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Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchkin" title="Munchkin – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Munchkin" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86" title="قط مونتشكين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قط مونتشكين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gat_munchkin" title="Gat munchkin – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gat munchkin" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchkin_(ko%C4%8Dka)" title="Munchkin (kočka) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Munchkin (kočka)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchkin_(gato)" title="Munchkin (gato) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Munchkin (gato)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchkin_(chat)" title="Munchkin (chat) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Munchkin (chat)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A8%BC%EC%B9%98%ED%82%A8_(%EA%B3%A0%EC%96%91%EC%9D%B4)" title="먼치킨 (고양이) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="먼치킨 (고양이)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kucing_munchkin" title="Kucing munchkin – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kucing munchkin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchkin_(gatto)" title="Munchkin (gatto) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Munchkin (gatto)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%A6%27%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9F_(%D7%97%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9C)" title="מנצ'קין (חתול) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מנצ'קין (חתול)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mun%C4%8Dkinas" title="Munčkinas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Munčkinas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Мункин – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мункин" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86" title="قط مونتشكين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قط مونتشكين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchkin_(kattenras)" title="Munchkin (kattenras) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Munchkin (kattenras)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%83%81%E3%82%AB%E3%83%B3" title="マンチカン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マンチカン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchkin_(rasa_kota)" title="Munchkin (rasa kota) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Munchkin (rasa kota)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchkin_(gato)" title="Munchkin (gato) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Munchkin (gato)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BA)" title="Манчкин (порода кошек) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Манчкин (порода кошек)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchkin_cat" title="Munchkin cat – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Munchkin cat" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchkin_(kissa)" title="Munchkin (kissa) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Munchkin (kissa)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchkin_(kattras)" title="Munchkin (kattras) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Munchkin (kattras)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Манчкін – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Манчкін" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A8o_Munchkin" title="Mèo Munchkin – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mèo Munchkin" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%88%87%E5%A0%AA%E8%B2%93" title="曼切堪貓 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="曼切堪貓" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Breed of cat</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Breed of cat</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biota"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above breed" style="background-color: #d3d3a4;">Munchkin</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Longhairedmunchkin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Longhairedmunchkin.jpg/220px-Longhairedmunchkin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Longhairedmunchkin.jpg/330px-Longhairedmunchkin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Longhairedmunchkin.jpg/440px-Longhairedmunchkin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="551" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">An adolescent Munchkin kitten</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d3d3a4;"><span class="anchor" id="ibbs"></span>Breed standards</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/The_International_Cat_Association" title="The International Cat Association">TICA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tica.org/phocadownload/mk.pdf">standard</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://wcf.de/pdf-en/breed/MNS_en_2021-12-08.pdf">https://wcf.de/pdf-en/breed/MNS_en_2021-12-08.pdf</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background-color: #d3d3a4;"><span class="vernacular"><a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">Domestic cat</a></span> (<span class="binominal"><i>Felis catus</i></span>)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Munchkin</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Breed_of_cat" class="mw-redirect" title="Breed of cat">breed of cat</a> characterized by its <a href="/wiki/Dwarfism" title="Dwarfism">very short legs</a>, which are caused by a <a href="/wiki/Genetic_mutation" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic mutation">genetic mutation</a>. Compared to many other cat breeds, it is a relatively new breed, documented since 1940s<sup id="cite_ref-TICAintro_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TICAintro-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and officially recognized in 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitzroy_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitzroy-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Munchkin is considered to be the original breed of <a href="/wiki/Dwarf_cat" title="Dwarf cat">dwarf cat</a>. </p><p>Much controversy erupted over the breed when it was recognized by <a href="/wiki/The_International_Cat_Association" title="The International Cat Association">The International Cat Association</a> (TICA) in 1997 with critics voicing concerns over potential health and mobility issues.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many pedigree cat associations around the world have refused to recognize the Munchkin cat due to the welfare of the breed and uncertainty of the health issues,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the <a href="/wiki/Governing_Council_of_the_Cat_Fancy" title="Governing Council of the Cat Fancy">Governing Council of the Cat Fancy</a> (GCCF).<sup id="cite_ref-GCCF_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GCCF-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Breeding of Munchkin cats is prohibited by law in several countries due to these genetic health concerns. </p><p>The name derives from writer <a href="/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">L. Frank Baum</a>'s diminutive inhabitants of <a href="/wiki/Munchkin_Country" title="Munchkin Country">Munchkin Country</a>, originating in the 1900 novel, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munchkin_cat&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Breed_creation">Breed creation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munchkin_cat&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Breed creation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Short-legged cats have been documented a number of times around the world since the 1940s. A British veterinary report in 1944 noted four generations of short-legged cats which were similar to normal cats except for the length of the legs. This line disappeared during the Second World War but other short-legged cats were spotted in Russia during 1956 and the United States in the 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-TICAintro_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TICAintro-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1983, Sandra Hochenedel, a music teacher in <a href="/wiki/Rayville,_Louisiana" title="Rayville, Louisiana">Rayville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a>, found two pregnant cats who had been chased under a truck by a dog.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She kept one of the cats and named her Blackberry and half of her kittens were born short-legged. Hochenedel gave a short-legged male kitten from one of Blackberry's litters to a friend, Kay LaFrance of <a href="/wiki/Monroe,_Louisiana" title="Monroe, Louisiana">Monroe</a>, Louisiana, and she named the kitten Toulouse.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is from Blackberry and Toulouse's litter that today's Munchkin breed is descended.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Registry_history">Registry history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munchkin_cat&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Registry history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Munchkin cat was first introduced to the general public in 1991 via a national network televised cat show held by <a href="/wiki/The_International_Cat_Association" title="The International Cat Association">The International Cat Association</a> (TICA) in <a href="/wiki/Davis,_Oklahoma" title="Davis, Oklahoma">Davis, Oklahoma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Helgren2006_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Helgren2006-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the breed would not be officially recognized at that time. Critics predicted that the breed would develop back, hip and leg problems similar to those that plague some <a href="/wiki/Dachshund" title="Dachshund">dachshunds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For many years, the Munchkin breed was not accepted in feline competitions due to the controversial breeding.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Solveig Pflueger, a show judge, <a href="/wiki/Geneticist" title="Geneticist">geneticist</a>, and chairperson of TICA's Genetics Committee was a strong advocate for the official recognition of the breed. Pflueger was also a breeder of Munchkin cats herself, having been initially sent two cats from Hochenedel.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amidst much controversy, the Munchkin was proposed as a new breed by foundation breeders Laurie Bobskill and Robert Bobskill of Massachusetts and accepted by TICA into its new breed development program in September 1994. Veteran show judge Katherine Crawford resigned in protest, calling the breed an affront to breeders with ethics.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Helgren98_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Helgren98-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Munchkin breed achieved TICA championship status in May 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-TICAintro_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TICAintro-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Currently, the only registries that fully recognize the breed are TICA, the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa_Cat_Council" title="Southern Africa Cat Council">Southern Africa Cat Council</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Cat_Federation" title="Australian Cat Federation">Australian Cat Federation</a>, the <a href="/wiki/World_Cat_Federation" title="World Cat Federation">World Cat Federation</a>, and Catz Incorporated (New Zealand).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is controversy among breeders of pedigree cats as to what genetic mutations are abnormal and potentially disadvantageous to the cat.<sup id="cite_ref-morris_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morris-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Katie Lisnik, director of cat protection and policy at the <a href="/wiki/Humane_Society_of_the_United_States" title="Humane Society of the United States">Humane Society of the United States</a>, has said: "Breeding animals for exaggerated physical characteristics, particularly when it compromises overall health, is irresponsible".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several <a href="/wiki/Cat_registry" title="Cat registry">cat registries</a> do not recognize the Munchkin: <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Internationale_F%C3%A9line" title="Fédération Internationale Féline">Fédération Internationale Féline</a>, which refuses to recognize what they consider a breed based on a "<a href="/wiki/Genetic_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic disease">genetic disease</a>", <a href="/wiki/Achondroplasia" title="Achondroplasia">achondroplasia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FIF_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FIF-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Governing_Council_of_the_Cat_Fancy" title="Governing Council of the Cat Fancy">Governing Council of the Cat Fancy</a> likewise refuses to recognize the breed, considering this breed and others like it to be "unacceptable" because they are based on an "abnormal structure or development".<sup id="cite_ref-GCCF_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GCCF-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The breed is also not recognized by the <a href="/wiki/Cat_Fanciers%27_Association" title="Cat Fanciers' Association">Cat Fanciers' Association</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CFA_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CFA-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Welfare_concern">Welfare concern</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munchkin_cat&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Welfare concern"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Breeding_bans">Breeding bans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munchkin_cat&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Breeding bans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="This term requires quantification. (January 2024)">quantify</span></a></i>]</sup> countries and territories have prohibited breeding with Munchkins, including the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> (2014), which prohibits breeding of all animals with genetic defects,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(state)" title="Victoria (state)">Victoria</a> (<a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Australian_Capital_Territory" title="Australian Capital Territory">Australian Capital Territory</a> (a territory of Australia) government considers the Munchkin breed to be "malformed animals" and the deliberate breeding of them "unacceptable" because of the "genetic health problems associated with such breeding".<sup id="cite_ref-ACT_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ACT-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Munchkin cross-breeds like the <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Derived_breeds">bambino</a> have also been subject to legal restrictions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munchkin_cat&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Munchkinshorthaired.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Munchkinshorthaired.jpg/220px-Munchkinshorthaired.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Munchkinshorthaired.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="391" /></a><figcaption>Munchkin kitten, 7 months old</figcaption></figure> <p>Some sources state that the shortness of their legs does not interfere with their running and leaping abilities,<sup id="cite_ref-jonstroud_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jonstroud-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while others state their ability to jump is limited by their condition.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Munchkin has similar characteristics to normal domestic cats, due to their frequent use as <a href="/wiki/Outcross" class="mw-redirect" title="Outcross">outcrosses</a>. It is a small to medium-sized cat with a moderate <a href="/wiki/Cat#Body_types" title="Cat">body type</a> and medium-plush coat. Male Munchkins typically weigh between 6 and 9 pounds (2.7 and 4.1 kg) and are usually larger than female Munchkins, which typically weigh between 4 and 8 pounds (1.8 and 3.6 kg). The hind legs can be slightly longer than the front which creates a slight rise from the shoulder to the rump. The legs of the Munchkin may be slightly <a href="/wiki/Genu_varum" title="Genu varum">bowed</a>, although excessive bowing is a disqualification in the show ring. <a href="/wiki/Cow-hocked" title="Cow-hocked">Cow-hocked</a> legs are also penalized.<sup id="cite_ref-TICAintro_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TICAintro-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Helgren2006_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Helgren2006-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Munchkin comes in all coat colors and patterns. It also comes in a long-haired variety, which is shown in a separate Munchkin Longhair category. The short-haired variety has a medium-plush coat while the long-haired has a semi-long silky coat.<sup id="cite_ref-TICAintro_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TICAintro-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> TICA rules for outcrossing allows the use of any domestic cat that does not already belong to a recognized breed. Similarity to other breeds is grounds for disqualification. Non-standard Munchkins are not allowed to be shown.<sup id="cite_ref-TICAstandard_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TICAstandard-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, Lilieput, a Munchkin cat from <a href="/wiki/Napa,_California" title="Napa, California">Napa, California</a>, was named the shortest statured living cat in the world by <a href="/wiki/Guinness_World_Records" title="Guinness World Records">Guinness World Records</a>. She stands 5.25 inches (133 mm) tall.<sup id="cite_ref-Yune_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yune-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health">Health</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munchkin_cat&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The mutation that causes the shortened legs in the Munchkin is a <a href="/wiki/Chondrodysplasia" class="mw-redirect" title="Chondrodysplasia">chondrodysplasia</a>. The Munchkin cat has an increased incidence of <a href="/wiki/Lordosis" title="Lordosis">lordosis</a><sup id="cite_ref-orthopaedics_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-orthopaedics-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Pectus_excavatum" title="Pectus excavatum">pectus excavatum</a> (hollowed chest).<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Munchkin cats are known to be at a higher risk (than other feline breeds) for severe <a href="/wiki/Osteoarthritis" title="Osteoarthritis">osteoarthritis</a> because the shorter limbs affect their activity levels and behavior.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diagnosis of osteoarthritis and the assessment of its severity for a cat may require <a href="/wiki/Radiography" title="Radiography">radiography</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many pedigree cat associations around the world have refused to recognize the Munchkin cat due to health concerns.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genetics">Genetics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munchkin_cat&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Genetics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The gene causing <a href="/wiki/Chondrodysplasia" class="mw-redirect" title="Chondrodysplasia">chondrodysplasia</a> in the Munchkin cat is caused by an <a href="/wiki/Autosomal_dominant" class="mw-redirect" title="Autosomal dominant">autosomal dominant</a> mutation. Only <a href="/wiki/Heterozygous" class="mw-redirect" title="Heterozygous">heterozygous</a> cats are viable.<sup id="cite_ref-orthopaedics_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-orthopaedics-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Punnett_square" title="Punnett square">Punnett squares</a>, in which the <b>M</b> represents the dominant Munchkin gene and the <b>m</b> represents the recessive normal gene, may be used to illustrate the chances of a particular mating resulting in a short-legged cat. </p><p><br /> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:30%"> <caption>Mating two standard Munchkins </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:3em;"> </th> <th style="width:3em;">M </th> <th style="width:3em;">m </th></tr> <tr> <th>M </th> <td>MM </td> <td>Mm </td></tr> <tr> <th>m </th> <td>Mm </td> <td>mm </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>For each kitten conceived from this mating, there is a 25% chance it will fail to gestate, a 25% chance it will be normal, and a 50% chance it will be short-legged. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:30%"> <caption>Mating a standard or non-standard Munchkin with a normal cat </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:3em;"> </th> <th style="width:3em;">M </th> <th style="width:3em;">m </th></tr> <tr> <th>m </th> <td>Mm </td> <td>mm </td></tr> <tr> <th>m </th> <td>Mm </td> <td>mm </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>For each kitten conceived from this mating, there is a 0% chance it will be homozygous for the Munchkin gene, a 50% chance it will be normal non-standard (long legged) Munchkin, and a 50% chance it will be a standard (short legged) Munchkin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Derived_breeds">Derived breeds</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munchkin_cat&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Derived breeds"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The popularity of the Munchkin<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has led to the <a href="/wiki/Crossbreed" title="Crossbreed">crossbreeding</a> of the Munchkin with other breeds, to try to establish new, derived breeds, most of which are unrecognised by any major registry. Some named experimental crossbreeds (all of them <a href="/wiki/Dwarf_cat" title="Dwarf cat">dwarf cats</a>) include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_experimental_cat_breeds#Bambino" title="List of experimental cat breeds">Bambino</a>, a mostly-hairless dwarf cat, from a cross of the Munchkin and the <a href="/wiki/Sphynx_cat" title="Sphynx cat">Sphynx</a> breeds. Recognised by the Rare and Exotic Feline Registry (REFR).<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_Food_and_Consumer_Product_Safety_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority">Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority</a> ordered a couple to stop breeding the Bambino due to welfare concerns.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_experimental_cat_breeds#Dwelf" title="List of experimental cat breeds">Dwelf</a>, a cross between the Munchkin, Sphynx, and <a href="/wiki/American_Curl" title="American Curl">American Curl</a>, with the defining traits of all three breeds: shortened legs, hairlessness, and curled ears. It is recognised by REFR.<sup id="cite_ref-REFR_recog_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-REFR_recog-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_experimental_cat_breeds#Genetta" title="List of experimental cat breeds">Genetta</a>, a cross between Munchkin, <a href="/wiki/Bengal_cat" title="Bengal cat">Bengal</a>, and sometimes <a href="/wiki/Ocicat" title="Ocicat">Ocicat</a> breeds, with a spotted, striped, or marbled coat. It is recognised by REFR.<sup id="cite_ref-REFR_recog_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-REFR_recog-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_experimental_cat_breeds#Kinkalow" title="List of experimental cat breeds">Kinkalow</a>, a cross between Munchkin and <a href="/wiki/American_Curl" title="American Curl">American Curl</a>, with short legs and curled ears. It is recognised by REFR.<sup id="cite_ref-REFR_recog_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-REFR_recog-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_experimental_cat_breeds#Lambkin_(Nanus_Rex)" title="List of experimental cat breeds">Lambkin (or Nanus Rex)</a>, a cross between Munchkin and <a href="/wiki/Selkirk_Rex" title="Selkirk Rex">Selkirk Rex</a>, with short legs and a curly coat. It is recognised by the REFR.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minskin" title="Minskin">Minskin</a>, a breed developed from Munchkin, <a href="/wiki/Burmese_cat" title="Burmese cat">Burmese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sphynx_cat" title="Sphynx cat">Sphynx</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Devon_Rex" title="Devon Rex">Devon Rex</a> stock, with short legs, hairlessness or a very short coat, and <a href="/wiki/Point_coloration" class="mw-redirect" title="Point coloration">point coloration</a>. It is recognised by REFR,<sup id="cite_ref-REFR_recog_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-REFR_recog-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and preliminaily by <a href="/wiki/The_International_Cat_Association" title="The International Cat Association">The International Cat Association</a> (TICA) since 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minuet_cat" title="Minuet cat">Minuet (or Napoleon)</a>, a cross between Munchkin and <a href="/wiki/Persian_cat" title="Persian cat">Persian</a> (or sometimes <a href="/wiki/Himalayan_cat" title="Himalayan cat">Himalayan</a> or <a href="/wiki/Exotic_Shorthair" title="Exotic Shorthair">Exotic Shorthair</a>), with short legs and <a href="/wiki/Cephalic_index_in_cats_and_dogs" title="Cephalic index in cats and dogs">brachycephaly</a> ("peke-face", characteristic of the latter breeds). Coat length and coloration depend on the bloodline. It is a fully recognized breed by TICA<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (experimentally since 2001).<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is still recognized under the Napoleon name by REFR.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_experimental_cat_breeds#Skookum_(LaMerm)" title="List of experimental cat breeds">Skookum (or LaMerm)</a>, a cross between Munchkin and <a href="/wiki/LaPerm" title="LaPerm">LaPerm</a>, with the short legs of the former and curly coat of the latter. It is recognised by the REFR.<sup id="cite_ref-REFR_recog_33-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-REFR_recog-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munchkin_cat&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_cat" title="Dwarf cat">Dwarf cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selective_breeding" title="Selective breeding">Selective breeding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squitten" title="Squitten">Squitten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_body_type_genetic_mutations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cat body type genetic mutations">Cat body type genetic mutations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Fold" title="Scottish Fold">Scottish Fold</a>, a variety of cat with a gene causing <a href="/wiki/Osteochondrodysplasia" title="Osteochondrodysplasia">osteochondrodysplasia</a> rather than <a href="/wiki/Achondroplasia" title="Achondroplasia">achondroplasia</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Corgi" title="Welsh Corgi">Welsh Corgi</a>, a dog breed with a similar stature and health issues.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munchkin_cat&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-TICAintro-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TICAintro_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TICAintro_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TICAintro_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TICAintro_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TICAintro_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tica.org/munchkin-breeders?view=article&id=857:munchkin-breed&catid=79">"Munchkin Breed"</a>. <i>The International Cat Association (TICA)</i>. August 13, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+International+Cat+Association+%28TICA%29&rft.atitle=Munchkin+Breed&rft.date=2018-08-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftica.org%2Fmunchkin-breeders%3Fview%3Darticle%26id%3D857%3Amunchkin-breed%26catid%3D79&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMunchkin+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fitzroy-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fitzroy_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201204073705/https://fitzroyvet.com.au/pet-library/munchkin">"Munchkin breed"</a>. <i>Fitzroy Vet Hospital VIC</i>. July 23, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fitzroyvet.com.au/pet-library/munchkin">the original</a> on December 4, 2020. <q>however the breed is young, having only been introduced to the public as an official breed in 1991.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fitzroy+Vet+Hospital+VIC&rft.atitle=Munchkin+breed&rft.date=2015-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffitzroyvet.com.au%2Fpet-library%2Fmunchkin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMunchkin+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://metro.co.uk/2017/01/31/vets-warn-trend-for-sausage-cats-is-cruel-6416755/">"Vets warn trend for sausage cats is cruel"</a>. <i>Metro UK</i>. January 31, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metro+UK&rft.atitle=Vets+warn+trend+for+sausage+cats+is+cruel&rft.date=2017-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmetro.co.uk%2F2017%2F01%2F31%2Fvets-warn-trend-for-sausage-cats-is-cruel-6416755%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMunchkin+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ufaw.org.uk/cats/munchkin-limb-deformity">"Genetic Welfare Problems of Companion Animals, Munchkin - Limb Deformity"</a>. <i>Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW)</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Universities+Federation+for+Animal+Welfare+%28UFAW%29&rft.atitle=Genetic+Welfare+Problems+of+Companion+Animals%2C+Munchkin+-+Limb+Deformity&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ufaw.org.uk%2Fcats%2Fmunchkin-limb-deformity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMunchkin+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GCCF-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GCCF_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GCCF_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Governing Council of the Cat Fancy, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gccfcats.org/health.html">The GCCF says Health Comes First</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150504022515/http://www.gccfcats.org/health.html">Archived</a> May 4, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.petmd.com/cat/breeds/c_ct_munchkin">"Munchkin & Midget Cat Breed Facts"</a>. <i>www.petmd.com</i>. petMD, LLC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.petmd.com&rft.atitle=Munchkin+%26+Midget+Cat+Breed+Facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petmd.com%2Fcat%2Fbreeds%2Fc_ct_munchkin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMunchkin+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNunn" class="citation web cs1">Nunn, Lyn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catbreedsjunction.com/munchkin-cats.html">"Munchkin Cats - Origin and History"</a>. <i>Cat Breeds Junction</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Domestic_cats497" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Domestic_cat" title="Template:Domestic cat"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Domestic_cat" title="Template talk:Domestic cat"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Domestic_cat" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Domestic cat"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Domestic_cats497" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">Domestic cats</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Felinology" title="Felinology">Felinology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat_anatomy" title="Cat anatomy">Anatomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_genetics" title="Cat genetics">Genetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_cat" title="Dwarf cat">Dwarf cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitten" title="Kitten">Kitten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odd-eyed_cat" title="Odd-eyed cat">Odd-eyed cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squitten" title="Squitten">Squitten</a></li> <li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Cat_coat_genetics" title="Cat coat genetics">Coat genetics</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicolor_cat" title="Bicolor cat">Bicolor cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_cat" title="Black cat">Black cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calico_cat" title="Calico cat">Calico cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabby_cat" title="Tabby cat">Tabby cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortoiseshell_cat" title="Tortoiseshell cat">Tortoiseshell cat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cat_health" title="Cat health">Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aging_in_cats" title="Aging in cats">Aging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychectomy" title="Onychectomy">Declawing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_food" title="Cat food">Diet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dental_health_diets_for_cats" title="Dental health diets for cats">dental health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_cat_diet" title="Senior cat diet">senior</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feline_vaccination" title="Feline vaccination">Vaccination</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cat_behavior" title="Cat behavior">Behavior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%E2%80%93dog_relationship" title="Cat–dog relationship">Cat–dog relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_communication" title="Cat communication">Catfight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catnip" title="Catnip">Catnip</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Valerian_(herb)" title="Valerian (herb)">valerian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_communication" title="Cat communication">Communication</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meow" title="Meow">Meow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purr" title="Purr">Purr</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kneading_(cats)" title="Kneading (cats)">Kneading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_intelligence" title="Cat intelligence">Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_play_and_toys" title="Cat play and toys">Play and toys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_righting_reflex" title="Cat righting reflex">Righting reflex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_senses" title="Cat senses">Senses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_interaction_with_cats" title="Human interaction with cats">Human–cat<br />interaction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ailurophobia" title="Ailurophobia">Ailurophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_caf%C3%A9" title="Cat café">Cat cafés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cat_killers" title="Category:Cat killers">Cat killers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_massage" title="Cat massage">Cat massage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_meat" title="Cat meat">Cat meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat-scratch_disease" title="Cat-scratch disease">Cat-scratch disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_show" title="Cat show">Cat show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cats_in_ancient_Egypt" title="Cats in ancient Egypt">Cats in ancient Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_cats" title="Cultural depictions of cats">Cultural depictions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_felines" title="List of fictional felines">fictional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cats_and_the_Internet" title="Cats and the Internet">Internet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog-like_cat" title="Dog-like cat">Dog-like cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feral_cat" title="Feral cat">Feral cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_cats" title="Islam and cats">Cats and Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lolcat" title="Lolcat">Lolcat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Cat_Day" title="National Cat Day">National Cat Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pet" title="Pet">Pet cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_cat" title="Working cat">Working cat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodega_cat" title="Bodega cat">Bodega cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farm_cat" title="Farm cat">Farm cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_cat" title="Library cat">Library cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ship%27s_cat" title="Ship's cat">Ship's cat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feline_zoonosis" title="Feline zoonosis">Zoonosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cat_registry" title="Cat registry">Registries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Cat_Fanciers_Association" title="American Cat Fanciers Association">American Cat Fanciers Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associazione_Nazionale_Felina_Italiana" title="Associazione Nazionale Felina Italiana">Associazione Nazionale Felina Italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Cat_Federation" title="Australian Cat Federation">Australian Cat Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Cat_Association" title="Canadian Cat Association">Canadian Cat Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_Aficionado_Association" title="Cat Aficionado Association">Cat Aficionado Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_Fanciers%27_Association" title="Cat Fanciers' Association">Cat Fanciers' Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Internationale_F%C3%A9line" title="Fédération Internationale Féline">Fédération Internationale Féline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governing_Council_of_the_Cat_Fancy" title="Governing Council of the Cat Fancy">Governing Council of the Cat Fancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Cat_Fancy" title="New Zealand Cat Fancy">New Zealand Cat Fancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa_Cat_Council" title="Southern Africa Cat Council">Southern Africa Cat Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_International_Cat_Association" title="The International Cat Association">The International Cat Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Cat_Congress" title="World Cat Congress">World Cat Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Cat_Federation" title="World Cat Federation">World Cat Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Breeds<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_cat_breeds" title="List of cat breeds">full list</a>)<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_experimental_cat_breeds" title="List of experimental cat breeds">experimental</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fully<br />domestic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abyssinian_cat" title="Abyssinian cat">Abyssinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Curl" title="American Curl">American Curl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Shorthair" title="American Shorthair">American Shorthair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_cat" title="Balinese cat">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Shorthair" title="Brazilian Shorthair">Brazilian Shorthair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Shorthair" title="British Shorthair">British Shorthair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birman" title="Birman">Birman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombay_cat" title="Bombay cat">Bombay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_cat" title="Burmese cat">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmilla" title="Burmilla">Burmilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Spangled" title="California Spangled">California Spangled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chartreux" title="Chartreux">Chartreux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_Li" title="Dragon Li">Chinese Li Hua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorpoint_Shorthair" title="Colorpoint Shorthair">Colorpoint Shorthair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_Rex" title="Cornish Rex">Cornish Rex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymric_cat" title="Cymric cat">Cymric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devon_Rex" title="Devon Rex">Devon Rex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donskoy_cat" title="Donskoy cat">Donskoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Mau" title="Egyptian Mau">Egyptian Mau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Shorthair" title="European Shorthair">European Shorthair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exotic_Shorthair" title="Exotic Shorthair">Exotic Shorthair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foldex_cat" title="Foldex cat">Foldex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Rex" title="German Rex">German Rex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_cat" title="Himalayan cat">Himalayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Bobtail" title="Japanese Bobtail">Japanese Bobtail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_cat" title="Javanese cat">Javanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khao_Manee" title="Khao Manee">Khao Manee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korat" title="Korat">Korat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurilian_Bobtail" title="Kurilian Bobtail">Kurilian Bobtail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lykoi" title="Lykoi">Lykoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine_Coon" title="Maine Coon">Maine Coon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manx_cat" title="Manx cat">Manx</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Munchkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neva_Masquerade" title="Neva Masquerade">Neva Masquerade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Forest_cat" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian Forest cat">Norwegian Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocicat" title="Ocicat">Ocicat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ojos_Azules" title="Ojos Azules">Ojos Azules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Shorthair" title="Oriental Shorthair">Oriental Shorthair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_cat" title="Persian cat">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterbald" title="Peterbald">Peterbald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixie-bob" title="Pixie-bob">Pixie-bob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragdoll" title="Ragdoll">Ragdoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragamuffin_cat" title="Ragamuffin cat">Ragamuffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Blue" title="Russian Blue">Russian Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Fold" title="Scottish Fold">Scottish Fold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selkirk_Rex" title="Selkirk Rex">Selkirk Rex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siamese_cat" title="Siamese cat">Siamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_cat" title="Siberian cat">Siberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapura_cat" title="Singapura cat">Singapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowshoe_cat" title="Snowshoe cat">Snowshoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_cat" title="Somali cat">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphynx_cat" title="Sphynx cat">Sphynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_cat" title="Thai cat">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Persian" title="Traditional Persian">Traditional Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonkinese_cat" title="Tonkinese cat">Tonkinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyger" title="Toyger">Toyger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Angora" title="Turkish Angora">Turkish Angora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Van" title="Turkish Van">Turkish Van</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hybrid</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_cat" title="Bengal cat">Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chausie" title="Chausie">Chausie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highlander_cat" title="Highlander cat">Highlander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savannah_cat" title="Savannah cat">Savannah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serengeti_cat" title="Serengeti cat">Serengeti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Landrace" title="Landrace">Landraces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegean_cat" title="Aegean cat">Aegean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_cat" title="Cyprus cat">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kellas_cat" title="Kellas cat">Kellas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokoke" title="Sokoke">Sokoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_cat" title="Van cat">Van</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_feline_diseases" title="List of feline diseases">Diseases and<br />disorders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feline_acne" title="Feline acne">Acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feline_asthma" title="Feline asthma">Asthma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feline_calicivirus" title="Feline calicivirus">Calicivirus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congenital_sensorineural_deafness_in_cats" title="Congenital sensorineural deafness in cats">Congenital sensorineural deafness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feline_corneal_sequestrum" title="Feline corneal sequestrum">Feline corneal sequestrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_flea" title="Cat flea">Flea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coccidia" title="Coccidia">Coccidia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirofilaria_immitis" title="Dirofilaria immitis">Heartworm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feline_hepatic_lipidosis" title="Feline hepatic lipidosis">Hepatic lipidosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy#Related_disorders" title="Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy">Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feline_immunodeficiency_virus" title="Feline immunodeficiency virus">Immunodeficiency virus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feline_infectious_peritonitis" title="Feline infectious peritonitis">Infectious peritonitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feline_leukemia_virus" title="Feline leukemia virus">Leukemia virus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feline_lower_urinary_tract_disease" title="Feline lower urinary tract disease">Lower urinary tract disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnivore_protoparvovirus_1" title="Carnivore protoparvovirus 1">Panleukopenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giardiasis" title="Giardiasis">Giardiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polydactyl_cat" title="Polydactyl cat">Polydactyly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabies_in_animals" title="Rabies in animals">Rabies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermatophytosis" title="Dermatophytosis">Ringworm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritrichomonas_foetus" title="Tritrichomonas foetus">Tritrichomonas foetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toxocara_cati" title="Toxocara cati">Roundworm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_skin_disorders" title="Cat skin disorders">Skin disorders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tick" title="Tick">Tick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toxoplasmosis" title="Toxoplasmosis">Toxoplasmosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feline_viral_rhinotracheitis" title="Feline viral rhinotracheitis">Viral rhinotracheitis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Cats_by_country" title="Category:Cats by country">Cats by country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cats_in_Australia" title="Cats in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cats_in_Canada" title="Category:Cats in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cats_in_Japan" 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