Research integrity and plagiarism

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href="/en">Home</a></span> <span class="delimiter">»</span> <span class="inline even"><a href="/en/%23">Publishing support</a></span> <span class="delimiter">»</span> <span class="inline odd last"><a href="/en/writing-tools">Writing tools</a></span></div> <a id="main-content"></a> <h1 class="page-header">Research integrity and plagiarism </h1>  <div class="region region-content"> <section id="block-system-main" class="block block-system clearfix"> <div> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { if((document.getElementById("block-menu-block-4") !== null) && (document.getElementById("infolaterali") !== null)){ jQuery("#infolaterali").appendTo("#block-menu-block-4"); jQuery("#infolaterali").css("width","100%"); jQuery(".article-main.col-md-8").css("width","100%"); } }); </script> <div class="news"> <article id="node-5023" class="row node node-pagina node-promoted clearfix" about="/en/research-integrity-and-plagiarism" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <div class="article-main col-md-8"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><p style="text-align:justify">The <a href="http://www.allea.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/ALLEA-European-Code-of-Conduct-for-Research-Integrity-2017-1.pdf" target="_blank">European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity</a> defines plagiarism as “using other people’s work and ideas without giving proper credit to the original source, thus violating the rights of the original author(s) to their intellectual outputs.”</p><p style="text-align:justify">The two main types of plagiarism are verbatim plagiarism and plagiarism of ideas. <strong>Verbatim plagiarism</strong> consists in copying someone else’s work word-for-word. <strong>Patchwork plagiarism</strong> is a sub-category of verbatim plagiarism, and consists in copying bits and pieces of text from multiple sources and mixing them together to disguise their origin.</p><p style="text-align:justify"><strong>Plagiarism of ideas</strong> is defined as stealing someone else’s original ideas, research theories, data, interpretations, and passing them off as one’s own. This type of plagiarism occurs also if stolen ideas are paraphrased.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Usually, plagiarism is described as an intentional act, and it is closely associated with academic misconduct. However, when sources are cited incorrectly or incompletely researchers can incur in plagiarism accusations, even if their actions were unintentional.</p><p>Some actions that lead to plagiarism accusations include:</p><ul><li>Not using quotation marks for direct quotations.</li><li>Reporting incorrect information about a source.</li><li>Translating part of someone else’s work into another language without citing its original source.</li><li>Taking so much content from one or multiple sources that it makes up the majority of the work, whether sources are cited or not.</li></ul><p>Finally, plagiarism also occurs when researchers recycle their own work without citing its source. <strong>Self-plagiarism</strong> is defined as the act of using one's own previous work without reference, and presenting it as new.</p><p><strong><u>Regulations</u></strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">Plagiarism accusations have heavy consequences on a reasearcher’s academic career, such as diminished reputation, article rejections and retractions from journals, disciplinary sanctions that can lead to expulsion from research institutions.</p><p style="text-align:justify">They can also lead to legal action against the accused for copyright infringement. Intellectual property is protected by the <a href="https://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/it/it211en.pdf" target="_blank">Italian copyright law</a>, which also regulates the use of citations. However, attribution is also a defining element of open access licenses, like <a href="https://creativecommons.org/" target="_blank">Creative Commons</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">According to <a href="https://www.imtlucca.it/sites/default/files/code_of_conduct_and_ethics_1.pdf" target="_blank">IMT Code of conducts and ethics</a>, all members of the IMT community must carry out their responsibilities with the highest level of integrity and ethical behavior. This document also lists plagiarism as strictly prohibited.</p><p style="text-align:justify">Before they submit their PhD thesis, IMT students must sign an originality statement. To know more about copyright and PhD theses, see our <a href="/sites/default/files/copyright_guide_eng_1.pdf">guide</a>.</p><p><strong><u>Plagiarism prevention and originality checks</u></strong></p><p style="text-align:justify">The IMT School supports its scientific community in plagiarism prevention, by adopting the plagiarism detection software <a href="http://library.imtlucca.it/en/turnitin" target="_blank">Turnitin – Feedback Studio</a>.</p><p style="text-align:justify">All PhD students are required to submit their thesis draft to be checked for plagiarism.</p><p>Avoiding plagiarism is easily achieved by <a href="/en/citation-guide">citing sources correctly</a>.</p><p><strong><u>Online resources</u></strong></p><ul><li><a href="http://library.imtlucca.it/sites/default/files/anti-plagiarism_guide_eng_0.pdf" target="_blank">IMT Library guide about plagiarism, originality checks and citations</a></li><li><a href="/sites/default/files/copyright_guide_eng_1.pdf" target="_blank">IMT Library copyright guide</a></li><li><a href="https://www.crui.it/images/bibliotche/AddendaLineeGuidaTesi.pdf" target="_blank">PhD Theses and copyright (CRUI guide, in Italian)</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-indirizzo field-type-location field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><div class="location vcard" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/PostalAddress"> <div class="adr"> </div> <div class="map-link"> </div> </div> </div></div></div> <footer> </footer> </div> </article> </div> </div> </section> <section id="block-views-slide-node-image-slider-for" class="block block-views clearfix"> <div> <div class="view view-slide-node-image view-id-slide_node_image view-display-id-slider_for slider-for view-dom-id-2c6f69475d8b89a586cbcba91edf0607"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-image"> <div class="field-content"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section id="block-views-slide-node-image-slider-nav" class="block block-views clearfix"> <div> <div class="view view-slide-node-image view-id-slide_node_image view-display-id-slider_nav slider-nav view-dom-id-fc39e98836a7a53183cb26494818ce58"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-image"> <div class="field-content"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="view-footer"> <script> (function ($) { $('.slider-for .view-content').slick({ slidesToShow: 1, slidesToScroll: 1, arrows: false, fade: true, asNavFor: '.slider-nav .view-content' }); 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content: ""; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0; } .eb-search-container__has-select .eb-search__search-prefix:before { right: 0; width: 1.75em; } .eb-search-container__has-select .eb-search__search-prefix:after { border-bottom: 2px solid #000; border-right: 2px solid #000; height: 0.5em; margin: auto; right: 0.75em; transform-origin: center right; transform: rotate(45deg); width: 0.5em; z-index: 2; } .eb-search-container__has-select .eb-search__select { -webkit-appearance: none; appearance: none; background: #fff; border: 1px solid #052847; border-radius: 0.25em; box-shadow: none; color: #000; height: 100%; padding: 0.5em 1.75em 0.5em 0.75em; width: 100%; } .eb-search-container__has-select .eb-search__select:focus { color: #000; } .eb-search-container__has-select .eb-search__select::-ms-expand { display: none; } html[dir="rtl"] .eb-search__select { padding: 0.5em 0.75em 0.5em 1.75em; } html[dir="rtl"] .eb-search__search-prefix:before { left: 0; right: inherit; } html[dir="rtl"] .eb-search__search-prefix:after { left: 0.75em; right: inherit; } @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) { .eb-search-container { padding: 0.75em; } .eb-search__box { flex-wrap: nowrap; height: 2.8em; box-shadow: 0 2px 4px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); } .eb-search__input-bquery { border-bottom-color: #052847; border-radius: 0.25em 0 0 0.25em; border-right-color: transparent; width: 100%; } .eb-search__submit-button { border-radius: 0 0.25em 0.25em 0; box-shadow: none; flex: 0 0 auto; } .eb-filter-container { flex: 1; padding-bottom: 0.75em; padding-top: 0em; } .eb-search__label { width: auto; } .eb-search-container__has-limiter .eb-adv-search { flex: 0 0 auto; } .eb-search-container__has-select .eb-search__search-prefix { flex: 1 0 auto; margin-bottom: 0; } .eb-search-container__has-select .eb-search__select { flex: 0 0 auto; border-radius: 0; } .eb-search-container__has-select .eb-search__search-prefix:nth-of-type(1) .eb-search__select { border-radius: 0.25em 0 0 0.25em; } .eb-search-container__has-select .eb-search__input-bquery { border-left-color: transparent; border-radius: 0; } .eb-search-container__has-select-two .eb-search__search-prefix:nth-of-type(1) > .eb-search__select { border-right-color: transparent; } html[dir="rtl"] .eb-search__input-bquery { border-radius: 0 0.25em 0.25em 0; border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: inherit; } html[dir="rtl"] .eb-search__submit-button { border-radius: 0.25em 0 0 0.25em; border-left-color: inherit; border-right-color: transparent; } html[dir="rtl"] .eb-search__select { border-radius: 0 0.25em 0.25em 0; border-right-color: inherit; } html[dir="rtl"] .eb-search-container__has-select .eb-search__input-bquery { border-radius: 0; border-right-color: transparent; } html[dir="rtl"] .eb-search-container__has-select .eb-search__search-prefix:nth-of-type(1) .eb-search__select { border-radius: 0 0.25em 0.25em 0; } html[dir="rtl"] .eb-search-container__has-select-two .eb-search__search-prefix:nth-of-type(1) > .eb-search__select { border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: inherit; } html[dir="rtl"] .eb-search-container__has-select-two .eb-search__search-prefix:nth-of-type(2) > .eb-search__select { border-radius: 0; 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