Active Acoustic Surfaces Enable the Propulsion of a Wireless Robot

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Acoustic energy holds great potential, as it is wireless, penetrates deep into biological tissues, and the mechanical vibrations can be directly converted into directional forces. Recently, active acoustic surfaces are developed that consist of 2D arrays of microcavities holding microbubbles that can be excited with an external acoustic field. At resonance, the surfaces give rise to acoustic streaming and thus provide a highly directional propulsive force. Here, this study advances these wireless surface actuators by studying their force output as the size of the bubble-array is increased. In particular, a general method is reported to dramatically improve the propulsive force, demonstrating that the surface actuators are actually able to propel centimeter-scale devices. To prove the flexibility of the functional surfaces as wireless ready-to-attach actuator, a mobile mini-robot capable of propulsion in water along multiple directions is presented. This work paves the way toward effectively exploiting acoustic surfaces as a novel wireless actuation scheme at small scales." /> <meta name="DC.contributor" content="Istituto di Biorobotica" xml:lang="*" /> <meta name="DC.contributor" content="529" xml:lang="*" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="acoustic streaming" xml:lang="*" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="active surface" xml:lang="*" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="robot" xml:lang="*" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="ultrasound" xml:lang="*" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="wireless actuation" xml:lang="*" /> <meta name="DC.date" content="2023/05/16 10:49:34" xml:lang="*" scheme="DCTERMS.W3CDTF" /> <meta name="DC.date" content="1684226974570" xml:lang="*" scheme="DCTERMS.W3CDTF" /> <meta name="DC.contributor" content="AREA MIN. 09 - Ingegneria industriale e dell'informazione" xml:lang="*" /> <meta name="DC.description" content="Qiu T.; Palagi S.; Mark A.G.; Melde K.; Adams F.; Fischer P." xml:lang="en" /> <meta name="DC.description" content="Qiu, T.; Palagi, S.; Mark, A. 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Acoustic energy holds great potential, as it is wireless, penetrates deep into biological tissues, and the mechanical vibrations can be directly converted into directional forces. Recently, active acoustic surfaces are developed that consist of 2D arrays of microcavities holding microbubbles that can be excited with an external acoustic field. At resonance, the surfaces give rise to acoustic streaming and thus provide a highly directional propulsive force. Here, this study advances these wireless surface actuators by studying their force output as the size of the bubble-array is increased. In particular, a general method is reported to dramatically improve the propulsive force, demonstrating that the surface actuators are actually able to propel centimeter-scale devices. To prove the flexibility of the functional surfaces as wireless ready-to-attach actuator, a mobile mini-robot capable of propulsion in water along multiple directions is presented. This work paves the way toward effectively exploiting acoustic surfaces as a novel wireless actuation scheme at small scales.</p> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-12 col-xl-9"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"> <div> <h3 class="mb-1 text-secondary">Active Acoustic Surfaces Enable the Propulsion of a Wireless Robot</h3> <h5> <em><span class="contributor externalContributor externalContributordd9e0b33-86ff-709e-e053-3705fe0a83fd m-1 disabled" aria-disabled="true" style="display:none;">Qiu T.;</span><span class="contributor internalContributor internalContributordd9e0b33-86ff-709e-e053-3705fe0a83fd m-1"><a href="/cris/rp/rp01183" class="authority author">Palagi S.</a>;</span><span class="contributor externalContributor externalContributordd9e0b33-86ff-709e-e053-3705fe0a83fd m-1 disabled" aria-disabled="true" style="display:none;">Mark A. G.;</span><span class="contributor externalContributor externalContributordd9e0b33-86ff-709e-e053-3705fe0a83fd m-1 disabled" aria-disabled="true" style="display:none;">Melde K.;</span><span class="contributor externalContributor externalContributordd9e0b33-86ff-709e-e053-3705fe0a83fd m-1 disabled" aria-disabled="true" style="display:none;">Adams F.;</span><span class="contributor externalContributor externalContributordd9e0b33-86ff-709e-e053-3705fe0a83fd m-1 disabled" aria-disabled="true" style="display:none;">Fischer P.<sup class="ms-1"><h6 class="badge bg-info"><span class="fas fa-at" title="Corresponding author"></span></h6></sup></span></em> <span onclick="JQ('.externalContributordd9e0b33-86ff-709e-e053-3705fe0a83fd').toggle();JQ('.showExternalTextdd9e0b33-86ff-709e-e053-3705fe0a83fd').toggle();JQ('.hideExternalTextdd9e0b33-86ff-709e-e053-3705fe0a83fd').toggle();" class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary m-1"> <span class="showExternalTextdd9e0b33-86ff-709e-e053-3705fe0a83fd"><span class="fas fa-users" title="mostra contributor esterni"></span></span> <span class="hideExternalTextdd9e0b33-86ff-709e-e053-3705fe0a83fd" style="display:none;"><span class="fas fa-user" title="nascondi contributor esterni"></span></span> </span> </h5> <h5>2017-01-01</h5> <hr/> <h4 class="mb-1">Abstract</h4> A major challenge that prevents the miniaturization of mechanically actuated systems is the lack of suitable methods that permit the efficient transfer of power to small scales. Acoustic energy holds great potential, as it is wireless, penetrates deep into biological tissues, and the mechanical vibrations can be directly converted into directional forces. Recently, active acoustic surfaces are developed that consist of 2D arrays of microcavities holding microbubbles that can be excited with an external acoustic field. At resonance, the surfaces give rise to acoustic streaming and thus provide a highly directional propulsive force. Here, this study advances these wireless surface actuators by studying their force output as the size of the bubble-array is increased. In particular, a general method is reported to dramatically improve the propulsive force, demonstrating that the surface actuators are actually able to propel centimeter-scale devices. To prove the flexibility of the functional surfaces as wireless ready-to-attach actuator, a mobile mini-robot capable of propulsion in water along multiple directions is presented. This work paves the way toward effectively exploiting acoustic surfaces as a novel wireless actuation scheme at small scales. </div> <div class="dspace-display-item tabbable page-tabs mt-3"> <h5> <ul class="nav nav-tabs border-bottom fw-bold"> <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link active" href="#tab_default" onclick="changeItemView('simple');" data-bs-toggle="tab">Scheda breve</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link " href="#tab_default" onclick="changeItemView('complete');" data-bs-toggle="tab">Scheda completa</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link " href="#tab_default" onclick="changeItemView('full');" data-bs-toggle="tab">Scheda completa (DC)</a></li> <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" onclick="location.href='/cris/item/11382/545995/statistics'" data-bs-toggle="tab"><span class="far fa-chart-bar"></span></a></li> </ul> </h5> <div class="tab-content"> <div class="tab-pane active fade show" id="tab_default"> <div class="itemDisplayTable container-fluid g-3"> <div class="line form-group row metadataFieldValue pt-2 pb-2 dc_date_issued" id="dc.date.issued_line" > <div class="line-label col-md-12"><label for="dc.date.issued" class="control-label metadataFieldLabel dc_date_issued"> <span class="line-label-text">Anno del prodotto</span> </label></div> <div class="line-content col-sm-12" id="dc.date.issued_content"> <em>2017</em> </div> </div> <div class="line form-group row metadataFieldValue pt-2 pb-2 dspace_collection" id="dspace_collection_line" > <div class="line-label col-md-12"><label for="dspace_collection" class="control-label metadataFieldLabel dspace_collection"> <span class="line-label-text">Appare nelle tipologie:</span> </label></div> <div class="line-content col-sm-12" id="dspace_collection_content"> <a href="/handle/11382/496776">1.1 Articolo su Rivista/Article</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> <script type="text/x-tmpl" id="tmpLicenseDetail"> <div class="d-flex align-items-center"> {% if (o.licenseImage != null) { %} <div class="flex-shrink-0"> <img src="{%= o.licenseImage %}" /> </div> {% } %} <div class="flex-grow-1 ms-3"> {%# o.licenseName %} </div> </div> </script> <div id="bitstreams" class="card bg-white mt-2"> <div class="card-header">File in questo prodotto:</div> <div class="card-body">Non ci sono file associati a questo prodotto.</div> </div> <div class="col-lg-12 mt-2"> </div> <div class="col-lg-12 mt-2"> <p class="submitFormHelp alert alert-info">I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.</p> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-12 col-xl-3" id="itemInformationsDiv"> <div id="_line" > <div class="accordion" id="accordion_"> <div class="accordion-item"> <h5 class="accordion-header" id="heading_"> <button class="accordion-button bg-info bg-opacity-25 collapsed" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#collapse_" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapse_"><i class="fas fa-info-circle"></i> Informazioni</button> </h5> <div id="collapse_" class="accordion-collapse collapse show" aria-labelledby="heading_" data-bs-parent="#accordion_"> <div class="accordion-body"> Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: <code>https://hdl.handle.net/11382/545995</code> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> runningExternal=false; 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Active Acoustic Surfaces Enable the Propulsion of a Wireless Robot