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祝允明 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书
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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录,但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" title="建议你登录,尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-生平" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生平"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>生平</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生平-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-成就" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#成就"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>成就</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-成就-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-註釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#註釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>註釋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-註釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">祝允明</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。11种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%88_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AC" title="تشو يون مينج – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تشو يون مينج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D9%88_%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF" title="ژو ینمینگ – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ژو ینمینگ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cu_J%C3%BCn-ming" title="Ču Jün-ming – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ču Jün-ming" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu_Yunming" title="Zhu Yunming – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Zhu Yunming" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu_Yunming" title="Zhu Yunming – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Zhu Yunming" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" title="祝允明 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="祝允明" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83_%D0%AE%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Чжу Юньмин – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чжу Юньмин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B6%D1%83_%D0%AE%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Чжу Юньмін – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чжу Юньмін" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%BAc_Do%C3%A3n_Minh" title="Chúc Doãn Minh – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chúc Doãn Minh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" title="祝允明 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="祝允明" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E6%9E%9D%E5%B1%B1" title="祝枝山 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="祝枝山" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q557212#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" 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td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84560819">.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border:0;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}</style><table class="infobox bordered vcard" style="width: 21em; font-size: 89%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="color: #000; background-color: #FFFFDD; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">祝允明</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="清孔继尧绘《祝京兆像》,出自顾沅辑,道光九年刻本《吴郡名贤图传赞》"><img alt="清孔继尧绘《祝京兆像》,出自顾沅辑,道光九年刻本《吴郡名贤图传赞》" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E.jpg/220px-%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E.jpg/330px-%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E.jpg/440px-%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="684" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">清孔继尧绘《祝京兆像》,出自顾沅辑,道光九年刻本《吴郡名贤图传赞》</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:center;background:#CDDBE8; color: #000; font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;">大明應天府通判</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">籍貫</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%9B%B4%E9%9A%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="南直隸">南直隸</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E5%B7%9E%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇州府">蘇州府</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E6%B4%B2%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="長洲縣">長洲縣</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">族裔</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">漢族</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">字號</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">字希哲,號枝山</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%A1%BA_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)" title="天顺 (明朝)">天順</a>四年十二月初六日<br />(1461年1月17日)<br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96" title="嘉靖">嘉靖</a>五年十二月二十七日<br />(1527年1月28日)(66歲)<br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">配偶</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">李氏(<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%87%89%E7%A6%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="李應禎">李應禎</a>女)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">親屬</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="org">(祖父)<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E9%A1%A5" title="祝顥">祝顥</a>、(外祖父)<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E6%9C%89%E8%B2%9E" title="徐有貞">徐有貞</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #CFCFCF; text-align: center;">出身</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="font-size: 90%;text-align: left;"> <ul><li>弘治五年壬子科應天鄉試舉人</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>祝允明</b>(1461年1月17日—1527年1月28日),<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%AD%97" title="表字">字</a><b>希哲</b>,<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="號">號</a><b>枝山</b>。因生而<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%8C%87%E7%95%B8%E5%BD%A2" title="多指畸形">右手有六指</a>,因此自號为“<b>枝指生</b>”。<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="明代">明代</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="文学家">文學家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A6%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="书法家">書法家</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E5%B7%9E%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇州府">蘇州府</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E6%B4%B2%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="長洲縣">長洲縣</a>(今屬<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%98%87" class="mw-redirect" title="江蘇">江蘇</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇州市">蘇州市</a>)人。時與<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E7%A6%8E%E5%8D%BF" title="徐禎卿">徐禎卿</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%AF%85" title="唐寅">唐寅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%BE%B5%E6%98%8E" title="文徵明">文徵明</a>並稱為「<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%9B%E6%89%8D%E5%AD%90" title="吴中四才子">吳中四才子</a>」。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生平"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3"></span>生平</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节:生平"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>祖父<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E9%A2%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="祝颢">祝颢</a>字维清,正统四年进士,工书法,喜好博弈。父祝瓛,早卒。母徐氏,武功伯<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E6%9C%89%E8%B4%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="徐有贞">徐有贞</a>之女。妻李氏,中书舍人<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%BA%94%E7%A5%AF" title="李应祯">李应祯</a>(后升太仆少卿)长女。祝允明是一名<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%8C%87%E7%95%B8%E5%BD%A2" title="多指畸形">多指畸形</a>病患者,但自幼天資聰穎<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,勤奮好學,五歲時就能書一尺見方的大字,九歲便能作詩文<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>,有「神童」之譽。十歲時,已博覽群書,文章瑰麗,才智非凡。十七歲即中秀才,弘治五年(1492年),祝允明中式壬子科應天鄉試舉人,此后<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E9%97%88" class="mw-redirect" title="春闈">春闈</a>屡试不第。應銓選,授廣東<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E5%AE%81%E5%8E%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="兴宁县">興寧縣</a>知縣,不久迁<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%94%E5%A4%A9%E5%BA%9C_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)" title="应天府 (明朝)">應天府</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E5%88%A4" title="通判">通判</a>。謝病歸里,嘉靖五年(1526年)卒。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="成就"><span id=".E6.88.90.E5.B0.B1"></span>成就</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节:成就"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E_%E5%B5%87%E5%BA%B7%E9%85%92%E4%BC%9A%E8%AF%97.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E_%E5%B5%87%E5%BA%B7%E9%85%92%E4%BC%9A%E8%AF%97.jpg/350px-%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E_%E5%B5%87%E5%BA%B7%E9%85%92%E4%BC%9A%E8%AF%97.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E_%E5%B5%87%E5%BA%B7%E9%85%92%E4%BC%9A%E8%AF%97.jpg/525px-%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E_%E5%B5%87%E5%BA%B7%E9%85%92%E4%BC%9A%E8%AF%97.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E_%E5%B5%87%E5%BA%B7%E9%85%92%E4%BC%9A%E8%AF%97.jpg/700px-%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E_%E5%B5%87%E5%BA%B7%E9%85%92%E4%BC%9A%E8%AF%97.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="416" /></a><figcaption>祝允明 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B5%87%E5%BA%B7" title="嵇康">嵇康</a>酒会诗</figcaption></figure> <p>擅長詩文和書法,特別是其<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%82%E8%8D%89" class="mw-redirect" title="狂草">狂草</a>頗受世人讚譽,流傳有「<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E4%BC%AF%E8%99%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="唐伯虎">唐伯虎</a>的畫,祝枝山的字」之說。<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E4%B8%96%E8%B4%9E" title="王世贞">王世贞</a>在《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%89%BA%E8%8B%91%E5%8D%AE%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="艺苑卮言(页面不存在)">艺苑卮言</a>》中评价道:“天下书法归吾吴,祝京兆允明为最,文待诏征明、王贡士宠次之”。祝枝山所書寫的「六體書詩賦卷」、「草書杜甫詩卷」、「古詩十九首」、「草書唐人詩卷」及「草書詩翰卷」等都是傳世墨跡的精品。 </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%85%E5%AE%AE%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="故宮博物院">故宮博物院</a>收藏有《草書將歸行詩卷》。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E6%95%85%E5%AE%AE%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%99%A2" title="國立故宮博物院">國立故宮博物院</a>收藏有《草書祝允明七言律詩卷》。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="上海博物館">上海博物館</a>收藏有《草書前後赤壁賦卷》,此卷是傳世祝允明的墨跡精品。這幅墨寶在寫成後一直被<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%BE%B5%E6%98%8E" title="文徵明">文徵明</a>慎重地珍藏,並傳與子孫,此卷在文氏家族有著清晰的傳承,卷後文徵明本人、次子<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%98%89" title="文嘉">文嘉</a>、曾孫文從簡、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E9%9C%87%E4%BA%A8" title="文震亨">文震亨</a>均有過提跋,這篇作品為後世諸多書法家所珍愛,卷中有多位名家題跋,包括與祝、文同一時代的著名詩人、學者<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E7%9C%81%E6%9B%BE" title="黃省曾">黃省曾</a>、清朝大書法家<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E7%91%9E%E6%B8%85" title="李瑞清">李瑞清</a>、近代國學大師<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E6%8C%AF%E7%8E%89" class="mw-redirect" title="羅振玉">羅振玉</a>、日本畫家長尾雨山。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93%E9%A4%A8" title="香港藝術館">香港藝術館</a>收藏有《行書離騷卷》,此卷寫於1496年,是較早期的作品,雖與他成名的草書大相逕庭,但用筆穩重,結體具一定法度,可用慣常之外的角度去觀賞他的書法。</li></ul> <p>祝允明的著作有,《懷星堂集》30卷、《蘇材小纂》6卷、《祝子罪知》7卷、 《浮物》1卷、《野記》4卷、《前聞記》 1卷、《誌怪錄》5卷、《讀書筆記》1卷。 </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中该作者的作品:<br /> <b style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E" class="extiw" title="s:Author:祝允明">祝允明</a></b></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="註釋"><span id=".E8.A8.BB.E9.87.8B"></span>註釋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节:註釋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《家藏集》卷五十一《跋祝生文稿》:允明年七八岁时,其大父参政公一日适为文成请客书之,予时亦在坐,见生侍案旁,嘿然竟日,窃异之。因指文中难字以问,无弗识者,益奇之,且料其他日必能事此也。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">陆粲《祝先生墓志铭》:先生少頴敏,五嵗作徑尺字。……九嵗能詩,有奇語。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《明史·<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2/%E5%8D%B7286" class="extiw" title="s:明史/卷286">卷二百八十六</a>》:祝允明,字希哲,長洲人。祖顯,正統四年進士。內侍傳旨試能文者四人,顯與焉,入掖門,知欲令教小內豎也,不試而出。由給事中歷山西參政。並有聲。允明以弘治五年舉於鄉,久之不第,授廣東興寧知縣。捕戮盜魁三十余,邑以無警。稍遷應天通判,謝病歸。嘉靖五年卒。<br />允明生而枝指,故自號枝山,又號枝指生。五歲作徑尺字,九歲能詩,稍長,博覽群集,文章有奇氣,當筵疾書,思若涌泉。尤工書法,名動海內。好酒色六博,善新聲,求文及書者踵至,多賄妓掩得之。惡禮法士,亦不問生產,有所入,輒召客豪飲,費盡乃已,或分與持去,不留一錢。晚益困,每出,追呼索逋者相隨於後,允明益自喜。所著有詩文集六十卷,他雜著百余卷。子祝續,正德中進士,仕至廣西左布政使。</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节:參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="王宠">王宠</a>《祝公行状》</li> <li>(清)<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E5%BB%B7%E7%8E%89" class="mw-redirect" title="張廷玉">張廷玉</a>等,《明史》</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="中國大百科全書">中國大百科全書</a>·祝允明》條目(作者:尹恭弘;邱振中;肖燕翼,共三篇)</li> <li>葛鸿祯编《祝允明年表》</li> <li>藤原有仁《祝允明年谱》</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9D%E5%85%81%E6%98%8E&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节:外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box" style="width: auto; margin: 0.5em auto; font-size:95%; clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">官衔 </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;"> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">前任:<br /><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%B5%E9%80%B5_(%E8%92%B2%E5%B7%9E)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="張逵 (蒲州)(页面不存在)">張逵</a></b> </td> <td width="40%" style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;" rowspan="1"><b>明朝應天府通判</b><br />正德年間 </td> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">繼任:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%AD%E6%BF%AC" title="郭濬">郭濬</a></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="吴中四才子" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122771066">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/18537344">VIAF</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/291661153">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJr7R9cfMm6Jdk8YtKKyBP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/12041091">挪威</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb171840796">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb171840796">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/13595360X">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81011300">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000227988&P_CON_LNG=ENG">拉脱维亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleweb.ncl.edu.tw/F/?func=accref&acc_sequence=000225135&CON_LNG=ENG">台湾</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00492655">日本</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36603359">澳大利亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a 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</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cbdb.fas.harvard.edu/cbdbapi/person.php?id=0276535">CBDB</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.library.sh.cn/entity/person/pzme4meff4yrucgh.html">SHL</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newarchive.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/sncaccgi/sncacFtp?ACTION=TQ,sncacFtpqf,SN=018278,2nd,search_simple">Sinica</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1320397">Trove</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hkcan.julac.org/authorities/names/9811105264403406">HKCAN</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/179775839">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7fc47fc68d‐g9gxk Cached time: 20241128151318 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.415 seconds Real time usage: 0.522 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1665/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 43848/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1611/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 23/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 21454/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.229/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2925477/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities 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