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class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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id="toc-Initial_events_and_the_start_of_the_protest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Initial_events_and_the_start_of_the_protest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Initial events and the start of the protest </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Initial_events_and_the_start_of_the_protest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-American_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.1 American influence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fundraising" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fundraising"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.2 Fundraising </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fundraising-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Donor_list_hacked" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Donor_list_hacked"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2.3 Donor list hacked </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Donor_list_hacked-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vaccine_mandates_and_passports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vaccine_mandates_and_passports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Vaccine mandates and passports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vaccine_mandates_and_passports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vaccination_requirements_for_US–Canada_cross-border_travel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vaccination_requirements_for_US–Canada_cross-border_travel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.1 Vaccination requirements for US–Canada cross-border travel </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vaccination_requirements_for_US–Canada_cross-border_travel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Convoy_to_Ottawa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Convoy_to_Ottawa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Convoy to Ottawa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Convoy_to_Ottawa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ottawa_protest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ottawa_protest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Ottawa protest </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ottawa_protest-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Ottawa protest subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Ottawa_protest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Peak_size_of_Parliament_Hill_demonstration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peak_size_of_Parliament_Hill_demonstration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Peak size of Parliament Hill demonstration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peak_size_of_Parliament_Hill_demonstration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Desecration_and_community_harassment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Desecration_and_community_harassment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Desecration and community harassment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Desecration_and_community_harassment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ottawa_protests_and_entrenchment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ottawa_protests_and_entrenchment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Ottawa protests and entrenchment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ottawa_protests_and_entrenchment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_clearance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_clearance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 After clearance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_clearance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_blockades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_blockades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Major blockades </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Major_blockades-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Major blockades subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Major_blockades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alberta–Montana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alberta–Montana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Alberta–Montana </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alberta–Montana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ontario–Michigan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ontario–Michigan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Ontario–Michigan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ontario–Michigan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Participants_and_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Participants_and_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Participants and response </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Participants_and_response-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Participants and response subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Participants_and_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Groups </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Counter-protests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Counter-protests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Counter-protests </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Counter-protests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ottawa_Police_Service_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ottawa_Police_Service_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Ottawa Police Service response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ottawa_Police_Service_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Integrated_Command_Centre_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Integrated_Command_Centre_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Integrated Command Centre response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Integrated_Command_Centre_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Clearance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clearance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4.1 Clearance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clearance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Municipal_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Municipal_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Municipal response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Municipal_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Provincial_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Provincial_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Provincial response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Provincial_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Federal_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7 Federal response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federal_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Emergencies_Act" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emergencies_Act"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7.1 Emergencies Act </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emergencies_Act-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Related events </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Related_events-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Related events subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Related_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Other_border_crossing_obstructions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_border_crossing_obstructions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Other border crossing obstructions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_border_crossing_obstructions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-British_Columbia–Washington" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_Columbia–Washington"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.1 British Columbia–Washington </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_Columbia–Washington-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manitoba–North_Dakota" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manitoba–North_Dakota"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.2 Manitoba–North Dakota </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manitoba–North_Dakota-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_Canadian_protests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_Canadian_protests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Other Canadian protests </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_Canadian_protests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Toronto" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toronto"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.1 Toronto </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toronto-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Winnipeg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Winnipeg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.2 Winnipeg </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Winnipeg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fredericton" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fredericton"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.3 Fredericton </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fredericton-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nova_Scotia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nova_Scotia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.4 Nova Scotia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nova_Scotia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edmonton" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edmonton"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.5 Edmonton </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edmonton-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.6 Other </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_protests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_protests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 International protests </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_protests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rolling_Thunder_Ottawa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rolling_Thunder_Ottawa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Rolling Thunder Ottawa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rolling_Thunder_Ottawa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results_and_aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results_and_aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Results and aftermath </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Results_and_aftermath-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Results and aftermath subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Results_and_aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Parliamentary_committee_investigations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parliamentary_committee_investigations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Parliamentary committee investigations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parliamentary_committee_investigations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-FINA_Committee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#FINA_Committee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.1 FINA Committee </div> </a> <ul id="toc-FINA_Committee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SECU_Committee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SECU_Committee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.2 SECU Committee </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SECU_Committee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-PROC_Committee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#PROC_Committee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.3 PROC Committee </div> </a> <ul id="toc-PROC_Committee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DEDC_Committee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DEDC_Committee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.4 DEDC Committee </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DEDC_Committee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_Order_Emergency_Commission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_Order_Emergency_Commission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1.5 Public Order Emergency Commission </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_Order_Emergency_Commission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_loss_and_costs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_loss_and_costs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Economic loss and costs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_loss_and_costs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_Ottawa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Ottawa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2.1 In Ottawa </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Ottawa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alberta–Montana_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alberta–Montana_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2.2 Alberta–Montana </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alberta–Montana_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ontario–Michigan_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ontario–Michigan_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2.3 Ontario–Michigan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ontario–Michigan_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manitoba–North_Dakota_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manitoba–North_Dakota_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2.4 Manitoba–North Dakota </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manitoba–North_Dakota_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism_of_Ottawa_Police" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_of_Ottawa_Police"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Criticism of Ottawa Police </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism_of_Ottawa_Police-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criminal_investigations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criminal_investigations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Criminal investigations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criminal_investigations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lawsuits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lawsuits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 Lawsuits </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lawsuits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Class-action_lawsuit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Class-action_lawsuit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5.1 Class-action lawsuit </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Class-action_lawsuit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canadian_Civil_Liberties_Association" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canadian_Civil_Liberties_Association"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5.2 Canadian Civil Liberties Association </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canadian_Civil_Liberties_Association-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Statements_and_reactions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statements_and_reactions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Statements and reactions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Statements_and_reactions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Statements and reactions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Statements_and_reactions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Canadian_politicians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canadian_politicians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Canadian politicians </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canadian_politicians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Liberal_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liberal_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.1 Liberal Party </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liberal_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conservative_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conservative_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.2 Conservative Party </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conservative_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_Canadian_politicians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_Canadian_politicians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.3 Other Canadian politicians </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_Canadian_politicians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_politicians_and_media_figures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_politicians_and_media_figures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 American politicians and media figures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_politicians_and_media_figures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trucking_industry_and_labour_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trucking_industry_and_labour_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Trucking industry and labour groups </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trucking_industry_and_labour_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mass_media_outlets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mass_media_outlets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Mass media outlets </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mass_media_outlets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Miscellaneous" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Miscellaneous"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 Miscellaneous </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Miscellaneous-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opinion_polls" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opinion_polls"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.6 Opinion polls </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opinion_polls-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Canada convoy protest</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" > 21 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_2022" title="قافلة الحرية 2022 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قافلة الحرية 2022" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B_%D1%9E_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5_(2022)" title="Пратэсты ў Канадзе (2022) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пратэсты ў Канадзе (2022)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_Convoy" title="Freedom Convoy – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Freedom Convoy" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B2%CF%8C%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_2022" title="Κονβόι της Ελευθερίας 2022 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κονβόι της Ελευθερίας 2022" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convoy_de_la_Libertad" title="Convoy de la Libertad – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Convoy de la Libertad" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="کاروان اعتراضی کانادا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کاروان اعتراضی کانادا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9" title="Convoi de la liberté – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Convoi de la liberté" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvoi_kebebasan_di_Kanada" title="Konvoi kebebasan di Kanada – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Konvoi kebebasan di Kanada" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convoglio_della_libert%C3%A0" title="Convoglio della libertà – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Convoglio della libertà" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_(2022)" title="שיירת החירות (2022) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שיירת החירות (2022)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C4%ABv%C4%ABbas_konvojs" title="Brīvības konvojs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Brīvības konvojs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konvoi_Kebebasan_2022" title="Konvoi Kebebasan 2022 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Konvoi Kebebasan 2022" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li 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data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">2022 protest against COVID-19 mandates</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the 2022 convoy protest known as the "Freedom Convoy". For the 2019 convoy protests, see <a href="/wiki/Yellow_vests_movement_(Canada)" title="Yellow vests movement (Canada)">Yellow vests movement (Canada)</a>. For the 1935 convoy protest to Ottawa, see <a href="/wiki/On-to-Ottawa_Trek" title="On-to-Ottawa Trek">On-to-Ottawa Trek</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Very_long plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-very_long" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article may be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_size" title="Wikipedia:Article size">too long</a> to read and navigate comfortably. When this tag was added, its <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:SIZERULE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:SIZERULE">readable prose size</a> was 18,000 words. Consider <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Splitting">splitting</a> content into sub-articles, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">condensing</a> it, or adding <a href="/wiki/Help:Section#Subsections" title="Help:Section">subheadings</a>. Please discuss this issue on the article's <a href="/wiki/Talk:Canada_convoy_protest" title="Talk:Canada convoy protest">talk page</a>. (June 2023)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing: 2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Canada convoy protest</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#eeeeee;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 protests in Canada">COVID-19 protests in Canada</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; line-height: 1.5em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:302px;max-width:302px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:300px;max-width:300px"><div style="border:1;;height:197px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Freedom_Convoy_2022,_Ottawa,_February_12_(39).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Freedom_Convoy_2022%2C_Ottawa%2C_February_12_%2839%29.jpg/298px-Freedom_Convoy_2022%2C_Ottawa%2C_February_12_%2839%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="298" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Freedom_Convoy_2022%2C_Ottawa%2C_February_12_%2839%29.jpg/447px-Freedom_Convoy_2022%2C_Ottawa%2C_February_12_%2839%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Freedom_Convoy_2022%2C_Ottawa%2C_February_12_%2839%29.jpg/596px-Freedom_Convoy_2022%2C_Ottawa%2C_February_12_%2839%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9191" data-file-height="6098" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:175px;max-width:175px"><div style="border:1;;height:68px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Freedom_Convoy_lined_up_on_Wellington_Street_Jan_28.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Freedom_Convoy_lined_up_on_Wellington_Street_Jan_28.png/173px-Freedom_Convoy_lined_up_on_Wellington_Street_Jan_28.png" decoding="async" width="173" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Freedom_Convoy_lined_up_on_Wellington_Street_Jan_28.png/260px-Freedom_Convoy_lined_up_on_Wellington_Street_Jan_28.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Freedom_Convoy_lined_up_on_Wellington_Street_Jan_28.png/346px-Freedom_Convoy_lined_up_on_Wellington_Street_Jan_28.png 2x" data-file-width="2869" data-file-height="1130" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:123px;max-width:123px"><div style="border:1;;height:68px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Supporters_greet_a_truck_on_an_overpass_Freedom_Convoy_2022_-_MERRITT_BC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Supporters_greet_a_truck_on_an_overpass_Freedom_Convoy_2022_-_MERRITT_BC.png/121px-Supporters_greet_a_truck_on_an_overpass_Freedom_Convoy_2022_-_MERRITT_BC.png" decoding="async" width="121" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Supporters_greet_a_truck_on_an_overpass_Freedom_Convoy_2022_-_MERRITT_BC.png/182px-Supporters_greet_a_truck_on_an_overpass_Freedom_Convoy_2022_-_MERRITT_BC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Supporters_greet_a_truck_on_an_overpass_Freedom_Convoy_2022_-_MERRITT_BC.png/242px-Supporters_greet_a_truck_on_an_overpass_Freedom_Convoy_2022_-_MERRITT_BC.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:300px;max-width:300px"><div style="border:1;;height:198px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Ottawa_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Ottawa_01.jpg/298px-Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Ottawa_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="298" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Ottawa_01.jpg/447px-Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Ottawa_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Ottawa_01.jpg/596px-Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Ottawa_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3984" data-file-height="2656" /></a></div></div></div></div></div>Protesters in front of <a href="/wiki/Parliament_Hill" title="Parliament Hill">Parliament Hill</a> on February 12, 2022 (top); Vehicles lined up on <a href="/wiki/Wellington_Street_(Ottawa)" title="Wellington Street (Ottawa)">Wellington Street</a> January 28 (middle left); Supporters greet a truck on an overpass in <a href="/wiki/Merritt,_British_Columbia" title="Merritt, British Columbia">Merritt, British Columbia</a> (middle right); Protesters near the East Block of Parliament Hill (bottom)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Date</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">January 22 – February 23, 2022 (1 month and 1 day)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline;" class="location">Canada (spillover into the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Caused by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">COVID-19 pandemic in Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_mandates_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 vaccination mandates in Canada">COVID-19 vaccination mandates in Canada</a><a href="#cite_note-Highlights_Frustrations-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Goals</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Abolition of federal and provincial <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada#Government_response" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">COVID-19 mandates in Canada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Methods</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Convoy" title="Convoy">Convoy</a> protest over major Canadian highways; demonstration at <a href="/wiki/Parliament_Hill" title="Parliament Hill">Parliament Hill</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Resulted in</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">No concessions given; <a href="/wiki/Emergencies_Act" title="Emergencies Act">Emergencies Act</a> invoked from February 17 to 23, 2022</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Parties</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><table style="width:100%; border-spacing:0; margin:0; text-align:left; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Unity" title="Canada Unity">Canada Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Diagalon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Diagalon.png/18px-Diagalon.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Diagalon.png/27px-Diagalon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Diagalon.png/36px-Diagalon.png 2x" data-file-width="892" data-file-height="532" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Diagolon" title="Diagolon">Diagolon</a></li> <li>Freedom Fighters of Canada</li> <li>No More Lockdowns Canada</li></ul> Political support: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Republican_Disc.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/18px-Republican_Disc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/27px-Republican_Disc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Republican_Disc.svg/36px-Republican_Disc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="227" data-file-height="227" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party (United States)</a> elements</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Conservative_Party_of_Canada_logo_-_2020-present_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Conservative_Party_of_Canada_logo_-_2020-present_%28cropped%29.png/18px-Conservative_Party_of_Canada_logo_-_2020-present_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Conservative_Party_of_Canada_logo_-_2020-present_%28cropped%29.png/27px-Conservative_Party_of_Canada_logo_-_2020-present_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Conservative_Party_of_Canada_logo_-_2020-present_%28cropped%29.png/36px-Conservative_Party_of_Canada_logo_-_2020-present_%28cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="587" data-file-height="799" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative Party</a> elements</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:PPC-logo-en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/PPC-logo-en.png/18px-PPC-logo-en.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/PPC-logo-en.png/27px-PPC-logo-en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/PPC-logo-en.png/36px-PPC-logo-en.png 2x" data-file-width="388" data-file-height="186" /></a> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_of_Canada" title="People's Party of Canada">People's Party of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Party" title="Ontario Party">Ontario Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:New_Blue_Party_of_Ontario_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/New_Blue_Party_of_Ontario_logo.svg/18px-New_Blue_Party_of_Ontario_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/New_Blue_Party_of_Ontario_logo.svg/27px-New_Blue_Party_of_Ontario_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/New_Blue_Party_of_Ontario_logo.svg/36px-New_Blue_Party_of_Ontario_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="747" /></a> <a href="/wiki/New_Blue_Party_of_Ontario" title="New Blue Party of Ontario">New Blue Party of Ontario</a></li></ul></div></td> <td style="width:50%; padding-left:0.25em; border-left:1px dotted #aaa"><div> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Canada" title="Government of Canada">Government of Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police.svg/18px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police.svg/27px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police.svg/36px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="482" data-file-height="555" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police" title="Royal Canadian Mounted Police">Royal Canadian Mounted Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Protective_Service" title="Parliamentary Protective Service">Parliamentary Protective Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="Canadian Security Intelligence Service">Canadian Security Intelligence Service</a><a href="#cite_note-WPSunReinforcements-2">[2]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario"><img alt="Ontario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ontario" title="Government of Ontario">Government of Ontario</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Patch_of_the_Ontario_Provincial_Police.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Patch_of_the_Ontario_Provincial_Police.svg/18px-Patch_of_the_Ontario_Provincial_Police.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Patch_of_the_Ontario_Provincial_Police.svg/27px-Patch_of_the_Ontario_Provincial_Police.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Patch_of_the_Ontario_Provincial_Police.svg/36px-Patch_of_the_Ontario_Provincial_Police.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="33" data-file-height="26" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Provincial_Police" title="Ontario Provincial Police">Ontario Provincial Police</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec"><img alt="Quebec" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_Quebec.svg/23px-Flag_of_Quebec.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_Quebec.svg/35px-Flag_of_Quebec.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_Quebec.svg/45px-Flag_of_Quebec.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Quebec" title="Government of Quebec">Government of Quebec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Badge_-_S%C3%BBret%C3%A9_du_Quebec.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Badge_-_S%C3%BBret%C3%A9_du_Quebec.jpg/18px-Badge_-_S%C3%BBret%C3%A9_du_Quebec.jpg" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Badge_-_S%C3%BBret%C3%A9_du_Quebec.jpg/27px-Badge_-_S%C3%BBret%C3%A9_du_Quebec.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Badge_-_S%C3%BBret%C3%A9_du_Quebec.jpg/36px-Badge_-_S%C3%BBret%C3%A9_du_Quebec.jpg 2x" data-file-width="529" data-file-height="626" /></a> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BBret%C3%A9_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Sûreté du Québec">Sûreté du Québec</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario"><img alt="Ontario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /></a> Various <a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_Canada#Municipal" title="List of law enforcement agencies in Canada">Ontario Municipal Police Services</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Police_Service" title="Ottawa Police Service">Ottawa Police Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Police_Service" title="London Police Service">London Police Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Police_Service" title="Hamilton Police Service">Hamilton Police Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peel_Regional_Police" title="Peel Regional Police">Peel Regional Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Toronto_Police_Service.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Seal_of_the_Toronto_Police_Service.svg/18px-Seal_of_the_Toronto_Police_Service.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Seal_of_the_Toronto_Police_Service.svg/27px-Seal_of_the_Toronto_Police_Service.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Seal_of_the_Toronto_Police_Service.svg/36px-Seal_of_the_Toronto_Police_Service.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="294" data-file-height="335" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Police_Service" title="Toronto Police Service">Toronto Police Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Regional_Police" title="York Regional Police">York Regional Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_Regional_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Durham Regional Police">Durham Regional Police</a></li></ul> Anti convoy counter protestors Supported by: <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> United States <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg/18px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg/27px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg/36px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="247" data-file-height="247" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Homeland_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Homeland Security">Department of Homeland Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg/18px-United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg/27px-United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg/36px-United_States_Department_of_Transportation_seal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="247" data-file-height="248" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Transportation">Department of Transportation</a></li></ul> Political support: <a href="/wiki/File:Orange_NDP_logo_English.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Orange_NDP_logo_English.svg/18px-Orange_NDP_logo_English.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="4" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Orange_NDP_logo_English.svg/27px-Orange_NDP_logo_English.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Orange_NDP_logo_English.svg/36px-Orange_NDP_logo_English.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="246" data-file-height="60" /></a> <a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party" title="New Democratic Party">New Democratic Party</a></div></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Lead figures</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244901718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-columns-text-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns>div{box-sizing:border-box;width:50%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns-3>div{width:33.33%}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns-4>div{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns>div:not(:first-child){border-left:1px dotted #aaa;padding-left:5px}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist infobox-columns infobox-columns-2 infobox-columns-text-left"> <div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tamara_Lich" title="Tamara Lich">Tamara Lich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_King_(activist)" title="Pat King (activist)">Pat King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_John_Barber" title="Christopher John Barber">Christopher John Barber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Dichter" title="Benjamin Dichter">Benjamin Dichter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hildebrandt" title="Henry Hildebrandt">Henry Hildebrandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_E._Alexander" title="Paul E. Alexander">Paul E. Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxime_Bernier" title="Maxime Bernier">Maxime Bernier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Marazzo" title="Tom Marazzo">Tom Marazzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Sky" title="Chris Sky">Chris Sky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Hillier" title="Randy Hillier">Randy Hillier</a></li></ul> </div> </div> <div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Chrystia Freeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lametti" title="David Lametti">David Lametti</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_Anand" title="Anita Anand">Anita Anand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Ford" title="Doug Ford">Doug Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Watson_(Canadian_politician)" title="Jim Watson (Canadian politician)">Jim Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Sloly" title="Peter Sloly">Peter Sloly</a></li> <li>Steve Bell</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Vigneault" title="David Vigneault">David Vigneault</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Number</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><table style="width:100%; border-spacing:0; margin:0; text-align:left; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%;"><div> Convoy: 551–1,155 vehicles,<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-600FreedomVehicles-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> including: <ul><li>121–230 trucks</li> <li>430–925 personal vehicles</li></ul> Protests: Estimates of 3,000 to 18,000 people<a href="#cite_note-16">[a]</a></div></td> <td style="width:50%; padding-left:0.25em; border-left:1px dotted #aaa"><div> Unknown</div></td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Casualties, arrests and damages</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Injuries</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">8<a href="#cite_note-21">[b]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Arrested</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">272<a href="#cite_note-28">[c]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Fine_(penalty)" title="Fine (penalty)">Fined</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">2,600+<a href="#cite_note-auto4-29">[26]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Economic loss</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Estimates of up to $6 billion<a href="#cite_note-Hall_Barghouthi_20220215-30">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-Jennifer_LaGrassa_20220215-31">[28]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> A series of <a href="/wiki/Protests_over_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" class="mw-redirect" title="Protests over responses to the COVID-19 pandemic">protests</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blockades" class="mw-redirect" title="Blockades">blockades</a> in Canada against <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Canada#Vaccine_mandates,_policies_and_measures" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Canada">COVID-19 vaccine mandates</a> and restrictions, called the Freedom Convoy (French: Convoi de la liberté) by organizers, began in early 2022. The initial convoy movement was created to protest against the vaccine mandates for crossing the <a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_border" title="Canada–United States border">United States border</a>, but later evolved into a protest on <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> mandates in general. Beginning on January 22, 2022, hundreds of vehicles formed convoys from several points and traversed Canadian <a href="/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="Provinces and territories of Canada">provinces</a> before converging on <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a> on January 29, with a <a href="/wiki/Political_demonstration" title="Political demonstration">rally</a> at <a href="/wiki/Parliament_Hill" title="Parliament Hill">Parliament Hill</a>. The convoys were joined by thousands of pedestrian protesters. Several offshoot protests blockaded provincial capitals and border crossings with the United States. In late 2021, both Canada and the US accommodated unvaccinated cross-border truckers by exempting them from COVID-19 vaccine requirements to prevent exacerbating <a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_global_supply_chain_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2021–2022 global supply chain crisis">existing supply chain disruptions</a>. The exemptions in Canada ended on January 15, 2022, and the US exemption ended on January 22, 2022. Of the 120,000 Canadian licensed truck drivers who regularly serve cross-border routes, approximately 85 per cent were vaccinated against COVID-19 by January, leaving up to 16,000 Canadian truckers potentially affected by the restriction. Protesters occupied the downtown core of Ottawa and stated that they would not leave until all COVID-19 restrictions and mandates, trucking related and beyond, were repealed. Officials expressed concern about the economic impact of border blockades. On February 11, Ontario Premier <a href="/wiki/Doug_Ford" title="Doug Ford">Doug Ford</a> declared a <a href="/wiki/States_of_emergency_in_Canada" title="States of emergency in Canada">state of emergency</a>, introducing new legal sanctions on the impediment of trade routes, highways, airports, ports, bridges and railways. Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> and US President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> spoke on February 11 to discuss ending blockades at the border. On February 14, Trudeau invoked the <a href="/wiki/Emergencies_Act" title="Emergencies Act">Emergencies Act</a> for the first time since its passing in 1988.<a href="#cite_note-34">[d]</a> Between February 17 and 20, a large joint-operation police presence in Ottawa arrested organizers and protesters, removed parked vehicles, and dismantled blockades from Ottawa streets. By February 21, most of the protesters had been cleared from Ottawa. The convoy was condemned by trucking industry and labour groups. The <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Trucking_Alliance" title="Canadian Trucking Alliance">Canadian Trucking Alliance</a> stated that most protesters had no connection to trucking. Near a blockade in <a href="/wiki/Coutts,_Alberta" title="Coutts, Alberta">Coutts, Alberta</a>, multiple weapons were seized, and four men charged with <a href="/wiki/2022_alleged_plot_to_kill_Coutts_RCMP_officers" title="2022 alleged plot to kill Coutts RCMP officers">conspiracy to commit murder</a> of <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police" title="Royal Canadian Mounted Police">Royal Canadian Mounted Police</a> (RCMP) officers. Officials raised concerns of some protesters' involvement with far-right extremist groups, including those promoting violence, and that some protesters called for the federal government of Canada to be overthrown. Some sources have called the protests an <a href="/wiki/Occupation_(protest)" title="Occupation (protest)">occupation</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Siege" title="Siege">siege</a>. On the political front, Trudeau and <a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party" title="New Democratic Party">New Democratic Party</a> (NDP) leader <a href="/wiki/Jagmeet_Singh" title="Jagmeet Singh">Jagmeet Singh</a> condemned the convoy, while many <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(Canada)" title="Member of Parliament (Canada)">members of Parliament</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative Party of Canada</a> endorsed the convoy; <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> politicians from the United States, as well as other conservative politicians and media figures, also endorsed the convoy. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Canada_convoy_protest" title="Timeline of the Canada convoy protest">Timeline of the Canada convoy protest</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protest_goals">Protest goals</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Freedom_Convoy_2022_Ottawa_February_4-23.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Freedom_Convoy_2022_Ottawa_February_4-23.jpg/220px-Freedom_Convoy_2022_Ottawa_February_4-23.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Freedom_Convoy_2022_Ottawa_February_4-23.jpg/330px-Freedom_Convoy_2022_Ottawa_February_4-23.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Freedom_Convoy_2022_Ottawa_February_4-23.jpg/440px-Freedom_Convoy_2022_Ottawa_February_4-23.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3733" data-file-height="2092" /></a><figcaption>Anti-vaccine protesters at the convoy in Ottawa</figcaption></figure> The protest called for the end of <a href="/wiki/Vaccine_passports_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic">vaccine mandates</a> in Canada during the ongoing <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Need_to_know-35">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto1-36">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Highlights_Frustrations-1">[1]</a> Freedom Convoy's spokesperson Ben Dichter stated on <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a> that, "we want to get rid of the vaccine mandates and the [vaccine] passports. And that passport, that's the really concerning one." The organizers of the original mid-January crowdsourced fundraising campaign on <a href="/wiki/GoFundMe" title="GoFundMe">GoFundMe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamara_Lich" title="Tamara Lich">Tamara Lich</a> and Dichter, both of whom are not long-haul truckers,<a href="#cite_note-GlobalNews_20220202-37">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-RedDeerAdvocate-38">[34]</a> described the goal of the truck convoy, from across Canada to the nation's capital, as a demonstration against the newly implemented January 15 federal cross-border COVID-19 vaccine mandate, targeting long-haul truck drivers, according to a January 28, 2022 <a href="/wiki/CTV_News" title="CTV News">CTV News</a> article.<a href="#cite_note-Aiello_20220128-39">[35]</a> Several protesters voiced opposition to perceived authoritarianism and corruption by <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a>, stating they wanted him "out of office", while others said, "this is not an anti-vaccination movement, this is a freedom movement."<a href="#cite_note-auto5-40">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[37]</a> For example, <a href="/wiki/Canada_Unity" title="Canada Unity">Canada Unity</a>'s Ontario organizer for the convoy, Jason LaFace, said that the intent of the Canada Unity protest was to dissolve the federal government.<a href="#cite_note-BayNewsMuddies-42">[38]</a> Many of the restrictions that the protesters objected to are under provincial jurisdiction.<a href="#cite_note-43">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Initial_events_and_the_start_of_the_protest">Initial events and the start of the protest</h3></div> On November 16, 2021, <a href="/wiki/Canada_Border_Services_Agency" title="Canada Border Services Agency">Canadian Border Services Agency</a> officers refused truck driver <a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Belton" title="Brigitte Belton">Brigitte Belton</a> entry to Canada at the <a href="/wiki/Detroit%E2%80%93Windsor_tunnel" title="Detroit–Windsor tunnel">Detroit–Windsor tunnel</a> due to her failure to wear a face mask.<a href="#cite_note-:03-44">[40]</a> At the October 2022 <a href="/wiki/Emergencies_Act#Rouleau_inquiry" title="Emergencies Act">Public Order Emergency Commission</a>, commission lawyer Stephen Armstrong stated that Belton vented her frustration via her <a href="/wiki/TikTok" title="TikTok">TikTok</a> feed before using the platform to connect with <a href="/wiki/Christopher_John_Barber" title="Christopher John Barber">Chris Barber</a> and then later initiating the planning of the Canada convoy protest.<a href="#cite_note-:03-44">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-45">[41]</a> Armstrong said that Belton, Chris Barber, and <a href="/wiki/James_Bauder" title="James Bauder">James Bauder</a> all took part in a <a href="/wiki/Facebook_live" class="mw-redirect" title="Facebook live">Facebook live</a> event on January 13, 2022, to plan the protest's route and logistics.<a href="#cite_note-:03-44">[40]</a> The next day, <a href="/wiki/Tamara_Lich" title="Tamara Lich">Tamara Lich</a> started the fundraiser for the protest.<a href="#cite_note-:03-44">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="American_influence">American influence</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Freedom_Convoy_2022,_Ottawa,_February_12_(18).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="In a dense crowd of people wearing winter clothing in front of a building, several hold flags bearing the National Flag of Canada. Standing shoulder-to-shoulder, the vast majority are not wearing face masks. A large Gadsden flag and a large sign with the words "We are the fringe" are visually prominent." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Freedom_Convoy_2022%2C_Ottawa%2C_February_12_%2818%29.jpg/220px-Freedom_Convoy_2022%2C_Ottawa%2C_February_12_%2818%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Freedom_Convoy_2022%2C_Ottawa%2C_February_12_%2818%29.jpg/330px-Freedom_Convoy_2022%2C_Ottawa%2C_February_12_%2818%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Freedom_Convoy_2022%2C_Ottawa%2C_February_12_%2818%29.jpg/440px-Freedom_Convoy_2022%2C_Ottawa%2C_February_12_%2818%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9504" data-file-height="6336" /></a><figcaption>A large <a href="/wiki/Gadsden_flag" title="Gadsden flag">Gadsden flag</a> and a large sign with the words "We are the fringe" are seen in a crowd in <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a> on February 12, 2022. <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> had called the convoy protesters a "fringe minority."</figcaption></figure> Ottawa's police chief, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Sloly" title="Peter Sloly">Peter Sloly</a>, described a "significant element" of American involvement in the organization and funding of the convoys.<a href="#cite_note-coletta-46">[42]</a> Some of the donors participating in the protest's <a href="/wiki/GoFundMe" title="GoFundMe">GoFundMe</a> campaign were from the United States,<a href="#cite_note-usa-gofundme-cp24-47">[43]</a> and many used false names or remained anonymous.<a href="#cite_note-48">[44]</a> <a href="#cite_note-usa-gofundme-cp24-47">[43]</a> CBC News and The New York Times described the protests as a "<a href="/wiki/Cause_c%C3%A9l%C3%A8bre" title="Cause célèbre">cause célèbre</a>" for the <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing politics in the United States">American right</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CBCcopycat-49">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTCC-50">[46]</a> The convoys and protests were widely praised and promoted by American conservative political figures,<a href="#cite_note-51">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-usa-gofundme-cp24-47">[43]</a> who have been accused of propagating exaggerated claims about the protest, or making unfounded claims about the roles and actions of Canadian authorities and politicians with respect to the protest.<a href="#cite_note-observer-gofundme-52">[48]</a> The protest was endorsed by Trump, who, during his time in power, had regularly clashed with Trudeau over policy differences.<a href="#cite_note-53">[49]</a> In response to the convoy, Trump referred to Trudeau as a "far-left lunatic" who "has destroyed Canada", and invited protesters to organize on <a href="/wiki/Truth_Social" title="Truth Social">Truth Social</a>, his proposed social network.<a href="#cite_note-54">[50]</a> Various commentators have called the Freedom Convoy an example of Canadian Trumpism.<a href="#cite_note-55">[51]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Carney" title="Mark Carney">Mark Carney</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_the_Bank_of_Canada" title="Governor of the Bank of Canada">Governor of the Bank of Canada</a>, strongly criticized the foreign involvement in "the sedition in Ottawa," describing donors as "foreign funders of an insurrection" who had "interfered in our domestic affairs".<a href="#cite_note-56">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fundraising">Fundraising</h4></div> Fundraising started on January 14, 2022, through the crowdsourced fundraising platform <a href="/wiki/GoFundMe" title="GoFundMe">GoFundMe</a>. Listed as organizers were Tamara Lich, secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Alberta_separatism" title="Alberta separatism">western separatist</a> <a href="/wiki/Maverick_Party" title="Maverick Party">Maverick Party</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Maverick-57">[53]</a> and B. J. Dichter, a 2015 federal Conservative Party candidate now associated with the People's Party of Canada.<a href="#cite_note-GlobalNews_20220202-37">[33]</a> The Maverick Party has denied involvement in the convoy and said it was not the recipient of any funds raised.<a href="#cite_note-RedDeerAdvocate-38">[34]</a> The convoy's GoFundMe raised over CA$5 million by January 25. On January 24, GoFundMe stated funds raised would not be distributed until the fundraising organizers could demonstrate how the funds would be properly distributed.<a href="#cite_note-58">[54]</a> On January 27, GoFundMe released the initial CA$1 million of the funds after the organizers had provided a distribution plan.<a href="#cite_note-59">[55]</a> On February 2, GoFundMe flagged the fundraiser for review and paused donations, saying it was investigating to ensure the fundraiser was in compliance with the platform's <a href="/wiki/Terms_of_service" title="Terms of service">terms of service</a>.<a href="#cite_note-TorStarGofundme-60">[56]</a> The fundraiser had raised CA$10,096,500 from approximately 120,000 donors.<a href="#cite_note-TorStarGofundme-60">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBCpause-61">[57]</a> On February 3, the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_House_of_Commons_Standing_Committee_on_Public_Safety_and_National_Security" title="Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security">Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security</a> (SECU) called on GoFundMe officials to testify before it, to respond to concerns about the origin of the funds raised and to ensure they would not be used to "promote extremism".<a href="#cite_note-CBCcmte-62">[58]</a> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(Canada)" title="Member of Parliament (Canada)">Members of Parliament</a> also called on the <a href="/wiki/Financial_Transactions_and_Reports_Analysis_Centre_of_Canada" title="Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada">Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada</a> (FINTRAC), Canada's <a href="/wiki/Financial_intelligence" title="Financial intelligence">financial intelligence</a> agency, to appear before the committee. <a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a> reported that a third of the donations were anonymous or used false names for the publicly visible part of the campaign in a futile attempt aimed to prevent <a href="/wiki/Doxxing" class="mw-redirect" title="Doxxing">doxxing</a>, and that commenters on the fundraiser claimed to be from the United States, United Kingdom, and other countries.<a href="#cite_note-CBCcmte-62">[58]</a> On the evening of February 4, GoFundMe removed the campaign permanently for violating their terms of service,<a href="#cite_note-ajudd-63">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-anocc-64">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-otis-65">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-gends-66">[62]</a> specifically, "because the protest violates its rules on violence and harassment."<a href="#cite_note-s4908-67">[63]</a> A convoy fundraiser on the fundraising website <a href="/wiki/GiveSendGo" title="GiveSendGo">GiveSendGo</a>, launched after the GoFundMe removal, attracted over $8.2 million as of February 10.<a href="#cite_note-68">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-2022-02-10-Global-70">[66]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Ontario" title="Attorney General of Ontario">Attorney General of Ontario</a> sought and was granted an <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Superior_Court_of_Justice" title="Ontario Superior Court of Justice">Ontario Superior Court of Justice</a> court order under Section 490.8 of the <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Code_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Criminal Code of Canada">Criminal Code of Canada</a> against GiveSendGo,<a href="#cite_note-s4908-67">[63]</a> to <a href="/wiki/Asset_freezing" title="Asset freezing">freeze the funds</a> collected from two campaigns, "Freedom Convoy 2022"—US$8.4 million and "Adopt-a-Trucker"—over $686,000,<a href="#cite_note-Taylor_20220211-71">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-Woodward_20220213-72">[68]</a> and prohibit their distribution.<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-10-Global-70">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-s4908-67">[63]</a> The court order binds "any and all parties with possession or control over these donations".<a href="#cite_note-Taylor_20220211-71">[67]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Canadian_House_of_Commons_Standing_Committee_on_Finance" title="Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Finance">Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Finance</a> (FINA) voted on February 10 to include a study of the "rise of ideologically motivated extremism".<a href="#cite_note-Woodward_20220213-72">[68]</a> The FINA Committee invited GiveSendGo to testify.<a href="#cite_note-Woodward_20220213-72">[68]</a> By February 19, at least 76 bank accounts linked to the protests totalling CA$3.2 million were frozen under the Emergencies Act.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_20220219-73">[69]</a> Most accounts had been unfrozen by February 23.<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-23-GM-ending-the-use-74">[70]</a> The RCMP stated that it has not shared donor lists with financial institutions, only the names of those who were "influencers in the illegal protest in Ottawa, and owners and/or drivers of vehicles who did not want to leave the area impacted by the protest."<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-21-Global-healing-unrest-75">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[72]</a> In response to the efforts taken to block protestors from accessing funds via GoFundMe and other methods, reports surfaced of <a href="/wiki/Bitcoin" title="Bitcoin">Bitcoin</a> being used as an alternative source for fundraising.<a href="#cite_note-bitfix-77">[73]</a> Individual protestors have been reported as receiving bitcoin, sometimes as much as US$8,000 equivalent.<a href="#cite_note-bitfix-77">[73]</a> Of the protestors and the new interest in bitcoin among average Canadians, the journalist stated, "...institutions can be directed to shut off financial access to enemies of the state. This has traditionally been 'rogue' nations and terrorist outfits, but Canada decided to expand this net to include the hundreds of thousands of normal Canadians who oppose government lockdowns and mandates."<a href="#cite_note-bitfix-77">[73]</a> An Ontario Superior Court judge extended the freeze on funds until at least March 9, as of February 28.<a href="#cite_note-kisun-78">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Donor_list_hacked">Donor list hacked</h4></div> On February 13, 2022, the GiveSendGo website was hacked and its data on donations was released to journalists and researchers through <a href="/wiki/Distributed_Denial_of_Secrets" title="Distributed Denial of Secrets">Distributed Denial of Secrets</a>.<a href="#cite_note-faife-79">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[76]</a> Four days later, it was revealed that the hacker who had claimed credit, <a href="/wiki/Aubrey_Cottle" title="Aubrey Cottle">Aubrey Cottle</a>, had been threatened with murder. In the meantime, GiveSendGo had contacted the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a> to see if he could be prosecuted.<a href="#cite_note-dgvn-81">[77]</a> Of the 92,845 donations, 55.7 per cent of donors were from the United States, and 39 per cent from Canada. Many of the American donors' names correspond to the names of Donald Trump donors.<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-14-CBC-GiveSendGo-hack-82">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-Just_Leaked-83">[79]</a> The hack also revealed that one $90,000 donation allegedly came from American software billionaire <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Siebel" title="Thomas Siebel">Thomas Siebel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Just_Leaked-83">[79]</a> Some members of the <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Provincial_Police" title="Ontario Provincial Police">Ontario Provincial Police</a> were revealed to have donated to the convoy on GiveSendGo, prompting the OPP to launch an internal conduct investigation.<a href="#cite_note-84">[80]</a> The American publication <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a> reported that American right-wing commentators <a href="/wiki/Dan_Bongino" title="Dan Bongino">Dan Bongino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ben_Shapiro" title="Ben Shapiro">Ben Shapiro</a> were among personalities directing support to the Canadian movement's crowdfunding websites.<a href="#cite_note-Scott_20220207-85">[81]</a> Based on research by the <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Strategic_Dialogue" title="Institute for Strategic Dialogue">Institute for Strategic Dialogue</a>, from January 28 to February 5, a link to the original Freedom Convoy GoFundMe campaign was posted at least two dozen times on <a href="/wiki/4chan" title="4chan">4chan</a>. According to Politico, white supremacist channels on <a href="/wiki/Telegram_(software)" title="Telegram (software)">Telegram</a> also repeatedly shared the link.<a href="#cite_note-Scott_20220207-85">[81]</a> Once the Emergencies Act had been invoked, all crowdfunding platforms or payment providers hosting fundraising related to the convoy were required to register with the <a href="/wiki/Financial_Transactions_and_Reports_Analysis_Centre_of_Canada" title="Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada">Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada</a>. Banks were given the power to freeze accounts of those suspected to be involved in the blockades.<a href="#cite_note-CBCEMA-86">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-2022-02-14-FP-freeze-funds-without-court-order-87">[83]</a> On March 3, GoFundMe executive Juan Benitez testified to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a> that 86 per cent of the donors to the original GoFundMe campaign were Canadian, and 88 per cent of the donated funds to the original campaign were from Canadians. Benitez added that GoFundMe did not identify any donors to the campaign that were affiliated with terrorist or organized crime groups.<a href="#cite_note-stctv-88">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vaccine_mandates_and_passports">Vaccine mandates and passports</h3></div> During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, vaccine mandates targeting federal public servants in the Core Public Administration were announced by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau in October 2021.<a href="#cite_note-GC_PM_20211006-89">[85]</a> Many government departments and organizations faced forced administrative leaves without pay if they failed to ensure employees were vaccinated by October 30, 2021.<a href="#cite_note-GC_PM_20211006-89">[85]</a> Many of the Provinces implemented their own vaccine mandates and passports at their own discretion, separate from the Federal mandates.<a href="#cite_note-90">[86]</a> In a February 11 <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a> interview with Canadian Labour Minister, <a href="/wiki/Seamus_O%27Regan" title="Seamus O'Regan">Seamus O'Regan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amanda_Lang" title="Amanda Lang">Amanda Lang</a> said that "a lot of the mandates being protested here are [not federal but] provincial mandates".<a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg_20220209-91">[87]</a> O'Regan clarified that "jurisdiction is clearly laid out in our Constitution"<a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg_20220209-91">[87]</a> which describes the separation of powers at federal, provincial and territorial levels.<a href="#cite_note-LoP_Tiedemann_20110922-92">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg_20220209-91">[87]</a> Under the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_Act,_1867" title="Constitution Act, 1867">Constitution Act</a>, health is the responsibility of the provinces and territories.<a href="#cite_note-LoP_Tiedemann_20191217-93">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-AaseWaring2017-94">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-LeattMapa2003-95">[91]</a>: 81  COVID-19-related responses, including those related to vaccinations are the responsibility of provinces and territories who provide free health services in their own jurisdictions.<a href="#cite_note-LeattMapa2003-95">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bégin1988-96">[92]</a> At the federal level, dialogues were undertaken with other <a href="/wiki/Group_of_Seven" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Seven">Group of Seven</a> nations, the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">International Civil Aviation Organization</a> regarding passports—"reliable and secure" "proof of vaccination credentials".<a href="#cite_note-97">[93]</a> Regulations regarding international borders are reciprocal; they are enacted and enforced by both countries who share the border, involving federal agencies including <a href="/wiki/Transport_Canada" title="Transport Canada">Transport Canada</a>, and in the United States, Homeland Security and CDC. For example, some provincial and territorial governments imposed "tougher lockdowns" to attempt to slow the spread of Covid-19. <a href="#cite_note-DHS-98">[94]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vaccination_requirements_for_US–Canada_cross-border_travel">Vaccination requirements for US–Canada cross-border travel</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_mandates_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 vaccination mandates in Canada">COVID-19 vaccination mandates in Canada</a></div> These new <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">United States Department of Homeland Security</a> regulations, released in October 2021, were regarding cross-border travel between the Canada and the United States and were based on guidance from the <a href="/wiki/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Centers for Disease Control and Prevention">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a>. To prevent supply chain disruptions, the DHS allowed for a window of four months—until January 22, 2022—for Canadian truckers to get fully vaccinated against COVID-19.<a href="#cite_note-DHS-98">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-DHS1-99">[95]</a> On November 19, 2021, the <a href="/wiki/Public_Health_Agency_of_Canada" title="Public Health Agency of Canada">Public Health Agency of Canada</a> announced upcoming adjustments to Canada's border measures.<a href="#cite_note-100">[96]</a> This would include the requirement for essential service providers, including truck drivers, to be fully vaccinated after January 15, 2022. The announcement clarified that unvaccinated or partially vaccinated foreign national truck drivers would be prohibited from entering Canada after that date. Unvaccinated Canadian truck drivers could enter Canada but would have to quarantine for two weeks. According to the Canadian Press and CBC, as of January 22, the mandates would impact an estimated 26,000 unvaccinated truckers of the 160,000 truck drivers who regularly cross the border in both the United States and Canada.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_CBSA20220121-101">[97]</a> When asked in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a> to produce data linking truckers to COVID-19 infections in Canada, neither the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Health_(Canada)" title="Minister of Health (Canada)">minister of health</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Yves_Duclos" title="Jean-Yves Duclos">Jean-Yves Duclos</a> nor the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Public_Health_Officer_of_Canada" title="Chief Public Health Officer of Canada">chief public health officer</a> <a href="/wiki/Theresa_Tam" title="Theresa Tam">Theresa Tam</a> were able to do so.<a href="#cite_note-Global2-102">[98]</a> An October 21, 2021, federal briefing said that the provinces and territories—who hold all of the vaccination information—are responsible for providing the vaccine passport that Canadians needed to travel internationally, using "existing provincial proof of vaccination systems".<a href="#cite_note-103">[99]</a> By 2022, all provinces and territories had "vaccine passports with the QR code that meets the recommended Canadian standard for domestic and international travel".<a href="#cite_note-104">[100]</a> There is no <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_mandates_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 vaccination mandates in Canada">federal mandate for COVID-19 vaccines in Canada</a>. With healthcare capacity spread "too thin" during the "rising fifth wave driven by the Omicron variant" in early January 2022, federal Health Minister <a href="/wiki/Jean-Yves_Duclos" title="Jean-Yves Duclos">Jean-Yves Duclos</a>'s suggestion of mandatory COVID-19 vaccines was rejected by Alberta Premier <a href="/wiki/Jason_Kenney" title="Jason Kenney">Jason Kenney</a>, whose government had removed the power of mandatory vaccination from the province's Public Health Act, to ensure there could not be a vaccine mandate.<a href="#cite_note-105">[101]</a> Since October 29, proof of vaccination has been mandatory for employees of federal public services and federally-regulated industries including banking.<a href="#cite_note-Bensadoun_20220109-106">[102]</a> By early January, in these public sectors, those "without proof, or an exemption on medical or religious grounds, has been put on unpaid leave".<a href="#cite_note-Bensadoun_20220109-106">[102]</a> Since the end of October, Canadians who wish to travel domestically on cruise ships or by VIA Rail trains have been required to prove they are fully vaccinated or have a negative COVID-19 test.<a href="#cite_note-Bensadoun_20220109-106">[102]</a> The January 15 enforcement of the vaccination requirement applies to truckers who are entering Canada at international border crossings.<a href="#cite_note-Smith_20220105-107">[103]</a> Since January 15, unvaccinated American cross-border truckers have been denied entry into Canada. Canadian truckers who are not fully vaccinated "have to show proof of a negative PCR test collected within 72 hours of arriving at the border"; they also "need to quarantine after arrival".<a href="#cite_note-Weisgarber_20220115-108">[104]</a> Unvaccinated Canadian truckers can still work in Canada, unless their individual employer requires vaccination. As of January 5, the federal government had announced plans for a vaccine mandate for federally-regulated domestic fleets that cross provincial borders. At that time, no final date was set for those rules.<a href="#cite_note-Smith_20220105-107">[103]</a> A widely-shared January 12 miscommunication sent to the media from a <a href="/wiki/Canada_Border_Services_Agency" title="Canada Border Services Agency">Canada Border Services Agency</a> spokesperson, that erroneously announced that the anticipated January 15 cross-border trucker vaccine mandate would not come into effect, was immediately retracted as an error.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_CBSA20220121-101">[97]</a> The "botched messaging" created "chaos and confusion."<a href="#cite_note-CBC_CBSA20220121-101">[97]</a> A reciprocal vaccination requirement for the cross-border trucking industry has been in place since January 22, when the United States enforced theirs, affecting unvaccinated American truckers returning to the United States. Unvaccinated Canadian truckers are denied entry to the United States.<a href="#cite_note-DHS-98">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-DHS1-99">[95]</a> In a February 11 update, federal Health Minister <a href="/wiki/Jean-Yves_Duclos" title="Jean-Yves Duclos">Jean-Yves Duclos</a> alongside Dr. Tam, said that the worst was behind us, most new cases were community-driven, and cross-border restrictions were less effective. Duclos announced an update on health restrictions in the following week.<a href="#cite_note-Lavery_Connolly_20220211-109">[105]</a> Of the total number of 160,000 licensed truck drivers who serve cross-border routes, 120,000 are Canadian and 40,000 are American. Of the 120,000 Canadian truckers, <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Trucking_Alliance" title="Canadian Trucking Alliance">Canadian Trucking Alliance</a> estimates that 85 per cent are already vaccinated against COVID-19,<a href="#cite_note-TorstarGofundme22-110">[106]</a> and that "as many as 12,000 to 16,000" Canadian truckers may not be able to work those cross-border routes because they are unvaccinated.<a href="#cite_note-Weisgarber_20220115-108">[104]</a> In total, including the potential American cross-border truckers, these mandates could result in 26,000 of the 160,000 drivers in both countries who have been regularly running cross-border routes, losing that privilege.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_CBSA20220121-101">[97]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Convoy_to_Ottawa">Convoy to Ottawa</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Canada_convoy_protest" title="Timeline of the Canada convoy protest">Timeline of the Canada convoy protest</a></div> The first convoy departed <a href="/wiki/Prince_Rupert,_British_Columbia" title="Prince Rupert, British Columbia">Prince Rupert</a> on January 22, arriving in <a href="/wiki/Prince_George,_British_Columbia" title="Prince George, British Columbia">Prince George</a> in the evening. The following day, another convoy left from <a href="/wiki/Delta,_British_Columbia" title="Delta, British Columbia">Delta</a> with supporters gathering along <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Highway_1" title="British Columbia Highway 1">Highway 1</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Trans-Canada_Highway" title="Trans-Canada Highway">Trans-Canada Highway</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SIN-111">[107]</a> On January 24, a convoy drove through <a href="/wiki/Regina,_Saskatchewan" title="Regina, Saskatchewan">Regina, Saskatchewan</a>, and was greeted by supporters.<a href="#cite_note-112">[108]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Regina_Police_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Regina Police Service">police in Regina</a>, about 1,200 vehicles reached the city.<a href="#cite_note-BigGreeting-113">[109]</a> On January 25, another convoy passed through <a href="/wiki/Kenora" title="Kenora">Kenora</a>, Ontario, where <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Provincial_Police" title="Ontario Provincial Police">Ontario Provincial Police</a> (OPP) in contact with the convoy stated that 200–300 vehicles would be passing through Kenora.<a href="#cite_note-114">[110]</a> The convoys consisted of three main routes across Canada, which would converge for the Ottawa protest on the weekend.<a href="#cite_note-115">[111]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Police_Service" title="Ottawa Police Service">Ottawa Police Service</a> estimated up to 2,000 demonstrators in the city on the weekend.<a href="#cite_note-116">[112]</a> As of January 26, the OPP estimated approximately 400 vehicles had entered Ontario from the Manitoba border as part of the eastbound convoy.<a href="#cite_note-auto-117">[113]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Kingston_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingston Police">Kingston Police</a> estimated approximately 300 vehicles (17 full tractor-trailers, 104 tractors without trailers, 424 passenger vehicles and six RVs) to go through Kingston.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-36">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Need_to_know-35">[31]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Freedom_Convoy_in_Halton_region_Jan_27.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Freedom_Convoy_in_Halton_region_Jan_27.png/220px-Freedom_Convoy_in_Halton_region_Jan_27.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Freedom_Convoy_in_Halton_region_Jan_27.png/330px-Freedom_Convoy_in_Halton_region_Jan_27.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Freedom_Convoy_in_Halton_region_Jan_27.png/440px-Freedom_Convoy_in_Halton_region_Jan_27.png 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1370" /></a><figcaption>Part of the convoy moving through <a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Halton" title="Regional Municipality of Halton">Halton Region</a> in Ontario.</figcaption></figure> On January 27, <a href="/wiki/David_Akin" title="David Akin">David Akin</a>, a reporter for <a href="/wiki/Global_News" title="Global News">Global News</a>, tweeted that a convoy that had arrived that day in <a href="/wiki/Thunder_Bay" title="Thunder Bay">Thunder Bay</a> from <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg" title="Winnipeg">Winnipeg</a> consisted of 113 commercial vehicles and 276 personal vehicles, citing the OPP.<a href="#cite_note-Snopes-118">[114]</a> Winter weather closed a portion of <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_17" title="Ontario Highway 17">Highway 17</a>, (the main route of the Trans-Canada) in northern Ontario, causing the eastbound convoy to be divided. Some of the truckers continued on to <a href="/wiki/Sault_Ste._Marie,_Ontario" title="Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario">Sault Ste. Marie</a>, while others diverted to <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_11" title="Ontario Highway 11">Highway 11</a> (a northern branch of the TCH) and drove toward <a href="/wiki/Cochrane,_Ontario" title="Cochrane, Ontario">Cochrane</a>.<a href="#cite_note-119">[115]</a> Also on January 27, a fatal crash occurred near <a href="/wiki/Chatham,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatham, Ontario">Chatham, Ontario</a>. OPP officers later identified the convoy movement as a contributing factor to the incident.<a href="#cite_note-auto9-120">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto13-121">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto12-122">[118]</a> Truckers from the <a href="/wiki/Maritimes" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritimes">Maritime provinces</a> planned to meet in <a href="/wiki/Moncton" title="Moncton">Moncton</a> before departing for Ottawa.<a href="#cite_note-123">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[120]</a> On the morning of January 27, supporters gathered in <a href="/wiki/Enfield,_Nova_Scotia" title="Enfield, Nova Scotia">Enfield, Nova Scotia</a>, where fireworks were set off as 10 to 15 trucks departed for the New Brunswick border.<a href="#cite_note-125">[121]</a> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police" title="Royal Canadian Mounted Police">RCMP</a> in PEI reported that approximately 70 trucks and supporters' vehicles crossed the <a href="/wiki/Confederation_Bridge" title="Confederation Bridge">Confederation Bridge</a> into New Brunswick, but that most immediately turned around and returned to the island.<a href="#cite_note-126">[122]</a> About 24 trucks reportedly passed through <a href="/wiki/Fredericton" title="Fredericton">Fredericton</a> in the afternoon, bound for Ottawa.<a href="#cite_note-127">[123]</a> On January 27, one convoy group passed through the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Toronto_Area" title="Greater Toronto Area">Greater Toronto Area</a>. Hundreds of protesters gathered at highway overpasses in support of the convoy.<a href="#cite_note-128">[124]</a> On January 28, a convoy was seen passing through <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto3-129">[125]</a> About 600 convoy vehicles were expected to stay the night in <a href="/wiki/Arnprior" title="Arnprior">Arnprior</a> before heading to <a href="/wiki/Parliament_Hill" title="Parliament Hill">Parliament Hill</a> the following morning.<a href="#cite_note-600FreedomVehicles-6">[6]</a> On January 28, the province of <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a> banned gatherings along highways, specifically on the Trans-Canada (<a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia_Highway_104" title="Nova Scotia Highway 104">Highway 104</a>) between the Nova Scotia and <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a> border, in relation to protests related to the freedom convoy.<a href="#cite_note-130">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ottawa_protest">Ottawa protest</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Canada_convoy_protest" title="Timeline of the Canada convoy protest">Timeline of the Canada convoy protest</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peak_size_of_Parliament_Hill_demonstration">Peak size of Parliament Hill demonstration</h3></div> According to the Ottawa Police Service, crowd estimates ranged from 5,000 to 18,000 protesters on January 29,<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220131-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Coletta_20220131-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-133">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto6-11">[11]</a> dwindling to approximately 3,000 demonstrators the following day.<a href="#cite_note-auto2-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kelety-134">[130]</a> By February 1, they estimated as few as 250 protesters remained.<a href="#cite_note-auto2-10">[10]</a> On February 9, <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Dale" title="Daniel Dale">Daniel Dale</a> fact-checked numerous claims about the protests in general. Dale echoed the previous claims by police, adding that there was also an estimated 200 vehicles from the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_provinces" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic provinces">Atlantic provinces</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FactCheckCNN-135">[131]</a> Some Facebook posts claimed as many as 50,000 trucks would be participating in the convoys.<a href="#cite_note-Snopes-118">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-Warmington-136">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fleury-137">[133]</a> On his blog, Fox News commentator <a href="/wiki/Sean_Hannity" title="Sean Hannity">Sean Hannity</a> reported that the convoy was made up of 10,000 heavy trucks,<a href="#cite_note-Hannity-138">[134]</a> and Joe Warmington of the Toronto Sun reported that the event may set a <a href="/wiki/Guinness_World_Records" title="Guinness World Records">Guinness World Record</a> for the largest truck convoy on record.<a href="#cite_note-Warmington-136">[132]</a> These claims were grossly exaggerated.<a href="#cite_note-Kelety-134">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-Snopes-118">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-AFPfactcheck-139">[135]</a> Claims that the truck convoy "made the <a href="/wiki/Guinness_Book_of_World_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Guinness Book of World Records">Guinness Book of World Records</a>" are also false; the current record is 480 trucks, set in <a href="/wiki/Cairo,_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairo, Egypt">Cairo, Egypt</a> in 2020, and the Freedom Convoy did not submit an application for an attempt at setting a new record.<a href="#cite_note-AFPfactcheck-139">[135]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Desecration_and_community_harassment">Desecration and community harassment</h3></div> Various images of specific acts during January 29 received wide condemnation. Images of a Canadian flag marked with a <a href="/wiki/Swastika" title="Swastika">swastika</a> were seen,<a href="#cite_note-Vancouver-Sun-Fox-140">[136]</a> as was a <a href="/wiki/Confederate_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Confederate flag">Confederate flag</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ap20220130-141">[137]</a> Protesters were seen drinking and dancing on the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Tomb_of_the_Unknown_Soldier" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Tomb of the Unknown Soldier">Tomb of the Unknown Soldier</a> at the <a href="/wiki/National_War_Memorial_(Canada)" title="National War Memorial (Canada)">National War Memorial</a>. Chief of the Defence Staff Gen. <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Eyre" title="Wayne Eyre">Wayne Eyre</a> described it as a desecration, and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Legion" title="Royal Canadian Legion">Royal Canadian Legion</a> condemned the actions.<a href="#cite_note-142">[138]</a> A statue of cancer fundraiser <a href="/wiki/Terry_Fox" title="Terry Fox">Terry Fox</a> was decorated with an upside-down Canadian flag and a protest sign. The <a href="/wiki/Terry_Fox_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Terry Fox Foundation">Terry Fox Foundation</a> said Fox "believed in science and gave his life to help others".<a href="#cite_note-Vancouver-Sun-Fox-140">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[139]</a> The statue was cleaned later by other protesters.<a href="#cite_note-144">[140]</a> Some protesters harassed volunteers at a local <a href="/wiki/Soup_kitchen" title="Soup kitchen">soup kitchen</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Shepherds_of_Good_Hope" title="Shepherds of Good Hope">Shepherds of Good Hope</a>, demanding free food intended for Ottawa's homeless population.<a href="#cite_note-145">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-CTV-2022-01-30-braces-for-146">[142]</a> The kitchen tweeted: "One member of our shelter community was assaulted by protesters. A security guard went to his aid and was threatened and called <a href="/wiki/List_of_ethnic_slurs" title="List of ethnic slurs">racial slurs</a>."<a href="#cite_note-Soup_Kitchen-147">[143]</a> Its press release said trucks were towed after blocking its ambulance drop-off zone for around half a day.<a href="#cite_note-CTV-2022-01-30-braces-for-146">[142]</a> Ottawa residents described being afraid and feeling trapped in their homes as the trucks spilled over from the Parliament Hill area into surrounding residential areas.<a href="#cite_note-148">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[145]</a> Some Ottawa businesses near Parliament Hill closed around the time of the convoy's arrival out of an abundance of caution while other businesses took a wait and see approach causing some to close down after staff were harassed or attacked by convoy participants for wearing a mask or due to racism.<a href="#cite_note-150">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[147]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Police_Service" title="Ottawa Police Service">Ottawa police</a> reported that they had received hundreds of calls for service from residents, made some arrests, and in partnership with by-law services had issued tickets to convoy participants for actions impacting residents such as excessive honking, and use of fireworks, in addition to tickets for driving specific infractions.<a href="#cite_note-152">[148]</a> “Evidence provided to the commission showed the noise levels outside their homes reached 100 decibels at times — about as loud as a lawn mower”, enough to cause a local resident to later testify at the Emergencies Act Inquiry that she had experienced ”a assault on my hearing”.<a href="#cite_note-CityNews_2022_m255-153">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-Jordan_Forde_2023_i078-154">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[151]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ottawa_protests_and_entrenchment">Ottawa protests and entrenchment</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Freedom_Convoy_protest_2_mosbo6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Freedom_Convoy_protest_2_mosbo6.jpg/220px-Freedom_Convoy_protest_2_mosbo6.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Freedom_Convoy_protest_2_mosbo6.jpg/330px-Freedom_Convoy_protest_2_mosbo6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Freedom_Convoy_protest_2_mosbo6.jpg/440px-Freedom_Convoy_protest_2_mosbo6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1939" data-file-height="1456" /></a><figcaption>Protester vehicles lined up in the periphery of the National War Memorial on January 31</figcaption></figure> The January 29 protest had a party-like atmosphere, with some handing out coffee and cookies and consuming beer and marijuana.<a href="#cite_note-GMJan29-156">[152]</a> Protesters <a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">barbecued food</a>, played <a href="/wiki/Street_hockey" title="Street hockey">hockey</a>, and set up <a href="/wiki/Inflatable_castle" title="Inflatable castle">bouncy castles</a> for their children to play in.<a href="#cite_note-157">[153]</a> Ottawa Police reported de-escalating multiple "high-risk situations," but made no arrests.<a href="#cite_note-CTV-2022-01-30-braces-for-146">[142]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Freedom_Convoy_protest_mosbo6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Freedom_Convoy_protest_mosbo6.jpg/220px-Freedom_Convoy_protest_mosbo6.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Freedom_Convoy_protest_mosbo6.jpg/330px-Freedom_Convoy_protest_mosbo6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Freedom_Convoy_protest_mosbo6.jpg/440px-Freedom_Convoy_protest_mosbo6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2173" data-file-height="1630" /></a><figcaption>Rideau Street in Ottawa on January 31</figcaption></figure> During this first weekend of protest in Ottawa, the city's COVID-19 wastewater signal indicated a sharp increase in COVID-19 cases, suggesting a possible link between the gathering of protesters and the spread of COVID-19.<a href="#cite_note-158">[154]</a> A January 31 press conference was held at an undisclosed location, open only to invited right-wing outlets.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_Tunney_20220130-159">[155]</a> The House of Commons resumed on January 31, after the holiday break.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_Tunney_20220130-159">[155]</a> On January 31, Ottawa Paramedics announced that protesters had thrown rocks at an ambulance over the course of the weekend and called paramedics racial slurs. Paramedics had treated 19 people over the course of the weekend, mostly due to alcohol-related intoxication.<a href="#cite_note-160">[156]</a> Healthcare workers and patients reported that they had difficulty getting to hospitals, thanks to jammed bridges. Some healthcare workers had to stay in hotel rooms near the hospitals. Many staff members from the <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Hospital_of_Eastern_Ontario" title="Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario">Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario</a> (CHEO) felt besieged, and expressed concerns about swastikas and other symbols of hate displayed by protesters.<a href="#cite_note-161">[157]</a> On the afternoon of January 31, Sloly said that "The situation of the demonstration has scaled down over the last 12 hours" and that "We want that trend to continue until this demonstration comes to a complete end. I cannot guarantee you that right now but I can guarantee that every effort at negotiation, coordination, de-escalation, has continued throughout the last four days and will continue until the complete end of this demonstration."<a href="#cite_note-What_Today-162">[158]</a> On February 1, large downtown Ottawa amenities like the <a href="/wiki/Rideau_Centre" title="Rideau Centre">Rideau Centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_City_Hall" title="Ottawa City Hall">Ottawa City Hall</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/National_Arts_Centre" title="National Arts Centre">National Arts Centre</a> continued to stay closed due to security concerns. Ottawa police set up a hotline for hate-motivated crimes to be reported.<a href="#cite_note-163">[159]</a> On the night of February 1, Ottawa Police said that about 250 protesters remained around and on Parliament Hill.<a href="#cite_note-Arrest_third-164">[160]</a> Ottawa residents reported numerous incidents where convoy protesters physically assaulted them, or threatened rape or death for wearing masks.<a href="#cite_note-165">[161]</a> A protester threatened to stab a 16-year-old employee at a Tim Hortons in Centretown, after being informed that patrons must wear masks.<a href="#cite_note-166">[162]</a> Convoy supporters physically attacked an Ottawa pastor because he was wearing a mask, and they routinely urinated on his church. The Ottawa People’s Commission documented many alleged hate crimes, including an incident where an Ottawa resident of Asian ancestry was beaten by three convoy supporters, after being asked to perform a dragon dance.<a href="#cite_note-167">[163]</a> In a separate incident, two convoy supporters yelled anti-Asian slurs at an employee of a downtown ice cream shop, because they were wearing a mask as they walked to work. The two men then threw the employee to the ground. Because of safety concerns, the shop closed for an extended period of time.<a href="#cite_note-168">[164]</a> A video circulated showing protesters appropriating <a href="/wiki/First_Nations_in_Canada" title="First Nations in Canada">First Nations</a> drumming while dancing, drinking beer, and chanting "<a href="/wiki/The_Flintstones" title="The Flintstones">yabba dabba doo</a>" and "fuck Trudeau".<a href="#cite_note-APTNsoft-169">[165]</a> Senator and <a href="/wiki/Mi%27kmaq" title="Mi'kmaq">Mi'kmaq</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Brian_Francis_(politician)" title="Brian Francis (politician)">Brian Francis</a> tweeted: "I am disgusted, appalled and saddened. This blatant act of racism must be vehemently condemned by all. Drumming is sacred to all First Nations. Our ways of life should never be mimicked, mocked and appropriated for political or other gain."<a href="#cite_note-Soft_police-170">[166]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Algonquins_of_Pikw%C3%A0kanag%C3%A0n_First_Nation" title="Algonquins of Pikwàkanagàn First Nation">Algonquins of Pikwàkanagàn First Nation</a>, whose <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_land_title_in_Canada" title="Aboriginal land title in Canada">traditional unceded territory</a> includes the city of Ottawa, issued a statement condemning protesters who held an Indigenous <a href="/wiki/Pipe_ceremony" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipe ceremony">pipe ceremony</a> and set up a <a href="/wiki/Tepee" class="mw-redirect" title="Tepee">tepee</a> in the city's <a href="/wiki/Confederation_Park" title="Confederation Park">Confederation Park</a> without the First Nation's permission on February 2.<a href="#cite_note-APTNAlgonquin-171">[167]</a> On February 2, organizers of the protest said that they would not leave Ottawa until governments across Canada "end all mandates associated with COVID-19" and will stay "as long as it takes for freedom to be restored".<a href="#cite_note-Arrest_third-164">[160]</a> On February 3, the protesters started building a wooden structure in Confederation Park and gathering fuel supplies.<a href="#cite_note-Trudeaunomilitaryyet-172">[168]</a> Social media reports suggested that the structure is intended to serve as a community kitchen for the protesters.<a href="#cite_note-173">[169]</a> On February 6, Ottawa Police promised to increase enforcement on protesters, including handing out tickets and arresting anyone who attempts to bring material aid, such as fuel, to protesters. A <a href="/wiki/States_of_emergency_in_Canada" title="States of emergency in Canada">state of emergency</a> was declared by the City of Ottawa on the same day. In a statement, the city said that its declaration "reflects the serious danger and threat to the safety and security of residents posed by the demonstrations and highlights the need for support from other jurisdictions and levels of government". On the evening of February 6, Police performed a raid on a stockpile hub of supplies for protesters, seizing fuel and making two arrests for mischief.<a href="#cite_note-auto10-174">[170]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2022_Ottawa_convoy_supply_truck.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/2022_Ottawa_convoy_supply_truck.jpg/220px-2022_Ottawa_convoy_supply_truck.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/2022_Ottawa_convoy_supply_truck.jpg/330px-2022_Ottawa_convoy_supply_truck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/2022_Ottawa_convoy_supply_truck.jpg/440px-2022_Ottawa_convoy_supply_truck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1856" data-file-height="1420" /></a><figcaption>A protester with Canadian and American flags loads up on supplies in Ottawa</figcaption></figure> An emergency debate of the House of Commons was held on the night of February 7, at the request of NDP leader Jagmeet Singh. Trudeau stated that the convoy is "trying to blockade our economy, our democracy and our fellow citizens' daily lives. It has to stop." Transport minister Omar Alghabra used the debate to encourage <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Ontario" title="Premier of Ontario">Ontario Premier</a> <a href="/wiki/Doug_Ford" title="Doug Ford">Doug Ford</a> to use regulatory powers to discourage the occupation, such as suspending commercial licences or insurance of the truckers.<a href="#cite_note-175">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-176">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[173]</a> As of February 7, the <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Aid_Society_(Ontario)" title="Children's Aid Society (Ontario)">Children's Aid Society</a> (CAS) was working with the OPS to ensure the welfare and safety of the children who are living in about 25 per cent of the 418 convoy trucks, according to Ottawa Police Deputy Chief Steve Bell.<a href="#cite_note-Global_News_20220211-178">[174]</a> Concerns were raised about sanitation, noise levels, and fumes.<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-08-CTV-Ottawa-179">[175]</a> According to the Canadian Press, there were about 100 children living in the convoy trucks as of February 8.<a href="#cite_note-Osman_20220208-180">[176]</a> Bell said that the presence of children is an "important factor" complicating a "challenging operation".<a href="#cite_note-Osman_20220208-180">[176]</a> By February 9, people with police, military and survivalist experience had helped the protesters set up camp with tents and wooden kitchens, creating a supply chain to ensure continued protest.<a href="#cite_note-trinh-181">[177]</a> The logistic centre at the <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Chabot_Grant_Thornton_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Raymond Chabot Grant Thornton Park">Raymond Chabot Grant Thornton Park</a> (RCGP) baseball stadium includes trailers of food, tents, toilets and distribution points for gasoline and propane.<a href="#cite_note-trinh-181">[177]</a> The Freedom Convoy's head of security and spokesman is <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bulford" title="Daniel Bulford">Daniel Bulford</a>, a former RCMP officer who served on Prime Minister Trudeau's security detail.<a href="#cite_note-Reuters_20220210-182">[178]</a> Police on Guard, a Facebook group of about 100 police officers, mainly retired, and 50 soldiers endorse the convoy.<a href="#cite_note-trinh-181">[177]</a> Two serving members of the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Task_Force_2" title="Joint Task Force 2">Joint Task Force 2</a> (JTF2) are under investigation for alleged involvement.<a href="#cite_note-Pugliese_20220213-183">[179]</a> On February 10, leaders of the Freedom Convoy declared February 11 an "<a href="/wiki/Orange_Shirt_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Orange Shirt Day">Orange Shirt Day</a>" and called for student walkouts to end COVID-19 restrictions in schools. Indigenous leaders condemned this announcement as misappropriation.<a href="#cite_note-184">[180]</a> On Day 15, February 11, <a href="/wiki/Doug_Ford" title="Doug Ford">Doug Ford</a> declared a state of emergency in Ontario as protesters continued to occupy the Ambassador Bridge, while Ford referred to the situation in <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Ottawa" title="Downtown Ottawa">downtown Ottawa</a> as a "siege".<a href="#cite_note-185">[181]</a> By February 12, police had cleared trucks from the bridge,<a href="#cite_note-MacDonald_20220212-186">[182]</a> with busloads of police, some with heavy weapons, and an armoured vehicle.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_20220212a-187">[183]</a> By day 14, February 10, the newest tactic was "convoy circles". Ottawa-Centre MPP Joel Harden noted that a "convoy organizer" had been encouraging protesters to form them around public schools in Ottawa.<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-10-911-188">[184]</a> A group of about 60 convoy vehicles headed to the <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Macdonald%E2%80%93Cartier_International_Airport" title="Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport">Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport</a> at 8 am, slow-circling it, honking and blocking traffic until about 10 am, then returned to their Coventry Road,<a href="#cite_note-189">[185]</a> one of three Ottawa protest encampments.<a href="#cite_note-190">[186]</a> Chief Stoly said many "vexatious calls" from the United States to <a href="/wiki/9-1-1" class="mw-redirect" title="9-1-1">9-1-1</a> flooded the system and endangered lives.<a href="#cite_note-Connolly_Lord_20220210-191">[187]</a> Mayor Watson sent a letter to Tamara Lich and Keith Wilson to negotiate terms with protesters.<a href="#cite_note-Cochrane_20220212-192">[188]</a> On February 13 afternoon, Mayor Watson's Office said that they had reached an agreement with protesters limiting the protest perimeter to "Wellington Street, between Elgin Street and the Sir John A. Macdonald Parkway" to "reduce pressure on residents and businesses". Truckers will leave residential neighbourhoods.<a href="#cite_note-Pringle_20220213-193">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-Cochrane_20220212-192">[188]</a> On February 15, Ottawa Police Chief Peter Sloly resigned after weeks of criticism aimed at his handling of the protests.<a href="#cite_note-194">[190]</a> Demonstrating another <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada#Public_perception_and_understanding" title="Monarchy of Canada">misunderstanding of the functions</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">Canadian monarchy</a>, many involved in the protest called and emailed the office of the Governor General to pressure her into unconstitutionally dismissing Trudeau or dissolving Parliament, leading to Simon making a rare public statement on the role of the governor general. Constitutional scholar Philippe Lagassé pointed to that as "evidence of a recent trend in protest movements", saying, "it has become routine in Canadian politics to write a letter to the Queen, Governor General, or a lieutenant governor asking them to exercise their powers in some way, contrary to constitutional conventions. This is political theatre, no more."<a href="#cite_note-195">[191]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_clearance">After clearance</h3></div> Organizers <a href="/wiki/Christopher_John_Barber" title="Christopher John Barber">Chris Barber</a> and Tamara Lich were each arrested on February 17. Lich's bank account had previously been frozen.<a href="#cite_note-LichBarberarrest-196">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-197">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-198">[194]</a> Organizer <a href="/wiki/Pat_King_(activist)" title="Pat King (activist)">Pat King</a> was later arrested on February 18, and an Alberta woman in the convoy, Kerry Komix, offered $50,000 for bail.<a href="#cite_note-199">[195]</a> The Crown lawyer noted that allowing her to act as surety was like "one thief being tasked to supervise another burglar."<a href="#cite_note-200">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-201">[197]</a> Komix was listed as the co-creator of a crypto donation platform.<a href="#cite_note-202">[198]</a> King was denied bail on February 25, after the presiding Justice ruled that Komix was not suitable surety, and expressed concern that King had a high risk of reoffending.<a href="#cite_note-203">[199]</a> On February 28, a convoy leader from High Prairie, Alberta named <a href="/wiki/Tyson_Billings" title="Tyson Billings">Tyson 'Freedom George' Billings</a> was denied bail.<a href="#cite_note-204">[200]</a> Various nearby rural areas became new encampments for the protesters. More than fifty trucks moved to a truck stop in <a href="/wiki/Champlain,_Ontario" title="Champlain, Ontario">Champlain Township</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Vankleek_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Vankleek Hill">Vankleek Hill</a>, immediately following the Ottawa clearance.<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-20-CBC-cleanup-crews-205">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-207">[203]</a> In interviews, those at the site mention plans to continue the convoy, with no specifics.<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-21-uncertain-208">[204]</a> Sites have also opened in <a href="/wiki/Trent_Lakes" title="Trent Lakes">Trent Lakes</a> and near Kinburn, in <a href="/wiki/West_Carleton-March_Ward" title="West Carleton-March Ward">West Carleton-March Ward</a>.<a href="#cite_note-209">[205]</a> (Protesters originally intended to use the Arnprior Airport.)<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-22-Eganville-Leader-210">[206]</a> As of February 17, 2022, a farm in <a href="/wiki/Russell_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Russell Township, Ontario">Russell Township</a>, outside of <a href="/wiki/Embrun,_Ontario" title="Embrun, Ontario">Embrun</a>, continued to be used by truckers as a convoy base camp. The Ontario Provincial Police is monitoring the site.<a href="#cite_note-211">[207]</a><a href="#cite_note-212">[208]</a> As of February 20, the site near Kinburn remained active.<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-22-Eganville-Leader-210">[206]</a> Prime Minister Trudeau has commented, saying the groups were showing a "desire or an openness" to return.<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-23-GM-ending-the-use-74">[70]</a> "A few days" before February 21, a convoy from <a href="/wiki/Fort_McMurray,_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort McMurray, Alberta">Fort McMurray, Alberta</a> was turned away at the Manitoba border.<a href="#cite_note-213">[209]</a> At a special meeting of the Ottawa Police Services Board on February 24, Acting Chief Bell feels the Highway Traffic Act and other laws would be enough to manage a possible return, despite removal of the Emergencies Act.<a href="#cite_note-214">[210]</a><a href="#cite_note-2022-02-24-le-droit-215">[211]</a> On March 5, a <a href="/wiki/Human_chain_(politics)" title="Human chain (politics)">human chain</a> was formed along Wellington Street, as a "freedom protest." Some later relocated to the <a href="/wiki/Ottawa-Carleton_Detention_Centre" title="Ottawa-Carleton Detention Centre">Ottawa-Carleton Detention Centre</a>, demanding Lich and King be released. Ottawa residents protested the delayed police response.<a href="#cite_note-216">[212]</a> On March 26, a convoy demonstration from Quebec made what police called a "symbolic passage" through downtown Ottawa on its way to <a href="/wiki/Vankleek_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Vankleek Hill">Vankleek Hill</a>.<a href="#cite_note-217">[213]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_blockades">Major blockades</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Canada_convoy_protest" title="Timeline of the Canada convoy protest">Timeline of the Canada convoy protest</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alberta–Montana">Alberta–Montana</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2022_alleged_plot_to_kill_Coutts_RCMP_officers" title="2022 alleged plot to kill Coutts RCMP officers">2022 alleged plot to kill Coutts RCMP officers</a></div> On January 29, the date that the Freedom Convoy arrived in Ottawa, a group of truckers blockaded the <a href="/wiki/Sweetgrass%E2%80%93Coutts_Border_Crossing" title="Sweetgrass–Coutts Border Crossing">Sweetgrass–Coutts Border Crossing</a>—one of the busiest ports of entry west of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes" title="Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a> which connects <a href="/wiki/Sweet_Grass,_Montana" title="Sweet Grass, Montana">Sweet Grass, Montana</a>, via <a href="/wiki/Interstate_15" title="Interstate 15">US Interstate 15</a> with the village of <a href="/wiki/Coutts,_Alberta" title="Coutts, Alberta">Coutts, Alberta</a>, via <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Highway_4" title="Alberta Highway 4">Alberta Highway 4</a>.<a href="#cite_note-218">[214]</a><a href="#cite_note-219">[215]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a>'s Food Safety and Inspection Service is located at this crossing, making it the principal port of entry for Alberta's large meat industry, and one of three main points where all meat products from the rest of western Canada cross the border, according to the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Meat_Council" title="Canadian Meat Council">Canadian Meat Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-220">[216]</a><a href="#cite_note-GMdefy-221">[217]</a> The group of around 100 protesters demanded an end to all COVID-19 restrictions.<a href="#cite_note-CHCoutts-222">[218]</a><a href="#cite_note-TorStarCoutts-223">[219]</a> The blockade, which extended about 2 km (1.2 mi) into Canada, also blocked public and emergency vehicle access to the village of Coutts, prompting condemnation from the town's mayor.<a href="#cite_note-224">[220]</a> <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Alberta" title="Premier of Alberta">Alberta Premier</a> <a href="/wiki/Jason_Kenney" title="Jason Kenney">Jason Kenney</a> called the blockade illegal, and threatened that protesters would face penalties under the province's <a href="/wiki/Critical_Infrastructure_Defence_Act" title="Critical Infrastructure Defence Act">Critical Infrastructure Defence Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-GMKenney-225">[221]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBCCoutts-226">[222]</a> Alberta RCMP initially negotiated with protesters for a peaceful end to the blockade, and protesters agreed to release about 50 vehicles trapped on Highway 4 and <a href="/wiki/Interstate_15_in_Montana" title="Interstate 15 in Montana">US Interstate 15</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CHCoutts-222">[218]</a> On February 1, police ceased negotiations and demanded that protesters leave the highway, and set up a <a href="/wiki/Police_roadblock" class="mw-redirect" title="Police roadblock">police roadblock</a> on Highway 4 about 20 km (12 mi) north of Coutts.<a href="#cite_note-CBCcalm-20">[19]</a> A few vehicles left, most remained, and several incidents of violence against police and civilians were reported, including protesters <a href="/wiki/Car_ramming_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Car ramming attack">ramming</a> RCMP vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-TorStarCoutts-223">[219]</a> Some vehicles wanting to join the blockade evaded the RCMP roadblock by driving through a ditch and drove south in the highway's northbound lanes, resulting in a <a href="/wiki/Head-on_collision" title="Head-on collision">head-on collision</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CBCcalm-20">[19]</a> The two men involved in the collision were taken to hospital.<a href="#cite_note-227">[223]</a> On February 12, due to ongoing protests, the Canada Border Services Agency suspended all travel at the Coutts border crossing.<a href="#cite_note-228">[224]</a><a href="#cite_note-229">[225]</a> On February 14, RCMP stepped in and arrested 13<a href="#cite_note-auto11-230">[226]</a> people, seizing <a href="/wiki/Long_guns" class="mw-redirect" title="Long guns">long guns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Handguns" class="mw-redirect" title="Handguns">handguns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Body_armour" class="mw-redirect" title="Body armour">body armour</a>, a large amount of ammunition and <a href="/wiki/High_capacity_magazines" class="mw-redirect" title="High capacity magazines">high capacity magazines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-231">[227]</a><a href="#cite_note-232">[228]</a> Four men were subsequently charged with <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_to_murder" title="Conspiracy to murder">conspiracy to murder</a> RCMP officers.<a href="#cite_note-233">[229]</a> The border crossing was reopened on February 15.<a href="#cite_note-auto11-230">[226]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ontario–Michigan">Ontario–Michigan</h3></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trucks_lined_up_on_Ambassador_Bridge_Feb_8.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Trucks_lined_up_on_Ambassador_Bridge_Feb_8.png/150px-Trucks_lined_up_on_Ambassador_Bridge_Feb_8.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Trucks_lined_up_on_Ambassador_Bridge_Feb_8.png/225px-Trucks_lined_up_on_Ambassador_Bridge_Feb_8.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Trucks_lined_up_on_Ambassador_Bridge_Feb_8.png/300px-Trucks_lined_up_on_Ambassador_Bridge_Feb_8.png 2x" data-file-width="624" data-file-height="984" /></a><figcaption>Trucks unable to cross the border, lined up on the Ambassador Bridge February 8, 2022</figcaption></figure> Protesters at the <a href="/wiki/Ambassador_Bridge" title="Ambassador Bridge">Ambassador Bridge</a>, connecting <a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor, Ontario</a>, with Detroit, Michigan, and one of the busiest international border crossings in North America, blockaded the border crossing on February 7.<a href="#cite_note-234">[230]</a> On the evening of February 7, movement at the bridge came to a complete halt.<a href="#cite_note-235">[231]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Blockade" title="Blockade">blockade</a> continued into February 8.<a href="#cite_note-236">[232]</a> On the morning of February 8, officials declared the bridge reopened, but the blockade resumed, pushing trips to the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Water_Bridge" title="Blue Water Bridge">Blue Water Bridge</a> connecting <a href="/wiki/Sarnia" title="Sarnia">Sarnia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Port_Huron,_Michigan" title="Port Huron, Michigan">Port Huron</a>.<a href="#cite_note-237">[233]</a><a href="#cite_note-238">[234]</a> Supply shortages caused by the blockade led to work shortages at <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford Motor Company</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Assembly_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Assembly plant">assembly plants</a> in Oakville and in <a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing, Michigan</a>, and shut down its Windsor plant.<a href="#cite_note-239">[235]</a> Parts manufacturers for <a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">Chrysler</a> were also shut down, and on February 10, <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Motor_Manufacturing_Canada" title="Toyota Motor Manufacturing Canada">Toyota</a> revealed that its three Ontario plants could not produce vehicles for the rest of the week.<a href="#cite_note-AlJazeeraFeb10-240">[236]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Canada" title="Bank of Canada">Bank of Canada</a> warned that the blockade could have a "measurable impact" on the Canadian economy.<a href="#cite_note-AlJazeeraFeb10-240">[236]</a> The Windsor-Essex Children's Aid Society condemned protesters for using children as <a href="/wiki/Human_shields" class="mw-redirect" title="Human shields">human shields</a> during the protest.<a href="#cite_note-241">[237]</a> On the morning of February 12, aided by <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Provincial_Police" title="Ontario Provincial Police">Ontario Provincial Police</a> and the <a href="/wiki/RCMP" class="mw-redirect" title="RCMP">RCMP</a>,<a href="#cite_note-242">[238]</a> Windsor Police began to clear out the blockade using new powers.<a href="#cite_note-NYTlive21222-243">[239]</a> Despite the heavy police presence, by the end of the day on February 12, most protesters remained, although had been pushed much further from the bridge. Police arrested two individuals, towed seven vehicles and issued eleven tickets.<a href="#cite_note-244">[240]</a> On the morning of February 13, joint police forces took control of the area and began to make arrests.<a href="#cite_note-245">[241]</a> In the late evening of February 13, the Ambassador Bridge had fully reopened.<a href="#cite_note-246">[242]</a> 42 arrests were made in total, with 37 vehicles seized.<a href="#cite_note-auto7-23">[21]</a> Windsor Police requested resources from other police organizations on February 9, 2022, after the number of participants climbed to around 100, with between 50 – 70 vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-247">[243]</a> <a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor, Ontario</a>, where the convoy blocked the Ambassador Bridge, intervened in an action by automobile manufacturers in Superior Court for an injunction. Mayor Drew Dilkens declared his intention to clear the bridge with the assistance of police reinforcements.<a href="#cite_note-USA21122-248">[244]</a> An injunction was granted February 11 effective 7 pm.<a href="#cite_note-CBC21122-249">[245]</a> A deadline of midnight was set. Local police were to be employed to clear the bridge.<a href="#cite_note-DN21122-250">[246]</a> At 9 am, police from several Ontario cities, including <a href="/wiki/London,_Ontario" title="London, Ontario">London, Ontario</a>, were at the bridge in force together with buses and tow trucks, an armored personnel carrier, and a sniper. The Windsor police announced via Twitter that enforcement had begun. Some protestors, after discussion with police, had peacefully departed with their vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-MSNBC9AM-251">[247]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTlive21222-243">[239]</a> The police, from Windsor and 5 other jurisdictions, succeeded in clearing the area of tractor-trailers, but a large crowd gathered in the area; the crowd was peaceful, even festive, singing the national anthem, but the bridge remained closed. The police maintained a strong presence in the area, but did not attempt mass arrests. In the evening one arrest was made.<a href="#cite_note-DN21222-252">[248]</a> The protesters were completely cleared by February 13 at approximately 8 a.m, although the border was not immediately opened.<a href="#cite_note-Reuters21322-253">[249]</a> The bridge re-opened in the evening with 25 to 30 people arrested and 12 small vehicles seized. There was a substantial police presence and <a href="/wiki/Jersey_barrier" title="Jersey barrier">Jersey barriers</a> were installed to keep the three-mile long access road to the bridge open.<a href="#cite_note-DN21422-254">[250]</a> On February 16, police intercepted a convoy of six or seven trucks 250 kilometres (160 mi) away from Windsor – heading towards the city after leaving Ottawa.<a href="#cite_note-255">[251]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Participants_and_response">Participants and response</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Groups">Groups</h3></div> In the lead-up to the planned arrival in Ottawa, it was reported on January 25 that far-right and <a href="/wiki/White_supremacy" title="White supremacy">white supremacist</a> groups were hoping for violence on Parliament Hill akin to the <a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Capitol_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 United States Capitol attack">2021 United States Capitol attack</a>.<a href="#cite_note-256">[252]</a> This has caused organizer Tamara Lich to address convoy members and denounce political violence, saying that protesters should "hold a peaceful protest" instead.<a href="#cite_note-257">[253]</a><a href="#cite_note-GlobalGilmore01272-258">[254]</a> Organizers and leaders of the convoy condemned extremist groups, and asked that participants report lawbreakers to the police.<a href="#cite_note-259">[255]</a> They also stated that any extremists found would be "removed" from the convoy.<a href="#cite_note-260">[256]</a> Despite this, some protesters were photographed waving <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Nazi_Germany" title="Flag of Nazi Germany">Nazi flags</a> at the rally.<a href="#cite_note-261">[257]</a><a href="#cite_note-PressProgress-262">[258]</a> The Globe and Mail noted that "signs comparing vaccine mandates to the persecution of Jewish people by the Nazis remained" until the clearance.<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-21-uncertain-208">[204]</a> On January 28, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> expressed concern that a small group of protesters were going to be posing a threat during the weekend.<a href="#cite_note-263">[259]</a> One of the lead organizers of the convoy, James Bauder, has previously stated support for <a href="/wiki/QAnon" title="QAnon">QAnon</a>, endorsed <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation" title="COVID-19 misinformation">conspiracy theories about the COVID-19 pandemic</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election">2020 US presidential election</a>, and called for the arrest of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau for alleged treason.<a href="#cite_note-264">[260]</a> On February 3, 2022, <a href="/wiki/Romana_Didulo" title="Romana Didulo">Romana Didulo</a> arrived in Ottawa with supporters. Didulo, a conspiracy theorist linked to QAnon who calls herself the "Queen of Canada",<a href="#cite_note-265">[261]</a> had called in November 2021 on her 73,000 <a href="/wiki/Telegram_(software)" title="Telegram (software)">Telegram</a> followers to shoot healthcare workers administering <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccines" class="mw-redirect" title="COVID-19 vaccines">COVID-19 vaccines</a>.<a href="#cite_note-266">[262]</a> An episode of <a href="/wiki/The_Faulkner_Focus" class="mw-redirect" title="The Faulkner Focus">The Faulkner Focus</a>, hosted by <a href="/wiki/Harris_Faulkner" title="Harris Faulkner">Harris Faulkner</a>, was criticized by <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Beast" title="The Daily Beast">The Daily Beast</a> in February 2022 for trying to <a href="/wiki/Normalization_(sociology)" title="Normalization (sociology)">normalize</a> the protests and <a href="/wiki/Anti-vaccine_sentiment" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-vaccine sentiment">anti-vaccine sentiment</a>. The episode said that the protesters were not a fringe minority, but represented the mainstream of society and had international support. The montage of protesters she showed prominently displayed imagery relating to QAnon.<a href="#cite_note-267">[263]</a> The Facebook page for the convoy has shared content from, and listed as an organizer, the <a href="/wiki/Maverick_Party" title="Maverick Party">Wexit</a> co-founder and <a href="/wiki/Yellow_Vest_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Yellow Vest Canada">Yellow Vest Canada</a> organizer <a href="/wiki/Pat_King_(activist)" title="Pat King (activist)">Patrick "Pat" King</a>, who has previously hosted counter-protests to <a href="/wiki/Anti-racism" title="Anti-racism">anti-racism</a> rallies, spread <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation" title="COVID-19 misinformation">COVID-19 misinformation</a>, and spread the <a href="/wiki/Great_Replacement" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Replacement">Great Replacement</a> conspiracy theory.<a href="#cite_note-TStarTruckers-268">[264]</a><a href="#cite_note-269">[265]</a><a href="#cite_note-270">[266]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sault_Heart-271">[267]</a><a href="#cite_note-FactCheckCNN-135">[131]</a> In December 2021, while talking about COVID-19 public health measures, King said "The only way this is going to be solved is with bullets."<a href="#cite_note-Sault_Heart-271">[267]</a> On February 8, King falsely claimed that "50% of the Ottawa police force have all turned in their resignation today".<a href="#cite_note-FactCheckCNN-135">[131]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tamara_Lich" title="Tamara Lich">Tamara Lich</a>, the protest's fundraiser, is Secretary for the <a href="/wiki/Maverick_Party" title="Maverick Party">Maverick Party</a>, a Western Canadian separatist group formerly known as Wexit Canada.<a href="#cite_note-Maverick-57">[53]</a> Lich was previously the regional co-ordinator for Wexit in southeastern Alberta and a board member for Wexit Alberta.<a href="#cite_note-272">[268]</a> The Maverick Party denied involvement with the convoy on January 24.<a href="#cite_note-RedDeerAdvocate-38">[34]</a> Action 4 Canada, which is associated with the Canada Unity group inside the Freedom Convoy, has been called an <a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia">Islamophobic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anti-LGBT_rhetoric" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-LGBT rhetoric">anti-LGBTQ</a> hate and conspiracy group; it hosts webpages about the dangers of <a href="/wiki/Political_Islam" title="Political Islam">political Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Misinformation_related_to_5G_technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Misinformation related to 5G technology">health consequences of 5G technology</a>, and the alleged underreporting by the mainstream media of adverse reactions to the vaccine.<a href="#cite_note-TStarTruckers-268">[264]</a> Action 4 Canada appears to have been founded by Tanya Gaw, who actively supported the Yellow Vests protests of 2019.<a href="#cite_note-273">[269]</a> Jason LaFace, Canada Unity's Ontario organizer and official representative to the Freedom Convoy, is also a main organizer for No More Lockdowns Canada, an anti-lockdown and anti-vaccine mandate organization primarily associated with expelled Ontario MPP <a href="/wiki/Randy_Hillier_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Randy Hillier (politician)">Randy Hillier</a>. No More Lockdowns Canada holds anti-lockdown rallies across Ontario.<a href="#cite_note-BayNewsMuddies-42">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-GlobalNews_20220202-37">[33]</a> Benjamin Dichter, who is listed as an organizer on the Freedom Convoy's GoFundMe page, was a speaker at the inaugural 2019 <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_of_Canada" title="People's Party of Canada">People's Party of Canada</a> national convention, and has claimed <a href="/wiki/Political_Islam" title="Political Islam">political Islam</a> has infiltrated the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative Party of Canada</a> and is "rotting away at our society like syphilis".<a href="#cite_note-274">[270]</a> Convoy leader Dave Steenburg has posted material by <a href="/wiki/Soldiers_of_Odin" title="Soldiers of Odin">Soldiers of Odin</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Neo-Nazism" title="Neo-Nazism">neo-Nazi</a> vigilante group, on his Facebook page; Jason LaFace, an administrator of the Convoy Facebook page, has done the same thing. LaFace has also posted a photo of himself wearing a Soldiers of Odin jacket.<a href="#cite_note-275">[271]</a><a href="#cite_note-276">[272]</a> Following the seizure of weapons, ammunition and body armour at the blockade in Coutts, one piece of body armour was identified to have patches signifying relation to <a href="/wiki/Accelerationist" class="mw-redirect" title="Accelerationist">accelerationist</a> right-wing <a href="/wiki/Militia" title="Militia">militia</a> <a href="/wiki/Diagolon" title="Diagolon">Diagolon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-277">[273]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Counter-protests">Counter-protests</h3></div> Counter-protests in favour of public health measures were held throughout the convoy's duration. In <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a>, with protestors in the parliament area spilling into residential neighbourhoods nearby, lawsuits and injunction requests were filed by residents to silence the trucks that were honking their horns at all hours.<a href="#cite_note-278">[274]</a> <a href="/wiki/Counter-protest" title="Counter-protest">Counter-protests</a> were held in several cities on February 5. Counter-protestors forced a convoy of vehicles to split-up in <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a> after blocking the roadway by standing on foot or with a bicycle on Terminal Avenue. There were few side streets or exit options after the trucks travelled more than 2 kilometres down the roadway, which required the trucks to reverse the length of Terminal Avenue in order to exit the street.<a href="#cite_note-279">[275]</a><a href="#cite_note-280">[276]</a> Counter-protestors in <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_British_Columbia" title="Victoria, British Columbia">Victoria</a> spread out by the <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia_Parliament_Buildings" title="British Columbia Parliament Buildings">BC Legislature</a>, to be near and far weekend convoy protestors.<a href="#cite_note-281">[277]</a> Some 200 people gathered in front of Ottawa City Hall to demand the end of disruptions caused by trucks downtown. People held pro-vaccination signs in <a href="/wiki/Whitehorse" title="Whitehorse">Whitehorse</a> while anti-mandate protestors passed them in vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-282">[278]</a><a href="#cite_note-283">[279]</a><a href="#cite_note-284">[280]</a><a href="#cite_note-285">[281]</a><a href="#cite_note-286">[282]</a><a href="#cite_note-287">[283]</a> A counter-protest organized by health care workers was planned in Toronto for February 12, but was called off when the provincial government instituted a state of emergency.<a href="#cite_note-288">[284]</a> In counter-protests on February 12, thousands of people joined the "Community Solidarity March" through Ottawa to demand the end of the protests.<a href="#cite_note-Pringle_20220213-193">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-CTV_20220212-289">[285]</a><a href="#cite_note-290">[286]</a> On February 13, a group of Ottawa residents blocked the intersection of Riverside Drive and Bank Street to prevent a newly-arrived contingent of vehicles from joining the main protest.<a href="#cite_note-291">[287]</a> The original group of 20 grew to more than 1,000 people and successfully <a href="/wiki/Kettled" class="mw-redirect" title="Kettled">kettled</a> the eastern artery of the "Blue Collar Convoy" for eight hours and were joined by groups in other neighbourhoods.<a href="#cite_note-Pringle_20220213-193">[189]</a> The convoy vehicles left one at a time under a heavy police escort, after the vehicle owners took down their signs and flags.<a href="#cite_note-292">[288]</a><a href="#cite_note-293">[289]</a><a href="#cite_note-294">[290]</a> The standoff between Ottawa residents and the kettled convoy participants was colloquially called the 'Battle of Billings Bridge' and was commemorated a year later with an unofficial plaque installed in the location of the standoff.<a href="#cite_note-295">[291]</a><a href="#cite_note-296">[292]</a> During the convoy occupation of Ottawa, various individuals gained public note for their counter-protesting.<a href="#cite_note-297">[293]</a> The protestors' <a href="/wiki/Zello" title="Zello">Zello</a> <a href="/wiki/Push-to-talk" title="Push-to-talk">push-to-talk</a>-style voice channels were the subject of coordinated disruption from counter-protestors, including users playing the <a href="/wiki/Homoeroticism" title="Homoeroticism">homoerotic</a> <a href="/wiki/Country_rock" title="Country rock">country rock</a> song "<a href="/wiki/Ram_Ranch" title="Ram Ranch">Ram Ranch</a>" to "<a href="/wiki/Internet_troll" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet troll">troll</a>" participants and listeners (an effort coordinated under the <a href="/wiki/Hashtag" title="Hashtag">hashtag</a> "#RamRanchResistance").<a href="#cite_note-RollingStone-298">[294]</a><a href="#cite_note-GlobalGilmore01272-258">[254]</a><a href="#cite_note-299">[295]</a><a href="#cite_note-Inside_Zello-300">[296]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ottawa_Police_Service_response">Ottawa Police Service response</h3></div> Ottawa Police Service faced criticism for how it responded to the convoy during the first three weeks, culminating with the resignation of Chief Peter Sloly.<a href="#cite_note-Kirkup_Walsh_20220215-301">[297]</a> At a January 31 press conference, <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Police_Service" title="Ottawa Police Service">Ottawa Police Service</a> (OPS) Chief <a href="/wiki/Peter_Sloly" title="Peter Sloly">Peter Sloly</a> described the demonstration as "unique in nature, massive in scale, polarizing in context and dangerous in literally every other aspect of the event itself".<a href="#cite_note-OPS_20220131-302">[298]</a> He said that starting on January 28, there was a "traffic gridlock" which turned into "traffic chaos" over the next two days, as "thousands of vehicles, particularly heavy trucks" arrived in Ottawa.<a href="#cite_note-OPS_20220131-302">[298]</a> Security forces included police forces from the federal, provincial and municipal levels: the <a href="/wiki/RCMP" class="mw-redirect" title="RCMP">RCMP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Provincial_Police" title="Ontario Provincial Police">Ontario Provincial Police</a> (OPP), <a href="/wiki/Gatineau_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Gatineau Police">Gatineau Police</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BBret%C3%A9_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Sûreté du Québec">Sûreté du Québec</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Police_Service" title="London Police Service">London Police Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Police_Service" title="Hamilton Police Service">Hamilton Police Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peel_Regional_Police" title="Peel Regional Police">Peel Regional Police</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Police_Service" title="Toronto Police Service">Toronto Police Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/York_Regional_Police" title="York Regional Police">York Regional Police</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Durham_Regional_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Durham Regional Police">Durham Regional Police</a> who worked with the OPS Incident Command System.<a href="#cite_note-OPS_20220131-302">[298]</a> OPS Chief Sloly advised people to avoid downtown Ottawa during the weekend protest, adding that "we are prepared to investigate, arrest if necessary, charge and prosecute anyone who acts violently or breaks the law in the demonstrations, or in association with the demonstrations".<a href="#cite_note-CTVOttawaPolice-303">[299]</a> Chief Sloly said that since the scaling down of the demonstration on January 31, the crime prevention teams normally providing support in around the core, but who were deployed elsewhere during the height of the protests, have returned to their neighbourhoods.<a href="#cite_note-OPS_20220131-302">[298]</a> By January 31, with the cost of police service per day estimated at CA$800,000 a day, the Mayor of Ottawa was considering legal action to cover costs.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220131b-304">[300]</a> <a href="/wiki/Patrick_McDonell" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick McDonell">Patrick McDonell</a>, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Sergeants-at-Arms_of_the_Canadian_House_of_Commons" title="List of Sergeants-at-Arms of the Canadian House of Commons">Sergeant-at-Arms of the House of Commons</a> and Director General of <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Protective_Service" title="Parliamentary Protective Service">Parliamentary Protective Service</a> (PPS) warned members of parliament about possible <a href="/wiki/Doxing" title="Doxing">doxing</a> attempts to discover the addresses of their residences in the <a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(Canada)" title="National Capital Region (Canada)">Capital Region</a>. The letter further warned MPs not to get involved in any demonstrations, to "go somewhere safe", and to keep all doors locked.<a href="#cite_note-305">[301]</a><a href="#cite_note-CTV_Aiello_20220127-306">[302]</a> McDonell told reporters that Canada has never been so divided—the thousands of people arriving on Parliament Hill in the trucker convoy represented a "symbol of the fatigue" that Canadians were experiencing after two years of COVID.<a href="#cite_note-CTV_Aiello_20220127-306">[302]</a> PPS prepared for approximately 10,000 protesters; Wellington Street, which is in front of Parliament Hill was closed to most traffic; some lanes had been "designated specifically" for truckers; and others for emergency vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-CTV_Aiello_20220127-306">[302]</a> On January 29, the first day of protest at <a href="/wiki/Parliament_Hill" title="Parliament Hill">Parliament Hill</a>, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> was "moved to an undisclosed location due to security concerns".<a href="#cite_note-CBC_Tasker_20220129-307">[303]</a><a href="#cite_note-308">[304]</a> The OPS had called in reinforcements from the RCMP and the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="Canadian Security Intelligence Service">Canadian Security Intelligence Service</a> (CSIS)—Canada's main intelligence service—and were working to identify threats in the convoy.<a href="#cite_note-WPSunReinforcements-2">[2]</a> Intelligence reports by the Integrated Terrorism Assessment Centre (ITAC), which is part of CSIS, said that some convoy supporters "advocated civil war", had "called for violence against prime minister Justin Trudeau", and said the protest should be "used as Canada's 'January 6'".<a href="#cite_note-Ling_20220217-309">[305]</a> The ITAC reports, which were seen by <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>, warned in late January that "extremists" were "likely involved" and the "potential for violence remained real".<a href="#cite_note-Ling_20220217-309">[305]</a> The February 8 ITAC report raised concerns that the "online rhetoric" was "violent", and that there were "ideological extremists" who were "physically present" at "some gatherings".<a href="#cite_note-Ling_20220217-309">[305]</a> As protesters headed to Ottawa on January 28, the OPP tweeted "OPP advises motorists to avoid travel on <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_417" title="Ontario Highway 417">Highway 417</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_416" title="Ontario Highway 416">Highway 416</a> in the Ottawa area, beginning Friday afternoon and on Saturday."<a href="#cite_note-CTVOttawaPolice-303">[299]</a> They asked that emergency vehicle access be assured throughout.<a href="#cite_note-CTV_Aiello_20220127-306">[302]</a> An article in <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> described the Ottawa Police Service as "vastly outnumbered", and "unprepared for the sophisticated tactics, discipline and logistical abilities of the protesters".<a href="#cite_note-Porter_20220212-310">[306]</a> The Ottawa Police Service has 1,500 officers to serve the million residents of the city of Ottawa.<a href="#cite_note-Porter_20220212-310">[306]</a> During the three weeks of the protest and occupation, only 150 officers were on the streets in "three of the most affected neighbourhoods over the course of a day".<a href="#cite_note-Porter_20220212-310">[306]</a> Chief Sloly requested an additional 1,800 early on, but by February 13, they had not arrived.<a href="#cite_note-Porter_20220212-310">[306]</a> Police experts said that Sloly, who has been criticized for his response to the protests, had a legitimate problem of "lack of resources...given the unprecedented situation facing Ottawa."<a href="#cite_note-Carbert_20220212-311">[307]</a> Some officers were "swarmed" while attempting to make an arrest.<a href="#cite_note-Porter_20220212-310">[306]</a> On the first weekend, crowds were estimated at 8,000 to 18,000.<a href="#cite_note-Coletta_20220131-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto2-10">[10]</a> On weekdays, the number of protesters somewhat declined. On the second weekend, with 500 heavy trucks and 7,000 demonstrators in the downtown core "red zone" as of Saturday evening, Sloly reported to an emergency meeting Ottawa Police Services board meeting, that even with all OPS officers on active duty and the hundreds of law-enforcement officials who came to help, he did not have the resources to end what he called the "turbulent protests".<a href="#cite_note-Chianello_20220205-312">[308]</a> On the third weekend of February 11 and 12, there were about 4,000 or 5,000 protesters and partyers in the city's core, on Parliament Hill.<a href="#cite_note-Porter_20220212-310">[306]</a> Even after a state of emergency was declared by the mayor, officers were outnumbered and unable to enforce injunctions or regulations.<a href="#cite_note-Porter_20220212-310">[306]</a> According to the Times, many analysts have cautioned that some convoy's leaders with military or policing backgrounds helped demonstrators strategize and plan under the guidance of people like Tom Quiggin, "proclaimed head of protective intelligence", who had formerly served as an "intelligence officer for the Canadian military, cabinet office and federal police."<a href="#cite_note-Porter_20220212-310">[306]</a> and has been described as "one of the country's top counter-terrorism experts."<a href="#cite_note-trinh-181">[177]</a> By February 10, Chief Sloly said 250 RCMP officers were sworn in and deployed to reinforce the 1,500 OPS officers.<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-10-911-188">[184]</a> The response of local police forces to these blockades has erred on the side of caution, with police at each site initially trying to negotiate with the protesters.<a href="#cite_note-Negotiation_usually-313">[309]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Integrated_Command_Centre_response">Integrated Command Centre response</h3></div> Plans for the creation of the new Integrated Command Centre were in place by February 12. The Integrated Command Centre was created to help Ottawa Police Services (OPS) coordinate with Ontario Provincial Police (OPP) and RCMP when the anticipated reinforcements would arrive.<a href="#cite_note-Pringle_Raymond_20220212-314">[310]</a> As an estimated 4,000 protesters converged on Parliament Hill on February 12, the extra reinforcements requested by Chief Sloly a week earlier had not yet arrived.<a href="#cite_note-Pringle_Raymond_20220212-314">[310]</a> Emergency Preparedness Minister <a href="/wiki/Bill_Blair_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Blair (politician)">Bill Blair</a> said on February 13 that they are in constant contact with provincial and municipal authorities. Because the situation is "critical" for Canada with the "closing of our borders, the targeting on critical infrastructure, particularly our points of entry by the people behind these protests", it poses a "significant national security threat" to Canada, and we have to "end it".<a href="#cite_note-Aiello_20220213-315">[311]</a> On Day 19 of the protests, with Ottawa under three states of emergency invoked by the three levels of government, Chief Sloly resigned.<a href="#cite_note-Kirkup_Walsh_20220215-301">[297]</a> At the February 15 Ottawa Police Board meeting, Deputy Chief Steve Bell, who was appointed Interim Chief of Police, told the board that the OPS force had not "yet received the 1,800 extra officers requested".<a href="#cite_note-Kirkup_Walsh_20220215-301">[297]</a> At the height of the protests, there were about 8,000 protesters. Overnight, on February 14, there were "less than 150 people in the blockade" and approximately 360 vehicles still on the streets, in contrast to the estimated 4,000 vehicles at the end of January.<a href="#cite_note-Aiello_20220215-316">[312]</a> The OPS had made a total of "33 arrests and charged 18 people" in the 19 day period.<a href="#cite_note-Kirkup_Walsh_20220215-301">[297]</a> <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Police_Association" title="Canadian Police Association">Canadian Police Association</a> president, Tom Stamatakis, cautioned that with Sloly's resignation, politicians "should not 'scapegoat' him for other failures that have allowed this occupation to drag on."<a href="#cite_note-Kirkup_Walsh_20220215-301">[297]</a> On February 18, Day 22, hundreds<a href="#cite_note-Bilefsky_20220218-317">[313]</a> of OPS, York, Toronto, Gatineau, Durham Region, London, Hamilton forces, the <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BBret%C3%A9_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Sûreté du Québec">Sureté du Québec</a>, the OPP, and the RCMP, worked on a coordinated police action in and around Parliament Hill. By late February 18 morning, CTV News and other mainstream media reporting in the red zone, showed police steadily, very slowly sandwiching groups of dozens of the remaining protesters on all sides on separate streets.<a href="#cite_note-CTV_20220218-318">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> There were reports of a flank of police on horseback behind those in the front lines.<a href="#cite_note-320">[316]</a> Families with children were seen in these final groups of protesters, with police reporting that protesters were "putting children between their operations and the protest site."<a href="#cite_note-CTV_20220218-318">[314]</a> The police assured that "children will be brought to a place of safety." In a CBC interview, former OPS chief <a href="/wiki/Charles_Bordeleau" title="Charles Bordeleau">Charles Bordeleau</a> said he had never seen children used before in other protests. He said that the CAS did not have to step in.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pat_King_(activist)" title="Pat King (activist)">Pat King</a> was arrested near noon.<a href="#cite_note-CTV_20220218-318">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> King is described as the final of three major online influencers continuing the protest to be arrested.<a href="#cite_note-CTV_20220218-318">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> He was later charged of mischief, counselling to commit the offence of mischief, counselling to commit the offence of disobey court order (s.127), and counselling to commit the offence of obstruct police.<a href="#cite_note-321">[317]</a> By early afternoon, tactical officers began slowly entering the cabins of large rigs that had been parked in front of Parliament since the end of January.<a href="#cite_note-CTV_20220218-318">[314]</a> Two large campers placed by protesters to prevent large trucks blocking Sussex from moving were finally cleared early in the afternoon, with the arrest of a protester in the motor home by five officers wearing full security gear.<a href="#cite_note-CTV_20220218-318">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> Police allowed mainstream media close access to the frontlines of the tactical method.<a href="#cite_note-CTV_20220218-318">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> In the afternoon, as some of the remaining protesters accepted the inevitable, they began to clear 30 cm (0.98 ft) of snow from their trucks and trailers in preparation for their departure.<a href="#cite_note-CTV_20220218-318">[314]</a> Frustrated protesters interviewed by CBC and CTV who were earlier calling "Hold the line", asked for their "voice to be heard". The last few protesters said, without evidence, that the protest was legal, citing, but misunderstanding Canadian law.<a href="#cite_note-CTV_20220218-318">[314]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> CBC News on the front lines reported protesters in the red zone, who could leave, chose to stay and be arrested.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> There were 70 arrests and 21 vehicles were removed by mid-afternoon.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> CBC's senior defence writer, Murray Brewster, described the police operation as "professional, methodical, and tactical".<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> Police did not prevent truckers or individual protesters from driving or walking away for most of the day. They may face charges later.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> Police used a minimal amount of force, even late in the afternoon, as members of different forces began "squeezing" the group of protesters "even tighter" on Wellington Street in front of Parliament.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> They were not wearing shields or using pepper spray or tear gas, as they wanted protesters to leave, as opposed to arresting them, according to Bordeleau.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> As waiting long lines tow trucks, brought in by the police, replaced the heavy rigs that had been grid-locking Ottawa downtown, some of the tow trucks' company names were hidden.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> CBC reported that tow truck companies who had previously refused to tow protesters' vehicles, have been forced through the Emergencies Act to comply with orders.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> Bordeleau also said that the Emergencies Act had allowed police to set up 100 checkpoints around the city of Ottawa to prevent protester back-filling and to prevent pop-up protests.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> In response to those who contrasted the February 18 coordinated successful response to the OPS inaction in previous weeks, <a href="/wiki/Carol_Anne_Meehan" title="Carol Anne Meehan">Carol Anne Meehan</a>, an Ottawa City Councillor, said that the OPS had been severely under-resourced until the Emergencies Act was invoked.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> On February 19, police began with a "hard, fast push" towards to the encampment at Parliament Hill. Due to the resistance of protesters, police wore helmets and carried batons for protection.<a href="#cite_note-Aziz_Connolly_20220219-322">[318]</a> At one point, a smoke device was released by protesters.<a href="#cite_note-Aziz_Connolly_20220219-322">[318]</a> By early afternoon, more than 140 people had been arrested and dozens of vehicles had been seized.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_20220219-73">[69]</a> During the question period of the OPS press conference, Chief Bell confirmed that security forces have been gathering intelligence using videos, and that they will be actively pursuing people who have been filmed. The police will actively follow up with identifications, collect evidence, seek criminal charges with sanctions that can include the financial level and licensing level.<a href="#cite_note-Tunney_PaasLang_20220219-323">[319]</a><a href="#cite_note-CoP_20220219-324">[320]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Clearance">Clearance</h4></div> As of February 10, there was general agreement by government and police that vigorous efforts to clear the blockades were dangerous, possibly leading to expanded or violent reactions. A variety of options were legally possible and some, such as issuing tickets, were employed. Tow-truck drivers in several locations declined to tow trucks.<a href="#cite_note-WP21022-325">[321]</a><a href="#cite_note-WP2922-326">[322]</a> Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, on February 3, declared his reluctance to employ the military to clear the protesters, saying he had received no formal request for military assistance and added, "One has to be very, very cautious before deploying military in situations engaging Canadians," saying it's not something to "enter into lightly".<a href="#cite_note-Trudeaunomilitaryyet-172">[168]</a> On February 11, the court injunction to clear protesters from the Ambassador Bridge, secured by the City of Windsor, went into effect at 7 pm.<a href="#cite_note-Tumilty_20220211-327">[323]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">failed verification</a>] Prime Minister Trudeau and United States President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> met virtually to discuss the dissolution of cross-border blockades.<a href="#cite_note-Blatchford_20220211-328">[324]</a> Ontario Premier <a href="/wiki/Doug_Ford" title="Doug Ford">Doug Ford</a> declared a <a href="/wiki/States_of_emergency_in_Canada" title="States of emergency in Canada">state of emergency</a> in the province. Heavy fines of up to $100,000 and up to a year of imprisonment were introduced for offences such as blocking or impeding the movement of goods, people, and services along critical roads and bridges in the province, including "international border crossings, <a href="/wiki/400-series_highways" title="400-series highways">400-series highways</a>, airports, ports, bridges and railways". Penalties include revoking personal and commercial drivers' licences.<a href="#cite_note-329">[325]</a><a href="#cite_note-330">[326]</a> On February 17, police massed at a staging area in Ottawa. A 12 feet (3.7 m)-high fence was constructed around the Parliament building and over 100 checkpoints limited access to the protest area.<a href="#cite_note-NYT21722-331">[327]</a><a href="#cite_note-WP21722-332">[328]</a> <a href="/wiki/OC_Transpo" title="OC Transpo">OC Transpo</a> transit stations in the downtown were also closed.<a href="#cite_note-333">[329]</a> Convoy organizers Chris Barber and Tamara Lich were arrested in separate instances, and Lich stated that her personal bank account had been frozen.<a href="#cite_note-LichBarberarrest-196">[192]</a> Several other people were arrested after ignoring multiple orders to leave the area.<a href="#cite_note-334">[330]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pat_King_(activist)" title="Pat King (activist)">Pat King</a>, another convoy organizer, was arrested by police on February 18.<a href="#cite_note-335">[331]</a> That same day, police made at least 70 arrests and towed 21 vehicles by mid-afternoon.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> The police operation consisted of an initial wave of horse-mounted police officers and other officers on foot wearing high-visibility jackets, followed by tactical teams in green-camouflage gear, and then officers in light armoured vehicles and on horseback bringing up the rear.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> In at least one case, officers broke a truck's window to reach its occupant, who refused to exit their vehicle.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> Police also removed children from the site, citing a fear for their safety during the operation.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> A protester was arrested and charged for allegedly throwing a bicycle and hitting the legs of a horse from the Toronto Police Service Mounted Unit.<a href="#cite_note-Stoodley_202202182-336">[332]</a> In the ensuing skirmish, some pepper spray was used.<a href="#cite_note-CTV_20220218-318">[314]</a> Ottawa Police reported that several officers and horses had been assaulted by demonstrators while attempting to clear the red zone, and over 100 people had been arrested by the evening of February 18.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220218-319">[315]</a> In the afternoon of February 19, police were present in force and were mopping up the area. By late afternoon, the last large group of protesters was corralled near the corner of Bank and Sparks Streets, with police holding a line for several hours as the crowd swelled to approximately 1,000 by dusk and a street party (with an impromptu DJ) ensued. After nightfall, the line of police unexpectedly advanced on the celebratory crowd, pushing it a block south to Queen Street, spraying pepper gas as they did so. Fencing was erected afterwards, and the crowd gradually dispersed over the course of the night.<a href="#cite_note-337">[333]</a><a href="#cite_note-338">[334]</a> In total, 170 people had been arrested and a few dozen trucks towed. Protest leaders advised leaving the area and were asking for permission to do so. Pepper gas had been used; one police officer suffered a minor injury.<a href="#cite_note-WP21922-339">[335]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Municipal_response">Municipal response</h3></div> <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Ottawa" title="List of mayors of Ottawa">Ottawa Mayor</a> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Watson_(Canadian_politician)" title="Jim Watson (Canadian politician)">Jim Watson</a> described the situation as "the most serious emergency our city has ever faced".<a href="#cite_note-340">[336]</a><a href="#cite_note-341">[337]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Provincial_response">Provincial response</h3></div> On February 11, Ontario Premier Doug Ford declared a state of emergency in the province.<a href="#cite_note-342">[338]</a> On the same day, Ontario Superior Court granted an injunction to remove protesters from the Ambassador Bridge.<a href="#cite_note-343">[339]</a> The injunction was sought by multiple industry groups affected by the blockade including the Automotive Parts Manufacturers' Association.<a href="#cite_note-344">[340]</a> On February 23 at 5:00 pm, Ontario ended the state of emergency.<a href="#cite_note-345">[341]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal_response">Federal response</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Emergencies_Act">Emergencies Act</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Emergencies_Act#Canada_convoy_protest" title="Emergencies Act">Emergencies Act § Canada convoy protest</a></div> On February 14, Trudeau invoked the <a href="/wiki/Emergencies_Act" title="Emergencies Act">Emergencies Act</a>. The Act gave police extraordinary powers to "end border blockades and the occupation of downtown Ottawa by so-called 'Freedom Convoy' protesters."<a href="#cite_note-MacCharles_20220223-346">[342]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBCEMA-86">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gallant_20220214-347">[343]</a> Deputy Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Chrystia Freeland</a> said that under the Act, protesters' "trucks can be seized, their corporate accounts frozen and vehicle insurance suspended".<a href="#cite_note-MacCharles_Ballingall_20220214-348">[344]</a> While Trudeau insisted that the military would not be deployed, Emergency Preparedness Minister <a href="/wiki/Bill_Blair_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Blair (politician)">Bill Blair</a> did not rule out deployment, and called the lack of enforcement by Ottawa Police "inexplicable".<a href="#cite_note-349">[345]</a> The Emergencies Act replaced the former <a href="/wiki/War_Measures_Act" title="War Measures Act">War Measures Act</a>, which was famously invoked by Trudeau's father, former Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a>, to deploy the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Forces">Canadian Forces</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Front_de_lib%C3%A9ration_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Front de libération du Québec">Front de libération du Québec</a> during the 1970 <a href="/wiki/October_Crisis" title="October Crisis">October Crisis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CBCEMA-86">[82]</a> This was the first time the act had been invoked since its 1988 inception.<a href="#cite_note-CBCEMA-86">[82]</a> After the invocation of the Act, <a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Chrystia Freeland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Prime Minister (Canada)">Deputy Prime Minister</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Canada)" title="Minister of Finance (Canada)">Minister of Finance</a> announced that the purview of the <a href="/wiki/Financial_Transactions_and_Reports_Analysis_Centre_of_Canada" title="Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada">Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada</a> was expanded to include the monitoring of funds sent through <a href="/wiki/Crowdfunding" title="Crowdfunding">crowdfunding</a> platforms such as <a href="/wiki/GoFundMe" title="GoFundMe">GoFundMe</a>, where protestors had raised millions that were ultimately refunded, as well as payment providers formerly outside its scope. Freeland specifically cited <a href="/wiki/Cryptocurrency" title="Cryptocurrency">cryptocurrency</a> transactions, which the protestors turned to after GoFundMe, as a type of digital transaction that the new measures were meant to cover. Canadian banks were also temporarily given the authority to freeze accounts suspected of being used to support the protests without the need to obtain court orders, were granted legal immunity if they chose to do so, and were allowed to more freely share information with law enforcement and government agencies.<a href="#cite_note-350">[346]</a> On February 21, the House of Commons voted to confirm the Emergencies Act, with 185 for and 151 opposing the motion.<a href="#cite_note-351">[347]</a> On February 23, Trudeau told a press conference that he would lift the Emergencies Act at 5:00 p.m.<a href="#cite_note-MacCharles_20220223-346">[342]</a> He warned that any violations of law during the emergency would be investigated.<a href="#cite_note-352">[348]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_events">Related events</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_border_crossing_obstructions">Other border crossing obstructions</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="British_Columbia–Washington">British Columbia–Washington</h4></div> Beginning February 5, protesters attempted to blockade the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Highway_Border_Crossing" title="Pacific Highway Border Crossing">Pacific Highway Border Crossing</a> between <a href="/wiki/Blaine,_Washington" title="Blaine, Washington">Blaine, Washington</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Surrey,_British_Columbia" title="Surrey, British Columbia">Surrey, British Columbia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-14-CBC-Surrey-353">[349]</a> Protesters returned on February 12, where a police barricade was set up. A convoy led by a privately owned vehicle painted in military style broke through the police barricades,<a href="#cite_note-354">[350]</a><a href="#cite_note-2022-02-14-CBC-Surrey-353">[349]</a> and the border crossing was subsequently closed.<a href="#cite_note-355">[351]</a> Surrey RCMP moved into the area to clear it on February 13, making 12 arrests.<a href="#cite_note-356">[352]</a><a href="#cite_note-357">[353]</a> On February 15, the border crossing reopened.<a href="#cite_note-Fenton_20220215-358">[354]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Manitoba–North_Dakota">Manitoba–North Dakota</h4></div> Beginning February 10, a blockade closed off the <a href="/wiki/Pembina%E2%80%93Emerson_Border_Crossing" title="Pembina–Emerson Border Crossing">Pembina–Emerson Border Crossing</a> in <a href="/wiki/Emerson,_Manitoba" title="Emerson, Manitoba">Emerson, Manitoba</a>.<a href="#cite_note-359">[355]</a> Through RCMP negotiating, protesters voluntarily left the blockade on February 16 and the border crossing was reopened.<a href="#cite_note-cbc.ca-360">[356]</a><a href="#cite_note-winnipeg.ctvnews.ca-361">[357]</a> The blockage at Emerson, Manitoba border crossing was cleared February 15, 2022.<a href="#cite_note-NYT21722-331">[327]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_Canadian_protests">Other Canadian protests</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Toronto">Toronto</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Toronto_version_of_Freedom_Convoy_protest_Feb_5.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Toronto_version_of_Freedom_Convoy_protest_Feb_5.png/220px-Toronto_version_of_Freedom_Convoy_protest_Feb_5.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Toronto_version_of_Freedom_Convoy_protest_Feb_5.png/330px-Toronto_version_of_Freedom_Convoy_protest_Feb_5.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Toronto_version_of_Freedom_Convoy_protest_Feb_5.png/440px-Toronto_version_of_Freedom_Convoy_protest_Feb_5.png 2x" data-file-width="2854" data-file-height="1524" /></a><figcaption>Toronto version of the Freedom Convoy protest on February 5, outside of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ontario_Museum" title="Royal Ontario Museum">Royal Ontario Museum</a></figcaption></figure> On February 4, 2022, some vehicles and tractors arrived outside the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ontario_Museum" title="Royal Ontario Museum">Royal Ontario Museum</a> on <a href="/wiki/Avenue_Road,_Toronto" title="Avenue Road, Toronto">Avenue Road</a> north of <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Park_(Toronto)" title="Queen's Park (Toronto)">Queen's Park</a> in Toronto. Also on February 4, <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Police_Service" title="Toronto Police Service">Toronto Police</a> started closing roads in <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Toronto" title="Downtown Toronto">the downtown</a> in anticipation of a large protest and told residents to expect a larger police presence during the weekend.<a href="#cite_note-CP2522-362">[358]</a><a href="#cite_note-Denounce_tractor-363">[359]</a> On February 5, truckers, tractor drivers, and protesters arrived in Queen's Park to protest COVID-19 vaccine mandates. In response, a group of healthcare workers staged a counter-protest. Protest activity later moved north to <a href="/wiki/Bloor_Street" title="Bloor Street">Bloor Street</a> and later to the intersection of Bloor Street West and Avenue Road. Hundreds of protesters and several trucks blocked the intersection for hours.<a href="#cite_note-CP2522-362">[358]</a><a href="#cite_note-Denounce_tractor-363">[359]</a> Long stretches of major arterial roads, including <a href="/wiki/University_Avenue_(Toronto)" title="University Avenue (Toronto)">University Avenue</a>, <a href="/wiki/College_Street_(Toronto)" title="College Street (Toronto)">College Street</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yonge_Street" title="Yonge Street">Yonge Street</a>, were shut down. Fearing possible threats against healthcare workers, <a href="/wiki/University_Health_Network" title="University Health Network">University Health Network</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sinai_Health_System" title="Sinai Health System">Sinai Health System</a>, which operate major hospitals in the protest area, warned their employees to avoid wearing any clothing or badges that would identify them as health-care workers outside hospital premises.<a href="#cite_note-364">[360]</a> During the protest, a 22-year-old man was arrested and charged with assault with a weapon, use of a <a href="/wiki/Smoke_bomb" title="Smoke bomb">smoke bomb</a> (administering a noxious substance), and public mischief.<a href="#cite_note-CP2522-362">[358]</a> A second man was arrested for assault with a weapon after throwing <a href="/wiki/Feces" title="Feces">feces</a> at another person.<a href="#cite_note-365">[361]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Winnipeg">Winnipeg</h4></div> On February 5, at a related protest in <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Winnipeg" title="Downtown Winnipeg">Downtown Winnipeg</a>, four people were injured in a <a href="/wiki/Vehicle_ramming_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Vehicle ramming attack">ramming</a> incident. One was hospitalized and later released.<a href="#cite_note-WpgFTR-19">[18]</a> As of February 7, protests were on their fourth day. Police have yet to write tickets or lay charges against protesters, despite numerous noise complaints, fireworks without permit, and incidents of "homophobia, racism, and gender-based harassment."<a href="#cite_note-366">[362]</a><a href="#cite_note-367">[363]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fredericton">Fredericton</h4></div> A protest targeting the <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick_Legislature" title="New Brunswick Legislature">New Brunswick Legislature</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fredericton" title="Fredericton">Fredericton</a> began on Friday, February 11.<a href="#cite_note-CTVFred-368">[364]</a> <a href="/wiki/Fredericton_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Fredericton Police">Fredericton Police</a> established <a href="/wiki/Security_checkpoint" title="Security checkpoint">checkpoints</a> leading into the city's downtown, and refused entry to any large truck without a valid <a href="/wiki/Manifest_(transportation)" title="Manifest (transportation)">manifest</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CBCFredSat-369">[365]</a> A group of about 300 protesters gathered at the <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick_Legislative_Building" title="New Brunswick Legislative Building">New Brunswick Legislative Building</a>, growing to a peak of 700 by Saturday.<a href="#cite_note-CBCFredSat-369">[365]</a> By Sunday afternoon, police reported that about 70 protesters remained in the city, and that there had been three arrests related to the protest, and numerous tickets issued for traffic and city bylaw infractions.<a href="#cite_note-CBCFredSun-370">[366]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nova_Scotia">Nova Scotia</h4></div> On January 30, the Government of <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a> made it illegal for people to gather on <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia_Highway_104" title="Nova Scotia Highway 104">Highway 104</a> along the border with New Brunswick in anticipation of protesters blockading the highway.<a href="#cite_note-371">[367]</a> On February 6, hundreds of vehicles drove through <a href="/wiki/Halifax,_Nova_Scotia" title="Halifax, Nova Scotia">Halifax</a> as part of the "Freedom Convoy".<a href="#cite_note-372">[368]</a> On February 12, hundreds of people from around Nova Scotia travelled to Halifax to protest. The <a href="/wiki/Halifax_Regional_Police" title="Halifax Regional Police">Halifax Regional Police</a> blocked off access to some roads in downtown Halifax in response to the protest.<a href="#cite_note-373">[369]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Edmonton">Edmonton</h4></div> Protestors gathered in <a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a> for three consecutive Saturdays, and an <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Queen%27s_Bench_of_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Queen's Bench of Alberta">Alberta Court of Queen's Bench</a> Justice granted an interim injunction on February 11, 2022, prohibiting protest participants from causing incessant sound with horns and megaphones within city limits.<a href="#cite_note-374">[370]</a> <a href="/wiki/Edmonton_Police_Service" title="Edmonton Police Service">Edmonton Police Service</a> (EPS) was criticized by City Councilor Michael Janz for taking stronger enforcement measures against a counter protest than it did with the main protest.<a href="#cite_note-Anger_Noise-375">[371]</a> According to EPS, the responses varied as they tried to protect public and officer safety, and keep traffic moving.<a href="#cite_note-Anger_Noise-375">[371]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other">Other</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Qu%C3%A9bec_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Qu%C3%A9bec_02.jpg/220px-Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Qu%C3%A9bec_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Qu%C3%A9bec_02.jpg/330px-Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Qu%C3%A9bec_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Qu%C3%A9bec_02.jpg/440px-Convoi_de_la_libert%C3%A9_%C3%A0_Qu%C3%A9bec_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="933" /></a><figcaption>Freedom Convoy (French: Convoi de la liberté) protest in Quebec City on February 5, 2022</figcaption></figure> Truckers and protesters have gathered in <a href="/wiki/Oakville,_Ontario" title="Oakville, Ontario">Oakville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mississauga" title="Mississauga">Mississauga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vaughan" title="Vaughan">Vaughan</a>, other parts of the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Toronto_Area" title="Greater Toronto Area">Greater Toronto Area</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orangeville,_Ontario" title="Orangeville, Ontario">Orangeville</a>, Quebec City, <a href="/wiki/Calgary" title="Calgary">Calgary</a>, Vancouver, <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Island" title="Vancouver Island">Vancouver Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kelowna" title="Kelowna">Kelowna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regina,_Saskatchewan" title="Regina, Saskatchewan">Regina</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_British_Columbia" title="Victoria, British Columbia">Victoria</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Denounce_tractor-363">[359]</a><a href="#cite_note-376">[372]</a><a href="#cite_note-377">[373]</a><a href="#cite_note-378">[374]</a><a href="#cite_note-379">[375]</a><a href="#cite_note-380">[376]</a> A convoy in <a href="/wiki/Charlottetown" title="Charlottetown">Charlottetown</a> attracted hundreds of protesters on February 12, mostly driving personal vehicles and farm equipment.<a href="#cite_note-381">[377]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_protests">International protests</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/France_convoy_protest" title="France convoy protest">France convoy protest</a>, <a href="/wiki/2022_Wellington_protest" title="2022 Wellington protest">2022 Wellington protest</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Convoy_to_Canberra" title="Convoy to Canberra">Convoy to Canberra</a></div> The Freedom Convoy also inspired several Facebook and <a href="/wiki/Telegram_(software)" title="Telegram (software)">Telegram</a> groups organizing similar protests in 34 countries including <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>, New Zealand, Australia and the United States.<a href="#cite_note-382">[378]</a><a href="#cite_note-383">[379]</a> As is the case in Canada, demonstrations were partly supported by local far-right groups; in Finland by members of <a href="/wiki/Neo-fascism" title="Neo-fascism">neo-fascist</a> <a href="/wiki/Blue-and-Black_Movement" title="Blue-and-Black Movement">Blue-and-Black Movement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soldiers_of_Odin" title="Soldiers of Odin">Soldiers of Odin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Power_Belongs_to_the_People" title="Power Belongs to the People">Power Belongs to the People</a>, and in Germany by the <a href="/wiki/Reichsb%C3%BCrger_movement" title="Reichsbürger movement">Reichsbürger movement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">Alternative for Germany</a>.<a href="#cite_note-384">[380]</a><a href="#cite_note-385">[381]</a><a href="#cite_note-386">[382]</a> In February 2022, a solidarity protest was organized in the United Kingdom with a convoy driving from <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> to London with stops in cities throughout the British isles. Other convoys were reported in <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> and parts of England.<a href="#cite_note-387">[383]</a> Officials in Paris and <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a> banned protests relating to the Freedom Convoy, following information from organizers of a similar event opposed to <a href="/wiki/Vaccine_passports_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic#France" title="Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic">France's Health Pass</a>, le Convoi de la Liberté, that five convoys from across France were due to reach Paris between February 11 and 14.<a href="#cite_note-388">[384]</a><a href="#cite_note-389">[385]</a> <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_France" title="Law enforcement in France">French Police</a> used <a href="/wiki/Tear_gas" title="Tear gas">tear gas</a> to disperse protesters, in addition to intercepting hundreds of vehicles and issuing hundreds of fines to those participating in the convoy.<a href="#cite_note-390">[386]</a><a href="#cite_note-391">[387]</a> On February 23, a group of American truckers began a solidarity protest convoy from California to Washington, D.C. called the "People's Convoy".<a href="#cite_note-392">[388]</a> In response, <a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">The Pentagon</a> approved the deployment of 700 unarmed <a href="/wiki/National_Guard_(United_States)" title="National Guard (United States)">National Guard</a> troops to D.C.<a href="#cite_note-393">[389]</a> In early March, a demonstration was held by convoy protesters in D.C. near the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Monument" title="Washington Monument">Washington Monument</a>, but only a small number of people attended.<a href="#cite_note-Less_Fanfare-394">[390]</a> One convoy called the "US Freedom Convoy" was scheduled to arrive in D.C. on March 1, but disbanded when only five trucks arrived in <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a> from Los Angeles.<a href="#cite_note-Less_Fanfare-394">[390]</a> Also in early March, more than 1,000 large trucks, recreational vehicles and cars gathered in the outskirts of D.C. as part of the "People's Convoy" protest. A website for the protest said that they will not enter "D.C. proper". One participant, who described himself as the lead trucker, said he would drive his truck into the city.<a href="#cite_note-395">[391]</a> After three weeks of protesting, on March 27, People's Convoy co-organizer Mike Landis announced that the convoy would leave D.C. and drive back to California.<a href="#cite_note-396">[392]</a> On May 20, 2022, the People's Convoy disbanded and declared "victory" despite never reentering D.C. as planned. Several smaller splinter groups formed in the aftermath of the disbandment, such as the 1776 Restoration Movement.<a href="#cite_note-397">[393]</a><a href="#cite_note-398">[394]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rolling_Thunder_Ottawa">Rolling Thunder Ottawa</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (June 2022)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> A motorcycle convoy of "hundreds" is scheduled to enter Ottawa on April 29. The group's route intends to stop at the <a href="/wiki/National_War_Memorial_(Canada)" title="National War Memorial (Canada)">National War Memorial</a> and Parliament Hill. Looking to avoid of a repeat of the previous convoy, Ottawa Police announced that vehicles would not be allowed near the Hill. Ottawa Police are to be joined by members of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Ontario Provincial Police, and various municipal police services.<a href="#cite_note-399">[395]</a> Up to 831 RCMP are available as special constables.<a href="#cite_note-2022-04-30-Ottawa-Citizen-slowly-but-bubbling-400">[396]</a> The Royal Canadian Legion distanced itself from the protest, stating in part "The Legion defends these sacred sites of Remembrance, and asserts that they should never be used as a backdrop for any other agenda beyond the act of Remembrance. Our hope and appeal to all who may gather before the National War Memorial this weekend is that they do so with a focus purely on Remembrance."<a href="#cite_note-2022-04-28-Ottawa-Citizen-401">[397]</a> A large crowd gathered on Rideau Street in the evening, in front of Rideau Centre. After an escalation of crowd aggression, police with helmets and shields were deployed. An attempted to occupy a parking lot was overturned. In total, seven people were arrested on the first evening.<a href="#cite_note-402">[398]</a> A professor who studies the dynamics of protests counted less than a thousand people at the rally, including police and journalists.<a href="#cite_note-2022-04-30-Ottawa-Citizen-slowly-but-bubbling-400">[396]</a> A counter protest, described as an "unwelcoming party", was held by locals at Strathcona Park.<a href="#cite_note-403">[399]</a> Saturday's planned events include a rally at Parliament Hill featuring COVID-19 conspiracy theorist <a href="/wiki/Chris_Sky" title="Chris Sky">Christopher Saccoccia</a>, widely referred to as Chris Sky. Rolling Thunder's organizer, Neil Sheard, has attempted to distance himself from Saccoccia.<a href="#cite_note-2022-04-30-Ottawa-Citizen-slowly-but-bubbling-400">[396]</a> Another group, "Ottawa Unity Chain," intends to form a human chain. It claims to have collaborated with Sheard's group.<a href="#cite_note-2022-04-30-Ottawa-Citizen-slowly-but-bubbling-400">[396]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Results_and_aftermath">Results and aftermath</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parliamentary_committee_investigations">Parliamentary committee investigations</h3></div> The <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a> committee structure lent itself to ongoing investigations, in the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_House_of_Commons_Standing_Committee_on_Finance" title="Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Finance">Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Finance</a> (FINA), the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_House_of_Commons_Standing_Committee_on_Public_Safety_and_National_Security" title="Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security">Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Public Safety and National Security</a> (SECU) and the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_House_of_Commons_Standing_Committee_on_Procedure_and_House_Affairs" title="Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs">Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs</a> (PROC). Early in March 2022, a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Special_Joint_Committee_on_the_Declaration_of_Emergency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Special Joint Committee on the Declaration of Emergency (page does not exist)">Special Joint Committee on the Declaration of Emergency</a> (DEDC) of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Senate</a> and the House of Commons was struck to investigate the events associated with it.<a href="#cite_note-pocdedc-404">[400]</a><a href="#cite_note-awcbcc-405">[401]</a><a href="#cite_note-abcgn-406">[402]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="FINA_Committee">FINA Committee</h4></div> The FINA committee had its first session on the Invocation of the Emergency Act and Related Measures on February 22 and, as of April 28, had elicited testimony from 22 witnesses over seven hearings.<a href="#cite_note-pocfina-407">[403]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="SECU_Committee">SECU Committee</h4></div> As early as February 10, before the protest ended, the SECU committee devoted two sessions to the Crowdfunding Platforms and Extremism Financing investigation,<a href="#cite_note-poccp-408">[404]</a> and interviewed 17 witnesses in the Occupation of Ottawa and the Federal Government's Response to Convoy Blockades segment.<a href="#cite_note-pocoo-409">[405]</a> On February 25, in sworn witness testimony to the SECU committee, Public Safety Minister <a href="/wiki/Marco_Mendicino" title="Marco Mendicino">Marco Mendicino</a>, in answer to the Shadow Minister for Public Safety <a href="/wiki/Raquel_Dancho" title="Raquel Dancho">Raquel Dancho</a>, stated that "I would just point out that from the very outset of the illegal blockade, that a number of organizers and leaders of the so-called Freedom Convoy made a number of profoundly concerning and extremist statements calling for the overthrow of the government through violence."<a href="#cite_note-ctmuep-410">[406]</a> On March 24, the Commissioner of the <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Provincial_Police" title="Ontario Provincial Police">Ontario Provincial Police</a> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carrique_(police_officer)" title="Thomas Carrique (police officer)">Thomas Carrique</a> stated in sworn testimony before the committee that "the province's intelligence bureau identified a threat associated with the lengthy protest in the national capital on February 7, one week before the federal government invoked the <a href="/wiki/Emergencies_Act" title="Emergencies Act">Emergencies Act</a>...that the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Convoy" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom Convoy">Freedom Convoy</a> blockades were a provincial and national emergency" and that the "situation and the associated events simultaneously taking place across Canada required unprecedented national collaboration to prevent injury, preserve life and protect critical infrastructure."<a href="#cite_note-eitcp-411">[407]</a><a href="#cite_note-abcgn-406">[402]</a> On May 19, Shadow Minister for Emergency Preparedness <a href="/wiki/Dane_Lloyd" title="Dane Lloyd">Dane Lloyd</a> asked <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Public_Safety" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Public Safety">Minister of Public Safety</a> <a href="/wiki/Marco_Mendicino" title="Marco Mendicino">Marco Mendicino</a> about the need for the invocation of the Emergencies Act and elicited the comment that the latter "stands by previous statements that the federal government invoked the Emergencies Act on the recommendation of law enforcement officials."<a href="#cite_note-kkpsm-412">[408]</a> The "previous statements" were in witness testimony that Mendicino made at a SECU committee hearing in April, to wit that the government "invoked the act because it was the advice of non-partisan professional law enforcement that the existing authorities were ineffective at the time to restore public safety."<a href="#cite_note-srcbc-413">[409]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="PROC_Committee">PROC Committee</h4></div> On May 17, the PROC committee heard sworn testimony from interim Ottawa Police Chief <a href="/w/index.php?title=Steve_Bell_(Ottawa_police_chief)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steve Bell (Ottawa police chief) (page does not exist)">Steve Bell</a> that at no time did he request the invocation of the <a href="/wiki/Emergencies_Act" title="Emergencies Act">Emergencies Act</a> from the Trudeau government.<a href="#cite_note-mwctv-414">[410]</a><a href="#cite_note-srcbc-413">[409]</a><a href="#cite_note-kkgm-415">[411]</a><a href="#cite_note-srcp24-416">[412]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="DEDC_Committee">DEDC Committee</h4></div> Early on in the life of the DECD committee its NDP co-chair, <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Green_(Canadian_politician)" title="Matthew Green (Canadian politician)">Matthew Green</a>, said that committee members "have a 'responsibility' to work together" in light of the disagreement of the Official Opposition over the constitution of the committee. It consisted of seven MPs and four senators. On March 6, co-chair Green was "interested in looking at the actions of police (or the lack of them), the role played by 'dark money' raised through" the <a href="/wiki/GoFundMe" title="GoFundMe">GoFundMe</a> and <a href="/wiki/GiveSendGo" title="GiveSendGo">GiveSendGo</a> crowdfunding platforms.<a href="#cite_note-awcbcc-405">[401]</a> The Senate co-chair (one of three), <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Boniface" title="Gwen Boniface">Gwen Boniface</a>,<a href="#cite_note-abcgn-406">[402]</a> was the OPP commissioner from 1998 until 2006.<a href="#cite_note-awcbcc-405">[401]</a> On May 11, RCMP Commissioner <a href="/wiki/Brenda_Lucki" title="Brenda Lucki">Brenda Lucki</a> stated under oath to the DECD committee that "while her agency was consulted, it never requested nor recommended the [Emergency Act]'s use".<a href="#cite_note-rcmpht-417">[413]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Public_Order_Emergency_Commission">Public Order Emergency Commission</h4></div> On April 25, Trudeau announced the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Public_Order_Emergency_Commission" title="Public Order Emergency Commission">Public Order Emergency Commission</a>, an independent inquiry into the invocation of the Emergencies Act headed by Justice <a href="/wiki/Paul_Rouleau" title="Paul Rouleau">Paul Rouleau</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fraser2-418">[414]</a> The inquiry is independent of the parliamentary review committee.<a href="#cite_note-Fraser1-419">[415]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fraser2-418">[414]</a> By law, the inquiry must complete its report and submit it to Parliament by February 20, 2023.<a href="#cite_note-Fraser1-419">[415]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fraser2-418">[414]</a> The inquiry was scheduled initially to start on September 19, 2022, and run until October 28, 2022.<a href="#cite_note-torontosun.com-420">[416]</a> Due to Justice Rouleau undergoing surgery to address a health issue, it is now expected to complete its public hearings on November 25, 2022.<a href="#cite_note-torontosun.com-420">[416]</a> A government press release said it is hoped investigations will "prevent these events from happening again".<a href="#cite_note-Tunney12-421">[417]</a> Conservatives said the investigations are too focused on the actions of protesters and their fundraising, and not on justifying the use of the Emergencies Act or determining whether it was appropriate for it to have been invoked.<a href="#cite_note-Tunney12-421">[417]</a> The commission, which released its report on February 17, 2023,<a href="#cite_note-422">[418]</a> concluded that the threshold for invoking the Emergencies Act had been met.<a href="#cite_note-423">[419]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_loss_and_costs">Economic loss and costs</h3></div> On February 15, there were reports that the blockage of the Ambassador Bridge could result in and costs to the automobile industry representing approximately US$1.2 billion in the economies of both the United States and Canada.<a href="#cite_note-Hall_Barghouthi_20220215-30">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kiertzner_20220215-424">[420]</a> The Director of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo" title="University of Waterloo">University of Waterloo</a>'s Cross Border Institute stated to CBC News that the economic loss from the Ambassador Bridge blockade was between $3 billion and $6 billion. Every day, vehicles and auto parts valued at approximately US$141.1 million flow across the Bridge. Major auto manufacturers were forced to pause production; "automakers and their suppliers" were having to "scramble to get parts to plants on time" for the current week's run.<a href="#cite_note-Hall_Barghouthi_20220215-30">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-Leonhardt_20220214-425">[421]</a> A previous estimate by BBC on February 12 said that the estimated total cost to the automobile industry was about US$600 million (c. CA$763 million).<a href="#cite_note-BBC_20220212-426">[422]</a> Experts say that the economic effects will be "felt by the auto industry and others for weeks".<a href="#cite_note-Hall_Barghouthi_20220215-30">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-Leonhardt_20220214-425">[421]</a> The demand for vehicles is strong even with prices at record highs, but dealers' lots remain empty.<a href="#cite_note-Hall_Barghouthi_20220215-30">[27]</a> Reuters reported citing <a href="/wiki/IHS_Markit" title="IHS Markit">IHS Markit</a>'s data that the "estimated loss" by February 14 "to the auto industry alone could be as high as $850 million."<a href="#cite_note-Reuters_Tarnowski_20220214-427">[423]</a> Twenty-five per cent of the value of "all U.S.-Canada goods trade" pass over the Ambassador Bridge daily—approximately $360 million in both directions a day.<a href="#cite_note-Reuters_Tarnowski_20220214-427">[423]</a> During the first week alone, businesses in downtown Ottawa, including the city's busiest and largest shopping mall, the Rideau Centre, lost nearly CA$20 million, according to the Retail Council of Canada.<a href="#cite_note-Pittis_20220214-428">[424]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="In_Ottawa">In Ottawa</h4></div> Canadian economist <a href="/wiki/Armine_Yalnizyan" title="Armine Yalnizyan">Armine Yalnizyan</a> estimated losses such as workers' wages—CA$11 million a day for a total of $264 million—as well as other costs that Canadian taxpayers would have to pay for damages caused by the "Ottawa occupation". The estimated loss of sales at the <a href="/wiki/Rideau_Centre" title="Rideau Centre">Rideau Centre</a>—$3 million a day according to the <a href="/wiki/Retail_Council_of_Canada" title="Retail Council of Canada">Retail Council of Canada</a>—amounts to a total of $72 million. Over 50 per cent of the 235 businesses in the area that was blockaded lost revenue. Taxpayers will pay for the $300 a week for those workers who are eligible for the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Worker_Lockdown_Benefit" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada Worker Lockdown Benefit">Canada Worker Lockdown Benefit</a>. They will also pay for the $20 million the federal government will provide to local businesses who lost revenues. The $2.5 million for Ottawa LRT free public transit will be paid by taxpayers, as will the millions of dollars for extra police reinforcements. Yalnizyan also noted the "incalculable damage" to Canada's international reputation as a trade partner which could have a negative impact on supply chains and "political discourse." She did not include the cost to those who lived in the neighbourhoods most impacted, who could not leave their homes and in some cases were "unable to sleep or access clean air or, at times, even food." As well, other communities and neighbourhoods had to live with a reduced police force and therefore reduced safety, as officers were seconded to Ottawa's downtown core.<a href="#cite_note-Yalnizyan_20220223-429">[425]</a> The Ottawa Police Service (OPS) initially claimed that every day protests were ongoing was costing CA$800,000.<a href="#cite_note-Gaviola_20220208-430">[426]</a><a href="#cite_note-OTCPA-431">[427]</a> Consistent with earlier estimates, Ottawa Police Services Board announced on February 15 that the cost was around $785,000 per day, resulting in an estimated $14.1 million over the course of 18 days.<a href="#cite_note-Millions_spent-432">[428]</a> According to Mayor Watson, the Chief of Police's request for 1,800 additional officers could increase the cost to $2.5 million daily.<a href="#cite_note-Gaviola_20220208-430">[426]</a> In comparison, by February 8, the cost of the truck convoy had already eclipsed the $620,000 in average policing costs for Ottawa's annual <a href="/wiki/Canada_Day" title="Canada Day">Canada Day</a> celebrations.<a href="#cite_note-Gaviola_20220208-430">[426]</a> In addition to policing costs, by February 7, the convoy cost an additional $1 million in other city services.<a href="#cite_note-Gaviola_20220208-430">[426]</a> The closure began January 29, with the mall reopening on February 22. An imitation firearm in the mall resulted in a police-led evacuation, multiple hour closure, and closure of the O-Train at nearby stations.<a href="#cite_note-433">[429]</a><a href="#cite_note-434">[430]</a><a href="#cite_note-435">[431]</a> Based on a <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Convoy_class_action_lawsuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom Convoy class action lawsuit">class-action lawsuit</a> against organizers, lawyer Paul Champ estimated that lost wages and revenue in the downtown core totalled at least $CA306 million.<a href="#cite_note-436">[432]</a> Efforts to fundraise for affected charities includes one called "Make Ottawa Boring Again."<a href="#cite_note-437">[433]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Alberta–Montana_2">Alberta–Montana</h4></div> According to a February 3 CTV News report, the economic loss of the <a href="/wiki/Sweetgrass%E2%80%93Coutts_Border_Crossing" title="Sweetgrass–Coutts Border Crossing">Sweetgrass–Coutts Border Crossing</a> border crossing closure was estimated at CA$220 million.<a href="#cite_note-Thomas_20220203-438">[434]</a> Canadian Manufacturers & Exporters estimated on February 3, that $44 million in daily cross-border trade was affected by the blockade at the border crossing that averages CA$15.9 billion annually in two-way trade.<a href="#cite_note-Thomas_20220203-438">[434]</a><a href="#cite_note-CME-439">[435]</a> Alberta RCMP tried to negotiate with the protesters blocking access to the Coutts border crossing.<a href="#cite_note-Negotiation_usually-313">[309]</a> Police attempted to clear the blockade on February 2, 2022, by blocking access to the protest site and ordering participants to leave or face arrest.<a href="#cite_note-Terrifying_Hit-440">[436]</a> The operation was halted due to safety concerns, after multiple vehicles drove around the police barricades to reach the border blockade, travelled on the wrong side of the highway, and two vehicles collided.<a href="#cite_note-Terrifying_Hit-440">[436]</a> A local resident alleged that her SUV was hit by one of these vehicles while she and her family were attempting to get groceries.<a href="#cite_note-Terrifying_Hit-440">[436]</a> Someone from the other vehicle punched the resident's husband, who received stitches as a result.<a href="#cite_note-Terrifying_Hit-440">[436]</a> The RCMP began a new operation to clear the blockade, after discovering and seizing a substantial cache of guns and armour on February 14. There were 13 arrests on February 14 in relation to this seizure.<a href="#cite_note-NYT21522-441">[437]</a> The border crossing fully re-opened on February 15, after protest participants agreed to leave peacefully.<a href="#cite_note-Border_operations_resume-442">[438]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ontario–Michigan_2">Ontario–Michigan</h4></div> The economic loss caused by the blockade at the <a href="/wiki/Ambassador_Bridge" title="Ambassador Bridge">Ambassador Bridge</a> connecting Windsor and Detroit, due to initial delays, was estimated at US$50 million per day when border crossing was still open but at a standstill, according to a February 9 Guardian article.<a href="#cite_note-Lindeman_20220209-443">[439]</a> BBC reported on February 12 that due to rerouting to other border crossings, that the estimated total cost to the automobile industry was calculated at approximately US$600 million (c. CA$763 million).<a href="#cite_note-BBC_20220212-426">[422]</a> According to the United States State Department Ambassador Bridge website, there is US$323 million worth of goods crossing it daily; with 10,000 commercial vehicles crossing each week day; and US$1.7 billion in total "value in trade between Canada and the US every day."<a href="#cite_note-BBC_20220212-426">[422]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Manitoba–North_Dakota_2">Manitoba–North Dakota</h4></div> The blockade in <a href="/wiki/Emerson,_Manitoba" title="Emerson, Manitoba">Emerson, Manitoba</a>, was estimated to be causing CA$70–73 million in economic loss each day.<a href="#cite_note-cbc.ca-360">[356]</a><a href="#cite_note-winnipeg.ctvnews.ca-361">[357]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Criticism_of_Ottawa_Police">Criticism of Ottawa Police</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be updated. The reason given is: the section describes investigations begun in 2022 but not their outcomes.. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (November 2024)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> In response to criticism that police had been too soft on "disruptive protesters", on February 1, Chief Sloly said that it was a "measure of success" that there were "no riots, no injuries, no deaths".<a href="#cite_note-444">[440]</a> By February 4, Ottawa Police's response to the protests and later encampments of lingering protesters drew criticism from local residents. Complaints focused around lack of enforcement on noise due to constant horn-honking,<a href="#cite_note-445">[441]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto8-446">[442]</a> disruption of livelihoods<a href="#cite_note-auto8-446">[442]</a> and continued gridlock.<a href="#cite_note-447">[443]</a> Police later addressed some concerns by issuing 30 tickets on February 3.<a href="#cite_note-448">[444]</a> Criticism has also focused on "the sharp contrast between the occupiers' reception and the ways police forces all over Canada treat Black and Indigenous people, who are violently policed for existing in public space, let alone protesting."<a href="#cite_note-449">[445]</a> On February 4, Ottawa Police hired <a href="/wiki/Navigator_Ltd" title="Navigator Ltd">Navigator Ltd</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Crisis_management" title="Crisis management">crisis public relations</a> firm to aid in handling messaging to the public.<a href="#cite_note-450">[446]</a> By February 13, on Day 17, federal Minister Blair "urged the police to do their jobs, enforce the law and restore order".<a href="#cite_note-Boutilier_20220213-451">[447]</a><a href="#cite_note-Aiello_20220213-315">[311]</a> Police enforcement of "layers of laws, injunctions, and emergency orders already in effect" was minimal, which further "emboldened" protesters on Ottawa's downtown core.<a href="#cite_note-Aiello_20220213-315">[311]</a> On day 19 of the protests, February 15, Sloly resigned as Chief of the Ottawa Police Service. Public Safety Minister <a href="/wiki/Marco_Mendicino" title="Marco Mendicino">Marco Mendicino</a> announced that the RCMP and OPP would assume control of the situation in Ottawa.<a href="#cite_note-452">[448]</a> On February 16, Ottawa city councillor <a href="/wiki/Diane_Deans" title="Diane Deans">Diane Deans</a> was removed by council as chair of the Police board, in a 15–9 vote. Councillors described the board as ineffective in oversight, and were critical of the hiring of an interim chief without consultation. Hiring is something the Ontario Police Services Act allows them to do, and the choice had received support of the Ontario Solicitor General. A vote to remove councillor Carol Anne Meehan from the board failed. Councillor Rawlson King resigned from the board during the meeting. A citizen vice chair resigned earlier in the day.<a href="#cite_note-453">[449]</a><a href="#cite_note-454">[450]</a><a href="#cite_note-455">[451]</a> Six investigators and two forensic investigators from the <a href="/wiki/Special_Investigations_Unit_(Ontario)" title="Special Investigations Unit (Ontario)">Special Investigations Unit</a> are investigating two incidents involving the police. The first is an incident on Friday, at about 5:14 p.m. on <a href="/wiki/Rideau_Street" title="Rideau Street">Rideau Street</a> and Mackenzie Avenue involving a <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Police_Service" title="Toronto Police Service">Toronto Police Service</a> officer in the mounted police unit and a 49-year-old woman, who "has a reported serious injury".<a href="#cite_note-SIU_20220220-456">[452]</a> The family of the woman said that "she is alive and is recovering from a broken clavicle." This was also confirmed by paramedics.<a href="#cite_note-Raymond_20220220-457">[453]</a><a href="#cite_note-459">[e]</a> On "Saturday, at about 7:18 p.m. <a href="/wiki/Vancouver_Police_Department" title="Vancouver Police Department">Vancouver Police Department</a> officers discharged Anti-Riot Weapon Enfields (<a href="/wiki/Non-lethal_weapon" title="Non-lethal weapon">less-lethal firearms</a>) at individuals in the area of Sparks Street and Bank Street".<a href="#cite_note-Raymond_20220220-457">[453]</a> The Ottawa Police Services Board unanimously supported a motion on February 24, for the <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Civilian_Police_Commission" title="Ontario Civilian Police Commission">Ontario Civilian Police Commission</a> to open an investigation into the response to the protest.<a href="#cite_note-460">[455]</a> From an <a href="/wiki/Access_to_Information_Act" title="Access to Information Act">access-to-information request</a>, emails between the <a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Commission" title="National Capital Commission">National Capital Commission</a> and Ottawa Police Services revealed that law enforcement overall was hampered by poor communication, disagreement on approaches and tactics, and confusion over jurisdiction.<a href="#cite_note-461">[456]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Criminal_investigations">Criminal investigations</h3></div> Active investigations are underway for a number of widely publicized incidents including those related to the Unknown Soldier's memorial and the Terry Fox statue as well as for more general incidents, including bribery, threats, assault, dangerous driving, and setting a fire in a building.<a href="#cite_note-Arrest_third-164">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBC_Tunney_20220130-159">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-globalnews_Jackson_20220130-462">[457]</a><a href="#cite_note-Coletta_20220131-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-apartmentfire-463">[458]</a> An OPS hotline has been set up where victims can report crimes, including hate crimes.<a href="#cite_note-OPS_20220131-302">[298]</a> Chief Sloly warned offenders that if they had come from elsewhere and committed a crime, including hate crime in Ottawa, there have been "intelligence officers, investigative officers, and multi-jurisdictional support" from across Canada at work in the background. He said, that "no matter where you live, no matter where your vehicles are registered ... You will be investigated ... We will look for you. We will charge you, if necessary, will arrest you, and we will pursue prosecutions against you."<a href="#cite_note-OPS_20220131-302">[298]</a> On February 7, some two dozen arrests were made, and nearly 80 criminal investigations had begun.<a href="#cite_note-464">[459]</a> On March 21, a 21-year-old Ottawa man unrelated to the protest was charged in connection with the fire.<a href="#cite_note-465">[460]</a> On April 6, a 41-year-old Ottawa man, also unrelated to the protest, was similarly charged.<a href="#cite_note-466">[461]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lawsuits">Lawsuits</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Class-action_lawsuit">Class-action lawsuit</h4></div> On February 4, 2022, Ottawa human rights lawyer Paul Champ filed a $9.8 million <a href="/wiki/Class-action_lawsuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Class-action lawsuit">class action lawsuit</a> against Chris Barber, Benjamin Ditcher, Tamara Lich, Patrick King and others as organizers of the Freedom Convoy on behalf of downtown Ottawa residents over continuous <a href="/wiki/Air_horn" title="Air horn">air horn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Train_horn" title="Train horn">train horn</a> noise.<a href="#cite_note-CTVlawsuit-467">[462]</a> Zexi Li, who lived in a high rise building in the centre of Ottawa and was a data analyst for <a href="/wiki/Shared_Services_Canada" title="Shared Services Canada">Shared Services Canada</a>, was chosen by Champ to be the lawsuit's lead complainant.<a href="#cite_note-468">[463]</a><a href="#cite_note-469">[464]</a><a href="#cite_note-470">[465]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-471">[466]</a> In response to the suit, convoy organizers agreed to cease horn noise until 1:00 p.m. on February 6. Many protesters ignored the agreement.<a href="#cite_note-Night_of_fireworks-472">[467]</a> The lawsuit went to court on the afternoon of February 5 and a hearing was adjourned to February 7.<a href="#cite_note-CTVlawsuit-467">[462]</a><a href="#cite_note-CTVhearing-473">[468]</a> On February 6, Champ posted an ultimatum to protesters in Ottawa that they would be released from the lawsuit if they left Ottawa by 10:00 a.m. <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Standard_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Standard Time">EST</a> on February 7.<a href="#cite_note-CTVhearing-473">[468]</a><a href="#cite_note-Floats_chance-474">[469]</a> On February 7, <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Superior_Court_of_Justice" title="Ontario Superior Court of Justice">Ontario Superior Court of Justice</a> Hugh McLean issued a 10-day <a href="/wiki/Injunction" title="Injunction">injunction</a> on vehicles from honking their horns in downtown Ottawa.<a href="#cite_note-Honk_Injunction-475">[470]</a> By February 17, the claim had expanded to include a class of businesses and was then at $CDN306 million. Union 613 and Happy Goat Coffee were added as plaintiffs.<a href="#cite_note-McGregor_20220217-476">[471]</a> On February 18, as part of a class-action civil suit against the Freedom Convoy organizers, an Ontario Superior Court judge has frozen as much as CA$20 million under a Mareva order that targets cryptocurrency, raised for the convoy protests in Ottawa. Paul Champ is the lawyer for the plaintiffs, residents of downtown Ottawa. The Mareva injunction, is separate from the federal government's efforts to work with banks to have accounts frozen. The injunction freezes convoy donations which could eventually be redistributed to residents who are including in the suit.<a href="#cite_note-Freeze_20220218-477">[472]</a> In a decision announced on February 6, 2024, a judge ruled against a motion filed by the protesters. Convoy organizers had attempted to get the lawsuit tossed, using a motion that referred to anti-SLAPP (strategic lawsuit against public participation) legislation. Superior Court Justice Calum MacLeod sided with Ottawa residents and businesses.<a href="#cite_note-478">[473]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Canadian_Civil_Liberties_Association">Canadian Civil Liberties Association</h4></div> On February 17, the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Civil_Liberties_Association" title="Canadian Civil Liberties Association">Canadian Civil Liberties Association</a> (CCLA) announced it was suing the federal government over the Act's invocation, stating that the Emergencies Act must be reserved for national emergencies, which they argued was a "legal standard that has not been met."<a href="#cite_note-479">[474]</a> The CCLA criticized the invocation of the Act in a press release, saying, "The federal government has not met the threshold necessary to invoke the Emergencies Act. This law creates a high and clear standard for good reason: the Act allows government to bypass ordinary democratic processes. This standard has not been met." In the same press release, the CCLA stated that the normalization of <a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency" title="State of emergency">emergency</a> legislation, "threatens our democracy and our civil liberties."<a href="#cite_note-480">[475]</a> On January 23, 2024, Judge <a href="/wiki/Richard_Mosley" title="Richard Mosley">Richard Mosley</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Court_of_Canada" title="Federal Court of Canada">Federal Court</a> ruled that while the protest itself "reflected an unacceptable breakdown of public order," the use of the Emergencies Act was unreasonable, <a href="/wiki/Ultra_vires" title="Ultra vires">ultra vires</a>, and had violated <a href="/wiki/Section_2_of_the_Canadian_Charter_of_Rights_and_Freedoms" title="Section 2 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms">Section 2(b)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Section_8_of_the_Canadian_Charter_of_Rights_and_Freedoms" title="Section 8 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms">Section 8</a> of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.<a href="#cite_note-Tunney3-481">[476]</a><a href="#cite_note-482">[477]</a> The court found that orders made under the act were "overbroad" infringing on the freedom of expression of protesters who did not intend to breach the peace, and that freezing of bank accounts and collecting of financial information from banks had amounted to unreasonable search and seizure.<a href="#cite_note-Tunney3-481">[476]</a><a href="#cite_note-FCNewsBulletin-483">[478]</a><a href="#cite_note-484">[479]</a> When asked about the ruling on the day of its release, Deputy Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Chrystia_Freeland" title="Chrystia Freeland">Chrystia Freeland</a> defended her government's actions, saying it was the correct decision at the time, and announced their intention to appeal.<a href="#cite_note-485">[480]</a><a href="#cite_note-486">[481]</a> In February 2024, the government appealed the ruling.<a href="#cite_note-487">[482]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Statements_and_reactions">Statements and reactions</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canadian_politicians">Canadian politicians</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Liberal_Party">Liberal Party</h4></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:300px; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> "Freedom of expression, assembly and association are cornerstones of democracy, but Nazi symbolism, racist imagery and desecration of war memorials are not." </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style="">— Justin Trudeau<a href="#cite_note-Insult-488">[483]</a></cite> </div> <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister of Canada</a>, dismissed the supply chain disruption concerns as unfounded on the basis that most Canadian truckers have been vaccinated.<a href="#cite_note-GlobalGilmore01242-489">[484]</a> On January 31, Trudeau called the protests an "insult to truth",<a href="#cite_note-Insult-488">[483]</a> saying that "we are not intimidated by those who hurl abuse at small business workers and steal food from the homeless" and "We won't give in to those who fly racist flags. We won't cave to those who engage in vandalism, or dishonour the memory of our veterans."<a href="#cite_note-Won't_Give-490">[485]</a> <a href="/wiki/Omar_Alghabra" title="Omar Alghabra">Omar Alghabra</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Transport_(Canada)" title="Minister of Transport (Canada)">Minister of Transport</a>, said on January 31, that since January 15 when the truck drivers' vaccine mandate came into effect, the traffic volumes of transport trucks crossing the Canada-US border had not decreased. Compared to the fall of 2021, and based on <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a>'s most recent figures, even with a "massive snowstorm, even though it was a U.S. holiday, we had almost 100,000 truckers cross the border".<a href="#cite_note-Viera_WSJ-491">[486]</a><a href="#cite_note-Zimonjic_20220131-492">[487]</a> On CTV's January 30 Question Period, Alghabra said that some voices in the crowd of protestors are "really disturbing and unacceptable" and "must be condemned"; this included those carrying signs with swastikas and Confederate flags, and those who called for the overthrow of the government.<a href="#cite_note-Turnbull_20220131-493">[488]</a><a href="#cite_note-494">[489]</a><a href="#cite_note-495">[490]</a><a href="#cite_note-496">[491]</a> On January 24, he described them as a "small number of far-right, vocal opposition that is polluting" the debate surrounding vaccine mandates.<a href="#cite_note-CBC-497">[492]</a><a href="#cite_note-498">[493]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Conservative_Party">Conservative Party</h4></div> <a href="/wiki/Erin_O%27Toole" title="Erin O'Toole">Erin O'Toole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Official_Opposition_(Canada)" title="Leader of the Official Opposition (Canada)">Leader of the Official Opposition</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">Conservative Party</a> as the convoys started, initially declined to support the protest, saying instead that the best way to maintain supply chains is for truckers to get vaccinated.<a href="#cite_note-GlobalGilmore01242-489">[484]</a> O'Toole then later said he would meet with the protesters, but would not participate in nor attend their demonstration in Ottawa.<a href="#cite_note-OTooleOttawa-499">[494]</a> O'Toole tweeted "I support their right to be heard, and I call on Justin Trudeau to meet with these hard-working Canadians to hear their concerns".<a href="#cite_note-Soft_police-170">[166]</a> O'Toole, a veteran of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Armed_Forces" title="Canadian Armed Forces">Canadian Armed Forces</a>, later condemned the protesters for desecrating the war memorials on Parliament Hill.<a href="#cite_note-PressProgress-262">[258]</a><a href="#cite_note-500">[495]</a> O'Toole was ousted on a leadership review on February 2, some party members citing his policy reversals on issues such as his support for the protest.<a href="#cite_note-501">[496]</a> Conservative MPs <a href="/wiki/Candice_Bergen_(politician)" title="Candice Bergen (politician)">Candice Bergen</a>,<a href="#cite_note-BigGreeting-113">[109]</a> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Scheer" title="Andrew Scheer">Andrew Scheer</a>,<a href="#cite_note-502">[497]</a> <a href="/wiki/Garnett_Genuis" title="Garnett Genuis">Garnett Genuis</a>,<a href="#cite_note-CBC-497">[492]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Poilievre" title="Pierre Poilievre">Pierre Poilievre</a>,<a href="#cite_note-503">[498]</a><a href="#cite_note-504">[499]</a> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Shields" title="Martin Shields">Martin Shields</a>,<a href="#cite_note-CTV1-505">[500]</a> <a href="/wiki/Warren_Steinley" title="Warren Steinley">Warren Steinley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Patzer" title="Jeremy Patzer">Jeremy Patzer</a>,<a href="#cite_note-GMJan23-506">[501]</a><a href="#cite_note-Patzer-and-King-507">[502]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leslyn_Lewis" title="Leslyn Lewis">Leslyn Lewis</a><a href="#cite_note-508">[503]</a><a href="#cite_note-509">[504]</a> all expressed their support for the convoy and truckers' movement, although some, such as Poilievre, denounced individual protesters who were promoting extremism.<a href="#cite_note-510">[505]</a><a href="#cite_note-511">[506]</a> <a href="/wiki/Damien_Kurek" title="Damien Kurek">Damien Kurek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Cooper_(politician)" title="Michael Cooper (politician)">Michael Cooper</a> attended the rally, serving food.<a href="#cite_note-512">[507]</a> Cooper was further interviewed on television. A person in behind Cooper had an upside-down Canadian flag with a <a href="/wiki/Swastika" title="Swastika">swastika</a>; Cooper says that he was unaware.<a href="#cite_note-NP-Cooper-513">[508]</a> Bergen, who became interim Conservative leader after Erin O'Toole's ouster, has privately advocated against dispersing protesters,<a href="#cite_note-514">[509]</a><a href="#cite_note-515">[510]</a> and insisted in the House that Trudeau extend an "olive branch".<a href="#cite_note-516">[511]</a> Before O'Toole was removed from the Conservative leadership, Bergen had implored him to support the protestors, saying that "there were good people on both sides", which has been described by writers as an echo of the phrase made by Donald Trump in regard to the <a href="/wiki/Unite_the_Right_rally" title="Unite the Right rally">Unite the Right rally</a> in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-517">[512]</a> On February 10, as a third border blockade began in Manitoba, the Conservatives reversed their position supporting the border blockades. Bergen called for the blockades to disperse, "for the sake of the economy", but vowed to continue pushing the governing Liberals to release a clear plan for ending COVID-19 restrictions.<a href="#cite_note-GMConsReverse-518">[513]</a><a href="#cite_note-519">[514]</a> During debate on the Emergencies Act, Conservative members of parliament dismissed the convoy; deputy whip <a href="/wiki/Lianne_Rood" title="Lianne Rood">Lianne Rood</a> called it joyful, and compared it to Canada Day. Conservative Member <a href="/wiki/Michael_Cooper_(politician)" title="Michael Cooper (politician)">Michael Cooper</a> called a Liberal Member "a despicable human being".<a href="#cite_note-2022-02-20-Star-Althia-Raj-520">[515]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_Canadian_politicians">Other Canadian politicians</h4></div> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_of_Canada" title="People's Party of Canada">People's Party of Canada</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Maxime_Bernier" title="Maxime Bernier">Maxime Bernier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Party" title="Ontario Party">Ontario Party</a> Leader <a href="/wiki/Derek_Sloan" title="Derek Sloan">Derek Sloan</a>,<a href="#cite_note-521">[516]</a><a href="#cite_note-522">[517]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> Ontario MPP <a href="/wiki/Randy_Hillier_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Randy Hillier (politician)">Randy Hillier</a> expressed support for the convoy protests. The People's Party organized a rally in <a href="/wiki/Waterloo,_Ontario" title="Waterloo, Ontario">Waterloo</a> on January 23 supporting the convoy, at which Bernier and Hillier both spoke.<a href="#cite_note-Global-523">[518]</a> Bernier also attended the January 29 event at Parliament Hill, criticizing Erin O'Toole for not attending.<a href="#cite_note-524">[519]</a> Hillier would later speak at the convoy, stating "this is the hill we die on."<a href="#cite_note-525">[520]</a> Hillier also spoke on <a href="/wiki/RT_(TV_network)" title="RT (TV network)">Russia Today</a> about the convoy, and later tweeted "Russia news provides a platform for objective journalism where Canadian msm [sic] creates fabrications".<a href="#cite_note-Parkhill_20220210-526">[521]</a> Other Canadian politicians—including <a href="/wiki/Jagmeet_Singh" title="Jagmeet Singh">Jagmeet Singh</a>, leader of the New Democratic Party, and <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_City_Council" title="Ottawa City Council">Ottawa City Councillor</a> <a href="/wiki/Catherine_McKenney" title="Catherine McKenney">Catherine McKenney</a>—described the protests as extremist.<a href="#cite_note-527">[522]</a><a href="#cite_note-528">[523]</a> Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Port_Coquitlam" title="Port Coquitlam">Port Coquitlam</a> Brad West condemned the defacing of Fox's statue during the protest.<a href="#cite_note-Vancouver-Sun-Fox-140">[136]</a> <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Ontario" title="Premier of Ontario">Premier of Ontario</a> <a href="/wiki/Doug_Ford" title="Doug Ford">Doug Ford</a> called the protest in Ottawa "an illegal occupation" and called for an end to the protests.<a href="#cite_note-529">[524]</a><a href="#cite_note-530">[525]</a> On January 29, <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_Saskatchewan" title="Premier of Saskatchewan">Premier of Saskatchewan</a> <a href="/wiki/Scott_Moe" title="Scott Moe">Scott Moe</a> issued a letter in support of the protest. Although repeatedly encouraging vaccination, Moe argued that it would only reduce the chance of severe outcomes, and did not prevent infection or transmission of COVID-19—a statement that was subsequently disputed—and for that reason he did not support the cross-border vaccine mandate, and would lift proof of vaccination requirements in Saskatchewan "in the not too-distant future".<a href="#cite_note-531">[526]</a><a href="#cite_note-532">[527]</a> Members of Parliament reported an increase in inappropriate and threatening calls to their offices, in correlation with the protests.<a href="#cite_note-533">[528]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_politicians_and_media_figures">American politicians and media figures</h3></div> Multiple <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> politicians and media figures endorsed the Freedom Convoy including <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">US Senators</a> <a href="/wiki/Marsha_Blackburn" title="Marsha Blackburn">Marsha Blackburn</a>,<a href="#cite_note-534">[529]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a>,<a href="#cite_note-NYTCC-50">[46]</a> <a href="/wiki/Steve_Daines" title="Steve Daines">Steve Daines</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Republicans_back-535">[530]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a>,<a href="#cite_note-536">[531]</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">US Representatives</a> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Banks" title="Jim Banks">Jim Banks</a>,<a href="#cite_note-537">[532]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dan_Bishop" title="Dan Bishop">Dan Bishop</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Republicans_back-535">[530]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lauren_Boebert" title="Lauren Boebert">Lauren Boebert</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Hannity_GBTTD-538">[533]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ken_Buck" title="Ken Buck">Ken Buck</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Republicans_back-535">[530]</a> <a href="/wiki/Madison_Cawthorn" title="Madison Cawthorn">Madison Cawthorn</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Hannity_GBTTD-538">[533]</a> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Gosar" title="Paul Gosar">Paul Gosar</a>,<a href="#cite_note-539">[534]</a> <a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene" title="Marjorie Taylor Greene">Marjorie Taylor Greene</a>,<a href="#cite_note-540">[535]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jordan" title="Jim Jordan">Jim Jordan</a>,<a href="#cite_note-541">[536]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">Kevin McCarthy</a>,<a href="#cite_note-542">[537]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chip_Roy" title="Chip Roy">Chip Roy</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Republicans_back-535">[530]</a> <a href="/wiki/Steve_Scalise" title="Steve Scalise">Steve Scalise</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Hannity_GBTTD-538">[533]</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_(United_States)" title="Governor (United States)">Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Ron_DeSantis" title="Ron DeSantis">Ron DeSantis</a>,<a href="#cite_note-543">[538]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kay_Ivey" title="Kay Ivey">Kay Ivey</a>,<a href="#cite_note-544">[539]</a> former US President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>,<a href="#cite_note-545">[540]</a> former Governor <a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee">Mike Huckabee</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Scott_20220207-85">[81]</a> former <a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff">White House Chief of Staff</a> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Meadows" title="Mark Meadows">Mark Meadows</a>,<a href="#cite_note-546">[541]</a> TV personalities <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_Jr." title="Donald Trump Jr.">Donald Trump Jr.</a>,<a href="#cite_note-547">[542]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lara_Trump" title="Lara Trump">Lara Trump</a>,<a href="#cite_note-548">[543]</a> and singer <a href="/wiki/Ted_Nugent" title="Ted Nugent">Ted Nugent</a>.<a href="#cite_note-549">[544]</a> Fox News' personalities <a href="/wiki/Tucker_Carlson" title="Tucker Carlson">Tucker Carlson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sean_Hannity" title="Sean Hannity">Sean Hannity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Laura_Ingraham" title="Laura Ingraham">Laura Ingraham</a><a href="#cite_note-Politico_Happening-550">[545]</a> expressed support for the protestors in broadcasts. Former <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to Canada">United States Ambassador to Canada</a> <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Heyman" title="Bruce Heyman">Bruce Heyman</a> criticized American groups' support and funding of the protests.<a href="#cite_note-551">[546]</a><a href="#cite_note-552">[547]</a> On February 10, US Transportation Secretary <a href="/wiki/Pete_Buttigieg" title="Pete Buttigieg">Pete Buttigieg</a> and Homeland Security Secretary <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Mayorkas" title="Alejandro Mayorkas">Alejandro Mayorkas</a> contacted their Canadian counterparts, recommended the use of Canadian federal powers, and offered the support of the Departments of Transportation and Homeland Security.<a href="#cite_note-553">[548]</a><a href="#cite_note-Politico_Happening-550">[545]</a> Michigan Governor <a href="/wiki/Gretchen_Whitmer" title="Gretchen Whitmer">Gretchen Whitmer</a> stated of the convoy, "It's hitting pay checks and production lines. That is unacceptable."<a href="#cite_note-554">[549]</a> According to CBC News, "While the Democrats and the White House said almost nothing about Trudeau invoking the Emergencies Act, the Republican ecosystem sprouted thickets of indignation." Carlson called Trudeau "Canadian dictator Justin Trudeau" and ran the headline: "Trudeau has declared Canada a dictatorship."<a href="#cite_note-Partisan_carnival-555">[550]</a> Facebook stated that they had removed fake users that were set up in overseas <a href="/wiki/Content_farm" title="Content farm">content farms</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, which were promoting the convoy protests in Canada. After this announcement, New York <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> Congresswoman <a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Maloney" title="Carolyn Maloney">Carolyn Maloney</a> questioned Facebook as to the number of the accounts, when they were identified and how many impressions they had on US and Canadian users, comparing it to <a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2016_United_States_elections" title="Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections">Russian interference in the 2016 US elections</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fake_Overseas-556">[551]</a> In a letter to Zuckerberg, Maloney cited that "One Bangladeshi firm was responsible for attracting more than 170,000 members to some of the largest 'Freedom Convoy' organizing groups on Facebook."<a href="#cite_note-557">[552]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fake_Overseas-556">[551]</a> After Ottawa was cleared, conservative commentator <a href="/wiki/Candace_Owens" title="Candace Owens">Candace Owens</a> called for American troops to be sent to Canada "to deal with the tyrannical reign of Justin Trudeau Castro." Alt-right personality <a href="/wiki/Mike_Cernovich" title="Mike Cernovich">Mike Cernovich</a> described Trudeau as a <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">fascist</a>.<a href="#cite_note-558">[553]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trucking_industry_and_labour_groups">Trucking industry and labour groups</h3></div> In their February 7 statement, <a href="/wiki/Teamsters_Canada" title="Teamsters Canada">Teamsters Canada</a>, representing more than 55,000 professional drivers, including approximately 15,000 long-haul truck drivers, of whom 90 per cent are vaccinated, said that the protest "serves to delegitimize the real concerns of most truck drivers today". The statement said that the convoy and "the despicable display of hate led by the political right and shamefully encouraged by elected conservative politicians does not reflect the values of Teamsters Canada."<a href="#cite_note-559">[554]</a> On January 25, the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Trucking_Alliance" title="Canadian Trucking Alliance">Canadian Trucking Alliance</a> (CTA), a truckers' <a href="/wiki/Trade_association" title="Trade association">trade association</a>, and the federal government issued a formal statement reinforcing the use of vaccinations, along with other public health measures, to protect Canadian health care and to reduce COVID-19 risk. In the statement, the CTA and the government committed to working together to respond to supply chain constraints.<a href="#cite_note-560">[555]</a> A January 29 CTA statement cautioned the public that a "great number of protestors" have no connection to the trucking industry and "have a separate agenda beyond a disagreement over cross border vaccine requirements".<a href="#cite_note-Murphy_20220129-561">[556]</a><a href="#cite_note-CTAJan29-562">[557]</a> CTA's January 22 statement had announced that they do "not support and strongly disapprove of any protests on public roadways, highways, and bridges" and the disruption of the "motoring public on highways and commerce at the border". CTA members can express their disagreement with government policies by holding an "organized, lawful event on Parliament Hill". CTA's president, Stephen Laskowski, said the trucking industry "must adapt and comply with this mandate".<a href="#cite_note-563">[558]</a><a href="#cite_note-CTA_20220125-564">[559]</a> The Private Motor Truck Council of Canada noted concern about the convoy's "racist remarks", citing the comparisons to <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">communism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-565">[560]</a> The Atlantic Provinces Trucking Association and the British Columbia Trucking Association both criticized the protest.<a href="#cite_note-Atlantic_Association-566">[561]</a><a href="#cite_note-RedDeerAdvocate-38">[34]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Labour_Congress" title="Canadian Labour Congress">Canadian Labour Congress</a> called the protest in Ottawa "an occupation by an angry mob trying to disguise itself as a peaceful protest".<a href="#cite_note-567">[562]</a> Various trucking companies have tried to distance themselves from the convoys, claiming that the vehicles are owner-operated, despite featuring their logos.<a href="#cite_note-568">[563]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mass_media_outlets">Mass media outlets</h3></div> According to <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, "In an increasingly polarized political environment, the Canadian truckers became an instant <a href="/wiki/Cause_c%C3%A9l%C3%A8bre" title="Cause célèbre">cause célèbre</a>."<a href="#cite_note-NYTCC-50">[46]</a> Though declaring "We disagree with protestors' cause", the newspaper conceded that "[protestors] have a right to be noisy and even disruptive."<a href="#cite_note-NYTCC-50">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTCC_hot_air-569">[564]</a> In late January, CBC host <a href="/wiki/Nil_K%C3%B6ksal" title="Nil Köksal">Nil Köksal</a> pondered that "there is concern that Russian actors could be continuing to fuel things as this protest grows. But perhaps even instigating it from, from the outset".<a href="#cite_note-570">[565]</a><a href="#cite_note-Added_perspectives-571">[566]</a> In October 2022, the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="Canadian Security Intelligence Service">Canadian Security Intelligence Service</a> said no foreign actors had funded or supported the convoy protests.<a href="#cite_note-572">[567]</a> A 2023 study by <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Orr_Bueno" title="Caroline Orr Bueno">Caroline Orr Bueno</a> found that RT covered the protests far more than any other outlet.<a href="#cite_note-573">[568]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rich_Lowry" title="Rich Lowry">Rich Lowry</a> of Politico argued that "The embrace of the Canadian trucker protesters by the American right is a sign that the <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party</a> spirit circa the early Obama years was never fully extinguished. Since then, everything has changed — most importantly, the rise of Donald Trump and his movement — and nothing has changed. It is freedom that remains the most natural and powerful Republican rallying cry."<a href="#cite_note-574">[569]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Miscellaneous">Miscellaneous</h3></div> Canadian scholar <a href="/wiki/Peter_McLaren" title="Peter McLaren">Peter McLaren</a> criticized the convoy protesters' "concept of freedom" as "sorely lacking in dialectical analysis", arguing that "they often limited their analysis to the blanket assertion that 'freedom' means the right to say no to any government restrictions on vaccinations, especially those impeding their ability to cross national borders, in this case, crossing freely between Canada and the United States". McLaren also argued that their concept of freedom "is historically linked to settler colonialism, that is, a form of colonialism grounded in exogenous domination, a form of colonialism that seeks to displace the original population of the colonized territory with new groups of settlers who typically justify such colonization through an identification with imperial authority."<a href="#cite_note-Colonial_State-575">[570]</a> General <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Eyre" title="Wayne Eyre">Wayne Eyre</a>, Canada's <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Defence_Staff_(Canada)" title="Chief of the Defence Staff (Canada)">Chief of the Defence Staff</a>, said he was "sickened to see protesters dance on the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Tomb_of_the_Unknown_Soldier" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Tomb of the Unknown Soldier">Tomb of the Unknown Soldier</a> and desecrate the <a href="/wiki/National_War_Memorial_(Canada)" title="National War Memorial (Canada)">National War Memorial</a>", after video of such events surfaced online January 29.<a href="#cite_note-PressProgress-262">[258]</a><a href="#cite_note-Unknown-Soldier-576">[571]</a> In late January 2022, <a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Elon Musk</a> tweeted "Canadian truckers rule" and followed it up with "if you scare people enough, they will demand removal of freedom. This is the path to tyranny".<a href="#cite_note-577">[572]</a><a href="#cite_note-578">[573]</a> Musk also tweeted "if Canadian government is suppressing peaceful protests, that's where fascism lies".<a href="#cite_note-579">[574]</a> On February 17, Musk tweeted a meme comparing Justin Trudeau to <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>, using a meme sympathetic to Hitler. The tweet was later deleted.<a href="#cite_note-580">[575]</a><a href="#cite_note-Musk_Ratchets-581">[576]</a><a href="#cite_note-582">[577]</a><a href="#cite_note-Elon_Justin-583">[578]</a> The <a href="/wiki/American_Jewish_Committee" title="American Jewish Committee">American Jewish Committee</a> condemned Musk's tweet and demanded an apology from him. The <a href="/wiki/Auschwitz_Memorial" class="mw-redirect" title="Auschwitz Memorial">Auschwitz Memorial</a> also condemned Musk's tweet.<a href="#cite_note-Elon_Justin-583">[578]</a> Barry Prentice, transportation economy professor at <a href="/wiki/University_of_Manitoba" title="University of Manitoba">University of Manitoba</a>, stated that the truckers should be treated differently than flight crews or passenger-train employees, and that the positive aspects of vaccine mandates should be evaluated against the disruptions they would cause to the freight industry.<a href="#cite_note-GMJan23-506">[501]</a> English comedian <a href="/wiki/Russell_Brand" title="Russell Brand">Russell Brand</a> released a video decrying the media for ignoring reporting on the protest. Brand also said in the video that "truckers, who were previously regarded as heroes when they were delivering vital goods and working during the lockdown, are now villains as they protest vaccine mandates".<a href="#cite_note-American_media_personalities-584">[579]</a><a href="#cite_note-CRBVSFCT-585">[580]</a> <a href="/wiki/Krista_Haynes" title="Krista Haynes">Krista Haynes</a>, daughter of Ontario Premier <a href="/wiki/Doug_Ford" title="Doug Ford">Doug Ford</a> and active anti-lockdown and anti-vaccine campaigner,<a href="#cite_note-586">[581]</a><a href="#cite_note-587">[582]</a><a href="#cite_note-588">[583]</a> attended a rally in support of the truckers as they headed to Ottawa.<a href="#cite_note-589">[584]</a><a href="#cite_note-590">[585]</a> Canadian government attracted strong reaction from <a href="/wiki/Indian_people" title="Indian people">Indian</a> <a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">social media</a>. Several commentators <a href="/wiki/Mockery" title="Mockery">ridiculed</a> Trudeau, calling the protest <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a> for supporting <a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Indian_farmers%27_protest" title="2020–2021 Indian farmers' protest">2020–2021 Indian farmers' protest</a>. <a href="#cite_note-wion_karma_trudeau-591">[586]</a><a href="#cite_note-firstpost_karma_trudeau-592">[587]</a><a href="#cite_note-the_print_karma_trudeau-593">[588]</a> Actor <a href="/wiki/Kangana_Ranaut" title="Kangana Ranaut">Kangana Ranaut</a> posted on <a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a>, "Canadian PM Trudeau was encouraging Indian protestors... now in the midst of protests in his country he is hiding at a secret location... law of Karma strikes again."<a href="#cite_note-kangana_hindustan_times-594">[589]</a><a href="#cite_note-kangana_tech_outlook-595">[590]</a><a href="#cite_note-kangana_toi-596">[591]</a> Sportsperson <a href="/wiki/Surendra_Poonia" title="Surendra Poonia">Surendra Poonia</a> tweeted "Karma returns! Truckers protest in Canada intensifies... [Trudeau] supported tractors on roads of Delhi now facing same in his own country."<a href="#cite_note-kangana_hindustan_times-594">[589]</a> <a href="/wiki/Amish_Devgan" title="Amish Devgan">Amish Devgan</a> tweeted "Karma Strikes harder, Trudeau supported Tractors protests in Delhi last year on <a href="/wiki/Republic_Day_(India)" title="Republic Day (India)">Jan 26th</a>, and now [he] & his family ran away to secret location due to security threat."<a href="#cite_note-the_print_karma_trudeau-593">[588]</a> <a href="/wiki/Indo-Canadians" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Canadians">Indian diaspora in Canada</a> expressed concern over the imposition of emergency in Canada, drawing comparisons with the absence of such extreme measures when the Indian government had to deal with year-long protests by farmers.<a href="#cite_note-HT_learn_from_Modi-597">[592]</a><a href="#cite_note-HT_organizations_slam_Trudeau-598">[593]</a><a href="#cite_note-Saad_escape_east_coast-599">[594]</a> Canada India Global Forum, an Indo-Canadian organization, urged Canadian PM to "follow the example of [Indian] Prime Minister [Narendra] <a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Modi</a> in handling peaceful protests through democratic means.”<a href="#cite_note-HT_learn_from_Modi-597">[592]</a><a href="#cite_note-india_today_learn_from_Modi-600">[595]</a> National Association of Indo-Canadians president Azad Kaushik also criticized the Canadian government, tweeting "Canada’s image as a soft power suddenly turns into a hard one unexpected of a 21st century democracy, a loss to not just Canadians but the world."<a href="#cite_note-HT_organizations_slam_Trudeau-598">[593]</a> Former President of Iran, <a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Ahmadinejad" title="Mahmoud Ahmadinejad">Mahmoud Ahmadenijad</a>, praised the protests, tweeting "violent crackdown on #FreedomConvoy2022 has nothing to do with freedom of speech and human rights. How coercion could be related to liberty & freedom of choice?" and signed off with "#TruckersForFreedom".<a href="#cite_note-601">[596]</a> <a href="/wiki/Great_Barrington_Declaration" title="Great Barrington Declaration">Great Barrington Declaration</a> co-author <a href="/wiki/Martin_Kulldorff" title="Martin Kulldorff">Martin Kulldorff</a> tweeted in support of the protests.<a href="#cite_note-602">[597]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Examiner" title="Washington Examiner">Washington Examiner</a>, psychologist and conservative commentator <a href="/wiki/Jordan_Peterson" title="Jordan Peterson">Jordan Peterson</a> offered a "message of congratulations and caution" to the convoy.<a href="#cite_note-603">[598]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Legion" title="Royal Canadian Legion">Royal Canadian Legion</a> called protesters dancing on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier "shocking" and "strongly condemn[ed]" their actions.<a href="#cite_note-PressProgress-262">[258]</a><a href="#cite_note-Unknown-Soldier-576">[571]</a> On February 12, as a convoy passed through <a href="/wiki/Charlottetown" title="Charlottetown">Charlottetown</a>, a lone veteran stood guard at the <a href="/wiki/Cenotaph" title="Cenotaph">cenotaph</a> outside <a href="/wiki/Province_House_(Prince_Edward_Island)" title="Province House (Prince Edward Island)">Province House</a> to prevent the same disrespect of the monument.<a href="#cite_note-604">[599]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Simon_Wiesenthal_Center" title="Simon Wiesenthal Center">Simon Wiesenthal Center</a> for Holocaust Studies denounced the use of <a href="/wiki/Nazi_symbolism" title="Nazi symbolism">Nazi symbols</a> by some of the protesters.<a href="#cite_note-Insult-488">[483]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Justice_Centre_for_Constitutional_Freedoms" title="Justice Centre for Constitutional Freedoms">Justice Centre for Constitutional Freedoms</a> provides legal support of the convoy and its contacts with media.<a href="#cite_note-605">[600]</a><a href="#cite_note-606">[601]</a><a href="#cite_note-607">[602]</a> On February 12, Facebook removed anti-vaccine, pro-convoy Facebook groups that were run from Vietnam, Bangladesh, and Romania.<a href="#cite_note-608">[603]</a> Singer and activist Bill Fries, whose song "<a href="/wiki/Convoy_(song)" title="Convoy (song)">Convoy</a>" (recorded under his alias <a href="/wiki/C._W._McCall" title="C. W. McCall">C. W. McCall</a>) was used as a rallying cry for the movement, gave his implicit approval for the use of the song in that manner, and was pleased that the movement had caused an uptick in interest in the song, in the final interview he gave before he died.<a href="#cite_note-609">[604]</a> <a href="/wiki/Durham_Regional_Police_Service" title="Durham Regional Police Service">Durham Regional Police Service</a> Constable Erin Howard, who made a video while in uniform in her squad car supporting the protesters and later posted it online in January, was suspended and faced six charges under the <a href="/wiki/Police_Services_Act_(Ontario)" title="Police Services Act (Ontario)">Police Services Act</a>, including discreditable conduct and insubordination. Her first court hearing was held over <a href="/wiki/Zoom_(software)" title="Zoom (software)">Zoom</a> on May 5, 2022, with the proceeding then being adjourned until June 2022.<a href="#cite_note-610">[605]</a><a href="#cite_note-611">[606]</a> Some members of the <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">political left</a> were initially hesitant to criticize the convoy because "the truckers were often described as a working-class movement".<a href="#cite_note-Colonial_State-575">[570]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opinion_polls">Opinion polls</h3></div> In an <a href="/wiki/Abacus_Data" title="Abacus Data">Abacus Data</a> survey of 1,410 Canadian adults, undertaken before the protest turned into an occupation, between January 31 and February 2, 2022, 68 per cent stated that they "had very little in common" with the demonstrators and their ideology and 32 per cent of respondents stated that they "had a lot in common" with the protestors and their worldview. Furthermore, 43 per cent of respondents stated that they felt the protest was "respectful and appropriate", while 57 per cent viewed it as "offensive and inappropriate".<a href="#cite_note-612">[607]</a><a href="#cite_note-613">[608]</a> A study by Vox Pop Labs among a randomly pre-selected sample of 2,339 respondents, conducted between January 4 and 10, 2022, found that around 70 per cent of Canadians were willing to support a general vaccine mandate for all non-exempt adults over the age of 18, while around 30 per cent disagreed.<a href="#cite_note-614">[609]</a> A routine political poll by <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9ger_(company)" title="Léger (company)">Léger</a> in Canada questioned respondents on the protest between February 4 and 6, 2022, and found that it was opposed by 62 per cent of respondents, with 47 per cent strongly opposing it. 32 per cent supported it, while 7 per cent were unsure. On its subsequent questionnaire, a further 65 per cent expressed the belief that the convoy represented "a small minority of selfish Canadians," 57 per cent viewed it as "not about vaccine mandates and pandemic restrictions" but rather "an opportunity for right wing supremacist groups to rally and voice their frustrations about society," and 52 per cent likened it to the <a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Capitol_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 United States Capitol attack">2021 United States Capitol attack</a>. Opposition to the convoy was highest among respondents living in urban areas, those vaccinated for COVID-19, and those aged 55 and up; while support for the convoy was highest among the unvaccinated, respondents aged 18 to 54, and respondents living in <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a>.<a href="#cite_note-North_American_Tracker-615">[610]</a> Out of all ethnic groups, only <a href="/wiki/White_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="White Canadian">White Canadians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Filipino_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="Filipino Canadian">Filipino Canadians</a> had a majority support for the event.<a href="#cite_note-North_American_Tracker-615">[610]</a> A poll by Maru Public Opinion found that 64 per cent of Canadians polled would support the aid of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Armed_Forces" title="Canadian Armed Forces">Canadian Armed Forces</a> to tow trucks from the protests and 53 per cent of Canadians polled would support the use of force by Ottawa Police to clear out Ottawa protesters.<a href="#cite_note-616">[611]</a> An <a href="/wiki/Angus_Reid_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Angus Reid Institute">Angus Reid Institute</a> poll released on February 14 found that 72 per cent of Canadians polled thought that it was time for protesters to "go home, they have made their point." The poll also found that 65 per cent polled believed Trudeau's response has worsened the situation and 42 per cent said opposition leader Candice Bergen's response has worsened the situation.<a href="#cite_note-617">[612]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Nanos_Research" title="Nanos Research">Nanos Research</a> poll commissioned by CTV News and released on February 25 found that 51 per cent of Canadians polled thought the protests were ineffective, 15 per cent thought they were somewhat ineffective, 20 per cent thought they were somewhat effective, 12 per cent thought they were effective, and 2 per cent were unsure of the protests' impact.<a href="#cite_note-618">[613]</a> An <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">Economist</a>/<a href="/wiki/YouGov" title="YouGov">YouGov</a> poll conducted from February 12 to 15 found that 80% of Americans had heard of the convoy protests. The poll also found that 44 per cent of Americans opposed the convoy protests, while 40 per cent supported them. Among Republicans, 71 per cent supported the convoy protests, compared to 18 per cent of Democrats.<a href="#cite_note-Partisan_carnival-555">[550]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protests_in_the_21st_century" title="List of protests in the 21st century">List of protests in the 21st century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_vests_protests#Canada" title="Yellow vests protests">Yellow Vest Protests in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Populism_in_Canada" title="Populism in Canada">Populism in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Wellington_protest" title="2022 Wellington protest">2022 Wellington protest</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> January 29 (estimate): 5,000–18,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-Coletta_20220131-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto2-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto6-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> January 30 (estimate): 3,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-CBC_20220131-13">[13]</a> February 5 (estimate): 1,000 vehicles and 5,000 people.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> 2 (Ottawa),<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a> <a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a> 4 (Winnipeg),<a href="#cite_note-WpgFTR-19">[18]</a> 2 (Coutts)<a href="#cite_note-CBCcalm-20">[19]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> 196 (Ottawa),<a href="#cite_note-22">[20]</a> 42 (Windsor),<a href="#cite_note-auto7-23">[21]</a> 13 (Coutts),<a href="#cite_note-24">[22]</a> 16 (Surrey),<a href="#cite_note-25">[23]</a> 2 (Toronto), 2 (Peterborough),<a href="#cite_note-26">[24]</a> 1 (Winnipeg)<a href="#cite_note-27">[25]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> The Emergencies Act repealed the <a href="/wiki/War_Measures_Act" title="War Measures Act">War Measures Act</a>, which was passed in 1914. The reformed law was designed to provide more <a href="/wiki/Civil_right" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil right">civil right</a> protections and less likelihood for <a href="/wiki/Abuse_of_power" title="Abuse of power">abuse of power</a> than the War Measures Act.<a href="#cite_note-32">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[30]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-459"><a href="#cite_ref-459">^</a> The Special Investigations Unit is "an independent government agency that investigates the conduct of police officers that may have resulted in death, serious injury, sexual assault and/or the discharge of a firearm at a person."<a href="#cite_note-458">[454]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Highlights_Frustrations-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Highlights_Frustrations_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Highlights_Frustrations_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSeto2022" class="citation web cs1">Seto, Chris (January 27, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.therecord.com/news/waterloo-region/2022/01/27/freedom-rally-to-roll-through-waterloo-region-thursday-morning.html">"'Freedom Convoy' highlights frustrations over COVID-19 mandates"</a>. therecord.com. 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Retrieved February 9, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Trump+calls+Trudeau+%22far+left+lunatic%22+as+siege+continues+in+Ottawa&rft.date=2022-02-04&rft.aulast=Lum&rft.aufirst=Zi-Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2F02%2F04%2Ftrump-trudeau-ottawa-protests-00005944&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaher2022" class="citation news cs1">Maher, Stephen (February 1, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.macleans.ca/politics/the-conservative-revolt-has-begun/">"The Conservative revolt has begun"</a>. Maclean's. Toronto ON: St. Joseph Communications. Retrieved February 10, 2022. <q>Wells gives us a quick history lesson, reviewing the "east/west, insider/outsider shimmy" of Conservative politics in recent decades, although an infusion of Trumpism makes it hard to figure out what will happen this time.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Maclean%27s&rft.atitle=The+Conservative+revolt+has+begun&rft.date=2022-02-01&rft.aulast=Maher&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.macleans.ca%2Fpolitics%2Fthe-conservative-revolt-has-begun%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNasrallah2022" class="citation news cs1">Nasrallah, Elie Mikhael (February 9, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ottawacitizen.com/opinion/nasrallah-trucker-protest-marks-ottawas-loss-of-innocence">"Nasrallah: Trucker protest marks Ottawa's loss of innocence"</a>. Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved February 10, 2022. <q>The loss of innocence is making Canadians into mini-Americans in the era of nativism, Trumpism and right-wing uprisings. The American disease has arrived in the winter in 2022. Canada and Ottawa may never be the same.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ottawa+Citizen&rft.atitle=Nasrallah%3A+Trucker+protest+marks+Ottawa%27s+loss+of+innocence&rft.date=2022-02-09&rft.aulast=Nasrallah&rft.aufirst=Elie+Mikhael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fottawacitizen.com%2Fopinion%2Fnasrallah-trucker-protest-marks-ottawas-loss-of-innocence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiMatteo2022" class="citation news cs1">DiMatteo, Enzo (January 31, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nowtoronto.com/news/freedomconvoy2022-the-end-of-erin-otoole-and-canadas-descent-into-trumpism">"#FreedomConvoy2022 and Canada's descent into Trumpism"</a>. NOW Toronto. Toronto ON. Retrieved February 10, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NOW+Toronto&rft.atitle=%23FreedomConvoy2022+and+Canada%27s+descent+into+Trumpism&rft.date=2022-01-31&rft.aulast=DiMatteo&rft.aufirst=Enzo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnowtoronto.com%2Fnews%2Ffreedomconvoy2022-the-end-of-erin-otoole-and-canadas-descent-into-trumpism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKilian2022" class="citation news cs1">Kilian, Crawford (January 31, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thetyee.ca/Analysis/2022/01/31/Where-Convoy-Trying-To-Drive-Canada/">"Where the Convoy Is Trying to Drive Canada"</a>. The Tyee. Vancouver BC. Retrieved February 10, 2022. <q>The destination is the ditch of Trumpism, our democratic institutions undercut by paranoid illiberalism.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tyee&rft.atitle=Where+the+Convoy+Is+Trying+to+Drive+Canada&rft.date=2022-01-31&rft.aulast=Kilian&rft.aufirst=Crawford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthetyee.ca%2FAnalysis%2F2022%2F01%2F31%2FWhere-Convoy-Trying-To-Drive-Canada%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKay2022" class="citation news cs1">Kay, Jonathan (February 7, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2022/02/07/canada-truck-convoy-ottawa/">"Canada's truck convoy is just a stunt in a country where populism is still taboo"</a>. The Washington Post. Washington DC. Retrieved February 10, 2022. <q>Each faces the same single existential decision in regard to the brand of outlying conservative populism that announces itself with a horn: (a) Let the outliers into the big tent, and watch the Conservatives be excoriated in the media as Canada's answer to Trumpism, or (b) cast them out, and send them fleeing to the People's Party, which will then siphon off support on the Conservatives' right flank.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Canada%27s+truck+convoy+is+just+a+stunt+in+a+country+where+populism+is+still+taboo&rft.date=2022-02-07&rft.aulast=Kay&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Foutlook%2F2022%2F02%2F07%2Fcanada-truck-convoy-ottawa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoling2022" class="citation news cs1">Poling, Jim Sr. (February 2, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mindentimes.ca/opinion/following-a-convoy-of-courage/">"Following a convoy of courage"</a>. The Minden Times. Minden ON: White Pine Media Corp. Retrieved February 10, 2022. <q>The truckers' convoy didn't bring dreams to Ottawa. They brought Nazi banners, Confederate flags, anger, hatred and other relics of American Trumpism. This is a country that neither needs, nor wants Trumpism. It's a country that needs respectful protests, positive actions, much better leadership and appreciation of its heroes.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Minden+Times&rft.atitle=Following+a+convoy+of+courage&rft.date=2022-02-02&rft.aulast=Poling&rft.aufirst=Jim+Sr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmindentimes.ca%2Fopinion%2Ffollowing-a-convoy-of-courage%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2022" class="citation web cs1">Singh, Jagmeet [@thejagmeetsingh] (February 8, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/thejagmeetsingh/status/1491098260039208970">"The spread of Trumpism into Canada must be stopped. Foreign actors and money cannot be allowed to sow division in Canada. US interference from the extreme right and millions of dollars via anonymous foreign sources must be shut down"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+spread+of+Trumpism+into+Canada+must+be+stopped.+Foreign+actors+and+money+cannot+be+allowed+to+sow+division+in+Canada.+US+interference+from+the+extreme+right+and+millions+of+dollars+via+anonymous+foreign+sources+must+be+shut+down.&rft.date=2022-02-08&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Jagmeet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fthejagmeetsingh%2Fstatus%2F1491098260039208970&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarney2022" class="citation news cs1">Carney, Mark (February 7, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-mark-carney-end-freedom-convoy-ottawa-state-of-emergency/">"It's time to end the sedition in Ottawa by enforcing the law and following the money"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a>. 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The people have a moral obligation to oppose unjust laws and mandates"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I%27m+proud+of+the+Truckers.+Peaceful+protest+is+a+cornerstone+of+our+democracy.+The+liberal+mandates+are+unscientific%2C+vindictive%2C+mean-spirited+and+promote+segregation.+The+people+have+a+moral+obligation+to+oppose+unjust+laws+and+mandates.&rft.date=2022-01-25&rft.au=leslynlewis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fleslynlewis%2Fstatus%2F1486000209427681295&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-510"><a href="#cite_ref-510">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/player/play/1996667971692">"Conservative MP discusses his support for truckers' protest"</a>. 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Retrieved January 30, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CTV+News+Edmonton&rft.atitle=Edmonton%2C+St.+Albert+mayors+concerned+by+local+MP%27s+presence+at+%27freedom+convoy%27+rally+in+Ottawa&rft.date=2022-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedmonton.ctvnews.ca%2Fedmonton-st-albert-mayors-concerned-by-local-mp-s-presence-at-freedom-convoy-rally-in-ottawa-1.5760323&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NP-Cooper-513"><a href="#cite_ref-NP-Cooper_513-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalpost.com/news/alberta-mayors-criticize-conservative-mps-lack-of-judgment-at-ottawa-protest">"Alberta mayors criticize Conservative MP's 'lack of judgment' at Ottawa protest"</a>. National Post. Toronto ON. 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I know because I was there and I experienced it. 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Retrieved February 7, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Conversation&rft.atitle=Majority+of+Canadians+disagree+with+%27freedom+convoy%27+on+vaccine+mandates+and+lockdowns&rft.date=2022-02-03&rft.aulast=Beyer&rft.aufirst=Alexander+G.+W.&rft.au=Linden%2C+Clifton+van+der&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftheconversation.com%2Fmajority-of-canadians-disagree-with-freedom-convoy-on-vaccine-mandates-and-lockdowns-176323&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-North_American_Tracker-615">^ <a href="#cite_ref-North_American_Tracker_615-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-North_American_Tracker_615-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://leger360.com/surveys/legers-north-american-tracker-february-8-2022/">"North American Tracker"</a>. Léger. February 8, 2022. Retrieved February 8, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=North+American+Tracker&rft.pub=L%C3%A9ger&rft.date=2022-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fleger360.com%2Fsurveys%2Flegers-north-american-tracker-february-8-2022%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-616"><a href="#cite_ref-616">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarchesan2022" class="citation web cs1">Marchesan, John (February 12, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://toronto.citynews.ca/2022/02/12/two-thirds-of-canadians-support-military-force-to-end-ottawa-protests-poll/">"Two-thirds of Canadians support military force to end Ottawa protests: poll"</a>. CityNews. Retrieved February 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CityNews&rft.atitle=Two-thirds+of+Canadians+support+military+force+to+end+Ottawa+protests%3A+poll&rft.date=2022-02-12&rft.aulast=Marchesan&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftoronto.citynews.ca%2F2022%2F02%2F12%2Ftwo-thirds-of-canadians-support-military-force-to-end-ottawa-protests-poll%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-617"><a href="#cite_ref-617">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://angusreid.org/trudeau-convoy-trucker-protest-vaccine-mandates-covid-19/">"Blockade Backlash: Three-in-four Canadians tell convoy protesters, 'Go Home Now'"</a>. February 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Blockade+Backlash%3A+Three-in-four+Canadians+tell+convoy+protesters%2C+%27Go+Home+Now%27&rft.date=2022-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fangusreid.org%2Ftrudeau-convoy-trucker-protest-vaccine-mandates-covid-19%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-618"><a href="#cite_ref-618">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeustaeter2022" class="citation web cs1">Neustaeter, Brooklyn (February 25, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/two-in-three-canadians-say-trucker-convoy-protests-were-ineffective-nanos-survey-1.5796383">"Two in three Canadians say trucker convoy protests were ineffective: Nanos survey"</a>. CTV News. Retrieved February 27, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CTV+News&rft.atitle=Two+in+three+Canadians+say+trucker+convoy+protests+were+ineffective%3A+Nanos+survey&rft.date=2022-02-25&rft.aulast=Neustaeter&rft.aufirst=Brooklyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ctvnews.ca%2Fcanada%2Ftwo-in-three-canadians-say-trucker-convoy-protests-were-ineffective-nanos-survey-1.5796383&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanada+convoy+protest" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Canada_convoy_protest" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Canada convoy protest">Canada convoy protest</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publicorderemergencycommission.ca/">Public Order Emergency Commission</a>, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Canada" title="Government of Canada">Government of Canada</a>, 2022</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://orders-in-council.canada.ca/attachment.php?attach=41560&lang=en">Special Temporary Measures for Public Order Emergency, PC 2022-0106</a>, text of the Order in Council invoking the <a href="/wiki/Emergencies_Act" title="Emergencies Act">Emergencies Act</a> in response to the convoy</li> <li>The Fifth Estate episode "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2OlAXDW7W0">The convoy and the questions: How a protest paralyzed a capital</a>", aired 24 February 2022.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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id="Canada_convoy_protest" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canada convoy protest</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">COVID-19 pandemic in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 protests in Canada">COVID-19 protests in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Canada">COVID-19 vaccination in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_mandates_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 vaccination mandates in Canada">COVID-19 vaccination mandates in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaccine_hesitancy" title="Vaccine hesitancy">Vaccine hesitancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_global_supply_chain_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2021–2022 global supply chain crisis">2021–2022 global supply chain crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergencies_Act" title="Emergencies Act">Emergencies Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="Canadian Security Intelligence Service">Canadian Security Intelligence Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_Hill" title="Parliament Hill">Parliament Hill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor, Ontario</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambassador_Bridge" title="Ambassador Bridge">Ambassador Bridge</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coutts,_Alberta" title="Coutts, Alberta">Coutts, Alberta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweetgrass%E2%80%93Coutts_Border_Crossing" title="Sweetgrass–Coutts Border Crossing">Sweetgrass–Coutts Border Crossing</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Protest events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Canada_convoy_protest" title="Timeline of the Canada convoy protest">Timeline</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canada convoy protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_alleged_plot_to_kill_Coutts_RCMP_officers" title="2022 alleged plot to kill Coutts RCMP officers">Alleged plot to kill Coutts RCMP officers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Protesters and (affiliated organizations)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Bauder" title="James Bauder">James Bauder</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Unity" title="Canada Unity">Canada Unity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_John_Barber" title="Christopher John Barber">Chris Barber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Belton" title="Brigitte Belton">Brigitte Belton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Hope_Braun" title="Maggie Hope Braun">Maggie Hope Braun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bulford" title="Daniel Bulford">Daniel Bulford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Dichter" title="Benjamin Dichter">Benjamin Dichter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Hillier" title="Randy Hillier">Randy Hillier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_King_(activist)" title="Pat King (activist)">Pat King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Komer" title="William Komer">William Komer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_United_People_of_Canada" title="The United People of Canada">The United People of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Brigid%27s_Church_(Ottawa)" title="Saint Brigid's Church (Ottawa)">Saint Brigid's Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamara_Lich" title="Tamara Lich">Tamara Lich</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maverick_Party" title="Maverick Party">Maverick Party</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_MacKenzie_(activist)" title="Jeremy MacKenzie (activist)">Jeremy MacKenzie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Army" title="Plaid Army">Plaid Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diagolon" title="Diagolon">Diagolon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Marazzo" title="Tom Marazzo">Tom Marazzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyson_Billings" title="Tyson Billings">Tyson Billings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-protesting participants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zexi_Li" class="mw-redirect" title="Zexi Li">Zexi Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_McKenney" title="Catherine McKenney">Catherine McKenney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artur_Pawlowski" title="Artur Pawlowski">Artur Pawlowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caryma_Sa%27d" title="Caryma Sa'd">Caryma Sa'd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Sloly" title="Peter Sloly">Peter Sloly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aftermath</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_People%27s_Commission" title="Ottawa People's Commission">Ottawa People's Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Order_Emergency_Commission" title="Public Order Emergency Commission">Public Order Emergency Commission</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Rouleau" title="Paul Rouleau">Paul Rouleau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brendan_Miller" title="Brendan Miller">Brendan Miller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Convoy_class_action_lawsuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom Convoy class action lawsuit">Class action lawsuit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Convoy_to_Canberra" title="Convoy to Canberra">Convoy to Canberra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_convoy_protest" title="France convoy protest">France convoy protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Wellington_protest" title="2022 Wellington protest">2022 Wellington protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canada_convoy_protest_people" title="List of Canada convoy protest people">List of Canada convoy protest people</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="COVID-19_pandemic" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:COVID-19_pandemic" title="Template talk:COVID-19 pandemic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:COVID-19_pandemic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:COVID-19 pandemic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="COVID-19_pandemic" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> (disease)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2" title="SARS-CoV-2">SARS-CoV-2</a> (virus)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Timeline" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic">Timeline</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pandemic_predictions_and_preparations_prior_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Pandemic predictions and preparations prior to the COVID-19 pandemic">Pre-pandemic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SARS" title="SARS">Severe acute respiratory syndrome</a> (SARS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MERS" title="MERS">Middle East respiratory syndrome</a> (MERS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimson_Contagion" title="Crimson Contagion">Crimson Contagion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disease_X" title="Disease X">Disease X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_Center_for_Health_Security#Event_201" title="Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security">Event 201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exercise_Cygnus" title="Exercise Cygnus">Exercise Cygnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_2019" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019">2019</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_2019" class="mw-redirect" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019">responses</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2020" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2020">January</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2020" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2020">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2020" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2020">February</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2020" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2020">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2020" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020">March</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2020" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2020" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020">April</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2020" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2020" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020">May</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2020" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2020">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2020" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2020">June</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2020" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2020">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2020" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020">July</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2020" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2020">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2020" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2020">August</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2020" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2020">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2020" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2020">September</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2020" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2020">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2020" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2020">October</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2020" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2020">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2020" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2020">November</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2020" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2020">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2020" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2020">December</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2020" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2020">responses</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2021</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2021" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2021">January</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2021" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2021">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2021" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2021">February</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2021" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2021">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2021" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2021">March</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2021" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2021">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2021" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2021">April</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2021" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2021">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2021" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2021">May</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2021" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2021">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2021" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2021">June</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2021" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2021">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2021" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2021">July</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2021" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2021">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2021" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2021">August</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2021" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2021">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2021" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2021">September</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2021" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2021">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2021" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2021">October</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2021" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2021">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2021" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2021">November</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2021" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2021">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2021" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2021">December</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2021" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2021">responses</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2022</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2022" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2022">January</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_January_2022" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2022">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2022" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2022">February</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_February_2022" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in February 2022">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2022" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2022">March</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_March_2022" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2022">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2022" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2022">April</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_April_2022" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in April 2022">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2022" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2022">May</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_May_2022" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in May 2022">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2022" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2022">June</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_June_2022" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2022">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2022" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2022">July</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_July_2022" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in July 2022">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2022" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2022">August</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_August_2022" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2022">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2022" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2022">September</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_September_2022" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2022">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2022" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2022">October</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_October_2022" title="Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2022">responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_November_2022" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in November 2022">November</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_December_2022" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2022">December</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2023</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_2023" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2023">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Locations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_by_country_and_territory" title="COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory">Locations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Africa" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Africa">Africa</a><div class="hlist"><ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/COVID-19_timeline_by_country_in_Africa" title="COVID-19 timeline by country in Africa">timeline</a></li><li> <a href="/wiki/National_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Africa" title="National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa">national responses</a>)</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Algeria" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Canary_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ceuta" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ceuta">Ceuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Egypt" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Libya" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mauritania" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Melilla" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Melilla">Melilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Morocco" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sudan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tunisia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Western_Sahara" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Burundi" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Comoros" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Djibouti" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Eritrea" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ethiopia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kenya" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Madagascar" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mauritius" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mayotte" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_R%C3%A9union" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Réunion">Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Rwanda" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Seychelles" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Somalia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Somalia">Somalia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puntland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Puntland">Puntland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Somaliland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Sudan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tanzania" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uganda" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda">Uganda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Angola" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Botswana" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Eswatini" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lesotho" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malawi" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mozambique" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Namibia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Africa" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa">South Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_COVID-19_deaths_in_South_Africa" title="List of COVID-19 deaths in South Africa">list of deaths</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Zambia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Zimbabwe" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cameroon" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chad" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gabon" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="COVID-19 pandemic in São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Benin" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Burkina_Faso" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cape_Verde" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Equatorial_Guinea" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Gambia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana">Ghana</a> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li>2020 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana_(March%E2%80%93July_2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana (March–July 2020)">March–July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana_(August%E2%80%93December_2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana (August–December 2020)">August–December</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ghana_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana (2021)">2021</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghanaian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Ghanaian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">government response</a></li> <li>impact <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_Ghana" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in Ghana">education</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guinea" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guinea-Bissau" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ivory_Coast" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Liberia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mali" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Niger" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nigeria" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria">Nigeria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Nigerian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">government response</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Senegal" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sierra_Leone" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Togo" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Togo">Togo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Asia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Asia">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central/North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kazakhstan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Russia">Russia</a> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_(January%E2%80%93June_2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (January–June 2020)">January–June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_(July%E2%80%93December_2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (July–December 2020)">July–December</a></li></ul></li> <li>impact <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia">economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia" title="Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia">social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Russia" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Russia">political</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tajikistan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkmenistan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uzbekistan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hong_Kong" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Japan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Japan">Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Japan" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tokyo" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Tokyo">Tokyo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_cases_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics_and_2020_Summer_Paralympics" title="COVID-19 cases at the 2020 Summer Olympics and 2020 Summer Paralympics">2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Korea" title="COVID-19 pandemic in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Korea" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Macau" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Macau">Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mongolia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Taiwan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan">Taiwan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Respirator_diplomacy_of_Taiwan" title="Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan">respirator diplomacy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China" title="COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China">Mainland China</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown_in_China" title="COVID-19 lockdown in China">lockdown</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_lockdowns_in_mainland_China" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns in mainland China">detail</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China" title="Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China">statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_mainland_China" title="COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China">vaccination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Beijing" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Beijing">Beijing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_cases_at_the_2022_Winter_Olympics_and_2022_Winter_Paralympics" title="COVID-19 cases at the 2022 Winter Olympics and 2022 Winter Paralympics">2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Heilongjiang" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Henan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Henan">Henan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hubei" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Hubei">Hubei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Inner_Mongolia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Liaoning" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Liaoning">Liaoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Shanghai" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Shanghai">Shanghai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Shanghai_COVID-19_outbreak" title="2022 Shanghai COVID-19 outbreak">2022 outbreak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sichuan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Sichuan">Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tibet" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Tibet">Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Xinjiang" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Asia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South Asia">South</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Afghanistan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bangladesh" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bangladesh" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bhutan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maldives" class="mw-redirect" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nepal" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Pakistan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan">Pakistan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Tablighi_Jamaat_COVID-19_hotspot_in_Pakistan" title="2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Pakistan">Tablighi Jamaat hotspot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sri_Lanka" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_India" title="COVID-19 pandemic in India">India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in India">economic impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_India#Evacuations_by_India_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic in India">evacuations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_lockdown_in_India" title="COVID-19 lockdown in India">lockdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_migrant_workers_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Indian migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic">migrant workers' crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India" title="Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in India">statistics</a></li> <li>timeline <ul><li>2020 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India_(January%E2%80%93May_2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India (January–May 2020)">January–May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India_(June%E2%80%93December_2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India (June–December 2020)">June–December</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India (2021)">2021</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Indian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">union government response</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PM_CARES_Fund" title="PM CARES Fund">PM CARES Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Asia#SAARC_COVID-19_Emergency_Fund" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South Asia">SAARC COVID-19 Emergency Fund</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_state_government_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Indian state government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic">state government responses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_India" title="COVID-19 vaccination in India">vaccination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vaccine_Maitri" title="Vaccine Maitri">Vaccine Maitri</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By location</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands">Andaman and Nicobar Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Andhra_Pradesh" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arunachal_Pradesh" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Assam" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Assam">Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bihar" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Bihar">Bihar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chandigarh" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chhattisgarh" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Dadra_and_Nagar_Haveli_and_Daman_and_Diu" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu">Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Delhi" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi">Delhi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Tablighi_Jamaat_COVID-19_hotspot_in_Delhi" title="2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Delhi">Tablighi Jamaat hotspot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Goa" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Goa">Goa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gujarat" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Gujarat">Gujarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Haryana" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Haryana">Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Himachal_Pradesh" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jharkhand" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Karnataka" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Karnataka">Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kerala" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kerala">Kerala</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kerala" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kerala">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ladakh" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ladakh">Ladakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lakshadweep" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Lakshadweep">Lakshadweep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Madhya_Pradesh" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maharashtra" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Manipur" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Manipur">Manipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Meghalaya" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Meghalaya">Meghalaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mizoram" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Mizoram">Mizoram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nagaland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nagaland">Nagaland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Odisha" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Odisha">Odisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puducherry" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Puducherry">Puducherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Punjab,_India" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Punjab, India">Punjab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Rajasthan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sikkim" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Sikkim">Sikkim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tamil_Nadu" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Telangana" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Telangana">Telangana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tripura" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Tripura">Tripura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uttar_Pradesh" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uttarakhand" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_West_Bengal" title="COVID-19 pandemic in West Bengal">West Bengal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Southeast_Asia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Southeast Asia">Southeast</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Brunei" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cambodia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_East_Timor" title="COVID-19 pandemic in East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indonesia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia">Indonesia</a> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indonesia_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia (2021)">2021</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia_large-scale_social_restrictions" title="Indonesia large-scale social restrictions">social restrictions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Activities_Restrictions_Enforcement" title="Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement">Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Laos" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Myanmar" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore">Singapore</a> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore (2021)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore_(2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore (2022)">2022</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Singapore_circuit_breaker_measures" title="2020–21 Singapore circuit breaker measures">circuit breaker response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Singapore" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Singapore">vaccination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Singapore" title="Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore">statistics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Thailand" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand">Thailand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Thailand" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Thailand" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand">vaccination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Thailand" title="Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand">statistics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vietnam" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam">Vietnam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vietnam" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Vietnamese government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">government response</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>impact <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia" title="Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia">social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia">economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Malaysia" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Malaysia">political</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aid_and_relief_efforts_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia" title="Aid and relief efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia">Aid and relief efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_movement_control_order" title="Malaysian movement control order">movement control order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Tablighi_Jamaat_COVID-19_hotspot_in_Malaysia" title="2020 Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot in Malaysia">Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot</a></li> <li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2021)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_(2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2022)">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia_(2023)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia (2023)">2023</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia" title="Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia">statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Johor" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Johor">Johor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kuala_Lumpur" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sabah" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Sabah">Sabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sarawak" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Sarawak">Sarawak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Selangor" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Selangor">Selangor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines">Philippines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines (2021)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines_(2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines (2022)">2022</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">government response</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines">community quarantines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_community_quarantine_in_Luzon" title="Enhanced community quarantine in Luzon">Luzon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evacuations_by_the_Philippines_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Evacuations by the Philippines related to the COVID-19 pandemic">evacuations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic#COVID-19_testing_controversy" title="Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">testing controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines">vaccination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bangsamoro" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Bangsamoro">Bangsamoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Bicol_Region" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Bicol Region">Bicol Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cagayan_Valley" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Cagayan Valley">Cagayan Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Calabarzon" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Calabarzon">Calabarzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Caraga" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Caraga">Caraga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Central_Luzon" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Central Luzon">Central Luzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Central_Visayas" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Central Visayas">Central Visayas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cordillera_Administrative_Region" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Cordillera Administrative Region">Cordillera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Davao_Region" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Davao Region">Davao Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Eastern_Visayas" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Eastern Visayas">Eastern Visayas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Ilocos_Region" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Ilocos Region">Ilocos Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Metro_Manila" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mimaropa" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Mimaropa">Mimaropa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Mindanao" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Mindanao">Northern Mindanao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Soccsksargen" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Soccsksargen">Soccsksargen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Western_Visayas" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Western Visayas">Western Visayas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Zamboanga_Peninsula" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Zamboanga Peninsula">Zamboanga Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Filipinos_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Overseas Filipinos during the COVID-19 pandemic">Overseas Filipinos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Armenia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Azerbaijan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Artsakh" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Artsakh">Artsakh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bahrain" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cyprus" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Cyprus">Cyprus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Egypt" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Georgia_(country)" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Abkhazia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Ossetia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iran" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iraq" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq">Iraq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Kurdistan_Region" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Kurdistan Region">Kurdistan Region</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Israel" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jordan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kuwait" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lebanon" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oman" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_State_of_Palestine" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Qatar" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_programme_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="COVID-19 vaccination programme in Saudi Arabia">vaccination</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Syria" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey">Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Yemen" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Europe" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom">history</a></li> <li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_(January%E2%80%93June_2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (January–June 2020)">January–June 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_(July%E2%80%93December_2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2020)">July–December 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_(January%E2%80%93June_2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (January–June 2021)">January–June 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_(July%E2%80%93December_2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2021)">July–December 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_(January%E2%80%93June_2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (January–June 2022)">January–June 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_(July%E2%80%93December_2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2022)">July–December 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom_(2023)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (2023)">2023</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="United Kingdom responses to the COVID-19 pandemic">responses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="British government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">government response</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Broadshare" title="Operation Broadshare">response</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Rescript" title="Operation Rescript">Operation Rescript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controversies_regarding_COVID-19_contracts_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Controversies regarding COVID-19 contracts in the United Kingdom">contracts</a></li></ul></li> <li>impact <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom">social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom">economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the United Kingdom">education</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By location</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_England" title="COVID-19 pandemic in England">England</a> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li>2020 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_(January%E2%80%93June_2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (January–June 2020)">January–June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_(July%E2%80%93December_2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (July–December 2020)">July–December</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (2021)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_England_(2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in England (2022)">2022</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_London" title="COVID-19 pandemic in London">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_local_lockdown_regulations_in_England" title="COVID-19 local lockdown regulations in England">local lockdown regulations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_COVID-19_tier_regulations_in_England" title="First COVID-19 tier regulations in England">first tier regulations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland (2021)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Ireland_(2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland (2022)">2022</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland">Scotland</a> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2021)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Scotland_(2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland (2022)">2022</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Wales">Wales</a> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales (2021)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wales_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wales (2021)">2022</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Crown_Dependencies" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Isle_of_Man" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jersey" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guernsey" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Overseas_Territories" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the British Overseas Territories">Overseas territories</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gibraltar" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus">Belarus</a> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus (2021)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belarus_(2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus (2022)">2022</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kazakhstan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Moldova" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Moldova">Moldova</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Gagauzia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Gagauzia">Gagauzia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Transnistria" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Russia">Russia</a> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_(January%E2%80%93June_2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (January–June 2020)">January–June 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia_(July%E2%80%93December_2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia (July–December 2020)">July–December 2020</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Russian government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">government responses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Russia" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Russia">political impact</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey">Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkey" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ukraine" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine">Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Crimea" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Crimea">Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sevastopol" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western Balkans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Albania" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kosovo" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montenegro" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Macedonia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Serbia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia">Serbia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Serbia" title="Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia">statistics</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Union_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="European Union response to the COVID-19 pandemic">European Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Austria" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belgium" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bulgaria" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Croatia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia">Croatia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Croatia" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Croatia">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cyprus" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Cyprus">Cyprus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Denmark" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Denmark">Denmark</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Faroe_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Estonia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Finland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Finland">Finland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_%C3%85land" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Åland">Åland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_France" title="COVID-19 pandemic in France">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guadeloupe" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_French_Guiana" title="COVID-19 pandemic in French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_R%C3%A9union" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Réunion">Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Martinique" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mayotte" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Normandy" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Normandy">Normandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Collectivity of Saint Martin">Saint Martin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Germany" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Germany">Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="German government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">government response</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Greece" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hungary" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland (2021)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland_(2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland (2022)">2022</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland">economic impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland">social impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the Republic of Ireland">vaccination</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Italy">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns_in_Italy" title="COVID-19 lockdowns in Italy">lockdowns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Latvia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Lithuania" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Luxembourg" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malta" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Netherlands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Dutch government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">government response</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Poland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Portugal" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Romania" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Romania">Romania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Romania" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Slovakia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Slovenia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Spain" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Spain">Spain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Spain" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Asturias" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Asturias">Asturias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Canary_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ceuta" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ceuta">Ceuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Community_of_Madrid" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Community of Madrid">Community of Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Melilla" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Melilla">Melilla</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sweden" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden">Sweden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Swedish government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">government response</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Gloria" title="Operation Gloria">Operation Gloria</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">EFTA countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iceland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Liechtenstein" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Norway" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Norway">Norway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Svalbard" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Switzerland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Microstates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Andorra" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Monaco" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_San_Marino" title="COVID-19 pandemic in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vatican_City" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_America" title="COVID-19 pandemic in North America">North America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Atlantic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bermuda" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Greenland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">economic impact</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_aid_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="Federal aid during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">federal aid</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Canada">vaccination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Canada_vaccinations_by_province" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Canada vaccinations by province">by province</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Laser" title="Operation Laser">military response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Bubble" title="Atlantic Bubble">Atlantic Bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alberta" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta">Alberta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alberta" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_British_Columbia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia">British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Manitoba" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Manitoba">Manitoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Brunswick" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northwest_Territories" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Northwest Territories">Northwest Territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nova_Scotia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nunavut" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nunavut">Nunavut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario">Ontario</a> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2021)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_(2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2022)">2022</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ottawa" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ottawa">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Regional_Municipality_of_Peel" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Regional Municipality of Peel">Peel Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Toronto" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Toronto">Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Regional_Municipality_of_York" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Regional Municipality of York">York Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario" title="Provincial government response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario">Provincial government response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ontario" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Ontario">Vaccination</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Prince_Edward_Island" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Quebec" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec">Quebec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montreal" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Montreal">Montreal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boroughs_of_Montreal_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Boroughs of Montreal during the COVID-19 pandemic">boroughs</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saskatchewan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saskatchewan" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Saskatchewan">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Yukon" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Yukon">Yukon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caribbean</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Bahamas" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Barbados" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cuba" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Cuba">Cuba</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Guantanamo_Bay_Naval_Base" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base">Guantanamo Bay Naval Base</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Dominica" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Dominican_Republic" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Grenada" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Haiti" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Jamaica" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Lucia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Trinidad and Tobago">timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Overseas_Territories" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the British Overseas Territories">British Overseas Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Anguilla" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_British_Virgin_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cayman_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montserrat" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Broadshare" title="Operation Broadshare">response</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Aruba" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cura%C3%A7ao" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sint_Maarten" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caribbean Netherlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bonaire" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Bonaire">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saba" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Saba">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sint_Eustatius" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">French West Indies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guadeloupe" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Martinique" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Barthélemy">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Collectivity of Saint Martin">Saint Martin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">US insular areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puerto_Rico" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Belize" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Costa_Rica" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_El_Salvador" title="COVID-19 pandemic in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guatemala" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Honduras" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mexico" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico">Mexico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mexico" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Mexico" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Mexico">vaccination</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nicaragua" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Panama" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Panama">Panama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">United States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communication_of_the_Trump_administration_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic">Trump administration communication</a></li> <li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (2021)">2021</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">social impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">economic impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_hospital_crisis_in_the_U.S._from_COVID-19" title="2021 hospital crisis in the U.S. from COVID-19">2021 hospital crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="United States responses to the COVID-19 pandemic">responses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._federal_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">federal government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._state_and_local_government_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="U.S. state and local government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic">state and local governments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="California government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">California government response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_state_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="New York state government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">New York government response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Texas government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">Texas government response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_States_Multi-state_Council" title="Eastern States Multi-state Council">Eastern States Multi-state Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_Governors_Regional_Pact" title="Midwest Governors Regional Pact">Midwest Governors Regional Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_States_Pact" title="Western States Pact">Western States Pact</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By location</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alabama" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alaska" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_American_Samoa" title="COVID-19 pandemic in American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arizona" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Arizona">Arizona</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Navajo_Nation" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Navajo Nation">Navajo Nation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Arkansas" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_California" title="COVID-19 pandemic in California">California</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_California" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in California">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the San Francisco Bay Area">S.F. Bay Area</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Colorado" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Connecticut" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Delaware" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Florida" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guam" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hawaii" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Idaho" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Illinois" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Indiana" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Iowa" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kansas" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kentucky" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Louisiana" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maine" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maryland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Maryland">Maryland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Maryland" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Maryland">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Massachusetts" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Massachusetts" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Massachusetts">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Boston" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Boston">Boston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Boston" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Boston">timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Michigan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Minnesota" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Mississippi" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Missouri" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montana" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nebraska" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nevada" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nevada">Nevada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nevada">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Hampshire" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Jersey" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Mexico" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_(state)" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New York (state)">New York</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New York City">New York City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_York_City" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City">timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Carolina" title="COVID-19 pandemic in North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Dakota" title="COVID-19 pandemic in North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ohio" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ohio">Ohio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Columbus,_Ohio" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Columbus, Ohio">Columbus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oklahoma" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oregon" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Oregon">Oregon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Portland,_Oregon" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Portland, Oregon">Portland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Pennsylvania" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Philadelphia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Puerto_Rico" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Rhode_Island" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Carolina" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Dakota" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tennessee" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Texas" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Texas">Texas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Texas" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Texas">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Austin,_Texas" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Utah" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vermont" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Virginia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Washington_(state)" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Washington,_D.C." title="COVID-19 pandemic in Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_House_COVID-19_outbreak" title="White House COVID-19 outbreak">White House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_West_Virginia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wisconsin" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wyoming" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Oceania" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Oceania">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_American_Samoa" title="COVID-19 pandemic in American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cook_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Easter_Island" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Easter Island">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Fiji" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_French_Polynesia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guam" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hawaii" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Kiribati" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Marshall_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nauru" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Caledonia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Niue" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Niue">Niue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Palau" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Autonomous_Region_of_Bougainville" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville">Bougainville</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Pitcairn_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Samoa" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Solomon_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tokelau" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Tokelau">Tokelau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tonga" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tuvalu" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vanuatu" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Wallis_and_Futuna" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Australia">Australia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (2020)">2020</a></li> <li>2021 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_(January%E2%80%93June_2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (January–June 2021)">January–June</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_(July%E2%80%93December_2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (July–December 2021)">July–December</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Australia_(2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (2022)">2022</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Australian_Capital_Territory" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Australian Capital Territory">Australian Capital Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Christmas_Island" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_South_Wales" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New South Wales">New South Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Norfolk_Island" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Norfolk Island">Norfolk Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northern_Territory" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Northern Territory">Northern Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Queensland" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Queensland">Queensland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Australia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South Australia">South Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Tasmania" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Tasmania">Tasmania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Victoria" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Victoria">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Western_Australia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Western Australia">Western Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2021)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_(2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2022)">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand_(2023)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand (2023)">2023</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand">economic impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="New Zealand government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">government response</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_alert_levels_in_New_Zealand" title="COVID-19 alert levels in New Zealand">Alert levels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_Protection_Framework" title="COVID-19 Protection Framework">Traffic light system</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand" title="Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand">social impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_managed_isolation_in_New_Zealand" title="COVID-19 managed isolation in New Zealand">managed isolation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_America" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South America">South America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Argentina" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina">Argentina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Argentina" title="Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina">statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_human_rights_in_Argentina" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on human rights in Argentina">human rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Bolivia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Brazil" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil">Brazil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Brazil" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_(state)" title="COVID-19 pandemic in São Paulo (state)">São Paulo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chile" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Chile">Chile</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Chile" title="Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile">statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Easter_Island" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Easter Island">Easter Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Colombia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia">Colombia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Colombia" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ecuador" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Falkland_Islands" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_French_Guiana" title="COVID-19 pandemic in French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Guyana" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Paraguay" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Peru" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Peru">Peru</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statistics_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Peru" title="Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru">statistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cusco" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Cusco">Cusco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Suriname" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Uruguay" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Venezuela" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Antarctica" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_cruise_ships" title="COVID-19 pandemic on cruise ships">Cruise ships</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_Diamond_Princess" title="COVID-19 pandemic on Diamond Princess">Diamond Princess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_Grand_Princess" title="COVID-19 pandemic on Grand Princess">Grand Princess</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_naval_ships" title="COVID-19 pandemic on naval ships">Naval ships</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_Charles_de_Gaulle" title="COVID-19 pandemic on Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_on_USS_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="COVID-19 pandemic on USS Theodore Roosevelt">USS Theodore Roosevelt</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Impact" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic">Impact</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture and entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_arts_and_cultural_heritage" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage">Arts and cultural heritage</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_popular_culture" title="COVID-19 pandemic in popular culture">References in popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_cinema" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cinema">Cinema</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="List of films impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic">films affected</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona-chan" title="Corona-chan">Corona-chan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_Walt_Disney_Company" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Walt Disney Company">Disney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_fashion_industry" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fashion industry">Fashion industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_music_industry" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the music industry">Music industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_performing_arts" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the performing arts">Performing arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_television" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television">Television</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_television_in_the_United_States" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television in the United States">U.S.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_American_sports_broadcasting" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on American sports broadcasting">U.S. sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_television_series_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="List of American television series impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic">programs affected</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_video_game_industry" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the video game industry">Video games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_female_education" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on female education">Female education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeschooling_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Homeschooling during the COVID-19 pandemic">Homeschooling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_Ghana" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_United_Kingdom_school_exam_grading_controversy" title="2020 United Kingdom school exam grading controversy">exam grading controversy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_education_in_the_United_States" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_sports" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bio-secure_bubble" title="Bio-secure bubble">Bio-secure bubble</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_sports_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Philippine_sports" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Philippine sports">Philippines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By sport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_association_football" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on association football">Association football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_baseball" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on baseball">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_basketball" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on basketball">Basketball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suspension_of_the_2019%E2%80%9320_NBA_season" title="Suspension of the 2019–20 NBA season">NBA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_combat_sports" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on combat sports">Combat sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_cricket" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cricket">Cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_disc_golf" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on disc golf">Disc golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Gaelic_games" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Gaelic games">Gaelic games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_gridiron_football" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gridiron football">Gridirion football (NCAAF, NFL, and CFL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_ice_hockey" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ice hockey">Ice hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_motorsport" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on motorsport">Motorsport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_rugby_league" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rugby league">Rugby league</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society and rights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Social_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic">Social impact</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_social_media" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social media">Social media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_stigma_associated_with_COVID-19" title="Social stigma associated with COVID-19">Stigma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pox_party#COVID-19_party" title="Pox party">COVID-19 parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_children" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children">Children</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_foster_care_in_the_United_States" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on foster care in the United States">foster care in the U.S.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandemic_baking" title="Pandemic baking">Pandemic baking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Labor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_healthcare_workers" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers">Healthcare workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_migrant_workers_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Indian migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic">Indian migrant workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Resignation" title="Great Resignation">Great Resignation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strikes_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Strikes during the COVID-19 pandemic">Strikes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_issues_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Human rights issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic">Human rights</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_human_rights_in_Argentina" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on human rights in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Hong_Kong#Protests" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Myanmar_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2021 Myanmar coup d'état">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_North_Korea#History" title="COVID-19 pandemic in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Turkmenistan#0" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on abortion in the United States">Abortion in the U.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_crime" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on crime">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_domestic_violence" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence">Domestic violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_prisons" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on prisons">Prisons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_U.S._immigration_detention" title="COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. immigration detention">U.S. immigration detention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minority</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gendered_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Gendered impact of the COVID-19 pandemic">Gender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_LGBT_community" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the LGBT community">LGBT community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_African_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on African communities">African communities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_people_with_disabilities" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with disabilities">Disability community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Native_American_tribes_and_tribal_communities" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Native American tribes and tribal communities">Native American communities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophobia_and_racism_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Xenophobia and racism related to the COVID-19 pandemic">Xenophobia and racism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_religion" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religion">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_Catholic_Church" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_Hajj" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Hajj">Hajj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic">Economic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charitable_activities_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Charitable activities related to the COVID-19 pandemic">Charitable activity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_scams" title="COVID-19 scams">COVID-19 scams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Travel during the COVID-19 pandemic">Travel restrictions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_India" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_Pandemic_Unemployment_Payment" title="COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment">COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom">U.K.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">U.S.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_commercial_air_transport" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on commercial air transport">Aviation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airlines_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="List of airlines impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic">Airlines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_cannabis_industry" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cannabis industry">Cannabis industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_food_industry" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the food industry">Food industry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_meat_industry_in_Canada" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in Canada">meat industry in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_meat_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in the United States">meat industry in the U.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_restaurant_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the restaurant industry in the United States">restaurant industry in the U.S.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_hospitals" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospitals">Hospitals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_ICU_capacity" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ICU capacity">ICU capacity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_long-term_care_facilities" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on long-term care facilities">Long-term care facilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cluster_5" title="Cluster 5">Mink farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_public_transport" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on public transport">Public transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_retail" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on retail">Retail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_tourism" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Supply and trade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shortages_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic">Shortages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932023_global_chip_shortage" title="2020–2023 global chip shortage">Chip supply</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_global_energy_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2021–2023 global energy crisis">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_global_supply_chain_crisis" title="2021–2023 global supply chain crisis">Global supply chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Russia%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_oil_price_war" title="2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war">Oil price war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_security_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Food security during the COVID-19 pandemic">Food security</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Financial_market_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Financial market impact of the COVID-19 pandemic">Financial markets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_stock_market_crash" title="2020 stock market crash">Global stock market crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_recession" title="COVID-19 recession">COVID-19 recession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_inflation_surge" class="mw-redirect" title="2021–2022 inflation surge">Inflation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Information</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_journalism" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on journalism">Journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_coverage_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Media coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic">Media coverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_and_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Wikipedia and the COVID-19 pandemic">Wikipedia's response</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation" title="COVID-19 misinformation">Misinformation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_by_governments" title="COVID-19 misinformation by governments">Governments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_by_China" title="COVID-19 misinformation by China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_by_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 misinformation by the United States">United States</a></li></ul></li> <li>By country <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 misinformation in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 misinformation in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivermectin_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Ivermectin during the COVID-19 pandemic">Ivermectin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plandemic" title="Plandemic">Plandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic">National responses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_COVID-19_pandemic_legislation" title="List of COVID-19 pandemic legislation">Legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="European Union response to the COVID-19 pandemic">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic">Political impact</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Malaysia" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_politics_in_Russia" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on politics in Russia">Russia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Protests against responses to the COVID-19 pandemic">Protests</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Abkhazia_unrest" title="2021 Abkhazia unrest">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17A" title="17A">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Australia" title="COVID-19 protests in Australia">Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Convoy_to_Canberra" title="Convoy to Canberra">Convoy to Canberra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Azerbaijani_protests" title="2020 Azerbaijani protests">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Belarusian_protests" title="2020–2021 Belarusian protests">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Brussels_protests" title="2022 Brussels protests">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic#Brazil" title="Protests against responses to the COVID-19 pandemic">Brazil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Brazilian_protests" title="2020 Brazilian protests">2020 protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Brazilian_protests" title="2021 Brazilian protests">2021 protests</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Bulgarian_protests" title="2020–2021 Bulgarian protests">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 protests in Canada">Canada</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">convoy protest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%932022_Chilean_protests" title="2019–2022 Chilean protests">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_COVID-19_protests_in_China" title="2022 COVID-19 protests in China">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Beijing_Sitong_Bridge_protest" title="2022 Beijing Sitong Bridge protest">Beijing Sitong Bridge protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Chinese_healthcare_reform_protests" title="2023 Chinese healthcare reform protests">healthcare reform protests</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic#Colombia" title="Protests against responses to the COVID-19 pandemic">Colombia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Colombian_protests" title="2021 Colombian protests">2021 protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Colombian_protests" title="2022 Colombian protests">2022 protests</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Cuban_protests" title="2021 Cuban protests">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_responses_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic#France" title="Protests against responses to the COVID-19 pandemic">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_vests_protests" title="Yellow vests protests">Yellow vests protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_French_labor_protests" title="2021 French labor protests">labor protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932022_social_unrest_in_the_French_West_Indies" title="2021–2022 social unrest in the French West Indies">French West Indies social unrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_convoy_protest" title="France convoy protest">convoy protest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Germany" title="COVID-19 protests in Germany">Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Idar-Oberstein_shooting" title="2021 Idar-Oberstein shooting">Idar-Oberstein shooting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Greek_protests" title="2021 Greek protests">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Israel" title="COVID-19 protests in Israel">Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_protests_against_Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="2020–2021 protests against Benjamin Netanyahu">protests against Benjamin Netanyahu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_over_COVID-19_policies_in_Italy" title="Protests over COVID-19 policies in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Mongolian_protests" title="2021 Mongolian protests">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_the_Netherlands" title="COVID-19 protests in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Dutch_curfew_riots" title="2021 Dutch curfew riots">curfew riots</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_New_Zealand" title="COVID-19 protests in New Zealand">New Zealand</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Wellington_protest" title="2022 Wellington protest">Wellington protest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Paraguayan_protests" title="2021 Paraguayan protests">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932022_Serbian_protests" title="2020–2022 Serbian protests">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Tunisian_protests" title="2021 Tunisian protests">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="COVID-19 protests in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 protests in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Open_the_States" title="Open the States">Open the States</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_international_relations" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international relations">International relations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_aid_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="International aid related to the COVID-19 pandemic">Aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="International reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan%E2%80%93Romanian_collaboration_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Moldovan–Romanian collaboration during the COVID-19 pandemic">Moldovan–Romanian collaboration</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6104900" class="extiw" title="d:Q6104900">Nicaragua–Taiwan relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Respirator_diplomacy_of_Taiwan" title="Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan">Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaccine_diplomacy" title="Vaccine diplomacy">Vaccine diplomacy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Glossary of the COVID-19 pandemic">Language</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthropause" title="Anthropause">Anthropause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doomscrolling" title="Doomscrolling">Doomscrolling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flattening_the_curve" title="Flattening the curve">Flattening the curve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_recovery" title="Green recovery">Green recovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_COVID" title="Long COVID">Long COVID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_science_and_technology#Telecommunications" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on science and technology">Quarantini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_distancing" title="Social distancing">Social distancing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superspreading_event" title="Superspreading event">Superspreader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twindemic" title="Twindemic">Twindemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero-COVID" title="Zero-COVID">Zero-COVID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoom_(software)" title="Zoom (software)">Zoom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoom_town" title="Zoom town">Zoom towns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_and_animals" title="COVID-19 pandemic and animals">Animals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cluster_5" title="Cluster 5">Cluster 5</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_environment" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the environment">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_military" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the military">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_pregnant_women" class="mw-redirect" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women">Pregnant women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_science_and_technology" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on science and technology">Science and technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Health_issues" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Health issues</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medical topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_of_COVID-19" title="Transmission of COVID-19">Transmission</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Symptoms_of_COVID-19" title="Symptoms of COVID-19">Symptoms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_and_cancer" title="COVID-19 and cancer">Cancer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endemic_COVID-19" title="Endemic COVID-19">Endemic COVID-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutaneous_manifestations_of_COVID-19" title="Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19">Skin manifestations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_COVID" title="Long COVID">Long COVID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mental_health_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic">Mental health</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_neurological,_psychological_and_other_mental_health_outcomes" class="mw-redirect" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on neurological, psychological and other mental health outcomes">neurological, psychological and other mental health outcomes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_in_pregnancy" title="COVID-19 in pregnancy">Pregnancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_other_health_issues" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on other health issues">Non-COVID-19–related health issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shortages_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Shortages related to the COVID-19 pandemic">Shortages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flattening_the_curve#Raising_the_line" title="Flattening the curve">Raise the line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehabilitation_after_COVID-19" title="Rehabilitation after COVID-19">Rehabilitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unproven_methods_against_COVID-19" title="List of unproven methods against COVID-19">Unproven medical methods</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Testing and epidemiology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_datasets" title="COVID-19 datasets">Datasets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_death_rates_by_country" title="COVID-19 pandemic death rates by country">Death rates by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_testing" title="COVID-19 testing">Disease testing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coronavirus_breathalyzer" title="Coronavirus breathalyzer">Breathalyzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Moonshot" title="Operation Moonshot">Operation Moonshot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_to_Release" title="Test to Release">Test to Release</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Rapid_Test_Consortium" title="UK Rapid Test Consortium">UK Rapid Test Consortium</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AbC-19_rapid_antibody_test" title="AbC-19 rapid antibody test">AbC-19 rapid antibody test</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investigations_into_the_origin_of_COVID-19" class="mw-redirect" title="Investigations into the origin of COVID-19">investigations into the origins</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_lab_leak_theory" title="COVID-19 lab leak theory">lab leak theory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_rapid_antigen_test" title="COVID-19 rapid antigen test">Rapid antigen test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_for_COVID-19_pandemic_mitigation" title="Software for COVID-19 pandemic mitigation">Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_surveillance" title="COVID-19 surveillance">Surveillance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undercounting_of_COVID-19_pandemic_deaths_by_country" title="Undercounting of COVID-19 pandemic deaths by country">Undercounting COVID-19 deaths</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_apps" title="COVID-19 apps">Apps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aarogya_Setu" title="Aarogya Setu">Aarogya Setu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlueTrace" title="BlueTrace">BlueTrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CareFIJI" title="CareFIJI">careFIJI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronavirus_Australia" title="Coronavirus Australia">Coronavirus Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona-Warn-App" title="Corona-Warn-App">Corona-Warn-App</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_Contact-Confirming_Application" title="COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application">COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID_Alert" title="COVID Alert">COVID Alert</a> (Canada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Africa#COVID_AlertSA" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa">COVID AlertSA</a> (South Africa)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVIDSafe" title="COVIDSafe">COVIDSafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID_Tracker_Ireland" title="COVID Tracker Ireland">COVID Tracker Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covid_Watch" title="Covid Watch">Covid Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decentralized_Privacy-Preserving_Proximity_Tracing" title="Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing">Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exposure_Notification" title="Exposure Notification">Exposure Notification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="Health Code">Health Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthy_Together" title="Healthy Together">Healthy Together</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immuni" title="Immuni">Immuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koronavilkku" title="Koronavilkku">Koronavilkku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeaveHomeSafe" title="LeaveHomeSafe">LeaveHomeSafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MySejahtera" title="MySejahtera">MySejahtera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHS_COVID-19" title="NHS COVID-19">NHS COVID-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NZ_COVID_Tracer" title="NZ COVID Tracer">NZ COVID Tracer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NZ_Pass_Verifier" title="NZ Pass Verifier">NZ Pass Verifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PathCheck" title="PathCheck">PathCheck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PeduliLindungi" title="PeduliLindungi">PeduliLindungi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SafeEntry" title="SafeEntry">SafeEntry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SafePass" title="SafePass">SafePass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StaySafe.ph" title="StaySafe.ph">StaySafe.ph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SwissCovid" title="SwissCovid">SwissCovid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TCN_Protocol" title="TCN Protocol">TCN Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test,_Trace,_Protect" title="Test, Trace, Protect">Test, Trace, Protect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_Chana" title="Thai Chana">Thai Chana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TousAntiCovid" title="TousAntiCovid">TousAntiCovid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TraceTogether" title="TraceTogether">TraceTogether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valtrace" title="Valtrace">Valtrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoe_Health_Study" title="Zoe Health Study">Zoe Health Study</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prevention</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_purifier" title="Air purifier">Air purifier</a> (<a href="/wiki/Corsi%E2%80%93Rosenthal_Box" title="Corsi–Rosenthal Box">Corsi–Rosenthal Box</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chloroquine_and_hydroxychloroquine_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine during the COVID-19 pandemic">Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandemic_fatigue#COVID-19_pandemic" title="Pandemic fatigue">COVID fatigue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evacuations_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Evacuations related to the COVID-19 pandemic">Evacuations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Face_masks_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic">Face masks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-mask_sentiment" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-mask sentiment">Anti-mask sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Face_masks_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="Face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flattening_the_curve" title="Flattening the curve">Flattening the curve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Barrington_Declaration" title="Great Barrington Declaration">Great Barrington Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_aid_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="International aid related to the COVID-19 pandemic">International aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns" title="COVID-19 lockdowns">Lockdowns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_health_mitigation_of_COVID-19" title="Public health mitigation of COVID-19">Public health mitigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_Hands_Challenge" title="Safe Hands Challenge">Safe Hands Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_distancing_measures_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Social distancing measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic">Social distancing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workplace_hazard_controls_for_COVID-19" title="Workplace hazard controls for COVID-19">Workplace hazard controls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero-COVID" title="Zero-COVID">Zero-COVID</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine" title="COVID-19 vaccine">Vaccines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_COVID-19_vaccine_authorizations" title="List of COVID-19 vaccine authorizations">Authorizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_clinical_research" title="COVID-19 vaccine clinical research">Clinical research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deployment_of_COVID-19_vaccines" title="Deployment of COVID-19 vaccines">Deployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_COVID-19_vaccine_development" title="History of COVID-19 vaccine development">Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU_Digital_COVID_Certificate" title="EU Digital COVID Certificate">EU Certificate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_misinformation_and_hesitancy" title="COVID-19 vaccine misinformation and hesitancy">Misinformation and hesitancy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deaths_of_anti-vaccine_advocates_from_COVID-19" title="Deaths of anti-vaccine advocates from COVID-19">Deaths of anti-vaccine advocates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_hesitancy_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the United States">US</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Warp_Speed" title="Operation Warp Speed">Operation Warp Speed</a> (U.S.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embolic_and_thrombotic_events_after_COVID-19_vaccination" title="Embolic and thrombotic events after COVID-19 vaccination">Post-vaccination complications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine_card" title="COVID-19 vaccine card">Vaccine card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaccine_passports_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic">Vaccine passports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Authorized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/DNA_vaccine" title="DNA vaccine">DNA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ZyCoV-D" title="ZyCoV-D">ZyCoV-D</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Inactivated_vaccine" title="Inactivated vaccine">Inactivated</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Academy_of_Medical_Sciences_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences COVID-19 vaccine">Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoronaVac" title="CoronaVac">CoronaVac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covaxin" title="Covaxin">Covaxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVIran_Barekat" title="COVIran Barekat">COVIran Barekat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoviVac_(Russia_COVID-19_vaccine)" title="CoviVac (Russia COVID-19 vaccine)">CoviVac (Russia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAKHRAVAC" title="FAKHRAVAC">FAKHRAVAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minhai_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Minhai COVID-19 vaccine">Minhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QazCovid-in" title="QazCovid-in">QazCovid-in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinopharm_BIBP_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 vaccine">Sinopharm BIBP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinopharm_WIBP_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Sinopharm WIBP COVID-19 vaccine">Sinopharm WIBP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkovac" title="Turkovac">Turkovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valneva_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Valneva COVID-19 vaccine">Valneva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/MRNA_vaccine" title="MRNA vaccine">mRNA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moderna_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Moderna COVID-19 vaccine">Moderna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pfizer%E2%80%93BioNTech_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine">Pfizer–BioNTech</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Subunit_vaccine" title="Subunit vaccine">Subunit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdala_(vaccine)" title="Abdala (vaccine)">Abdala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corbevax" title="Corbevax">Corbevax</a> (Bio E COVID-19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVAX-19" title="COVAX-19">COVAX-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EpiVacCorona" title="EpiVacCorona">EpiVacCorona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IndoVac" title="IndoVac">IndoVac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MVC_COVID-19_vaccine" title="MVC COVID-19 vaccine">MVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noora_(vaccine)" title="Noora (vaccine)">Noora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novavax_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Novavax COVID-19 vaccine">Novavax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razi_Cov_Pars" title="Razi Cov Pars">Razi Cov Pars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinopharm_CNBG_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Sinopharm CNBG COVID-19 vaccine">Sinopharm CNBG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soberana_02" title="Soberana 02">Soberana 02</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soberana_Plus" title="Soberana Plus">Soberana Plus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZF2001" title="ZF2001">ZF2001</a> (Zifivax)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Viral_vector_vaccine" title="Viral vector vaccine">Viral vector</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Convidecia" title="Convidecia">Convidecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janssen_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Janssen COVID-19 vaccine">Janssen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford%E2%80%93AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine">Oxford–AstraZeneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sputnik_V_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine">Sputnik V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sputnik_Light" title="Sputnik Light">Sputnik Light</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Virus-like_particle" title="Virus-like particle">Virus-like particles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CoVLP" title="CoVLP">CoVLP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In trials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Attenuated_vaccine" title="Attenuated vaccine">Attenuated</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVI-VAC_(U.S._COVID-19_vaccine)" title="COVI-VAC (U.S. COVID-19 vaccine)">COVI-VAC (United States)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">DNA</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AG0302-COVID%E2%80%9119" title="AG0302-COVID‑19">AG0302-COVID‑19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GX-19" title="GX-19">GX-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inovio_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Inovio COVID-19 vaccine">Inovio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inactivated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KD-414" title="KD-414">KD-414</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NDV-HXP-S" title="NDV-HXP-S">NDV-HXP-S</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">RNA</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARCT-021" title="ARCT-021">ARCT-021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARCT-154" title="ARCT-154">ARCT-154</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangavax" title="Bangavax">Bangavax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CureVac_COVID-19_vaccine" title="CureVac COVID-19 vaccine">CureVac</a> (terminated)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HGC019" title="HGC019">HGC019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MRNA-1283" title="MRNA-1283">mRNA-1283</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTX-COVID19-B" title="PTX-COVID19-B">PTX-COVID19-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanofi%E2%80%93Translate_Bio_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Sanofi–Translate Bio COVID-19 vaccine">Sanofi–Translate Bio</a> (terminated)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stemirna_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Stemirna COVID-19 vaccine">Stemirna COVID-19 vaccine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walvax_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Walvax COVID-19 vaccine">Walvax</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subunit</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/202-CoV" title="202-CoV">202-CoV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AKS-452" title="AKS-452">AKS-452</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EuCorVac-19" title="EuCorVac-19">EuCorVac-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IVX-411" title="IVX-411">IVX-411</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanocovax" title="Nanocovax">Nanocovax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ReCOV" title="ReCOV">ReCOV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanofi%E2%80%93GSK_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Sanofi–GSK COVID-19 vaccine">Sanofi–GSK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-268019" title="S-268019">S-268019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCB-2019" title="SCB-2019">SCB-2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCTV01C" title="SCTV01C">SCTV01C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skycovione" title="Skycovione">Skycovione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UB-612" title="UB-612">UB-612</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V-01" title="V-01">V-01</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V451_vaccine" title="V451 vaccine">V451</a> (terminated)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vabiotech_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Vabiotech COVID-19 vaccine">Vabiotech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_China_Hospital_COVID-19_vaccine" title="West China Hospital COVID-19 vaccine">West China Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZF2001" title="ZF2001">Zhongyianke Biotech–Liaoning Maokangyuan Biotech</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Viral vector</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AdCLD-CoV19" title="AdCLD-CoV19">AdCLD-CoV19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BriLife" title="BriLife">BriLife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COH04S1" title="COH04S1">COH04S1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT" title="DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT">DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRAd-COV2" title="GRAd-COV2">GRAd-COV2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ImmunityBio_COVID-19_vaccine" title="ImmunityBio COVID-19 vaccine">ImmunityBio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INCOVACC" title="INCOVACC">iNCOVACC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INNA-051" title="INNA-051">INNA-051</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NDV-HXP-S" title="NDV-HXP-S">NDV-HXP-S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaxart_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Vaxart COVID-19 vaccine">Vaxart COVID-19 vaccine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Virus-like_particle" title="Virus-like particle">Virus-like particles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABNCoV2" title="ABNCoV2">ABNCoV2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LYB001" title="LYB001">LYB001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MigVax-101" title="MigVax-101">MigVax-101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VBI-2902" title="VBI-2902">VBI-2902</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Deployment_of_COVID-19_vaccines" title="Deployment of COVID-19 vaccines">Deployment by location</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Africa" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Algeria" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Angola" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Benin#Vaccination" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Botswana" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Burkina_Faso" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Burundi" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Cameroon" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Cape_Verde" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Cameroon" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Chad" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Comoros" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Djibouti" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Egypt" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Equatorial_Guinea" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Eswatini" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ghana" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Morocco" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Nigeria" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Senegal" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_South_Africa" title="COVID-19 vaccination in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Zimbabwe" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bangladesh" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bhutan" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_mainland_China" title="COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China">Mainland China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_India" title="COVID-19 vaccination in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Indonesia" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Iran" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Israel" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Japan" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Kazakhstan" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Malaysia" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Nepal" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Russia" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Singapore" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_South_Korea" title="COVID-19 vaccination in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Sri_Lanka" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Taiwan" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Thailand" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Turkey" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Vietnam" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Albania" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Bulgaria" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Croatia" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_France" title="COVID-19 vaccination in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Germany" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Greece" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Hungary" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Iceland" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Italy" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Moldova" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Norway" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Portugal" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Romania" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Russia" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Spain" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Sweden" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Switzerland" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ukraine" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Canada">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ontario" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Ontario">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Quebec" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Quebec">Quebec</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Cuba#Vaccination" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Haiti" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Mexico" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 vaccination in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_mandates_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 vaccination mandates in the United States">mandates</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Australia" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Fiji" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_New_Zealand" title="COVID-19 vaccination in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Argentina" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Brazil" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Colombia" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Peru" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Peru">Peru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Antarctica#Vaccination" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Treatment_and_management_of_COVID-19" title="Treatment and management of COVID-19">Treatment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_drug_development" title="COVID-19 drug development">Drug development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_drug_repurposing_research" title="COVID-19 drug repurposing research">Drug repurposing research</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baricitinib" title="Baricitinib">Baricitinib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexamethasone#COVID‑19" title="Dexamethasone">Dexamethasone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extracorporeal_membrane_oxygenation#Use_in_COVID-19_patients" title="Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation">Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open-source_ventilator#COVID-19_pandemic" title="Open-source ventilator">Open-source ventilator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PANORAMIC_trial" title="PANORAMIC trial">PANORAMIC trial</a> (UK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RECOVERY_Trial" title="RECOVERY Trial">RECOVERY Trial</a> (UK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidarity_trial" title="Solidarity trial">Solidarity trial</a> (WHO)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monoclonal_antibody" title="Monoclonal antibody">Monoclonal antibodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bamlanivimab/etesevimab" title="Bamlanivimab/etesevimab">Bamlanivimab/etesevimab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bamlanivimab" title="Bamlanivimab">Bamlanivimab</a></li> <li>Etesevimab</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebtelovimab" title="Bebtelovimab">Bebtelovimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casirivimab/imdevimab" title="Casirivimab/imdevimab">Casirivimab/imdevimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regdanvimab" title="Regdanvimab">Regdanvimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarilumab" title="Sarilumab">Sarilumab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotrovimab" title="Sotrovimab">Sotrovimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tixagevimab/cilgavimab" title="Tixagevimab/cilgavimab">Tixagevimab/cilgavimab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tocilizumab" title="Tocilizumab">Tocilizumab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antiviral_drug" title="Antiviral drug">Small molecule antivirals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broad-spectrum_antiviral_drug" title="Broad-spectrum antiviral drug">Broad-spectrum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ensitrelvir" title="Ensitrelvir">Ensitrelvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molnupiravir" title="Molnupiravir">Molnupiravir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remdesivir#COVID-19" title="Remdesivir">Remdesivir</a></li></ul></li> <li>Co-packaged <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nirmatrelvir" title="Nirmatrelvir">Nirmatrelvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir" title="Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir">ritonavir</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Variants" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2" title="Variants of SARS-CoV-2">Variants</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Alpha_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant">Alpha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Beta_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant">Beta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Gamma_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Gamma variant">Gamma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Delta_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Epsilon_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Epsilon variant">Epsilon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Zeta_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Zeta variant">Zeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Eta_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Eta variant">Eta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Theta_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Theta variant">Theta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Iota_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Iota variant">Iota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Kappa_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Kappa variant">Kappa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Lambda_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant">Lambda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Mu_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Mu variant">Mu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant">Omicron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant" title="Timeline of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant">timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cluster_5" title="Cluster 5">Cluster 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_lineage_B.1.617" title="SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.617">Lineage B.1.617</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variants_of_SARS-CoV-2#B.1.640.2" title="Variants of SARS-CoV-2">Lineage B.1.640.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_variant_of_concern" class="mw-redirect" title="SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern">Variant of concern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Institutions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Institutions</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hospitals and medical clinics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mainland China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Hospital_of_Wuhan" title="Central Hospital of Wuhan">Central Hospital of Wuhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dabie_Mountain_Regional_Medical_Centre" title="Dabie Mountain Regional Medical Centre">Dabie Mountain Regional Medical Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fangcang_hospital" title="Fangcang hospital">Fangcang hospitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huoshenshan_Hospital" title="Huoshenshan Hospital">Huoshenshan Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leishenshan_Hospital" title="Leishenshan Hospital">Leishenshan Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collapse_of_Xinjia_Express_Hotel" title="Collapse of Xinjia Express Hotel">Xinjia Express Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Jinyintan_Hospital" title="Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital">Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_ships_designated_for_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Hospital ships designated for the COVID-19 pandemic">Hospital ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garran_Surge_Centre" title="Garran Surge Centre">Garran Surge Centre</a> (Australia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_El_Salvador" title="Hospital El Salvador">Hospital El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SevenHills_Hospital#COVID-19_hospital" title="SevenHills Hospital">SevenHills Hospital</a> (India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemayoran_Athletes_Village" title="Kemayoran Athletes Village">Kemayoran Athletes Village</a> (Indonesia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyongyang_General_Hospital" title="Pyongyang General Hospital">Pyongyang General Hospital</a> (North Korea)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia_Agro_Exposition_Park_Serdang" title="Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang">Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang</a> (Malaysia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mega_Ligtas_COVID_Centers" title="Mega Ligtas COVID Centers">Mega Ligtas COVID Centers</a> (Philippines)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandakadu_Treatment_and_Rehabilitation_Centre" title="Kandakadu Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre">Kandakadu Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre</a> (Sri Lanka)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancaktepe_Prof._Dr._Feriha_%C3%96z_Emergency_Hospital" title="Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Feriha Öz Emergency Hospital">Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Feriha Öz Emergency Hospital</a> (Turkey)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye%C5%9Filk%C3%B6y_Prof._Dr._Murat_Dilmener_Emergency_Hospital" title="Yeşilköy Prof. Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital">Yeşilköy Prof. Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital</a> (Turkey)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_hospitals_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="COVID-19 hospitals in the United Kingdom">COVID-19 hospitals in the United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_hospitals_in_the_United_Kingdom#NHS_England" title="COVID-19 hospitals in the United Kingdom">NHS Nightingale Hospitals</a> (England) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_Birmingham" title="NHS Nightingale Hospital Birmingham">Birmingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_London" title="NHS Nightingale Hospital London">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_North_East" title="NHS Nightingale Hospital North East">North East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_North_West" title="NHS Nightingale Hospital North West">North West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHS_Nightingale_Hospital_Yorkshire_and_the_Humber" title="NHS Nightingale Hospital Yorkshire and the Humber">Yorkshire and the Humber</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHS_Louisa_Jordan" title="NHS Louisa Jordan">NHS Louisa Jordan</a> (Scotland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_Heart_Hospital" title="Dragon's Heart Hospital">Dragon's Heart Hospital</a> (Wales)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Cabinet_(Australia)" title="National Cabinet (Australia)">National Cabinet</a> (Australia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ScienceUpFirst" title="ScienceUpFirst">ScienceUpFirst</a> (Canada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Institute_of_Virology" title="Wuhan Institute of Virology">Wuhan Institute of Virology</a> (China)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_SAGE" title="Independent SAGE">Independent SAGE</a> (United Kingdom)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health institutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa_Centres_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention">Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention</a> (African Union)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana_Infectious_Disease_Centre" title="Ghana Infectious Disease Centre">Ghana Infectious Disease Centre</a> (Ghana)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_(Hong_Kong)" title="Department of Health (Hong Kong)">Department of Health (Hong Kong)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Disease_Control_and_Prevention_Agency" title="Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency">Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency</a> (South Korea)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Communicable_Diseases" title="National Institute for Communicable Diseases">National Institute for Communicable Diseases</a> (South Africa)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Centers_for_Disease_Control" title="Taiwan Centers for Disease Control">Taiwan Centers for Disease Control</a> (Taiwan)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pandemic institutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_COVID-19_Commission_Advisory_Board" title="National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board">National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board</a> (Australia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_Immunity_Task_Force" title="COVID-19 Immunity Task Force">COVID-19 Immunity Task Force</a> (Canada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_Supply_Council" title="COVID-19 Supply Council">COVID-19 Supply Council</a> (Canada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PREPARE" title="PREPARE">PREPARE</a> (European Union)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Expert_Group_on_Vaccine_Administration_for_COVID-19" title="National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19">National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19</a> (India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_Response_Acceleration_Task_Force" title="COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force">COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force</a> (Indonesia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Public_Health_Emergency_Team_(2020)" title="National Public Health Emergency Team (2020)">National Public Health Emergency Team</a> (Ireland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novel_Coronavirus_Expert_Meeting" title="Novel Coronavirus Expert Meeting">Novel Coronavirus Expert Meeting</a> (Japan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crisis_Preparedness_and_Response_Centre" title="Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre">Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre</a> (Malaysia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defeat_COVID-19_Ad_Hoc_Committee" title="Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee">Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee</a> (Philippines)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Agency_Task_Force_for_the_Management_of_Emerging_Infectious_Diseases" title="Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases">Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases</a> (Philippines)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Epidemic_Command_Center" title="Central Epidemic Command Center">Central Epidemic Command Center</a> (Taiwan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronavirus_Scientific_Advisory_Board" title="Coronavirus Scientific Advisory Board">Coronavirus Scientific Advisory Board</a> (Turkey)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_Genomics_UK_Consortium" title="COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium">COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium</a> (United Kingdom)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_College_COVID-19_Response_Team" title="Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team">Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team</a> (United Kingdom)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Biosecurity_Centre" title="Joint Biosecurity Centre">Joint Biosecurity Centre</a> (United Kingdom)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaccine_Taskforce" title="Vaccine Taskforce">Vaccine Taskforce</a> (United Kingdom)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_Advisory_Board" title="COVID-19 Advisory Board">COVID-19 Advisory Board</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_American_Economic_Revival_Industry_Groups" title="Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups">Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Coronavirus_Task_Force" title="White House Coronavirus Task Force">White House Coronavirus Task Force</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_COVID-19_Response_Team" title="White House COVID-19 Response Team">White House COVID-19 Response Team</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GACH" title="GACH">GACH</a> (Uruguay)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Relief funds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PM_CARES_Fund" title="PM CARES Fund">PM CARES Fund</a> (India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_South_Asia#SAARC_COVID-19_Emergency_Fund" title="COVID-19 pandemic in South Asia">SAARC COVID-19 Emergency Fund</a> (India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artist_Relief" title="Artist Relief">Artist Relief</a> (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="People" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medical professionals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ai_Fen" title="Ai Fen">Ai Fen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corona_Rintawan" title="Corona Rintawan">Corona Rintawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Wenliang" title="Li Wenliang">Li Wenliang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Wen_(doctor)" title="Liu Wen (doctor)">Liu Wen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xie_Linka" title="Xie Linka">Xie Linka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Wenhong" title="Zhang Wenhong">Zhang Wenhong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Coronavirus_researchers" title="Category:Coronavirus researchers">Researchers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awang_Bulgiba_Awang_Mahmud" title="Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud">Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Burioni" title="Roberto Burioni">Roberto Burioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Wei_(medical_scientist)" title="Chen Wei (medical scientist)">Chen Wei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kizzmekia_Corbett" title="Kizzmekia Corbett">Kizzmekia Corbett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Crisanti_(scientist)" title="Andrea Crisanti (scientist)">Andrea Crisanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Daszak" title="Peter Daszak">Peter Daszak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Drosten" title="Christian Drosten">Christian Drosten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Ferguson_(epidemiologist)" title="Neil Ferguson (epidemiologist)">Neil Ferguson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dale_Fisher" title="Dale Fisher">Dale Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Gao" title="George F. Gao">George F. Gao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azra_Ghani" title="Azra Ghani">Azra Ghani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Gilbert" title="Sarah Gilbert">Sarah Gilbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guan_Yi" title="Guan Yi">Guan Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentaro_Iwata" title="Kentaro Iwata">Kentaro Iwata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katalin_Karik%C3%B3" title="Katalin Karikó">Katalin Karikó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Keeling" title="Matt Keeling">Matt Keeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trudie_Lang" title="Trudie Lang">Trudie Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Lanjuan" title="Li Lanjuan">Li Lanjuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Ian_Lipkin" title="W. Ian Lipkin">W. Ian Lipkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Xiaowei" title="Ma Xiaowei">Ma Xiaowei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabir_Madhi" title="Shabir Madhi">Shabir Madhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_McGeer" title="Allison McGeer">Allison McGeer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camilla_Rothe" title="Camilla Rothe">Camilla Rothe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Zhengli" title="Shi Zhengli">Shi Zhengli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moncef_Slaoui" title="Moncef Slaoui">Moncef Slaoui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Tildesley" title="Mike Tildesley">Mike Tildesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Todd_(British_biologist)" title="John Todd (British biologist)">John Todd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Chen_(physician)" title="Wang Chen (physician)">Wang Chen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Guangfa" title="Wang Guangfa">Wang Guangfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Weissman" title="Drew Weissman">Drew Weissman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuen_Kwok-yung" title="Yuen Kwok-yung">Yuen Kwok-yung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeng_Guang" title="Zeng Guang">Zeng Guang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Jixian" title="Zhang Jixian">Zhang Jixian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Yongzhen" title="Zhang Yongzhen">Zhang Yongzhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhong_Nanshan" title="Zhong Nanshan">Zhong Nanshan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Officials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">WHO</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tedros_Adhanom_Ghebreyesus" title="Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus">Tedros Adhanom</a> (Director-General of the WHO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Aylward" title="Bruce Aylward">Bruce Aylward</a> (Team lead of WHO-China COVID-19 mission)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Van_Kerkhove" title="Maria Van Kerkhove">Maria Van Kerkhove</a> (Technical Lead for COVID-19 response)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Ryan_(doctor)" title="Michael J. Ryan (doctor)">Michael J. Ryan</a> (Executive Director of the WHO Health Emergencies Programme)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By location</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Atherton" title="Frank Atherton">Frank Atherton</a> (Wales)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Bloomfield" title="Ashley Bloomfield">Ashley Bloomfield</a> (New Zealand)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Calderwood" title="Catherine Calderwood">Catherine Calderwood</a> (Scotland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang_Shan-chwen" title="Chang Shan-chwen">Chang Shan-chwen</a> (Taiwan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anutin_Charnvirakul" title="Anutin Charnvirakul">Anutin Charnvirakul</a> (Thailand)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Shih-chung" title="Chen Shih-chung">Chen Shih-chung</a> (Taiwan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuang_Yin-ching" title="Chuang Yin-ching">Kenneth Chuang Yin-ching</a> (Taiwan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Costache" title="Victor Costache">Victor Costache</a> (Romania)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabrizio_Curcio" title="Fabrizio Curcio">Fabrizio Curcio</a> (Italy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmen_Deseda" title="Carmen Deseda">Carmen Deseda</a> (Puerto Rico)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaap_van_Dissel" title="Jaap van Dissel">Jaap van Dissel</a> (the Netherlands)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Drosten" title="Christian Drosten">Christian Drosten</a> (Germany)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Duque_III" title="Francisco Duque III">Francisco Duque III</a> (Philippines)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Fauci" title="Anthony Fauci">Anthony Fauci</a> (United States)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Paolo_Figliuolo" title="Francesco Paolo Figliuolo">Francesco Paolo Figliuolo</a> (Italy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gra%C3%A7a_Freitas" title="Graça Freitas">Graça Freitas</a> (Portugal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrique_Gouveia_e_Melo" title="Henrique Gouveia e Melo">Henrique Gouveia e Melo</a> (Portugal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Hancock" title="Matt Hancock">Matt Hancock</a> (United Kingdom)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamad_Hasan" title="Hamad Hasan">Hamad Hasan</a> (Lebanon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Hunt" title="Greg Hunt">Greg Hunt</a> (Australia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Holohan" title="Tony Holohan">Tony Holohan</a> (Ireland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeong_Eun-kyeong" title="Jeong Eun-kyeong">Jeong Eun-kyeong</a> (South Korea)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahrettin_Koca" title="Fahrettin Koca">Fahrettin Koca</a> (Turkey)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Keqiang" title="Li Keqiang">Li Keqiang</a> (China)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_L%C3%B3pez-Gatell_Ram%C3%ADrez" title="Hugo López-Gatell Ramírez">Hugo López-Gatell Ramírez</a> (Mexico)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_McBride_(doctor)" title="Michael McBride (doctor)">Michael McBride</a> (Northern Ireland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriol_Mitj%C3%A0" title="Oriol Mitjà">Oriol Mitjà</a> (Andorra)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zweli_Mkhize" title="Zweli Mkhize">Zweli Mkhize</a> (South Africa)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doni_Monardo" title="Doni Monardo">Doni Monardo</a> (Indonesia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alma_M%C3%B6ller" title="Alma Möller">Alma Möller</a> (Iceland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeed_Namaki" title="Saeed Namaki">Saeed Namaki</a> (Iran)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ala_Nemerenco" title="Ala Nemerenco">Ala Nemerenco</a> (Moldova)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Thanh_Long" title="Nguyễn Thanh Long">Nguyễn Thanh Long</a> (Vietnam)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noor_Hisham_Abdullah" title="Noor Hisham Abdullah">Noor Hisham Abdullah</a> (Malaysia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Pilli" title="Ali Pilli">Ali Pilli</a> (Northern Cyprus)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Salinas" title="Daniel Salinas">Daniel Salinas</a> (Uruguay)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Salomon" title="Jérôme Salomon">Jérôme Salomon</a> (France)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Sim%C3%B3n" title="Fernando Simón">Fernando Simón</a> (Spain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregor_Smith" title="Gregor Smith">Gregor Smith</a> (Scotland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su_Ih-jen" title="Su Ih-jen">Su Ih-jen</a> (Taiwan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%81ukasz_Szumowski" title="Łukasz Szumowski">Łukasz Szumowski</a> (Poland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_Tam" title="Theresa Tam">Theresa Tam</a> (Canada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anders_Tegnell" title="Anders Tegnell">Anders Tegnell</a> (Sweden)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9E%C3%B3r%C3%B3lfur_Gu%C3%B0nason" title="Þórólfur Guðnason">Þórólfur Guðnason</a> (Iceland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotiris_Tsiodras" title="Sotiris Tsiodras">Sotiris Tsiodras</a> (Greece)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harsh_Vardhan_(Delhi_politician)" title="Harsh Vardhan (Delhi politician)">Harsh Vardhan</a> (India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%AD%C3%B0ir_Reynisson" title="Víðir Reynisson">Víðir Reynisson</a> (Iceland)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carla_Vizzotti" title="Carla Vizzotti">Carla Vizzotti</a> (Argentina)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vlad_Voiculescu" title="Vlad Voiculescu">Vlad Voiculescu</a> (Romania)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Whitty" title="Chris Whitty">Chris Whitty</a> (United Kingdom)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Wong" title="Lawrence Wong">Lawrence Wong</a> (Singapore)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Zients" title="Jeff Zients">Jeff Zients</a> (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Qiushi" title="Chen Qiushi">Chen Qiushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Crozier" title="Brett Crozier">Brett Crozier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_Bin" title="Fang Bin">Fang Bin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_Fang" title="Fang Fang">Fang Fang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Ashitey_Hammond" title="Joseph Ashitey Hammond">Joseph Ashitey Hammond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Zehua" title="Li Zehua">Li Zehua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Tom_Moore" title="Captain Tom Moore">Captain Tom Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiu_Menghuang" title="Qiu Menghuang">Qiu Menghuang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren_Zhiqiang" title="Ren Zhiqiang">Ren Zhiqiang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_deaths_due_to_COVID-19" title="List of deaths due to COVID-19">List of deaths due to COVID-19</a> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Data_(templates)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Data (templates)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Global</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_by_country_and_territory#Statistics" title="COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory">Cases, deaths, recoveries by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_testing#Virus_testing_statistics_by_country" title="COVID-19 testing">Tests, cases, tests per capita, cases per capita by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_testing#Virus_testing_statistics_by_country_subdivision" title="COVID-19 testing">Tests, cases, tests per capita, cases per capita by country subdivision</a></li> <li>WHO situation reports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases">cases</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_January_2020" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in January 2020">January 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_February_2020" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in February 2020">February 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_March_2020" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in March 2020">March 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_April_2020" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in April 2020">April 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_May_2020" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in May 2020">May 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_June_2020" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in June 2020">June 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_July_2020" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in July 2020">July 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_August_2020" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in August 2020">August 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_September_2020" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in September 2020">September 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_October_2020" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in October 2020">October 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_November_2020" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in November 2020">November 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_December_2020" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in December 2020">December 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_January_2021" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in January 2021">January 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_February_2021" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in February 2021">February 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_March_2021" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in March 2021">March 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_April_2021" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in April 2021">April 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_May_2021" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in May 2021">May 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_June_2021" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in June 2021">June 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_July_2021" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in July 2021">July 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_cases_in_August_2021" title="COVID-19 pandemic cases in August 2021">August 2021</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_deaths" title="COVID-19 pandemic deaths">deaths</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">World map by countries: confirmed per capita</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China#Graphics" title="COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China">China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_hospital_beds#Numbers" title="List of countries by hospital beds">Hospital beds by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_lockdowns#Table_of_pandemic_lockdowns" title="COVID-19 lockdowns">Lockdowns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Algeria_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Algeria medical cases chart">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Angola_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Angola medical cases chart">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Benin_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Benin medical cases chart">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Botswana_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Botswana medical cases chart">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Burkina_Faso_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Burkina Faso medical cases chart">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Burundi_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Burundi medical cases chart">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Cameroon_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Cameroon medical cases chart">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Comoros_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Comoros medical cases chart">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Egypt_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Egypt medical cases chart">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Eswatini_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Eswatini medical cases chart">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Ethiopia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Ethiopia medical cases chart">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Ghana_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Ghana medical cases">Ghana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Ghana_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Ghana medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Ivory_Coast_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Ivory Coast medical cases chart">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Kenya_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Kenya medical cases chart">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Libya_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Libya medical cases chart">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Malawi_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Malawi medical cases chart">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Mali_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Mali medical cases chart">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Mauritania_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Mauritania medical cases chart">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Mauritius_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Mauritius medical cases chart">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Morocco_(including_occupied_Western_Sahara)_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Morocco (including occupied Western Sahara) medical cases chart">Morocco (including occupied Western Sahara)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Mozambique_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Mozambique medical cases chart">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Nigeria_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Nigeria medical cases">Nigera</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Nigeria_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Nigeria medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/São Tomé and Príncipe medical cases chart">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Senegal_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Senegal medical cases chart">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Seychelles_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Seychelles medical cases chart">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Sierra_Leone_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Sierra Leone medical cases chart">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/South_Africa_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/South Africa medical cases">South Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/South_Africa_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/South Africa medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/South_Sudan_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/South Sudan medical cases chart">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Sudan_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Sudan medical cases chart">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Tanzania_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Tanzania medical cases chart">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Togo_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Togo medical cases chart">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Tunisia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Tunisia medical cases chart">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Uganda_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Uganda medical cases chart">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Zambia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Zambia medical cases chart">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Zimbabwe_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Zimbabwe medical cases">Zimbabwe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Zimbabwe_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Zimbabwe medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bolivia_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bolivia medical cases">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Brazil_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Brazil medical cases">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Canada_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Canada medical cases">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Canada_medical_cases_by_province" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Canada medical cases by province">by province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Canada_vaccinations_by_province" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Canada vaccinations by province">vaccinations by province</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Chile_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Chile medical cases">Chile</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Chile_medical_cases_by_commune" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Chile medical cases by commune">by commune</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Colombia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Colombia medical cases chart">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Costa_Rica_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Costa Rica medical cases">Costa Rica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Costa_Rica_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Costa Rica medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Cuba_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Cuba medical cases chart">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Dominican_Republic_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Dominican Republic medical cases chart">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Ecuador_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Ecuador medical cases chart">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/El_Salvador_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/El Salvador medical cases chart">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Guatemala_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Guatemala medical cases chart">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Haiti_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Haiti medical cases chart">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Honduras_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Honduras medical cases chart">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Mexico_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Mexico medical cases">Mexico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Mexico_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Mexico medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Nicaragua_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Nicaragua medical cases chart">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Panama_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Panama medical cases chart">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Paraguay_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Paraguay medical cases chart">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Peru_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Peru medical cases chart">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/United_States_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/United States medical cases">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/United_States_medical_cases_by_state" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/United States medical cases by state">by state</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Uruguay_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Uruguay medical cases chart">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Venezuela_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Venezuela medical cases chart">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Afghanistan_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Afghanistan medical cases chart">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Armenia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Armenia medical cases chart">Armenia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Republic_of_Artsakh_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Republic of Artsakh medical cases chart">Artsakh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Azerbaijan_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Azerbaijan medical cases chart">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bahrain_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bahrain medical cases chart">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bangladesh_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bangladesh medical cases chart">Bangladesh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bangladesh_medical_cases_by_division" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bangladesh medical cases by division">by division</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bhutan_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bhutan medical cases">Bhutan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bhutan_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bhutan medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Brunei_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Brunei medical cases chart">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Cambodia_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Cambodia medical cases">Cambodia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Cambodia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Cambodia medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Cambodia_medical_cases_summary" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Cambodia medical cases summary">summary</a></li></ul></li> <li>China <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Mainland_China_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Mainland China medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Mainland_China_medical_cases_map_(dots)" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Mainland China medical cases map (dots)">confirmed per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_lockdowns_in_mainland_China" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns in mainland China">lockdowns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/China_medical_cases_by_province" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/China medical cases by province">by province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Hong_Kong_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Hong Kong medical cases chart">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Macau_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Macau medical cases chart">Macau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Cyprus_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Cyprus medical cases chart">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/East_Timor_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/East Timor medical cases chart">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Egypt_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Egypt medical cases chart">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Georgia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Georgia medical cases chart">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/India_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/India medical cases chart">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Indonesia_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Indonesia medical cases">Indonesia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Indonesia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Indonesia medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Iran_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Iran medical cases">Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Iran_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Iran medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Iraq_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Iraq medical cases chart">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Israel_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Israel medical cases">Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Israel_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Israel medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Japan_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Japan medical cases">Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Japan_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Japan medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Jordan_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Jordan medical cases chart">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Kazakhstan_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Kazakhstan medical cases chart">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Kuwait_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Kuwait medical cases chart">Kuwait cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Kyrgyzstan_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Kyrgyzstan medical cases chart">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Laos_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Laos medical cases">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Lebanon_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Lebanon medical cases chart">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Malaysia_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Malaysia medical cases">Malaysia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Malaysia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Malaysia medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Charts_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Malaysia" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Charts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia">charts</a></li></ul></li> <li>Myanmar <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Myanmar_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Myanmar medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Myanmar_medical_cases_summary" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Myanmar medical cases summary">summary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Nepal_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Nepal medical cases">Nepal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Nepal_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Nepal medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Oman_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Oman medical cases">Oman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Oman_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Oman medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Pakistan_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Pakistan medical cases">Pakistan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Pakistan_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Pakistan medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Philippines_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Philippines medical cases">Philippines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Philippines_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Philippines medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines" title="Template:COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines">areas of quarantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Philippines_vaccinations_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Philippines vaccinations chart">vaccinations chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Qatar_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Qatar medical cases chart">Qatar</a></li> <li>Russia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Russia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Russia medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Russia_medical_cases_by_federal_subject" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Russia medical cases by federal subject">by federal subject</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Saudi_Arabia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Saudi Arabia medical cases chart">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Singapore_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Singapore medical cases chart">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/South_Korea_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/South Korea medical cases">South Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/South_Korea_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/South Korea medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:South_Korea_COVID-19_vaccination_charts" title="Template:South Korea COVID-19 vaccination charts">vaccinations charts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Sri_Lanka_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Sri Lanka medical cases chart">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Syria_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Syria medical cases chart">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Taiwan_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Taiwan medical cases chart">Taiwan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Taiwan_COVID-19_vaccination_charts" title="Template:Taiwan COVID-19 vaccination charts">vaccination charts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Tajikistan_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Tajikistan medical cases chart">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Thailand_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Thailand medical cases chart">Thailand cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Turkey_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Turkey medical cases">Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Turkey_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Turkey medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/United_Arab_Emirates_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/United Arab Emirates medical cases">United Arab Emirates</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/United_Arab_Emirates_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/United Arab Emirates medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Uzbekistan_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Uzbekistan medical cases">Uzbekistan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Uzbekistan_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Uzbekistan medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Vietnam_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Vietnam medical cases chart">Vietnam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_in_Vietnam_statistics_charts" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam statistics charts">statistics charts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Yemen_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Yemen medical cases chart">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Europe_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Europe medical cases chart">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Albania_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Albania medical cases chart">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Austria_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Austria medical cases">Austria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Austria_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Austria medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Belarus_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Belarus medical cases chart">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Belgium_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Belgium medical cases">Belgium</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Belgium_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Belgium medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bosnia and Herzegovina medical cases chart">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bulgaria_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bulgaria medical cases">Bulgaria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Bulgaria_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Bulgaria medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Croatia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Croatia medical cases chart">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Cyprus_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Cyprus medical cases chart">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Czech_Republic_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Czech Republic medical cases chart">Czech Republic</a></li> <li>Denmark <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Denmark_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Denmark medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Faroe_Islands_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Faroe Islands medical cases chart">Faroe Islands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Estonia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Estonia medical cases chart">Estonia cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Finland_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Finland medical cases chart">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/France_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/France medical cases">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/France_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/France medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Germany_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Germany medical cases chart">Germany cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Greece_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Greece medical cases chart">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Hungary_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Hungary medical cases chart">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Iceland_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Iceland medical cases">Iceland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Iceland_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Iceland medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Republic_of_Ireland_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Republic of Ireland medical cases">Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Republic_of_Ireland_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Republic of Ireland medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Italy_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Italy medical cases">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Italy_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Italy medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Italy_statistics_charts" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Italy statistics charts">statistics charts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Italy_vaccinations_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Italy vaccinations chart">vaccinations chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Kosovo_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Kosovo medical cases chart">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Latvia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Latvia medical cases chart">Latvia cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Lithuania_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Lithuania medical cases chart">Lithuania cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Luxembourg_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Luxembourg medical cases chart">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Malta_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Malta medical cases chart">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Moldova_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Moldova medical cases chart">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Monaco_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Monaco medical cases chart">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Montenegro_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Montenegro medical cases chart">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Netherlands_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Netherlands medical cases chart">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/North_Macedonia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/North Macedonia medical cases chart">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Norway_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Norway medical cases">Norway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Norway_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Norway medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Poland_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Poland medical cases">Poland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Poland_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Poland medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Poland_medical_cases_by_voivodeship" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Poland medical cases by voivodeship">by voivodeship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Portugal_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Portugal medical cases">Portugal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Portugal_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Portugal medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Romania_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Romania medical cases">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Romania_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Romania medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li> <li>Russia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Russia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Russia medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Russia_medical_cases_by_federal_subject" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Russia medical cases by federal subject">by federal subject</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/San_Marino_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/San Marino medical cases chart">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Serbia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Serbia medical cases chart">Serbia</a></li> <li>Slovakia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Slovakia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Slovakia medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Slovakia_medical_cases_by_region" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Slovakia medical cases by region">by region</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Slovenia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Slovenia medical cases chart">Slovenia cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Spain_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Spain medical cases chart">Spain cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Sweden_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Sweden medical cases">Sweden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Sweden_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Sweden medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Switzerland_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Switzerland medical cases chart">Switzerland cases chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Turkey_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Turkey medical cases">Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Turkey_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Turkey medical cases chart">cases chart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Ukraine_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Ukraine medical cases chart">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/United_Kingdom_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/United Kingdom medical cases">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Gibraltar_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Gibraltar medical cases chart">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/United_Kingdom_vaccinations_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/United Kingdom vaccinations chart">vaccinations chart</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/United_Kingdom_vaccinations_daily_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/United Kingdom vaccinations daily chart">daily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/United_Kingdom_vaccinations_weekly_by_nation_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/United Kingdom vaccinations weekly by nation chart">by nation</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Vatican_City_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Vatican City medical cases chart">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Australia_cases_by_state/territory" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Australia cases by state/territory">Australia by state/territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Fiji_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Fiji medical cases chart">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/French_Polynesia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/French Polynesia medical cases chart">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/New_Caledonia_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/New Caledonia medical cases chart">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/New_Zealand_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/New Zealand medical cases chart">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Papua_New_Guinea_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Papua New Guinea medical cases chart">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Solomon_Islands_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Solomon Islands medical cases chart">Solomon Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Antarctica_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Antarctica medical cases chart">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Diamond_Princess_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Diamond Princess medical cases">Diamond Princess</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic in Canada"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="Template talk:COVID-19 pandemic in Canada"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="Special:EditPage/Template:COVID-19 pandemic in Canada"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">COVID-19 pandemic in Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Canada_medical_cases" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Canada medical cases">Data</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Canada_medical_cases_by_province" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Canada medical cases by province">by province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:COVID-19_pandemic_data/Canada_medical_cases_chart" title="Template:COVID-19 pandemic data/Canada medical cases chart">chart</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alberta" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta">Alberta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Alberta" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_British_Columbia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia">British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Manitoba" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Manitoba">Manitoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Brunswick" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nova_Scotia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Prince_Edward_Island" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Quebec" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec">Quebec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Quebec" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Montreal" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Montreal">Montreal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boroughs_of_Montreal_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Boroughs of Montreal during the COVID-19 pandemic">boroughs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Quebec" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Quebec">Vaccination</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saskatchewan" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Saskatchewan" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Saskatchewan">timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ontario" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario">Ontario</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>timeline <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_(2020)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2020)">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_(2021)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2021)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario_(2022)" title="Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario (2022)">2022</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ottawa" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ottawa">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Regional_Municipality_of_Peel" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Regional Municipality of Peel">Peel Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Toronto" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Toronto">Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Regional_Municipality_of_York" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Regional Municipality of York">York Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario" title="Provincial government response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario">Provincial government response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ontario" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Ontario">Vaccination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontario_COVID-19_Science_Advisory_Table" title="Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table">Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Northwest_Territories" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Northwest Territories">Northwest Territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Nunavut" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Nunavut">Nunavut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Yukon" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Yukon">Yukon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government response</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada#Public_health" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">Public health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada#Travel_and_entry_restrictions" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">Travel and entry restrictions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada#Governmental_cancellations" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">Governmental cancellations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Bubble" title="Atlantic Bubble">Atlantic Bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada#Bank_of_Canada_rate_changes" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">Bank of Canada rate changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Laser" title="Operation Laser">Canadian Armed Forces in LTC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID_Alert" title="COVID Alert">COVID Alert app</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ArriveCAN" title="ArriveCAN">ArriveCAN app</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_Immunity_Task_Force" title="COVID-19 Immunity Task Force">COVID-19 Immunity Task Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_Supply_Council" title="COVID-19 Supply Council">COVID-19 Supply Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_aid_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="Federal aid during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">Federal aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ontario" title="Provincial government response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario">Ontario provincial government response</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada#Public_service_disruptions" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">Public service disruptions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada#Industrial_strategy" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">Industrial strategy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Outbreak sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CHSLD_Herron" title="CHSLD Herron">CHSLD Herron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camilla_Care_Community" title="Camilla Care Community">Camilla Care Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eatonville_Care_Centre" title="Eatonville Care Centre">Eatonville Care Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_meat_industry_in_Canada" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in Canada">Meat-processing facilities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vaccination</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Canada">COVID-19 vaccination in Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Ontario" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Ontario">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccination_in_Quebec" title="COVID-19 vaccination in Quebec">Quebec</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Advisory_Committee_on_Immunization" title="National Advisory Committee on Immunization">National Advisory Committee on Immunization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaccine_Hunters_Canada" title="Vaccine Hunters Canada">Vaccine Hunters Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaccine_passports_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic#North_America" title="Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic">Proof of vaccination</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public health officers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eileen_de_Villa" title="Eileen de Villa">Eileen de Villa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janice_Fitzgerald" title="Janice Fitzgerald">Janice Fitzgerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Henry" title="Bonnie Henry">Bonnie Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deena_Hinshaw" title="Deena Hinshaw">Deena Hinshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kami_Kandola" title="Kami Kandola">Kami Kandola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Loh" title="Lawrence Loh">Lawrence Loh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kieran_Moore" title="Kieran Moore">Kieran Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heather_Morrison" title="Heather Morrison">Heather Morrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Russell_(physician)" title="Jennifer Russell (physician)">Jennifer Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Strang_(physician)" title="Robert Strang (physician)">Robert Strang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_Tam" title="Theresa Tam">Theresa Tam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Public_Health_Officer_of_Canada" title="Chief Public Health Officer of Canada">Chief Public Health Officer</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Stanley_Cup_playoffs" title="2020 Stanley Cup playoffs">2020 Stanley Cup playoffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budweiser_Stage_at_Home" title="Budweiser Stage at Home">Budweiser Stage at Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Club_Quarantine" title="Club Quarantine">Club Quarantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Curve_(film_series)" title="The Curve (film series)">The Curve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greetings_from_Isolation" title="Greetings from Isolation">Greetings from Isolation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Docs_at_Home" title="Hot Docs at Home">Hot Docs at Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movie_Night_in_Canada" title="Movie Night in Canada">Movie Night in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Division_(NHL)" title="North Division (NHL)">North Division (NHL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queer_Pride_Inside" title="Queer Pride Inside">Queer Pride Inside</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Speaking_Moistly" title="Speaking Moistly">Speaking Moistly</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stronger_Together,_Tous_Ensemble" title="Stronger Together, Tous Ensemble">Stronger Together, Tous Ensemble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/What%27re_You_At%3F_with_Tom_Power" title="What're You At? with Tom Power">What're You At? with Tom Power</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 misinformation in Canada">COVID-19 misinformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_protests_in_Canada" title="COVID-19 protests in Canada">COVID-19 protests</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canada convoy protest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Canada_convoy_protest" title="Timeline of the Canada convoy protest">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_alleged_plot_to_kill_Coutts_RCMP_officers" title="2022 alleged plot to kill Coutts RCMP officers">Alleged Coutts murder conspiracy plot</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_Canada" title="Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada">Economic impact</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_meat_industry_in_Canada" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the meat industry in Canada">Meat-processing industry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_pediatric_care_crisis" title="2022–2023 pediatric care crisis">Pediatric care crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_property_bubble#Since_the_onset_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Canadian property bubble">Property bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ScienceUpFirst" title="ScienceUpFirst">ScienceUpFirst</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Canada&#124;link=Canada_Canada–United_States_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canada%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template:Canada–United States relations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canada%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template talk:Canada–United States relations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canada%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canada–United States relations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Canada&#124;link=Canada_Canada–United_States_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Canada–United States relations">Canada–United States relations</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Diplomatic posts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_Canada,_Washington,_D.C." title="Embassy of Canada, Washington, D.C.">Embassy of Canada, Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_Canada_to_the_United_States" title="List of ambassadors of Canada to the United States">Ambassadors of Canada to the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_Uzbekistan,_Washington,_D.C." title="Embassy of Uzbekistan, Washington, D.C.">Former Residence of the Canadian Ambassador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Ottawa" title="Embassy of the United States, Ottawa">Embassy of the United States, Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_Canada" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to Canada">Ambassadors of the United States to Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lornado" title="Lornado">Lornado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Canada,_Boston" title="Consulate General of Canada, Boston">Consulate General of Canada, Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consulate_General_of_Canada,_Chicago" title="Consulate General of Canada, Chicago">Consulate General of Canada, Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Western_Hemisphere_Affairs" title="Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs">Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_visits_to_Canada" title="United States presidential visits to Canada">Diplomacy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_New_York_(1796)" title="Treaty of New York (1796)">Treaty of New York (1796)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rush%E2%80%93Bagot_Treaty" title="Rush–Bagot Treaty">Rush–Bagot Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian%E2%80%93American_Reciprocity_Treaty" title="Canadian–American Reciprocity Treaty">Canadian–American Reciprocity Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boundary_Waters_Treaty_of_1909" title="Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909">Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migratory_Bird_Treaty" title="Migratory Bird Treaty">Migratory Bird Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halibut_Treaty" title="Halibut Treaty">Halibut Treaty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Pacific_Halibut_Commission" title="International Pacific Halibut Commission">International Pacific Halibut Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Quebec_Conference" title="First Quebec Conference">First Quebec Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_Agreement" title="Quebec Agreement">Quebec Agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Quebec_Conference" title="Second Quebec Conference">Second Quebec Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_River_Treaty" title="Columbia River Treaty">Columbia River Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Merchant%E2%80%93Heeney_Report" title="The Merchant–Heeney Report">The Merchant–Heeney Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakwak_Agreement" title="Shakwak Agreement">Shakwak Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Charter" title="Great Lakes Charter">Great Lakes Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamrock_Summit" title="Shamrock Summit">Shamrock Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S.%E2%80%93Canada_Air_Quality_Agreement" title="U.S.–Canada Air Quality Agreement">U.S.–Canada Air Quality Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_Concerning_the_Shipwrecked_Vessel_RMS_Titanic" title="Agreement Concerning the Shipwrecked Vessel RMS Titanic">Agreement Concerning the Shipwrecked Vessel RMS Titanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Border_Declaration" title="Smart Border Declaration">Smart Border Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_Safe_Third_Country_Agreement" title="Canada–United States Safe Third Country Agreement">Canada–United States Safe Third Country Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes%E2%80%93Saint_Lawrence_River_Basin_Sustainable_Water_Resources_Agreement" title="Great Lakes–Saint Lawrence River Basin Sustainable Water Resources Agreement">Great Lakes–Saint Lawrence River Basin Sustainable Water Resources Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston%E2%80%93Halifax_relations" title="Boston–Halifax relations">Boston–Halifax relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Canadian_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Canadian Relations">United States Senate Committee on Canadian Relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Governors_and_Eastern_Canadian_Premiers%27_Annual_Conference" title="New England Governors and Eastern Canadian Premiers' Annual Conference">New England Governors and Eastern Canadian Premiers' Annual Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_England_Governors_and_Eastern_Canadian_Premiers_Climate_Change_Action_Plan_2001" title="New England Governors and Eastern Canadian Premiers Climate Change Action Plan 2001">Climate Change Action Plan 2001</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_response_to_Hurricane_Katrina" title="Canadian response to Hurricane Katrina">Canadian response to Hurricane Katrina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadaville,_Louisiana" title="Canadaville, Louisiana">Canadaville, Louisiana</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean_Conference" title="Arctic Ocean Conference">Arctic Ocean Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Council" title="Arctic Council">Arctic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Economic_Council" title="Arctic Economic Council">Arctic Economic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_Act" title="Quebec Act">Quebec Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caroline_affair" title="Caroline affair">Caroline affair</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A8res_chasseurs" title="Frères chasseurs">Frères chasseurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunters%27_Lodges" title="Hunters' Lodges">Hunters' Lodges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Windsor" title="Battle of Windsor">Battle of Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenian_raids" title="Fenian raids">Fenian raids</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypress_Hills_Massacre" title="Cypress Hills Massacre">Cypress Hills Massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitting_Bull" title="Sitting Bull">Sitting Bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louie_Sam" title="Louie Sam">Louie Sam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_re_Ross" title="In re Ross">In re Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trail_Smelter_dispute" title="Trail Smelter dispute">Trail Smelter dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Scheme_No._1" title="Defence Scheme No. 1">Defence Scheme No. 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_Douglas_C-54D_disappearance" title="1950 Douglas C-54D disappearance">1950 Douglas C-54D disappearance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_British_Columbia_B-36_crash" title="1950 British Columbia B-36 crash">1950 British Columbia B-36 crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_Rivi%C3%A8re-du-Loup_B-50_nuclear_weapon_loss_incident" title="1950 Rivière-du-Loup B-50 nuclear weapon loss incident">1950 Rivière-du-Loup B-50 nuclear weapon loss incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_Six" title="Symphony Six">Symphony Six</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIA_activities_in_Canada" title="CIA activities in Canada">CIA activities in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmonton_aircraft_bombing" title="Edmonton aircraft bombing">Edmonton aircraft bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canuck_letter" title="Canuck letter">Canuck letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Refuge_drilling_controversy" title="Arctic Refuge drilling controversy">Arctic Refuge drilling controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidnapping_of_Sidney_Jaffe" title="Kidnapping of Sidney Jaffe">Kidnapping of Sidney Jaffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shootings_of_Alfred_and_Rosemary_Podgis" title="Shootings of Alfred and Rosemary Podgis">Shootings of Alfred and Rosemary Podgis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Montreal_bombing" title="1984 Montreal bombing">1984 Montreal bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrow_Air_Flight_1285R" title="Arrow Air Flight 1285R">Arrow Air Flight 1285R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reference_Re_Ng_Extradition" title="Reference Re Ng Extradition">Reference Re Ng Extradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Salmon_War" title="Pacific Salmon War">Pacific Salmon War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v_Burns" title="United States v Burns">United States v Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_v_MNR" title="Mitchell v MNR">Mitchell v MNR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Air_Flight_085" title="Korean Air Flight 085">Korean Air Flight 085</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarnak_Farm_incident" title="Tarnak Farm incident">Tarnak Farm incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_detainees_at_Guantanamo_Bay" title="Canadian detainees at Guantanamo Bay">Canadian Guantanamo Bay detainees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_blackout_of_2003" title="Northeast blackout of 2003">Northeast blackout of 2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arar_v._Ashcroft" title="Arar v. Ashcroft">Arar v. Ashcroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keystone_Pipeline" title="Keystone Pipeline">Keystone Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Havana_syndrome" title="Havana syndrome">Havana syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extradition_case_of_Meng_Wanzhou" title="Extradition case of Meng Wanzhou">Extradition case of Meng Wanzhou</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canada convoy protest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Canada_convoy_protest" title="Timeline of the Canada convoy protest">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Yukon_high-altitude_object" title="2023 Yukon high-altitude object">2023 Yukon high-altitude object</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Lake_Huron_high-altitude_object" title="2023 Lake Huron high-altitude object">2023 Lake Huron high-altitude object</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Military relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Canadian_Regiment" title="2nd Canadian Regiment">2nd Canadian Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Caper" title="Canadian Caper">Canadian Caper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_peacekeeping" title="Canadian peacekeeping">Canadian peacekeeping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_and_the_Iraq_War" title="Canada and the Iraq War">Canada and the Iraq War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War_resisters_in_Canada" title="Iraq War resisters in Canada">Iraq War resisters in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Hinzman" title="Jeremy Hinzman">Jeremy Hinzman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_Rivera" title="Kimberly Rivera">Kimberly Rivera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Resisters_Support_Campaign" title="War Resisters Support Campaign">War Resisters Support Campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_and_the_Vietnam_War" title="Canada and the Vietnam War">Canada and the Vietnam War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War_resisters_in_Canada" title="Vietnam War resisters in Canada">Vietnam War resisters in Canada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIA_activities_in_Canada" title="CIA activities in Canada">CIA activities in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Scheme_No._2" title="Defence Scheme No. 2">Defence Scheme No. 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Special_Service_Force" title="First Special Service Force">First Special Service Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Eyes" title="Five Eyes">Five Eyes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UKUSA_Agreement" title="UKUSA Agreement">UKUSA Agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II_Canadian_procurement" title="Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement">Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Canadian procurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Canada_Line" title="Mid-Canada Line">Mid-Canada Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Laboratory" title="Montreal Laboratory">Montreal Laboratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NORAD" title="NORAD">North American Aerospace Defense Command</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Distant_Early_Warning_Line" title="Distant Early Warning Line">Distant Early Warning Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Warning_System" title="North Warning System">North Warning System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_NORAD_Region" title="Continental NORAD Region">Continental NORAD Region</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Noble_Eagle" title="Operation Noble Eagle">Operation Noble Eagle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Yellow_Ribbon" title="Operation Yellow Ribbon">Operation Yellow Ribbon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Inland_Seas" title="Operation Inland Seas">Operation Inland Seas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Joint_Board_on_Defense" title="Permanent Joint Board on Defense">Permanent Joint Board on Defense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ogdensburg_Agreement" title="Ogdensburg Agreement">Ogdensburg Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinetree_Line" title="Pinetree Line">Pinetree Line</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_HARP" title="Project HARP">Project HARP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Plan_Red" title="War Plan Red">War Plan Red</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_trade_relations" title="Canada–United States trade relations">Economic relations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Canadian_and_American_economies" title="Comparison of Canadian and American economies">Comparison of Canadian and American economies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone_of_Canada" title="Exclusive economic zone of Canada">Exclusive economic zone of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone_of_the_United_States" title="Exclusive economic zone of the United States">Exclusive economic zone of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branch_plant_economy" title="Branch plant economy">Branch plant economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_integration" title="Deep integration">Deep integration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_ownership_of_companies_of_Canada" title="Foreign ownership of companies of Canada">Foreign ownership of companies of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reciprocity_(Canadian_politics)" title="Reciprocity (Canadian politics)">Reciprocity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_Automotive_Products_Agreement" title="Canada–United States Automotive Products Agreement">Canada–United States Automotive Products Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Option" title="Third Option">Third Option</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macdonald_Commission" title="Macdonald Commission">Macdonald Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_softwood_lumber_dispute" title="Canada–United States softwood lumber dispute">Canada–United States softwood lumber dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement">Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Cattle_Project" title="Northwest Cattle Project">Northwest Cattle Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_Consultative_Committee_on_Agriculture" title="Canada–United States Consultative Committee on Agriculture">Canada–United States Consultative Committee on Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandatory_country-of-origin_labeling_(US)" title="Mandatory country-of-origin labeling (US)">Mandatory country-of-origin labeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Recovery_and_Reinvestment_Act_of_2009" title="American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009">American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regulatory_Cooperation_Council" title="Regulatory Cooperation Council">Regulatory Cooperation Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FATCA_agreement_between_Canada_and_the_United_States" title="FATCA agreement between Canada and the United States">FATCA agreement between Canada and the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CSeries_dumping_petition_by_Boeing" title="CSeries dumping petition by Boeing">CSeries dumping petition by Boeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Mexico%E2%80%93Canada_Agreement" title="United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement">United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska-Alberta_Railway_Development_Corporation" title="Alaska-Alberta Railway Development Corporation">Alaska-Alberta Railway Development Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fuel_Tax_Agreement" title="International Fuel Tax Agreement">International Fuel Tax Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_SuperCorridor_Coalition" title="North American SuperCorridor Coalition">North American SuperCorridor Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest_Economic_Region" title="Pacific Northwest Economic Region">Pacific Northwest Economic Region</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_border" title="Canada–United States border">Border</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canada%E2%80%93United_States_border_crossings" title="List of Canada–United States border crossings">Border crossings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_entry_into_Canada_by_land" title="American entry into Canada by land">American entry into Canada by land</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_disputed_by_Canada_and_the_United_States" title="List of areas disputed by Canada and the United States">Areas disputed by Canada and the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1985_Polar_Sea_controversy" title="1985 Polar Sea controversy">1985 Polar Sea controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_boundary_dispute" title="Alaska boundary dispute">Alaska boundary dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaufort_Sea" title="Beaufort Sea">Beaufort Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bering_Sea_Arbitration" title="Bering Sea Arbitration">Bering Sea Arbitration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Muzon" title="Cape Muzon">Cape Muzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caribou" title="Battle of Caribou">Battle of Caribou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dixon_Entrance" title="Dixon Entrance">Dixon Entrance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Indian_Stream" title="Republic of Indian Stream">Republic of Indian Stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machias_Seal_Island" title="Machias Seal Island">Machias Seal Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Rock" title="North Rock">North Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Passage" title="Northwest Passage">Northwest Passage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_boundary_dispute" title="Oregon boundary dispute">Oregon boundary dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearse_Island" title="Pearse Island">Pearse Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pig_War_(1859)" title="Pig War (1859)">Pig War (1859)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Croix_Island,_Maine" title="Saint Croix Island, Maine">Saint Croix Island, Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Juan_de_Fuca" title="Strait of Juan de Fuca">Strait of Juan de Fuca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugar_Island_(Michigan)" title="Sugar Island (Michigan)">Sugar Island (Michigan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_Island_(British_Columbia)" title="Wales Island (British Columbia)">Wales Island (British Columbia)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_claims_in_the_Arctic" title="Territorial claims in the Arctic">Territorial claims in the Arctic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Canadian_sentiment" title="Anti-Canadian sentiment">Anti-Canadian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_immigration_to_Canada" title="American immigration to Canada">American immigration to Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_the_Loyalists" title="Expulsion of the Loyalists">Expulsion of the Loyalists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Canada_(term)" title="Little Canada (term)">Little Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowbird_(person)" title="Snowbird (person)">Snowbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_sports_rivalries" title="Canada–United States sports rivalries">Canada–United States sports rivalries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_junior_ice_hockey_rivalry" title="Canada–United States junior ice hockey rivalry">Junior ice hockey rivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_women%27s_national_ice_hockey_rivalry" title="Canada–United States women's national ice hockey rivalry">Women's national ice hockey rivalry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_the_healthcare_systems_in_Canada_and_the_United_States" title="Comparison of the healthcare systems in Canada and the United States">Comparison of healthcare systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_lunar_sample_displays" title="Canada lunar sample displays">Canada lunar sample displays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Society_of_New_York" title="Canadian Society of New York">Canadian Society of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CANUSA_Games" title="CANUSA Games">CANUSA Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_North" title="Hollywood North">Hollywood North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maple_Match" title="Maple Match">Maple Match</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/51st_state" title="51st state">51st state</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Movements_for_the_annexation_of_Canada_to_the_United_States" title="Movements for the annexation of Canada to the United States">Movements for the annexation of Canada to the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Annexation_Manifesto" title="Montreal Annexation Manifesto">Montreal Annexation Manifesto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_Bill_of_1866" title="Annexation Bill of 1866">Annexation Bill of 1866</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascadia_(independence_movement)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cascadia (independence movement)">Cascadia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doug_flag" title="Doug flag">Doug flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parti_51" title="Parti 51">Parti 51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionest_Party" title="Unionest Party">Unionest Party</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continentalism" title="Continentalism">Continentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Stikine" title="Fort Stikine">Fort Stikine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godfrey%E2%80%93Milliken_Bill" title="Godfrey–Milliken Bill">Godfrey–Milliken Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Quebec_(1775)" title="Invasion of Quebec (1775)">Invasion of Quebec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benedict_Arnold%27s_expedition_to_Quebec" title="Benedict Arnold's expedition to Quebec">Benedict Arnold's expedition to Quebec</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letters_to_the_inhabitants_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Letters to the inhabitants of Canada">Letters to the inhabitants of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_barrier_state" title="Indian barrier state">Indian barrier state</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Proclamation_of_1763" title="Royal Proclamation of 1763">Royal Proclamation of 1763</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Reserve_(1763)" title="Indian Reserve (1763)">Indian Reserve</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aroostook_War" title="Aroostook War">Aroostook War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halifax_Road" title="Halifax Road">Halifax Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webster%E2%80%93Ashburton_Treaty" title="Webster–Ashburton Treaty">Webster–Ashburton Treaty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Fishery_Commission" title="Great Lakes Fishery Commission">Great Lakes Fishery Commission</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Areas_of_Concern" title="Great Lakes Areas of Concern">Great Lakes Areas of Concern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halifax_Fisheries_Commission" title="Halifax Fisheries Commission">Halifax Fisheries Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Salmon_Commission" title="Pacific Salmon Commission">Pacific Salmon Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pugets_Sound_Agricultural_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Pugets Sound Agricultural Company">Pugets Sound Agricultural Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rum-running_in_Windsor,_Ontario" title="Rum-running in Windsor, Ontario">Rum-running in Windsor, Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_passport_card" title="United States passport card">United States passport card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Climate_Initiative" title="Western Climate Initiative">Western Climate Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Hemisphere_Travel_Initiative" title="Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative">Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor%E2%80%93Detroit_International_Freedom_Festival" title="Windsor–Detroit International Freedom Festival">Windsor–Detroit International Freedom Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champlain_Hudson_Power_Express" title="Champlain Hudson Power Express">Champlain Hudson Power Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recycling_and_Northern_Development_Canal" title="Great Recycling and Northern Development Canal">Great Recycling and Northern Development Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Champlain_Seaway" title="Lake Champlain Seaway">Lake Champlain Seaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Control_Dam" title="International Control Dam">International Control Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Water_and_Power_Alliance" title="North American Water and Power Alliance">North American Water and Power Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Area_Water_Supply" title="Northwest Area Water Supply">Northwest Area Water Supply</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Lawrence_Seaway" title="St. Lawrence Seaway">St. Lawrence Seaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumas_2" title="Sumas 2">Sumas 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_gas_pipeline" title="Alaska gas pipeline">Alaska gas pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberta_Clipper_pipeline" title="Alberta Clipper pipeline">Alberta Clipper pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Pipeline" title="Alliance Pipeline">Alliance Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Pipeline" title="Brunswick Pipeline">Brunswick Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_Transmission_Northwest" title="Gas Transmission Northwest">Gas Transmission Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_Transmission" title="Great Lakes Transmission">Great Lakes Transmission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iroquois_Pipeline" title="Iroquois Pipeline">Iroquois Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritimes_%26_Northeast_Pipeline" title="Maritimes & Northeast Pipeline">Maritimes & Northeast Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Border_Pipeline" title="Northern Border Pipeline">Northern Border Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Pipeline" title="Northwest Pipeline">Northwest Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland%E2%80%93Montreal_pipeline" title="Portland–Montreal pipeline">Portland–Montreal pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vector_Pipeline" title="Vector Pipeline">Vector Pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_claims_in_the_Arctic" title="Territorial claims in the Arctic">Territorial claims in the Arctic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simultaneous_substitution" title="Simultaneous substitution">Simultaneous substitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_television_stations_available_in_the_United_States" title="List of Canadian television stations available in the United States">Canadian television stations available in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_foreign_television_channels_available_in_Canada" title="List of foreign television channels available in Canada">Foreign television channels available in Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_television_stations_available_in_Canada" title="List of United States television stations available in Canada">United States television stations available in Canada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talking_to_Americans" title="Talking to Americans">Talking to Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lament_for_a_Nation" title="Lament for a Nation">Lament for a Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fight_for_Canada" title="The Fight for Canada">The Fight for Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Canada%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Category:Canada–United States relations">Category:Canada–United States relations</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and 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class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/8px-WHO_Rod.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/12px-WHO_Rod.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/WHO_Rod.svg/16px-WHO_Rod.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="107" data-file-height="250" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Medicine" title="Portal:Medicine">Medicine</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/17px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/26px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/34px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="343" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Canada" title="Portal:Canada">Canada</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/21px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/42px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Ontario" title="Portal:Ontario">Ontario</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a 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