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print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about an area in Mega Manila. For the historical World War II–era city, see <a href="/wiki/City_of_Greater_Manila" title="City of Greater Manila">City of Greater Manila</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Greater Manila Area<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">Malawakang Maynila</span></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edsa_Manila_(Patrick_Poculan)_-_Flickr.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Metro Manila skyline seen from Ortigas Center"><img alt="Metro Manila skyline seen from Ortigas Center" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Edsa_Manila_%28Patrick_Poculan%29_-_Flickr.jpg/250px-Edsa_Manila_%28Patrick_Poculan%29_-_Flickr.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Edsa_Manila_%28Patrick_Poculan%29_-_Flickr.jpg/375px-Edsa_Manila_%28Patrick_Poculan%29_-_Flickr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Edsa_Manila_%28Patrick_Poculan%29_-_Flickr.jpg/500px-Edsa_Manila_%28Patrick_Poculan%29_-_Flickr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1616" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Metro Manila skyline seen from <a href="/wiki/Ortigas_Center" title="Ortigas Center">Ortigas Center</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_Manila_Area_Map_(including_provinces,_cities,_and_municipalities).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Greater_Manila_Area_Map_%28including_provinces%2C_cities%2C_and_municipalities%29.png/250px-Greater_Manila_Area_Map_%28including_provinces%2C_cities%2C_and_municipalities%29.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Greater_Manila_Area_Map_%28including_provinces%2C_cities%2C_and_municipalities%29.png 1.5x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="420" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of the Greater Manila Area within Luzon <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#3F48CC; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#22B14C; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFC90E; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <span style="font-size:90%;">Central Luzon (<a href="/wiki/Bulacan" title="Bulacan">Bulacan</a>)</span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF7F27; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <span style="font-size:90%;">Calabarzon (<a href="/wiki/Cavite" title="Cavite">Cavite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laguna_(province)" title="Laguna (province)">Laguna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rizal_(province)" title="Rizal (province)">Rizal</a>)</span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ED1C24; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <span style="font-size:90%;">Provincial capitals (<a href="/wiki/Antipolo" title="Antipolo">Antipolo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imus" title="Imus">Imus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malolos" title="Malolos">Malolos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz,_Laguna" title="Santa Cruz, Laguna">Santa Cruz</a>)</span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="Philippines"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Philippines" title="Provinces of the Philippines">Provinces</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bulacan" title="Bulacan">Bulacan</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Cavite" title="Cavite">Cavite</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Laguna_(province)" title="Laguna (province)">Laguna</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Rizal_(province)" title="Rizal (province)">Rizal</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,967.95 km<sup>2</sup> (3,076.44 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">28,250,517</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro density</th><td class="infobox-data">3,500/km<sup>2</sup> (9,200/sq mi)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Greater Manila Area</b> (<a href="/wiki/Filipino_language" title="Filipino language">Filipino</a>: <i lang="fil">Malawakang Maynila</i>) is the contiguous <a href="/wiki/Urbanization" title="Urbanization">urbanization</a> region surrounding the <a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metropolitan Manila area</a>. This built-up zone includes Metro Manila and the neighboring provinces of <a href="/wiki/Bulacan" title="Bulacan">Bulacan</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Cavite" title="Cavite">Cavite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Laguna_(province)" title="Laguna (province)">Laguna</a> to the south, and <a href="/wiki/Rizal_(province)" title="Rizal (province)">Rizal</a> to the east.<sup id="cite_ref-HamnettForbes-2012_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HamnettForbes-2012-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SenateGovPH_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SenateGovPH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though sprawl continues to absorb new zones, some urban zones are independent clusters of settlements surrounded by non-urban areas. </p><p>In early 2021, during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, the area was also referred to as the "NCR Plus" or "NCR+" (<a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">National Capital Region</a> Plus) by authorities, with regard to the designation of <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_community_quarantines_in_the_Philippines" title="COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines">community quarantines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Statistics">Statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Greater_Manila_Area&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1232966811">.mw-parser-output .hover-highlight tr:hover,.mw-parser-output .mw-datatable tr:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive-subtle,#eaf3ff);color:var(--color-base,#333)}.mw-parser-output .mw-datatable{background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:var(--color-base,#333)}</style> <table class="wikitable sortable mw-datatable plainrowheaders" style="width:70%; text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Philippines" title="Provinces of the Philippines">Province</a> or <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Regions of the Philippines">region</a> </th> <th scope="col">Population (2015)<sup id="cite_ref-PSA15–[[Category:Errors_reported_by_Module_String]]<strong_class="error">String_Module_Error:_String_subset_index_out_of_range</strong>_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSA15–[[Category:Errors_reported_by_Module_String]]<strong_class="error">String_Module_Error:_String_subset_index_out_of_range</strong>-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col">Population (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-PSA20–[[Category:Errors_reported_by_Module_String]]<strong_class="error">String_Module_Error:_String_subset_index_out_of_range</strong>_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSA20–[[Category:Errors_reported_by_Module_String]]<strong_class="error">String_Module_Error:_String_subset_index_out_of_range</strong>-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col">Area<sup id="cite_ref-nscb_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nscb-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col">Density (2020) </th> <th scope="col">Region </th> <th scope="col" data-sort-type="number"><abbr title="Municipalities">Mun</abbr> </th> <th scope="col" data-sort-type="number">Cities </th> <th scope="col" data-sort-type="number"><abbr title="Barangays">Brgy</abbr> </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a> </th> <td>12,877,253 </td> <td>13,484,462 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7008619570000000000♠"></span>619.57 km<sup>2</sup><br />(239.22 sq mi) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7004217642268024597♠"></span>21,764/km<sup>2</sup> (56,369/sq mi) </td> <td><abbr title="National Capital Region">NCR</abbr> </td> <td>1 </td> <td>16 </td> <td>1,706 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bulacan" title="Bulacan">Bulacan</a> </th> <td>3,292,071 </td> <td>3,708,890 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7009279610000000000♠"></span>2,796.10 km<sup>2</sup><br />(1,079.58 sq mi) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7003132645112835735♠"></span>1,326/km<sup>2</sup> (3,435/sq mi) </td> <td data-sort-value="03"><a href="/wiki/Central_Luzon" title="Central Luzon">III</a> </td> <td>20 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>572 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Cavite" title="Cavite">Cavite</a> </th> <td>3,678,301 </td> <td>4,344,829 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7009157417000000000♠"></span>1,574.17 km<sup>2</sup><br />(607.79 sq mi) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7003276007610359745♠"></span>2,760/km<sup>2</sup> (7,149/sq mi) </td> <td data-sort-value="04"><a href="/wiki/Calabarzon" title="Calabarzon">IV-A</a> </td> <td>16 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>829 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Laguna_(province)" title="Laguna (province)">Laguna</a> </th> <td>3,035,081 </td> <td>3,382,193 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7009191785000000000♠"></span>1,917.85 km<sup>2</sup><br />(740.49 sq mi) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7003176353364444560♠"></span>1,764/km<sup>2</sup> (4,568/sq mi) </td> <td data-sort-value="04"><a href="/wiki/Calabarzon" title="Calabarzon">IV-A</a> </td> <td>24 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>681 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Rizal_(province)" title="Rizal (province)">Rizal</a> </th> <td>2,884,227 </td> <td>3,330,143 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7009119194000000000♠"></span>1,191.94 km<sup>2</sup><br />(460.21 sq mi) </td> <td><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7003279388475929996♠"></span>2,794/km<sup>2</sup> (7,236/sq mi) </td> <td data-sort-value="04"><a href="/wiki/Calabarzon" title="Calabarzon">IV-A</a> </td> <td>13 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>188 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <th scope="col">Total </th> <th scope="col">25,766,933 </th> <th scope="col">28,250,517 </th> <th scope="col"><span data-sort-value="7009809963000000000♠"></span>8,099.63 km<sup>2</sup><br />(3,127.28 sq mi) </th> <th scope="col"><span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7003348787747094620♠"></span>3,488/km<sup>2</sup> (9,034/sq mi) </th> <th scope="col"><i>GMA</i> </th> <th scope="col">74 </th> <th scope="col">34 </th> <th scope="col">3,973 </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Greater Manila Area is composed with 34 cities (16 highly urbanized cities, and 18 component cities) and 74 municipalities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Greater_Manila_Area&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mega_Manila" title="Mega Manila">Mega Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Luzon" title="Urban Luzon">Urban Luzon</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Greater_Manila_Area&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-HamnettForbes-2012-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HamnettForbes-2012_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHamnettForbes2012" class="citation book cs1">Hamnett, Stephen; Forbes, Dean (2012). "12". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8GSpAgAAQBAJ"><i>Planning Asian Cities: Risks and Resilience</i></a>. Routledge. p. 287. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-63927-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-63927-2"><bdi>978-1-136-63927-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=12&rft.btitle=Planning+Asian+Cities%3A+Risks+and+Resilience&rft.pages=287&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-136-63927-2&rft.aulast=Hamnett&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.au=Forbes%2C+Dean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8GSpAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreater+Manila+Area" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SenateGovPH-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SenateGovPH_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121006092302/https://www.senate.gov.ph/press_release/2012/0316_legarda1.asp">"Legarda Urges LGUs in Greater Metro Manila Area to Boost Defense against Disasters"</a>. <i>Senate of the Philippines</i>. March 16, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov.ph/press_release/2012/0316_legarda1.asp">the original</a> on October 6, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Senate+of+the+Philippines&rft.atitle=Legarda+Urges+LGUs+in+Greater+Metro+Manila+Area+to+Boost+Defense+against+Disasters&rft.date=2012-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senate.gov.ph%2Fpress_release%2F2012%2F0316_legarda1.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreater+Manila+Area" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMalasig2021" class="citation news cs1">Malasig, Jeline (March 22, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://interaksyon.philstar.com/trends-spotlights/2021/03/22/188079/greater-manila-vs-ncr-plus-questions-as-govt-labels-areas-under-gcq-bubble/">"Greater Manila vs 'NCR Plus': Questions as gov't labels areas under GCQ 'bubble'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Interaksyon</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 23,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interaksyon&rft.atitle=Greater+Manila+vs+%27NCR+Plus%27%3A+Questions+as+gov%27t+labels+areas+under+GCQ+%27bubble%27&rft.date=2021-03-22&rft.aulast=Malasig&rft.aufirst=Jeline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finteraksyon.philstar.com%2Ftrends-spotlights%2F2021%2F03%2F22%2F188079%2Fgreater-manila-vs-ncr-plus-questions-as-govt-labels-areas-under-gcq-bubble%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreater+Manila+Area" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PSA15–[[Category:Errors_reported_by_Module_String]]<strong_class="error">String_Module_Error:_String_subset_index_out_of_range</strong>-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PSA15–[[Category:Errors_reported_by_Module_String]]<strong_class="error">String_Module_Error:_String_subset_index_out_of_range</strong>_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCensus_of_Population2015" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Census of Population (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/2015%2520population%2520counts%2520Summary_0.xlsx"><i>Highlights of the Philippine Population 2015 Census of Population</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Statistics_Authority" title="Philippine Statistics Authority">Philippine Statistics Authority</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Highlights+of+the+Philippine+Population+2015+Census+of+Population&rft.pub=Philippine+Statistics+Authority&rft.date=2015&rft.au=Census+of+Population&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpsa.gov.ph%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fphcd%2F2022-12%2F2015%252520population%252520counts%252520Summary_0.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreater+Manila+Area" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PSA20–[[Category:Errors_reported_by_Module_String]]<strong_class="error">String_Module_Error:_String_subset_index_out_of_range</strong>-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PSA20–[[Category:Errors_reported_by_Module_String]]<strong_class="error">String_Module_Error:_String_subset_index_out_of_range</strong>_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCensus_of_Population2020" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Census of Population (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/Table%2520B%2520-%2520Population%2520and%2520Annual%2520Growth%2520Rates%2520by%2520Province%252C%2520City%252C%2520and%2520Municipality%2520-%2520By%2520Region_AGBA_rev.xlsx"><i>Table B - Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City, and Municipality - By Region</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Statistics_Authority" title="Philippine Statistics Authority">Philippine Statistics Authority</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Table+B+-+Population+and+Annual+Growth+Rates+by+Province%2C+City%2C+and+Municipality+-+By+Region&rft.pub=Philippine+Statistics+Authority&rft.date=2020&rft.au=Census+of+Population&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpsa.gov.ph%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fphcd%2F2022-12%2FTable%252520B%252520-%252520Population%252520and%252520Annual%252520Growth%252520Rates%252520by%252520Province%25252C%252520City%25252C%252520and%252520Municipality%252520-%252520By%252520Region_AGBA_rev.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreater+Manila+Area" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nscb-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nscb_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160419000512/http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/listprov.asp">"List of Provinces"</a>. <i>PSGC Interactive</i>. Makati, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/listprov.asp">the original</a> on April 19, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 14,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PSGC+Interactive&rft.atitle=List+of+Provinces&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nscb.gov.ph%2Factivestats%2Fpsgc%2Flistprov.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreater+Manila+Area" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Metro_Manila" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Metro_Manila" title="Template:Metro Manila"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Metro_Manila" title="Template talk:Metro Manila"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Metro_Manila" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Metro Manila"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Metro_Manila" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila" title="Metro Manila">Metro Manila</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_the_Philippines" title="Regions of the Philippines">National Capital Region of the Philippines</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a> (<a href="/wiki/Capital_of_the_Philippines" title="Capital of the Philippines">capital city</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Metro_Manila" title="Administrative divisions of Metro Manila">Administrative divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caloocan" title="Caloocan">Caloocan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Pi%C3%B1as" title="Las Piñas">Las Piñas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makati" title="Makati">Makati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malabon" title="Malabon">Malabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaluyong" title="Mandaluyong">Mandaluyong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marikina" title="Marikina">Marikina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muntinlupa" title="Muntinlupa">Muntinlupa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navotas" title="Navotas">Navotas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Para%C3%B1aque" title="Parañaque">Parañaque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasay" title="Pasay">Pasay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasig" title="Pasig">Pasig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pateros" title="Pateros">Pateros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quezon_City" title="Quezon City">Quezon City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Metro_Manila" title="San Juan, Metro Manila">San Juan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taguig" title="Taguig">Taguig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valenzuela,_Metro_Manila" title="Valenzuela, Metro Manila">Valenzuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_barangays_of_Metro_Manila" title="List of barangays of Metro Manila">Barangays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Legislative_districts_of_Metro_Manila" title="Category:Legislative districts of Metro Manila">Legislative districts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Manila" title="Geography of Manila">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Bay" title="Manila Bay">Manila Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasig_River" title="Pasig River">Pasig River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marikina_River" title="Marikina River">Marikina River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laguna_de_Bay" title="Laguna de Bay">Laguna de Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Madre_(Philippines)" title="Sierra Madre (Philippines)">Sierra Madre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Mesa_Watershed_Reservation" title="La Mesa Watershed Reservation">La Mesa Watershed Reservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marikina_Valley_Fault_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Marikina Valley Fault System">Marikina Valley Fault System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_and_estuaries_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of rivers and estuaries in Metro Manila">Rivers and esteros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Greater_Manila_Area" title="List of islands in the Greater Manila Area">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_parks_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of parks in Metro Manila">Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_the_Greater_Manila_Area" title="List of beaches in the Greater Manila Area">Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slums_in_Metro_Manila" title="Slums in Metro Manila">Slums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_reclamation_in_Metro_Manila" title="Land reclamation in Metro Manila">Land reclamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_City,_Metro_Manila" title="Bay City, Metro Manila">Bay City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manggahan_Floodway" title="Manggahan Floodway">Manggahan Floodway</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Greater Manila Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mega_Manila" title="Mega Manila">Mega Manila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Manila_Development_Authority" title="Metropolitan Manila Development Authority">Metropolitan Manila Development Authority</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_Metropolitan_Manila_Development_Authority" title="Chairperson of the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority">Chairperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Metro_Manila" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mayors of Metro Manila">Mayors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Metro_Manila" title="Governor of Metro Manila">Governor</a> (defunct)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Manila" title="History of Manila">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_Manila" title="Prehistory of Manila">Prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maynila_(historical_polity)" title="Maynila (historical polity)">Maynila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tondo_(historical_polity)" title="Tondo (historical polity)">Tondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namayan" title="Namayan">Namayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intramuros" title="Intramuros">Intramuros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_(province)" title="Manila (province)">Province of Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_galleon" title="Manila galleon">Manila–Acapulco Galleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_La_Naval_de_Manila" title="Battles of La Naval de Manila">Battles of La Naval de Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_occupation_of_Manila" title="British occupation of Manila">British occupation of Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Luzon_earthquakes" class="mw-redirect" title="1880 Luzon earthquakes">1880 Luzon earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cry_of_Pugad_Lawin" title="Cry of Pugad Lawin">Cry of Pugad Lawin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_Bay" title="Battle of Manila Bay">Battle of Manila Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1899)" title="Battle of Manila (1899)">Battle of Manila (1899)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizal_(province)" title="Rizal (province)">Province of Rizal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Greater_Manila" title="City of Greater Manila">City of Greater Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1945)" title="Battle of Manila (1945)">Battle of Manila (1945)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manila_massacre" title="Manila massacre">Manila massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Man" title="City of Man">City of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_Power_Revolution" title="People Power Revolution">People Power Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Youth_Day_1995" title="World Youth Day 1995">World Youth Day 1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehabilitation_of_the_Pasig_River" title="Rehabilitation of the Pasig River">Rehabilitation of the Pasig River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizal_Day_bombings" title="Rizal Day bombings">Rizal Day bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_Ketsana" title="Typhoon Ketsana">Typhoon Ketsana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Metro_Manila" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Metro Manila">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Manila" title="Timeline of Manila">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oldest_buildings_and_structures_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of oldest buildings and structures in Metro Manila">Oldest buildings and structures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cultural_Properties_of_the_Philippines_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of Cultural Properties of the Philippines in Metro Manila">Cultural properties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_markers_of_the_Philippines_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of historical markers of the Philippines in Metro Manila">Historical markers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Makati_Central_Business_District" title="Makati Central Business District">Makati CBD</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayala_Avenue" title="Ayala Avenue">Ayala Avenue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortigas_Center" title="Ortigas Center">Ortigas Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonifacio_Global_City" title="Bonifacio Global City">Bonifacio Global City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binondo" title="Binondo">Binondo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Escolta_Street" title="Escolta Street">Escolta Street</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Stock_Exchange" title="Philippine Stock Exchange">Philippine Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Commodity_Exchange" title="Manila Commodity Exchange">Manila Commodity Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangko_Sentral_ng_Pilipinas" title="Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas">Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Mint" title="Manila Mint">Manila Mint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Metro_Manila" title="Tourism in Metro Manila">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Manila_attractions" title="Template:Manila attractions">Attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hotels_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of hotels in Metro Manila">Hotels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Metro_Manila" title="Gambling in Metro Manila">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_City" title="Entertainment City">Entertainment City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mixed-use_developments_in_Metro_Manila" title="Category:Mixed-use developments in Metro Manila">Mixed-use developments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of tallest buildings in Metro Manila">Skyscrapers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public services and utilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hospitals_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of hospitals in Metro Manila">Hospitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_Police_Office" title="National Capital Region Police Office">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meralco" title="Meralco">Manila Electric Company (Meralco)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Waterworks_and_Sewerage_System" title="Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System">Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_privatization_in_Metro_Manila" title="Water privatization in Metro Manila">Water privatization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Water" title="Manila Water">Manila Water Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maynilad_Water_Services" title="Maynilad Water Services">Maynilad Water Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasig_River_Rehabilitation_Commission" title="Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission">Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laguna_Lake_Development_Authority" title="Laguna Lake Development Authority">Laguna Lake Development Authority</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of colleges and universities in Metro Manila">Colleges and universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Belt" title="University Belt">University Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of schools in Metro Manila">Primary and secondary schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_schools_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of international schools in Metro Manila">International schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of libraries in Metro Manila">Libraries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annual_events_in_Metro_Manila" title="Annual events in Metro Manila">Annual events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cemeteries_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of cemeteries in Metro Manila">Cemeteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cinemas_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of cinemas in Metro Manila">Cinemas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of museums in Metro Manila">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of public art in Metro Manila">Public art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_buildings_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of religious buildings in Metro Manila">Religious buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_Catholic_churches_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of Roman Catholic churches in Metro Manila">Roman Catholic churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_shopping_malls_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of shopping malls in Metro Manila">Shopping malls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_songs_about_Manila" title="List of songs about Manila">Songs about Manila</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manila_sound" title="Manila sound">Manila sound</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sporting_events_in_the_Greater_Manila_Area" title="List of sporting events in the Greater Manila Area">Sporting events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sports_venues_in_the_Greater_Manila_Area" title="List of sports venues in the Greater Manila Area">Sports venues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_theaters_and_concert_halls_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of theaters and concert halls in Metro Manila">Theaters and concert halls</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Art_Deco_theaters_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of Art Deco theaters in Metro Manila">Art Deco theaters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_published_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of newspapers published in Metro Manila">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Metro_Manila_TV" title="Template:Metro Manila TV">Television stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of radio stations in Metro Manila">Radio stations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Metro_Manila" title="Transportation in Metro Manila">Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Government <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Transportation_(Philippines)" title="Department of Transportation (Philippines)">Department of Transportation (DOTr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Manila_Development_Authority" title="Metropolitan Manila Development Authority">MMDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_Rail_Transit_Authority" title="Light Rail Transit Authority">LRTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_National_Railways" title="Philippine National Railways">PNR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_International_Airport_Authority" title="Manila International Airport Authority">MIAA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of roads in Metro Manila">Road</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bus_routes_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of bus routes in Metro Manila">Bus routes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premium_Point-to-Point_Bus_Service" title="Premium Point-to-Point Bus Service">P2P routes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Metro_Manila#Intermodal_terminals" title="Transportation in Metro Manila">Intermodal terminals</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transportation_in_the_Greater_Manila_Area" title="Rail transportation in the Greater Manila Area">Rail</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Light_Rail_Transit_System" title="Manila Light Rail Transit System">LRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manila_Metro_Rail_Transit_System" title="Manila Metro Rail Transit System">MRT</a></li></ul></li> <li>Water <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Manila" title="Port of Manila">Port of Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasig_River_Ferry_Service" title="Pasig River Ferry Service">Pasig River Ferry Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_the_Greater_Manila_Area" title="List of airports in the Greater Manila Area">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_in_Metro_Manila" title="Traffic in Metro Manila">Traffic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Manila" title="Imperial Manila">Imperial Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicknames_of_Manila" title="Nicknames of Manila">Nicknames of Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Metro_Manila" title="List of people from Metro Manila">Notable Manileños</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sister_cities_in_Metro_Manila" title="List of sister cities in Metro Manila">Sister cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_Manila_Dream_Plan" title="Metro Manila Dream Plan">Metro Manila Dream Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnham_Plan_of_Manila" title="Burnham Plan of Manila">Burnham Plan of Manila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frost_Plan" title="Frost Plan">Frost Plan of Quezon City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Metro_Manila" title="Outline of Metro Manila">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Metro_Manila-related_articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of Metro Manila-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Metro_Manila" title="Category:Metro Manila">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World&#039;s_50_most-populous_urban_areas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World%27s_most_populous_urban_areas" title="Template:World's most populous urban areas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World%27s_most_populous_urban_areas" title="Template talk:World's most populous urban areas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World%27s_most_populous_urban_areas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World's most populous urban areas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World&#039;s_50_most-populous_urban_areas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">World's 50 <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities" title="List of largest cities">most-populous urban areas</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <div><ol><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Tokyo_Area" title="Greater Tokyo Area">Tokyo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jakarta_metropolitan_area" title="Jakarta metropolitan area">Jakarta</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(India)" title="National Capital Region (India)">Delhi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>–<a href="/wiki/Foshan" title="Foshan">Foshan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_Metropolitan_Region" title="Mumbai Metropolitan Region">Mumbai</a></li><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manila</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Seoul_Capital_Area" title="Seoul Capital Area">Seoul</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Cairo" title="Greater Cairo">Cairo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Mexico_City" title="Greater Mexico City">Mexico City</a></li></ol></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <div><ol start="11"><li><a href="/wiki/Kolkata_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolkata metropolitan area">Kolkata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="Greater São Paulo">São Paulo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Dhaka" title="Greater Dhaka">Dhaka</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bangkok_Metropolitan_Region" title="Bangkok Metropolitan Region">Bangkok</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_metropolitan_area" title="Moscow metropolitan area">Moscow</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Buenos_Aires" title="Greater Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a></li></ol></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <div><ol start="21"><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles" title="Greater Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Johannesburg" title="Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a>-<a href="/wiki/Pretoria" title="Pretoria">Pretoria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Bangalore" title="Greater Bangalore">Bangalore</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_City_metropolitan_area" title="Ho Chi Minh City metropolitan area">Ho Chi Minh City</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Keihanshin" title="Keihanshin">Osaka–Kobe–Kyoto</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lagos" title="Lagos">Lagos</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kinshasa" title="Kinshasa">Kinshasa</a>–<a href="/wiki/Brazzaville" title="Brazzaville">Brazzaville</a></li></ol></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <div><ol start="31"><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Tehran" title="Greater Tehran">Tehran</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Greater Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an">Xi'an</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chennai_metropolitan_area" title="Chennai metropolitan area">Chennai</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Paris_metropolitan_area" title="Paris metropolitan area">Paris</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Zhengzhou" title="Zhengzhou">Zhengzhou</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Luanda" title="Luanda">Luanda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_London_Built-up_Area" title="Greater London Built-up Area">London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dongguan" title="Dongguan">Dongguan</a></li></ol></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20em;"><div> <div><ol start="41"><li><a href="/wiki/Lima_metropolitan_area" title="Lima metropolitan area">Lima</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Area_of_Bogot%C3%A1" title="Metropolitan Area of Bogotá">Bogotá</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hyderabad_Metropolitan_Region" title="Hyderabad Metropolitan Region">Hyderabad</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Taipei%E2%80%93Keelung_metropolitan_area" title="Taipei–Keelung metropolitan area">Taipei</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABky%C5%8D_metropolitan_area" title="Chūkyō metropolitan area">Nagoya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Surabaya_metropolitan_area" title="Surabaya metropolitan area">Surabaya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bandung_metropolitan_area" title="Bandung metropolitan area">Bandung</a></li></ol></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> <span class="metadata coord-missing"></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved 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