, pop" when one pours on milk. During the 1930s, the illustrator <a href="/wiki/Vernon_Simeon_Plemion_Grant" title="Vernon Simeon Plemion Grant">Vernon Grant</a> developed <a href="/wiki/Snap,_Crackle_and_Pop" title="Snap, Crackle and Pop">Snap, Crackle and Pop</a> as gnome-like mascots for the <a href="/wiki/Kellogg_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Kellogg Company">Kellogg Company</a>. </p><p>Sounds appear in road safety advertisements: "clunk click, every trip" (click the seatbelt on after clunking the car door closed; UK campaign) or "click, clack, front and back" (click, clack of connecting the <a href="/wiki/Seat_belt" title="Seat belt">seat belts</a>; AU campaign) or "make it click" (click of the seatbelt; McDonalds campaign) or "click it or ticket" (click of the connecting seat belt, with the implied penalty of a traffic ticket for not using a seat belt; US DOT (Department of Transportation) campaign). </p><p>The sound of the container opening and closing gives <a href="/wiki/Tic_Tac" title="Tic Tac">Tic Tac</a> its name. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manner_imitation">Manner imitation</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ideophone" title="Ideophone">Ideophone</a></div> <p>In many of the world's languages, onomatopoeic-like words are used to describe phenomena beyond the purely auditive. Japanese often uses such words to describe feelings or figurative expressions about objects or concepts. For instance, Japanese <span title="Japanese-language text"><i lang="ja-Latn">barabara</i></span> is used to reflect an object's state of disarray or separation, and <span title="Japanese-language text"><i lang="ja-Latn">shiiin</i></span> is the onomatopoetic form of absolute silence (used at the time an English speaker might expect to hear the sound of <a href="/wiki/Cricket_(insect)" title="Cricket (insect)">crickets</a> chirping or a pin dropping in a silent room, or someone coughing). In Albanian, <span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">tartarec</i></span> is used to describe someone who is hasty. It is used in English as well with terms like <i><a href="/wiki/Bling" class="mw-redirect" title="Bling">bling</a></i>, which describes the glinting of light on things like gold, chrome or precious stones. In Japanese, <span title="Japanese-language text"><i lang="ja-Latn">kirakira</i></span> is used for glittery things. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples_in_media">Examples in media</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(novel)" title="Ulysses (novel)">Ulysses</a></i> (1922) coined the onomatopoeic <i>tattarrattat</i> for a knock on the door.<sup id="cite_ref-Joyce1982_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Joyce1982-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is listed as the longest <a href="/wiki/Palindromic" class="mw-redirect" title="Palindromic">palindromic</a> word in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Oxford_English_Dictionary" class="mw-redirect" title="The Oxford English Dictionary">The Oxford English Dictionary</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Booty2002_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Booty2002-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Whaam!" title="Whaam!">Whaam!</a></i> (1963) by <a href="/wiki/Roy_Lichtenstein" title="Roy Lichtenstein">Roy Lichtenstein</a> is an early example of <a href="/wiki/Pop_art" title="Pop art">pop art</a>, featuring a reproduction of comic book art that depicts a fighter aircraft striking another with rockets with dazzling red and yellow explosions.</li> <li>In the 1960s TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Batman_(TV_series)" title="Batman (TV series)">Batman</a></i>, comic book style onomatopoeic words such as <i>wham!</i>, <i>pow!</i>, <i>biff!</i>, <i>crunch!</i> and <i>zounds!</i> appear onscreen during fight scenes.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubisoft" title="Ubisoft">Ubisoft</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/XIII_(video_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="XIII (video game)">XIII</a></i> employed the use of comic book onomatopoeic words such as <i>bam!</i>, <i>boom!</i> and <i>noooo!</i> during gameplay for gunshots, explosions and kills, respectively. The comic-book style is apparent throughout the game and is a core theme, and the game is an adaptation of <a href="/wiki/XIII_(comics)" title="XIII (comics)">a comic book of the same name</a>.</li> <li>The chorus of American popular songwriter <a href="/wiki/John_Prine" title="John Prine">John Prine</a>'s song "Onomatopoeia" incorporates onomatopoeic words: "Bang! went the pistol", "Crash! went the window", "Ouch! went the son of a gun".</li> <li>The marble game <a href="/wiki/KerPlunk_(game)" class="mw-redirect" title="KerPlunk (game)">KerPlunk</a> has an onomatopoeic word for a title, from the sound of <a href="/wiki/Marbles" class="mw-redirect" title="Marbles">marbles</a> dropping when one too many sticks has been removed.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Nickelodeon" title="Nickelodeon">Nickelodeon</a> cartoon's title <i><a href="/wiki/KaBlam!" title="KaBlam!">KaBlam!</a></i> is implied to be onomatopoeic to a crash.</li> <li>Each <a href="/wiki/List_of_Harper%27s_Island_episodes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Harper's Island episodes">episode</a> of the TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Harper%27s_Island" title="Harper's Island">Harper's Island</a></i> is given an onomatopoeic name which imitates the sound made in that episode when a character dies. For example, in the episode titled <i>"Bang"</i> a character is shot and fatally wounded, with the "Bang" mimicking the sound of the gunshot.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mad_(magazine)" title="Mad (magazine)">Mad</a></i> Magazine cartoonist <a href="/wiki/Don_Martin_(cartoonist)" title="Don Martin (cartoonist)">Don Martin</a>, already popular for his exaggerated artwork, often employed creative comic-book style onomatopoeic sound effects in his drawings (for example, <i>thwizzit</i> is the sound of a sheet of paper being yanked from a typewriter). Fans have compiled <i>The Don Martin Dictionary</i>, cataloging each sound and its meaning.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cross-linguistic_examples">Cross-linguistic examples</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cross-linguistic_onomatopoeias" title="Cross-linguistic onomatopoeias">Cross-linguistic onomatopoeias</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_linguistics">In linguistics</h2></div> <p>A key component of language is its arbitrariness and what a word can represent,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (May 2017)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> as a word is a sound created by humans with attached meaning to said sound.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is not possible to determine the meaning of a word purely by how it sounds. However, in onomatopoeic words, these sounds are much less arbitrary; they are connected in their imitation of other objects or sounds in nature. Vocal sounds in the imitation of natural sounds does not necessarily gain meaning, but can gain symbolic meaning.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (May 2017)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An example of this <a href="/wiki/Sound_symbolism" title="Sound symbolism">sound symbolism</a> in the English language is the use of words starting with <i>sn-</i>. Some of these words symbolize concepts related to the nose (<i>sneeze</i>, <i>snot</i>, <i>snore</i>). This does not mean that all words with that sound relate to the nose, but at some level we recognize a sort of symbolism associated with the sound itself. Onomatopoeia, while a facet of language, is also in a sense outside of the confines of language.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In linguistics, onomatopoeia is described as the connection, or symbolism, of a sound that is interpreted and reproduced within the context of a language, usually out of mimicry of a sound.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a figure of speech, in a sense. Considered a vague term on its own, there are a few varying defining factors in classifying onomatopoeia. In one manner, it is defined simply as the imitation of some kind of non-vocal sound using the vocal sounds of a language, like the hum of a bee being imitated with a "buzz" sound. In another sense, it is described as the phenomena of making a new word entirely. </p><p>Onomatopoeia works in the sense of symbolizing an idea in a phonological context, not necessarily constituting a direct meaningful word in the process.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The symbolic properties of a sound in a word, or a <a href="/wiki/Phoneme" title="Phoneme">phoneme</a>, is related to a sound in an environment, and are restricted in part by a language's own phonetic inventory, hence why many languages can have distinct onomatopoeia for the same natural sound. Depending on a language's connection to a sound's meaning, that language's onomatopoeia inventory can differ proportionally. For example, a language like English generally holds little symbolic representation when it comes to sounds, which is the reason English tends to have a smaller representation of sound mimicry than a language like Japanese, which overall has a much higher amount of symbolism related to the sounds of the language. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolution_of_language">Evolution of language</h2></div> <p>In ancient Greek philosophy, onomatopoeia was used as evidence for how natural a language was: it was theorized that language itself was derived from natural sounds in the world around us. Symbolism in sounds was seen as deriving from this.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some linguists hold that onomatopoeia may have been the first form of human language.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role_in_early_language_acquisition">Role in early language acquisition</h2></div> <p>When first exposed to sound and communication, humans are biologically inclined to mimic the sounds they hear, whether they are actual pieces of language or other natural sounds.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early on in development, an infant will vary his/her utterances between sounds that are well established within the phonetic range of the language(s) most heavily spoken in their environment, which may be called "tame" onomatopoeia, and the full range of sounds that the vocal tract can produce, or "wild" onomatopoeia.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As one begins to acquire one's first language, the proportion of "wild" onomatopoeia reduces in favor of sounds which are congruent with those of the language they are acquiring. </p><p>During the native language acquisition period, it has been documented that infants may react strongly to the more wild-speech features to which they are exposed, compared to more tame and familiar speech features. But the results of such tests are inconclusive. </p><p>In the context of language acquisition, sound symbolism has been shown to play an important role.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The association of foreign words to subjects and how they relate to general objects, such as the association of the words <a href="/wiki/Bouba/kiki_effect" title="Bouba/kiki effect">takete and baluma</a> with either a round or angular shape, has been tested to see how languages symbolize sounds. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_other_languages">In other languages</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japanese">Japanese</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Japanese_sound_symbolism" title="Japanese sound symbolism">Japanese sound symbolism</a></div> <p>The Japanese language has a large inventory of ideophone words that are symbolic sounds. These are used in contexts ranging from day-to-day conversation to serious news.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These words fall into four categories: </p> <ul><li><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Giseigo</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">擬声語</span></span>)</span>: mimics sounds made by living things including humans. (e.g. <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">wan-wan</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"></span> for a dog's bark)</li> <li><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Giongo</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">擬音語</span></span>)</span>: mimics sounds in nature made by inanimate objects. (e.g. <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">zā-zā</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"></span> for heavy rainfall)</li> <li><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Gitaigo</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">擬態語</span></span>)</span>: describes states of the non-auditory external world. (e.g. <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">bisho-bisho</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"></span> for being soaking wet)</li> <li><span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Gijōgo</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">擬情語</span></span>)</span>: describes psychological states or bodily feelings. (e.g. <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">kuta-kuta</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"></span> for being exhausted)</li></ul> <p>The two former correspond directly to the concept of onomatopoeia, while the two latter are similar to onomatopoeia in that they are intended to represent a concept mimetically and performatively rather than referentially, but different from onomatopoeia in that they aren't just imitative of sounds. For example, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">shiinto</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"></span> represents something being silent, just as how an anglophone might say "clatter, crash, bang!" to represent something being noisy. That "representative" or "performative" aspect is the similarity to onomatopoeia. </p><p>Sometimes Japanese onomatopoeia produces <a href="/wiki/Reduplication" title="Reduplication">reduplicated</a> words.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hebrew">Hebrew</h3></div> <p>As in Japanese, onomatopoeia in Hebrew sometimes produces reduplicated verbs:<sup id="cite_ref-language_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-language-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 208">: 208 </span></sup> </p> <ul><li><ul><li><span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">שקשק</span></span> <span title="Hebrew-language text"><i lang="he">shikshék</i></span> "to make noise, rustle".<sup id="cite_ref-language_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-language-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 207">: 207 </span></sup></li> <li><span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">רשרש</span></span> <span title="Hebrew-language text"><i lang="he">rishrésh</i></span> "to make noise, rustle".<sup id="cite_ref-language_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-language-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 208">: 208 </span></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Malay">Malay</h3></div> <p>There is a documented correlation within the <a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay language</a> of onomatopoeia that begin with the sound bu- and the implication of something that is rounded, as well as with the sound of -lok within a word conveying curvature in such words like <span title="Malay (macrolanguage)-language text"><i lang="ms">lok</i></span>, <span title="Malay (macrolanguage)-language text"><i lang="ms">kelok</i></span> and <span title="Malay (macrolanguage)-language text"><i lang="ms">telok</i></span> ('locomotive', 'cove', and 'curve' respectively).<sup id="cite_ref-:6_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arabic">Arabic</h3></div> <p>The Qur'an, written in Arabic, documents instances of onomatopoeia.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of about 77,701 words, there are nine words that are onomatopoeic: three are animal sounds (e.g., <i>mooing</i>), two are sounds of nature (e.g., <i>thunder</i>), and four that are human sounds (e.g., <i>whisper</i> or <i>groan</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Albanian">Albanian</h3></div> <p>There is wide array of objects and animals in the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian language</a> that have been named after the sound they produce. Such onomatopoeic words are <span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">shkrepse</i></span> (matches), named after the distinct sound of friction and ignition of the match head; <span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">take-tuke</i></span> (ashtray) mimicking the sound it makes when placed on a table; <span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">shi</i></span> (rain) resembling the continuous sound of pouring rain; <span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">kukumjaçkë</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Little_owl" title="Little owl">Little owl</a>) after its "cuckoo" hoot; <span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">furçë</i></span> (brush) for its rustling sound; <span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">shapka</i></span> (slippers and flip-flops); <span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">pordhë</i></span> (loud flatulence) and <span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">fëndë</i></span> (silent flatulence). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hindi-Urdu">Hindi-Urdu</h3></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a>, onomatopoeic words like <span title="Hindi-language text"><i lang="hi">bak-bak, cūr-cūr</i></span> are used to indicate silly talk. Other examples of onomatopoeic words being used to represent actions are <span title="Hindi-language text"><i lang="hi">phaṭāphaṭ</i></span> (to do something fast), <span title="Urdu-language text"><i lang="ur">dhak-dhak</i></span> (to represent fear with the sound of fast beating heart), <span title="Urdu-language text"><i lang="ur">ṭip-ṭip</i></span> (to signify a leaky tap) etc. Movement of animals or objects is also sometimes represented with onomatopoeic words like <span title="Hindi-language text"><i lang="hi">bhin-bhin</i></span> (for a housefly) and <span title="Hindi-language text"><i lang="hi">sar-sarāhat</i></span> (the sound of a cloth being dragged on or off a piece of furniture). <span title="Hindi-language text"><i lang="hi">khusr-phusr</i></span> refers to whispering. <span title="Hindi-language text"><i lang="hi">bhaunk</i></span> means bark. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anguish_Languish" title="Anguish Languish">Anguish Languish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_sound_symbolism" title="Japanese sound symbolism">Japanese sound symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_animal_sounds" title="List of animal sounds">List of animal sounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_onomatopoeias" title="List of onomatopoeias">List of onomatopoeias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_mimesis_in_various_cultures" title="Sound mimesis in various cultures">Sound mimesis in various cultures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_symbolism" title="Sound symbolism">Sound symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocal_learning" title="Vocal learning">Vocal learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warblish" title="Warblish">Warblish</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/echoism">"Definition of ECHOISM"</a>. <i>www.merriam-webster.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.merriam-webster.com&rft.atitle=Definition+of+ECHOISM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fechoism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://muse.jhu.edu/login?auth=0&type=summary&url=/journals/new_literary_history/v027/27.3bredin.html">Onomatopoeia as a Figure and a Linguistic Principle</a>, Hugh Bredin, The Johns Hopkins University, Retrieved November 14, 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://literarydevices.net/onomatopoeia/">Definition of Onomatopoeia</a>, Retrieved November 14, 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Do%29%2Fnoma">ὄνομα</a>, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, <i>A Greek-English Lexicon</i>, on Perseus</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dpoie%2Fw">ποιέω</a>, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, <i>A Greek-English Lexicon</i>, on Perseus</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Do%29nomatopoii%2Fa">ὀνοματοποιία</a>, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, <i>A Greek-English Lexicon</i>, on Perseus</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWells2008" class="citation cs2">Wells, John C. 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McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780786419029" title="Special:BookSources/9780786419029"><bdi>9780786419029</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Storytelling+in+the+Pulps%2C+Comics%2C+and+Radio%3A+How+Technology+Changed+Popular+Fiction+in+America&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780786419029&rft.aulast=DeForest&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1xAXWwYchscC%26q%3D%2522wash%2Btubbs%2522%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Joyce1982-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Joyce1982_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_Joyce1982" class="citation book cs1">James Joyce (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VZdOUXIOBhwC&pg=PT434"><i>Ulysses</i></a>. Editions Artisan Devereaux. pp. 434–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-936694-38-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-936694-38-9"><bdi>978-1-936694-38-9</bdi></a>. <q>... I was just beginning to yawn with nerves thinking he was trying to make a fool of me when I knew his tattarrattat at the door he must<span class="nowrap"> </span>...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ulysses&rft.pages=434-&rft.pub=Editions+Artisan+Devereaux&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-1-936694-38-9&rft.au=James+Joyce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVZdOUXIOBhwC%26pg%3DPT434&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Booty2002-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Booty2002_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO.A._Booty2002" class="citation book cs1">O.A. Booty (January 1, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PVcHzENuAnMC&pg=PT203"><i>Funny Side of English</i></a>. Pustak Mahal. pp. 203–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-223-0799-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-223-0799-3"><bdi>978-81-223-0799-3</bdi></a>. <q>The longest palindromic word in English has twelve letters: tattarrattat. This word, appearing in the <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a>, was invented by <a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">James Joyce</a> and used in his book <i><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(novel)" title="Ulysses (novel)">Ulysses</a></i> (1922), and is an imitation of the sound of someone [farting].</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Funny+Side+of+English&rft.pages=203-&rft.pub=Pustak+Mahal&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.isbn=978-81-223-0799-3&rft.au=O.A.+Booty&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPVcHzENuAnMC%26pg%3DPT203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAssaneoNicholsTrevisan2011" class="citation journal cs1">Assaneo, María Florencia; Nichols, Juan Ignacio; Trevisan, Marcos Alberto (January 1, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3237459">"The anatomy of onomatopoeia"</a>. <i>PLOS ONE</i>. <b>6</b> (12): e28317. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011PLoSO...628317A">2011PLoSO...628317A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0028317">10.1371/journal.pone.0028317</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1932-6203">1932-6203</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3237459">3237459</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22194825">22194825</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=The+anatomy+of+onomatopoeia&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=e28317&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3237459%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2011PLoSO...628317A&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22194825&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0028317&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.aulast=Assaneo&rft.aufirst=Mar%C3%ADa+Florencia&rft.au=Nichols%2C+Juan+Ignacio&rft.au=Trevisan%2C+Marcos+Alberto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3237459&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRHODES1994" class="citation journal cs1">RHODES, R (1994). "Aural Images". <i>In J. Ohala, L. Hinton & J. Nichols (Eds.) Sound Symbolism. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=In+J.+Ohala%2C+L.+Hinton+%26+J.+Nichols+%28Eds.%29+Sound+Symbolism.+Cambridge%2C+UK%3A+Cambridge+University+Press&rft.atitle=Aural+Images&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=RHODES&rft.aufirst=R&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeyediBaghoojari2013" class="citation journal cs1">Seyedi, Hosein; Baghoojari, ELham Akhlaghi (May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://languageinindia.com/may2013/elhamonomatopoeiafinal.pdf">"The Study of Onomatopoeia in the Muslims' Holy Write: Qur'an"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Language in India</i>. <b>13</b> (5): 16–24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Language+in+India&rft.atitle=The+Study+of+Onomatopoeia+in+the+Muslims%27+Holy+Write%3A+Qur%27an&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=16-24&rft.date=2013-05&rft.aulast=Seyedi&rft.aufirst=Hosein&rft.au=Baghoojari%2C+ELham+Akhlaghi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flanguageinindia.com%2Fmay2013%2Felhamonomatopoeiafinal.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBredin1996" class="citation journal cs1">Bredin, Hugh (August 1, 1996). "Onomatopoeia as a Figure and a Linguistic Principle". <i>New Literary History</i>. <b>27</b> (3): 555–569. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fnlh.1996.0031">10.1353/nlh.1996.0031</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1080-661X">1080-661X</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143481219">143481219</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Literary+History&rft.atitle=Onomatopoeia+as+a+Figure+and+a+Linguistic+Principle&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=555-569&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143481219%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1080-661X&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fnlh.1996.0031&rft.aulast=Bredin&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaing2014" class="citation journal cs1">Laing, C. E. (September 15, 2014). "A phonological analysis of onomatopoeia in early word production". <i>First Language</i>. <b>34</b> (5): 387–405. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0142723714550110">10.1177/0142723714550110</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:147624168">147624168</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=First+Language&rft.atitle=A+phonological+analysis+of+onomatopoeia+in+early+word+production&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=387-405&rft.date=2014-09-15&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0142723714550110&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A147624168%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Laing&rft.aufirst=C.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOsaka1990" class="citation journal cs1">Osaka, Naoyuki (1990). "Multidimensional Analysis of Onomatopoeia – A note to make sensory scale from word". <i>Studia phonologica</i>. <b>24</b>: 25–33. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2433%2F52479">2433/52479</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/NAID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="NAID (identifier)">NAID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/120000892973/en/">120000892973</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studia+phonologica&rft.atitle=Multidimensional+Analysis+of+Onomatopoeia+%E2%80%93+A+note+to+make+sensory+scale+from+word&rft.volume=24&rft.pages=25-33&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2433%2F52479&rft.aulast=Osaka&rft.aufirst=Naoyuki&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:5_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAssaneoNicholsTrevisan2011" class="citation journal cs1">Assaneo, María Florencia; Nichols, Juan Ignacio; Trevisan, Marcos Alberto (December 14, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3237459">"The Anatomy of Onomatopoeia"</a>. <i>PLOS ONE</i>. <b>6</b> (12): e28317. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011PLoSO...628317A">2011PLoSO...628317A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0028317">10.1371/journal.pone.0028317</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1932-6203">1932-6203</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3237459">3237459</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22194825">22194825</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=The+Anatomy+of+Onomatopoeia&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=e28317&rft.date=2011-12-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3237459%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2011PLoSO...628317A&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22194825&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0028317&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.aulast=Assaneo&rft.aufirst=Mar%C3%ADa+Florencia&rft.au=Nichols%2C+Juan+Ignacio&rft.au=Trevisan%2C+Marcos+Alberto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3237459&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Inose, Hiroko. "Translating Japanese Onomatopoeia and Mimetic Words." N.p., n.d. Web.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-language-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-language_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-language_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-language_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ghil%27ad_Zuckermann" title="Ghil'ad Zuckermann">Zuckermann, Ghil'ad</a> (2003), <a href="/wiki/Language_Contact_and_Lexical_Enrichment_in_Israeli_Hebrew" title="Language Contact and Lexical Enrichment in Israeli Hebrew">Language Contact and Lexical Enrichment in Israeli Hebrew</a>. <a href="/wiki/Palgrave_Macmillan" title="Palgrave Macmillan">Palgrave Macmillan</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781403917232" title="Special:BookSources/9781403917232">9781403917232</a> / <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781403938695" title="Special:BookSources/9781403938695">9781403938695</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.palgrave.com/br/book/9781403917232">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:6_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWILKINSON1936" class="citation journal cs1">WILKINSON, R. J. (January 1, 1936). "Onomatopoeia in Malay". <i>Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society</i>. <b>14</b> (3 (126)): 72–88. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41559855">41559855</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Malayan+Branch+of+the+Royal+Asiatic+Society&rft.atitle=Onomatopoeia+in+Malay&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3+%28126%29&rft.pages=72-88&rft.date=1936-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41559855%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=WILKINSON&rft.aufirst=R.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_references">General references</h3></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrystal1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Crystal" title="David Crystal">Crystal, David</a> (1997). <i>The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language</i> (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-55967-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-55967-7"><bdi>0-521-55967-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Encyclopedia+of+Language&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-521-55967-7&rft.aulast=Crystal&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmyth1920" class="citation book cs1">Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920). <i>Greek Grammar</i>. Cambridge MA: <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>. p. 680. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-36250-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-36250-0"><bdi>0-674-36250-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Grammar&rft.place=Cambridge+MA&rft.pages=680&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1920&rft.isbn=0-674-36250-0&rft.aulast=Smyth&rft.aufirst=Herbert+Weir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOnomatopoeia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/onomatopoeia" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:onomatopoeia">onomatopoeia</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Onomatopoeia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Onomatopoeia">Onomatopoeia</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eleceng.adelaide.edu.au/Personal/dabbott/animal.html">Derek Abbott's Animal Noise Page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120531101113/http://www.poetandknowit.com/english-definitions/onomatopoeia-examples.aspx">Over 300 Examples of Onomatopoeia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0aVOwJfim6s">BBC Radio 4 show discussing animal noises</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eeight.com/cartoon-tutorials/drawing-onomatopoeia/">Tutorial on Drawing Onomatopoeia for Comics and Cartoons (using fonts)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.writtensound.com/">WrittenSound, onomatopoeic word list</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.examples-of-onomatopoeia.com/">Examples of Onomatopoeia</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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