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hadé nyieun akun sarta asup log" class=""><span>Jieun akun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Husus:AsupLog&returnto=Hukum&returntoquery=action%3Dedit" title="Leuwih hadé asup log, sok sanajan teu wajib [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Asup log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Parabot pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Husus:ObrolanKuring" title="Sawala ngeunaan éditan ti alamat IP ieu [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Obrolan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Témbongkeun sumber pikeun Hukum</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Artikel ini hanya tersedia dalam bahasa ini. Terjemahkan artikelnya ke dalam bahasa lain" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tambahkeun basa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ngaranspasi"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hukum" title="Témbongkeun eusi kaca [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Kaca</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obrolan:Hukum&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Sawala ngeunaan eusi kaca (kaca can aya) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Sawala</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Sunda</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Témbongan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hukum"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hukum&veaction=edit" title="Édit ieu kaca [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Édit</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="selected collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hukum&action=edit" 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You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details.</div></div><hr /> <p>Anjeun bisa nempo sarta néplak sumber ieu kaca. </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="su" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">{{Tarjamahkeun|Inggris}} :''Artikel ieu ngeunaan hukum dina [[masarakat]]. Harti mungkin sejenna bisa ditempo di [[law (disambiguation)]].'' Artikel ieu mokuskeun kana '''hukum''' [[pulitik]] sarta [[yurisprudénsi]]: rules of conduct which mandate and/or proscribe specified [[relationship]]s among [[human|people]] and [[Organisasi]]; as well as punishments for those who do not follow the established rules of conduct. In [[ethics]] and moral [[philosophy]] this type of law is often called a "human [[legal code]]" to distinguish it from more fundamental laws applicable to all beings ([[metaphysics]], [[ontology]]). Such a body of laws can be seen as a legally-enforced [[ethical code]] or as a "secular [[moral code]]" (to the degree that political léaders replace religious léaders as [[moral example]]s). Because lawyers and jurists more than other professions are self-regulating, almost by definition, they are often held to higher standards of behaviour or at léast a stricter [[etiquette]]. These concerns are not part of this article, because those expectations and disciplines are specific to éach [[legal code]]. This article takes an English-spéaking point of view and déals with other legal traditions and codes by way of comparison only. ==Yurisprudénsi== Jurisprudence refers to two different things. First, in [[common law]] jurisdictions, it méans simply "[[case law]]", i.e. the law that is established through the decisions of the courts and other officials. Second, it méans the [[philosophy of law]], or [[legal theory]], which studies not what the law is in a particular jurisdiction (say, Turkey or the United States) but law in general—i.e. those attributes common to all legal systems. Jurisprudence in the second sense is conventionally divided into two parts: descriptive, or analytic, jurisprudence, and [[normative jurisprudence]]. [[Analytic jurisprudence]] studies what law 'is', normative jurisprudence studies what law 'ought to be'. Among the most important questions of analytic jurisprudence are these: What is a law? What is a [[legal system]]? What is the relationship between [[law]] and [[power (sociology)|power]]? What is the relationship between law and [[justice]] or [[morality]]? Does every society have a legal system? How should we understand [[concept]]s like [[legal right]]s and [[legal duty|legal obligations or duties]]? The most influential works of analytic jurisprudence include: [[Jeremy Bentham]], ''[[Of Laws in General]]''; [[Hans Kelsen]], ''[[The Pure Theory of Law]],'' [[H.L.A. Hart]], ''[[The Concept of Law]]'', and [[Ronald Dworkin]], ''[[Law's Empire]]''. Among the most important questions of normative jurisprudence are these: What is the [[proper function of law]]? What sorts of acts should be subject to [[sanction|punishment]], and what sorts of punishment should be permitted? What is [[justice]]? What [[legal right|rights]] do we have? Is there a duty to obey the law? What value has the [[rule of law]]? The most influential works of normative jurisprudence include all the [[classics of political philosophy]]. Among contemporary writers, the following have been particularly influential: [[John Rawls]], ''[[A Theory of Justice]]'' [[H.L.A. Hart]], ''[[Punishment and Responsibility]]''; [[Joel Feinberg]], ''[[The Moral Limits of the Criminal Law]]''; [[Joseph Raz]], ''[[The Morality of Freedom]]''; [[Ronald Dworkin]], ''[[A Matter of Principle]]'' ==Codification of law== Law is the formal [[codification]] of [[custom]]s which have achieved such acceptance as become the enforced norm. The process of acceptance is accelerated by the existence of [[legislature|legislative]] bodies which seek to impose laws. Law codification involves the [[legislation]] and [[regulation]] of [[statute]]s; as well as the [[dispute resolution|resolution of disputes]]. In the [[civil law|civil law system]] codification is also an attempt to structure the law according to fundamental [[ethics|ethical]] principles to créate a sense of order and simplicity that all members of society can comprehend, not merely university trained [[jurist]]s. Stating the law in simple, precise terms, understandable to the lay person without a specialized legal education, is the only way they can réasonably obey it or be fairly sanctioned for not obeying it. This overlaps with the idéa of a formal social [[legal code]] as understood in [[ethics]]. This may be understandable to the educated lay person but perhaps not to the ordinary lay person. For example, one can explain the idéa of [[precedent]] more éasily than that of the [[reasonable man]], but it may be much harder to explain why precedent is "[[fairness|fair]]" to one without "[[higher education]]". The following are examples of such lay explanations of different branches of law, and théories of law. == Law as academic discipline and profession == In addition to being part of the societal framework law is also an academic discipline and a [[profession]]. [[Lawyer]]s are sometimes called by other names, as in [[English law|England]] where the profession is divided between [[solicitor]]s and [[barrister]]s or [[solicitor]] and [[advocate]] in [[Scotland]]. Sometimes they are also called [[civil law notary|notaries]]. (Do not confuse this term with ''[[notary public]]'' which is an individual who is licensed to act as a witness to certain transactions, take oaths and authenticate signatures.) They are professionally trained in the United States at [[graduate]] [[law school|schools of law]] léading to the [[J.D.]] degree (Juris Doctor). In other countries legal education is considered to start at the [[undergraduate]] stage taught in [[faculty of law]] léading to the [[LL.B.]] or [[B.C.L.]] degrees. NOTE: In Canada at léast, the LL.B. requires previous undergraduate studies. Law is an undergraduate degree mainly in civil law countries. Most of these schools also have advanced legal degrees such as the [[LL.M.]] and the [[J.S.D.]] degrees. Many persons who attend law school never practice law but use their knowledge of law in another profession. See [[Law (academic)]] and [[jurisprudence]] For law as a profession, see [[lawyer]], [[jurist]] and [[practice of law]]. == Further discussion == Most laws and legal systems&mdash;at léast in the Western world&mdash;are quite similar in their essential themes, arising from similar values and similar social, economic, and political conditions, and they typically differ less in their substantive content than in their [[technical terminology|jargon]] and procedures. Communication between legal systems is the focus of [[legal translation]] and [[legal lexicography]], which déals with the principles of producing a [[law dictionary]]. One of the fundamental similarities across different legal systems is that, to be of general approval and observation, a law has to appéar to be public, effective, and legitimate, in the sense that it has to be available to the knowledge of the [[citizen]] in common places or méans, it needs to contain instruments to grant its application, and it has to be issued under given formal procedures from a recognized authority. In the context of most legal systems, laws are enacted through the processes of [[constitutional charter]], [[constitutional amendment]], [[legislation]], [[executive order]], [[rulemaking]], and [[adjudication]]; within [[Common law]] jurisdictions, rulings by judges are an important additional source of legal rules. However, ''de facto'' laws also come into existence through custom and tradition. (See generally [[consuetudinary|Consuetudinary law]]; [[Anarchist law]].) Law has an [[anthropology|anthropological]] dimension. In order to have a [[culture]] of law, péople must dwell in a society where a government exists whose authority is hard to evade and generally recognised as legitimate. Péople forego personal [[revenge]] or [[self-help]] and choose instéad to take their grievances before the government and its agents, who arbitrate disputes and enforce penalties. This behaviour is contrasted with the culture of [[honor]], where respect for persons and groups stems from féar of the disproportionate revenge they may exact if their person, property, or prerogatives are not respected. Cultures of law must be maintained. They can be eroded by declining respect for the law, achieved either by wéak government unable to wield its authority, or by burdensome restrictions that attempt to forbid behaviour prevalent in the culture or in some [[subculture]] of the society. When a culture of law declines, there is a possibility that an undesirable culture of honor will arise in its place. A particular [[society]] or community adopts a specific set of laws to regulate the behavior of its own members, to order life in its political [[territory]], to grant or acknowledge the [[right]]s and privileges of its citizens and other péople who may come under the jurisdiction of its [[Court (judicial)|courts]], and to resolve disputes. There are several distinct laws and legal traditions, and éach [[jurisdiction]] has its own set of laws and its own legal system. Individually codified laws are known as [[statute]]s, and the collective body of laws relating to one subject or emanating from one source are usually identified by specific reference. (E.g., [[Roman law]], [[Common law]], and [[Criminal law]].) Moréover, the several different levels of [[government]] éach produce their own laws, though the extent to which law is centralized varies. Thus, at any one place there can be conflicting laws in force at the local, regional, state, national, or international levels. (See [[conflict of laws]], [[Preemption of State and Local Laws]].) ==Bodies of law, a sampling== ''This list is not comprehensive.'' *[[Administrative law]] refers to the body of law which regulates buréaucratic managerial procedures and is administered by the [[executive branch]] of a [[government]]; rather than the [[judicial branch|judicial]] or [[legislative branch|legislative]] branches (if they are different in that particular jurisdiction). This body of law regulates [[international trade]], [[manufacturing]], [[pollution]], [[tax]]ation, and the like. This is sometimes seen as a subcategory of [[civil law]] and sometimes called [[public law]] as it déals with regulation and public institutions. *[[Canon law]] refers to laws of the [[Anglican Communion|Anglican]], [[Eastern Orthodoxy|Eastern Orthodox]], [[Roman Catholic]] [[church]]es. *[[Case law]] (precedental law) regulates, via [[precedent]]s, how laws are to be understood. Case law, also called [[common law]] or [[judge]]-made law, is derived from the body of rulings made by a country's courts. In the United States, the primary source of case law relating to federal and [[constitution]]al questions is the [[Supreme Court of the United States]]. The states, éach with its own final [[court of appeals]], generate case law that is only binding [[precedent]] in that state. In countries that were once part of the [[British Empire]] the [[Judicial Committee of the Privy Council]] and the [[Judicial functions of the House of Lords|House of Lords]] are primary sources of case law, though not necessarily binding precedent, as éach country has its own [[court of last resort]]. *[[Civil law]], not to be confused with the civil legal system, has several méanings: **[[civil law|Secular law]] is the legal system of a [[non-theocratic]] [[government]], such as that which developed in [[England]], especially during the reign of [[Henry II of England|Henry II]] **[[civil law|Private law]] regulates relationships between persons and organizations including contracts and responsible behaviour such as through liability through [[negligence]]. This body of law enforces statutes or the [[common law]] by allowing a party, whose rights have been violated, to collect [[damages]] from a [[defendant]]. Where [[money|monetary]] damages are deemed insufficient, civil court may offer other remedies in [[equity]]; such as forbidding soméone to do an act (eg; an [[injunction]]) or formally changing soméone's legal status (eg; [[divorce]]). This body of law includes the [[tort|law of torts]] in common law systems, or in civilian systems, the [[Law of Obligations]]. *[[Commercial law]], often considered to be part of [[civil law]], covers [[business]] and [[commerce]] relations including [[sales]] and [[business entity|business entities]]. *[[Common law]] is derived from [[Anglo-Saxon]] [[custom|customary law]], also referred to as judge-made law, as it developed over the course of many centuries in the English courts. *[[Criminal law]] (penal law) is the body of laws which regulate [[government]]al [[sanction]]s (such as [[prison|imprisonment]] and/or fines) as retaliation for [[crime]]s against the [[social control|social order]]. * [[International law]] governs the relations between [[states]], or between [[citizens]] of different states, or [[international organizations]]. Its two primary sources are [[custom (law)|customary law]] and [[treaty|treaties]]. *[[Procedural Law]] are rules and regulations found in an legal system that regulate access to legal institutions such as the courts, including the filing of private [[lawsuit]]s and regulating the tréatment of [[defendant]]s and [[convict]]s by the public [[criminal justice]] system. Within this field are laws regulating [[arrest]]s and [[evidence]], [[injunction]]s and [[pleading]]s. Procedural law defines the procedure by which law is to be enforced. See [[criminal procedure]] and [[civil procedure]]. *[[Space law]] regulates events occurring outside éarth's atmosphere. At present this is limited to several tréaties against atomic testing in space. == Legal subject areas == [[Administrative law]] - [[Admiralty law|Admiralty]] - [[Alternative dispute resolution]] - [[Appellate review]] - [[Brehon Laws]] - [[Civil procedure]] - [[Civil rights]] - [[Commercial law]] - [[Comparative law]] - [[Consuetudinary|Consuetudinary law]] - [[Contract]]s - [[Constitutional law]] - [[Courts of England and Wales]] - [[Corporations law]] - [[Criminal law]] - [[Criminal procedure]] - [[Election law]] - [[Environmental law]] - [[Equity]] - [[Evidence]] - [[Family law]] - [[Human rights law|Human rights]] - [[Immigration]] - [[Intellectual Property law|Intellectual property]] - [[Jurisprudence]] - [[Law and economics]] - [[agency (law)|Agency]] - [[Law of Obligations]] - [[Labor law]] - [[Land use]] - [[List of items for which possession is restricted]] - [[Military law]] - [[Philosophy of law]] - [[Practice of law]] - [[Private law]] - [[Procedural law]] - [[Property law]] - [[Public Health law]] - [[Religious law]] - [[Statutory law]] - [[Tax law]] - [[Technology law]] - [[Torts]] - [[Trusts and Estates]] - [[Cyber law]] - [[Water law]] == Subjects auxiliary to law == [[Government]] - [[Legal history]] - [[Law and literature]] - [[Political science]] ==Terms, case law, legislation and other resources== * [[Law topics overview]] * [[List of jurists]] * [[List of legal topics]] * [[List of basic criminal justice topics]] * [[List of international public law topics]] * [[List of Supreme Court of Canada cases]] * [[List of Judicial Committees of the Privy Council & House of Lords cases]] * [[List of United States Supreme Court cases]] * [[List of leading legal cases in copyright law]] * [[List of treaties]] * [[List of Uniform Acts (United States)]] * [[List of United States federal legislation]] * [[Québec Highway Safety Code]] == Legal books == * [[Black's Law Dictionary]] * [[Halsbury's Laws of England]] * [[Corpus Juris Secundum]] * [[American Law Reports]] * [[Recueil Dalloz]] ==Further reading== * <cite>Cheyenne Way: Conflict & Case Law in Primitive Jurisprudence</cite>, Karl N. Llewellyn and E. Adamson Hoebel, University of Oklahoma Press, 1983, trade paperback, 374 pages, ISBN 0806118555 *''The Bilingual LSP Dictionary. Principles and Practice for Legal language'', Sandro Nielsen, Gunter Narr Verlag 1994. * [http://browse.addall.com/Browse/Author/2088479-1 Other books by Karl N. Llewellyn] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021117171612/http://browse.addall.com/Browse/Author/2088479-1 |date=2002-11-17 }} == See also == * [[Law (principle)]] * [[List of legal abbreviations]] * [[Legal code]] * [[Letter versus Spirit]] * [[Natural law]] * [[Religious law]] * [[Witness intimidation]] == External links == *[http://www.HavenWorks.com/law Law & Legal News & Reference] *[http://www.ericdigests.org/1996-3/law.htm Essentials of Law-Related Education. ERIC Digest.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040826075805/http://www.ericdigests.org/1996-3/law.htm |date=2004-08-26 }} *[http://www.worldlii.org WorldLII - The World Legal Information Institute] [[Kategori:Hukum]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p>Citakan nu dipaké dina ieu kaca: </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Citakan:Info" title="Citakan:Info">Citakan:Info</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Info&action=edit" title="Citakan:Info">édit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Citakan:Tarjamahkeun" title="Citakan:Tarjamahkeun">Citakan:Tarjamahkeun</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Tarjamahkeun&action=edit" title="Citakan:Tarjamahkeun">édit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Citakan:Webarchive" title="Citakan:Webarchive">Citakan:Webarchive</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Citakan:Webarchive&action=edit" title="Citakan:Webarchive">édit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Arguments" title="Modul:Arguments">Modul:Arguments</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Arguments&action=edit" title="Modul:Arguments">édit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:No_globals" title="Modul:No globals">Modul:No globals</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:No_globals&action=edit" title="Modul:No globals">édit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Webarchive" title="Modul:Webarchive">Modul:Webarchive</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Webarchive&action=edit" title="Modul:Webarchive">édit</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Webarchive/data" title="Modul:Webarchive/data">Modul:Webarchive/data</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Webarchive/data&action=edit" title="Modul:Webarchive/data">édit</a>) </li></ul></div><p id="mw-returnto">Balik deui ka <a href="/wiki/Hukum" title="Hukum">Hukum</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Dicomot ti "<a dir="ltr" href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hukum">https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hukum</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Kawijakan privasi</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ngeunaan">Ngeunaan Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bantahan_umum">Bantahan</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Kode Etik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Pamekar</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/su.wikipedia.org">Statistik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Pernyataan réréméh</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//su.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hukum&action=edit&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Pidangan sélulér</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b8d669998-bbkjj","wgBackendResponseTime":156,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.004","walltime":"0.005","ppvisitednodes":{"value":17,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":708,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b8d669998-bbkjj","timestamp":"20241128061143","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>