java - What are the cases in which it is better to use unconditional AND (& instead of &&)

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2v14l-6-4z"/></svg> </button> <a class="js-post-issue flex--item s-btn s-btn__unset c-pointer py6 mx-auto" href="/posts/11411907/timeline" data-shortcut="T" data-ks-title="timeline" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="Show activity on this post." aria-label="Timeline"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="mln2 mr0 svg-icon iconHistory" width="19" height="18" viewBox="0 0 19 18"><path d="M3 9a8 8 0 1 1 3.73 6.77L8.2 14.3A6 6 0 1 0 5 9l3.01-.01-4 4-4-4zm7-4h1.01L11 9.36l3.22 2.1-.6.93L10 10z"/></svg></a> </div> </div> <div class="postcell post-layout--right"> <div class="s-prose js-post-body" itemprop="text"> <p>I'd like to know some cases in Java (or more generally: in programming) when it is preferred in boolean expressions to use the unconditional <code>AND</code> (<code>&</code>) instead of the conditional version (<code>&&</code>).</p> <p>I know how they work, but I cannot think about a case when use the single <code>&</code> is worth it.</p> </div> <div 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js-comment " data-comment-id="15071323" data-comment-owner-id="309412" data-comment-score="2"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> <span title="number of 'useful comment' votes received" class="cool">2</span> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy">possible duplicate of <a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7331686/why-and-not">Why && and not &</a></span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/309412/lie-ryan" title="64,875 reputation" class="comment-user">Lie Ryan</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-11 03:35:17Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 11, 2012 at 3:35</span> </span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="comments-link-11411907" data-rep=50 data-anon=true> <a 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<div class="answers-subheader d-flex ai-center mb8"> <div class="flex--item fl1"> <h2 class="mb0" data-answercount="11"> 11 Answers <span style="display:none;" itemprop="answerCount">11</span> </h2> </div> <div class="flex--item"> <div class="d-flex g4 gsx ai-center sm:fd-column sm:ai-start"> <div class="d-flex fd-column ai-end sm:ai-start"> <label class="flex--item fs-caption" for="answer-sort-dropdown-select-menu"> Sorted by: </label> <a class="js-sort-preference-change s-link flex--item fs-fine d-none" data-value="ScoreDesc" href="/questions/11411907/what-are-the-cases-in-which-it-is-better-to-use-unconditional-and-instead-of?answertab=scoredesc#tab-top" > Reset to default </a> </div> <div class="flex--item s-select"> <select id="answer-sort-dropdown-select-menu"> <option value=scoredesc selected=selected > Highest score (default) </option> <option value=trending > Trending (recent votes count more) </option> <option value=modifieddesc > Date modified (newest first) </option> 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js-saves-btn-selected d-none svg-icon iconBookmark" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="M3 17V3c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14l-6-4z"/></svg> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="js-saves-btn-unselected svg-icon iconBookmarkAlt" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="m9 10.6 4 2.66V3H5v10.26zM3 17V3c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14l-6-4z"/></svg> </button> <div class="js-accepted-answer-indicator flex--item fc-green-400 py6 mtn8" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="Loading when this answer was accepted…" tabindex="0" role="note" aria-label="Accepted"> <div class="ta-center"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconCheckmarkLg" width="36" height="36" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><path d="m6 14 8 8L30 6v8L14 30l-8-8z"/></svg> </div> </div> <a class="js-post-issue flex--item s-btn s-btn__unset c-pointer py6 mx-auto" href="/posts/11412121/timeline" data-shortcut="T" data-ks-title="timeline" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="Show 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(These were extremely high-performance math utilities, though; I would almost never use this in other code, and I wouldn't have done it anyway without exhaustive benchmarking to prove it was better.)</p> <p>(To give specific examples, <code>x > 0</code> is going to be super cheap and side-effect-free. Why bother risking a branch misprediction to avoid a test that's going to be so cheap anyway? Sure, since it's a <code>boolean</code> the end result is going to be used in a branch anyway, but <code>if (x >= 0 && x <= 10)</code> involves two branches, and <code>if (x >= 0 & x <= 10)</code> involves only one.)</p> </div> <div class="mt24"> <div class="d-flex fw-wrap ai-start jc-end gs8 gsy"> <time itemprop="dateCreated" datetime="2012-07-10T11:15:36"></time> <div class="flex--item mr16" style="flex: 1 1 100px;"> <div class="js-post-menu pt2" data-post-id="11412121" data-post-type-id="2"> <div class="d-flex gs8 s-anchors s-anchors__muted fw-wrap"> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/a/11412121" rel="nofollow" itemprop="url" class="js-share-link js-gps-track" title="Short permalink to this answer" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 2, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="se-share-sheet" data-se-share-sheet-title="Share a link to this answer" data-se-share-sheet-subtitle="" data-se-share-sheet-post-type="answer" data-se-share-sheet-social="facebook twitter devto" 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class="user-gravatar32"> <a href="/users/869736/louis-wasserman"><div class="gravatar-wrapper-32"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/ae7bb06b9a23a4dd7eea69e853d47d12?s=64&d=identicon&r=PG&f=y&so-version=2" alt="Louis Wasserman's user avatar" width="32" height="32" class="bar-sm"></div></a> </div> <div class="user-details" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="/users/869736/louis-wasserman" dir="auto">Louis Wasserman</a><span class="d-none" itemprop="name">Louis Wasserman</span> <div class="-flair"> <span class="reputation-score" title="reputation score 198,171" dir="ltr">198k</span><span title="26 gold badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge1"></span><span class="badgecount">26</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">26 gold badges</span><span title="362 silver badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge2"></span><span class="badgecount">362</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">362 silver badges</span><span title="431 bronze badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge3"></span><span class="badgecount">431</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">431 bronze badges</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <span class="d-none" itemprop="commentCount">12</span> <div class="post-layout--right js-post-comments-component"> <div id="comments-11412121" class="comments js-comments-container bt bc-black-200 mt12 " data-post-id="11412121" data-min-length="15"> <ul class="comments-list js-comments-list" data-remaining-comments-count="7" data-canpost="false" data-cansee="true" data-comments-unavailable="false" data-addlink-disabled="true"> <li id="comment-15049567" class="comment js-comment " data-comment-id="15049567" data-comment-owner-id="869736" data-comment-score="23"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> <span title="number of 'useful comment' votes received" class="hot">23</span> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy"><code>&&</code> involves a branch, when it decides whether or not to evaluate the second condition. Mispredicted branches can be highly expensive on modern CPUs. <code>&</code> avoids that branch.</span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/869736/louis-wasserman" title="198,171 reputation" class="comment-user">Louis Wasserman</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-10 11:26:01Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 10, 2012 at 11:26</span> </span> <span title="this comment was edited 1 time"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="va-text-bottom o50 svg-icon iconPencilSm" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 14 14"><path fill="#F1B600" d="m2 10.12 6.37-6.43 1.88 1.88L3.88 12H2z"/><path fill="#E87C87" d="m11.1 1.71 1.13 1.12c.2.2.2.51 0 .71L11.1 4.7 9.21 2.86l1.17-1.15c.2-.2.51-.2.71 0"/></svg> </span> </div> </div> </li> <li id="comment-15058631" class="comment js-comment " data-comment-id="15058631" data-comment-owner-id="238419" data-comment-score="7"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> <span title="number of 'useful comment' votes received" class="warm">7</span> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy">@assylias: See also <a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11227809/why-is-processing-a-sorted-array-faster-than-an-unsorted-array">Why is processing a sorted array faster than an unsorted array?</a></span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/238419/blueraja-danny-pflughoeft" title="86,041 reputation" class="comment-user">BlueRaja - Danny Pflughoeft</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-10 16:22:23Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 10, 2012 at 16:22</span> </span> </div> </div> </li> <li id="comment-15064569" class="comment js-comment " data-comment-id="15064569" data-comment-owner-id="869736" data-comment-score="25"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> <span title="number of 'useful comment' votes received" class="hot">25</span> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy">...Of all my answers to get this many upvotes, I would <i>not</i> have expected it to be this one. Readers, you should almost <i>never</i> use <code>&</code> in actual code -- certainly not without at least an hour's worth of developing microbenchmarks for <i>each</i> place you want to switch a <code>&&</code> to an <code>&</code>. I work on libraries that get used by thousands of programmers, so microoptimizations pay off in those situations, but almost nobody else should do these kinds of things.</span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/869736/louis-wasserman" title="198,171 reputation" class="comment-user">Louis Wasserman</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-10 20:00:30Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 10, 2012 at 20:00</span> </span> <span title="this comment was edited 6 times"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="va-text-bottom o50 svg-icon iconPencilSm" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 14 14"><path fill="#F1B600" d="m2 10.12 6.37-6.43 1.88 1.88L3.88 12H2z"/><path fill="#E87C87" d="m11.1 1.71 1.13 1.12c.2.2.2.51 0 .71L11.1 4.7 9.21 2.86l1.17-1.15c.2-.2.51-.2.71 0"/></svg> </span> </div> </div> </li> <li id="comment-15095395" class="comment js-comment " data-comment-id="15095395" data-comment-owner-id="216111" data-comment-score="2"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> <span title="number of 'useful comment' votes received" class="cool">2</span> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy">@LouisWasserman in your example both would be the same as there are no visible side effects, so the compiler would be free to optimize it. The only reason the compiler produces different bytecode is that javac does almost no optimization - the JIT compiler takes care of optimizing the native instructions.</span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/216111/josefx" title="15,656 reputation" class="comment-user">josefx</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-11 20:06:42Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 11, 2012 at 20:06</span> </span> </div> </div> </li> <li id="comment-15124745" class="comment js-comment " data-comment-id="15124745" data-comment-owner-id="144746" data-comment-score="2"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> <span title="number of 'useful comment' votes received" class="cool">2</span> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy">Yep Louis is right. The JIT really isn't capable of optimizing <code>if (val >= 0xcafe && val < 0xdead)</code> sensibly - gcc does though.</span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/144746/voo" title="30,226 reputation" class="comment-user">Voo</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-12 18:50:43Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 12, 2012 at 18:50</span> </span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="comments-link-11412121" data-rep=50 data-anon=true> <a class="js-add-link comments-link dno" title="Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”." href="#" role="button"></a> <span class="js-link-separator dno"> | </span> <a class="js-show-link comments-link " title="Expand to show all comments on this post" href=# onclick="" role="button">Show <b>7</b> more comments</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="js-zone-container zone-container-main"> <div id="dfp-mlb" class="everyonelovesstackoverflow everyoneloves__mid-leaderboard everyoneloves__leaderboard"></div> <div class="js-report-ad-button-container " style="width: 728px"></div> </div> <a name="11412037"></a> <div id="answer-11412037" class="answer js-answer" data-answerid="11412037" data-parentid="11411907" data-score="21" data-position-on-page="2" data-highest-scored="0" data-question-has-accepted-highest-score="1" itemprop="suggestedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"> <div class="post-layout"> <div class="votecell post-layout--left"> <div class="js-voting-container d-flex jc-center fd-column ai-center gs4 fc-black-300" data-post-id="11412037" data-referrer="None"> <button class="js-vote-up-btn flex--item s-btn s-btn__muted s-btn__outlined bar-pill bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200" id="upvote-btn-11412037" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="This answer is useful" aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Up vote" data-selected-classes="fc-theme-primary bc-theme-primary bg-theme-primary-100" data-unselected-classes="bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconArrowUp" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="M1 12h16L9 4z"/></svg> </button> <input type="hidden" id="voteUpHash" value="70:3:31e,16:21e87ddd0c481f13,10:1739920671,16:3e53f75c415dbbd6,8:11412037,a7a4fe419c856c6bc92ed973689f1cfdaa485541880014d142b6df94fa6a3ce8" /> <div class="js-vote-count flex--item d-flex fd-column ai-center fc-theme-body-font fw-bold fs-subheading py4" itemprop="upvoteCount" data-value="21"> 21 </div> <button class="js-vote-down-btn flex--item mb8 s-btn s-btn__muted s-btn__outlined bar-pill bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200" title="This answer is not useful" aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Down vote" data-selected-classes="fc-theme-primary bc-theme-primary bg-theme-primary-100" data-unselected-classes="bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconArrowDown" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="M1 6h16l-8 8z"/></svg> </button> <input type="hidden" id="voteDownHash" value="70:3:31e,16:cd59aa5638ff670c,10:1739920671,16:7c4bed11443187b0,8:11412037,be9c65133a054aa4201d7cd4ed639b1376dcf24e562e2971fb1f5ecadc304e04" /> <button class="js-saves-btn s-btn s-btn__unset c-pointer py4" type="button" id="saves-btn-11412037" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" data-s-popover-placement="" title="Save this answer." data-is-saved="false" aria-label="Save" data-post-id="11412037" data-post-type-id="2" data-user-privilege-for-post-click="0" aria-controls="" data-s-popover-auto-show="false" > <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fc-theme-primary-400 js-saves-btn-selected d-none svg-icon iconBookmark" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="M3 17V3c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14l-6-4z"/></svg> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="js-saves-btn-unselected svg-icon iconBookmarkAlt" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="m9 10.6 4 2.66V3H5v10.26zM3 17V3c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14l-6-4z"/></svg> </button> <div class="js-accepted-answer-indicator flex--item fc-green-400 py6 mtn8 d-none" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="Loading when this answer was accepted…" tabindex="0" role="note" aria-label="Accepted"> <div class="ta-center"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconCheckmarkLg" width="36" height="36" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><path d="m6 14 8 8L30 6v8L14 30l-8-8z"/></svg> </div> </div> <a class="js-post-issue flex--item s-btn s-btn__unset c-pointer py6 mx-auto" href="/posts/11412037/timeline" data-shortcut="T" data-ks-title="timeline" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="Show activity on this post." aria-label="Timeline"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="mln2 mr0 svg-icon iconHistory" width="19" height="18" viewBox="0 0 19 18"><path d="M3 9a8 8 0 1 1 3.73 6.77L8.2 14.3A6 6 0 1 0 5 9l3.01-.01-4 4-4-4zm7-4h1.01L11 9.36l3.22 2.1-.6.93L10 10z"/></svg></a> </div> </div> <div class="answercell post-layout--right"> <div class="s-prose js-post-body" itemprop="text"> <p>The only difference is that <code>&&</code> and <code>||</code> stop the evaluation as soon as it is known. So for example:</p> <pre><code>if (a != null && a.get() != null) </code></pre> <p>works well with <code>&&</code>, but with <code>&</code> you could get a NullPointerException if a is null.</p> <p>The only case I can think about where you want to use <code>&</code> is if the second operand has a side effect, for example (probably not the best example but you get the point):</p> <pre><code>public static void main(String[] args) { int i = 1; if (i == 0 & ++i != 2) { } System.out.println(i); //2 i = 1; if (i == 0 && ++i != 2) { } System.out.println(i); //1 } </code></pre> <p>However, this looks like smelly code to me (in both cases).</p> </div> <div class="mt24"> <div class="d-flex fw-wrap ai-start jc-end gs8 gsy"> <time itemprop="dateCreated" datetime="2012-07-10T11:10:47"></time> <div class="flex--item mr16" style="flex: 1 1 100px;"> <div class="js-post-menu pt2" data-post-id="11412037" data-post-type-id="2"> <div class="d-flex gs8 s-anchors s-anchors__muted fw-wrap"> <div 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class="-flair"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-signature flex--item fl0"> <div class="user-info user-hover "> <div class="d-flex "> <div class="user-action-time fl-grow1"> answered <span title='2012-07-10 11:10:47Z' class='relativetime'>Jul 10, 2012 at 11:10</span> </div> </div> <div class="user-gravatar32"> <a href="/users/829571/assylias"><div class="gravatar-wrapper-32"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/zflGZ.png?s=64" alt="assylias's user avatar" width="32" height="32" class="bar-sm"></div></a> </div> <div class="user-details" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="/users/829571/assylias" dir="auto">assylias</a><span class="d-none" itemprop="name">assylias</span> <div class="-flair"> <span class="reputation-score" title="reputation score 328,727" dir="ltr">329k</span><span title="83 gold badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge1"></span><span class="badgecount">83</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">83 gold badges</span><span 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If I found this in some massive class I needed to debug, it would take me <i>hours</i> to spot.</span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/113632/dimo414" title="48,834 reputation" class="comment-user">dimo414</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2013-08-27 02:49:29Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Aug 27, 2013 at 2:49</span> </span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="comments-link-11412037" data-rep=50 data-anon=true> <a class="js-add-link comments-link disabled-link" title="Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”." href="#" role="button">Add a comment</a> <span class="js-link-separator dno"> | </span> <a class="js-show-link comments-link dno" title="Expand to show all comments on this post" href=# onclick="" role="button"></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a name="11412053"></a> <div id="answer-11412053" class="answer js-answer" data-answerid="11412053" data-parentid="11411907" data-score="15" data-position-on-page="3" data-highest-scored="0" data-question-has-accepted-highest-score="1" itemprop="suggestedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"> <div class="post-layout"> <div class="votecell post-layout--left"> <div class="js-voting-container d-flex jc-center fd-column ai-center gs4 fc-black-300" data-post-id="11412053" data-referrer="None"> <button class="js-vote-up-btn flex--item s-btn s-btn__muted s-btn__outlined bar-pill bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200" id="upvote-btn-11412053" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="This answer is useful" aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Up vote" data-selected-classes="fc-theme-primary bc-theme-primary bg-theme-primary-100" data-unselected-classes="bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconArrowUp" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="M1 12h16L9 4z"/></svg> </button> <input type="hidden" id="voteUpHash" value="70:3:31e,16:10a8e4fd3aae1f6a,10:1739920671,16:6a03d8530653ddcd,8:11412053,8b22a753b7877515cc3b28835c33105ffa4c50766e32906fde5df8cc1bb83630" /> <div class="js-vote-count flex--item d-flex fd-column ai-center fc-theme-body-font fw-bold fs-subheading py4" itemprop="upvoteCount" data-value="15"> 15 </div> <button class="js-vote-down-btn flex--item mb8 s-btn s-btn__muted s-btn__outlined bar-pill bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200" title="This answer is not useful" aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Down vote" data-selected-classes="fc-theme-primary bc-theme-primary bg-theme-primary-100" data-unselected-classes="bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconArrowDown" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="M1 6h16l-8 8z"/></svg> </button> <input type="hidden" id="voteDownHash" value="70:3:31e,16:9a0f2e09f9e66d98,10:1739920671,16:a04a8c205d226dee,8:11412053,c7bf82d5569254b7649725c9d06c9cf1e27e53a1d8c916be602a78237830c93e" /> <button class="js-saves-btn s-btn s-btn__unset c-pointer py4" type="button" id="saves-btn-11412053" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" data-s-popover-placement="" title="Save this answer." data-is-saved="false" aria-label="Save" data-post-id="11412053" data-post-type-id="2" data-user-privilege-for-post-click="0" aria-controls="" data-s-popover-auto-show="false" > <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fc-theme-primary-400 js-saves-btn-selected d-none svg-icon iconBookmark" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="M3 17V3c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14l-6-4z"/></svg> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="js-saves-btn-unselected svg-icon iconBookmarkAlt" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="m9 10.6 4 2.66V3H5v10.26zM3 17V3c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14l-6-4z"/></svg> </button> <div class="js-accepted-answer-indicator flex--item fc-green-400 py6 mtn8 d-none" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="Loading when this answer was accepted…" tabindex="0" role="note" aria-label="Accepted"> <div class="ta-center"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconCheckmarkLg" width="36" height="36" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><path d="m6 14 8 8L30 6v8L14 30l-8-8z"/></svg> </div> </div> <a class="js-post-issue flex--item s-btn s-btn__unset c-pointer py6 mx-auto" href="/posts/11412053/timeline" data-shortcut="T" data-ks-title="timeline" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="Show activity on this post." aria-label="Timeline"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="mln2 mr0 svg-icon iconHistory" width="19" height="18" viewBox="0 0 19 18"><path d="M3 9a8 8 0 1 1 3.73 6.77L8.2 14.3A6 6 0 1 0 5 9l3.01-.01-4 4-4-4zm7-4h1.01L11 9.36l3.22 2.1-.6.93L10 10z"/></svg></a> </div> </div> <div class="answercell post-layout--right"> <div class="s-prose js-post-body" itemprop="text"> <p>The && allows the jvm to do short circuit evaluation. That is, if the first argument is false, then it doesn't need to bother checking the second argument.</p> <p>A single & will run both sides regardless.</p> <p>So, as a contrived example, you might have:</p> <pre><code>if (account.isAllowed() & logAccountAndCheckFlag(account)) // Do something </code></pre> <p>In that example, you might always want to log the fact that the owner of the account attempted to do something.</p> <p>I don't think I have ever used a single & in commercial programming though.</p> </div> <div class="mt24"> <div class="d-flex fw-wrap ai-start jc-end gs8 gsy"> <time itemprop="dateCreated" datetime="2012-07-10T11:11:53"></time> <div class="flex--item mr16" style="flex: 1 1 100px;"> <div class="js-post-menu pt2" data-post-id="11412053" data-post-type-id="2"> <div class="d-flex gs8 s-anchors s-anchors__muted fw-wrap"> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/a/11412053" rel="nofollow" itemprop="url" class="js-share-link js-gps-track" title="Short permalink to this answer" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 2, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="se-share-sheet" data-se-share-sheet-title="Share a link to this answer" data-se-share-sheet-subtitle="" data-se-share-sheet-post-type="answer" data-se-share-sheet-social="facebook twitter devto" data-se-share-sheet-location="2" data-se-share-sheet-license-url="https%3a%2f%2fcreativecommons.org%2flicenses%2fby-sa%2f3.0%2f" data-se-share-sheet-license-name="CC BY-SA 3.0" data-s-popover-placement="bottom-start">Share</a> </div> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/posts/11412053/edit" class="js-suggest-edit-post js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 6, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" title="">Improve this answer</a> </div> <div class="flex--item"> <button type="button" id="btnFollowPost-11412053" class="s-btn s-btn__link js-follow-post js-follow-answer js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 14, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="s-tooltip " data-s-tooltip-placement="bottom" data-s-popover-placement="bottom" aria-controls="" title="Follow this answer to receive notifications"> Follow <input type="hidden" id="voteFollowHash" value="70:3:31e,16:6e21a6cbbe8e3e29,10:1739920671,16:7e743bc1606d56fd,8:11412053,18bae159eb70f2f207faf863af0d5669325753f70511c3ffac44d61e74440b41" /> </button> </div> </div> <div class="js-menu-popup-container"></div> </div> </div> <div class="post-signature flex--item fl0"> <div class="user-info "> <div class="d-flex "> <div class="user-action-time fl-grow1"> answered <span title='2012-07-10 11:11:53Z' class='relativetime'>Jul 10, 2012 at 11:11</span> </div> </div> <div class="user-gravatar32"> <a href="/users/1514554/taskmaster"><div class="gravatar-wrapper-32"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d7ae6392bc8112e2d49e0154e23f9937?s=64&d=identicon&r=PG" alt="Taskmaster's user avatar" width="32" height="32" class="bar-sm"></div></a> </div> <div class="user-details" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="/users/1514554/taskmaster" dir="auto">Taskmaster</a><span class="d-none" itemprop="name">Taskmaster</span> <div class="-flair"> <span class="reputation-score" title="reputation score " dir="ltr">1,016</span><span title="11 silver badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge2"></span><span class="badgecount">11</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">11 silver badges</span><span title="17 bronze badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge3"></span><span class="badgecount">17</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">17 bronze badges</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <span class="d-none" itemprop="commentCount"></span> <div class="post-layout--right js-post-comments-component"> <div id="comments-11412053" class="comments js-comments-container bt bc-black-200 mt12 dno" data-post-id="11412053" data-min-length="15"> <ul class="comments-list js-comments-list" data-remaining-comments-count="0" data-canpost="false" data-cansee="true" data-comments-unavailable="false" data-addlink-disabled="true"> </ul> </div> <div id="comments-link-11412053" data-rep=50 data-anon=true> <a class="js-add-link comments-link disabled-link" title="Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. 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aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconCheckmarkLg" width="36" height="36" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><path d="m6 14 8 8L30 6v8L14 30l-8-8z"/></svg> </div> </div> <a class="js-post-issue flex--item s-btn s-btn__unset c-pointer py6 mx-auto" href="/posts/11412295/timeline" data-shortcut="T" data-ks-title="timeline" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="Show activity on this post." aria-label="Timeline"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="mln2 mr0 svg-icon iconHistory" width="19" height="18" viewBox="0 0 19 18"><path d="M3 9a8 8 0 1 1 3.73 6.77L8.2 14.3A6 6 0 1 0 5 9l3.01-.01-4 4-4-4zm7-4h1.01L11 9.36l3.22 2.1-.6.93L10 10z"/></svg></a> </div> </div> <div class="answercell post-layout--right"> <div class="s-prose js-post-body" itemprop="text"> <p>Wikipedia has nicely described the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-circuit_evaluation">Short Circuit Evaluation</a> </p> <p><em>Where do you prefer non short-circuit operators ?</em></p> <p>From the same link:</p> <ul> <li>Untested second condition leads to unperformed side effect </li> <li>Code efficiency</li> </ul> <blockquote> <p>Short-circuiting can lead to errors in branch prediction on modern processors, and dramatically reduce performance (a notable example is highly optimized ray with axis aligned box intersection code in ray tracing)[clarification needed]. Some compilers can detect such cases and emit faster code, but it is not always possible due to possible violations of the C standard. Highly optimized code should use other ways for doing this (like manual usage of assembly code)</p> </blockquote> </div> <div class="mt24"> <div class="d-flex fw-wrap ai-start jc-end gs8 gsy"> <time itemprop="dateCreated" datetime="2012-07-10T11:23:34"></time> <div class="flex--item mr16" style="flex: 1 1 100px;"> <div class="js-post-menu pt2" data-post-id="11412295" data-post-type-id="2"> <div class="d-flex gs8 s-anchors s-anchors__muted fw-wrap"> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/a/11412295" rel="nofollow" itemprop="url" class="js-share-link js-gps-track" title="Short permalink to this answer" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 2, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="se-share-sheet" data-se-share-sheet-title="Share a link to this answer" data-se-share-sheet-subtitle="" data-se-share-sheet-post-type="answer" data-se-share-sheet-social="facebook twitter devto" data-se-share-sheet-location="2" data-se-share-sheet-license-url="https%3a%2f%2fcreativecommons.org%2flicenses%2fby-sa%2f3.0%2f" data-se-share-sheet-license-name="CC BY-SA 3.0" data-s-popover-placement="bottom-start">Share</a> </div> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/posts/11412295/edit" class="js-suggest-edit-post js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 6, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" title="">Improve this answer</a> </div> <div class="flex--item"> <button type="button" id="btnFollowPost-11412295" class="s-btn s-btn__link js-follow-post js-follow-answer js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 14, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="s-tooltip " data-s-tooltip-placement="bottom" data-s-popover-placement="bottom" aria-controls="" title="Follow this answer to receive notifications"> Follow <input type="hidden" id="voteFollowHash" value="70:3:31e,16:91f7aea3538cc7b9,10:1739920671,16:c7fb1870de8850bc,8:11412295,b57780401bd537cce046c8b128bf91b4427bde65f09678be2e7e3d1d23d866eb" /> </button> </div> </div> <div class="js-menu-popup-container"></div> </div> </div> <div class="post-signature flex--item fl0"> <div class="user-info user-hover "> <div class="d-flex "> <div class="user-action-time fl-grow1"> answered <span title='2012-07-10 11:23:34Z' class='relativetime'>Jul 10, 2012 at 11:23</span> </div> </div> <div class="user-gravatar32"> <a href="/users/750040/santosh"><div class="gravatar-wrapper-32"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/2d67d6f1d5cafae097a32487d49ef60b?s=64&d=identicon&r=PG" alt="Santosh's user avatar" width="32" height="32" class="bar-sm"></div></a> </div> <div class="user-details" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="/users/750040/santosh" dir="auto">Santosh</a><span class="d-none" itemprop="name">Santosh</span> <div class="-flair"> <span class="reputation-score" title="reputation score 17,923" dir="ltr">17.9k</span><span title="4 gold badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge1"></span><span class="badgecount">4</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">4 gold badges</span><span title="57 silver badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge2"></span><span class="badgecount">57</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">57 silver badges</span><span title="79 bronze badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge3"></span><span class="badgecount">79</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">79 bronze badges</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <span class="d-none" itemprop="commentCount">2</span> <div class="post-layout--right js-post-comments-component"> <div id="comments-11412295" class="comments js-comments-container bt bc-black-200 mt12 " data-post-id="11412295" data-min-length="15"> <ul class="comments-list js-comments-list" data-remaining-comments-count="0" data-canpost="false" data-cansee="true" data-comments-unavailable="false" data-addlink-disabled="true"> <li id="comment-15075092" class="comment js-comment " data-comment-id="15075092" data-comment-owner-id="613064" data-comment-score="0"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy">Honestly, the branch prediction issue is hogwash. Any compiler worth its salt will be able to find a branchfree representation even for the short-circuit path, unless the second expression cannot be proven not to have side-effects, which generally involves non-inlineable code. Programmers worrying about the branch predictor before looking at inlining are doing something wrong.</span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/613064/simon-richter" title="29,598 reputation" class="comment-user">Simon Richter</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-11 07:44:12Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 11, 2012 at 7:44</span> </span> </div> </div> </li> <li id="comment-15079131" class="comment js-comment " data-comment-id="15079131" data-comment-owner-id="750040" data-comment-score="0"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy">True to a large extent, especially for modern day compilers.</span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/750040/santosh" title="17,923 reputation" class="comment-user">Santosh</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-11 10:23:53Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 11, 2012 at 10:23</span> </span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="comments-link-11412295" data-rep=50 data-anon=true> <a class="js-add-link comments-link disabled-link" title="Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”." href="#" role="button">Add a comment</a> <span class="js-link-separator dno"> | </span> <a class="js-show-link comments-link dno" title="Expand to show all comments on this post" href=# onclick="" role="button"></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a name="11412072"></a> <div id="answer-11412072" class="answer js-answer" data-answerid="11412072" data-parentid="11411907" data-score="7" data-position-on-page="5" data-highest-scored="0" data-question-has-accepted-highest-score="1" itemprop="suggestedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"> <div class="post-layout"> <div class="votecell post-layout--left"> <div class="js-voting-container d-flex jc-center fd-column ai-center gs4 fc-black-300" data-post-id="11412072" data-referrer="None"> <button class="js-vote-up-btn flex--item s-btn s-btn__muted s-btn__outlined bar-pill bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200" id="upvote-btn-11412072" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="This answer is useful" aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Up vote" data-selected-classes="fc-theme-primary bc-theme-primary bg-theme-primary-100" data-unselected-classes="bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconArrowUp" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="M1 12h16L9 4z"/></svg> </button> <input type="hidden" id="voteUpHash" value="70:3:31e,16:289e1d083b05a846,10:1739920671,16:a42db83f254297d6,8:11412072,63f582a02ea3c8b4b3636bf6c346f34db79168832db46d0d5e025cd0cc6817c6" /> <div class="js-vote-count flex--item d-flex fd-column ai-center fc-theme-body-font fw-bold fs-subheading py4" itemprop="upvoteCount" data-value="7"> 7 </div> <button class="js-vote-down-btn flex--item mb8 s-btn s-btn__muted s-btn__outlined bar-pill bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200" title="This answer is not useful" aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Down vote" data-selected-classes="fc-theme-primary bc-theme-primary bg-theme-primary-100" data-unselected-classes="bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconArrowDown" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="M1 6h16l-8 8z"/></svg> </button> <input type="hidden" id="voteDownHash" value="70:3:31e,16:c310568eb6f6f40c,10:1739920671,16:264276a81bf01220,8:11412072,dce8972809c8b08700aecfb42945e9e6366c87271f312762b30eb04a5239351c" /> <button class="js-saves-btn s-btn s-btn__unset c-pointer py4" type="button" id="saves-btn-11412072" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" data-s-popover-placement="" title="Save this answer." data-is-saved="false" aria-label="Save" data-post-id="11412072" data-post-type-id="2" data-user-privilege-for-post-click="0" aria-controls="" data-s-popover-auto-show="false" > <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fc-theme-primary-400 js-saves-btn-selected d-none svg-icon iconBookmark" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="M3 17V3c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14l-6-4z"/></svg> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="js-saves-btn-unselected svg-icon iconBookmarkAlt" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="m9 10.6 4 2.66V3H5v10.26zM3 17V3c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14l-6-4z"/></svg> </button> <div class="js-accepted-answer-indicator flex--item fc-green-400 py6 mtn8 d-none" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="Loading when this answer was accepted…" tabindex="0" role="note" aria-label="Accepted"> <div class="ta-center"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconCheckmarkLg" width="36" height="36" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><path d="m6 14 8 8L30 6v8L14 30l-8-8z"/></svg> </div> </div> <a class="js-post-issue flex--item s-btn s-btn__unset c-pointer py6 mx-auto" href="/posts/11412072/timeline" data-shortcut="T" data-ks-title="timeline" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="Show activity on this post." aria-label="Timeline"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="mln2 mr0 svg-icon iconHistory" width="19" height="18" viewBox="0 0 19 18"><path d="M3 9a8 8 0 1 1 3.73 6.77L8.2 14.3A6 6 0 1 0 5 9l3.01-.01-4 4-4-4zm7-4h1.01L11 9.36l3.22 2.1-.6.93L10 10z"/></svg></a> </div> </div> <div class="answercell post-layout--right"> <div class="s-prose js-post-body" itemprop="text"> <p>If there are side effects that must happen, but that's a little ugly. </p> <p>The bitwise AND (<code>&</code>) is mostly useful for just that - bitwise math.</p> </div> <div class="mt24"> <div class="d-flex fw-wrap ai-start jc-end gs8 gsy"> <time itemprop="dateCreated" datetime="2012-07-10T11:13:27"></time> <div class="flex--item mr16" style="flex: 1 1 100px;"> <div class="js-post-menu pt2" data-post-id="11412072" data-post-type-id="2"> <div class="d-flex gs8 s-anchors s-anchors__muted fw-wrap"> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/a/11412072" rel="nofollow" itemprop="url" class="js-share-link js-gps-track" title="Short permalink to this answer" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 2, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="se-share-sheet" data-se-share-sheet-title="Share a link to this answer" data-se-share-sheet-subtitle="" data-se-share-sheet-post-type="answer" data-se-share-sheet-social="facebook twitter devto" data-se-share-sheet-location="2" data-se-share-sheet-license-url="https%3a%2f%2fcreativecommons.org%2flicenses%2fby-sa%2f3.0%2f" data-se-share-sheet-license-name="CC BY-SA 3.0" data-s-popover-placement="bottom-start">Share</a> </div> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/posts/11412072/edit" class="js-suggest-edit-post js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 6, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" title="">Improve this answer</a> </div> <div class="flex--item"> <button type="button" id="btnFollowPost-11412072" class="s-btn s-btn__link js-follow-post js-follow-answer js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 14, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="s-tooltip " data-s-tooltip-placement="bottom" data-s-popover-placement="bottom" aria-controls="" title="Follow this answer to receive notifications"> Follow <input type="hidden" id="voteFollowHash" value="70:3:31e,16:3a6e4881dc0e5c5e,10:1739920671,16:252ad167348482d5,8:11412072,3706dbeeee9ec1959e36ca456cba7042be34b7c536156a7f448235ddbc5726f3" /> </button> </div> </div> <div class="js-menu-popup-container"></div> </div> </div> <div class="post-signature flex--item fl0"> <div class="user-info user-hover "> <div class="d-flex "> <div class="user-action-time fl-grow1"> answered <span title='2012-07-10 11:13:27Z' class='relativetime'>Jul 10, 2012 at 11:13</span> </div> </div> <div class="user-gravatar32"> <a href="/users/555045/user555045"><div class="gravatar-wrapper-32"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/182d0ce855c8324a596648c04643e8f9?s=64&d=identicon&r=PG" alt="user555045's user avatar" width="32" height="32" class="bar-sm"></div></a> </div> <div class="user-details" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="/users/555045/user555045" dir="auto">user555045</a><span class="d-none" itemprop="name">user555045</span> <div class="-flair"> <span class="reputation-score" title="reputation score 64,903" dir="ltr">64.9k</span><span title="6 gold badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge1"></span><span class="badgecount">6</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">6 gold badges</span><span title="93 silver badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge2"></span><span class="badgecount">93</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">93 silver badges</span><span title="178 bronze badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge3"></span><span class="badgecount">178</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">178 bronze badges</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <span class="d-none" itemprop="commentCount"></span> <div class="post-layout--right js-post-comments-component"> <div id="comments-11412072" class="comments js-comments-container bt bc-black-200 mt12 dno" data-post-id="11412072" data-min-length="15"> <ul class="comments-list js-comments-list" data-remaining-comments-count="0" data-canpost="false" data-cansee="true" data-comments-unavailable="false" data-addlink-disabled="true"> </ul> </div> <div id="comments-link-11412072" data-rep=50 data-anon=true> <a class="js-add-link comments-link disabled-link" title="Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”." href="#" role="button">Add a comment</a> <span class="js-link-separator dno"> | </span> <a class="js-show-link comments-link dno" title="Expand to show all comments on this post" href=# onclick="" role="button"></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a name="11413925"></a> <div id="answer-11413925" class="answer js-answer" data-answerid="11413925" data-parentid="11411907" data-score="7" data-position-on-page="6" data-highest-scored="0" data-question-has-accepted-highest-score="1" itemprop="suggestedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"> <div class="post-layout"> <div class="votecell post-layout--left"> <div class="js-voting-container d-flex jc-center fd-column ai-center gs4 fc-black-300" data-post-id="11413925" data-referrer="None"> <button class="js-vote-up-btn flex--item s-btn s-btn__muted s-btn__outlined bar-pill bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200" id="upvote-btn-11413925" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="This answer is useful" aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Up vote" data-selected-classes="fc-theme-primary bc-theme-primary bg-theme-primary-100" data-unselected-classes="bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconArrowUp" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="M1 12h16L9 4z"/></svg> </button> <input type="hidden" id="voteUpHash" value="70:3:31e,16:9d514c697d3329e8,10:1739920671,16:433d894cfb324701,8:11413925,4bfa6883e165433899738680e378fd99ce72b1736de3f7066621d4084ccf0bb6" /> <div class="js-vote-count flex--item d-flex fd-column ai-center fc-theme-body-font fw-bold fs-subheading py4" itemprop="upvoteCount" data-value="7"> 7 </div> <button class="js-vote-down-btn flex--item mb8 s-btn s-btn__muted s-btn__outlined bar-pill bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200" title="This answer is not useful" aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Down vote" data-selected-classes="fc-theme-primary bc-theme-primary bg-theme-primary-100" data-unselected-classes="bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconArrowDown" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="M1 6h16l-8 8z"/></svg> </button> <input type="hidden" id="voteDownHash" value="70:3:31e,16:950394a4c72cd10c,10:1739920671,16:6c32439026f12dce,8:11413925,acc6e31d78d375a3fb9994fc23685264849ab2f3daa8dd14d86e15d9529dedb1" /> <button class="js-saves-btn s-btn s-btn__unset c-pointer py4" type="button" id="saves-btn-11413925" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" data-s-popover-placement="" title="Save this answer." data-is-saved="false" aria-label="Save" data-post-id="11413925" data-post-type-id="2" data-user-privilege-for-post-click="0" aria-controls="" data-s-popover-auto-show="false" > <svg aria-hidden="true" class="fc-theme-primary-400 js-saves-btn-selected d-none svg-icon iconBookmark" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="M3 17V3c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14l-6-4z"/></svg> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="js-saves-btn-unselected svg-icon iconBookmarkAlt" width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18"><path d="m9 10.6 4 2.66V3H5v10.26zM3 17V3c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h8a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v14l-6-4z"/></svg> </button> <div class="js-accepted-answer-indicator flex--item fc-green-400 py6 mtn8 d-none" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="Loading when this answer was accepted…" tabindex="0" role="note" aria-label="Accepted"> <div class="ta-center"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-icon iconCheckmarkLg" width="36" height="36" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><path d="m6 14 8 8L30 6v8L14 30l-8-8z"/></svg> </div> </div> <a class="js-post-issue flex--item s-btn s-btn__unset c-pointer py6 mx-auto" href="/posts/11413925/timeline" data-shortcut="T" data-ks-title="timeline" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="Show activity on this post." aria-label="Timeline"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="mln2 mr0 svg-icon iconHistory" width="19" height="18" viewBox="0 0 19 18"><path d="M3 9a8 8 0 1 1 3.73 6.77L8.2 14.3A6 6 0 1 0 5 9l3.01-.01-4 4-4-4zm7-4h1.01L11 9.36l3.22 2.1-.6.93L10 10z"/></svg></a> </div> </div> <div class="answercell post-layout--right"> <div class="s-prose js-post-body" itemprop="text"> <p>Input validation is one possible case. You typically want to report all the errors in a form to the user in a single pass instead of stopping after the first one and forcing them to click submit repeatedly and only get a single error each time:</p> <pre><code>public boolean validateField(string userInput, string paramName) { bool valid; //do validation if (valid) { //updates UI to remove error indicator (if present) reportValid(paramName); } else { //updates UI to indicate a problem (color change, error icon, etc) reportInvalid(paramName); } } public boolean validateAllInput(...) { boolean valid = true; valid = valid & validateField(userInput1, paramName1); valid = valid & validateField(userInput2, paramName2); valid = valid & validateField(userInput3, paramName3); valid = valid & validateField(userInput4, paramName4); valid = valid & validateField(userInput5, paramName5); return valid; } public void onSubmit() { if (validateAllInput(...)) { //go to next page of wizard, update database, etc processUserInput(userInput1, userInput2, ... ); } } public void onInput1Changed() { validateField(input1.Text, paramName1); } public void onInput2Changed() { validateField(input2.Text, paramName2); } ... </code></pre> <p>Granted, you could trivially avoid the need for short circuit evaluation in <code>validateAllInput()</code> by refactoring the <code>if (valid) { reportValid() ...</code> logic outside of <code>validateField()</code>; but then you'd need to call the extracted code every time validateField() was called; at a minimum adding 10 extra lines for method calls. As always it's a case of which tradeoff's work best for you.</p> </div> <div class="mt24"> <div class="d-flex fw-wrap ai-start jc-end gs8 gsy"> <time itemprop="dateCreated" datetime="2012-07-10T13:04:15"></time> <div class="flex--item mr16" style="flex: 1 1 100px;"> <div class="js-post-menu pt2" data-post-id="11413925" data-post-type-id="2"> <div class="d-flex gs8 s-anchors s-anchors__muted fw-wrap"> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/a/11413925" rel="nofollow" itemprop="url" class="js-share-link js-gps-track" title="Short permalink to this answer" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 2, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="se-share-sheet" data-se-share-sheet-title="Share a link to this answer" data-se-share-sheet-subtitle="" data-se-share-sheet-post-type="answer" data-se-share-sheet-social="facebook twitter devto" data-se-share-sheet-location="2" data-se-share-sheet-license-url="https%3a%2f%2fcreativecommons.org%2flicenses%2fby-sa%2f3.0%2f" data-se-share-sheet-license-name="CC BY-SA 3.0" data-s-popover-placement="bottom-start">Share</a> </div> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/posts/11413925/edit" class="js-suggest-edit-post js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 6, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" title="">Improve this answer</a> </div> <div class="flex--item"> <button type="button" id="btnFollowPost-11413925" class="s-btn s-btn__link js-follow-post js-follow-answer js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 14, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="s-tooltip " data-s-tooltip-placement="bottom" data-s-popover-placement="bottom" aria-controls="" title="Follow this answer to receive notifications"> Follow <input type="hidden" id="voteFollowHash" value="70:3:31e,16:ca9d9af571661805,10:1739920671,16:41edc2aa71be9f70,8:11413925,7c3d1ccef76d7fbd6e120546f16c67e341d04d46f441ac3475d06e6b9a3756de" /> </button> </div> </div> <div class="js-menu-popup-container"></div> </div> </div> <div class="post-signature flex--item fl0"> <div class="user-info "> <div class="d-flex "> <div class="user-action-time fl-grow1"> <a href="/posts/11413925/revisions" title="show all edits to this post" class="js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 4, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })">edited <span title='2012-07-10 17:47:05Z' class='relativetime'>Jul 10, 2012 at 17:47</span></a> </div> </div> <div class="user-gravatar32"> </div> <div class="user-details"> <div class="-flair"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-signature flex--item fl0"> <div class="user-info "> <div class="d-flex "> <div class="user-action-time fl-grow1"> answered <span title='2012-07-10 13:04:15Z' class='relativetime'>Jul 10, 2012 at 13:04</span> </div> </div> <div class="user-gravatar32"> <a href="/users/85661/dan-is-fiddling-by-firelight"><div class="gravatar-wrapper-32"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/3057042cce69c2bf154ee8ca42c74bcc?s=64&d=identicon&r=PG&f=y&so-version=2" alt="Dan Is Fiddling By Firelight's user avatar" width="32" height="32" class="bar-sm"></div></a> </div> <div class="user-details" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="/users/85661/dan-is-fiddling-by-firelight" dir="auto">Dan Is Fiddling By Firelight</a><span class="d-none" itemprop="name">Dan Is Fiddling By Firelight</span> <div class="-flair"> <span class="reputation-score" title="reputation score " dir="ltr">6,061</span><span title="18 gold badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge1"></span><span class="badgecount">18</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">18 gold badges</span><span title="79 silver badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge2"></span><span class="badgecount">79</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">79 silver badges</span><span title="131 bronze badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge3"></span><span class="badgecount">131</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">131 bronze badges</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <span class="d-none" itemprop="commentCount">10</span> <div class="post-layout--right js-post-comments-component"> <div id="comments-11413925" class="comments js-comments-container bt bc-black-200 mt12 " data-post-id="11413925" data-min-length="15"> <ul class="comments-list js-comments-list" data-remaining-comments-count="5" data-canpost="false" data-cansee="true" data-comments-unavailable="false" data-addlink-disabled="true"> <li id="comment-15059567" class="comment js-comment " data-comment-id="15059567" data-comment-owner-id="476716" data-comment-score="0"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy">But using <code>&&</code> here is so much better. Otherwise you have to check every parameter pointlessly if the first one isn't valid.</span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/476716/orangedog" title="38,777 reputation" class="comment-user">OrangeDog</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-10 16:56:20Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 10, 2012 at 16:56</span> </span> </div> </div> </li> <li id="comment-15059854" class="comment js-comment " data-comment-id="15059854" data-comment-owner-id="10659" data-comment-score="0"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy">This is really a subset of the side-effects case listed above but it's a case where side effects might very well be tolerable programming.</span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/10659/loren-pechtel" title="9,093 reputation" class="comment-user">Loren Pechtel</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-10 17:06:26Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 10, 2012 at 17:06</span> </span> </div> </div> </li> <li id="comment-15060809" class="comment js-comment " data-comment-id="15060809" data-comment-owner-id="85661" data-comment-score="2"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> <span title="number of 'useful comment' votes received" class="cool">2</span> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy">@OrangeDog If I fill out a form with N errors and click submit I'd prefer to be informed that I need to fix X, Y, and Z. It's much more user friendly than: clicking submit, getting an error about X, fixing it, clicking submit again, getting an error about Y....</span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/85661/dan-is-fiddling-by-firelight" title="6,061 reputation" class="comment-user">Dan Is Fiddling By Firelight</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-10 17:39:07Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 10, 2012 at 17:39</span> </span> </div> </div> </li> <li id="comment-15060891" class="comment js-comment " data-comment-id="15060891" data-comment-owner-id="85661" data-comment-score="0"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy">@LorenPechtel Taskmaster and harold's answers both implied it was something you could do but shouldn't. This is a case where IMO using & and taking advantage of side effects is the better implementation.</span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/85661/dan-is-fiddling-by-firelight" title="6,061 reputation" class="comment-user">Dan Is Fiddling By Firelight</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-10 17:41:31Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 10, 2012 at 17:41</span> </span> </div> </div> </li> <li id="comment-15061513" class="comment js-comment " data-comment-id="15061513" data-comment-owner-id="476716" data-comment-score="0"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy">Oh right, I hadn't spotted you were giving feedback for all of them</span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/476716/orangedog" title="38,777 reputation" class="comment-user">OrangeDog</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-10 18:04:00Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 10, 2012 at 18:04</span> </span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="comments-link-11413925" data-rep=50 data-anon=true> <a class="js-add-link comments-link dno" title="Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. 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href="/posts/11412537/timeline" data-shortcut="T" data-ks-title="timeline" data-controller="s-tooltip" data-s-tooltip-placement="right" title="Show activity on this post." aria-label="Timeline"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="mln2 mr0 svg-icon iconHistory" width="19" height="18" viewBox="0 0 19 18"><path d="M3 9a8 8 0 1 1 3.73 6.77L8.2 14.3A6 6 0 1 0 5 9l3.01-.01-4 4-4-4zm7-4h1.01L11 9.36l3.22 2.1-.6.93L10 10z"/></svg></a> </div> </div> <div class="answercell post-layout--right"> <div class="s-prose js-post-body" itemprop="text"> <p>If the expression are trivial, you may get a micro-optimisation by using <code>&</code> or <code>|</code> in that you are preventing a branch. ie.</p> <pre><code>if(a && b) { } if(!(a || b)) { } </code></pre> <p>is the same as</p> <pre><code>if (a) if (b) { } if (!a) if (!b) { } </code></pre> <p>which has two places a branch can occur. </p> <p>However using an unconditional <code>&</code> or <code>|</code>, there can be only one branch.</p> <p>Whetehr this helps or not is highly dependant on what the code is doing.</p> <p>If you use this, I sugegst commenting it to make it very clear why it has been done.</p> </div> <div class="mt24"> <div class="d-flex fw-wrap ai-start jc-end gs8 gsy"> <time itemprop="dateCreated" datetime="2012-07-10T11:39:15"></time> <div class="flex--item mr16" style="flex: 1 1 100px;"> <div class="js-post-menu pt2" data-post-id="11412537" data-post-type-id="2"> <div class="d-flex gs8 s-anchors s-anchors__muted fw-wrap"> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/a/11412537" rel="nofollow" itemprop="url" class="js-share-link js-gps-track" title="Short permalink to this answer" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 2, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="se-share-sheet" data-se-share-sheet-title="Share a link to this answer" data-se-share-sheet-subtitle="" data-se-share-sheet-post-type="answer" data-se-share-sheet-social="facebook twitter devto" data-se-share-sheet-location="2" 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</div> <div class="js-menu-popup-container"></div> </div> </div> <div class="post-signature flex--item fl0"> <div class="user-info user-hover "> <div class="d-flex "> <div class="user-action-time fl-grow1"> answered <span title='2012-07-10 11:39:15Z' class='relativetime'>Jul 10, 2012 at 11:39</span> </div> </div> <div class="user-gravatar32"> <a href="/users/57695/peter-lawrey"><div class="gravatar-wrapper-32"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/53ee9941b3fefef67175daf212e62d41?s=64&d=identicon&r=PG" alt="Peter Lawrey's user avatar" width="32" height="32" class="bar-sm"></div></a> </div> <div class="user-details" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="/users/57695/peter-lawrey" dir="auto">Peter Lawrey</a><span class="d-none" itemprop="name">Peter Lawrey</span> <div class="-flair"> <span class="reputation-score" title="reputation score 533,620" dir="ltr">534k</span><span title="82 gold badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge1"></span><span 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In this case single <code>&</code> operator will suffice.</p> </div> <div class="mt24"> <div class="d-flex fw-wrap ai-start jc-end gs8 gsy"> <time itemprop="dateCreated" datetime="2012-07-10T11:14:11"></time> <div class="flex--item mr16" style="flex: 1 1 100px;"> <div class="js-post-menu pt2" data-post-id="11412092" data-post-type-id="2"> <div class="d-flex gs8 s-anchors s-anchors__muted fw-wrap"> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/a/11412092" rel="nofollow" itemprop="url" class="js-share-link js-gps-track" title="Short permalink to this answer" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 2, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="se-share-sheet" data-se-share-sheet-title="Share a link to this answer" data-se-share-sheet-subtitle="" data-se-share-sheet-post-type="answer" data-se-share-sheet-social="facebook twitter devto" data-se-share-sheet-location="2" data-se-share-sheet-license-url="https%3a%2f%2fcreativecommons.org%2flicenses%2fby-sa%2f3.0%2f" data-se-share-sheet-license-name="CC BY-SA 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"> <div class="d-flex "> <div class="user-action-time fl-grow1"> <a href="/posts/11412092/revisions" title="show all edits to this post" class="js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 4, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })">edited <span title='2012-07-10 13:03:22Z' class='relativetime'>Jul 10, 2012 at 13:03</span></a> </div> </div> <div class="user-gravatar32"> <a href="/users/4023/matthew-murdoch"><div class="gravatar-wrapper-32"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/tGVIt.jpg?s=64" alt="Matthew Murdoch's user avatar" width="32" height="32" class="bar-sm"></div></a> </div> <div class="user-details"> <a href="/users/4023/matthew-murdoch" dir="auto">Matthew Murdoch</a> <div class="-flair"> <span class="reputation-score" title="reputation score 31,463" dir="ltr">31.5k</span><span title="31 gold badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge1"></span><span class="badgecount">31</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">31 gold badges</span><span title="98 silver badges" aria-hidden="true"><span 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This can become a significant speed gain for this very specific use cases. If you need to check a large number of conditions, and do it often and the cost of boxing/unboxing the conditions are amortized by the number of checks, or if you store your data on-disk and on-RAM in that format (it is more space efficient to store 32 conditions in a single bitmask), the <code>&</code> operator can give a huge speed benefit over a series of 32 individual <code>&&</code>. For example if you want to select all units that can move, is an infantry, has weapon upgrade, and is controlled by player 3, you can do:</p> <pre><code>int MASK = CAN_MOVE | INFANTRY | CAN_ATTACK | HAS_WEAPON_UPGRADE | PLAYER_3; for (Unit u in allunits) { if (u.mask & MASK == MASK) { ...; } } </code></pre> <p>See <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7331686/why-and-not/7336620#7336620">my other answers</a> on a related question for more on the topic.</p> </div> <div class="mt24"> <div class="d-flex fw-wrap ai-start jc-end gs8 gsy"> <time itemprop="dateCreated" datetime="2012-07-11T03:11:41"></time> <div class="flex--item mr16" style="flex: 1 1 100px;"> <div class="js-post-menu pt2" data-post-id="11424999" data-post-type-id="2"> <div class="d-flex gs8 s-anchors s-anchors__muted fw-wrap"> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/a/11424999" rel="nofollow" itemprop="url" class="js-share-link js-gps-track" title="Short permalink to this answer" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 2, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="se-share-sheet" data-se-share-sheet-title="Share a link to this answer" data-se-share-sheet-subtitle="" data-se-share-sheet-post-type="answer" data-se-share-sheet-social="facebook twitter devto" data-se-share-sheet-location="2" data-se-share-sheet-license-url="https%3a%2f%2fcreativecommons.org%2flicenses%2fby-sa%2f3.0%2f" data-se-share-sheet-license-name="CC BY-SA 3.0" data-s-popover-placement="bottom-start">Share</a> </div> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/posts/11424999/edit" class="js-suggest-edit-post js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 6, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" title="">Improve this answer</a> </div> <div class="flex--item"> <button type="button" id="btnFollowPost-11424999" class="s-btn s-btn__link js-follow-post js-follow-answer js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 14, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="s-tooltip " data-s-tooltip-placement="bottom" data-s-popover-placement="bottom" aria-controls="" title="Follow this answer to receive notifications"> Follow <input type="hidden" id="voteFollowHash" value="70:3:31e,16:a657b3848ae29685,10:1739920671,16:0916c68bdbf4bc30,8:11424999,58501a5f6097e6e63db4f6bc5d2cc6dca6153a29815eef0123d99e2f61972567" /> </button> </div> </div> <div class="js-menu-popup-container"></div> </div> </div> <div class="post-signature flex--item fl0"> <div class="user-info user-hover "> <div class="d-flex "> <div class="user-action-time fl-grow1"> <a href="/posts/11424999/revisions" title="show all edits to this post" class="js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 4, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })">edited <span title='2017-05-23 12:06:14Z' class='relativetime'>May 23, 2017 at 12:06</span></a> </div> </div> <div class="user-gravatar32"> <a href="/users/-1/community"><div class="gravatar-wrapper-32"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/a007be5a61f6aa8f3e85ae2fc18dd66e?s=64&d=identicon&r=PG" alt="Community's user avatar" width="32" height="32" class="bar-sm"></div></a> </div> <div class="user-details"> <a href="/users/-1/community" dir="auto">Community</a><span class="flex--item s-badge ml2 s-badge__xs mtn2" title="Community Bot — not a real person. 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} // ... if(x == y & update()){ /* ... */} </code></pre> <p>Although you can do this without <code>&</code>:</p> <pre><code>if(x == y){/* ... */} update(); </code></pre> </div> <div class="mt24"> <div class="d-flex fw-wrap ai-start jc-end gs8 gsy"> <time itemprop="dateCreated" datetime="2012-07-10T11:14:27"></time> <div class="flex--item mr16" style="flex: 1 1 100px;"> <div class="js-post-menu pt2" data-post-id="11412097" data-post-type-id="2"> <div class="d-flex gs8 s-anchors s-anchors__muted fw-wrap"> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/a/11412097" rel="nofollow" itemprop="url" class="js-share-link js-gps-track" title="Short permalink to this answer" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 2, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="se-share-sheet" data-se-share-sheet-title="Share a link to this answer" data-se-share-sheet-subtitle="" data-se-share-sheet-post-type="answer" data-se-share-sheet-social="facebook twitter devto" data-se-share-sheet-location="2" data-se-share-sheet-license-url="https%3a%2f%2fcreativecommons.org%2flicenses%2fby-sa%2f3.0%2f" data-se-share-sheet-license-name="CC BY-SA 3.0" data-s-popover-placement="bottom-start">Share</a> </div> <div class="flex--item"> <a href="/posts/11412097/edit" class="js-suggest-edit-post js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 6, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" title="">Improve this answer</a> </div> <div class="flex--item"> <button type="button" id="btnFollowPost-11412097" class="s-btn s-btn__link js-follow-post js-follow-answer js-gps-track" data-gps-track="post.click({ item: 14, priv: 0, post_type: 2 })" data-controller="s-tooltip " data-s-tooltip-placement="bottom" data-s-popover-placement="bottom" aria-controls="" title="Follow this answer to receive notifications"> Follow <input type="hidden" id="voteFollowHash" value="70:3:31e,16:b867a3535f3c55c7,10:1739920671,16:0120004a07579b19,8:11412097,bba6dc379754f4824e5f92dd822f311be1b1c686e6e394567e3e64c372d21377" /> </button> </div> </div> <div class="js-menu-popup-container"></div> </div> </div> <div class="post-signature flex--item fl0"> <div class="user-info user-hover "> <div class="d-flex "> <div class="user-action-time fl-grow1"> answered <span title='2012-07-10 11:14:27Z' class='relativetime'>Jul 10, 2012 at 11:14</span> </div> </div> <div class="user-gravatar32"> <a href="/users/597657/eng-fouad"><div class="gravatar-wrapper-32"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/0h5ec.jpg?s=64" alt="Eng.Fouad's user avatar" width="32" height="32" class="bar-sm"></div></a> </div> <div class="user-details" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <a href="/users/597657/eng-fouad" dir="auto">Eng.Fouad</a><span class="d-none" itemprop="name">Eng.Fouad</span> <div class="-flair"> <span class="reputation-score" title="reputation score 117,607" dir="ltr">118k</span><span title="74 gold badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge1"></span><span class="badgecount">74</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">74 gold badges</span><span title="324 silver badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge2"></span><span class="badgecount">324</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">324 silver badges</span><span title="427 bronze badges" aria-hidden="true"><span class="badge3"></span><span class="badgecount">427</span></span><span class="v-visible-sr">427 bronze badges</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <span class="d-none" itemprop="commentCount">1</span> <div class="post-layout--right js-post-comments-component"> <div id="comments-11412097" class="comments js-comments-container bt bc-black-200 mt12 " data-post-id="11412097" data-min-length="15"> <ul class="comments-list js-comments-list" data-remaining-comments-count="0" data-canpost="false" data-cansee="true" data-comments-unavailable="false" data-addlink-disabled="true"> <li id="comment-15075563" class="comment js-comment " data-comment-id="15075563" data-comment-owner-id="1968" data-comment-score="1"> <div class="js-comment-actions comment-actions"> <div class="comment-score js-comment-score js-comment-edit-hide"> <span title="number of 'useful comment' votes received" class="cool">1</span> </div> </div> <div class="comment-text js-comment-text-and-form"> <div class="comment-body js-comment-edit-hide"> <span class="comment-copy">The first code is quite dangerous. If I saw this in a project I would assume the programmer made an error here, and correct it, thus removing the unconditional side-effect inadvertently.</span> <div class="d-inline-flex ai-center"> – <a href="/users/1968/konrad-rudolph" title="545,766 reputation" class="comment-user">Konrad Rudolph</a> </div> <span class="comment-date" dir="ltr"> <span class="v-visible-sr">Commented</span> <span title='2012-07-11 08:04:06Z, License: CC BY-SA 3.0' class='relativetime-clean'>Jul 11, 2012 at 8:04</span> </span> <span title="this comment was edited 1 time"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="va-text-bottom o50 svg-icon iconPencilSm" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 0 14 14"><path fill="#F1B600" d="m2 10.12 6.37-6.43 1.88 1.88L3.88 12H2z"/><path fill="#E87C87" d="m11.1 1.71 1.13 1.12c.2.2.2.51 0 .71L11.1 4.7 9.21 2.86l1.17-1.15c.2-.2.51-.2.71 0"/></svg> </span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="comments-link-11412097" data-rep=50 data-anon=true> <a class="js-add-link comments-link disabled-link" title="Use comments to ask for more information or suggest improvements. Avoid comments like “+1” or “thanks”." href="#" role="button">Add a comment</a> <span class="js-link-separator dno"> | </span> <a class="js-show-link comments-link dno" title="Expand to show all comments on this post" href=# onclick="" role="button"></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a name="11645553"></a> <div id="answer-11645553" class="answer js-answer" data-answerid="11645553" data-parentid="11411907" data-score="1" data-position-on-page="11" data-highest-scored="0" data-question-has-accepted-highest-score="1" itemprop="suggestedAnswer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Answer"> <div class="post-layout"> <div class="votecell post-layout--left"> <div class="js-voting-container d-flex jc-center fd-column ai-center gs4 fc-black-300" data-post-id="11645553" data-referrer="None"> <button class="js-vote-up-btn flex--item s-btn s-btn__muted s-btn__outlined bar-pill bc-black-225 f:bc-theme-secondary-400 f:bg-theme-secondary-400 f:fc-black-050 h:bg-theme-primary-200" 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