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6C15.5376 6 18 8.46243 18 11.5ZM16.5 11.5C16.5 13.7091 14.7091 15.5 12.5 15.5C10.2909 15.5 8.5 13.7091 8.5 11.5C8.5 9.29086 10.2909 7.5 12.5 7.5C14.7091 7.5 16.5 9.29086 16.5 11.5Z" fill="#1E1E1E"></path> </svg> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" class="cross-icon" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <rect x="19.0532" y="3.5332" width="2.3" height="22.9305" rx="1.15" transform="rotate(45 19.0532 3.5332)" fill="#8C8F94"/> <rect x="20.4673" y="19.7476" width="2.3" height="22.9305" rx="1.15" transform="rotate(135 20.4673 19.7476)" fill="#8C8F94"/> </svg> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <article id="post-69076" class="post post-69076 type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-development"> <header class="wpblog-page-title-header"> <div class="wpblog__container">  <div class="wpblog-title__row"> <h1 class="wpblog-title__heading wpblog-title__post-title">Building Studio in Public: Maintaining High Performance in Our Local Development App for Enhanced UX</h1> </div> <div class="wpblog-post-info">  <div class="wpblog-post-info__date-time"> <span> Aug 20, 2024  ·  9 mins read</span> </div> <div> </div> </div> </div> </header>  <section class="wpblog__section wpblog__section--edge-to-edge wpblog__section--bottom-spaced"> <div class="wpblog__container"> <article class="wpblog-post-hero">  <figure class="wpblog-post-hero__image"> <img width="1600" height="1000" src="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/studio-performance-electron.jpg?w=1600&h=1000&crop=1" class="w-full h-auto object-cover wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/studio-performance-electron.jpg?w=1600&h=1000&crop=1 1600w, https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/studio-performance-electron.jpg?w=150&h=94&crop=1 150w, https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/studio-performance-electron.jpg?w=300&h=188&crop=1 300w, https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/studio-performance-electron.jpg?w=768&h=480&crop=1 768w, https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/studio-performance-electron.jpg?w=1024&h=640&crop=1 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px" data-attachment-id="69106" data-permalink="https://wordpress.com/blog/2024/08/20/studio-performance-electron/studio-performance-electron-2/" data-orig-file="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/studio-performance-electron.jpg" data-orig-size="2860,1000" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="studio-performance-electron" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/studio-performance-electron.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/studio-performance-electron.jpg?w=1024" /> </figure>  <div class="wpblog-post-hero__meta-data wpblog--bg-gray">  <div> <p class="wpblog-post-hero__subtitle">POSTED BY</p> </div>  <div class="wpblog-post-hero__author-info-row">  <div class="wpblog-post-hero__author-image"> <img src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f57837361a31079ccb5e3e3763ac2626?s=80&d=retro" alt="Author Image" /> </div>  <div class="wpblog-post-hero__author-details"> <a href="https://wordpress.com/blog/author/carlosgprim/"> <p class="post-author-name">Carlos G. Prim</p> <p class="post-author-title">Dotcom Marketing, Content</p> </a> </div> </div>  <div class="wpblog-post-hero__related-reading"> <p class="wpblog-post-hero__subtitle">RELATED READING</p>  <div class="wpblog-post-hero__related-article"> <h3 class="wpblog-post-hero__related-title"> <a href="https://wordpress.com/blog/2024/10/31/5-powerful-gutenberg-blocks-for-developers-to-create-custom-layouts/"> 5 Powerful Gutenberg Blocks for Developers to Create Custom Layouts</a> </h3> <p class="wpblog-post-hero__related-author"> Tanya Thibodeau </p> </div>  <div class="wpblog-post-hero__related-article"> <h3 class="wpblog-post-hero__related-title"> <a href="https://wordpress.com/blog/2024/10/29/studio-assistant/"> Meet the Studio Assistant: Your Smart Companion for Building WordPress Sites Locally</a> </h3> <p class="wpblog-post-hero__related-author"> Antonio Sejas </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </section> <div class="post-content entrytext"> <div class="wpblog__container"> <div id="wpblog-post-body"> <p>We’re back with Part 2 of our “Building Studio in Public” series! Today, we’re diving into the challenges we faced while optimizing Studio’s performance. This post will be especially valuable if you’re developing an Electron app and dealing with performance issues or if you’re simply curious about how the Studio app functions behind the scenes.</p> <p><em>If you’re following the series, be sure to check out our first post: </em><a href="https://wordpress.com/blog/2024/07/31/wordpress-components-tailwind-css/"><em>Using WordPress Components and Tailwind CSS in our Local Development App</em></a><em>.</em></p> <p>As a reminder, Studio is our free, open source local development app. It’s based on <a href="https://www.electronjs.org/">Electron</a> (the focus of today’s post!) and is currently available for Mac and Windows.</p> <div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button btn-primary text-color-white"><a class="wp-block-button__link wp-element-button" href="https://developer.wordpress.com/studio/?utm_source=dotcom_blog&utm_medium=blog_post&utm_campaign=bip_2">Download Studio for free</a></div> </div> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Overcoming the challenges of running local development sites</h2> <p>Running a local development site can be complex, often requiring the setup of multiple tools. A typical approach involves using multi-container applications like Docker and Docker Compose in addition to setting up a web server with a WordPress installation and a MySQL database. This process can become even more challenging when managing multiple sites simultaneously.</p> <p>Studio was designed to simplify this process, allowing users to set up sites quickly without any prior configuration. This capability is powered primarily by the <a href="https://wordpress.github.io/wordpress-playground/">WordPress Playground project</a>, which enables anyone to run a fully functional WordPress site within a browser or Node.js environment. </p> <p>For each site created with Studio, we run a basic web server using <a href="https://expressjs.com/">ExpressJS</a> to handle web requests and use WordPress Playground to process them.</p> <p>Initially, this was implemented in the Electron-based Studio app without noticeable performance issues. </p> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <p>However, as we expanded our testing across Mac and Windows, we observed some slowness in UI interactions when managing and navigating sites. Everything seemed properly configured, but something was clearly off.</p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow"> <figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><a href="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/something-is-off.gif"><img data-attachment-id="69080" data-permalink="https://wordpress.com/blog/2024/08/20/studio-performance-electron/something-is-off/" data-orig-file="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/something-is-off.gif" data-orig-size="213,160" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="something-is-off" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/something-is-off.gif?w=213" data-large-file="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/something-is-off.gif?w=213" width="213" height="160" src="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/something-is-off.gif" alt="A gif of someone squinting their eyes" class="wp-image-69080" style="width:218px;height:auto" srcset="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/something-is-off.gif 213w, https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/something-is-off.gif?w=150&h=113 150w" sizes="(max-width: 213px) 100vw, 213px" /></a></figure> </div> </div> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Keeping the main process lightweight</h2> <p>As we delved into these performance issues, we discovered that running sites within Electron’s main process was the primary cause of the slowdown. Processing web requests and executing the associated PHP code for WordPress in the main process added extra load, which negatively impacted other operations, aka that UI slowness we were seeing.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><a href="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/starting-site-creating-site-electron-main-dedicated-process.jpg"><img data-attachment-id="69084" data-permalink="https://wordpress.com/blog/2024/08/20/studio-performance-electron/starting-site-creating-site-electron-main-dedicated-process/" data-orig-file="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/starting-site-creating-site-electron-main-dedicated-process.jpg" data-orig-size="1400,1195" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="starting-site-creating-site-electron-main-dedicated-process" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/starting-site-creating-site-electron-main-dedicated-process.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/starting-site-creating-site-electron-main-dedicated-process.jpg?w=1024" width="1400" height="1195" src="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/starting-site-creating-site-electron-main-dedicated-process.jpg" alt="screenshots showing the differences of starting a site and creating a site in Electron's main process vs the dedicated process" class="wp-image-69084" srcset="https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/starting-site-creating-site-electron-main-dedicated-process.jpg 1400w, https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/starting-site-creating-site-electron-main-dedicated-process.jpg?w=150&h=128 150w, https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/starting-site-creating-site-electron-main-dedicated-process.jpg?w=300&h=256 300w, https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/starting-site-creating-site-electron-main-dedicated-process.jpg?w=768&h=656 768w, https://en-blog.files.wordpress.com/2024/08/starting-site-creating-site-electron-main-dedicated-process.jpg?w=1024&h=874 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px" /></a></figure> <p>Electron’s documentation is incredibly valuable for addressing performance issues, particularly those related to <a href="https://www.electronjs.org/docs/latest/tutorial/performance#3-blocking-the-main-process">blocking the main process</a>. It was clear that maintaining a lightweight main process is crucial, and avoiding heavy or blocking operations in this context is essential. However, this realization presented a new challenge: <strong>how do we detach the running sites from the main process?</strong></p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Spawning dedicated processes</h2> <p>To tackle the performance issues, we adopted the tried-and-true strategy of “divide and conquer.” </p> <p>The idea was to run Studio’s sites in dedicated processes, separate from the main one. Since Electron is built on Node.js, spawning child processes seemed like a plausible solution. However, Electron also offers a <a href="https://www.electronjs.org/docs/latest/api/utility-process"><code>utilityProcess</code></a> utility, which behaves similarly to Node’s child processes, but operating at the browser level and aligning more closely with Electron’s app model.</p> <p>While this approach promised to alleviate the load on the main process, it also introduced additional complexity. We had to manage these new processes and handle communication between the main and dedicated processes via messages. Additionally, we encountered challenges related to the build configuration and using <a href="https://webpack.js.org/">Webpack</a> for building the application.</p> <p>Below is a full example of implementing this approach (<strong>click to expand each example to see the full code</strong>):</p> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary><strong>Dedicated Process Manager (process.js):</strong></summary><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code "><pre class="brush: php; auto-links: false; title: ; quick-code: false; notranslate" title=""> const { app, utilityProcess } = require( 'electron' ); // This path should be calculated dynamically as the file could be in // different locations depending on the build configuration const PROCESS_MODULE_PATH = './process-child.js'; const DEFAULT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT = 120000; class Process { lastMessageId = 0; process; ongoingMessages = {}; async init() { return new Promise( ( resolve, reject ) => { const spawnListener = async () => { // Removing exit listener as we only need it upon starting this.process?.off( 'exit', exitListener ); resolve(); }; const exitListener = ( code ) => { if ( code !== 0 ) { reject( new Error( `process exited with code ${ code } upon starting` ) ); } }; this.process = utilityProcess .fork( PROCESS_MODULE_PATH, [], { serviceName: 'dedicated-process', env: { ...process.env, IN_CHILD_PROCESS: 'true', APP_NAME: app.name, // Note that Electron context won't be available in the dedicated process. // Add here other environment variables that might be needed. }, } ) .on( 'spawn', spawnListener ) .on( 'exit', exitListener ); } ); } // This is an example function. Feel free to add more for other purposes. async exampleFunc( command, args ) { const message = 'exampleFunc'; const messageId = this.sendMessage( message, { command, args } ); return await this.waitForResponse( message, messageId ); } // It's important to keep in mind that the process will be running // until it's explicitly stopped. async stop() { await this.killProcess(); } sendMessage( message, data ) { const process = this.process; if ( ! process ) { throw Error( 'The process is not running' ); } const messageId = this.lastMessageId++; process.postMessage( { message, messageId, data } ); return messageId; } async waitForResponse( originalMessage, originalMessageId, timeout = DEFAULT_RESPONSE_TIMEOUT ) { const process = this.process; if ( ! process ) { throw Error( 'The process is not running' ); } if ( this.ongoingMessages[ originalMessageId ] ) { throw Error( `The 'waitForResponse' function was already called for message ID ${ originalMessageId } from the message '${ originalMessage }'. 'waitForResponse' may only be called once per message ID.` ); } return new Promise( ( resolve, reject ) => { const handler = ( { message, messageId, data, error } ) => { if ( message !== originalMessage || messageId !== originalMessageId ) { return; } process.removeListener( 'message', handler ); clearTimeout( timeoutId ); delete this.ongoingMessages[ originalMessageId ]; if ( typeof error !== 'undefined' ) { console.error( error ); reject( new Error( error ) ); return; } resolve( data ); }; const timeoutHandler = () => { reject( new Error( `Request for message ${ originalMessage } timed out` ) ); process.removeListener( 'message', handler ); }; const timeoutId = setTimeout( timeoutHandler, timeout ); const cancelHandler = () => { clearTimeout( timeoutId ); reject( { error: new Error( `Request for message ${ originalMessage } was canceled` ), canceled: true, } ); process.removeListener( 'message', handler ); }; this.ongoingMessages[ originalMessageId ] = { cancelHandler }; process.addListener( 'message', handler ); } ); } async killProcess() { const process = this.process; if ( ! process ) { throw Error( 'The process is not running' ); } this.cancelOngoingMessages(); return new Promise( ( resolve, reject ) => { process.once( 'exit', ( code ) => { if ( code !== 0 ) { reject( new Error( `Process exited with code ${ code } upon stopping` ) ); return; } resolve(); } ); process.kill(); } ).catch( ( error ) => { console.error( error ); } ); } cancelOngoingMessages() { Object.values( this.ongoingMessages ).forEach( ( { cancelHandler } ) => { cancelHandler(); } ); } } module.exports = Process; </pre></div></details> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary><strong>Dedicated Process Logic (process-child.js):</strong></summary><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code "><pre class="brush: php; auto-links: false; title: ; quick-code: false; notranslate" title=""> // Replace with initial setup logic based on the environment variables if needed. console.log( `Run initial setup for app: ${ process.env.APP_NAME }` ); const handlers = { exampleFunc: createHandler( exampleFunc ), }; async function exampleFunc( data ) { const { command, args } = data; // Replace this with the desired logic. console.log( `Run heavy operation ${ command } with args: ${ args }` ); } function createHandler( handler ) { return async ( message, messageId, data ) => { try { const response = await handler( data ); process.parentPort.postMessage( { message, messageId, data: response, } ); } catch ( error ) { process.parentPort.postMessage( { message, messageId, error: error?.message || 'Unknown Error', } ); } }; } process.parentPort.on( 'message', async ( { data: messagePayload } ) => { const { message, messageId, data } = messagePayload; const handler = handlers[ message ]; if ( ! handler ) { process.parentPort.postMessage( { message, messageId, error: Error( `No handler defined for message '${ message }'` ), } ); return; } await handler( message, messageId, data ); } ); </pre></div></details> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary><strong>Run example (main.js):</strong></summary><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code "><pre class="brush: php; auto-links: false; title: ; quick-code: false; notranslate" title=""> async function runExample() { const process = new Process(); await process.init(); await process.exampleFunc( 'my-command', [ 'example', 100 ] ); } … app.whenReady().then( () => { runExample(); } ); … </pre></div></details> <p><em>Note: The code above has been adapted for use in a generic example Electron project. You can test it using </em><a href="https://www.electronjs.org/fiddle"><em>Electron Fiddle</em></a><em>.</em></p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Build configuration and Webpack</h2> <p>Our project build setup relies on <a href="https://www.electronforge.io/">Forge</a> and <a href="https://www.electronforge.io/config/plugins/webpack">Webpack</a>. Implementing dedicated processes introduced extra complexity, as we initially bundled all the code into a single file. </p> <p>However, since dedicated processes require their code to run in isolation from the main process, we needed to separate the bundles. After adjusting the Webpack configuration, we successfully set it up to produce the necessary files.</p> <p>Below is an example of the changes we applied (<strong>click to expand each example to see the full code</strong>):</p> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary><strong>Before:</strong></summary><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code "><pre class="brush: php; auto-links: false; title: ; quick-code: false; notranslate" title=""> import { type Configuration } from 'webpack'; export const mainConfig: Configuration = { // This is the main entry point for your application, it's the first file // that runs in the main process. entry: './src/index.ts', ... </pre></div></details> <details class="wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow"><summary><strong>After:</strong></summary><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code "><pre class="brush: php; auto-links: false; title: ; quick-code: false; notranslate" title=""> import path from 'path'; import { type Configuration, DefinePlugin } from 'webpack'; // Extra entries are bundled separately from the main bundle. They are primarily used // for worker threads and forked processes, which need to be loaded independently. const extraEntries = [ { name: 'siteServerProcess', path: './src/lib/site-server-process-child.ts', exportName: 'SITE_SERVER_PROCESS_MODULE_PATH', }, // Here you can configure other dedicated processes ]; export default function mainConfig( _env: unknown, args: Record< string, unknown > ) { const isProduction = args.mode === 'production'; // Generates the necessary plugins to expose the module path of extra entries. const definePlugins = extraEntries.map( ( entry ) => { // The path calculation is based on how the Forge's webpack plugin generates the path for Electron files. // Reference: https://github.com/electron/forge/blob/b298b2967bdc79bdc4e09681ea1ccc46a371635a/packages/plugin/webpack/src/WebpackConfig.ts#L113-L140 const modulePath = isProduction ? `require('path').resolve(__dirname, '..', 'main', '${ entry.name }.js')` : JSON.stringify( path.resolve( __dirname, `.webpack/main/${ entry.name }.js` ) ); return new DefinePlugin( { [ entry.exportName ]: modulePath, } ); } ); return { ...mainBaseConfig, plugins: [ ...( mainBaseConfig.plugins || [] ), ...definePlugins ], }; } export const mainBaseConfig: Configuration = { entry: { // This is the main entry point for your application, it's the first file // that runs in the main process. index: './src/index.ts', // Inject extra entries into the Webpack configuration. // These entries are primarily used for worker threads and forked processes. ...extraEntries.reduce( ( accum, entry ) => { return { ...accum, [ entry.name ]: entry.path }; }, {} ), }, ... </pre></div></details> <p><em>Note: The code above is </em><a href="https://github.com/Automattic/studio/blob/a580368f5e7f44f5fd1d741f0f8fcecc4e00fe45/webpack.main.config.ts#L1"><em>directly from Studio</em></a><em>, written in </em><a href="https://www.typescriptlang.org/"><em>TypeScript</em></a><em>.</em></p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Bonus tip: avoid blocking file system operations</h2> <p>We also noticed performance issues when using synchronous file system operations when building Studio, specifically when using the synchronous versions of functions, which can block the main process. To prevent this, it’s best to use the promise-based or callback versions of these functions.</p> <p>For example, instead of using:</p> <div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code "><pre class="brush: php; auto-links: false; gutter: false; title: ; quick-code: false; notranslate" title=""> fs.readFileSync( path, 'utf8' ); </pre></div> <p>Use:</p> <div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code "><pre class="brush: php; auto-links: false; gutter: false; title: ; quick-code: false; notranslate" title=""> await fs.readFile( path, 'utf8' ); </pre></div> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Ready to build?</h2> <p>If this information has piqued your interest, or if you’re developing WordPress sites, <a href="https://developer.wordpress.com/studio/?utm_source=dotcom_blog&utm_medium=blog_post&utm_campaign=bip_2">start leveraging the power of Studio today</a>. It’s free, it’s <a href="https://github.com/automattic/studio">open source</a>, and it seamlessly integrates into your development workflow.</p> <div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-button btn-primary text-color-white"><a class="wp-block-button__link wp-element-button" href="https://developer.wordpress.com/studio/?utm_source=dotcom_blog&utm_medium=blog_post&utm_campaign=bip_2">Download Studio for free</a></div> </div> <p>After downloading Studio, <a href="https://wordpress.com/">connect it to your WordPress.com account</a> (free or paid) to unlock features like Demo Sites.</p> <p>Want to contribute to Studio? 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Used for affiliate tracking, coupons, etc. */ const applyLinkers = () => { kit.linkQueryVars( [ { includeRegExps: [ /^(?:[^\/]+\.)?(?:wordpress|jetpack|woocommerce|crowdsignal|wpjobmanager)\.com(?:\/|$)/i, ], linkQueryVars: [ 'aff', 'affiliate', 'cid', // Aff campaign ID. 'sid', // Aff sub ID. 'irclickid' // Impact Affiliate Click ID ], }, { includeRegExps: [ /^(?:[^\/]+\.)?(?:wordpress|jetpack)\.com(?:\/|$)/i, ], linkQueryVars: [ 'coupon', ], }, ] ); } /** * Handles currencies. Gets the currency value from cookies, and sets the currency * if the cookie is not present. Can also be overridden by setting the `currency` URL * paramter. */ const fireCurrencyHandlers = () => { let currency = kit.getQueryVar( 'currency' ) || ''; if ( ! currency && 'amex-business-in' === config.currentPageName ) { currency = 'USD'; // Special case for this LP. } if ( currency ) { kit.docCookies.setItem( 'landingpage_currency', currency, 31536000, '/', '.rootDomain' ); } }; /** * Fires the `wpcom_page_view` Tracks event. */ const fireTracks = () => { const props = Object.assign( {}, kit.getQueryVars( '', kit.QUERY_PARAMS ), { // Page props. path: config.currentPagePath, name: config.currentPageName, locale: config.currentPageLocale, variation: config.pageVariation, personal_variation: config.pagePersonalVariation, // Back compat. LP props. lp_name: config.currentGenericPageName, lp_variation: config.pageVariation, lp_personal_variation: config.pagePersonalVariation, } ); window._tkq.push( [ 'recordEvent', 'wpcom_page_view', props ] ); }; function fireRedditAdvertisingPixel() { !function(w,d){if(!w.rdt){var p=w.rdt=function(){p.sendEvent?p.sendEvent.apply(p,arguments):p.callQueue.push(arguments)};p.callQueue=[];var t=d.createElement("script");t.src="https://www.redditstatic.com/ads/pixel.js",t.async=!0;var s=d.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}}(window,document); rdt('init','a2_ehx23cq176s3'); rdt('track', 'PageVisit'); } /** * Handles the referral tracking. */ const fireAffiliateReferrals = () => { kit.attachScriptElement( 'https://s1.wp.com/wp-content/themes/h4/landing/marketing/js/affiliate-referrals.js?v=' + config.affiliateJSVersion ); }; /** * Loads the Google Ads gtag. */ const loadGoogleAdsGtag = () => { kit.loadGtag( 'AW-946162814' ); } /** * Loads and fires the Google Analytics 4. */ const fireGoogleAnalyticsFour = () => { const gtagOptions = { 'anonymize_ip': true, 'use_amp_client_id': true }; kit.loadGtag( 'G-1H4VG5F5JF', gtagOptions ); } const fireParsely = ( trackingId ) => { kit.loadParselyTracker( trackingId ); } const fireHotJar = () => { if ( ! kit.pertainsToSTS() ) { kit.fireHotjar( 227769 ); } } /** * Loads and fires the Facebook Pixel. */ const fireFacebook = () => { kit.loadFacebook(); fbq( 'init', '823166884443641' ); fbq( 'track', 'PageView' ); } /** * Loads and fires Microsoft Clarity */ const fireMicrosoftClarity = () => { if ( window.clarity ) { return; } // Needs to be set prior to loading the external script. window.clarity = window.clarity || function () { ( window.clarity.q = window.clarity.q || [] ).push( arguments ); }; const clarityScript = kit.attachScriptElement( 'https://www.clarity.ms/tag/j0cc1i1dba' ); document.body.appendChild( clarityScript ); }; const fireImpactAffiliate = () => { kit.loadImpactAffiliate( config.currentUserIdHash, config.currentUserEmailHash ); } /** * Handles scroll percentage tracking. */ const trackScrollPercentage = () => { const scrollPosition = window.pageYOffset; const pageHeight = document.body.scrollHeight - window.innerHeight; const scrollProgress = ( scrollPosition / pageHeight ) * 100; // Check if the user has scrolled to 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% of the page if ( scrollProgress >= 25 && scrollProgress < 50 ) { dispatchScrollCustomEvent( 25 ) } else if ( scrollProgress >= 50 && scrollProgress < 75 ) { dispatchScrollCustomEvent( 50 ) } else if ( scrollProgress >= 75 && scrollProgress < 100 ) { dispatchScrollCustomEvent( 75 ) } else if ( scrollProgress >= 100 ) { dispatchScrollCustomEvent( 100 ) } } /** * Dispatches a custom event with the scroll percentage. */ const dispatchScrollCustomEvent = ( scrollPercentage ) => { const event = new CustomEvent( `PageScrollPercentage${scrollPercentage}`, { detail: scrollPercentage } ); window.dispatchEvent(event); } /** * Handles the scroll tracking callback. E.g. firing Tracks and GA events. */ const scrollTrackingCallback = ( event ) => { const { detail: scrollPercentage } = event; const trackingProps = {}; // Event props. trackingProps.percent = event.detail ?? 0; trackingProps.path = config.currentPagePath || ''; trackingProps.name = config.currentPageName || ''; trackingProps.locale = config.currentPageLocale || ''; trackingProps.variation = config.pageVariation || ''; trackingProps.personal_variation = config.pagePersonalVariation || ''; trackingProps.lp_name = config.currentGenericPageName || ''; trackingProps.lp_variation = config.pageVariation || ''; trackingProps.lp_personal_variation = config.pagePersonalVariation || ''; tracksAnalyticsScrollEvent( trackingProps ); } /** * Dispatches a Tracks event for page scroll. */ const tracksAnalyticsScrollEvent = ( trackingProps ) => { window._tkq.push( [ 'recordEvent', 'wpcom_page_scroll', trackingProps ] ); } // Call the trackScrollProgress function every time the user scrolls window.addEventListener( 'scroll', trackScrollPercentage ); // Listen to events for specific scroll percentages, each event is only acted upon once. window.addEventListener( 'PageScrollPercentage25', scrollTrackingCallback, { once: true } ) window.addEventListener( 'PageScrollPercentage50', scrollTrackingCallback, { once: true } ) window.addEventListener( 'PageScrollPercentage75', scrollTrackingCallback, { once: true } ) window.addEventListener( 'PageScrollPercentage100', scrollTrackingCallback, { once: true } ) /** * Handles click tracking for certain elements in Tracks and GA. */ const setupTracksGAClickTracking = () => { document.querySelector( 'body' ).addEventListener( 'click', ( event ) => { // We only care about clicks on certain elements. if ( event.target.matches( 'a, button, .click-tracking-enable' ) ) { const { target: clickEventTarget } = event; // Initialize eventProps object with some defaults. const eventProps = {}; eventProps.path = config.currentPagePath || ''; eventProps.name = config.currentPageName || ''; eventProps.lp_name = config.currentGenericPageName || ''; eventProps.locale = config.currentPageLocale || ''; eventProps.variation = config.pageVariation || ''; eventProps.personal_variation = config.pagePersonalVariation || ''; // Identify farthest and closest parent element. const selectors = [ '.wpcom-masterbar.wpcom-header', '.lpc', '.lp-block', '.lp-module', 'section', 'post', 'article' ]; const section = getLastMatchingAncestor( event, selectors ); const container = getClosestMatchingAncestor( event, selectors ); // Get class name and ID for container and add to props. eventProps.container_id = container ? container.getAttribute( 'id' ) : ''; eventProps.container_class = container ? container.getAttribute( 'class' ) : ''; eventProps.container = eventProps.container_id || eventProps.container_class; // What type of element have we clicked? eventProps.is_cta = clickEventTarget.matches( 'is-cta' ) ?? false; eventProps.is_in_header_nav = clickEventTarget.classList.contains('x-nav-link') || clickEventTarget.classList.contains('x-dropdown-link') || clickEventTarget.classList.contains('x-menu-link') || section === 'lpc-header-nav' || section === 'wpcom-masterbar.wpcom-header'; const isClickedElementButton = clickEventTarget.classList.contains('lpc-button') || clickEventTarget.classList.contains('button') || clickEventTarget.classList.contains('wp-block-button__link'); const isParentElementButton = clickEventTarget.parentElement && (clickEventTarget.parentElement.classList.contains('lpc-button') || clickEventTarget.parentElement.classList.contains('button') || clickEventTarget.parentElement.classList.contains('wp-block-button__link')); eventProps.is_button = isClickedElementButton || isParentElementButton; // Link data. eventProps.href = clickEventTarget.getAttribute( 'href' ) || ''; eventProps.target = clickEventTarget.getAttribute( 'target' ) || ''; eventProps.text = clickEventTarget.innerText || ''; eventProps.use_beacon = true; // Emit tracking event in Tracks and GA. window._tkq.push( [ 'recordEvent', 'wpcom_link_click', eventProps ] ); // TODO: Implement a click delay on navigation links and CTA buttons to improve data integrity. // if ( props.is_in_header_nav || props.is_cta || props.is_button ) { // if ( props.href && 0 !== props.href.indexOf( '#' ) && -1 !== [ '', '_top', '_self' ].indexOf( props.target ) ) { // event.preventDefault(); // Allow time for trackers to record the click. // setTimeout( function() { // document.location = props.href; // }, 300 ); // } // } } }); } /** * Add cookie and stats tracking for the Landpack language picker. */ const setupLocaleChangeTracking = () => { function createLocaleCookie( locale ) { const cookieDomain = '.wordpress.com'; const cookieName = 'wpcom_locale'; const date = new Date(); date.setTime( date.getTime() + ( 5 * 365 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000 ) ); const expires = " expires=" + date.toGMTString(); document.cookie = cookieName + '=' + locale + ';' + expires +'; path=/; domain=' + cookieDomain; } function createStatsRequest( locale, href ) { const languageChangeStat = new Image(); languageChangeStat.onload = () => window.location.href = href; languageChangeStat.onerror = languageChangeStat.onload; languageChangeStat.src = 'https://pixel.wp.com/g.gif?v=wpcom-no-pv&x_language-switcher=manual-switch-' + locale + '&rm=' + Math.random(); } document.body.addEventListener( 'click', ( event ) => { const { target } = event; 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