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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_lives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_lives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early lives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_lives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marburg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marburg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Marburg</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marburg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kassel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kassel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Kassel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kassel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Göttingen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Göttingen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Göttingen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Göttingen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Berlin_and_later_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Berlin_and_later_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Berlin and later years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Berlin_and_later_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Children's_and_Household_Tales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Children's_and_Household_Tales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span><i>Children's and Household Tales</i></span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Children's_and_Household_Tales-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle <i>Children's and Household Tales</i> subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Children's_and_Household_Tales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Methodology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Methodology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Methodology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Methodology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Writing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Writing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Writing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Writing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Themes_and_analysis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Themes_and_analysis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Themes and analysis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Themes_and_analysis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Editions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Editions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Editions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Philology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Reception and legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collaborative_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collaborative_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Collaborative works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collaborative_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popular_adaptations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_adaptations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Popular adaptations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popular_adaptations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Brothers Grimm</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 95 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-95" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">95 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broers_Grimm" title="Broers Grimm – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Broers Grimm" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%BCder_Grimm" title="Brüder Grimm – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Brüder Grimm" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85" title="الأخوان غريم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الأخوان غريم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirmans_Grimm" title="Chirmans Grimm – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chirmans Grimm" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B4_%D4%B5%D5%B2%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A8" title="Կրիմ Եղբայները – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Կրիմ Եղբայները" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermanos_Grimm" title="Hermanos Grimm – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hermanos Grimm" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qrimm_qarda%C5%9Flar%C4%B1" title="Qrimm qardaşları – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qrimm qardaşları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="গ্রিম ভ্রাতৃদ্বয় – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গ্রিম ভ্রাতৃদ্বয়" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm_Hia%E2%81%BF-t%C4%AB" title="Grimm Hiaⁿ-tī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Grimm Hiaⁿ-tī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80_%D1%82%D1%83%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Бер туған Гриммдар – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Бер туған Гриммдар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Браты Грым – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Браты Грым" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Браты Грым – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Браты Грым" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8F_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Братя Грим – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Братя Грим" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B1%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9D%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B.%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="ཡཱ་ཁོ་དང་ཝེ་ལེམ་.ཀོ་ལིམ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཡཱ་ཁོ་དང་ཝེ་ལེམ་.ཀོ་ལིམ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bra%C4%87a_Grimm" title="Braća Grimm – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Braća Grimm" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_ha_Wilhelm_Grimm" title="Jacob ha Wilhelm Grimm – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Jacob ha Wilhelm Grimm" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germans_Grimm" title="Germans Grimm – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Germans Grimm" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brat%C5%99i_Grimmov%C3%A9" title="Bratři Grimmové – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bratři Grimmové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brodyr_Grimm" title="Brodyr Grimm – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Brodyr Grimm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%B8drene_Grimm" title="Brødrene Grimm – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Brødrene Grimm" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%BCder_Grimm" title="Brüder Grimm – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Brüder Grimm" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vennad_Grimmid" title="Vennad Grimmid – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vennad Grimmid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BB%CF%86%CE%BF%CE%AF_%CE%93%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BC" title="Αδελφοί Γκριμ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αδελφοί Γκριμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermanos_Grimm" title="Hermanos Grimm – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hermanos Grimm" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fratoj_Grimm" title="Fratoj Grimm – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fratoj Grimm" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm_anaiak" title="Grimm anaiak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Grimm anaiak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85" title="برادران گریم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="برادران گریم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%B8%C3%B0urnir_Grimm" title="Brøðurnir Grimm – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Brøðurnir Grimm" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A8res_Grimm" title="Frères Grimm – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Frères Grimm" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruorren_Grimm" title="Bruorren Grimm – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Bruorren Grimm" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irm%C3%A1ns_Grimm" title="Irmáns Grimm – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Irmáns Grimm" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%BC_%ED%98%95%EC%A0%9C" title="그림 형제 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="그림 형제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B4_%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B5%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Գրիմ եղբայրներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գրիմ եղբայրներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="ग्रिम भाई – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ग्रिम भाई" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bra%C4%87a_Grimm" title="Braća Grimm – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Braća Grimm" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fratuli_Grimm" title="Fratuli Grimm – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fratuli Grimm" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm_Bersaudara" title="Grimm Bersaudara – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Grimm Bersaudara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fratres_Grimm" title="Fratres Grimm – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Fratres Grimm" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimmsbr%C3%A6%C3%B0ur" title="Grimmsbræður – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Grimmsbræður" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fratelli_Grimm" title="Fratelli Grimm – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fratelli Grimm" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%97%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D" title="האחים גרים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האחים גרים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Ағайынды Гриммдер – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ағайынды Гриммдер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Vreder_Grimm" title="An Vreder Grimm – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="An Vreder Grimm" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akina_Grimm" title="Akina Grimm – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Akina Grimm" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biray%C3%AAn_Grimm" title="Birayên Grimm – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Birayên Grimm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B0-%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Ага-ини Гриммдер – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ага-ини Гриммдер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC_%D1%88%D3%B1%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%93" title="Гримм шӱмбелвлӓ – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Гримм шӱмбелвлӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fratres_Grimm" title="Fratres Grimm – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fratres Grimm" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C4%81%C4%BCi_Grimmi" title="Brāļi Grimmi – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Brāļi Grimmi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridder_Grimm" title="Bridder Grimm – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bridder Grimm" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broliai_Grimai" title="Broliai Grimai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Broliai Grimai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frates_Grimm" title="Frates Grimm – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Frates Grimm" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm_fiv%C3%A9rek" title="Grimm fivérek – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Grimm fivérek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9C%D0%B0_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Браќа Грим – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Браќа Грим" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brothers_Grimm" title="Brothers Grimm – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Brothers Grimm" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC" title="ഗ്രിം സഹോദരന്മാർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗ്രിം സഹോദരന്മാർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm_Bersaudara" title="Grimm Bersaudara – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Grimm Bersaudara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armanos_Grimm" title="Armanos Grimm – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Armanos Grimm" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%9B%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AE%E1%80%94%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ဂရင်းညီနောင် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂရင်းညီနောင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gebroeders_Grimm" title="Gebroeders Grimm – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gebroeders Grimm" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE" title="ग्रिम दाजुकिजा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ग्रिम दाजुकिजा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A0%E5%85%84%E5%BC%9F" title="グリム兄弟 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グリム兄弟" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%B8drene_Grimm" title="Brødrene Grimm – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Brødrene Grimm" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm-br%C3%B8rne" title="Grimm-brørne – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Grimm-brørne" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraires_Grimm" title="Fraires Grimm – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fraires Grimm" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aka-uka_Grimmlar" title="Aka-uka Grimmlar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Aka-uka Grimmlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AE_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE" title="ਗ੍ਰਿਮ ਭਰਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗ੍ਰਿਮ ਭਰਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85_%D9%BE%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="گرم پعرا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گرم پعرا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bracia_Grimm" title="Bracia Grimm – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bracia Grimm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irm%C3%A3os_Grimm" title="Irmãos Grimm – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Irmãos Grimm" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fra%C8%9Bii_Grimm" title="Frații Grimm – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Frații Grimm" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frars_Grimm" title="Frars Grimm – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Frars Grimm" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm_wawqikuna" title="Grimm wawqikuna – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Grimm wawqikuna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%8F_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC" title="Братья Гримм – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Братья Гримм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brithers_Grimm" title="Brithers Grimm – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Brithers Grimm" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ABllez%C3%ABrit_Grim" title="Vëllezërit Grim – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vëllezërit Grim" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brothers_Grimm" title="Brothers Grimm – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Brothers Grimm" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brata_Grimm" title="Brata Grimm – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Brata Grimm" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9B%D0%B0_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Браћа Грим – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Браћа Грим" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bra%C4%87a_Grimm" title="Braća Grimm – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Braća Grimm" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimmin_veljekset" title="Grimmin veljekset – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Grimmin veljekset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%B6derna_Grimm" title="Bröderna Grimm – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bröderna Grimm" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magkapatid_na_Grimm" title="Magkapatid na Grimm – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Magkapatid na Grimm" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="கிரிம் சகோதரர்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கிரிம் சகோதரர்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm_bertu%C4%9Fannar" title="Grimm bertuğannar – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Grimm bertuğannar" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%8C" title="พี่น้องตระกูลกริมม์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พี่น้องตระกูลกริมม์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimm_Karde%C5%9Fler" title="Grimm Kardeşler – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Grimm Kardeşler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%93%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BC" title="Брати Грімм – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Брати Грімм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="گرم برادران – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گرم برادران" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anh_em_nh%C3%A0_Grimm" title="Anh em nhà Grimm – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Anh em nhà Grimm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A9s_Grimm" title="Frés Grimm – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Frés Grimm" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magbugto_nga_Grimm" title="Magbugto nga Grimm – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Magbugto nga Grimm" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E5%85%84%E5%BC%9F" title="格林兄弟 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="格林兄弟" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E5%85%84%E5%BC%9F" title="格林兄弟 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="格林兄弟" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E5%85%84%E5%BC%9F" title="格林兄弟 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="格林兄弟" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Brother duo of German academics and folklorists</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Brothers_Grimm_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Brothers Grimm (disambiguation)">Brothers Grimm (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grimm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Grimm.jpg/220px-Grimm.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Grimm.jpg/330px-Grimm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Grimm.jpg/440px-Grimm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="694" data-file-height="799" /></a><figcaption>Wilhelm Grimm (left) and Jacob Grimm (right), portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Jerichau-Baumann" title="Elisabeth Jerichau-Baumann">Elisabeth Jerichau-Baumann</a> (1855)</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Brothers Grimm</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">die Brüder Grimm</i> or <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">die Gebrüder Grimm</i></span>), <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Grimm" title="Jacob Grimm">Jacob</a> (1785–1863) and <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Grimm" title="Wilhelm Grimm">Wilhelm</a> (1786–1859), were <a href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">German</a> academics who together collected and published <a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">folklore</a>. The brothers are among the best-known storytellers of <a href="/wiki/Oral_tradition" title="Oral tradition">folktales</a>, popularizing stories such as "<a href="/wiki/Cinderella" title="Cinderella">Cinderella</a>" ("<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Aschenputtel</i></span><span style="padding-left:.15em;">"</span>), "<a href="/wiki/The_Frog_Prince_(story)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Frog Prince (story)">The Frog Prince</a>" ("<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Der Froschkönig</i></span>"), "<a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel" title="Hansel and Gretel">Hansel and Gretel</a>" ("<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Hänsel und Gretel</i></span><span style="padding-left:.15em;">"</span>), "<a href="/wiki/Town_Musicians_of_Bremen" title="Town Musicians of Bremen">Town Musicians of Bremen</a>" ("<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Die Bremer Stadtmusikanten</i></span>"), "<a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood" title="Little Red Riding Hood">Little Red Riding Hood</a>" ("<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Rotkäppchen</i></span>"), "<a href="/wiki/Rapunzel" title="Rapunzel">Rapunzel</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Rumpelstiltskin" title="Rumpelstiltskin">Rumpelstiltskin</a>" ("<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Rumpelstilzchen</i></span>"), "<a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty" title="Sleeping Beauty">Sleeping Beauty</a>" ("<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Dornröschen</i></span>"), and "<a href="/wiki/Snow_White" title="Snow White">Snow White</a>" ("<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Schneewittchen</i></span>"). Their first collection of folktales, <i><a href="/wiki/Grimms%27_Fairy_Tales" title="Grimms' Fairy Tales">Children's and Household Tales</a></i> (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kinder- und Hausmärchen</i></span>), was first published in 1812. </p><p>The Brothers Grimm spent their formative years in the town of <a href="/wiki/Hanau" title="Hanau">Hanau</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Landgraviate_of_Hesse-Kassel" title="Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel">Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel</a>. Their father's death in 1796 (when Jacob was 11 and Wilhelm 10) caused great poverty for the family and affected the brothers many years after. Both brothers attended the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Marburg" title="University of Marburg">University of Marburg</a>, where they developed a curiosity about <a href="/wiki/German_folklore" title="German folklore">German folklore</a>, which grew into a lifelong dedication to collecting German folktales. </p><p>The rise of <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a> in <a href="/wiki/History_of_Europe#From_revolution_to_imperialism_(1789–1914)" title="History of Europe">19th-century Europe</a> revived interest in traditional folk stories, which to the Brothers Grimm represented a pure form of national literature and culture. With the goal of researching a scholarly treatise on folktales, they established a methodology for collecting and recording folk stories that became the basis for <a href="/wiki/Folkloristics" class="mw-redirect" title="Folkloristics">folklore studies</a>. Between 1812 and 1857 their first collection was revised and republished many times, growing from 86 stories to more than 200. In addition to writing and modifying folktales, the brothers wrote collections of well-respected <a href="/wiki/Germanic_mythology" title="Germanic mythology">Germanic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology" title="Norse mythology">Scandinavian</a> <a href="/wiki/Mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Mythology">mythologies</a>, and in 1838 they began writing a definitive German dictionary (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsches_W%C3%B6rterbuch" title="Deutsches Wörterbuch">Deutsches Wörterbuch</a></i></span>), which they were unable to finish. </p><p>The popularity of the Grimms' collected folktales has endured. They are available in more than 100 translations and have been adapted by renowned filmmakers, including <a href="/wiki/Lotte_Reiniger" title="Lotte Reiniger">Lotte Reiniger</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a>, in films such as <i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Seven_Dwarfs_(1937_film)" title="Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)">Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs</a></i>. In the mid-20th century, <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> weaponized the tales for <a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Propaganda in Nazi Germany">propaganda</a>; later in the 20th century, psychologists such as <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Bettelheim" title="Bruno Bettelheim">Bruno Bettelheim</a> reaffirmed the work's value despite the sexuality, cruelty, and violence in some of the tales' original versions, which were eventually censored by the Grimms themselves. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_lives">Early lives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early lives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Steinau_Br%C3%BCder-Grimm-Haus_2016-04-10-12-06-37.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Steinau_Br%C3%BCder-Grimm-Haus_2016-04-10-12-06-37.jpg/220px-Steinau_Br%C3%BCder-Grimm-Haus_2016-04-10-12-06-37.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Steinau_Br%C3%BCder-Grimm-Haus_2016-04-10-12-06-37.jpg/330px-Steinau_Br%C3%BCder-Grimm-Haus_2016-04-10-12-06-37.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Steinau_Br%C3%BCder-Grimm-Haus_2016-04-10-12-06-37.jpg/440px-Steinau_Br%C3%BCder-Grimm-Haus_2016-04-10-12-06-37.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3791" data-file-height="2856" /></a><figcaption>Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm lived in this house in <a href="/wiki/Steinau_an_der_Stra%C3%9Fe" title="Steinau an der Straße">Steinau</a> from 1791 to 1796.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Grimm" title="Jacob Grimm">Jacob Ludwig Karl Grimm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Grimm" title="Wilhelm Grimm">Wilhelm Carl Grimm</a> were born on 4 January 1785 and 24 February 1786, respectively, in <a href="/wiki/Hanau" title="Hanau">Hanau</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Landgraviate_of_Hesse-Kassel" title="Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel">Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel</a>, within the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> (present-day Germany), to <a href="/wiki/Philipp_Grimm" title="Philipp Grimm">Philipp Wilhelm Grimm</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Jurist" title="Jurist">jurist</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dorothea_Grimm" title="Dorothea Grimm">Dorothea Grimm</a> (née Zimmer), daughter of a <a href="/wiki/Kassel" title="Kassel">Kassel</a> city councilman.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)2ff-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were the second- and third-eldest surviving siblings in a family of nine children, three of whom died in infancy.<sup id="cite_ref-Pitt_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pitt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Michaelis-Jena-9_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Michaelis-Jena-9-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1791 the family moved to the countryside town of <a href="/wiki/Steinau_an_der_Stra%C3%9Fe" title="Steinau an der Straße">Steinau</a> during Philipp's employment there as a district <a href="/wiki/Magistrate" title="Magistrate">magistrate</a> (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Amtmann" title="Amtmann">Amtmann</a></i></span>). The family became prominent members of the community, residing in a large home surrounded by fields. Biographer <a href="/wiki/Jack_Zipes" title="Jack Zipes">Jack Zipes</a> writes that the brothers were happy in Steinau and "clearly fond of country life".<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)2ff-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The children were educated at home by private tutors, receiving strict instruction as <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutherans</a>, which instilled in both a lifelong religious faith.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, they attended local schools.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)2ff-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1796 Philipp Grimm died of pneumonia, causing great poverty for the large family. Dorothea was forced to relinquish the brothers' servants and large house, depending on financial support from her father and sister, who was then the first <a href="/wiki/Lady-in-waiting" title="Lady-in-waiting">lady-in-waiting</a> at the court of <a href="/wiki/William_I,_Elector_of_Hesse" title="William I, Elector of Hesse">William I, Elector of Hesse</a>. Jacob was the eldest living son, forced at age 11 to assume adult responsibilities (shared with Wilhelm) for the next two years. The two brothers then followed the advice of their grandfather, who continually exhorted them to be industrious.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)2ff-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The brothers left Steinau and their family in 1798 to attend the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Friedrichsgymnasium_Kassel" title="Friedrichsgymnasium Kassel">Friedrichsgymnasium</a></i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Kassel" title="Kassel">Kassel</a>, which had been arranged and paid for by their aunt. By then they were without a male provider (their grandfather died that year), forcing them to rely entirely on each other and become exceptionally close. The two brothers differed in temperament—Jacob was introspective and Wilhelm was outgoing (although he often suffered from ill health)—but shared a strong work ethic and excelled in their studies. In Kassel they became acutely aware of their inferior social status relative to "high-born" students who received more attention. Each brother graduated at the head of his class, Jacob in 1803 and Wilhelm in 1804 (he missed a year of school due to <a href="/wiki/Scarlet_fever" title="Scarlet fever">scarlet fever</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)2ff-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)31ff_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)31ff-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marburg">Marburg</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Marburg"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacob_und_Wilhelm_Grimm.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Jacob_und_Wilhelm_Grimm.png/220px-Jacob_und_Wilhelm_Grimm.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Jacob_und_Wilhelm_Grimm.png/330px-Jacob_und_Wilhelm_Grimm.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Jacob_und_Wilhelm_Grimm.png/440px-Jacob_und_Wilhelm_Grimm.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="673" /></a><figcaption>Wilhelm and Jacob Grimm in an 1843 drawing by younger brother <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Emil_Grimm" title="Ludwig Emil Grimm">Ludwig Emil Grimm</a></figcaption></figure> <p>After graduation from the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Friedrichsgymnasium</i></span>, the brothers attended the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Marburg" title="University of Marburg">University of Marburg</a>. The university was small with about 200 students, and there they became painfully aware that students of lower social status were not treated equally. They were disqualified from admission because of their social standing and had to request a dispensation to study law. Wealthier students received stipends, but the brothers were excluded even from tuition aid. Their poverty kept them from student activities or university social life, but their outsider status worked in their favor and they pursued their studies with extra vigor.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)31ff_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)31ff-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Inspired by their law professor, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Carl_von_Savigny" title="Friedrich Carl von Savigny">Friedrich von Savigny</a>, who awakened in them an interest in history and <a href="/wiki/Philology" title="Philology">philology</a>, the brothers studied <a href="/wiki/Middle_High_German_literature" title="Middle High German literature">medieval German literature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)35ff_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)35ff-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They shared Savigny's desire to see the unification of the 200 German <a href="/wiki/Principality" title="Principality">principalities</a> into a single state. Through Savigny and his circle of friends—<a href="/wiki/German_Romanticism" title="German Romanticism">German romantics</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Clemens_Brentano" title="Clemens Brentano">Clemens Brentano</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Achim_von_Arnim" class="mw-redirect" title="Ludwig Achim von Arnim">Ludwig Achim von Arnim</a>—the Grimms were introduced to the ideas of <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottfried_Herder" title="Johann Gottfried Herder">Johann Gottfried Herder</a>, who thought that German literature should revert to simpler forms, which he defined as <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Volkspoesie</i></span> (natural poetry)—as opposed to <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kunstpoesie</i></span> (artistic poetry).<sup id="cite_ref-Z(2002)7ff_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(2002)7ff-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The brothers dedicated themselves with great enthusiasm to their studies, of which Wilhelm wrote in his autobiography, "the ardor with which we studied Old German helped us overcome the spiritual depression of those days."<sup id="cite_ref-Z(2002)7_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(2002)7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jacob was still financially responsible for his mother, brother, and younger siblings in 1805, so he accepted a post in Paris as Savigny's research assistant. On his return to Marburg he was forced to abandon his studies to support the family, whose poverty was so extreme that food was often scarce, and take a job with the Hessian War Commission. In a letter to his aunt from this time, Wilhelm wrote of their circumstances: "We five people eat only three portions and only once a day".<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)35ff_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)35ff-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kassel">Kassel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Kassel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jacob found full-time employment in 1808 when he was appointed court librarian to the <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bonaparte" title="Jérôme Bonaparte">King of Westphalia</a> and went on to become a librarian in Kassel.<sup id="cite_ref-Pitt_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pitt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After their mother's death that year, he became fully responsible for his younger siblings. He arranged and paid for his brother <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Emil_Grimm" title="Ludwig Emil Grimm">Ludwig</a>'s studies at art school and for Wilhelm's extended visit to <a href="/wiki/Halle_(Westfalen)" title="Halle (Westfalen)">Halle</a> to seek treatment for heart and respiratory ailments, after which Wilhelm joined Jacob as librarian in Kassel<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)2ff-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Brentano's request, the brothers had begun collecting folk tales in a cursory manner in 1807.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Zipes, at this point "the Grimms were unable to devote all their energies to their research and did not have a clear idea about the significance of collecting folk tales in this initial phase."<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)2ff-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During their employment as librarians—which paid little but afforded them ample time for research—the brothers experienced a productive period of scholarship, publishing books between 1812 and 1830.<sup id="cite_ref-Z218ff_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z218ff-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1812 they published their first volume of 86 folk tales, <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kinder- und Hausmärchen</i></span>, followed quickly by two volumes of German legends and a volume of early literary history.<sup id="cite_ref-Pitt_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pitt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They went on to publish works about <a href="/wiki/Danish_folklore" title="Danish folklore">Danish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology" title="Irish mythology">Irish</a> folk tales (and also <a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology" title="Norse mythology">Norse mythology</a>), while continuing to edit the German folk tale collection. These works became so widely recognized that the brothers received honorary doctorates from universities in <a href="/wiki/Marburg" title="Marburg">Marburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, and Breslau (now <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Z218ff_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z218ff-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Göttingen"><span id="G.C3.B6ttingen"></span>Göttingen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Göttingen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Im_Kolleg_bei_Jacob_Grimm_1830.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Im_Kolleg_bei_Jacob_Grimm_1830.jpg/260px-Im_Kolleg_bei_Jacob_Grimm_1830.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Im_Kolleg_bei_Jacob_Grimm_1830.jpg/390px-Im_Kolleg_bei_Jacob_Grimm_1830.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Im_Kolleg_bei_Jacob_Grimm_1830.jpg/520px-Im_Kolleg_bei_Jacob_Grimm_1830.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6288" data-file-height="5096" /></a><figcaption>Jacob Grimm lecturing (illustration by <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Emil_Grimm" title="Ludwig Emil Grimm">Ludwig Emil Grimm</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1830</span>)</figcaption></figure> <p>On 15 May 1825 Wilhelm married Henriette Dorothea Dortchen Wild, a pharmacist's daughter and childhood friend who had given the brothers several tales.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jacob never married but continued to live in the household with Wilhelm and Dortchen.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)7ff-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1830 both brothers were overlooked when the post of chief librarian came available, which disappointed them greatly.<sup id="cite_ref-Z218ff_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z218ff-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They moved the household to <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ttingen" title="Göttingen">Göttingen</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hanover" title="Kingdom of Hanover">Kingdom of Hanover</a>, where they took employment at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_G%C3%B6ttingen" title="University of Göttingen">University of Göttingen</a>—Jacob as a professor and head librarian and Wilhelm as a professor.<sup id="cite_ref-Pitt_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pitt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For the next seven years the brothers continued to research, write, and publish. In 1835 Jacob published the well-regarded <i>German Mythology</i> (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Mythologie" title="Deutsche Mythologie">Deutsche Mythologie</a></i></span>); Wilhelm continued to edit and prepare the third edition of <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kinder- und Hausmärchen</i></span> for publication. The two brothers taught <a href="/wiki/German_studies" title="German studies">German studies</a> at the university, becoming well-respected in the newly established discipline.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)7ff-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1837 the brothers lost their university posts after joining the rest of the <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ttingen_Seven" title="Göttingen Seven">Göttingen Seven</a> in protest. The 1830s were a period of political upheaval and peasant revolt in Germany, leading to the movement for democratic reform known as <a href="/wiki/Young_Germany" title="Young Germany">Young Germany</a>. The brothers were not directly aligned with the Young Germans, but they and five of their colleagues reacted against the demands of <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Augustus,_King_of_Hanover" title="Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover">Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover</a>, who in 1837 dissolved the parliament of <a href="/wiki/Hanover" title="Hanover">Hanover</a> and demanded oaths of allegiance from civil servants—including professors at the University of Göttingen. For refusing to sign the oath, the seven professors were dismissed and three were deported from Hanover—including Jacob, who went to Kassel. He was later joined there by Wilhelm, Dortchen, and their four children.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)7ff-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:G%C3%B6ttinger_Sieben_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/G%C3%B6ttinger_Sieben_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm_2.jpg/260px-G%C3%B6ttinger_Sieben_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/G%C3%B6ttinger_Sieben_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm_2.jpg/390px-G%C3%B6ttinger_Sieben_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/G%C3%B6ttinger_Sieben_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm_2.jpg/520px-G%C3%B6ttinger_Sieben_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="854" data-file-height="421" /></a><figcaption>Wilhelm and Jacob Grimm, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1837</span></figcaption></figure> <p>The brothers were without income and again in extreme financial difficulty in 1838, so they began what would become a lifelong project—the writing of a definitive dictionary, the <i>German Dictionary</i> (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsches_W%C3%B6rterbuch" title="Deutsches Wörterbuch">Deutsches Wörterbuch</a></i></span>)—whose first volume was not published until 1854. The brothers again depended on friends and supporters for financial assistance and influence in finding employment.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)7ff-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Berlin_and_later_years">Berlin and later years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Berlin and later years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brothers_Grimm_Blow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Brothers_Grimm_Blow.jpg/170px-Brothers_Grimm_Blow.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Brothers_Grimm_Blow.jpg/255px-Brothers_Grimm_Blow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Brothers_Grimm_Blow.jpg/340px-Brothers_Grimm_Blow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="1247" /></a><figcaption>Wilhelm and Jacob Grimm in 1847 (<a href="/wiki/Daguerreotype" title="Daguerreotype">daguerreotype</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1840, Savigny and Bettina von Arnim appealed successfully to <a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_IV_of_Prussia" title="Frederick William IV of Prussia">Frederick William IV of Prussia</a> on behalf of the brothers, who were offered posts at the <a href="/wiki/Humboldt_University_of_Berlin" title="Humboldt University of Berlin">University of Berlin</a>. In addition to teaching posts, the <a href="/wiki/German_Academy_of_Sciences_at_Berlin" title="German Academy of Sciences at Berlin">Academy of Sciences</a> offered them stipends to continue their research. Once they had established their household in Berlin they directed their efforts towards the work on the German dictionary and continued to publish their research. Jacob turned his attention to researching German legal traditions and the history of the German language, which was published in the late 1840s and early 1850s; Wilhelm began researching <a href="/wiki/Medieval_literature" title="Medieval literature">medieval literature</a> while editing new editions of <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Hausmärchen</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Z218ff_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z218ff-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Graves_of_the_Brothers_Grimm_at_Alter_St.-Matth%C3%A4us-Kirchhof_Berlin_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Graves_of_the_Brothers_Grimm_at_Alter_St.-Matth%C3%A4us-Kirchhof_Berlin_2012.jpg/220px-Graves_of_the_Brothers_Grimm_at_Alter_St.-Matth%C3%A4us-Kirchhof_Berlin_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Graves_of_the_Brothers_Grimm_at_Alter_St.-Matth%C3%A4us-Kirchhof_Berlin_2012.jpg/330px-Graves_of_the_Brothers_Grimm_at_Alter_St.-Matth%C3%A4us-Kirchhof_Berlin_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Graves_of_the_Brothers_Grimm_at_Alter_St.-Matth%C3%A4us-Kirchhof_Berlin_2012.jpg/440px-Graves_of_the_Brothers_Grimm_at_Alter_St.-Matth%C3%A4us-Kirchhof_Berlin_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>The graves of the Brothers Grimm in <a href="/wiki/Sch%C3%B6neberg" title="Schöneberg">Schöneberg</a>, Berlin (St. Matthäus Kirchhof Cemetery)</figcaption></figure> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848_in_the_German_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutions of 1848 in the German states">revolutions of 1848 in the German states</a> the brothers were elected to the civil parliament. Jacob became a prominent member of the National Assembly at <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)7ff-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But their political activities were short-lived, as their hope for a unified Germany dwindled and their disenchantment grew. In the late 1840s Jacob resigned his university position and published <i>The History of the German Language</i> (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Geschichte der deutschen Sprache</i></span>). Wilhelm continued at his university post until 1852. After retiring from teaching, the brothers devoted themselves to the <i>German Dictionary</i> for the rest of their lives.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)7ff-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilhelm died of an infection in Berlin on 16 December 1859,<sup id="cite_ref-NG_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NG-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Jacob, deeply upset by his death, became increasingly reclusive. He continued working on the dictionary until his own death on 20 September 1863. Zipes writes of the Grimms' dictionary, and of their very large body of work: "Symbolically the last word was <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Frucht</i></span> (fruit)."<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)7ff-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Children's_and_Household_Tales"><span id="Children.27s_and_Household_Tales"></span><i>Children's and Household Tales</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Children's and Household Tales"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Grimms%27_Fairy_Tales" title="Grimms' Fairy Tales">Grimms' Fairy Tales</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arthur_Rackham_Little_Red_Riding_Hood%2B.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arthur_Rackham_Little_Red_Riding_Hood%2B.jpg/220px-Arthur_Rackham_Little_Red_Riding_Hood%2B.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="325" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arthur_Rackham_Little_Red_Riding_Hood%2B.jpg/330px-Arthur_Rackham_Little_Red_Riding_Hood%2B.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arthur_Rackham_Little_Red_Riding_Hood%2B.jpg/440px-Arthur_Rackham_Little_Red_Riding_Hood%2B.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1183" /></a><figcaption>The Grimms defined "<a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood" title="Little Red Riding Hood">Little Red Riding Hood</a>", shown here in an illustration by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rackham" title="Arthur Rackham">Arthur Rackham</a>, as representative of a uniquely German tale, although it existed in various versions and regions.<sup id="cite_ref-Txxxviff_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Txxxviff-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure><p>The rise of <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">romanticism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romantic_nationalism" title="Romantic nationalism">romantic nationalism</a>, and trends in valuing popular culture in the early 19th century revived interest in fairy tales, which had declined since their late 17th-century peak.<sup id="cite_ref-Jean_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jean-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Johann_Karl_August_Mus%C3%A4us" title="Johann Karl August Musäus">Johann Karl August Musäus</a> published a popular collection of tales called <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Volksm%C3%A4rchen_der_Deutschen" title="Volksmärchen der Deutschen">Volksmärchen der Deutschen</a></i></span> between 1782 and 1787;<sup id="cite_ref-Haase2008_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haase2008-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Grimms aided the revival with their folklore collection, built on the conviction that a national identity could be found in popular culture and with the common folk (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Volk</i></span>). They collected and published their tales as a reflection of German cultural identity. In the first collection, though, they included <a href="/wiki/Charles_Perrault" title="Charles Perrault">Charles Perrault</a>'s tales, published in Paris in 1697 and written for the <a href="/wiki/Salon_(gathering)" title="Salon (gathering)">literary salons</a> of an aristocratic French audience. Scholar Lydie Jean says that Perrault created a myth that his tales came from the common people and reflected existing folklore to justify including them—even though many of them were original.<sup id="cite_ref-Jean_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jean-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The brothers were directly influenced by Brentano and von Arnim, who edited and adapted the folk songs of <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Des_Knaben_Wunderhorn" title="Des Knaben Wunderhorn">Des Knaben Wunderhorn</a></i></span> (<i>The Boy's Magic Horn</i> or <a href="/wiki/Cornucopia" title="Cornucopia">cornucopia</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Haase2008_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haase2008-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They began the collection with the purpose of creating a scholarly treatise of traditional stories, and of preserving the stories as they had been handed from generation to generation—a practice threatened by increased industrialization.<sup id="cite_ref-Txxxff_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Txxxff-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Maria_Tatar" title="Maria Tatar">Maria Tatar</a>, professor of German studies at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, argues that it is precisely the handing from generation to generation and the genesis in the <a href="/wiki/Oral_tradition" title="Oral tradition">oral tradition</a> that gives folk tales important mutability. Versions of tales differ from region to region, "picking up bits and pieces of local culture and lore, drawing a turn of phrase from a song or another story, and fleshing out characters with features taken from the audience witnessing their performance."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>But Tatar argues that the Grimms appropriated as uniquely German stories, such as "<a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood" title="Little Red Riding Hood">Little Red Riding Hood</a>", that had existed in many versions and regions throughout Europe, because they believed that such stories reflected Germanic culture.<sup id="cite_ref-Txxxviff_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Txxxviff-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, the brothers saw fragments of old religions and faiths reflected in the stories, which they thought continued to exist and survive through the telling of stories.<sup id="cite_ref-Murphy3ff_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murphy3ff-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Methodology">Methodology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Methodology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When Jacob returned to Marburg from Paris in 1806, their friend Brentano sought the brothers' help in adding to his collection of folk tales, at which time the brothers began to gather tales in an organized fashion.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)2ff-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1810 they had produced a manuscript collection of several dozen tales, written after inviting storytellers to their home and transcribing what they heard. These tales were heavily modified in transcription; many had roots in previously written sources.<sup id="cite_ref-H579_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H579-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At Brentano's request, they printed and sent him copies of the 53 tales that they collected for inclusion in his third volume of <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Des Knaben Wunderhorn</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pitt_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pitt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brentano either ignored or forgot about the tales, leaving the copies in a church in <a href="/wiki/Alsace" title="Alsace">Alsace</a> where they were found in 1920 and became known as the Ölenberg manuscript. It is the earliest extant version of the Grimms' collection and has become a valuable source to scholars studying the development of the Grimms' collection from the time of its inception. The manuscript was published in 1927 and again in 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The brothers gained a reputation for collecting tales from peasants, although many tales came from middle-class or aristocratic acquaintances. Wilhelm's wife, Henriette Dorothea (Dortchen) Wild, and her family, with their nursery maid, told the brothers some of the more well-known tales, such as "Hansel and Gretel" and "<a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty" title="Sleeping Beauty">Sleeping Beauty</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-J177ff_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-J177ff-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilhelm collected some tales after befriending <a href="/wiki/August_von_Haxthausen" title="August von Haxthausen">August von Haxthausen</a>, whom he visited in 1811 in <a href="/wiki/Westphalia" title="Westphalia">Westphalia</a> where he heard stories from von Haxthausen's circle of friends.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)11ff_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)11ff-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several of the storytellers were of <a href="/wiki/Huguenot" class="mw-redirect" title="Huguenot">Huguenot</a> ancestry, telling tales of French origin such as those told to the Grimms by <a href="/wiki/Marie_Hassenpflug" title="Marie Hassenpflug">Marie Hassenpflug</a>, an educated woman of French Huguenot ancestry,<sup id="cite_ref-H579_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H579-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it is probable that these informants were familiar with Perrault's <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Histoires_ou_contes_du_temps_pass%C3%A9" title="Histoires ou contes du temps passé">Histoires ou contes du temps passé</a></i></span> (<i>Stories from Past Times</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-Jean_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jean-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other tales were collected from <a href="/wiki/Dorothea_Viehmann" title="Dorothea Viehmann">Dorothea Viehmann</a>, the wife of a middle-class tailor and also of French descent. Despite her middle-class background, in the first English translation she was characterized as a peasant and given the name <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Gammer Gretel</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Txxxff_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Txxxff-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At least one tale, <i>Gevatter Tod (Grim Reaper</i>), was provided by composer <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmine_Schwertzell" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelmine Schwertzell">Wilhelmine Schwertzell</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with whom Wilhelm had a long correspondence.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Walter_Crane12.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Walter_Crane12.jpg/220px-Walter_Crane12.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Walter_Crane12.jpg/330px-Walter_Crane12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Walter_Crane12.jpg/440px-Walter_Crane12.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2701" data-file-height="3538" /></a><figcaption>Stories such as "<a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty" title="Sleeping Beauty">Sleeping Beauty</a>", shown here in a <a href="/wiki/Walter_Crane" title="Walter Crane">Walter Crane</a> illustration, had been previously published and were rewritten by the Brothers Grimm.<sup id="cite_ref-Jean_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jean-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>According to scholars such as Tatar and Ruth Bottigheimer, some of the tales probably originated in written form during the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">medieval period</a> with writers such as <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Francesco_Straparola" title="Giovanni Francesco Straparola">Straparola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Boccaccio" class="mw-redirect" title="Boccaccio">Boccaccio</a>, but were modified in the 17th century and again rewritten by the Grimms. Moreover, Tatar writes that the brothers' goal of preserving and shaping the tales as something uniquely German at a time of <a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Artlenburg" title="Convention of Artlenburg">French occupation</a> was a form of "intellectual resistance", and in so doing they established a methodology for collecting and preserving folklore that set the model followed later by writers throughout Europe during periods of occupation.<sup id="cite_ref-Txxxff_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Txxxff-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-B175ff_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B175ff-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writing">Writing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Writing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 1807 onward, the brothers added to the collection. Jacob established the framework, maintained through many iterations; from 1815 until his death, Wilhelm assumed sole responsibility for editing and rewriting the tales. He made the tales stylistically similar, added dialogue, removed pieces "that might detract from a rustic tone", improved the plots, and incorporated psychological motifs.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)11ff_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)11ff-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ronald Murphy writes in <i>The Owl, the Raven, and the Dove</i> that the brothers, particularly Wilhelm, also added religious and spiritual motifs to the tales. He believes that Wilhelm "gleaned" bits from <a href="/wiki/Germanic_paganism" title="Germanic paganism">old Germanic faiths</a>, Norse mythology, Roman and <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, and biblical stories that he reshaped.<sup id="cite_ref-Murphy3ff_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Murphy3ff-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over the years, Wilhelm worked extensively on the prose; he expanded and added detail to the stories to the point that many of them grew to twice the length they had in the earliest published editions.<sup id="cite_ref-T(2004)xiff_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-T(2004)xiff-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the later editions Wilhelm polished the language to make it more enticing to a bourgeois audience, eliminated sexual elements, and added Christian elements. After 1819 he began writing original tales for children (children were not initially considered the primary audience) and adding didactic elements to existing tales.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)11ff_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)11ff-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some changes were made in light of unfavorable reviews, particularly from those who objected that not all the tales were suitable for children because of scenes of violence and sexuality.<sup id="cite_ref-T(1987)15ff_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-T(1987)15ff-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He worked to modify plots for many of the stories; for example, "<a href="/wiki/Rapunzel" title="Rapunzel">Rapunzel</a>" in the first edition of <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kinder- und Hausmärchen</i></span> clearly shows a sexual relationship between the prince and the girl in the tower, which he edited out in subsequent editions.<sup id="cite_ref-T(2004)xiff_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-T(2004)xiff-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tatar writes that morals were added (in the second edition a king's regret was added to the scene in which his wife is to be burned at the stake) and often the characters in the tale were amended to appear more German: "every <a href="/wiki/Fairy" title="Fairy">fairy</a> (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Fee</i></span>), prince (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Prinz</i></span>) and princess (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Prinzessin</i></span>)—all words of French origin—was transformed into a more Teutonic-sounding enchantress (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Zauberin</i></span>) or wise woman (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">weise Frau</i></span>), king's son (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Königssohn</i></span>), king's daughter (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Königstochter</i></span>)."<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Themes_and_analysis">Themes and analysis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Themes and analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hansel-and-gretel-rackham.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Hansel-and-gretel-rackham.jpg/220px-Hansel-and-gretel-rackham.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Hansel-and-gretel-rackham.jpg/330px-Hansel-and-gretel-rackham.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Hansel-and-gretel-rackham.jpg/440px-Hansel-and-gretel-rackham.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1092" /></a><figcaption>"Hansel and Gretel" (1909), illustrated by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rackham" title="Arthur Rackham">Arthur Rackham</a>, was a "warning tale" for children.<sup id="cite_ref-D91ff_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D91ff-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure><p>The Grimms' legacy contains legends, <a href="/wiki/Novella" title="Novella">novellas</a>, and folk stories, the vast majority of which were not intended as children's tales. Von Arnim was concerned about the content of some of the tales—such as those that showed children being eaten—and suggested adding a subtitle to warn parents of the content. Instead the brothers added an introduction with cautionary advice that parents steer children toward age-appropriate stories. Despite von Arnim's unease, none of the tales were eliminated from the collection; the brothers believed that all the tales were of value and reflected inherent cultural qualities. Furthermore, the stories were didactic in nature at a time when discipline relied on fear, according to scholar <a href="/wiki/Linda_D%C3%A9gh" title="Linda Dégh">Linda Dégh</a>, who explains that tales such as "<a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood" title="Little Red Riding Hood">Little Red Riding Hood</a>" and "Hansel and Gretel" were written as "warning tales" for children.<sup id="cite_ref-D91ff_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D91ff-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The stories in <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kinder- und Hausmärchen</i></span> include scenes of violence that have since been sanitized. For example, in the Grimms' original version of "<a href="/wiki/Snow_White" title="Snow White">Snow White</a>", the Queen is Little Snow White's mother, not her stepmother, but still orders her Huntsman to kill Snow White (her biological daughter) and bring home the child's lungs and liver so that she can eat them; the story ends with the Queen dancing at Snow White's wedding, wearing a pair of red-hot iron shoes that kill her.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another story, "<a href="/wiki/The_Goose_Girl" title="The Goose Girl">The Goose Girl</a>", has a servant stripped naked and pushed into a barrel "studded with sharp nails" pointing inward and then rolled down the street.<sup id="cite_ref-NG_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NG-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Grimms' version of "<a href="/wiki/The_Frog_Prince_(story)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Frog Prince (story)">The Frog Prince</a>" describes the princess throwing the frog against a wall instead of kissing him. To some extent the cruelty and violence may reflected the medieval culture from which the tales originated, such as scenes of witches burning, as described in "<a href="/wiki/The_Six_Swans" title="The Six Swans">The Six Swans</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-NG_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NG-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rumpelstiltskin-Crane1886.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Rumpelstiltskin-Crane1886.jpg/300px-Rumpelstiltskin-Crane1886.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Rumpelstiltskin-Crane1886.jpg/450px-Rumpelstiltskin-Crane1886.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Rumpelstiltskin-Crane1886.jpg/600px-Rumpelstiltskin-Crane1886.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="218" /></a><figcaption>"<a href="/wiki/Rumpelstiltskin" title="Rumpelstiltskin">Rumpelstiltskin</a>", shown here in an illustrated border by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Crane" title="Walter Crane">Walter Crane</a>, is an example of a "spinning tale".</figcaption></figure><p>Tales with a spinning <a href="/wiki/Motif_(folkloristics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Motif (folkloristics)">motif</a> are broadly represented in the collection. In her essay "Tale Spinners: Submerged Voices in Grimms' Fairy Tales", Bottigheimer argues that these stories reflect the degree to which spinning was crucial in the life of women in the 19th century and earlier. Spinning, particularly of <a href="/wiki/Flax" title="Flax">flax</a>, was commonly performed in the home by women. Many stories begin by describing the occupation of their main character, as in "There once was a miller", yet spinning is never mentioned as an occupation; this appears to be because the brothers did not consider it an occupation. Instead, spinning was a communal activity, frequently performed in a <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Spinnstube</i></span> (spinning room), a place where women most likely kept the oral traditions alive by telling stories while engaged in tedious work.<sup id="cite_ref-B142ff_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B142ff-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the stories, a woman's personality is often represented by her attitude toward spinning; a wise woman might be a spinster and Bottigheimer writes that the <a href="/wiki/Spindle_(textiles)" title="Spindle (textiles)">spindle</a> was the symbol of a "diligent, well-ordered womanhood".<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some stories, such as "<a href="/wiki/Rumpelstiltskin" title="Rumpelstiltskin">Rumpelstiltskin</a>", spinning is associated with a threat; in others, spinning might be avoided by a character who is either too lazy or not accustomed to spinning because of her high social status.<sup id="cite_ref-B142ff_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B142ff-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Grimms' work have been subjected to feminist critique. For example, <a href="/wiki/Emma_Tennant" title="Emma Tennant">Emma Tennant</a> writes: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>But the worst of it was that two men—the Brothers Grimm—listened to these old tales told by mothers to their daughters; and they decided to record them for posterity. ... But the Brothers Grimm could understand only the tales of courage and manliness and chivalry on the part of the boys. The girls were relegated to virtues—Patient Griselda; or sheer physical beauty—Sleeping Beauty; Beauty and the Beast. Always we must read that our heroine is a Beauty.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The tales were also criticized for being insufficiently German, which influenced the tales that the brothers included and their use of language. But scholars such as Heinz Rölleke say that the stories are an accurate depiction of German culture, showing "rustic simplicity [and] sexual modesty".<sup id="cite_ref-NG_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NG-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> German culture is deeply rooted in the forest (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">wald</i></span>), a dark dangerous place to be avoided, most particularly the old forests with large oak trees, and yet a place where Little Red Riding Hood's mother sent her daughter to deliver food to her grandmother's house.<sup id="cite_ref-NG_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NG-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some critics, such as Alistair Hauke, use <a href="/wiki/Analytical_psychology" title="Analytical psychology">Jungian analysis</a> to say that the deaths of the brothers' father and grandfather are the reason for the Grimms' tendency to idealize and excuse fathers, as well as the predominance of female villains in the tales, such as the <a href="/wiki/Wicked_stepmother" class="mw-redirect" title="Wicked stepmother">wicked stepmother</a> and stepsisters in "Cinderella".<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, this disregards the fact that they were collectors, not authors of the tales.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Another possible influence is found in stories such as "<a href="/wiki/The_Twelve_Brothers" title="The Twelve Brothers">The Twelve Brothers</a>", which mirrors the brothers' family structure of several brothers facing and overcoming opposition.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the tales have autobiographical elements, and according to Zipes the work may have been a "quest" to replace the family life lost after their father died. The collection includes 41 tales about siblings, which Zipes says are representative of Jacob and Wilhelm. Many of the sibling stories follow a simple plot where the characters lose a home, work industriously at a specific task, and in the end find a new home.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Editions">Editions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Editions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Between 1812 and 1864, <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kinder- und Hausmärchen</i></span> was published 17 times: seven of the "Large edition" (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Große Ausgabe</i></span>) and ten of the "Small edition" (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kleine Ausgabe</i></span>). The Large editions contained all the tales collected to date, extensive annotations, and scholarly notes written by the brothers; the Small editions had only 50 tales and were intended for children. <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Emil_Grimm" title="Ludwig Emil Grimm">Emil Grimm</a>, Jacob and Wilhelm's younger brother, illustrated the Small editions, adding Christian symbolism to the drawings, such as depicting Cinderella's mother as an angel and adding a Bible to the bedside table of Little Red Riding Hood's grandmother.<sup id="cite_ref-Z218ff_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z218ff-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kinder_title_page.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Kinder_title_page.jpg/300px-Kinder_title_page.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Kinder_title_page.jpg/450px-Kinder_title_page.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Kinder_title_page.jpg/600px-Kinder_title_page.jpg 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="643" /></a><figcaption>Frontispiece and title-page, illustrated by <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Emil_Grimm" title="Ludwig Emil Grimm">Ludwig Emil Grimm</a> of the 1819 edition of <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Grimms%27_Fairy_Tales" title="Grimms' Fairy Tales">Kinder- und Hausmärchen</a></i></span></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grimm_-_Deutsche_Sagen,_1912_-_2558595_F.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Grimm_-_Deutsche_Sagen%2C_1912_-_2558595_F.jpeg/170px-Grimm_-_Deutsche_Sagen%2C_1912_-_2558595_F.jpeg" decoding="async" width="170" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Grimm_-_Deutsche_Sagen%2C_1912_-_2558595_F.jpeg/255px-Grimm_-_Deutsche_Sagen%2C_1912_-_2558595_F.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Grimm_-_Deutsche_Sagen%2C_1912_-_2558595_F.jpeg/340px-Grimm_-_Deutsche_Sagen%2C_1912_-_2558595_F.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="723" data-file-height="837" /></a><figcaption><i>Deutsche Sagen</i>, 1912</figcaption></figure> <p>The first volume was published in 1812 with 86 folk tales,<sup id="cite_ref-J177ff_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-J177ff-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a second volume with 70 additional tales was published late in 1814 (dated 1815 on the title page); together the two volumes and their 156 tales are considered the first of the (annotated) Large editions.<sup id="cite_ref-Michaelis-Jena_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Michaelis-Jena-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Z(2000)276ff_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(2000)276ff-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A second expanded edition with 170 tales was published in 1819, followed in 1822 by a volume of scholarly commentary and annotations.<sup id="cite_ref-Pitt_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pitt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-T(1987)15ff_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-T(1987)15ff-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Five more Large editions were published in 1837, 1840, 1843, 1850, and 1857. The seventh and final edition of 1857 contained 211 tales—200 numbered folk tales and 11 legends.<sup id="cite_ref-Pitt_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pitt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-T(1987)15ff_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-T(1987)15ff-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Z(2000)276ff_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(2000)276ff-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Germany <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kinder- und Hausmärchen</i></span>, commonly <i>Grimms' Fairy Tales</i> in English, was also released in a "popular poster-sized <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Bilderbogen</i></span> (broadsides)"<sup id="cite_ref-Z(2000)276ff_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(2000)276ff-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> format and in single-story formats for the more popular tales such as "Hansel and Gretel". The stories were often added to collections by other authors without respect to copyright as the tales became a focus of interest for children's book illustrators,<sup id="cite_ref-Z(2000)276ff_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(2000)276ff-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with well-known artists such as <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rackham" title="Arthur Rackham">Arthur Rackham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Crane" title="Walter Crane">Walter Crane</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Dulac" title="Edmund Dulac">Edmund Dulac</a> illustrating. Another popular edition released in the mid-19th century included elaborate <a href="/wiki/Etching" title="Etching">etchings</a> by <a href="/wiki/George_Cruikshank" title="George Cruikshank">George Cruikshank</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon the brothers' deaths, the copyright went to Wilhelm's son Hermann Grimm, who continued the practice of printing the volumes in expensive and complete editions, but after 1893, when copyright lapsed, various publishers began to print the stories in many formats and editions.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(2000)276ff_40-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(2000)276ff-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 21st century, <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kinder- und Hausmärchen</i></span> is a universally recognized text. Jacob's and Wilhelm's collection of stories has been translated to more than 160 languages; 120 different editions of the text are available for sale in the US alone.<sup id="cite_ref-NG_14-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NG-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philology">Philology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Philology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pied_Piper2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Pied_Piper2.jpg/300px-Pied_Piper2.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Pied_Piper2.jpg/450px-Pied_Piper2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Pied_Piper2.jpg/600px-Pied_Piper2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1365" data-file-height="1105" /></a><figcaption><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Sagen" title="Deutsche Sagen">Deutsche Sagen</a></i></span> (<i>German Legends</i>) included stories such as "<a href="/wiki/Pied_Piper_of_Hamelin" title="Pied Piper of Hamelin">Pied Piper of Hamelin</a>", shown here in an illustration by <a href="/wiki/Kate_Greenaway" title="Kate Greenaway">Kate Greenaway</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>While at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Marburg" title="University of Marburg">University of Marburg</a>, the brothers came to see culture as tied to language and regarded the purest cultural expression in the <a href="/wiki/Grammar" title="Grammar">grammar</a> of a language. They moved away from Brentano's practice—and that of the other romanticists—who frequently changed original oral styles of folk tale to a more literary style, which the brothers considered artificial. They thought that the style of the people (the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">volk</i></span>) reflected a natural and divinely inspired poetry (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">naturpoesie</i></span>)—as opposed to the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">kunstpoesie</i></span> (art poetry), which they saw as artificially constructed.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)32ff_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)32ff-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-D84ff_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D84ff-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As literary historians and scholars they delved into the origins of stories and attempted to retrieve them from the oral tradition without loss of the original traits of oral language.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)32ff_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)32ff-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:German_dictionary.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/German_dictionary.jpg/170px-German_dictionary.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/German_dictionary.jpg/255px-German_dictionary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/German_dictionary.jpg/340px-German_dictionary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="526" /></a><figcaption>Frontispiece of 1854 edition of <i>German Dictionary</i> (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Deutsches Wörterbuch</i></span>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The brothers strongly believed that the dream of national unity and independence relied on a full knowledge of the cultural past that was reflected in folklore.<sup id="cite_ref-D84ff_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D84ff-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They worked to discover and crystallize a kind of Germanness in the stories they collected in the belief that folklore contained kernels of mythologies and legends crucial to understanding the essence of German culture.<sup id="cite_ref-Txxxff_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Txxxff-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In examining culture from a philological point of view they sought to establish connections between German law, culture, and local beliefs.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)32ff_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)32ff-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Grimms considered the tales to have origins in traditional Germanic folklore, which they thought had been "contaminated" by later literary tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-Txxxff_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Txxxff-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the shift from the oral tradition to the printed book, tales were translated from regional dialects to <a href="/wiki/Standard_German" title="Standard German">Standard German</a> (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Hochdeutsch</i></span> or High German).<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But over the course of the many modifications and revisions, the Grimms sought to reintroduce regionalisms, dialects, and <a href="/wiki/Low_German" title="Low German">Low German</a> to the tales—to reintroduce the language of the original form of the oral tale.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As early as 1812 they published <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Die beiden ältesten deutschen Gedichte aus dem achten Jahrhundert: Das Lied von Hildebrand und Hadubrand und das Weißenbrunner Gebet</i></span> (<i>The Two Oldest German Poems of the Eighth Century: The Song of Hildebrand and Hadubrand and the Wessobrunn Prayer</i>); the <i><a href="/wiki/Lay_of_Hildebrand" class="mw-redirect" title="Lay of Hildebrand">Song of Hildebrand and Hadubrand</a></i> is a ninth-century German heroic song, while the <i><a href="/wiki/Wessobrunn_Prayer" title="Wessobrunn Prayer">Wessobrunn Prayer</a></i> is the earliest-known German heroic song.<sup id="cite_ref-Hettinga_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hettinga-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1816 and 1818 the brothers published a two-volume work, <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Sagen" title="Deutsche Sagen">Deutsche Sagen</a></i></span> (<i>German Legends</i>), consisting of 585 German legends.<sup id="cite_ref-Michaelis-Jena_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Michaelis-Jena-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jacob undertook most of the work of collecting and editing the legends, which he organized according to region and historical (ancient) legends<sup id="cite_ref-H429ff_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H429ff-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and were about real people or events.<sup id="cite_ref-Hettinga_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hettinga-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The brothers meant it as a scholarly work, but the historical legends were often taken from secondary sources, interpreted, modified, and rewritten—resulting in works "that were regarded as trademarks".<sup id="cite_ref-H429ff_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H429ff-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some scholars criticized the Grimms' methodology in collecting and rewriting the legends, yet conceptually they set an example for legend collections that was followed by others throughout Europe. Unlike the collection of folk tales, <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Deutsche Sagen</i></span> sold poorly,<sup id="cite_ref-H429ff_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H429ff-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but Zipes says that the collection, translated to French and Danish in the 19th century but not to English until 1981, is a "vital source for folklorists and critics alike".<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Less well known in the English-speaking world is the Grimms' pioneering scholarly work on a German dictionary, the <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Deutsches_W%C3%B6rterbuch" title="Deutsches Wörterbuch">Deutsches Wörterbuch</a></i></span>, which they began in 1838. Not until 1852 did they begin publishing the dictionary in installments.<sup id="cite_ref-H429ff_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H429ff-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The work on the dictionary was not finished in their lifetimes, because in it they gave a history and analysis of each word.<sup id="cite_ref-Hettinga_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hettinga-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception_and_legacy">Reception and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Reception and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gedenktafel_Alte_Potsdamer_Str_5_(Tierg)_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gedenktafel_Alte_Potsdamer_Str_5_%28Tierg%29_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm.jpg/220px-Gedenktafel_Alte_Potsdamer_Str_5_%28Tierg%29_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gedenktafel_Alte_Potsdamer_Str_5_%28Tierg%29_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm.jpg/330px-Gedenktafel_Alte_Potsdamer_Str_5_%28Tierg%29_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Gedenktafel_Alte_Potsdamer_Str_5_%28Tierg%29_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm.jpg/440px-Gedenktafel_Alte_Potsdamer_Str_5_%28Tierg%29_Br%C3%BCder_Grimm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="909" data-file-height="671" /></a><figcaption>Berlin memorial plaque, <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Brüder Grimm, Alte Potsdamer Straße 5, Berlin-Tiergarten</i></span>, Germany</figcaption></figure> <p><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kinder- und Hausmärchen</i></span> was not an immediate bestseller, but its popularity grew with each edition.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)15ff_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)15ff-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The early editions received lukewarm critical reviews, generally on the basis that the stories did not appeal to children. The brothers responded with modifications and rewrites to increase the book's market appeal to that demographic.<sup id="cite_ref-Txxxff_18-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Txxxff-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the 1870s the tales had increased greatly in popularity to the point that they were added to the teaching curriculum in <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a>. In the 20th century the work was second only to the Bible as the most popular book in Germany. Its sales generated a mini-industry of critiques, which analyzed the tales' folkloric content in the context of literary history, socialism, and psychological elements often along <a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Freudian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carl_Jung" title="Carl Jung">Jungian</a> lines.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)15ff_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)15ff-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In their research, the brothers made a science of the study of folklore (see <a href="/wiki/Folkloristics" class="mw-redirect" title="Folkloristics">folkloristics</a>), generating a model of research that "launched general fieldwork in most European countries",<sup id="cite_ref-D87ff_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D87ff-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and setting standards for research and analysis of stories and legends that made them pioneers in the field of folklore in the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> the Grimms' stories were used to foster nationalism as well as to promote antisemitic sentiments in an increasingly hostile time for Jewish people. Some examples of notable antisemitic works in the Grimms' bibliography are "<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Girl_Who_Was_Killed_by_Jews&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Girl Who Was Killed by Jews (page does not exist)">The Girl Who Was Killed by Jews</a>", "<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Jews%27_Stone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Jews' Stone (page does not exist)">The Jews' Stone</a>", "<a href="/wiki/The_Jew_Among_Thorns" title="The Jew Among Thorns">The Jew Among Thorns</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/The_Good_Bargain" title="The Good Bargain">The Good Bargain</a>". "The Girl Who Was Killed by Jews" and "The Jews' Stone" tell stories of <a href="/wiki/Blood_libel" title="Blood libel">blood libel</a> by Jews against innocent children. In both stories the children are violently killed and mutilated.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The myth of blood libel was widely propagated during the Middle Ages and is still used to vilify Jews today.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The children in these two stories are acquired in exchange for large sums of money; Jewish wealth and greed are also common antisemitic tropes.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These tropes appear in "The Jew Among Thorns" and "The Good Bargain". In both stories a Jewish man is depicted as deceitful for the sake of money. In the former the man admits to stealing money and is executed instead of the protagonist. In the latter, the Jewish man is found to be deceitful in order to be rewarded with a sum of money. The specific deceit is irrelevant and here too the protagonist triumphs over the Jew.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All these stories paint Jews as antagonists whether through murderous rites, deceit, or greed. Antisemitism in folklore has contributed to the popularization of antisemitic tropes and misconceptions about the Jewish faith, but the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party" title="Nazi Party">Nazi Party</a> was particularly devoted to the Grimms' collected stories. According to author Elizabeth Dalton, "Nazi ideologues enshrined the <i>Kinder- und Hausmärchen</i> as virtually a sacred text". The Nazi Party decreed that every household should own a copy of <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kinder- und Hausmärchen</i></span>; later, officials of <a href="/wiki/Allied-occupied_Germany" title="Allied-occupied Germany">Allied-occupied Germany</a> banned the book for a period.<sup id="cite_ref-D95ff_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D95ff-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United States the 1937 release of <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Seven_Dwarfs_(1937_film)" title="Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)">Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs</a></i> shows the triumph of good over evil, innocence over oppression, according to Zipes.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Grimms' tales have provided much of the early foundation on which Disney built an empire.<sup id="cite_ref-NG_14-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NG-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In film, the Cinderella <a href="/wiki/Motif_(folkloristics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Motif (folkloristics)">motif</a>, the story of a poor girl finding love and success, has been repeated in movies such as <i><a href="/wiki/Pretty_Woman" title="Pretty Woman">Pretty Woman</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ever_After" title="Ever After">Ever After</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Maid_in_Manhattan" title="Maid in Manhattan">Maid in Manhattan</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Ella_Enchanted_(film)" title="Ella Enchanted (film)">Ella Enchanted</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Tnp_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tnp-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>20th-century educators debated the value and influence of teaching stories that include brutality and violence, and some of the more gruesome details were sanitized.<sup id="cite_ref-Z(1988)15ff_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Z(1988)15ff-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dégh writes that some educators, in the belief that children should be shielded from cruelty of any form, believe that stories with a happy ending are fine to teach, whereas those that are darker, particularly the legends, might pose more harm. On the other hand, some educators and psychologists believe that children easily discern the difference between what is a story and what is not and that the tales continue to have value for children.<sup id="cite_ref-D99ff_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D99ff-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The publication of <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Bettelheim" title="Bruno Bettelheim">Bruno Bettelheim</a>'s 1976 <i><a href="/wiki/The_Uses_of_Enchantment" title="The Uses of Enchantment">The Uses of Enchantment</a></i> brought a new wave of interest in the stories as children's literature, with an emphasis on the "therapeutic value for children".<sup id="cite_ref-Tnp_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tnp-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More popular stories, such as "Hansel and Gretel" and "Little Red Riding Hood", have become staples of modern childhood, presented in coloring books, puppet shows, and cartoons. Other stories have been considered too gruesome and have not made a popular transition.<sup id="cite_ref-D95ff_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D95ff-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regardless, the Grimms' stories continue to be popular around the world,<sup id="cite_ref-D99ff_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D99ff-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although a recent study in England appears to suggest that parents consider the stories overly violent and inappropriate for young children.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nevertheless, children remain enamored of the Grimms' fairy tales with the brothers themselves embraced as the creators of the stories and even as part of the stories themselves. The film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Brothers_Grimm_(film)" title="The Brothers Grimm (film)">Brothers Grimm</a></i> imagines them as <a href="/wiki/Con_artists" class="mw-redirect" title="Con artists">con artists</a> exploiting superstitious German peasants until they are asked to confront a genuine fairy-tale curse that calls them to finally be heroes. The movie <i><a href="/wiki/Ever_After" title="Ever After">Ever After</a></i> shows the Grimms in their role as collectors of fairy tales, though they learn to their surprise that at least one of their stories (Cinderella) is true. <i><a href="/wiki/Grimm_(TV_series)" title="Grimm (TV series)">Grimm</a></i> follows a detective who discovers that he is a Grimm, the latest in a line of guardians who are sworn to keep the balance between humanity and mythological creatures. <i><a href="/wiki/Ever_After_High" title="Ever After High">Ever After High</a></i> imagines Grimm Brothers (here called Milton and Giles) as the <a href="/wiki/Headmaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Headmaster">headmasters</a> of the Ever After High <a href="/wiki/Boarding_school" title="Boarding school">boarding school</a>, where they train the children of the previous generation of fairy tales to follow in their parents' footsteps. In the <i><a href="/wiki/The_10th_Kingdom" title="The 10th Kingdom">10th Kingdom</a></i> miniseries, the brothers are trapped for years in the fairy-tale world on the 9 Kingdoms, where they witnessed the events that they would record as stories upon finally making it back to the real world. The <i><a href="/wiki/Sisters_Grimm" class="mw-redirect" title="Sisters Grimm">Sisters Grimm</a></i> book series follows their descendants, Sabrina and Daphne Grimm, as they adapt to life in Ferryport Landing, a town in upstate New York populated by fairy-tale people. Separate from the previous series is the <i><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Stories" class="mw-redirect" title="Land of Stories">Land of Stories</a></i> book series which also features the idea of "Sisters Grimm." In <i>The Land of Stories</i>, the Grimm Brothers' female descendants are a self-described <a href="/wiki/Coven" title="Coven">coven</a> determined to track down and document creatures from the fairy-tale world that cross over to the real world. Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm were, in fact, chosen by <a href="/wiki/Mother_Goose" title="Mother Goose">Mother Goose</a> and others to tell fairy tales so that they might give hope to the human race.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The university library at the <a href="/wiki/Humboldt_University_of_Berlin" title="Humboldt University of Berlin">Humboldt University of Berlin</a> is housed in the Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm Center (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Jakob-und-Wilhelm-Grimm-Zentrum</i></span>);<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> among its collections is a large portion of the Grimms' private library.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collaborative_works">Collaborative works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Collaborative works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Die beiden ältesten deutschen Gedichte aus dem achten Jahrhundert: Das Lied von Hildebrand und Hadubrand und das Weißenbrunner Gebet</i></span>, (<i>The Two Oldest German Poems of the Eighth Century: The <a href="/wiki/Hildebrandslied" title="Hildebrandslied">Song of Hildebrand and Hadubrand</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wessobrunn_Prayer" title="Wessobrunn Prayer">Wessobrunn Prayer</a></i>)—ninth century heroic song, published 1812</li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Kinder- und Hausmärchen</i></span> (<i>Children's and Household Tales</i>)—seven editions, between 1812 and 1857<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Altdeutsche Wälder</i></span> (<i>Old German Forests</i>)—three volumes between 1813 and 1816</li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Der arme Heinrich von Hartmann von der Aue</i></span> (<i>Poor Heinrich by Hartmann von der Aue</i>)—1815</li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Lieder der alten Edda</i></span> (<i>Songs from the <a href="/wiki/Poetic_Edda" title="Poetic Edda">Elder Edda</a></i>)—1815</li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Deutsche Sagen</i></span> (<i><a href="/wiki/German_Sagas" class="mw-redirect" title="German Sagas">German Sagas</a></i>)—published in two parts between 1816 and 1818</li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Irische Elfenmärchen</i></span>—Grimms' translation of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Crofton_Croker" title="Thomas Crofton Croker">Thomas Crofton Croker</a>'s <i>Fairy Legends and Traditions of the South of Ireland</i>, 1826</li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Deutsches Wörterbuch</i></span> (<i>German Dictionary</i>)—32 volumes published between 1852 and 1960<sup id="cite_ref-Hettinga_46-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hettinga-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Popular_adaptations">Popular adaptations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Popular adaptations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The below includes adaptations from the work of the Brothers Grimm: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Avengers_Grimm" title="Avengers Grimm">Avengers Grimm</a></i>, 2015 American film</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grimm_(TV_series)" title="Grimm (TV series)">Grimm</a>,</i> 2011 fantasy crime television series about a Grimm descendant</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_(TV_series)" title="Once Upon a Time (TV series)">Once Upon a Time</a></i>, American television series</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_10th_Kingdom" title="The 10th Kingdom">The 10th Kingdom</a></i>, 2000 American television miniseries</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Brothers_Grimm_(film)" title="The Brothers Grimm (film)">The Brothers Grimm</a>,</i> 2005 film starring <a href="/wiki/Matt_Damon" title="Matt Damon">Matt Damon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heath_Ledger" title="Heath Ledger">Heath Ledger</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grimm%27s_Fairy_Tale_Classics" title="Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics">Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics</a>,</i> 1989 Japanese anime anthology series by Nippon Animation</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_World_of_the_Brothers_Grimm" title="The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm">The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm</a>,</i> 1962 film starring <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Harvey" title="Laurence Harvey">Lawrence Harvey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_B%C3%B6hm" title="Karlheinz Böhm">Karlheinz Böhm</a> as the Brothers Grimm</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Simsala_Grimm" title="Simsala Grimm">Simsala Grimm</a></i>, children television series</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Tale_Dark_%26_Grimm" title="A Tale Dark & Grimm">A Tale Dark & Grimm</a></i>, children's book by Adam Gidwitz</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Family_Guy" title="Family Guy">Family Guy</a></i> episode entitled "Grimm Job" (Season 12, Episode 10), sees the show's characters take on roles in three Grimm Brothers fairy tales: "<a href="/wiki/Jack_and_the_Beanstalk" title="Jack and the Beanstalk">Jack and the Beanstalk</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Cinderella" title="Cinderella">Cinderella</a>", and "Little Red Riding Hood".</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Grimm_Variations" title="The Grimm Variations">The Grimm Variations</a></i>, 2024 <a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a> anime series featuring retellings of six of the Grimm Brothers tales.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Emil_Grimm#Nachfahrenliste_der_Familie_Grimm" class="extiw" title="de:Ludwig Emil Grimm">Grimm Family Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_Andersen" title="Hans Christian Andersen">Hans Christian Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Afanasyev" title="Alexander Afanasyev">Alexander Afanasyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Perrault" title="Charles Perrault">Charles Perrault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giambattista_Basile" title="Giambattista Basile">Giambattista Basile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Folktales" title="Norwegian Folktales">Norwegian Folktales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_fairy_tale" title="Russian fairy tale">Russian fairy tale</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frederick Herman George (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Friedrich Hermann Georg</i></span>; 12 December 1783 – 16 March 1784), <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Grimm" title="Jacob Grimm">Jacob</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Grimm" title="Wilhelm Grimm">Wilhelm</a>, Carl Frederick (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Carl Friedrich</i></span>; 24 April 1787 – 25 May 1852), Ferdinand Philip (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Ferdinand Philipp</i></span>; 18 December 1788 – 6 January 1845), Louis Emil (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Ludwig Emil</i></span>; 14 March 1790 – 4 April 1863), Frederick (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Friedrich</i></span>; 15 June 1791 – 20 August 1792), Charlotte "Lotte" Amalie (10 May 1793 – 15 June 1833), and George Edward (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Georg Eduard</i></span>; 26 July 1794 – 19 April 1795).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Z(1988)2ff-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)2ff_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes1988">Zipes 1988</a>, pp. 2–5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pitt-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pitt_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pitt_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pitt_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pitt_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pitt_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pitt_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pitt_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAshliman" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/D._L._Ashliman" title="D. L. Ashliman">Ashliman, D.L</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/grimm.html">"Grimm Brothers Home Page"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh" title="University of Pittsburgh">University of Pittsburgh</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grimm+Brothers+Home+Page&rft.pub=University+of+Pittsburgh&rft.aulast=Ashliman&rft.aufirst=D.L&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pitt.edu%2F~dash%2Fgrimm.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Michaelis-Jena-9-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Michaelis-Jena-9_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMichaelis-Jena1970">Michaelis-Jena 1970</a>, p. 9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herbert Scurla: Die Brüder Grimm, Berlin 1985, pp. 14–16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Z(1988)31ff-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)31ff_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)31ff_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes1988">Zipes 1988</a>, p. 31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Z(1988)35ff-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)35ff_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)35ff_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">qtd. in <a href="#CITEREFZipes1988">Zipes 1988</a>, p. 35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Z(2002)7ff-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Z(2002)7ff_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes2002">Zipes 2002</a>, pp. 7–8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Z(2002)7-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Z(2002)7_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">qtd. in <a href="#CITEREFZipes2002">Zipes 2002</a>, p. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes2014">Zipes 2014</a>, p. xxiv</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Z218ff-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Z218ff_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z218ff_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z218ff_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z218ff_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z218ff_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes2000">Zipes 2000</a>, pp. 218–219</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See German (wikipedia.de) page on Wild (Familie) for more of Wilhelm's in-laws.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Z(1988)7ff-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)7ff_13-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes1988">Zipes 1988</a>, pp. 7–9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NG-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NG_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NG_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NG_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NG_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NG_14-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NG_14-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NG_14-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Neill" class="citation web cs1">O'Neill, Thomas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120323164919/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/grimm/article.html">"Guardians of the Fairy Tale: The Brothers Grimm"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Geographic (magazine)">National Geographic</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Society" title="National Geographic Society">National Geographic Society</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalgeographic.com/grimm/article.html">the original</a> on 23 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Geographic&rft.atitle=Guardians+of+the+Fairy+Tale%3A+The+Brothers+Grimm&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgeographic.com%2Fgrimm%2Farticle.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Txxxviff-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Txxxviff_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Txxxviff_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTatar2004">Tatar 2004</a>, pp. xxxviii</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jean-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jean_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jean_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jean_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jean_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJean2007">Jean 2007</a>, pp. 280–282</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haase2008-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Haase2008_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haase2008_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaase2008">Haase 2008</a>, p. 138</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Txxxff-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Txxxff_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Txxxff_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Txxxff_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Txxxff_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Txxxff_18-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Txxxff_18-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTatar2004">Tatar 2004</a>, pp. xxxiv–xxxviii</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTatar2004">Tatar 2004</a>, pp. xxxvi</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Murphy3ff-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Murphy3ff_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Murphy3ff_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMurphy2000">Murphy 2000</a>, pp. 3–4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-H579-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-H579_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-H579_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaase2008">Haase 2008</a>, p. 579</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes2000">Zipes 2000</a>, p. 62</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-J177ff-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-J177ff_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-J177ff_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJoosen2006">Joosen 2006</a>, pp. 177–179</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Z(1988)11ff-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)11ff_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)11ff_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)11ff_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes1988">Zipes 1988</a>, pp. 11–14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchnack1958" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Schnack, Ingeborg (1958). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=L3QTAQAAMAAJ&q=wilhelmine+schwertzell"><i>Lebensbilder aus Kurhessen und Waldeck 1830-1930</i></a> (in German). N.G. Elwert.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lebensbilder+aus+Kurhessen+und+Waldeck+1830-1930&rft.pub=N.G.+Elwert&rft.date=1958&rft.aulast=Schnack&rft.aufirst=Ingeborg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL3QTAQAAMAAJ%26q%3Dwilhelmine%2Bschwertzell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.malerkolonie.de/index.php/id-29-juli01-september-wtb-willingshaeuser-malersymposium.html">"29. Juli─01. September ¤ WTB: • Willingshäuser Malersymposium • - Künstlerkolonie Willingshausen"</a>. <i>www.malerkolonie.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.malerkolonie.de&rft.atitle=29.+Juli%E2%94%8001.+September+%C2%A4+WTB%3A+%E2%80%A2+Willingsh%C3%A4user+Malersymposium+%E2%80%A2+-+K%C3%BCnstlerkolonie+Willingshausen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.malerkolonie.de%2Findex.php%2Fid-29-juli01-september-wtb-willingshaeuser-malersymposium.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-B175ff-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-B175ff_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBottigheimer1982">Bottigheimer 1982</a>, pp. 175</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-T(2004)xiff-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-T(2004)xiff_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-T(2004)xiff_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTatar2004">Tatar 2004</a>, pp. xi–xiii</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-T(1987)15ff-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-T(1987)15ff_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-T(1987)15ff_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-T(1987)15ff_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTatar1987">Tatar 1987</a>, pp. 15–17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTatar1987">Tatar 1987</a>, p. 31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-D91ff-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-D91ff_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-D91ff_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDégh1979">Dégh 1979</a>, pp. 91–93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zipes (2014) – translation of the 1812 original edition of "Folk and Fairy Tales"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-B142ff-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-B142ff_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-B142ff_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBottigheimer1982">Bottigheimer 1982</a>, pp. 142–146</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBottigheimer1982">Bottigheimer 1982</a>, p. 143</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTennant1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Emma_Tennant" title="Emma Tennant">Tennant, Emma</a> (1994). "On the art of the spinster". <i>Tess</i>. <a href="/wiki/Flamingo_(imprint)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flamingo (imprint)">Flamingo</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0006546825" title="Special:BookSources/978-0006546825"><bdi>978-0006546825</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=On+the+art+of+the+spinster&rft.btitle=Tess&rft.pub=Flamingo&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0006546825&rft.aulast=Tennant&rft.aufirst=Emma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAlisterHauke1998">Alister & Hauke 1998</a>, pp. 216–219</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTatar2004">Tatar 2004</a>, p. 37</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes1988">Zipes 1988</a>, pp. 39–42</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Michaelis-Jena-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Michaelis-Jena_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Michaelis-Jena_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMichaelis-Jena1970">Michaelis-Jena 1970</a>, p. 84</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Z(2000)276ff-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Z(2000)276ff_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(2000)276ff_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(2000)276ff_40-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(2000)276ff_40-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(2000)276ff_40-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes2000">Zipes 2000</a>, pp. 276–278</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaase2008">Haase 2008</a>, p. 73</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Z(1988)32ff-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)32ff_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)32ff_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)32ff_42-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes1988">Zipes 1988</a>, pp. 32–35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-D84ff-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-D84ff_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-D84ff_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDégh1979">Dégh 1979</a>, pp. 84–85</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes1994">Zipes 1994</a>, p. 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRobinson2004">Robinson 2004</a>, pp. 47–49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hettinga-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hettinga_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hettinga_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hettinga_46-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hettinga_46-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHettinga2001">Hettinga 2001</a>, pp. 154–155</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-H429ff-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-H429ff_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-H429ff_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-H429ff_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-H429ff_47-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaase2008">Haase 2008</a>, pp. 429–431</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes1984">Zipes 1984</a>, p. 162</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Z(1988)15ff-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)15ff_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)15ff_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Z(1988)15ff_49-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes1988">Zipes 1988</a>, pp. 15–17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-D87ff-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-D87ff_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDégh1979">Dégh 1979</a>, p. 87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes1984">Zipes 1984</a>, p. 163</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ashliman, D. L. (Trans.). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200217170908/http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/antisemitic.html#stone">Anti-Semitic Legends</a>".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Teter, M. (2020). "Introduction". In <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvt1sj9x.6">Blood Libel: On the Trail of an Antisemitic Myth</a></i> (pp. 1–13). Harvard University Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Foxman, Abraham (2010). Jews and Money: The Story of a Stereotype. New York: St. Martin's Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Brothers Grimm. (n.d.). The jew in the thorns. Grimm 110: The Jew in the Thorns. From <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://sites.pitt.edu/~dash/grimm110.html">https://sites.pitt.edu/~dash/grimm110.html</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Brothers Grimm. (n.d.). The good bargain. Grimm 007: The Good Bargain. From <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://sites.pitt.edu/~dash/grimm007.html">https://sites.pitt.edu/~dash/grimm007.html</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-D95ff-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-D95ff_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-D95ff_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDégh1979">Dégh 1979</a>, pp. 94–96</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZipes1988">Zipes 1988</a>, p. 25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tnp-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tnp_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tnp_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTatar2010">Tatar 2010</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-D99ff-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-D99ff_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-D99ff_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDégh1979">Dégh 1979</a>, pp. 99–101</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCopeland2012" class="citation web cs1">Copeland, Libby (29 February 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/articles/double_x/doublex/2012/02/why_i_don_t_want_to_read_fairy_tales_to_my_daughter_.html">"Tales Out of Fashion?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=Tales+Out+of+Fashion%3F&rft.date=2012-02-29&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=Libby&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2Farticles%2Fdouble_x%2Fdoublex%2F2012%2F02%2Fwhy_i_don_t_want_to_read_fairy_tales_to_my_daughter_.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColfer2012" class="citation book cs1">Colfer, Chris (17 July 2012). <i>Land of Stories: The Wishing Spell</i> (1 ed.). New York: Little Brown and Company. p. 220.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Land+of+Stories%3A+The+Wishing+Spell&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=220&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Little+Brown+and+Company&rft.date=2012-07-17&rft.aulast=Colfer&rft.aufirst=Chris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110405005416/http://www.ub.hu-berlin.de/locations/jacob-und-wilhelm-grimm-zentrum?set_language=en">"Jacob-und-Wilhelm-Grimm-Zentrum"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Humboldt_University_of_Berlin" title="Humboldt University of Berlin">Humboldt University of Berlin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ub.hu-berlin.de/locations/jacob-und-wilhelm-grimm-zentrum?set_language=en">the original</a> on 5 April 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jacob-und-Wilhelm-Grimm-Zentrum&rft.pub=Humboldt+University+of+Berlin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ub.hu-berlin.de%2Flocations%2Fjacob-und-wilhelm-grimm-zentrum%3Fset_language%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120104192821/http://www.ub.hu-berlin.de/about-us/historical-collections/historical-and-special-collections-of-the-library/overview-of-the-historical-and-special-collections-of-the-library/grimm">"The Grimm Library"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Humboldt_University_of_Berlin" title="Humboldt University of Berlin">Humboldt University of Berlin</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ub.hu-berlin.de/about-us/historical-collections/historical-and-special-collections-of-the-library/overview-of-the-historical-and-special-collections-of-the-library/grimm">the original</a> on 4 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Grimm+Library&rft.pub=Humboldt+University+of+Berlin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ub.hu-berlin.de%2Fabout-us%2Fhistorical-collections%2Fhistorical-and-special-collections-of-the-library%2Foverview-of-the-historical-and-special-collections-of-the-library%2Fgrimm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.pitt.edu/~dash/grimm.html">"Grimm Brothers' Home Page"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grimm+Brothers%27+Home+Page&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsites.pitt.edu%2F~dash%2Fgrimm.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlisterHauke1998" class="citation book cs1">Alister, Ian; Hauke, Christopher, eds. (1998). <i>Contemporary Jungian Analysis</i>. London: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-14166-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-14166-6"><bdi>978-0-415-14166-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contemporary+Jungian+Analysis&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-415-14166-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBottigheimer1982" class="citation journal cs1">Bottigheimer, Ruth (1982). "Tale Spinners: Submerged Voices in Grimms' Fairy Tales". <i>New German Critique</i>. <b>27</b> (27): 141–150. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F487989">10.2307/487989</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/487989">487989</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+German+Critique&rft.atitle=Tale+Spinners%3A+Submerged+Voices+in+Grimms%27+Fairy+Tales&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=27&rft.pages=141-150&rft.date=1982&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F487989&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F487989%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Bottigheimer&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDégh1979" class="citation journal cs1">Dégh, Linda (1979). "Grimm's <i>Household Tales</i> and its Place in the Household". <i>Western Folklore</i>. <b>38</b> (2): 85–103. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1498562">10.2307/1498562</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1498562">1498562</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Western+Folklore&rft.atitle=Grimm%27s+Household+Tales+and+its+Place+in+the+Household&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=85-103&rft.date=1979&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1498562&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1498562%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=D%C3%A9gh&rft.aufirst=Linda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaase2008" class="citation book cs1">Haase, Donald (2008). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/unset0000unse_w7y9">"Literary Fairy Tales"</a></span>. In Donald Haase (ed.). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/unset0000unse_w7y9"><i>The Greenwood encyclopedia of folktales and fairy tales</i></a></span>. Vol. 2. <a href="/wiki/Westport,_Connecticut" title="Westport, Connecticut">Westport, Connecticut</a>: Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33441-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-33441-2"><bdi>978-0-313-33441-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Literary+Fairy+Tales&rft.btitle=The+Greenwood+encyclopedia+of+folktales+and+fairy+tales&rft.place=Westport%2C+Connecticut&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-313-33441-2&rft.aulast=Haase&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funset0000unse_w7y9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHettinga2001" class="citation book cs1">Hettinga, Donald (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/brothersgrimmtwo00hett"><i>The Brothers Grimm</i></a>. New York: Clarion. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-618-05599-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-618-05599-9"><bdi>978-0-618-05599-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Brothers+Grimm&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Clarion&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-618-05599-9&rft.aulast=Hettinga&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbrothersgrimmtwo00hett&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJean2007" class="citation journal cs1">Jean, Lydie (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kirj.ee/public/trames/trames-2007-3-3.pdf">"Charles Perrault's Paradox: How Aristocratic Fairy Tales became Synonymous with Folklore Conservation"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Trames</i>. <b>11</b> (61): 276–283. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3176%2Ftr.2007.3.03">10.3176/tr.2007.3.03</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:55129946">55129946</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.kirj.ee/public/trames/trames-2007-3-3.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 9 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Trames&rft.atitle=Charles+Perrault%27s+Paradox%3A+How+Aristocratic+Fairy+Tales+became+Synonymous+with+Folklore+Conservation&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=61&rft.pages=276-283&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3176%2Ftr.2007.3.03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A55129946%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Jean&rft.aufirst=Lydie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirj.ee%2Fpublic%2Ftrames%2Ftrames-2007-3-3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoosen2006" class="citation book cs1">Joosen, Vanessa (2006). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordencycloped0000unse_o5w8"><i>The Oxford Encyclopaedia of Children's Literature</i></a></span>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-514656-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-514656-1"><bdi>978-0-19-514656-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopaedia+of+Children%27s+Literature&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-19-514656-1&rft.aulast=Joosen&rft.aufirst=Vanessa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordencycloped0000unse_o5w8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichaelis-Jena1970" class="citation book cs1">Michaelis-Jena, Ruth (1970). <i>The Brothers Grimm</i>. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7100-6449-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7100-6449-3"><bdi>978-0-7100-6449-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Brothers+Grimm&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge+%26+Kegan+Paul&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=978-0-7100-6449-3&rft.aulast=Michaelis-Jena&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurphy2000" class="citation book cs1">Murphy, Ronald G. (2000). <i>The Owl, the Raven, and the Dove</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-515169-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-515169-5"><bdi>978-0-19-515169-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Owl%2C+the+Raven%2C+and+the+Dove&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-19-515169-5&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Ronald+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinson2004" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Orrin_W._Robinson_(philologist)" title="Orrin W. Robinson (philologist)">Robinson, Orrin W.</a> (2004). "Rhymes and Reasons in the Grimms' <i>Kinder- und Hausmärchen</i>". <i>The German Quarterly</i>. <b>77</b> (1): 47–58.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+German+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Rhymes+and+Reasons+in+the+Grimms%27+Kinder-+und+Hausm%C3%A4rchen&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=47-58&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Orrin+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTatar2004" class="citation book cs1">Tatar, Maria (2004). <i>The Annotated Brothers Grimm</i>. W.W. Norton & Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-05848-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-05848-2"><bdi>978-0-393-05848-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Annotated+Brothers+Grimm&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton+%26+Co&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-393-05848-2&rft.aulast=Tatar&rft.aufirst=Maria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTatar1987" class="citation book cs1">Tatar, Maria (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hardfactsofgri00tata"><i>The Hard Facts of the Grimms' Fairy Tales</i></a>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-06722-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-06722-3"><bdi>978-0-691-06722-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hard+Facts+of+the+Grimms%27+Fairy+Tales&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-691-06722-3&rft.aulast=Tatar&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhardfactsofgri00tata&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTatar2010" class="citation journal cs1">Tatar, Maria (2010). "Why Fairy Tales Matter: The Performative and the Transformative". <i>Western Folklore</i>. <b>69</b> (1): 55–64.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Western+Folklore&rft.atitle=Why+Fairy+Tales+Matter%3A+The+Performative+and+the+Transformative&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=55-64&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Tatar&rft.aufirst=Maria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZipes1994" class="citation book cs1">Zipes, Jack (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fairytaleasmythm00jack"><i>Myth as Fairy Tale</i></a>. Kentucky University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-1890-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8131-1890-1"><bdi>978-0-8131-1890-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Myth+as+Fairy+Tale&rft.pub=Kentucky+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-8131-1890-1&rft.aulast=Zipes&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffairytaleasmythm00jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZipes1988" class="citation book cs1">Zipes, Jack (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/brothersgrimmfro0000zipe"><i>The Brothers Grimm: From Enchanted Forests to the Modern World</i></a> (1st ed.). Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-90081-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-90081-2"><bdi>978-0-415-90081-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Brothers+Grimm%3A+From+Enchanted+Forests+to+the+Modern+World&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-415-90081-2&rft.aulast=Zipes&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbrothersgrimmfro0000zipe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZipes2002" class="citation book cs1">Zipes, Jack (2002). <i>The Brothers Grimm: From Enchanted Forests to the Modern World</i> (2nd ed.). Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-29380-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-29380-2"><bdi>978-0-312-29380-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Brothers+Grimm%3A+From+Enchanted+Forests+to+the+Modern+World&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-312-29380-2&rft.aulast=Zipes&rft.aufirst=Jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZipes1984" class="citation journal cs1">Zipes, Jack (1984). "The Grimm <i>German Legends</i> in English". <i><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Literature_(journal)" title="Children's Literature (journal)">Children's Literature</a></i>. <b>12</b>: 162–166. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fchl.0.0073">10.1353/chl.0.0073</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144126039">144126039</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Children%27s+Literature&rft.atitle=The+Grimm+German+Legends+in+English&rft.volume=12&rft.pages=162-166&rft.date=1984&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fchl.0.0073&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144126039%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Zipes&rft.aufirst=Jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZipes2014" class="citation book cs1">Zipes, Jack (2014). <i>The Original Folk and Fairy Tales of The Brothers Grimm</i>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-16059-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-16059-7"><bdi>978-0-691-16059-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Original+Folk+and+Fairy+Tales+of+The+Brothers+Grimm&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-691-16059-7&rft.aulast=Zipes&rft.aufirst=Jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZipes2000" class="citation book cs1">Zipes, Jack (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont0000zipe"><i>The Oxford Companion to Fairy Tales</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-860115-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-860115-9"><bdi>978-0-19-860115-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+Fairy+Tales&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-19-860115-9&rft.aulast=Zipes&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordcompaniont0000zipe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarpenterPrichard1984" class="citation book cs1">Carpenter, Humphrey; Prichard, Mari (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00carp"><i>The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature</i></a>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-211582-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-211582-0"><bdi>0-19-211582-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+Children%27s+Literature&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-19-211582-0&rft.aulast=Carpenter&rft.aufirst=Humphrey&rft.au=Prichard%2C+Mari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordcompaniont00carp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllis1983" class="citation book cs1">Ellis, John M. (1983). <i>One Fairy Story Too Many: The Brothers Grimm and their Tales</i>. University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-22-6205465" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-22-6205465"><bdi>978-0-22-6205465</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=One+Fairy+Story+Too+Many%3A+The+Brothers+Grimm+and+their+Tales&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=978-0-22-6205465&rft.aulast=Ellis&rft.aufirst=John+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIhms1975" class="citation journal cs1">Ihms, Schmidt M. (1975). "The Brothers Grimm and their collection of 'Kinder und Hausmärchen". <i>Theoria: A Journal of Social and Political Theory</i>. <b>45</b>: 41–54.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Theoria%3A+A+Journal+of+Social+and+Political+Theory&rft.atitle=The+Brothers+Grimm+and+their+collection+of+%27Kinder+und+Hausm%C3%A4rchen&rft.volume=45&rft.pages=41-54&rft.date=1975&rft.aulast=Ihms&rft.aufirst=Schmidt+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPullman,_Philip2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Pullman" title="Philip Pullman">Pullman, Philip</a> (2012). "Introduction". In Pullman, Philip (ed.). <i>Fairy Tales from the Brothers Grimm</i>. New York: Viking. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-670-02497-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-670-02497-1"><bdi>978-0-670-02497-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction&rft.btitle=Fairy+Tales+from+the+Brothers+Grimm&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Viking&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-670-02497-1&rft.au=Pullman%2C+Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Norberg, Jakob. <i>The Brothers Grimm and the Making of German Nationalism.</i> Cambridge University Press, 2022.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmiesing2024" class="citation book cs1">Schmiesing, Ann (2024). <i>The Brothers Grimm: A Biography</i>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0300221756" title="Special:BookSources/978-0300221756"><bdi>978-0300221756</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Brothers+Grimm%3A+A+Biography&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2024&rft.isbn=978-0300221756&rft.aulast=Schmiesing&rft.aufirst=Ann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimpsonRoud2000" class="citation book cs1">Simpson, Jacqueline; Roud, Steve (2000). <i>A Dictionary of English Folklore</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-210019-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-210019-1"><bdi>978-0-19-210019-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+English+Folklore&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-19-210019-1&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=Jacqueline&rft.au=Roud%2C+Steve&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrothers+Grimm" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brothers_Grimm&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Brothers_Grimm" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Brothers Grimm">the Brothers Grimm</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> Quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Brothers_Grimm" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Brothers Grimm">the Brothers Grimm</a> at Wikiquote</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> Works related to <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/portal:Brothers_Grimm" class="extiw" title="wikisource:portal:Brothers Grimm">the Brothers Grimm</a> at Wikisource</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/jacob-grimm_wilhelm-grimm">Works by the Brothers Grimm in eBook form</a> at <a href="/wiki/Standard_Ebooks" title="Standard Ebooks">Standard Ebooks</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2024/11/11/the-brothers-grimm-a-biography-ann-schmiesing-book-review">“The Brothers Grimm Were Dark for a Reason”</a> by Jennifer Wilson. A review of Ann Schmiesing’s <i>The Brothers Grimm: A Biography</i>, published in <i>The New Yorker</i>, Nov. 4, 2024.</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation gutenberg"> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gutenberg.org/ebooks/2591">Grimms' Fairy Tales</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></span> Translated by <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Taylor_(author)" title="Edgar Taylor (author)">Edgar Taylor</a> and Marian Edwardes.</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation gutenberg"> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gutenberg.org/ebooks/5314">Grimms' household tales</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></span>. Translated by <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Raine_Hunt" title="Margaret Raine Hunt">Margaret Raine Hunt</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Grimm%2C%20Brothers%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Brothers%20Grimm%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Grimm%2C%20Brothers%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Brothers%20Grimm%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Grimm%2C%20B%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Brothers%20Grimm%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Grimm%2C%20Brothers%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Brothers%20Grimm%22%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Brothers Grimm</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/4098">Works by Brothers Grimm</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Brothers_Grimm" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible show navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Brothers_Grimm" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Brothers Grimm"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Brothers_Grimm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Brothers Grimm</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Grimm" title="Jacob Grimm">Jacob Grimm</a></b> · <b><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Grimm" title="Wilhelm Grimm">Wilhelm Grimm</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Grimms%27_Fairy_Tales" title="Grimms' Fairy Tales">Grimms' Fairy Tales</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Sagen" title="Deutsche Sagen">Deutsche Sagen</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Mythologie" title="Deutsche Mythologie">Deutsche Mythologie</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Deutsches_W%C3%B6rterbuch" title="Deutsches Wörterbuch">Deutsches Wörterbuch</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable<br /> tales</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Bearskin_(German_fairy_tale)" title="Bearskin (German fairy tale)">Bearskin</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Brave_Little_Tailor" title="The Brave Little Tailor">The Brave Little Tailor</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Brother_and_Sister" title="Brother and Sister">Brother and Sister</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Cat_and_Mouse_in_Partnership" title="Cat and Mouse in Partnership">Cat and Mouse in Partnership</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Cinderella" title="Cinderella">Cinderella</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Devil_with_the_Three_Golden_Hairs" title="The Devil with the Three Golden Hairs">The Devil with the Three Golden Hairs</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Doctor_Know-all" title="Doctor Know-all">Doctor Know-all</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Dog_and_the_Sparrow" title="The Dog and the Sparrow">The Dog and the Sparrow</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Elves_and_the_Shoemaker" title="The Elves and the Shoemaker">The Elves and the Shoemaker</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Fisherman_and_His_Wife" title="The Fisherman and His Wife">The Fisherman and His Wife</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Four_Skillful_Brothers" title="The Four Skillful Brothers">The Four Skillful Brothers</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Frog_Prince" title="The Frog Prince">The Frog Prince</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Gnome_(fairy_tale)" title="The Gnome (fairy tale)">The Gnome</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Godfather_Death" title="Godfather Death">Godfather Death</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Bird" title="The Golden Bird">The Golden Bird</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Goose" title="The Golden Goose">The Golden Goose</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Goose_Girl" title="The Goose Girl">The Goose Girl</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Goose-Girl_at_the_Well" title="The Goose-Girl at the Well">The Goose-Girl at the Well</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Grave_Mound" title="The Grave Mound">The Grave Mound</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Hans_My_Hedgehog" title="Hans My Hedgehog">Hans My Hedgehog</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel" title="Hansel and Gretel">Hansel and Gretel</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Hut_in_the_Forest" title="The Hut in the Forest">The Hut in the Forest</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Jew_Among_Thorns" title="The Jew Among Thorns">The Jew Among Thorns</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Jorinde_and_Joringel" title="Jorinde and Joringel">Jorinde and Joringel</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Juniper_Tree_(fairy_tale)" title="The Juniper Tree (fairy tale)">The Juniper Tree</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_King_of_the_Golden_Mountain" title="The King of the Golden Mountain">The King of the Golden Mountain</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/King_Thrushbeard" title="King Thrushbeard">King Thrushbeard</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood" title="Little Red Riding Hood">Little Red Riding Hood</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Mary%27s_Child" title="Mary's Child">Mary's Child</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Frau_Holle" title="Frau Holle">Mother Holle</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Old_Hildebrand" title="Old Hildebrand">Old Hildebrand</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Old_Sultan" title="Old Sultan">Old Sultan</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Pied_Piper_of_Hamelin" title="Pied Piper of Hamelin">Pied Piper of Hamelin</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Queen_Bee" title="The Queen Bee">The Queen Bee</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Rapunzel" title="Rapunzel">Rapunzel</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Riddle_(fairy_tale)" title="The Riddle (fairy tale)">The Riddle</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Robber_Bridegroom_(fairy_tale)" title="The Robber Bridegroom (fairy tale)">The Robber Bridegroom</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Rumpelstiltskin" title="Rumpelstiltskin">Rumpelstiltskin</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Seven_Ravens" title="The Seven Ravens">The Seven Ravens</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Singing,_Springing_Lark" title="The Singing, Springing Lark">The Singing, Springing Lark</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Six_Servants" title="The Six Servants">The Six Servants</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Six_Swans" title="The Six Swans">The Six Swans</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty" title="Sleeping Beauty">Sleeping Beauty</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Snow_White" title="Snow White">Snow White</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Snow-White_and_Rose-Red" title="Snow-White and Rose-Red">Snow-White and Rose-Red</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_the_Youth_Who_Went_Forth_to_Learn_What_Fear_Was" title="The Story of the Youth Who Went Forth to Learn What Fear Was">The Story of the Youth Who Went Forth to Learn What Fear Was</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Three_Little_Men_in_the_Wood" title="The Three Little Men in the Wood">The Three Little Men in the Wood</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Three_Spinners" title="The Three Spinners">The Three Spinners</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Thumbling" title="Thumbling">Thumbling</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Town_Musicians_of_Bremen" title="Town Musicians of Bremen">Town Musicians of Bremen</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Trusty_John" title="Trusty John">Trusty John</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Turnip" title="The Turnip">The Turnip</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Twelve_Brothers" title="The Twelve Brothers">The Twelve Brothers</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Twelve_Dancing_Princesses" title="The Twelve Dancing Princesses">The Twelve Dancing Princesses</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Water_of_Life_(German_fairy_tale)" title="The Water of Life (German fairy tale)">The Water of Life</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_White_Snake" title="The White Snake">The White Snake</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Wolf_and_the_Seven_Young_Goats" title="The Wolf and the Seven Young Goats">The Wolf and the Seven Young Goats</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Musician" title="The Wonderful Musician">The Wonderful Musician</a>"</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grimm%27s_law" title="Grimm's law">Grimm's law</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ttingen_Seven" title="Göttingen Seven">Göttingen Seven</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Grim_Tales" title="Grim Tales">Grim Tales</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_World_of_the_Brothers_Grimm" title="The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm">The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Brothers_Grimm" title="Once Upon a Brothers Grimm">Once Upon a Brothers Grimm</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Grimm%27s_Fairy_Tale_Classics" title="Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics">Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Simsala_Grimm" title="Simsala Grimm">Simsala Grimm</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Brothers_Grimm_(film)" title="The Brothers Grimm (film)">The Brothers Grimm</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Grimm_Tales_(play)" title="Grimm Tales (play)">Grimm Tales</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sisters_Grimm" title="The Sisters Grimm">The Sisters Grimm</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fairy_tale" title="Fairy tale">Fairy tale</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/American_McGee%27s_Grimm" title="American McGee's Grimm">American McGee's Grimm</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_Fairy_Tale_Route" title="German Fairy Tale Route">German Fairy Tale Route</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Grimm_(TV_series)" title="Grimm (TV series)">Grimm</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_(TV_series)" title="Once Upon a Time (TV series)">Once Upon a Time</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_10th_Kingdom" title="The 10th Kingdom">The 10th Kingdom</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Grimm_Variations" title="The Grimm Variations">The Grimm Variations</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Brothers_Grimm" title="Category:Brothers Grimm">Category</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Brothers_Grimm" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Brothers Grimm">Commons</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Associated_subjects" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Associated_subjects" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Associated subjects</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="&quot;Little_Red_Riding_Hood&quot;" style="text-align:center;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:red; color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Little_Red_Riding_Hood" title="Template:Little Red Riding Hood"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Little_Red_Riding_Hood" title="Template talk:Little Red Riding Hood"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Little_Red_Riding_Hood" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Little Red Riding Hood"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="&quot;Little_Red_Riding_Hood&quot;" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">"<a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood" title="Little Red Riding Hood"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:lightgrey">Little Red Riding Hood</span></a>"</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red; color:white;;width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Riding_Hood_(1901_film)" title="Red Riding Hood (1901 film)">Red Riding Hood</a></i> (1901)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood_(1920_film)" title="Little Red Riding Hood (1920 film)">Little Red Riding Hood</a></i> (1920)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood_(1953_film)" title="Little Red Riding Hood (1953 film)">Little Red Riding Hood</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood_(1954_film)" title="Little Red Riding Hood (1954 film)">Little Red Riding Hood</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rotk%C3%A4ppchen" title="Rotkäppchen">Rotkäppchen</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tom_Thumb_and_Little_Red_Riding_Hood" title="Tom Thumb and Little Red Riding Hood">Tom Thumb and Little Red Riding Hood</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/About_the_Little_Red_Riding_Hood" title="About the Little Red Riding Hood">About the Little Red Riding Hood</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Riding_Hood_(1989_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Riding Hood (1989 film)">Red Riding Hood</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood_(1997_film)" title="Little Red Riding Hood (1997 film)">Little Red Riding Hood</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Riding_Hood_(2003_film)" title="Red Riding Hood (2003 film)">Red Riding Hood</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Riding_Hood_(2006_film)" title="Red Riding Hood (2006 film)">Red Riding Hood</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Riding_Hood_(2011_film)" title="Red Riding Hood (2011 film)">Red Riding Hood</a></i> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red; color:white;;width:1%">Animation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood_(1922_film)" title="Little Red Riding Hood (1922 film)">Little Red Riding Hood</a></i> (1922 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Red_Riding_Hood" title="Dizzy Red Riding Hood">Dizzy Red Riding Hood</a></i> (1931 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Old_King_Cole_(film)" title="Old King Cole (film)">Old King Cole</a></i> (1933 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Bad_Wolf_(1934_film)" title="The Big Bad Wolf (1934 film)">The Big Bad Wolf</a></i> (1934 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Walking_Hood" title="Little Red Walking Hood">Little Red Walking Hood</a></i> (1937 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bear%27s_Tale" title="The Bear's Tale">The Bear's Tale</a></i> (1940 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Hot_Riding_Hood" title="Red Hot Riding Hood">Red Hot Riding Hood</a></i> (1943 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Goldilocks_and_the_Jivin%27_Bears" title="Goldilocks and the Jivin' Bears">Goldilocks and the Jivin' Bears</a></i> (1944 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Rabbit" title="Little Red Riding Rabbit">Little Red Riding Rabbit</a></i> (1944 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Who%27s_Cookin%27_Who%3F" class="mw-redirect" title="Who's Cookin' Who?">Who's Cookin' Who?</a></i> (1946 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Rural_Riding_Hood" title="Little Rural Riding Hood">Little Rural Riding Hood</a></i> (1949 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Rodent_Hood" title="Little Red Rodent Hood">Little Red Rodent Hood</a></i> (1952 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Riding_Hoodwinked" title="Red Riding Hoodwinked">Red Riding Hoodwinked</a></i> (1955 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Riding_Hoodlum" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Riding Hoodlum">Red Riding Hoodlum</a></i> (1957 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Now_Hare_This" title="Now Hare This">Now Hare This</a></i> (1958 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Woody_Riding_Hood" class="mw-redirect" title="Little Woody Riding Hood">Little Woody Riding Hood</a></i> (1962 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rough_Riding_Hood" class="mw-redirect" title="Rough Riding Hood">Rough Riding Hood</a></i> (1966 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/For_the_Love_of_Pizza" class="mw-redirect" title="For the Love of Pizza">For the Love of Pizza</a></i> (1972 cartoon)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Riddle" title="The Magic Riddle">The Magic Riddle</a></i> (1991 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Redux_Riding_Hood" title="Redux Riding Hood">Redux Riding Hood</a></i> (1997 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hoodwinked!" title="Hoodwinked!">Hoodwinked!</a></i> (2005 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hoodwinked_Too!_Hood_vs._Evil" title="Hoodwinked Too! Hood vs. Evil">Hoodwinked Too! Hood vs. Evil</a></i> (2011 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red; color:white;;width:1%">Video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood%27s_Zombie_BBQ" title="Little Red Riding Hood's Zombie BBQ">Little Red Riding Hood's Zombie BBQ</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Path_(video_game)" title="The Path (video game)">The Path</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Overlord:_Dark_Legend" title="Overlord: Dark Legend">Overlord: Dark Legend</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dragon_Fin_Soup" title="Dragon Fin Soup">Dragon Fin Soup</a></i> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red; color:white;;width:1%">Stage adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Riding_Hood_(opera)" title="Little Red Riding Hood (opera)">Little Red Riding Hood</a></i> (1911 opera)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grimm_(musical)" title="Grimm (musical)">Grimm</a></i> (2014 musical)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red; color:white;;width:1%">Literary adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tale_of_Jemima_Puddle-Duck" title="The Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck">The Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck</a></i> (1908)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anguish_Languish" title="Anguish Languish">Anguish Languish</a></i> (1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chapeuzinho_Amarelo" title="Chapeuzinho Amarelo">Chapeuzinho Amarelo</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Flossie_%26_the_Fox" title="Flossie & the Fox">Flossie & the Fox</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lon_Po_Po" title="Lon Po Po">Lon Po Po: A Red-Riding Hood Story from China</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wolf_(novel)" title="Wolf (novel)">Wolf</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_Cap_(poem)" title="Little Red Cap (poem)">Little Red Cap</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scarlet_(novel)" title="Scarlet (novel)">Scarlet</a></i> (2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red; color:white;;width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/Adaptations_of_Little_Red_Riding_Hood" title="Adaptations of Little Red Riding Hood"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:lightgrey">adaptations</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Li%27l_Red_Riding_Hood" title="Li'l Red Riding Hood">Li'l Red Riding Hood</a>" (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Company_of_Wolves" title="The Company of Wolves">The Company of Wolves</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Red_Spectacles" title="The Red Spectacles">The Red Spectacles</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Freeway_(1996_film)" title="Freeway (1996 film)">Freeway</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Black_XXX-Mas" title="Black XXX-Mas">Black XXX-Mas</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jin-Roh:_The_Wolf_Brigade" title="Jin-Roh: The Wolf Brigade">Jin-Roh: The Wolf Brigade</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Red_Hood" title="Tokyo Red Hood">Tokyo Red Hood</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Wicked_Tale" title="A Wicked Tale">A Wicked Tale</a></i> (2005)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Red-Handed" title="Red-Handed">Red-Handed</a>" (2012)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Child_of_the_Moon" title="Child of the Moon">Child of the Moon</a>" (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Dead_Rotting_Hood" title="Little Dead Rotting Hood">Little Dead Rotting Hood</a></i> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:red; color:white;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bad_Wolf" title="Big Bad Wolf">Big Bad Wolf</a> (character)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_(animated_character)" title="Red (animated character)">Red</a> (character)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Akazukin_Chacha" title="Akazukin Chacha">Akazukin Chacha</a></i> (1994 anime series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Goldilocks_and_the_Jivin%27_Bears" title="Goldilocks and the Jivin' Bears">Goldilocks and the Jivin' Bears</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Now_Hare_This" title="Now Hare This">Now Hare This</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deadtime_Stories_(film)" title="Deadtime Stories (film)">Deadtime Stories</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Baby_Bear_and_the_Big,_Bad_Wolf" title="Baby Bear and the Big, Bad Wolf">Baby Bear and the Big, Bad Wolf</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Simsala_Grimm" title="Simsala Grimm">Simsala Grimm</a></i> (Animated TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Woods" title="Into the Woods"> Into the Woods</a></i> (1986 Broadway Production)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_(TV_series)" title="Once Upon a Time (TV series)">Once Upon a Time</a></i> (TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xuxa_em_O_Mist%C3%A9rio_de_Feiurinha" title="Xuxa em O Mistério de Feiurinha">Xuxa em O Mistério de Feiurinha</a></i> (2009 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Woods_(film)" title="Into the Woods (film)"> Into the Woods</a></i> (2014 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RWBY" title="RWBY">RWBY</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="&quot;Cinderella&quot;_by_Charles_Perrault_and_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cinderella" title="Template:Cinderella"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cinderella" title="Template talk:Cinderella"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cinderella" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cinderella"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="&quot;Cinderella&quot;_by_Charles_Perrault_and_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">"<a href="/wiki/Cinderella" title="Cinderella">Cinderella</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Perrault" title="Charles Perrault">Charles Perrault</a> and the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brothers Grimm</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Universe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Universe</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Characters" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buttons_(pantomime)" title="Buttons (pantomime)">Buttons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinderella" title="Cinderella">Cinderella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugly_sisters" title="Ugly sisters">Ugly sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_godmother" title="Fairy godmother">Fairy godmother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicked_stepmother" class="mw-redirect" title="Wicked stepmother">Wicked stepmother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Charming" title="Prince Charming">Prince Charming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National<br />variation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bawang_Merah_Bawang_Putih" title="Bawang Merah Bawang Putih">Bawang Merah Bawang Putih</a> (Malay and Indonesian)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beauty_and_Pock_Face" title="Beauty and Pock Face">Beauty and Pock Face</a> (Chinese)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABj%C5%8D-hime" title="Chūjō-hime">Chūjō-hime</a> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair,_Brown_and_Trembling" title="Fair, Brown and Trembling">Fair, Brown and Trembling</a> (Irish)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finette_Cendron" title="Finette Cendron">Finette Cendron</a> (French)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Green_Knight_(fairy_tale)" title="The Green Knight (fairy tale)">The Green Knight</a> (Danish)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katie_Woodencloak" title="Katie Woodencloak">Katie Woodencloak</a> (Norwegian)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongjwi_and_Patjwi" title="Kongjwi and Patjwi">Kongjwi and Patjwi</a> (Korean)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_(Philippine_fairy_tale)" title="Maria (Philippine fairy tale)">Maria</a> (Philippines)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ochikubo_Monogatari" title="Ochikubo Monogatari">Ochikubo Monogatari</a></i> (Japanese)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Rhodopis" title="Rhodopis">Rhodopis</a>" (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rushen_Coatie" title="Rushen Coatie">Rushen Coatie</a> (Scottish)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sharp_Grey_Sheep" title="The Sharp Grey Sheep">The Sharp Grey Sheep</a> (Scottish)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_T%E1%BA%A5m_and_C%C3%A1m" title="The Story of Tấm and Cám">The Story of Tấm and Cám</a> (Vietnamese)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sumiyoshi_Monogatari" title="Sumiyoshi Monogatari">Sumiyoshi Monogatari</a></i> (Japanese)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_True_Bride" title="The True Bride">The True Bride</a> (German)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Birch" title="The Wonderful Birch">The Wonderful Birch</a> (Russian)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Xian" title="Ye Xian">Ye Xian</a> (Chinese)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacinda_Vidrio" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacinda Vidrio">Jacinda Vidrio</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Catskin" title="Catskin">Catskin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Woods" title="Into the Woods">Into the Woods</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Woods_(film)" title="Into the Woods (film)">Into the Woods</a></i> (2014 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Politically_Correct_Bedtime_Stories" title="Politically Correct Bedtime Stories">Politically Correct Bedtime Stories</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Disney%27s_Cinderella_characters" title="List of Disney's Cinderella characters">Disney's characters</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stop!_Look!_and_Laugh!" title="Stop! Look! and Laugh!">Stop! Look! and Laugh!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Waltz_Suite_(Prokofiev)" title="Waltz Suite (Prokofiev)">Waltz Suite</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Cinderella_Two_Goes_East" title="Black Cinderella Two Goes East">Black Cinderella Two Goes East</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella%27s_Stepsister" title="Cinderella's Stepsister">Cinderella's Stepsister</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underdog" title="Underdog">Cinderella</a> (sports)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lying_to_Be_Perfect" title="Lying to Be Perfect">Lying to Be Perfect</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xuxa_em_O_Mist%C3%A9rio_de_Feiurinha" title="Xuxa em O Mistério de Feiurinha">Xuxa em O Mistério de Feiurinha</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella%27s_Eyes" title="Cinderella's Eyes">Cinderella's Eyes</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Breaks_the_Internet" title="Ralph Breaks the Internet">Ralph Breaks the Internet</a></i> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Male<br />versions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Askeladden" title="Askeladden">Askeladden</a> or Boots (Norwegian)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_Boy_(Japanese_folktale)" title="Fire Boy (Japanese folktale)">Fire Boy</a> (Japanese)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Media" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Media</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(1899_film)" title="Cinderella (1899 film)">Cinderella</a></i> (1899)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_or_the_Glass_Slipper" title="Cinderella or the Glass Slipper">Cinderella or the Glass Slipper</a></i> (1912)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(1914_film)" title="Cinderella (1914 film)">Cinderella</a></i> (1914)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Lowland_Cinderella" title="A Lowland Cinderella">A Lowland Cinderella</a></i> (1921)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Kiss_for_Cinderella_(film)" title="A Kiss for Cinderella (film)">A Kiss for Cinderella</a></i> (1925)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ella_Cinders_(film)" title="Ella Cinders (film)">Ella Cinders</a></i> (1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Shoes_(1935_film)" title="The Magic Shoes (1935 film)">The Magic Shoes</a></i> (1935)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/First_Love_(1939_film)" title="First Love (1939 film)">First Love</a></i> (1939)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Princess_Cinderella" title="Princess Cinderella">Princess Cinderella</a></i> (1941)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(1947_film)" title="Cinderella (1947 film)">Cinderella</a></i> (1947)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Glass_Slipper_(film)" title="The Glass Slipper (film)">The Glass Slipper</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(1955_film)" title="Cinderella (1955 film)">Cinderella</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderfella" title="Cinderfella">Cinderfella</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stop!_Look!_and_Laugh!" title="Stop! Look! and Laugh!">Stop! Look! and Laugh!</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/More_Than_a_Miracle" title="More Than a Miracle">More Than a Miracle</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C5%99i_o%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%A1ky_pro_Popelku" class="mw-redirect" title="Tři oříšky pro Popelku">Tři oříšky pro Popelku</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Slipper_and_the_Rose" title="The Slipper and the Rose">The Slipper and the Rose</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(1979_film)" title="Cinderella (1979 film)">Cinderella</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_%2780" title="Cinderella '80">Cinderella '80</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maid_to_Order" title="Maid to Order">Maid to Order</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lua_de_Cristal" title="Lua de Cristal">Lua de Cristal</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/If_the_Shoe_Fits_(film)" title="If the Shoe Fits (film)">If the Shoe Fits</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ever_After" title="Ever After">Ever After</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ella_Enchanted_(film)" title="Ella Enchanted (film)">Ella Enchanted</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(2006_film)" title="Cinderella (2006 film)">Cinderella</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elle:_A_Modern_Cinderella_Tale" title="Elle: A Modern Cinderella Tale">Elle: A Modern Cinderella Tale</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rags_(2012_film)" title="Rags (2012 film)">Rags</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(2021_American_film)" title="Cinderella (2021 American film)">Cinderella</a></i> (2021)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sneakerella" title="Sneakerella">Sneakerella</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/A_Cinderella_Story_(film_series)" title="A Cinderella Story (film series)"><i>A Cinderella Story</i> series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Cinderella_Story" title="A Cinderella Story">A Cinderella Story</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Another_Cinderella_Story" title="Another Cinderella Story">Another Cinderella Story</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Cinderella_Story:_Once_Upon_a_Song" title="A Cinderella Story: Once Upon a Song">Once Upon a Song</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Cinderella_Story:_If_the_Shoe_Fits" title="A Cinderella Story: If the Shoe Fits">If the Shoe Fits</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Cinderella_Story:_Christmas_Wish" title="A Cinderella Story: Christmas Wish">Christmas Wish</a></i> (2019)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Cinderella_Story:_Starstruck" title="A Cinderella Story: Starstruck">Starstruck</a></i> (2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(franchise)" title="Cinderella (franchise)">Disney's <i>Cinderella</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(1950_film)" title="Cinderella (1950 film)">Cinderella</a></i> (1950)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_II:_Dreams_Come_True" title="Cinderella II: Dreams Come True">Dreams Come True</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_III:_A_Twist_in_Time" title="Cinderella III: A Twist in Time">A Twist in Time</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(2015_American_film)" title="Cinderella (2015 American film)">Cinderella</a></i> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_Blues" title="Cinderella Blues">Cinderella Blues</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Poor_Cinderella" title="Poor Cinderella">Poor Cinderella</a></i> (1934)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_Meets_Fella" title="Cinderella Meets Fella">Cinderella Meets Fella</a></i> (1938)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Swing_Shift_Cinderella" title="Swing Shift Cinderella">Swing Shift Cinderella</a></i> (1945)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Fistory" title="Ancient Fistory">Ancient Fistory</a></i> (1953)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%B1orella_and_the_Glass_Huarache" title="Señorella and the Glass Huarache">Señorella and the Glass Huarache</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(1979_film)" title="Cinderella (1979 film)">Cinderella</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tender_Tale_of_Cinderella_Penguin" title="The Tender Tale of Cinderella Penguin">The Tender Tale of Cinderella Penguin</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Riddle" title="The Magic Riddle">The Magic Riddle</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Happily_N%27Ever_After" title="Happily N'Ever After">Happily N'Ever After</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Year_of_the_Fish" title="Year of the Fish">Year of the Fish</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_the_Cat" title="Cinderella the Cat">Cinderella the Cat</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charming_(film)" title="Charming (film)">Charming</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_and_the_Secret_Prince" title="Cinderella and the Secret Prince">Cinderella and the Secret Prince</a></i> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hey,_Cinderella!" title="Hey, Cinderella!">Hey, Cinderella!</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cindy_(film)" title="Cindy (film)">Cindy</a></i> (1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(TV_series)" title="Cinderella (TV series)">Cinderella Monogatari</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(1997_film)" title="Cinderella (1997 film)">Cinderella</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CinderElmo" title="CinderElmo">CinderElmo</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(2000_film)" title="Cinderella (2000 film)">Cinderella</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Was_a_Rat" title="I Was a Rat">I Was a Rat/Cinderella and Me</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Cenicienta_(TV_series)" title="La Cenicienta (TV series)">La Cenicienta</a></i> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bawang_Merah_Bawang_Putih_(TV_series)" title="Bawang Merah Bawang Putih (TV series)">Bawang Merah Bawang Putih</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Floricienta" title="Floricienta">Floricienta</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Floribella#Floribella_Brazil" title="Floribella">Floribella</a></i> (2005 Brazil)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Floribella#Portugal" title="Floribella">Floribella</a></i> (2006 Portugal)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grazilda" title="Grazilda">Grazilda</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rags_(2012_film)" title="Rags (2012 film)">Rags</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aik_Nayee_Cinderella" title="Aik Nayee Cinderella">Aik Nayee Cinderella</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Descendants:_The_Rise_of_Red" title="Descendants: The Rise of Red">Descendants: The Rise of Red</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literary<br />adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Celestina_(novel)" title="Celestina (novel)">Celestina</a></i> (1791)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ella_Cinders" title="Ella Cinders">Ella Cinders</a></i> (1925–1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella,_or_the_Little_Glass_Slipper" title="Cinderella, or the Little Glass Slipper">Cinderella, or the Little Glass Slipper</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nine_Coaches_Waiting" title="Nine Coaches Waiting">Nine Coaches Waiting</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Coachman_Rat" title="The Coachman Rat">The Coachman Rat</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Witches_Abroad" title="Witches Abroad">Witches Abroad</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ella_Enchanted" title="Ella Enchanted">Ella Enchanted</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Was_a_Rat!:_or,_The_Scarlet_Slippers" class="mw-redirect" title="I Was a Rat!: or, The Scarlet Slippers">I Was a Rat!: or, The Scarlet Slippers</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Just_Ella" title="Just Ella">Just Ella</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Confessions_of_an_Ugly_Stepsister" title="Confessions of an Ugly Stepsister">Confessions of an Ugly Stepsister</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Cinderella" title="Chinese Cinderella">Chinese Cinderella</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fairy_Godmother_(novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Fairy Godmother (novel)">The Fairy Godmother</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_and_Ashes" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix and Ashes">Phoenix and Ashes</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bella_at_Midnight" title="Bella at Midnight">Bella at Midnight</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ash_(novel)" title="Ash (novel)">Ash</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Princess_of_Glass" title="Princess of Glass">Princess of Glass</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinder_(novel)" title="Cinder (novel)">Cinder</a></i> (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opera</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cendrillon_(Isouard)" title="Cendrillon (Isouard)">Cendrillon</a></i> (1810 Isouard)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Cenerentola" title="La Cenerentola">La Cenerentola</a></i> (1817 Rossini)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cendrillon" title="Cendrillon">Cendrillon</a></i> (1899 Massenet)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cendrillon_(Viardot)" title="Cendrillon (Viardot)">Cendrillon</a></i> (1904 Viardot)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Cenicienta" title="La Cenicienta">La Cenicienta</a></i> (1966 Hen)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(Deutscher)" title="Cinderella (Deutscher)">Cinderella</a></i> (2016 Deutscher)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ballet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(Fitinhof-Schell)" title="Cinderella (Fitinhof-Schell)">Cinderella</a></i> (1893 Fitinhof-Schell)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aschenbr%C3%B6del" title="Aschenbrödel">Aschenbrödel</a></i> (1900 Strauss-Bayer)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(Prokofiev)" title="Cinderella (Prokofiev)">Cinderella</a></i> (1945 Prokofiev)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(Ashton)" title="Cinderella (Ashton)">Cinderella</a></i> (1948 Ashton)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musicals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_and_the_Prince,_or_The_Castle_of_Heart%27s_Desire" title="Cinderella and the Prince, or The Castle of Heart's Desire">Cinderella and the Prince, or The Castle of Heart's Desire</a></i> (1904)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Stubborn_Cinderella" title="A Stubborn Cinderella">A Stubborn Cinderella</a></i> (1909)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mr._Cinders" title="Mr. Cinders">Mr. Cinders</a></i> (1929)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(Rodgers_and_Hammerstein_musical)" title="Cinderella (Rodgers and Hammerstein musical)">Cinderella</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cindy_(musical)" title="Cindy (musical)">Cindy</a></i> (1964)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Penny_Friend" title="The Penny Friend">The Penny Friend</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Slipper_and_the_Rose_(musical)" title="The Slipper and the Rose (musical)">The Slipper and the Rose</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Woods" title="Into the Woods">Into the Woods</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Soho_Cinders" title="Soho Cinders">Soho Cinders</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rodgers_%2B_Hammerstein%27s_Cinderella_(Beane_musical)" title="Rodgers + Hammerstein's Cinderella (Beane musical)">Cinderella</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(Lloyd_Webber_musical)" title="Cinderella (Lloyd Webber musical)">Cinderella</a></i> (2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Plays <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Kiss_for_Cinderella" title="A Kiss for Cinderella">A Kiss for Cinderella</a></i> (1916)</li></ul></li> <li>Comics <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella:_From_Fabletown_with_Love" title="Cinderella: From Fabletown with Love">Cinderella: From Fabletown with Love</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderalla" title="Cinderalla">Cinderalla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ella_Cinders" title="Ella Cinders">Ella Cinders</a></i> (1925–1961)</li></ul></li> <li>Games <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinders_(video_game)" title="Cinders (video game)">Cinders</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Pantomime <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinderella" title="Sinderella">Sinderella</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Spread_a_Little_Happiness" title="Spread a Little Happiness">Spread a Little Happiness</a>" (1929)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo" title="Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo">Bibbidi-Bobbidi-Boo</a>" (1949)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Dream_Is_a_Wish_Your_Heart_Makes" title="A Dream Is a Wish Your Heart Makes">A Dream Is a Wish Your Heart Makes</a>" (1950)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(Vince_Gill_song)" title="Cinderella (Vince Gill song)">Cinderella</a>" (1987)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Hey_Cinderella" title="Hey Cinderella">Hey Cinderella</a>" (1993)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/It%27s_Midnight_Cinderella" title="It's Midnight Cinderella">It's Midnight Cinderella</a>" (1996)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(Sweetbox_song)" title="Cinderella (Sweetbox song)">Cinderella</a>" (2001)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(Shakaya_song)" title="Cinderella (Shakaya song)">Cinderella</a>" (2002)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(i5_song)" title="Cinderella (i5 song)">Cinderella</a>" (2003)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Stealing_Cinderella" title="Stealing Cinderella">Stealing Cinderella</a>" (2007)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(Steven_Curtis_Chapman_song)" title="Cinderella (Steven Curtis Chapman song)">Cinderella</a>" (2007)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/C%5CC_(Cinderella%5CComplex)" title="C\C (Cinderella\Complex)">C\C (Cinderella\Complex)</a>" (2008)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bad_Cinderella" class="mw-redirect" title="Bad Cinderella">Bad Cinderella</a>" (2020)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Million_to_One" title="Million to One">Million to One</a>" (2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Albums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Cinderella_Story_(soundtrack)" title="A Cinderella Story (soundtrack)">A Cinderella Story</a></i> (2004 soundtrack)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Disney%27s_Princess_Favorites" title="Disney's Princess Favorites">Disney's Princess Favorites</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(2013_cast_album)" title="Cinderella (2013 cast album)">Cinderella</a></i> (2013 cast album)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella:_Original_Motion_Picture_Soundtrack" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinderella: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack">Cinderella</a></i> (2015 soundtrack)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(2021_soundtrack)" title="Cinderella (2021 soundtrack)">Cinderella</a></i> (2021 soundtrack)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sociology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_complex" title="Cinderella complex">Cinderella complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_effect" title="Cinderella effect">Cinderella effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cinderella_Movement" title="The Cinderella Movement">The Cinderella Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Coach_for_Cinderella" title="A Coach for Cinderella">A Coach for Cinderella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Ride_for_Cinderella" title="A Ride for Cinderella">A Ride for Cinderella</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adult</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinder_Ellen_up_too_Late" title="Cinder Ellen up too Late">Cinder Ellen up too Late</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cinderella_(1977_film)" title="Cinderella (1977 film)">Cinderella</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naughty_Cinderella" title="Naughty Cinderella">Naughty Cinderella</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Cinderella" title="Category:Cinderella">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="&quot;Sleeping_Beauty&quot;_by_Charles_Perrault_and_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sleeping_Beauty" title="Template:Sleeping Beauty"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sleeping_Beauty" title="Template talk:Sleeping Beauty"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sleeping_Beauty" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sleeping Beauty"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="&quot;Sleeping_Beauty&quot;_by_Charles_Perrault_and_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">"<a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty" title="Sleeping Beauty">Sleeping Beauty</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Perrault" title="Charles Perrault">Charles Perrault</a> and the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brothers Grimm</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theatre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/La_Belle_au_bois_dormant_(Carafa)" title="La Belle au bois dormant (Carafa)">La belle au bois dormant</a></i> (opera)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/La_belle_au_bois_dormant_(Lecocq)" title="La belle au bois dormant (Lecocq)">La belle au bois dormant</a></i> (opera)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sleeping_Beauty_(ballet)" title="The Sleeping Beauty (ballet)">The Sleeping Beauty</a></i> (ballet)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Hex_(musical)" title="Hex (musical)">Hex</a></i> (musical)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sun,_Moon,_and_Talia" title="Sun, Moon, and Talia">Sun, Moon, and Talia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Young_Slave" title="The Young Slave">The Young Slave</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Glass_Coffin" title="The Glass Coffin">The Glass Coffin</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retellings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Alinda_of_the_Loch" title="Alinda of the Loch">Alinda of the Loch</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Beauty_(Tepper_novel)" title="Beauty (Tepper novel)">Beauty</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Briar_Rose_(novel)" title="Briar Rose (novel)">Briar Rose</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Enchantment_(novel)" title="Enchantment (novel)">Enchantment</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Light_Princess" title="The Light Princess">The Light Princess</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Little_Daylight" title="Little Daylight">Little Daylight</a>"</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ordinary_Princess" title="The Ordinary Princess">The Ordinary Princess</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sleeping_Beauty_Quartet" title="The Sleeping Beauty Quartet">The Sleeping Beauty Quartet</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Spindle%27s_End" title="Spindle's End">Spindle's End</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty_(1949_film)" title="Sleeping Beauty (1949 film)">Sleeping Beauty</a></i> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty_(1955_film)" title="Sleeping Beauty (1955 film)">Sleeping Beauty</a></i> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty_(1959_film)" title="Sleeping Beauty (1959 film)">Sleeping Beauty</a></i> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Some_Call_It_Loving" title="Some Call It Loving">Some Call It Loving</a></i> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/How_to_Wake_a_Princess" title="How to Wake a Princess">How to Wake a Princess</a></i> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty_(1987_film)" title="Sleeping Beauty (1987 film)">Sleeping Beauty</a></i> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Disney_Princess_Enchanted_Tales:_Follow_Your_Dreams" title="Disney Princess Enchanted Tales: Follow Your Dreams">Keys to the Kingdom</a></i> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Betty" title="Sleeping Betty">Sleeping Betty</a></i> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maleficent_(film_series)" title="Maleficent (film series)"><i>Maleficent</i> film series</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Maleficent_(film)" title="Maleficent (film)">Maleficent</a></i> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Maleficent:_Mistress_of_Evil" title="Maleficent: Mistress of Evil">Maleficent: Mistress of Evil</a></i> (2019)</span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Seventh_Dwarf" title="The Seventh Dwarf">The Seventh Dwarf</a></i> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Curse_of_Sleeping_Beauty" title="The Curse of Sleeping Beauty">The Curse of Sleeping Beauty</a></i> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Charming_(film)" title="Charming (film)">Charming</a></i> (2018)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Dream_(Sleeping_Beauty_song)" title="Once Upon a Dream (Sleeping Beauty song)">Once Upon a Dream</a>" (song)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Maleficent_(soundtrack)" title="Maleficent (soundtrack)">Maleficent</a></i> (soundtrack)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Maleficent:_Mistress_of_Evil_(soundtrack)" title="Maleficent: Mistress of Evil (soundtrack)">Mistress of Evil</a></i> (soundtrack)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">"<a href="/wiki/You_Can%27t_Stop_the_Girl" title="You Can't Stop the Girl">You Can't Stop the Girl</a>" (song)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prince_Charming" title="Prince Charming">Prince Charming</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wicked_fairy_(Sleeping_Beauty)" title="Wicked fairy (Sleeping Beauty)">Wicked fairy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Disney%27s_Sleeping_Beauty_characters" title="List of Disney's Sleeping Beauty characters">Disney's <i>Sleeping Beauty</i> characters</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aurora_(Sleeping_Beauty)" title="Aurora (Sleeping Beauty)">Aurora</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Flora,_Fauna_and_Merryweather" class="mw-redirect" title="Flora, Fauna and Merryweather">Flora, Fauna and Merryweather</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maleficent" title="Maleficent">Maleficent</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty_(franchise)" title="Sleeping Beauty (franchise)">Disney's <i>Sleeping Beauty</i> franchise</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sleeping_Beauty_and_the_Beast" title="The Sleeping Beauty and the Beast">The Sleeping Beauty and the Beast</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Sleeping_Beauty" title="Category:Sleeping Beauty">Category</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="&quot;Snow_White&quot;_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="text-align:center;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Snow_White" title="Template:Snow White"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Snow_White" title="Template talk:Snow White"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Snow_White" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Snow White"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="&quot;Snow_White&quot;_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">"<a href="/wiki/Snow_White" title="Snow White">Snow White</a>" by the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brothers Grimm</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Gold-Tree_and_Silver-Tree" title="Gold-Tree and Silver-Tree">Gold-Tree and Silver-Tree</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Snow-White-Fire-Red" title="Snow-White-Fire-Red">Snow-White-Fire-Red</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Richilde_(fairy_tale)" title="Richilde (fairy tale)">Richilde</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Tale_of_the_Dead_Princess_and_the_Seven_Knights" title="The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Knights">The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Knights</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Nourie_Hadig" title="Nourie Hadig">Nourie Hadig</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Myrsina" title="Myrsina">Myrsina</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bella_Venezia" title="Bella Venezia">Bella Venezia</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_(franchise)" title="Snow White (franchise)">Disney franchise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snow_White" title="Snow White">Snow White</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_(Disney_character)" title="Snow White (Disney character)">Snow White <span style="font-size:85%;">(Disney)</span></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evil_Queen" title="Evil Queen">The Queen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evil_Queen_(Disney)" title="Evil Queen (Disney)">Evil Queen <span style="font-size:85%;">(Disney)</span></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Dwarfs" title="Seven Dwarfs">The Seven Dwarfs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_Mirror_(Snow_White)" title="Magic Mirror (Snow White)">The Magic Mirror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsman_(Snow_White)" class="mw-redirect" title="Huntsman (Snow White)">The Huntsman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Charming" title="Prince Charming">Prince Charming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_(1902_film)" title="Snow White (1902 film)">Snow White</a></i> (1902)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_(1916_film)" title="Snow White (1916 film)">Snow White</a></i> (1916)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow-White_(1933_film)" title="Snow-White (1933 film)">Betty Boop in Snow-White</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Seven_Dwarfs_(1937_film)" title="Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)">Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs</a></i> (1937)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coal_Black_and_de_Sebben_Dwarfs" title="Coal Black and de Sebben Dwarfs">Coal Black and de Sebben Dwarfs</a></i> (1943)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Seven_Dwarfs_to_the_Rescue" title="The Seven Dwarfs to the Rescue">The Seven Dwarfs to the Rescue</a></i> (1951)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Seven_Dwarfs_(1955_film)" title="Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1955 film)">Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Three_Stooges" title="Snow White and the Three Stooges">Snow White and the Three Stooges</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_(1961_film)" title="Snow White (1961 film)">Snow White</a></i> (1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Adventures_of_Snow_White" title="The New Adventures of Snow White">The New Adventures of Snow White</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Snow_White_Christmas" title="A Snow White Christmas">A Snow White Christmas</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neberte_n%C3%A1m_princezn%C3%BA" title="Neberte nám princeznú">Neberte nám princeznú</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%B3feh%C3%A9r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hófehér (page does not exist)">Hófehér</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_(1987_film)" title="Snow White (1987 film)">Snow White</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Happily_Ever_After_(1989_film)" title="Happily Ever After (1989 film)">Happily Ever After</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Riddle" title="The Magic Riddle">The Magic Riddle</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White:_A_Tale_of_Terror" title="Snow White: A Tale of Terror">Snow White: A Tale of Terror</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White:_The_Fairest_of_Them_All" title="Snow White: The Fairest of Them All">Snow White: The Fairest of Them All</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/7_Dwarves_%E2%80%93_Men_Alone_in_the_Wood" title="7 Dwarves – Men Alone in the Wood">7 Dwarves – Men Alone in the Wood</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/7_Dwarves:_The_Forest_Is_Not_Enough" title="7 Dwarves: The Forest Is Not Enough">7 Dwarves: The Forest Is Not Enough</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White:_The_Sequel" title="Snow White: The Sequel">Snow White: The Sequel</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sydney_White" title="Sydney White">Sydney White</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Happily_N%27Ever_After_2:_Snow_White%E2%80%94Another_Bite_@_the_Apple" title="Happily N'Ever After 2: Snow White—Another Bite @ the Apple">Happily N'Ever After 2: Snow White—Another Bite @ the Apple</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blanche_Neige" title="Blanche Neige">Blanche Neige</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grimm%27s_Snow_White" title="Grimm's Snow White">Grimm's Snow White</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mirror_Mirror_(film)" title="Mirror Mirror (film)">Mirror Mirror</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blancanieves" title="Blancanieves">Blancanieves</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White:_A_Deadly_Summer" title="Snow White: A Deadly Summer">Snow White: A Deadly Summer</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Seventh_Dwarf" title="The Seventh Dwarf">The Seventh Dwarf</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charming_(film)" title="Charming (film)">Charming</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Shoes_and_the_Seven_Dwarfs" title="Red Shoes and the Seven Dwarfs">Red Shoes and the Seven Dwarfs</a></i> (2019)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_(2025_film)" title="Snow White (2025 film)">Snow White</a></i> (2025)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Evil_Queen" title="Snow White and the Evil Queen">Snow White and the Evil Queen</a></i> (2025)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>The Huntsman</i> film series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Huntsman" title="Snow White and the Huntsman">Snow White and the Huntsman</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Huntsman:_Winter%27s_War" title="The Huntsman: Winter's War">The Huntsman: Winter's War</a></i> (2016)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other film references</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shrek" title="Shrek">Shrek</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Happily_N%27Ever_After" title="Happily N'Ever After">Happily N'Ever After</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shrek_the_Third" title="Shrek the Third">Shrek the Third</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xuxa_em_O_Mist%C3%A9rio_de_Feiurinha" title="Xuxa em O Mistério de Feiurinha">Xuxa em O Mistério de Feiurinha</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Descendants_(2015_film)" title="Descendants (2015 film)">Descendants</a></i> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television<br />series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_10th_Kingdom" title="The 10th Kingdom">The 10th Kingdom</a></i> (miniseries)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Charmings" title="The Charmings">The Charmings</a></i> (sitcom)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Happily_Ever_After:_Fairy_Tales_for_Every_Child" title="Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child">White Snow</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Legend_of_Snow_White" title="The Legend of Snow White">The Legend of Snow White</a></i> (anime series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9tear" title="Prétear">Prétear</a></i> (anime series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_(TV_series)" title="Once Upon a Time (TV series)">Once Upon a Time</a></i> (drama series)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/List_of_Sofia_the_First_episodes#ep27" title="List of Sofia the First episodes">The Enchanted Feast</a>" (<i><a href="/wiki/Sofia_the_First" title="Sofia the First">Sofia the First</a></i> episode)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_7D" title="The 7D">The 7D</a></i> (TV series)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Seven_Dwarfs_(1912_play)" title="Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1912 play)">Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs</a></i> (1912 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Seven_Dwarfs_(musical)" title="Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (musical)">Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs</a></i> (musical)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Snow_White_Christmas_(musical)" title="A Snow White Christmas (musical)">A Snow White Christmas</a></i> (musical)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ballet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Mirror_(ballet)" title="The Magic Mirror (ballet)">The Magic Mirror</a></i> (1903)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_(Fables)" class="mw-redirect" title="Snow White (Fables)"><i>Fables</i></a> (comics)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mira,_Mirror" title="Mira, Mirror">Mira, Mirror</a></i> (novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mirror,_Mirror_(novel)" title="Mirror, Mirror (novel)">Mirror Mirror</a></i> (novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_as_Blood,_or_Tales_from_the_Sisters_Grimmer" title="Red as Blood, or Tales from the Sisters Grimmer">Red as Blood</a></i> (short story)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Schneewittchen_(opera)" title="Schneewittchen (opera)">Schneewittchen</a></i> (opera)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Dwarfs_Mine_Train" title="Seven Dwarfs Mine Train">Seven Dwarfs Mine Train</a> (attraction)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_White%27s_Enchanted_Wish" title="Snow White's Enchanted Wish">Snow White's Enchanted Wish</a> (attraction)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_Grotto" title="Snow White Grotto">Snow White Grotto</a> (attraction)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White:_Happily_Ever_After_(video_game)" title="Snow White: Happily Ever After (video game)">Snow White: Happily Ever After</a></i> (video game)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Snow,_Glass,_Apples" title="Snow, Glass, Apples">Snow, Glass, Apples</a>" (short story)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Serpent%27s_Shadow_(Lackey_novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Serpent's Shadow (Lackey novel)">The Serpent's Shadow</a></i> (novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fairest_(novel)" title="Fairest (novel)">Fairest</a></i> (novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Politically_Correct_Bedtime_Stories" title="Politically Correct Bedtime Stories">Politically Correct Bedtime Stories</a></i> (short story collection)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amada_Anime_Series:_Super_Mario_Bros." class="mw-redirect" title="Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros.">Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros.</a></i> (OVA)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_Hearts_Birth_by_Sleep" title="Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep">Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep</a></i> (video game)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fairytale_Fights" title="Fairytale Fights">Fairytale Fights</a></i> (video game)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_with_the_Red_Hair" title="Snow White with the Red Hair">Snow White with the Red Hair</a></i> (manga)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RWBY" title="RWBY">RWBY</a></i> (TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wolf_Among_Us" title="The Wolf Among Us">The Wolf Among Us</a></i> (video game)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blue_Tea_Games#Dark_Parables_series" title="Blue Tea Games">Dark Parables</a></i> (video game)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Six-Gun_Snow_White" title="Six-Gun Snow White">Six-Gun Snow White</a></i> (novel)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snow_White_Cafe" title="Snow White Cafe">Snow White Cafe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Snow_White" title="Category:Snow White">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="&quot;Hansel_and_Gretel&quot;_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hansel_and_Gretel" title="Template:Hansel and Gretel"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hansel_and_Gretel" title="Template talk:Hansel and Gretel"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hansel_and_Gretel" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hansel and Gretel"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="&quot;Hansel_and_Gretel&quot;_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">"<a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel" title="Hansel and Gretel">Hansel and Gretel</a>" by the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brothers Grimm</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel_(1954_Janssen_film)" title="Hansel and Gretel (1954 Janssen film)">Hansel and Gretel</a></i> (directed by Walter Janssen) (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel_(1954_Genschow_film)" title="Hansel and Gretel (1954 Genschow film)">Hansel and Gretel</a></i> (directed by Fritz Genschow) (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Whoever_Slew_Auntie_Roo%3F" title="Whoever Slew Auntie Roo?">Whoever Slew Auntie Roo?</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel_(1987_film)" title="Hansel and Gretel (1987 film)">Hansel and Gretel</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel_(2002_film)" title="Hansel and Gretel (2002 film)">Hansel and Gretel</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel_(2007_film)" title="Hansel and Gretel (2007 film)">Hansel and Gretel</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_%26_Gretel:_Witch_Hunters" title="Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters">Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_%26_Gretel_(2013_film)" title="Hansel & Gretel (2013 film)">Hansel & Gretel</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_%26_Gretel_Get_Baked" title="Hansel & Gretel Get Baked">Hansel & Gretel Get Baked</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_vs._Gretel" title="Hansel vs. Gretel">Hansel vs. Gretel</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gretel_%26_Hansel" title="Gretel & Hansel">Gretel & Hansel</a></i> (2020)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hansel_and_Gretel_and_witch_silhouettes.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hansel_and_Gretel_and_witch_silhouettes.svg/150px-Hansel_and_Gretel_and_witch_silhouettes.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hansel_and_Gretel_and_witch_silhouettes.svg/225px-Hansel_and_Gretel_and_witch_silhouettes.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hansel_and_Gretel_and_witch_silhouettes.svg/300px-Hansel_and_Gretel_and_witch_silhouettes.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1360" data-file-height="1025" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Babes_in_the_Woods" title="Babes in the Woods">Babes in the Woods</a></i> (1932)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Candy_House_(film)" title="The Candy House (film)">The Candy House</a></i> (1934)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bewitched_Bunny" title="Bewitched Bunny">Bewitched Bunny</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel:_An_Opera_Fantasy" title="Hansel and Gretel: An Opera Fantasy">Hansel and Gretel: An Opera Fantasy</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Get_Lost_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Get Lost (film)">Get Lost</a></i> (1956)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Treehouse_of_Horror_XI" title="Treehouse of Horror XI">Treehouse of Horror XI</a>" (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Secret_Magic_Control_Agency" title="Secret Magic Control Agency">Secret Magic Control Agency</a></i> (2021)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Tale_Dark_%26_Grimm" title="A Tale Dark & Grimm">A Tale Dark & Grimm</a></i> (2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel_(1958_TV_special)" title="Hansel and Gretel (1958 TV special)">Hansel and Gretel</a></i> (1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel_(1983_TV_special)" title="Hansel and Gretel (1983 TV special)">Hansel and Gretel</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_(TV_series)" title="Once Upon a Time (TV series)">Once Upon a Time</a></i> (2011) (<small>"<a href="/wiki/True_North_(Once_Upon_a_Time)" title="True North (Once Upon a Time)">True North</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Chosen_(Once_Upon_a_Time)" title="Chosen (Once Upon a Time)">Chosen</a>"</small>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Witchslayer_Gretl" title="Witchslayer Gretl">Witchslayer Gretl</a></i> (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Opera</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel_(opera)" title="Hansel and Gretel (opera)">Hansel and Gretel</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Freeway_II:_Confessions_of_a_Trickbaby" title="Freeway II: Confessions of a Trickbaby">Freeway II: Confessions of a Trickbaby</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Terror_Toons_2:_The_Sick_and_Silly_Show" title="Terror Toons 2: The Sick and Silly Show">Terror Toons 2: The Sick and Silly Show</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hoodwinked_Too!_Hood_vs._Evil" title="Hoodwinked Too! Hood vs. Evil">Hoodwinked Too! Hood vs. Evil</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Teeny-Tiny_and_the_Witch-Woman" title="Teeny-Tiny and the Witch-Woman">Teeny-Tiny and the Witch-Woman</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="&quot;Rapunzel&quot;_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rapunzel" title="Template:Rapunzel"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rapunzel" title="Template talk:Rapunzel"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rapunzel" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rapunzel"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="&quot;Rapunzel&quot;_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">"<a href="/wiki/Rapunzel" title="Rapunzel">Rapunzel</a>" by the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brothers Grimm</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Grimms%27_Fairy_Tales" title="Grimms' Fairy Tales">Grimms' Fairy Tales</a></i> (1812)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rapunzel_(book)" title="Rapunzel (book)">Rapunzel</a></i> (1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related myths</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dana%C3%AB" title="Danaë">Danaë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudaba" title="Rudaba">Rudaba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Barbie_as_Rapunzel" title="Barbie as Rapunzel">Barbie as Rapunzel</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tangled" title="Tangled">Tangled</a></i> (2010) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tangled_(soundtrack)" title="Tangled (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tangled_Ever_After" title="Tangled Ever After">Tangled Ever After</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tangled:_Before_Ever_After" title="Tangled: Before Ever After">Tangled: Before Ever After</a></i> (2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rapunzel_(book)" title="Rapunzel (book)">Rapunzel</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cress_(novel)" title="Cress (novel)">Cress</a></i> (2014)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mind_Robber" title="The Mind Robber">The Mind Robber</a></i> (1968)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Tower_(Once_Upon_a_Time)" title="The Tower (Once Upon a Time)">The Tower</a>" (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rapunzel%27s_Tangled_Adventure" title="Rapunzel's Tangled Adventure">Rapunzel's Tangled Adventure</a></i> (2017)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tangled:_The_Video_Game" title="Tangled: The Video Game">Tangled: The Video Game</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_Hearts_III" title="Kingdom Hearts III">Kingdom Hearts III</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Charming" title="Prince Charming">Prince Charming</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4rchenbilder" title="Märchenbilder">Märchenbilder</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Golem_in_the_Gears" title="Golem in the Gears">Golem in the Gears</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapunzel_(Tangled)" title="Rapunzel (Tangled)">Rapunzel (<i>Tangled</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapunzel_syndrome" title="Rapunzel syndrome">Rapunzel syndrome</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Woods" title="Into the Woods">Into the Woods</a></i> (stage)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Woods_(film)" title="Into the Woods (film)">Into the Woods</a></i> (film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Woods_(soundtrack)" title="Into the Woods (soundtrack)">Into the Woods</a></i> (soundtrack)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Woods_(2022_Broadway_Cast_Recording)" title="Into the Woods (2022 Broadway Cast Recording)">Into the Woods</a></i> (cast recording)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shrek_the_Third" title="Shrek the Third">Shrek the Third</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petrosinella" title="Petrosinella">Petrosinella</a> (Italy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow-White-Fire-Red" title="Snow-White-Fire-Red">Snow-White-Fire-Red</a> (Italy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persinette" title="Persinette">Persinette</a> (France)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthousa,_Xanthousa,_Chrisomalousa" title="Anthousa, Xanthousa, Chrisomalousa">Anthousa, Xanthousa, Chrisomalousa</a> (Greece)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rumpelstiltskin_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rumpelstiltskin" title="Template:Rumpelstiltskin"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rumpelstiltskin" title="Template talk:Rumpelstiltskin"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rumpelstiltskin" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rumpelstiltskin"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rumpelstiltskin_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Rumpelstiltskin" title="Rumpelstiltskin">Rumpelstiltskin</a> by the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brothers Grimm</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rumpelstiltskin_(1940_film)" title="Rumpelstiltskin (1940 film)">Rumpelstiltskin</a></i> (1940)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rumpelstiltskin_(1955_film)" title="Rumpelstiltskin (1955 film)">Rumpelstiltskin</a></i> (1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rumpelstiltskin_(1985_film)" title="Rumpelstiltskin (1985 film)">Rumpelstiltskin</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rumpelstiltskin_(1987_film)" title="Rumpelstiltskin (1987 film)">Rumpelstiltskin</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Muppet_Classic_Theater" title="Muppet Classic Theater">Muppet Classic Theater</a></i> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rumpelstiltskin_(1995_film)" title="Rumpelstiltskin (1995 film)">Rumpelstiltskin</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/7_Dwarves:_The_Forest_Is_Not_Enough" title="7 Dwarves: The Forest Is Not Enough">7 Dwarves: The Forest Is Not Enough</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Happily_N%27Ever_After" title="Happily N'Ever After">Happily N'Ever After</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shrek_Forever_After" title="Shrek Forever After">Shrek Forever After</a></i> (2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rumpelstiltskin_(1965_musical)" title="Rumpelstiltskin (1965 musical)">Utz-li-gutz-li</a></i> (musical)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rumpelstiltskin_(2011_musical)" title="Rumpelstiltskin (2011 musical)">Rumpelstiltskin</a></i> (musical)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rumpelstiltskin_(album)" title="Rumpelstiltskin (album)">Rumpelstiltskin</a></i> (album)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Story_within_a_story" title="Story within a story">Story within a story</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/If_Wishes_Were_Horses_(Star_Trek:_Deep_Space_Nine)" title="If Wishes Were Horses (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine)">If Wishes Were Horses</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_in_Flame" title="Sleeping in Flame">Sleeping in Flame</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4rchenbilder" title="Märchenbilder">Märchenbilder</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_(TV_series)" title="Once Upon a Time (TV series)">Once Upon a Time</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Gold" class="mw-redirect" title="Mr. Gold">Mr. Gold</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Miller%27s_Daughter_(Once_Upon_a_Time)" title="The Miller's Daughter (Once Upon a Time)">The Miller's Daughter</a>"</li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Two_Hands,_Wrapped_in_Gold" title="Two Hands, Wrapped in Gold">Two Hands, Wrapped in Gold</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="&quot;Town_Musicians_of_Bremen&quot;_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Town_Musicians_of_Bremen" title="Template:Town Musicians of Bremen"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Town_Musicians_of_Bremen" title="Template talk:Town Musicians of Bremen"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Town_Musicians_of_Bremen" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Town Musicians of Bremen"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="&quot;Town_Musicians_of_Bremen&quot;_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">"<a href="/wiki/Town_Musicians_of_Bremen" title="Town Musicians of Bremen">Town Musicians of Bremen</a>" by the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brothers Grimm</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bremen_Town_Musicians_(1969_film)" title="The Bremen Town Musicians (1969 film)">The Bremen Town Musicians</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fearless_Four_(film)" title="The Fearless Four (film)">The Fearless Four</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bremen_Town_Musicians_(2023_film)" title="The Bremen Town Musicians (2023 film)">The Bremen Town Musicians</a></i> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Muppet_Musicians_of_Bremen" title="The Muppet Musicians of Bremen">The Muppet Musicians of Bremen</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Los_Trotam%C3%BAsicos" title="Los Trotamúsicos">Los Trotamúsicos</a></i> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sequels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Trail_of_the_Bremen_Town_Musicians" title="On the Trail of the Bremen Town Musicians">On the Trail of the Bremen Town Musicians</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Bremen_Town_Musicians" title="The New Bremen Town Musicians">The New Bremen Town Musicians</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Turn_Back_(EP)" title="Turn Back (EP)">Turn Back</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="&quot;The_Frog_Prince&quot;_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Frog_Prince" title="Template:The Frog Prince"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Frog_Prince" title="Template talk:The Frog Prince"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Frog_Prince" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Frog Prince"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="&quot;The_Frog_Prince&quot;_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">"<a href="/wiki/The_Frog_Prince" title="The Frog Prince">The Frog Prince</a>" by the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brothers Grimm</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Frog_Prince_(1971_film)" title="The Frog Prince (1971 film)">The Frog Prince</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Frog_Prince_(1986_film)" title="The Frog Prince (1986 film)">The Frog Prince</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prince_Charming_(2001_film)" title="Prince Charming (2001 film)">Prince Charming</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Princess_and_the_Frog" title="The Princess and the Frog">The Princess and the Frog</a></i> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Frog_Prince_(play)" title="The Frog Prince (play)">The Frog Prince</a></i> (play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Frog_Prince,_Continued" title="The Frog Prince, Continued">The Frog Prince, Continued</a></i> (picture book)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flycatcher_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flycatcher (comics)">Flycatcher</a> (comics)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_(comic_strip)" title="Conrad (comic strip)">Conrad</a> (comic strip)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/YeoJin_(single_album)" title="YeoJin (single album)">Kiss Later</a>" (song)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Frog_Princess" title="The Frog Princess">The Frog Princess</a></i> (fairy tale)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Superfrog" title="Superfrog">Superfrog</a></i> (game)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_(TV_series)" title="Once Upon a Time (TV series)">Once Upon a Time</a></i> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Greenbacks_(Once_Upon_a_Time)" title="Greenbacks (Once Upon a Time)">Greenbacks</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Taste_of_the_Heights" title="A Taste of the Heights">A Taste of the Heights</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiana%27s_Bayou_Adventure" title="Tiana's Bayou Adventure">Tiana's Bayou Adventure</a></i> (attraction)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="&quot;The_Twelve_Dancing_Princesses&quot;_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Twelve_Dancing_Princesses" title="Template:The Twelve Dancing Princesses"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Twelve_Dancing_Princesses" title="Template talk:The Twelve Dancing Princesses"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Twelve_Dancing_Princesses" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Twelve Dancing Princesses"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="&quot;The_Twelve_Dancing_Princesses&quot;_by_the_Brothers_Grimm" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">"<a href="/wiki/The_Twelve_Dancing_Princesses" title="The Twelve Dancing Princesses">The Twelve Dancing Princesses</a>" by the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brothers Grimm</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Barbie_in_the_12_Dancing_Princesses" title="Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses">Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses</a></i> (2006)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Wildwood_Dancing" title="Wildwood Dancing">Wildwood Dancing</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Princess_of_the_Midnight_Ball" title="Princess of the Midnight Ball">Princess of the Midnight Ball</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Entwined_(novel)" title="Entwined (novel)">Entwined</a></i> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Romanticism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Romanticism" title="Template:Romanticism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Romanticism" title="Template talk:Romanticism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Romanticism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Romanticism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Romanticism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Golden_Age" title="Danish Golden Age">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_literature_in_English" title="Romantic literature in English">England (literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_France" title="Romanticism in France">France</a> <a href="/wiki/19th-century_French_literature#Romanticism" title="19th-century French literature">(literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Romanticism" title="German Romanticism">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_Roman" title="Taishō Roman">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_romantic_nationalism" title="Norwegian romantic nationalism">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Poland" title="Romanticism in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Russian_Poetry" title="Golden Age of Russian Poetry">Russia (literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Scotland" title="Romanticism in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Spanish_literature" title="Romanticism in Spanish literature">Spain (literature)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Romantic_literature" title="Swedish Romantic literature">Sweden (literature)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancients_(art_group)" title="Ancients (art group)">Ancients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohemianism" title="Bohemianism">Bohemianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coppet_group" title="Coppet group">Coppet group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Enlightenment" title="Counter-Enlightenment">Counter-Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Romanticism" title="Dark Romanticism">Dark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf_School_of_painting" title="Düsseldorf School of painting">Düsseldorf School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_historical_school" title="German historical school">German historical school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_School" title="Hudson River School">Hudson River School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianism_(arts)" title="Indianism (arts)">Indianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jena_Romanticism" title="Jena Romanticism">Jena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Poets" title="Lake Poets">Lake Poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_nationalism" title="Romantic nationalism">Nationalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazarene_movement" title="Nazarene movement">Nazarene movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-romanticism" title="Neo-romanticism">Neo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preromanticism" class="mw-redirect" title="Preromanticism">Pre</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sturm_und_Drang" title="Sturm und Drang">Sturm und Drang</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-romanticism" title="Post-romanticism">Post</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Purismo" title="Purismo">Purismo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcendentalism" title="Transcendentalism">Transcendentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_school" title="Ukrainian school">Ukrainian school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-Romanticism" title="Ultra-Romanticism">Ultra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Wallenrod" title="Konrad Wallenrod">Wallenrodism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Themes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_flower" title="Blue flower">Blue flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Marine_Art_(Romantic_Era)" title="British Marine Art (Romantic Era)">British Marine</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gesamtkunstwerk" title="Gesamtkunstwerk">Gesamtkunstwerk</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_fiction" title="Gothic fiction">Gothic fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hero" title="Hero">Hero</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byronic_hero" title="Byronic hero">Byronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_hero" title="Romantic hero">Romantic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fiction" title="Historical fiction">Historical fiction</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mal_du_si%C3%A8cle" title="Mal du siècle">Mal du siècle</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medievalism" title="Medievalism">Medievalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noble_savage" class="mw-redirect" title="Noble savage">Noble savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nostalgia#Romanticism" title="Nostalgia">Nostalgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossian" title="Ossian">Ossian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">Pantheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhine_romanticism" title="Rhine romanticism">Rhine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genius_(literature)#Romanticism_and_genius" title="Genius (literature)">Romantic genius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanderlust" title="Wanderlust">Wanderlust</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weltschmerz" title="Weltschmerz">Weltschmerz</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Mountain_art" title="White Mountain art">White Mountain art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism#Literature" title="Romanticism">Writers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brazil</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casimiro_de_Abreu" title="Casimiro de Abreu">Abreu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Alencar" title="José de Alencar">Alencar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Ant%C3%B4nio_de_Almeida" title="Manuel Antônio de Almeida">Manuel Antônio de Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castro_Alves" title="Castro Alves">Alves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machado_de_Assis" title="Machado de Assis">Assis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvares_de_Azevedo" title="Álvares de Azevedo">Azevedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobias_Barreto" title="Tobias Barreto">Barreto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_Dias" title="Gonçalves Dias">Dias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Bernardo Guimarães">Guimarães</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joaquim_Manuel_de_Macedo" title="Joaquim Manuel de Macedo">Macedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gon%C3%A7alves_de_Magalh%C3%A3es,_Viscount_of_Araguaia" title="Gonçalves de Magalhães, Viscount of Araguaia">Magalhães</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Firmina_dos_Reis" title="Maria Firmina dos Reis">Reis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_d%27Escragnolle_Taunay,_Viscount_of_Taunay" title="Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay, Viscount of Taunay">Taunay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fagundes_Varela" title="Fagundes Varela">Varela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_France#Literature" title="Romanticism in France">France</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Baudelaire" title="Charles Baudelaire">Baudelaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aloysius_Bertrand" title="Aloysius Bertrand">Bertrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Ren%C3%A9_de_Chateaubriand" title="François-René de Chateaubriand">Chateaubriand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Dumas" title="Alexandre Dumas">Dumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Gautier" title="Théophile Gautier">Gautier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Hugo" title="Victor Hugo">Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_de_Lamartine" title="Alphonse de Lamartine">Lamartine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosper_M%C3%A9rim%C3%A9e" title="Prosper Mérimée">Mérimée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_de_Musset" title="Alfred de Musset">Musset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_de_Nerval" title="Gérard de Nerval">Nerval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Nodier" title="Charles Nodier">Nodier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël">Staël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_de_Vigny" title="Alfred de Vigny">Vigny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achim_von_Arnim" title="Achim von Arnim">A. v. Arnim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_von_Arnim" title="Bettina von Arnim">B. v. Arnim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Beer_(poet)" title="Michael Beer (poet)">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemens_Brentano" title="Clemens Brentano">Brentano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Freiherr_von_Eichendorff" title="Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff">Eichendorff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_de_la_Motte_Fouqu%C3%A9" title="Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué">Fouqué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brothers Grimm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karoline_von_G%C3%BCnderrode" title="Karoline von Günderrode">Günderrode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Gutzkow" title="Karl Gutzkow">Gutzkow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Hauff" title="Wilhelm Hauff">Hauff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Heine" title="Heinrich Heine">Heine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._T._A._Hoffmann" title="E. T. A. Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_H%C3%B6lderlin" title="Friedrich Hölderlin">Hölderlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Paul" title="Jean Paul">Jean Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Kleist" title="Heinrich von Kleist">Kleist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_M%C3%B6rike" title="Eduard Mörike">Mörike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novalis" title="Novalis">Novalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Schwab" title="Gustav Schwab">Schwab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Tieck" title="Ludwig Tieck">Tieck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Uhland" title="Ludwig Uhland">Uhland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romantic_literature_in_English" title="Romantic literature in English">Great<br />Britain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Laetitia_Barbauld" title="Anna Laetitia Barbauld">Barbauld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Bront%C3%AB" title="Anne Brontë">Anne Brontë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Bront%C3%AB" title="Charlotte Brontë">C. Brontë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Bront%C3%AB" title="Emily Brontë">E. Brontë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns" title="Robert Burns">Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Byron" title="Lord Byron">Byron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Clare" title="John Clare">Clare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_De_Quincey" title="Thomas De Quincey">de Quincey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Edgeworth" title="Maria Edgeworth">Maria Edgeworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Keats" title="John Keats">Keats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maturin" title="Charles Maturin">Maturin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_William_Polidori" title="John William Polidori">Polidori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Radcliffe" title="Ann Radcliffe">Radcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Robinson_(poet)" title="Mary Robinson (poet)">Mary Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Seward" title="Anna Seward">Seward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Shelley" title="Mary Shelley">M. Shelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Bysshe_Shelley" title="Percy Bysshe Shelley">P. B. Shelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Southey" title="Robert Southey">Southey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wordsworth" title="William Wordsworth">Wordsworth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_Poland#Notable_Polish_Romantic_writers_and_poets" title="Romanticism in Poland">Poland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Fredro" title="Aleksander Fredro">Fredro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zygmunt_Krasi%C5%84ski" title="Zygmunt Krasiński">Krasiński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zef_Ignacy_Kraszewski" title="Józef Ignacy Kraszewski">Józef Ignacy Kraszewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Malczewski" title="Antoni Malczewski">Malczewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Mickiewicz" title="Adam Mickiewicz">Mickiewicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprian_Norwid" title="Cyprian Norwid">Norwid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Potocki" title="Jan Potocki">Potocki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wincenty_Pol" title="Wincenty Pol">Wincenty Pol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juliusz_S%C5%82owacki" title="Juliusz Słowacki">Słowacki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camilo_Castelo_Branco" title="Camilo Castelo Branco">Castelo Branco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Feliciano_de_Castilho" title="António Feliciano de Castilho">Castilho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_de_Deus_de_Nogueira_Ramos" title="João de Deus de Nogueira Ramos">João de Deus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BAlio_Dinis" title="Júlio Dinis">Dinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almeida_Garrett" title="Almeida Garrett">Garrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Herculano" title="Alexandre Herculano">Herculano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Augusto_Soares_de_Passos" title="António Augusto Soares de Passos">Soares dos Passos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Baratynsky" title="Yevgeny Baratynsky">Baratynsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Batyushkov" title="Konstantin Batyushkov">Batyushkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Gogol" title="Nikolai Gogol">Gogol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Karamzin" title="Nikolay Karamzin">Karamzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_K%C3%BCchelbecker" title="Wilhelm Küchelbecker">Küchelbecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Lermontov" title="Mikhail Lermontov">Lermontov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pushkin" title="Alexander Pushkin">Pushkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Tyutchev" title="Fyodor Tyutchev">Tyutchev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Vyazemsky" title="Pyotr Vyazemsky">Vyazemsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Zhukovsky" title="Vasily Zhukovsky">Zhukovsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Serbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90ura_Jak%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Đura Jakšić">Jakšić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laza_Kosti%C4%87" title="Laza Kostić">Kostić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petar_II_Petrovi%C4%87-Njego%C5%A1" title="Petar II Petrović-Njegoš">Njegoš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branko_Radi%C4%8Devi%C4%87" title="Branko Radičević">Radičević</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milica_Stojadinovi%C4%87-Srpkinja" title="Milica Stojadinović-Srpkinja">Stojadinović-Srpkinja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jovan_Jovanovi%C4%87_Zmaj" title="Jovan Jovanović Zmaj">Zmaj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Adolfo_B%C3%A9cquer" title="Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer">Bécquer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosal%C3%ADa_de_Castro" title="Rosalía de Castro">Rosalía de Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Espronceda" title="José de Espronceda">Espronceda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Garc%C3%ADa_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Antonio García Gutiérrez">Gutiérrez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ngel_de_Saavedra,_3rd_Duke_of_Rivas" title="Ángel de Saavedra, 3rd Duke of Rivas">Saavedra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Zorrilla" title="José Zorrilla">Zorrilla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Cullen_Bryant" title="William Cullen Bryant">Bryant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fenimore_Cooper" title="James Fenimore Cooper">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Hawthorne" title="Nathaniel Hawthorne">Hawthorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Gilbert_Holland" title="Josiah Gilbert Holland">Josiah Gilbert Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Irving" title="Washington Irving">Irving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow" title="Henry Wadsworth Longfellow">Longfellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Russell_Lowell" title="James Russell Lowell">Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Poe" title="Edgar Allan Poe">Poe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khachatur_Abovian" title="Khachatur Abovian">Abovian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Alfieri" title="Vittorio Alfieri">Alfieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_Andersen" title="Hans Christian Andersen">Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikoloz_Baratashvili" title="Nikoloz Baratashvili">Baratashvili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hristo_Botev" title="Hristo Botev">Botev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Chavchavadze" title="Alexander Chavchavadze">Chavchavadze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Eminescu" title="Mihai Eminescu">Eminescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Foscolo" title="Ugo Foscolo">Foscolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naim_Frash%C3%ABri" title="Naim Frashëri">Frashëri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Gustaf_Geijer" title="Erik Gustaf Geijer">Geijer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._F._S._Grundtvig" title="N. F. S. Grundtvig">Grundtvig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Heliade_R%C4%83dulescu" title="Ion Heliade Rădulescu">Heliade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Isaacs" title="Jorge Isaacs">Isaacs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Lenau" title="Nikolaus Lenau">Lenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Leopardi" title="Giacomo Leopardi">Leopardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karel_Hynek_M%C3%A1cha" title="Karel Hynek Mácha">Mácha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Manzoni" title="Alessandro Manzoni">Manzoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maturin" title="Charles Maturin">Maturin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Oehlenschl%C3%A4ger" title="Adam Oehlenschläger">Oehlenschläger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigol_Orbeliani" title="Grigol Orbeliani">Orbeliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_Pre%C5%A1eren" title="France Prešeren">Prešeren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raffi_(novelist)" title="Raffi (novelist)">Raffi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Ludvig_Runeberg" title="Johan Ludvig Runeberg">Runeberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taras_Shevchenko" title="Taras Shevchenko">Shevchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachris_Topelius" title="Zachris Topelius">Topelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mih%C3%A1ly_V%C3%B6r%C3%B6smarty" title="Mihály Vörösmarty">Vörösmarty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Wergeland" title="Henrik Wergeland">Wergeland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romantic_music" title="Romantic music">Musicians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Austria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Bruckner" title="Anton Bruckner">Bruckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Czerny" title="Carl Czerny">Czerny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Nepomuk_Hummel" title="Johann Nepomuk Hummel">Hummel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Mahler" title="Gustav Mahler">Mahler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Schubert" title="Franz Schubert">Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigismond_Thalberg" title="Sigismond Thalberg">Thalberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Wolf" title="Hugo Wolf">Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Czechia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák">Dvořák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignaz_Moscheles" title="Ignaz Moscheles">Moscheles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Reicha" title="Anton Reicha">Reicha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed%C5%99ich_Smetana" title="Bedřich Smetana">Smetana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_V%C3%A1clav_Vo%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%A1ek" title="Jan Václav Voříšek">Voříšek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Adam" title="Adolphe Adam">Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Valentin_Alkan" title="Charles-Valentin Alkan">Alkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Auber" title="Daniel Auber">Auber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector Berlioz">Berlioz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Faur%C3%A9" title="Gabriel Fauré">Fauré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fromental_Hal%C3%A9vy" title="Fromental Halévy">Halévy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_M%C3%A9hul" title="Étienne Méhul">Méhul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Onslow_(composer)" title="George Onslow (composer)">Onslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Saint-Sa%C3%ABns" title="Camille Saint-Saëns">Saint-Saëns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_van_Beethoven" title="Ludwig van Beethoven">Beethoven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Bruch" title="Max Bruch">Bruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Kalkbrenner" title="Friedrich Kalkbrenner">Kalkbrenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Loewe" title="Carl Loewe">Loewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Marschner" title="Heinrich Marschner">Marschner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanny_Mendelssohn" title="Fanny Mendelssohn">Fanny Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Mendelssohn" title="Felix Mendelssohn">Felix Mendelssohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Meyerbeer" title="Giacomo Meyerbeer">Meyerbeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moritz_Moszkowski" title="Moritz Moszkowski">Moszkowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Schumann" title="Clara Schumann">C. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">R. Schumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Spohr" title="Louis Spohr">Spohr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Carl Maria von Weber">Weber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hungary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Erkel" title="Ferenc Erkel">Erkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Goldmark" title="Karl Goldmark">Goldmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Heller" title="Stephen Heller">Heller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jen%C5%91_Hubay" title="Jenő Hubay">Hubay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Joachim" title="Joseph Joachim">Joachim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Liszt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Bellini" title="Vincenzo Bellini">Bellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferruccio_Busoni" title="Ferruccio Busoni">Busoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Cherubini" title="Luigi Cherubini">Cherubini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Donizetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Paganini" title="Niccolò Paganini">Paganini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Rossini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspare_Spontini" title="Gaspare Spontini">Spontini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Verdi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Bortkiewicz" title="Sergei Bortkiewicz">Bortkiewicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin" title="Frédéric Chopin">Chopin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karol_Lipi%C5%84ski" title="Karol Lipiński">Lipiński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Moniuszko" title="Stanisław Moniuszko">Moniuszko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Jan_Paderewski" title="Ignacy Jan Paderewski">Paderewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Stolpe" title="Antoni Stolpe">Stolpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Tausig" title="Karl Tausig">Tausig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_Wieniawski" title="Henryk Wieniawski">Wieniawski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Arensky" title="Anton Arensky">Arensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mily_Balakirev" title="Mily Balakirev">Balakirev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Borodin" title="Alexander Borodin">Borodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Cui" title="César Cui">Cui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Glinka" title="Mikhail Glinka">Glinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Lyapunov" title="Sergei Lyapunov">Lyapunov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Medtner" title="Nikolai Medtner">Medtner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modest_Mussorgsky" title="Modest Mussorgsky">Mussorgsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Rachmaninoff" title="Sergei Rachmaninoff">Rachmaninoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Rimsky-Korsakov" title="Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov">Rimsky-Korsakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Rubinstein" title="Anton Rubinstein">Rubinstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Scriabin" title="Alexander Scriabin">Scriabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky">Tchaikovsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Serbia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stevan_Hristi%C4%87" title="Stevan Hristić">Hristić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petar_Konjovi%C4%87" title="Petar Konjović">Konjović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevan_Mokranjac" title="Stevan Mokranjac">Mokranjac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kornelije_Stankovi%C4%87" title="Kornelije Stanković">Stanković</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Sterndale_Bennett" title="William Sterndale Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Berwald" title="Franz Berwald">Berwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar" title="Edward Elgar">Elgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Field_(composer)" title="John Field (composer)">Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Franck" title="César Franck">Franck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edvard_Grieg" title="Edvard Grieg">Grieg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Sibelius" title="Jean Sibelius">Sibelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Sor" title="Fernando Sor">Sor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_philosophy" title="Romanticism in philosophy">Philosophers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vissarion_Belinsky" title="Vissarion Belinsky">Belinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Berchet" title="Giovanni Berchet">Berchet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Chaadayev" title="Pyotr Chaadayev">Chaadayev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Constant" title="Benjamin Constant">Constant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Emerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottlieb_Fichte" title="Johann Gottlieb Fichte">Fichte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Goethe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hazlitt" title="William Hazlitt">Hazlitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">Hegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Khomyakov" title="Aleksey Khomyakov">Khomyakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9licit%C3%A9_de_La_Mennais" title="Félicité de La Mennais">Lamennais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariano_Jos%C3%A9_de_Larra" title="Mariano José de Larra">Larra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_de_Maistre" title="Joseph de Maistre">Maistre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Mazzini" title="Giuseppe Mazzini">Mazzini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Michelet" title="Jules Michelet">Michelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_M%C3%BCller" title="Adam Müller">Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novalis" title="Novalis">Novalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Quinet" title="Edgar Quinet">Quinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Rousseau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Joseph_Schelling" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling">Schelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schiller" title="Friedrich Schiller">Schiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Wilhelm_Schlegel" title="August Wilhelm Schlegel">A. Schlegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schlegel" title="Friedrich Schlegel">F. Schlegel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schleiermacher" title="Friedrich Schleiermacher">Schleiermacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Pivert_de_Senancour" title="Étienne Pivert de Senancour">Senancour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Vilhelm_Snellman" title="Johan Vilhelm Snellman">Snellman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germaine_de_Sta%C3%ABl" title="Germaine de Staël">Staël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreau" title="Henry David Thoreau">Thoreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Tieck" title="Ludwig Tieck">Tieck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Heinrich_Wackenroder" title="Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder">Wackenroder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Romanticism#Visual_arts" title="Romanticism">Visual artists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Aivazovsky" title="Ivan Aivazovsky">Aivazovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt">Bierstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Parkes_Bonington" title="Richard Parkes Bonington">Bonington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Bryullov" title="Karl Bryullov">Bryullov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Chass%C3%A9riau" title="Théodore Chassériau">Chassériau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Edwin_Church" title="Frederic Edwin Church">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Constable" title="John Constable">Constable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cole" title="Thomas Cole">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste-Camille_Corot" title="Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot">Corot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Christian_Dahl" title="Johan Christian Dahl">Dahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_d%27Angers" title="David d'Angers">David d'Angers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Eugène Delacroix">Delacroix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Edelfelt" title="Albert Edelfelt">Edelfelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspar_David_Friedrich" title="Caspar David Friedrich">Friedrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Fuseli" title="Henry Fuseli">Fuseli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akseli_Gallen-Kallela" title="Akseli Gallen-Kallela">Gallen-Kallela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_G%C3%A9ricault" title="Théodore Géricault">Géricault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne-Louis_Girodet_de_Roussy-Trioson" title="Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson">Girodet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Nepomucen_G%C5%82owacki" title="Jan Nepomucen Głowacki">Głowacki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Goya" title="Francisco Goya">Goya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Gude" title="Hans Gude">Gude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Hayez" title="Francesco Hayez">Hayez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Janmot" title="Louis Janmot">Janmot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jones_(artist)" title="Thomas Jones (artist)">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orest_Kiprensky" title="Orest Kiprensky">Kiprensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Anton_Koch" title="Joseph Anton Koch">Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franciszek_Ksawery_Lampi" title="Franciszek Ksawery Lampi">Lampi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Leutze" title="Emanuel Leutze">Leutze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Martin_(painter)" title="John Martin (painter)">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piotr_Micha%C5%82owski" title="Piotr Michałowski">Michałowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Palmer" title="Samuel Palmer">Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Ara%C3%BAjo_Porto-Alegre,_Baron_of_Santo_%C3%82ngelo" title="Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre, Baron of Santo Ângelo">Porto-Alegre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine-Augustin_Pr%C3%A9ault" title="Antoine-Augustin Préault">Préault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_R%C3%A9voil" title="Pierre Révoil">Révoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleury_Fran%C3%A7ois_Richard" title="Fleury François Richard">Richard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Rude" title="François Rude">Rude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Otto_Runge" title="Philipp Otto Runge">Runge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raden_Saleh" title="Raden Saleh">Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ary_Scheffer" title="Ary Scheffer">Scheffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wojciech_Stattler" title="Wojciech Stattler">Stattler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Stroy" title="Michael Stroy">Stroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolph_Tidemand" title="Adolph Tidemand">Tidemand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Tropinin" title="Vasily Tropinin">Tropinin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._M._W._Turner" title="J. M. W. Turner">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Veit" title="Philipp Veit">Veit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ward_(English_artist)" title="James Ward (English artist)">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Wiertz" title="Antoine Wiertz">Wiertz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Scholars" class="mw-redirect" title="Scholars">Scholars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Abraham" title="Gerald Abraham">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._H._Abrams" title="M. H. Abrams">Abrams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Barzun" title="Jacques Barzun">Barzun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_C._Beiser" title="Frederick C. Beiser">Beiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Berlin" title="Isaiah Berlin">Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._C._W._Blanning" title="T. C. W. Blanning">Blanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Bloom" title="Harold Bloom">Bloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Blume" title="Friedrich Blume">Blume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Dahlhaus" title="Carl Dahlhaus">Dahlhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ferber" title="Michael Ferber">Ferber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Frye" title="Northrop Frye">Frye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Janion" title="Maria Janion">Janion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Lacoue-Labarthe" title="Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe">Lacoue-Labarthe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Oncken_Lovejoy" title="Arthur Oncken Lovejoy">Lovejoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_de_Man" title="Paul de Man">de Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Nancy" title="Jean-Luc Nancy">Nancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Gabriel_Porthan" title="Henrik Gabriel Porthan">Porthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Ricks" title="Christopher Ricks">Ricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Rosen" title="Charles Rosen">Rosen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Wellek" title="René Wellek">Wellek</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coleridge%27s_theory_of_life" title="Coleridge's theory of life">Coleridge's theory of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_idealism" title="German idealism">German idealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_romantics" title="List of romantics">List of romantics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romantic_poets" title="List of Romantic poets">List of Romantic poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages_in_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Ages in history">Middle Ages in history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opium_and_Romanticism" title="Opium and Romanticism">Opium and Romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_ballet" title="Romantic ballet">Romantic ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_epistemology" title="Romantic epistemology">Romantic epistemology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_medicine" title="Romantic medicine">Romantic medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_poetry" title="Romantic poetry">Romantic poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_psychology" title="Romantic psychology">Romantic psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_and_economics" title="Romanticism and economics">Romanticism and economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_and_the_French_Revolution" title="Romanticism and the French Revolution">Romanticism and the French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_science" title="Romanticism in science">Romanticism in science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_and_Bacon" title="Romanticism and Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism_in_evolution_theory" title="Romanticism in evolution theory">Evolution theory</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wanderer_above_the_Sea_of_Fog" title="Wanderer above the Sea of Fog">Wanderer above the Sea of Fog</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div style="position:relative;"> <div style="position:absolute;">← <b><a href="/wiki/Template:Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Template:Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute;right:0;"><b><a href="/wiki/Template:Modernism" title="Template:Modernism">Modernism</a></b> →</div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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