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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Pedoman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pedoman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Pedoman</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Pedoman-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Pedoman</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Pedoman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pengucapan_vokal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pengucapan_vokal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Pengucapan vokal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pengucapan_vokal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Posisi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Posisi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Posisi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Posisi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ketinggian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ketinggian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Ketinggian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ketinggian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kebulatan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kebulatan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Kebulatan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kebulatan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pengucapan_konsonan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pengucapan_konsonan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Pengucapan konsonan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pengucapan_konsonan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Daerah_artikulasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daerah_artikulasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Daerah artikulasi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Daerah_artikulasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cara_pengucapan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cara_pengucapan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Cara pengucapan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cara_pengucapan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penyuaraan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penyuaraan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>Penyuaraan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penyuaraan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tabel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tabel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Tabel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tabel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vokal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vokal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vokal</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Vokal-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Vokal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Vokal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Depan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Depan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Depan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Depan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hampir_depan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hampir_depan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Hampir depan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hampir_depan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Madya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Madya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Madya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Madya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hampir_belakang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hampir_belakang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Hampir belakang</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hampir_belakang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belakang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belakang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Belakang</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belakang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konsonan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konsonan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Konsonan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Konsonan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Konsonan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Konsonan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dwibibir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dwibibir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Dwibibir</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dwibibir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibir-gigi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibir-gigi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Bibir-gigi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibir-gigi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gigi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gigi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Gigi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gigi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rongga-gigi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rongga-gigi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Rongga-gigi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rongga-gigi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pasca-rongga-gigi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pasca-rongga-gigi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Pasca-rongga-gigi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pasca-rongga-gigi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tarik-belakang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tarik-belakang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Tarik-belakang</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tarik-belakang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Langit-langit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Langit-langit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Langit-langit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Langit-langit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Langit-langit_belakang_terbibirkan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Langit-langit_belakang_terbibirkan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Langit-langit belakang terbibirkan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Langit-langit_belakang_terbibirkan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Langit-langit_belakang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Langit-langit_belakang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>Langit-langit belakang</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Langit-langit_belakang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.10</span> <span>Tekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hulu_kerongkongan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hulu_kerongkongan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.11</span> <span>Hulu kerongkongan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hulu_kerongkongan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Katup_napas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Katup_napas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.12</span> <span>Katup napas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Katup_napas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Celah_suara" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Celah_suara"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.13</span> <span>Celah suara</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Celah_suara-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catatan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catatan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Catatan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catatan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span style="color:white;width:0;font-size:0;" class="hidden_title hidden-title">Bantuan:Pengucapan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 48 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9:%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مساعدة:الألفبائية الصوتية الدولية – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مساعدة:الألفبائية الصوتية الدولية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:IPA" title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:IPA – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:IPA" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BA:%D0%98%D0%A4%D0%90" title="Кумек:ИФА – Avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Кумек:ИФА" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A4%D9%85%DA%A9:IPA" title="کؤمک:IPA – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کؤمک:IPA" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82" title="Вікіпедыя:Міжнародны фанетычны алфавіт – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вікіпедыя:Міжнародны фанетычны алфавіт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:IPA" title="Уикипедия:IPA – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уикипедия:IPA" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF:%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC" title="সাহায্য:আধ্বব – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাহায্য:আধ্বব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:AFI" title="Ajuda:AFI – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ajuda:AFI" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C:IPA" title="یارمەتی:IPA – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="یارمەتی:IPA" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:MFA" title="Nápověda:MFA – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nápověda:MFA" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cymorth:IPA" title="Cymorth:IPA – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cymorth:IPA" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lautschrift" title="Wikipedia:Lautschrift – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wikipedia:Lautschrift" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%BF%CE%AE%CE%B8%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1:%CE%9F%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%B3%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%82_IPA" title="Βοήθεια:Οδηγός προφοράς IPA – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βοήθεια:Οδηγός προφοράς IPA" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Help:IPA" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7:%D8%A2%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="راهنما:آی‌پی‌ای – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راهنما:آی‌پی‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aide:Alphabet_phon%C3%A9tique_international" title="Aide:Alphabet phonétique international – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aide:Alphabet phonétique international" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pytyv%C3%B5:A%C3%91H" title="Pytyvõ:AÑH – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Pytyvõ:AÑH" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulong:IPA" title="Tulong:IPA – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Tulong:IPA" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hj%C3%A1lp:Al%C3%BEj%C3%B3%C3%B0lega_hlj%C3%B3%C3%B0stafr%C3%B3fi%C3%B0" title="Hjálp:Alþjóðlega hljóðstafrófið – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hjálp:Alþjóðlega hljóðstafrófið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiuto:IPA" title="Aiuto:IPA – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aiuto:IPA" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="Help:IPA" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Help:IPA" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:IPA" title="위키백과:IPA – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키백과:IPA" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agi%C3%BBtto:IPA" title="Agiûtto:IPA – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Agiûtto:IPA" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiuto:AFI" title="Aiuto:AFI – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Aiuto:AFI" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantuan:AFA" title="Bantuan:AFA – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bantuan:AFA" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%B0%E1%80%A1%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AE:IPA" title="အကူအညီ:IPA – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အကူအညီ:IPA" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanolo:IPA" title="Fanolo:IPA – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Fanolo:IPA" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:AFI" title="Ajuda:AFI – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ajuda:AFI" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%89%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86:IPA" title="ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ:IPA – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ:IPA" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:IPA" title="ਮਦਦ:IPA – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਦਦ:IPA" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%89%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%BA%DA%96%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%90%DA%85%DB%90" title="ويکيپېډيا:نړيواله غږيزه ابېڅې – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ويکيپېډيا:نړيواله غږيزه ابېڅې" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Alfabeto_fon%C3%A9tico_internacional" title="Wikipédia:Alfabeto fonético internacional – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wikipédia:Alfabeto fonético internacional" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%AF:%D8%A2%D8%A1%D9%90_%D9%BE%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%8A" title="مدد:آءِ پي اي – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مدد:آءِ پي اي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88%E1%81%B8%E1%80%BD%E1%82%86%E1%82%88%E1%80%91%E1%82%85%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA:IPA" title="လွင်ႈၸွႆႈထႅမ်:IPA – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="လွင်ႈၸွႆႈထႅမ်:IPA" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94:IPA" title="උදවු:IPA – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="උදවු:IPA" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Help:IPA" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82:IPA" title="సహాయం:IPA – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సహాయం:IPA" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:IPA" title="Yardım:IPA – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yardım:IPA" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82" title="Вікіпедія:Міжнародний фонетичний алфавіт – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вікіпедія:Міжнародний фонетичний алфавіт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D8%A8%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%DB%81" title="معاونت:با ابجدیہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="معاونت:با ابجدیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juto:IPA" title="Juto:IPA – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Juto:IPA" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:IPA" title="Trợ giúp:IPA – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trợ giúp:IPA" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:國際音標 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Help:國際音標" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pang-ch%C4%81n:IPA" title="Pang-chān:IPA – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pang-chān:IPA" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%94%A8%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E7%A2%BC%E9%A1%AF%E7%A4%BA%E8%90%AC%E5%9C%8B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Wikipedia:用統一碼顯示萬國音標 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Wikipedia:用統一碼顯示萬國音標" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA" title="Wikipedia:IPA – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Wikipedia:IPA" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1229525#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-help" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengucapan" title="Lihat halaman bantuan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman bantuan</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Bantuan:Pengucapan" rel="discussion" 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href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Bantuan:Pengucapan" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Bantuan:Pengucapan" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan&oldid=23981472" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><div style="height:100px;margin: 0px auto;position: relative;overflow: hidden;background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(left, transparent,transparent,lightgray,gray); background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(left, transparent,transparent,lightgray,gray); background-image: -o-linear-gradient(left, transparent,transparent,lightgray,gray); background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(left, transparent,transparent,lightgray,gray); background-image: linear-gradient(left, transparent,transparent,lightgray,gray);;width:100%"><div style="position:absolute; top: 0px; bottom: 0px; left: 0px; right: 0px;z-index:11;"> <div style="position:absolute; right: 0px; top: -60px; left: 0px; right: -70px;z-index:10;opacity:60%"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/250px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/375px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/500px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div style="position:absolute; bottom:11px;right: 0px; left: 0px; right: 1px;z-index:10;opacity:100%;font-family: 'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif;font-size:150%"> Seri Bantuan<br/><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Wikipedia_wordmark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Wikipedia_wordmark.svg/250px-Wikipedia_wordmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Wikipedia_wordmark.svg/375px-Wikipedia_wordmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Wikipedia_wordmark.svg/500px-Wikipedia_wordmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="85"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> </div> </div> <center><b>Selamat datang!</b> Halaman ini memberikan <b>bantuan</b> mengenai hal yang sering ditanyakan di Wikipedia. Untuk memulai, silakan mengeklik pranala yang Anda butuhkan di bawah ini, atau gunakan fitur pencari yang tersedia.</center> <div class="inputbox-hidecheckboxes"> <div class="mw-inputbox-centered" style="background-color: #ffffff; color: inherit;"><form name="searchbox" class="searchbox mw-inputbox-form-inline" action="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian"><div class="cdx-text-input"><input class="mw-searchInput searchboxInput cdx-text-input__input" name="search" placeholder="Masukkan informasi yang ingin Anda cari." size="40" dir="ltr"/></div> <span class="cdx-checkbox cdx-checkbox--inline"><input type="checkbox" name="ns12" value="1" id="mw-inputbox-ns12-0.298965683244" class="cdx-checkbox__input" checked=""/><span class="cdx-checkbox__icon"></span><label class="cdx-checkbox__label" for="mw-inputbox-ns12-0.298965683244">Bantuan</label></span> <span class="cdx-checkbox cdx-checkbox--inline"><input type="checkbox" name="ns4" value="1" id="mw-inputbox-ns4-0.298965683244" class="cdx-checkbox__input" checked=""/><span class="cdx-checkbox__icon"></span><label class="cdx-checkbox__label" for="mw-inputbox-ns4-0.298965683244">Wikipedia</label></span> <input type="submit" name="fulltext" value="Cari" class="cdx-button"/><input type="hidden" value="Search" name="fulltext"/></form></div> </div> <hr/> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Lihat pula: <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional#Simbol" title="Alfabet Fonetik Internasional">Alfabet Fonetik Internasional § Simbol</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Grafik_konsonan_pulmonik_dengan_suara" title="Grafik konsonan pulmonik dengan suara">Grafik konsonan pulmonik dengan suara</a></div> <table> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top" width="90%"><div style="box-shadow: 0 0 0.2em #999999; border-radius: 0.2em; background:#f8f9fa}}; ;"> <div style="background:#eaecf0; border-radius: 0.2em 0.2em 0 0; padding: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 1em;" class="title"><b>Pengucapan</b></div> <div style="padding: 0.5em 1em 0.5em 1em; border-radius: 0 0 0.2em 0.2em;"><div style="clear:both;"></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right noprint selfref"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Kurung_siku.svg/32px-Kurung_siku.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Kurung_siku.svg/47px-Kurung_siku.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Kurung_siku.svg/63px-Kurung_siku.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="515" data-file-height="651"/></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Halaman ini mengandung <b><a href="/wiki/Transkripsi_fonetik" title="Transkripsi fonetik">transkripsi fonetik</a></b> dalam <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional" title="Alfabet Fonetik Internasional">Alfabet Fonetik Internasional</a> <b>(IPA)</b>. Untuk bantuan dalam membaca simbol IPA, lihat <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:IPA">Bantuan:IPA</a>. Untuk penjelasan perbedaan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ /</span> dan <span class="Unicode">⟨</span> <span class="Unicode">⟩</span>, Lihat <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional#Tanda_kurung_dan_delimitasi_transkripsi" title="Alfabet Fonetik Internasional">IPA § Tanda kurung dan delimitasi transkripsi</a>.</div></div> </div> <p>Halaman ini merinci bantuan pengucapan yang dituliskan dalam notasi <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetis_Internasional" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet Fonetis Internasional">Alfabet Fonetis Internasional</a> (<i>International Phonetic Alphabet</i>, IPA). </p><p>Bunyi <a href="/wiki/Vokal" title="Vokal">vokal</a> diurutkan berdasarkan posisi lidah, sedangkan <a href="/wiki/Konsonan" title="Konsonan">konsonan</a> diurutkan berdasarkan cara pengucapan. Setiap <a href="/wiki/Fonem" title="Fonem">fonem</a> dilambangkan dengan simbol yang berdasar pada <a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetis_Internasional" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet Fonetis Internasional">IPA</a>. Di samping itu, dipaparkan <a href="/wiki/Huruf_Latin" class="mw-redirect" title="Huruf Latin">huruf Latin</a> yang sepadan dengan fonem yang dimaksud, dan penggunaannya tergantung pada bahasa dan negara. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Pedoman" data-mw-thread-id="h-Pedoman"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Pedoman"></span>Pedoman<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Pedoman"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-1" title="Sunting bagian: Pedoman" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pedoman"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pengucapan_vokal" data-mw-thread-id="h-Pengucapan_vokal-Pedoman"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Pengucapan_vokal-Pedoman"></span>Pengucapan vokal<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Pengucapan_vokal-Pedoman"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-2" title="Sunting bagian: Pengucapan vokal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pengucapan vokal"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Posisi" data-mw-thread-id="h-Posisi-Pengucapan_vokal"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Posisi-Pengucapan_vokal"></span>Posisi<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Posisi-Pengucapan_vokal"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-3" title="Sunting bagian: Posisi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Posisi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lidah dapat berada dalam posisi depan, hampir depan, madya (tengah), hampir belakang, dan belakang. Dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">bahasa Indonesia</a>, vokal yang terjadi karena lidah berada di posisi depan adalah <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[i]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[e]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɛ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[a]</span>. Semuanya merupakan vokal dengan bibir tak bulat. Sedangkan vokal (dalam bahasa Indonesia) yang terjadi karena lidah berada di posisi belakang adalah <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[u]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɔ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[o]</span>. Semuanya merupakan vokal dengan bibir bulat. Sementara vokal madya adalah <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ə]</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ketinggian" data-mw-thread-id="h-Ketinggian-Pengucapan_vokal"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Ketinggian-Pengucapan_vokal"></span>Ketinggian<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Ketinggian-Pengucapan_vokal"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-4" title="Sunting bagian: Ketinggian" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ketinggian"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ketinggian lidah menentukan perbedaan bunyi vokal. Semakin tinggi lidah, maka semakin menyempit pula udara yang dikeluarkan untuk menciptakan bunyi vokal, dan demikian sebaliknya jika lidah merendah. Contohnya, vokal <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[i]</span> dan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[u]</span> terjadi saat lidah mencapai posisi tertinggi yang dicapainya, sedangkan vokal <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[a]</span> dan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɑ]</span> terjadi saat lidah mencapai posisi terendah. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kebulatan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Kebulatan-Pengucapan_vokal"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Kebulatan-Pengucapan_vokal"></span>Kebulatan<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Kebulatan-Pengucapan_vokal"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-5" title="Sunting bagian: Kebulatan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kebulatan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kebulatan vokal ditentukan oleh bentuk bibir. Perbedaan bentuk bibir dapat menimbulkan vokal yang berbeda meskipun lidah berada di posisi yang sama. Misalnya vokal <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[i]</span> adalah bunyi yang ditimbulkan dengan posisi lidah di depan dan tinggi tapi bibir tak bulat, sementara vokal <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[y]</span> ditimbulkan dengan posisi lidah di depan dan tinggi tapi bibir membulat. Jadi perbedaan hanya terletak pada kebulatan bibir saja meskipun posisi lidah sama. Contoh lain adalah bunyi <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɔ]</span> (bulat) dan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʌ]</span> (tak bulat), keduanya terjadi dalam posisi lidah yang sama tapi kebulatan bibir berbeda. Bunyi <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɔ]</span> terdapat pada kata "b<u>o</u>r" (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">Indonesia</a>) dan "<u>o</u>n" (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">Inggris</a>), sedangkan bunyi <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʌ]</span> terdapat pada kata "<u>u</u>p" (Inggris) dan "S<u>eo</u>ul" (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Korea" title="Bahasa Korea">Korea</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pengucapan_konsonan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Pengucapan_konsonan-Pedoman"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Pengucapan_konsonan-Pedoman"></span>Pengucapan konsonan<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Pengucapan_konsonan-Pedoman"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-6" title="Sunting bagian: Pengucapan konsonan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pengucapan konsonan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Daerah_artikulasi" data-mw-thread-id="h-Daerah_artikulasi-Pengucapan_konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Daerah_artikulasi-Pengucapan_konsonan"></span>Daerah artikulasi<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Daerah_artikulasi-Pengucapan_konsonan"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-7" title="Sunting bagian: Daerah artikulasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Daerah artikulasi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Places_of_articulation.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Places_of_articulation.svg/240px-Places_of_articulation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Places_of_articulation.svg/360px-Places_of_articulation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Places_of_articulation.svg/480px-Places_of_articulation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1000"/></a><figcaption>Daerah artikulasi (pasif & aktif):<br/>1. Bibir luar, 2. Bibir dalam, 3. Gigi, 4. Rongga-gigi, 5. Pascarongga-gigi, 6. Pralangit-langit, 7. Langit-langit, 8. Langit-langit belakang, 9. Tekak, 10. Hulu kerongkongan, 11. Celah suara, 12. Katup napas, 13. Akar lidah, 14. Lidah belakang, 15. Punggung lidah, 16. Lidah depan, 17. Ujung lidah, 18. Bawah ujung lidah.</figcaption></figure> <p>Daerah artikulasi adalah titik pertemuan antara artikulator aktif (bergerak, misalnya lidah) dan pasif (diam, biasanya langit-langit mulut) di mana saluran udara dihalangi untuk menghasilkan konsonan. Daerah artikulasi dalam mulut manusia antara lain: </p> <ul><li><b>Dwibibir</b> (Bilabial): antara bibir atas dan bawah</li> <li><b>Bibir-gigi</b> (Labiodental): antara bibir bawah dan gigi atas</li> <li><b>Lidah-bibir</b> (Linguolabial): antara depan lidah dan bibir atas</li> <li><b>Gigi</b> (Dental): antara depan lidah dan gigi atas</li> <li><b>Rongga-gigi</b> (Alveolar): antara depan lidah dan batas di belakang gusi</li> <li><b>Pascarongga-gigi</b> (Postalveolar): antara depan lidah dan ruang di belakang batas gusi</li> <li><b>Tarik-belakang</b> (Retrofleks): lidah menggelung ke belakang agar bagian bawahnya menyentuh langit-langit</li> <li><b>Langit-langit</b> (Palatal): antara tengah lidah dan langit-langit keras</li> <li><b>Langit-langit belakang</b> (Velar): antara belakang lidah dan langit-langit lembut (velum)</li> <li><b>Tekak</b> (Uvular): antara belakang lidah dan anak tekak (yang tergantung di belakang mulut)</li></ul> <p>(Semua konsonan di atas dapat disengaukan, kebanyakan juga dapat disisikan [konsonan sisi]) </p> <ul><li><b>Hulu kerongkongan</b>: antara akar lidah dan belakang kerongkongan</li> <li><b>Katup nafas</b>: antara lipatan aryepiglotis dan epiglotis</li> <li><b>Celah suara</b>: di glotis</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cara_pengucapan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Cara_pengucapan-Pengucapan_konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Cara_pengucapan-Pengucapan_konsonan"></span>Cara pengucapan<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Cara_pengucapan-Pengucapan_konsonan"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-8" title="Sunting bagian: Cara pengucapan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Cara pengucapan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bunyi konsonan terjadi karena penghambatan udara pada daerah <a href="/wiki/Artikulasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Artikulasi">artikulasi</a>. Secara spesisifik, konsonan dapat diucapkan dengan cara sebagai berikut: </p> <ul><li><b>Decak</b> (<b>klik</b>): terjadi karena decakan. Secara teknis terjadi karena dua penutupan di daerah artikulasi (di depan dan belakang). Aliran udara yang terhambat dilepaskan dengan menarik lidah. Konsonan ini biasanya terdapat di daerah Afrika. Beberapa contohnya adalah konsonan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ǃ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʘ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ǂ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ǁ]</span>.</li> <li><b>Desis</b> (<b>frikatif</b>): terjadi karena udara dipaksa keluar melalui celah sempit yang disebabkan oleh dua artikulator (misalnya bibir atas dan bibir bawah, lidah dan langit-langit). Contoh konsonan desis adalah <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[f]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[v]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[θ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ð]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɸ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[β]</span>. Beberapa bunyi desis tergolong ke dalam desis alur (sibilan). Desis alur terjadi karena udara dipaksa keluar melalui celah sempit dan lidah menggulung untuk mengarahkan udara di tepi gigi. Contohnya konsonan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[s]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[z]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʃ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʒ]</span>.</li> <li><b>Gesek</b> (<b>afrikat</b>): terjadi bila pengucapan konsonan letup (misalnya <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[d]</span>) secara bersamaan diikuti oleh konsonan desis (misalnya <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʃ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʒ]</span>) sehingga menghasilkan konsonan berbeda (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡ʃ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[d͡ʒ]</span>). Contohnya konsonan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡s]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[d͡z]</span> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a>), <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t͡ʃ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[d͡ʒ]</span> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a>)</li> <li><b>Getar</b>: terjadi karena penggetaran daerah <a href="/wiki/Artikulasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Artikulasi">artikulasi</a> aktif (lidah dan bibir). Contoh konsonan getar adalah <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʙ]</span> (getar bibir), <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[r]</span> (getar langit-langit), <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʀ]</span> (getar tekak).</li> <li><b>Hampiran</b>: terjadi karena artikulator (misalnya lidah dan langit-langit) saling mendekati namun tidak cukup sempit, atau dengan tekanan artikulatoris yang cukup. Jadi hampiran jatuh antara desis dan vokal. Contohnya adalah konsonan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɹ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʋ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɰ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[j]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[w]</span>. Jika saat pengucapan konsonan hampiran lidah menyentuh langit-langit, maka terjadilah hampiran-sisi, contohnya adalah konsonan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[l]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʎ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʟ]</span>.</li> <li><b>Kepak</b>: terjadi karena kontraksi tunggal otot-otot sehingga suatu <a href="/wiki/Artikulasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Artikulasi">artikulator</a> (misalnya lidah) mampu dikepakkan ke sisi yang lain. Contohnya adalah konsonan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɾ]</span> dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bahasa Jepang">bahasa Jepang</a>.</li> <li><b>Letup</b> (<b>eksplosif</b>): terjadi karena penghentian aliran udara di daerah artikulasi tertentu, sehingga udara terhambat dan menciptakan suatu bunyi. Misalnya konsonan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[t]</span> dan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[d]</span> di daerah rongga-gigi, dan konsonan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[b]</span> dan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[p]</span> di daerah bibir.</li> <li><b>Letup-balik</b> (<b>implosif</b>): terjadi antara mekanisme tarikan <a href="/wiki/Glotis" title="Glotis">glotis</a> dan tekanan paru-paru terhadap aliran udara. Artinya, aliran udara dikendalikan dengan menggerakkan glotis ke bawah selain udara yang keluar dari paru-paru. Semua konsonan letup-balik adalah konsonan bersuara. Contohnya adalah konsonan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɓ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɗ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʄ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɠ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ʛ]</span>.</li> <li><b>Sembur</b> (<b>ejektif</b>): terjadi bila konsonan tak bersuara diucapkan bersamaan dengan tertutupnya <a href="/wiki/Glotis" title="Glotis">celah suara</a>. Contohnya adalah konsonan <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[pʼ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tʼ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[kʼ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[qʼ]</span>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Konsonan_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsonan nasal">Sengau</a></b> (<b>nasal</b>): terjadi bila jalur udara dihambat di daerah artikulasi, namun udara berhasil keluar melalui hidung. Dalam istilah sederhana, konsonan sengau terjadi karena udara keluar melalui hidung. Jadi, konsonan sengau tidak bisa berbunyi sempurna jika hidung ditutup. Lawan dari konsonan sengau adalah konsonan oral, di mana udara dikeluarkan melalui mulut. Contoh konsonan sengau adalah <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[m]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[n]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɳ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɲ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ŋ]</span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Penyuaraan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Penyuaraan-Pengucapan_konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Penyuaraan-Pengucapan_konsonan"></span>Penyuaraan<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Penyuaraan-Pengucapan_konsonan"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-9" title="Sunting bagian: Penyuaraan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penyuaraan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dalam membedakan konsonan, "bersuara" merujuk pada kondisi di mana pita suara bergetar. "Tak bersuara" atau "nirsuara" berarti bahwa bunyi aliran udara yang melewati daerah artikulasi tanpa bergetarnya pita suara. Dalam bahasa, kondisi bersuara dan tak bersuara pada suatu konsonan dapat membedakan arti. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Konsonan </th> <th colspan="2">Contoh </th> <th rowspan="2">Bahasa </th></tr> <tr> <th>Nirsuara </th> <th>Bersuara </th></tr> <tr> <td>Letup dwibibir </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[p]</span> (<i><b>p</b>ak</i>) </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[b]</span> (<i><b>b</b>ak</i>) </td> <td>Indonesia </td></tr> <tr> <td>Desis bibir-gigi </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[f]</span> (<i><b>f</b>an</i>) </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[v]</span> (<i><b>v</b>an</i>) </td> <td>Inggris </td></tr> <tr> <td>Desis gigi </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[θ]</span> (<i><b>th</b>igh</i>) </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ð]</span> (<i><b>th</b>y</i>) </td> <td>Inggris </td></tr> <tr> <td>Letup langit-langit belakang </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[k]</span> (<i><b>k</b>alah</i>) </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[g]</span> (<i><b>g</b>alah</i>) </td> <td>Indonesia </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tabel" data-mw-thread-id="h-Tabel-Pedoman"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Tabel-Pedoman"></span>Tabel<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Tabel-Pedoman"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-10" title="Sunting bagian: Tabel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tabel"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Simbol Alfabet Fonetis Internasional (IPA) pada halaman ini tidak disusun secara alfabet, tapi disusun berkelompok sesuai ciri-cirinya, seperti yang dipaparkan dalam tabel di bawah ini. </p> <center> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Contoh daerah artikulasi vokal </th></tr> <tr> <th>Depan tak bundar </th> <th>Belakang bundar </th></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.png/200px-Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.png/300px-Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.png/400px-Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-front.png 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="404"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-back.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-back.png/200px-Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-back.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-back.png/300px-Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-back.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-back.png/400px-Cardinal_vowel_tongue_position-back.png 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="403"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Contoh daerah artikulasi konsonan </th></tr> <tr> <th>Dwibibir </th> <th>Bibir-gigi </th> <th>Gigi </th> <th>Rongga-gigi </th></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="white"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Bilabial.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Bilabial.png/200px-Bilabial.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Bilabial.png 1.5x" data-file-width="272" data-file-height="290"/></a></span> </td> <td bgcolor="white"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Labiodentaal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Labiodentaal.svg/200px-Labiodentaal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Labiodentaal.svg/300px-Labiodentaal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Labiodentaal.svg/400px-Labiodentaal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="283"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td bgcolor="white"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Dental.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Dental.png/200px-Dental.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Dental.png 1.5x" data-file-width="276" data-file-height="296"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td bgcolor="white"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Alveolar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Alveolar.svg/200px-Alveolar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Alveolar.svg/300px-Alveolar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Alveolar.svg/400px-Alveolar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="288" data-file-height="298"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" bgcolor="white" style="border-left:1px solid white; border-right:1px solid white"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Tarik belakang </th> <th>Langit-langit </th> <th>Langit-langit belakang </th> <th>Celah suara </th></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="white"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Retroflex.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Retroflex.png/200px-Retroflex.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Retroflex.png 1.5x" data-file-width="272" data-file-height="290"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td bgcolor="white"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Palataal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Palataal.svg/200px-Palataal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Palataal.svg/300px-Palataal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Palataal.svg/400px-Palataal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="283"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td bgcolor="white"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Velaar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Velaar.svg/200px-Velaar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Velaar.svg/300px-Velaar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Velaar.svg/400px-Velaar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="283"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td bgcolor="white"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Laryngaal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Laryngaal.svg/200px-Laryngaal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Laryngaal.svg/300px-Laryngaal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Laryngaal.svg/400px-Laryngaal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="283"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> </center> <p>Untuk pengguna yang tidak terbiasa dengan Alfabet Fonetis Internasional (IPA), bila hendak mencari keterangan tentang simbol IPA tertentu pada halaman ini, dapat menyimak daftar simbol IPA yang disusun berdasarkan kedekatan bentuknya dengan huruf Latin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Vokal" data-mw-thread-id="h-Vokal"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Vokal"></span>Vokal<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Vokal"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-11" title="Sunting bagian: Vokal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Vokal"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tabel ini menampilkan berbagai vokal dari berbagai bahasa di dunia. Vokal diurutkan berdasarkan posisi lekukan lidah (apakah di depan, tengah, belakang), ketinggian lidah (apakah mulut terbuka lebar atau tidak), dan bentuk bibir (apakah bulat atau tidak) saat mengucapkannya. Vokal panjang disejajarkan dengan baris vokal pendek yang sepadan, dan contoh vokal panjang dan pendek dapat dibedakan dari penulisannya. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16253256">.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-captioned{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background:#f8f9fa;padding:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-caption{padding:0.2em;text-align:center;background:#f2f2ce}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-table{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th{font-size:85%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th:not(.IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow)[scope="col"]{text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;max-width:4em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th:not(.IPA-pulmonic-placearrow)[scope="row"]{text-align:left;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable:not(.IPA-common-audiotable) td:not([colspan]){text-align:center;max-width:1.2em;min-width:1.2em;padding:0.1em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-audiotable td{padding:0}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-noleftborder{border-left:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-norightborder{border-right:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notopborder{border-top:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-nobottomborder{border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-shaded{background-color:#ddd}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes{text-align:left;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div{float:right}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div ul{white-space:nowrap;font-weight:normal;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div ul li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .wraplinks .selflink{white-space:normal}</style> </p> <table role="presentation" class="" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r19116995">.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio{background:#f8f9fa url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg/320px-Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg.png")bottom 10%right 10%no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-audio{background:#f8f9fa url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg/600px-Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg.png")bottom 10%right 10%no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main{table-layout:fixed;border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-nocaption{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th{vertical-align:middle;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th[scope="col"]{text-align:center;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th[scope="row"]{text-align:right;padding-left:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio td{width:106.67px;min-width:106.67px;height:32px}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-audio td{width:200px;min-width:200px;height:60px}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-minorcaption{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container{display:flex;justify-content:center;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-dot{text-align:center;width:1em;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-left{max-width:1em;min-width:1em;direction:rtl;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-left>span{padding-left:0.2em;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-right{max-width:1em;min-width:1em;direction:ltr;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-right>span{padding-right:0.2em;background:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-single{padding-left:0.2em;padding-right:0.2em;background:#f8f9fa}</style> <table class="nowrap IPA-vowels-main IPA-vowels-nocaption IPA-vowels-audio" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_depan" title="Vokal depan">Depan</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_madya" title="Vokal madya">Madya</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_belakang" title="Vokal belakang">Belakang</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_tertutup" title="Vokal tertutup"> Tertutup</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(-48px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-48px, 6px); transform: translate(-48px, 6px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal takbulat tertutup depan">i</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Close_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/91/Close_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Close_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Close_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(-48px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-48px, 6px); transform: translate(-48px, 6px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal bulat tertutup depan">y</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/Close_front_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close_front_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Close_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Close_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(-6px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 6px); transform: translate(-6px, 6px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_takbulat_tertutup_madya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal takbulat tertutup madya (halaman belum tersedia)">ɨ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_2" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/Close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(-6px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(-6px, 6px); transform: translate(-6px, 6px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_bulat_tertutup_madya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal bulat tertutup madya (halaman belum tersedia)">ʉ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_3" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/Close_central_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close_central_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Close_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Close_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, 6px); transform: translate(32px, 6px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat tertutup belakang">ɯ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_4" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/Close_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Close_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Close_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Close_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, 6px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, 6px); transform: translate(32px, 6px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal bulat tertutup belakang">u</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_5" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_hampir_tertutup&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal hampir tertutup (halaman belum tersedia)">Hmpr. tutup</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(78px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(78px, 2px); transform: translate(78px, 2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_takbulat_hampir_tertutup_hampir_depan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal takbulat hampir tertutup hampir depan (halaman belum tersedia)">ɪ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_6" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(78px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(78px, 2px); transform: translate(78px, 2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_bulat_hampir_tertutup_hampir_depan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal bulat hampir tertutup hampir depan (halaman belum tersedia)">ʏ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_7" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Near-close_near-front_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Near-close_near-front_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/Near-close_near-front_rounded_vowel.ogg/Near-close_near-front_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Near-close_near-front_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(10px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(10px, 2px); transform: translate(10px, 2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Near-close_central_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Near-close central unrounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">ɪ̈</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_8" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Near-close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fe/Near-close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Near-close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Near-close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Near-close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(10px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(10px, 2px); transform: translate(10px, 2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Near-close_central_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Near-close central rounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">ʊ̈</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"></div> </div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(-46px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(-46px, 2px); transform: translate(-46px, 2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Relative_articulation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Relative articulation (halaman belum tersedia)">ɯ̽</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(-46px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(-46px, 2px); transform: translate(-46px, 2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_hampir_tertutup_hampir_belakang" title="Vokal bulat hampir tertutup hampir belakang">ʊ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_9" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel.ogg/Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_setengah_tertutup" title="Vokal setengah tertutup">1/2 tutup</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, 2px); transform: translate(32px, 2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal takbulat setengah tertutup depan">e</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_10" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, 2px); transform: translate(32px, 2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_tertutup_depan" title="Vokal bulat setengah tertutup depan">ø</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_11" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/Close-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Close-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Close-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, 2px); transform: translate(32px, 2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_tertutup_madya" title="Vokal takbulat setengah tertutup madya">ɘ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_12" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/Close-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Close-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Close-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Close-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, 2px); transform: translate(32px, 2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_tertutup_madya" title="Vokal bulat setengah tertutup madya">ɵ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_13" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/Close-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Close-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Close-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, 2px); transform: translate(32px, 2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat setengah tertutup belakang">ɤ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_14" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, 2px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, 2px); transform: translate(32px, 2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_tertutup_belakang" title="Vokal bulat setengah tertutup belakang">o</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_15" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_tengah" title="Vokal tengah">Tengah</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(72px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(72px, 0px); transform: translate(72px, 0px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_takbulat_tengah_depan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal takbulat tengah depan (halaman belum tersedia)">e̞</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_16" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/Mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(72px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(72px, 0px); transform: translate(72px, 0px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_bulat_tengah_depan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal bulat tengah depan (halaman belum tersedia)">ø̞</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"></div> </div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(62px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(62px, 0px); transform: translate(62px, 0px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_tengah_madya" title="Vokal tengah madya">ə</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_17" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Mid-central_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Mid-central_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/Mid-central_vowel.ogg/Mid-central_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mid-central_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(62px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(62px, 0px); transform: translate(62px, 0px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_Mid_central_rounded_vowel" class="mw-redirect" title="Vokal Mid central rounded vowel">ɵ̞</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_18" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/Mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg/Mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, 0px); transform: translate(32px, 0px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Mid_back_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Mid back unrounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">ɤ̞</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, 0px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, 0px); transform: translate(32px, 0px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_Mid_back_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal Mid back rounded vowel (halaman belum tersedia)">o̞</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_19" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/Mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg/Mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_setengah_terbuka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal setengah terbuka (halaman belum tersedia)">1/2 buka</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(110px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(110px, -2px); transform: translate(110px, -2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal takbulat setengah terbuka depan">ɛ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_20" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/71/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(110px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(110px, -2px); transform: translate(110px, -2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal bulat setengah terbuka depan">œ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_21" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/00/Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg/Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(72px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(72px, -2px); transform: translate(72px, -2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_takbulat_setengah_terbuka_madya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal takbulat setengah terbuka madya (halaman belum tersedia)">ɜ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_22" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Open-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/01/Open-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Open-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Open-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Open-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(72px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(72px, -2px); transform: translate(72px, -2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal bulat setengah terbuka madya">ɞ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_23" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Open-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Open-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/Open-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg/Open-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Open-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, -2px); transform: translate(32px, -2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_terbuka_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat setengah terbuka belakang">ʌ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_24" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="PR-open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel2.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/PR-open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel2.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/PR-open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel2.ogg/PR-open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel2.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:PR-open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel2.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, -2px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, -2px); transform: translate(32px, -2px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_setengah_terbuka_belakang" title="Vokal bulat setengah terbuka belakang">ɔ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_25" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="PR-open-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/PR-open-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/PR-open-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg/PR-open-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:PR-open-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_hampir_terbuka" title="Vokal hampir terbuka">Hmpr. Buka</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(130px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(130px, -4px); transform: translate(130px, -4px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_hampir_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal takbulat hampir terbuka depan">æ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_26" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANear-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg&lang=ru&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский ‪(ru)‬" data-dir="ltr"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="width: 45px;"></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_hampir_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal takbulat hampir terbuka madya">ɐ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_27" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="PR-near-open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/PR-near-open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/PR-near-open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg/PR-near-open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:PR-near-open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(102px, -4px); -webkit-transform: translate(102px, -4px); transform: translate(102px, -4px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_hampir_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal bulat hampir terbuka madya">ɞ̞</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"></div> </div></div> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vokal_terbuka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vokal terbuka (halaman belum tersedia)"> Terbuka</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(194px, -6px); -webkit-transform: translate(194px, -6px); transform: translate(194px, -6px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal takbulat terbuka depan">a</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_28" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="PR-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/PR-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/PR-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/PR-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:PR-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(194px, -6px); -webkit-transform: translate(194px, -6px); transform: translate(194px, -6px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal bulat terbuka depan">ɶ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_29" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Open_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/Open_front_rounded_vowel.ogg/Open_front_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Open_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Open_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(112px, -6px); -webkit-transform: translate(112px, -6px); transform: translate(112px, -6px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal takbulat terbuka madya">ä</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_30" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/50/Open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(112px, -6px); -webkit-transform: translate(112px, -6px); transform: translate(112px, -6px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_terbuka_madya" title="Vokal bulat terbuka madya">ɒ̈</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_31" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Open_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Open_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Open_central_rounded_vowel.ogg/Open_central_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Open_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container"><div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, -6px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, -6px); transform: translate(32px, -6px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_terbuka_belakang" title="Vokal takbulat terbuka belakang">ɑ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_32" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Open_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e5/Open_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Open_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Open_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Open_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div> <div style="position: relative; width: 45px; z-index: 1; -ms-transform: translate(32px, -6px); -webkit-transform: translate(32px, -6px); transform: translate(32px, -6px);"> <div style="width: 45px;"><div style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; font-size: 120%; line-height: 1.5;"><span class="IPA"><a href="/wiki/Vokal_bulat_terbuka_belakang" title="Vokal bulat terbuka belakang">ɒ</a></span></div><div style="height: 20px; overflow: hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_33" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="45" style="width:45px;" data-disablecontrols="timedText" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="PR-open_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/PR-open_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/PR-open_back_rounded_vowel.ogg/PR-open_back_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span></div></div> <div style="position: absolute; right: 0; bottom: 0; z-index: 2;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:PR-open_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" title="Tentang suara ini"><img alt="Tentang suara ini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"/></a></span></div> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:IPA">Bantuan IPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Media" title="Bantuan:Media">Bantuan suara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafik_Alfabet_Fonetik_Internasional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grafik Alfabet Fonetik Internasional (halaman belum tersedia)">grafik lengkap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:IPA_vowels" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:IPA vowels">templat</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Ketinggian lidah </th> <th rowspan="2">Bentuk bibir </th> <th colspan="2">Simbol <a href="/wiki/IPA_(linguistik)" class="mw-redirect" title="IPA (linguistik)">IPA</a> </th> <th rowspan="2">Contoh bunyi </th> <th colspan="2">Huruf Latin </th> <th rowspan="2">Contoh kata dan bahasa </th> <th rowspan="2">Nama </th> <th rowspan="2">Keterangan </th></tr> <tr> <th>Pendek </th> <th>Panjang </th> <th width="10%">Pendek </th> <th>Panjang </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Depan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Depan-Vokal"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Depan-Vokal"></span>Depan<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Depan-Vokal"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-12" title="Sunting bagian: Depan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Depan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Tertutup </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">i</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">iː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_34" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Close_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/91/Close_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Close_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>ea<sup id="cite_ref-inggris_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inggris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, i, y (akhir kata)<sup id="cite_ref-inggris_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inggris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>ee, ī<sup id="cite_ref-iast_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iast-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ie, ieh, ih<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>i</b>kan (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">Indonesia</a>) <br/><i>m<b>ea</b>n</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">Inggris</a>) <br/><i><b>i</b>chi</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bahasa Jepang">Jepang</a>) <br/><i>kec<b>i</b>k</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Melayu" title="Bahasa Melayu">Melayu</a>)<br/><i>s<b>i</b>lya</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Tagalog" title="Bahasa Tagalog">Tagalog</a>) </td> <td>vokal takbulat tertutup depan </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf I. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">y</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">yː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_35" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/Close_front_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close_front_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Close_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>u<sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, y, yu<sup id="cite_ref-pinyin_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pinyin-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>ü<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, y, yy<sup id="cite_ref-finlandia_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-finlandia-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>d<b>y</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Albania" title="Bahasa Albania">Albania</a>) <br/><i>bl<b>ü</b>te</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman">Jerman</a>)<br/><i>ch<b>u</b>te</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Perancis" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Perancis">Perancis</a>) </td> <td>vokal bulat tertutup depan </td> <td>salah satu bunyi dari huruf Ü. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Setengah tertutup </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">e</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">eː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_36" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>e, é, éa<sup id="cite_ref-ir-ortho_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ir-ortho-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ie<sup id="cite_ref-yi_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yi-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>a<sup id="cite_ref-ir-inggris_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ir-inggris-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ä<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ae<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ee<sup id="cite_ref-belanda_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belanda-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>vr<b>ee</b>md</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Belanda" title="Bahasa Belanda">Belanda</a>) <br/>sat<b>e</b> (Indonesia) <br/><i>bak<b>e</b></i> (Jepang)<br/><i>beaut<b>é</b></i> (Perancis) </td> <td>vokal takbulat setengah tertutup depan </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf E. Salah satu bunyi dari huruf Ä. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ø</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">øː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_37" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/Close-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Close-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>eu<sup id="cite_ref-cornish_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cornish-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-belanda_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belanda-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-breton_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-breton-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, eû<sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, o'<sup id="cite_ref-uzbek_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uzbek-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, oe<sup id="cite_ref-korea_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-korea-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, œu<sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ø </td> <td>ö, öö, öh<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>k<b>eu</b>ken</i> (Belanda) <br/><i>k<b>ø</b>be</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Denmark" title="Bahasa Denmark">Denmark</a>)<br/> <i>k<b>öö</b>k</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Estonia" title="Bahasa Estonia">Estonia</a>)<br/><i>b<b>i</b>rd</i> (Inggris dialek Selandia Baru) <br/><i><b>ö</b>l</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Swedia" title="Bahasa Swedia">Swedia</a>) </td> <td>vokal bulat setengah tertutup depan </td> <td>salah satu bunyi dari huruf Ö. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Setengah terbuka </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɛ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɛː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_38" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/71/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>ä<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ae<sup id="cite_ref-korea_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-korea-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, e, è, ei<sup id="cite_ref-belanda_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belanda-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>ä, äh<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, eî<sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>tr<b>e</b></i> (Albania) <br/><b>e</b>mber (Indonesia) <br/> <i>b<b>e</b>d</i> (Inggris)<br/><i>b<b>e</b>ne</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Italia" title="Bahasa Italia">Italia</a>)<br/><i>b<b>ê</b>te</i> (Perancis) </td> <td>vokal takbulat setengah terbuka depan </td> <td>salah satu bunyi dari huruf E dan Ä. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">œ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">œː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_39" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/00/Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg/Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>eu<sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, oe, ö<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ø<sup id="cite_ref-denmark_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-denmark-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, œu<sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>oe<sup id="cite_ref-kanton_pinyin_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kanton_pinyin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>h<b>ø</b>ne</i> (Denmark)<br/><i>k<b>ö</b>nny</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Hungaria" title="Bahasa Hungaria">Hungaria</a>)<br/><i>h<b>ö</b>lle</i> (Jerman)<br/> <i>靴/h<b>oe</b>1</i> (Tionghoa Kanton)<br/> <i>j<b>eu</b>ne</i> (Perancis) </td> <td>vokal bulat setengah terbuka depan </td> <td>salah satu bunyi dari huruf Ö. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hampir terbuka </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">æ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">æː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_40" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANear-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg&lang=ru&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский ‪(ru)‬" data-dir="ltr"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>a, ae, ä<sup id="cite_ref-swedia_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-swedia-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, æ, ə<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>kugg<b>ae</b>di</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Ahtna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Ahtna (halaman belum tersedia)">Ahtna</a>)<br/> <i>s<b>ə</b>s</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Azerbaijan" title="Bahasa Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>)<br/><i>c<b>a</b>t (Inggris)<br/></i>l<b>æ</b>r<i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Norwegia" title="Bahasa Norwegia">Norwegia</a>)<br/></i>p<b>ä</b>ron<i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Swedia" title="Bahasa Swedia">Swedia</a>)</i> </td> <td>vokal takbulat hampir terbuka depan </td> <td>salah satu bunyi dari huruf A dan Ä. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Terbuka </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">a</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">aː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_41" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="PR-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/PR-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/PR-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/PR-open_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>a </td> <td>a, ā<sup id="cite_ref-iast_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iast-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, aa<sup id="cite_ref-belanda_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belanda-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ah<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, eá<sup id="cite_ref-ir-ortho_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ir-ortho-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>b<b>a</b>wa (Indonesia)<br/><i>c<b>a</b>r</i> (Inggris dialek Australia)<br/><i>s<b>a</b>ya</i> (Melayu)<br/><i>v<b>á</b></i> (Portugis)<br/><i>r<b>a</b>ta</i> (Spanyol) </td> <td>vokal takbulat terbuka depan </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf A. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɶ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɶː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_42" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Open_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c1/Open_front_rounded_vowel.ogg/Open_front_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Open_front_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>eu, ø, ö </td> <td> </td> <td><i>b<b>ø</b>rn</i> (Denmark)<br/><i>honn<b>eu</b>r</i> (Perancis dialek Akkadia)<br/><i>h<b>ö</b>rt</i> (Swedia) </td> <td>vokal bulat terbuka depan </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hampir_depan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Hampir_depan-Vokal"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Hampir_depan-Vokal"></span>Hampir depan<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Hampir_depan-Vokal"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-13" title="Sunting bagian: Hampir depan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Hampir depan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Hampir tertutup </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɪ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɪː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_43" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>i, ui<sup id="cite_ref-irlandia_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irlandia-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, y </td> <td> </td> <td><i>b<b>y</b>l<b>i</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Ceko" title="Bahasa Ceko">Ceko</a>)<br/><i>k<b>i</b>t</i> (Inggris)<br/><i>d<b>ui</b>ne</i> (Irlandia)<br/><i>s<b>i</b>ll</i> (Swedia) </td> <td>vokal takbulat hampir tertutup hampir depan </td> <td>salah satu bunyi dari huruf I. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʏ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʏː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_44" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Near-close_near-front_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Near-close_near-front_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/Near-close_near-front_rounded_vowel.ogg/Near-close_near-front_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>u, ú, ü, y<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>h<b>u</b>t</i> (Belanda)<br/><i>kr<b>ú</b>ss</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Faroe" title="Bahasa Faroe">Faroe</a>)<br/><i>sch<b>ü</b>tzen</i> (Jerman) </td> <td>vokal bulat hampir tertutup hampir depan </td> <td>salah satu bunyi dari huruf Ü. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Madya" data-mw-thread-id="h-Madya-Vokal"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Madya-Vokal"></span>Madya<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Madya-Vokal"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-14" title="Sunting bagian: Madya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Madya"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Tertutup </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɨ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɨː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_45" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/Close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Close_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>ao<sup id="cite_ref-irlandia_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irlandia-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, e, eu<sup id="cite_ref-aceh_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aceh-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ü<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, y </td> <td>i<sup id="cite_ref-swedia_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-swedia-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>tup<b>eu</b>e</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Aceh" title="Bahasa Aceh">Aceh</a>)<br/><i><b>y</b>vy</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Guaran%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Guaraní">Guaraní</a>)<br/><i>ros<b>e</b>s</i> (Inggris)<br/><i>s<b>ao</b>l</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Irlandia" title="Bahasa Irlandia">Irlandia</a>)<br/><i>f<b>y</b></i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Kaingang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Kaingang (halaman belum tersedia)">Kaingang</a>)<br/><i>h<b>ü</b>fı</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Senagi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Senagi (halaman belum tersedia)">Senagi</a>)<br/><i>b<b>i</b></i> (Swedia) </td> <td>vokal takbulat tertutup madya </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʉ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʉː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_46" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/Close_central_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close_central_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Close_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td>oo<sup id="cite_ref-aus-inggris_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aus-inggris-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>g<b>oo</b>se</i> (Inggris<sup id="cite_ref-aus-inggris_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aus-inggris-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </td> <td>vokal bulat tertutup madya </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Setengah tertutup </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɘ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɘː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_47" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/Close-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Close-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Close-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>e, u </td> <td> </td> <td><i>n<b>u</b>t</i> (Inggris dialek Amerika Selatan)<br/><i>n<b>e</b></i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Zapotek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Zapotek (halaman belum tersedia)">Zapotek</a>) </td> <td>vokal takbulat setengah tertutup madya </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɵ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɵː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_48" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b5/Close-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Close-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>eo<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, oe<sup id="cite_ref-kanton_pinyin_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kanton_pinyin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>u </td> <td><i>b<b>ir</b>d</i> (Inggris dialek Australia)<br/><i>g<b>oa</b>t</i> (<a href="/wiki/Geordie" title="Geordie">Geordie</a>)<br/><i>d<b>u</b>m</i> (Swedia) </td> <td>vokal bulat setengah tertutup madya </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tengah </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ə</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">əː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_49" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Mid-central_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Mid-central_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/Mid-central_vowel.ogg/Mid-central_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>a<sup id="cite_ref-bali_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bali-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-melayu_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-melayu-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sanskerta_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sanskerta-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ǎ, e </td> <td> </td> <td><i>teb<b>a</b></i> (Bali) <br/>k<b>e</b>ras (Indonesia) <br/><i>ap<b>a</b></i> (Melayu)<br/><i>m<b>ă</b>r</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Rumania" title="Bahasa Rumania">Rumania</a><br/><i>cymru</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Welsh" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Welsh">Welsh</a>) </td> <td>vokal madya/pepet </td> <td>salah satu bunyi dari huruf E. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Setengah terbuka </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɜ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɜː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_50" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Open-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/01/Open-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Open-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Open-mid_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>b<b>u</b>st</i> (Inggris aksen <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>; <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>) </td> <td>vokal takbulat setengah terbuka madya </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɞ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɞː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_51" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Open-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Open-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/Open-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg/Open-mid_central_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>t<b>omha</b>il</i> (Irlandia) </td> <td>vokal bulat setengah terbuka madya </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hampir terbuka </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɐ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɐː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_52" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="PR-near-open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/PR-near-open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/PR-near-open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg/PR-near-open_central_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>a, er </td> <td> </td> <td><i>spis<b>er</b></i> (Denmark)<br/><i>n<b>u</b>t</i> (Inggris aksen <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>)<br/><i>ob<b>er</b></i> (Jerman)<br/><i>sac<b>a</b></i> (Portugis dialek Brazil) </td> <td>vokal hampir terbuka madya </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hampir_belakang" data-mw-thread-id="h-Hampir_belakang-Vokal"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Hampir_belakang-Vokal"></span>Hampir belakang<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Hampir_belakang-Vokal"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-15" title="Sunting bagian: Hampir belakang" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Hampir belakang"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hampir tertutup </td> <td>Bulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʊ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʊː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_53" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel.ogg/Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>e<sup id="cite_ref-portugis_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-portugis-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, u, o, oo, ou<sup id="cite_ref-inggris_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inggris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>hval<b>u</b>r</i> (Faroe)<br/><i>h<b>oo</b>k</i> (Inggris aksen <a href="/wiki/Received_Pronunciation" title="Received Pronunciation">RP</a>)<br/><i>bur<b>u</b>ng</i> (Melayu)<br/><i>f<b>ou</b>le</i> (Perancis dialek Quebec)<br/><i><b>o</b>rt</i> (Swedia) </td> <td>vokal bulat hampir tertutup hampir belakang </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Belakang" data-mw-thread-id="h-Belakang-Vokal"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Belakang-Vokal"></span>Belakang<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Belakang-Vokal"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-16" title="Sunting bagian: Belakang" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Belakang"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Tertutup </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɯ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɯː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_54" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/Close_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Close_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Close_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>e<sup id="cite_ref-portugis_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-portugis-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, eu<sup id="cite_ref-korea_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-korea-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, </td> <td> </td> <td><i>q<b>ı</b>rx</i> (Azerbaijan)<br/><i>g<b>eu</b>m</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Korea" title="Bahasa Korea">Korea</a>)<br/><i>p<b>e</b>gar</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Portugis" title="Bahasa Portugis">Portugis</a>)<br/><i>m<b>eu</b>nang</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Sunda" title="Bahasa Sunda">Sunda</a>) </td> <td>vokal takbulat tertutup belakang </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">u</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">uː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_55" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>oe<sup id="cite_ref-afrikaans_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afrikaans-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-belanda_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belanda-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ou<sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, u, wu (posisi depan<sup id="cite_ref-pinyin_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pinyin-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </td> <td>oe<sup id="cite_ref-belanda_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belanda-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, u<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ū<sup id="cite_ref-iast_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iast-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>v<b>oe</b>t</i> (Belanda)<br/><i>k<b>u</b>kkab</i> (Finlandia)<br/>b<b>u</b>ku (Indonesia)<br/><i>f<b>u</b>ß</i> (Jerman)<br/><i>t<b>u</b></i> (Vietnam) </td> <td>vokal bulat tertutup belakang </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf U. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Setengah tertutup </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɤ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɤː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_56" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>ó, ö, ơ<sup id="cite_ref-vietnam_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vietnam-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, eu<sup id="cite_ref-aceh_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aceh-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sunda_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sunda-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>gam<b>ó</b></i> (Alekano)<br/><i><b>ö</b>nge</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Onge" title="Bahasa Onge">Onge</a>)<br/><i>b<b>eu</b>reum</i> (Sunda)<br/><i>t<b>ơ</b></i> (Vietnam) </td> <td>vokal takbulat setengah tertutup belakang </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">o</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">oː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_57" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>ao<sup id="cite_ref-madagaskar_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-madagaskar-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, au<sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, o, o'<sup id="cite_ref-uzbek_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uzbek-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ó, uo<sup id="cite_ref-pinyin_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pinyin-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>o<sup id="cite_ref-italia_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-italia-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, oh, oo<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-belanda_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belanda-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>k<b>oo</b>l</i> (Belanda)<br/><i>s<b>ó</b>c</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Catala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Catala (halaman belum tersedia)">Catala</a>)<br/>baks<b>o</b> (Indonesia)<br/><i>f<b>o</b>ro</i> (Italia)<br/><i>k<b>oh</b>l</i> (Jerman) </td> <td>vokal bulat setengah tertutup belakang </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf O. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Setengah terbuka </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʌ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʌː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_58" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="PR-open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel2.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/PR-open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel2.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/PR-open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel2.ogg/PR-open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel2.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>â, eo<sup id="cite_ref-korea_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-korea-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, oo<sup id="cite_ref-as-inggris_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-as-inggris-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-british_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-british-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, u<sup id="cite_ref-as-inggris_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-as-inggris-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-british_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-british-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>p<b>eo</b>l (Korea) <br/>fl<b>oo</b>d (Inggris)<br/><i><b>â</b>n</i> (Vietnam) </td> <td>vokal takbulat setengah terbuka belakang </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɔ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɔː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_59" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="PR-open-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/PR-open-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/PR-open-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg/PR-open-mid_back_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>a<sup id="cite_ref-as-inggris_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-as-inggris-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, au<sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, o, ó </td> <td> </td> <td><i>p<b>o</b></i> (Albania)<br/><i>b<b>o</b>t</i> (Belanda)<br/>k<b>o</b>dok (Indonesia)<br/><i>v<b>o</b>ll</i> (Jerman)<br/><i>s<b>ó</b></i> (Portugis) </td> <td>vokal bulat setengah terbuka belakang </td> <td>salah satu bunyi dari huruf O. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">Terbuka </td> <td>Takbulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɑ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɑː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_60" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Open_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e5/Open_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Open_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Open_back_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>a </td> <td>a </td> <td><i>b<b>a</b>d</i> (Belanda)<br/><i>k<b>a</b>na</i> (Finlandia)<br/><i>f<b>a</b>ther</i> (Inggris)<br/><i>h<b>a</b>t</i> (Norwegia) </td> <td>vokal takbulat terbuka belakang </td> <td>salah satu bunyi dari huruf A. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bulat </td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɒ</span> </big></td> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɒː</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_61" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="PR-open_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/PR-open_back_rounded_vowel.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/PR-open_back_rounded_vowel.ogg/PR-open_back_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>å<sup id="cite_ref-norwegia_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-norwegia-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>aa<sup id="cite_ref-afrikaans_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afrikaans-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>d<b>aa</b>r</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Afrikaans" title="Bahasa Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a>)<br/><i>k<b>å</b>l</i> (Norwegia) </td> <td>vokal takbulat terbuka belakang </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Konsonan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Konsonan"></span>Konsonan<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Konsonan"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-17" title="Sunting bagian: Konsonan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-17" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Konsonan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tabel ini menampilkan berbagai konsonan dari berbagai bahasa di dunia. Konsonan diurutkan berdasarkan daerah pengucapannya (apakah di bibir, gigi, langit-langit mulut, dsb), dan bunyinya (apakah letupan, sengau, desis, hampiran, decak, dsb). Contoh bunyi hanya menampilkan fonem murni saja. Jadi, tidak menampilkan bunyi aspirasi, bunyi disengaukan, bunyi kendor, bunyi ke sisi lidah, dsb. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Cara pengucapan </th> <th>Simbol <a href="/wiki/IPA_(linguistik)" class="mw-redirect" title="IPA (linguistik)">IPA</a> </th> <th>Contoh bunyi </th> <th width="10%">Huruf Latin </th> <th>Contoh kata dan bahasa </th> <th>Nama </th> <th>Keterangan </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dwibibir" data-mw-thread-id="h-Dwibibir-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Dwibibir-Konsonan"></span>Dwibibir<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Dwibibir-Konsonan"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-18" title="Sunting bagian: Dwibibir" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-18" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dwibibir"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Letup </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">p</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_62" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_bilabial_plosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive.ogg/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>p, bp<sup id="cite_ref-sandawe_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sandawe-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>p</b>apa (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">Indonesia</a>) <br/><i><b>p</b>licht</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Belanda" title="Bahasa Belanda">Belanda</a>)<br/> <i><b>p</b>ie</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">Inggris</a>)<br/><i><b>p</b>a<b>pp</b>a</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Norwegia" title="Bahasa Norwegia">Norwegia</a>)<br/><i><b>p</b>omme</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Perancis" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Perancis">Perancis</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan letup dwibibir nirsuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf P. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">b</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_63" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_bilabial_plosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Voiced_bilabial_plosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/Voiced_bilabial_plosive.ogg/Voiced_bilabial_plosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>b, bb<sup id="cite_ref-yi_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yi-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>b</b>umi (Indonesia) <br/><i><b>b</b>oer</i> (Belanda)<br/><i><b>b</b>a<b>b</b>a</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Hungaria" title="Bahasa Hungaria">Hungaria</a>)<br/> <i><b>b</b>ad</i> (Inggris)<br/><i><b>b</b>as</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Polandia" title="Bahasa Polandia">Polandia</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan letup dwibibir bersuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf B. </td></tr> <tr> <th>Letup-balik </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɓ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_64" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_bilabial_implosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Voiced_bilabial_implosive.ogg/Voiced_bilabial_implosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Voiced_bilabial_implosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>'b<sup id="cite_ref-bari_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bari-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, bh<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ɓ, ḅ </td> <td><i><b>ḅ</b>as</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Goemai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Goemai (halaman belum tersedia)">Goemai</a>)<br/> <i><b>ɓ</b>a<b>ɓ</b>ewa</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Hausa" title="Bahasa Hausa">Hausa</a>)<br/><i>u<b>b</b>a<b>b</b>a</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Zulu" title="Bahasa Zulu">Zulu</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan letup-balik dwibibir bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Sengau </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">m</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_65" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Bilabial_nasal.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Bilabial_nasal.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/Bilabial_nasal.ogg/Bilabial_nasal.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>m </td> <td><b>m</b>ana (Indonesia) <br/><i><b>m</b>anok</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Filipino" title="Bahasa Filipino">Filipino</a>)<br/><i><b>m</b>ine</i> (Inggris)<br/> <i><b>m</b>ond</i> (Jerman)<br/><i><b>m</b>ato</i> (Portugis) </td> <td>Konsonan sengau dwibibir </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf M. </td></tr> <tr> <th>Getar </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʙ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_66" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Bilabial_trill.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Bilabial_trill.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e7/Bilabial_trill.ogg/Bilabial_trill.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>b </td> <td><i>kaoáí<b>b</b>ogi</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Pirah%C3%A3" title="Bahasa Pirahã">Pirahã</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan getar dwibibir </td> <td>langka. </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Desis </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɸ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_67" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_bilabial_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Voiceless_bilabial_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/Voiceless_bilabial_fricative.ogg/Voiceless_bilabial_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>f, ph, wh </td> <td><i>é<b>ƒ</b>á</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Ewe" title="Bahasa Ewe">Ewe</a>)<br/><i><b>f</b>uji</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bahasa Jepang">Jepang</a>)<br/><i><b>wh</b>akapapa</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Maori" title="Bahasa Maori">Maori</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan desis dwibibir nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">β</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_68" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_bilabial_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Voiced_bilabial_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/Voiced_bilabial_fricative.ogg/Voiced_bilabial_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>b, v, w </td> <td><i>ro<b>b</b>es</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Katalan" title="Bahasa Katalan">Katalan</a>)<br/><i>la<b>v</b>a</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Spanyol" title="Bahasa Spanyol">Spanyol</a>)<br/><i><b>w</b>atan</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Turkmen" title="Bahasa Turkmen">Turkmen</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan desis dwibibir bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hampiran </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">β̞</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_69" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_bilabial_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Voiced_bilabial_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/Voiced_bilabial_fricative.ogg/Voiced_bilabial_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>b </td> <td><i>lo<b>b</b>o</i> (Spanyol) </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran dwibibir </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Decak </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʘ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_70" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Clic_bilabial_sourd.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Clic_bilabial_sourd.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/Clic_bilabial_sourd.ogg/Clic_bilabial_sourd.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʘ</span> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><i><b>ʘ</b>oe</i></span> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_N%C7%80u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Nǀu (halaman belum tersedia)">Nǀu</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan decak dwibibir </td> <td>hanya terdapat di wilayah tertentu di Afrika. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibir-gigi" data-mw-thread-id="h-Bibir-gigi-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Bibir-gigi-Konsonan"></span>Bibir-gigi<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Bibir-gigi-Konsonan"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-19" title="Sunting bagian: Bibir-gigi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-19" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bibir-gigi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Letup </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">p̪</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td>p </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan letup bibir-gigi nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">b̪</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td>b </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan letup bibir-gigi bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Sengau </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɱ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_71" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Labiodental_nasal.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Labiodental_nasal.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/Labiodental_nasal.ogg/Labiodental_nasal.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>m </td> <td><i>sy<b>m</b>phony</i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan sengau bibir-gigi </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Desis </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">f</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_72" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_labiodental_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Voiceless_labiodental_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/Voiceless_labiodental_fricative.ogg/Voiceless_labiodental_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>f, ph, v, vv<sup id="cite_ref-yup'ik_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yup'ik-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i><b>f</b>ool</i> (Inggris)<br/><b>f</b>akta (Indonesia)<br/><b>v</b>okal (Indonesia) </td> <td>Konsonan desis bibir-gigi nirsuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf F. Juga digunakan sebagai alofon dari bunyi V dalam bahasa Indonesia. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">v</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_73" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Voiced_labiodental_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Voiced_labiodental_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/Voiced_labiodental_fricative.ogg/Voiced_labiodental_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>v, vh<sup id="cite_ref-Shona_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shona-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, w<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i><b>v</b>oice</i> (Inggris)<br/><b>v</b>okal (Indonesia) </td> <td>Konsonan desis bibir-gigi bersuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf V. sering disalahucapkan sebagai F dalam bahasa Indonesia. </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hampiran </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʋ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_74" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Labiodental_approximant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Labiodental_approximant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/Labiodental_approximant.ogg/Labiodental_approximant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>v<sup id="cite_ref-iast_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iast-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i><b>v</b>ana (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Sanskerta" title="Bahasa Sanskerta">Sanskerta</a>)</i> </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran bibir-gigi </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="white" colspan="7"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gigi" data-mw-thread-id="h-Gigi-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Gigi-Konsonan"></span><center>Gigi</center><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Gigi-Konsonan"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-20" title="Sunting bagian: Gigi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-20" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Gigi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Letup </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">t̪</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td>t, tt </td> <td><i>tu<b>tt</b>i</i> (Finlandia)<br/><i><b>th</b>in</i> (Inggris dialek India)<br/><b>t</b>abir (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">Indonesia</a>)<br/><i><b>t</b>ale</i> (Italia)<br/><i>a<b>t</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Turki" title="Bahasa Turki">Turki</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan letup gigi nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">d̪</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td>d </td> <td>দাম; <i><b>d</b>ām</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Bengali" title="Bahasa Bengali">Bengali</a>)<br/>दाल; <i><b>d</b>āl</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Hindi" title="Bahasa Hindi">Hindi</a>)<br/><i><b>d</b>om</i> (Polandia)<br/><i><b>d</b>ar</i> (Portugis) </td> <td>Konsonan letup gigi bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Letup-balik </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɗ̪</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan letup-balik gigi bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Sengau </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">n̪</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td>n </td> <td>Pl-noga.ogg|dengarkan}} (Polandia)<br/><i><b>n</b>ariz</i> (Portugis)<br/><i>a<b>n</b>tes</i> (Spanyol)<br/><i><b>n</b>od</i>{{audio|sv-nod.ogg|dengarkan}} (Swedia) </td> <td>Konsonan sengau gigi </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Desis </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">θ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_75" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_dental_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Voiceless_dental_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/Voiceless_dental_fricative.ogg/Voiceless_dental_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>c<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, th<sup id="cite_ref-inggris_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inggris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i><b>th</b>ink</i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan desis gigi nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ð</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_76" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_dental_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Voiced_dental_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Voiced_dental_fricative.ogg/Voiced_dental_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>dd<sup id="cite_ref-welsh_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-welsh-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dh<sup id="cite_ref-arab_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arab-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-albania_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-albania-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-swahili_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-swahili-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cornish_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cornish-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, th </td> <td><i><b>th</b>is</i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan desis gigi bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hampiran </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ð̞</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran gigi </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Decak </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǀ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_77" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Dental_click.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Dental_click.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Dental_click.ogg/Dental_click.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan decak gigi </td> <td>hanya terdapat di wilayah tertentu di Afrika. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rongga-gigi" data-mw-thread-id="h-Rongga-gigi-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Rongga-gigi-Konsonan"></span>Rongga-gigi<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Rongga-gigi-Konsonan"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-21" title="Sunting bagian: Rongga-gigi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-21" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Rongga-gigi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Letup </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">t</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_78" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_alveolar_plosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Voiceless_alveolar_plosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/Voiceless_alveolar_plosive.ogg/Voiceless_alveolar_plosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>t, dt<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i><b>t</b>wo</i> (Inggris)<br/><i><b>t</b>abir</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">Indonesia</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan letup rongga-gigi nirsuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf T. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">d</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_79" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiced_alveolar_plosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Voiced_alveolar_plosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/01/Voiced_alveolar_plosive.ogg/Voiced_alveolar_plosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>d </td> <td><i>ba<b>d</b></i> (Inggris)<br/><i><b>d</b>a<b>d</b>a</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">Indonesia</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan letup rongga-gigi bersuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf D. </td></tr> <tr> <th>Letup-balik </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɗ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_80" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_alveolar_implosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/Voiced_alveolar_implosive.ogg/Voiced_alveolar_implosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Voiced_alveolar_implosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>'d<sup id="cite_ref-bari_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bari-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i><b>D</b>o<b>d</b>oma</i> (Swahili) </td> <td>Konsonan letup-balik rongga-gigi bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Sengau </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">n</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_81" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Alveolar_nasal.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Alveolar_nasal.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/29/Alveolar_nasal.ogg/Alveolar_nasal.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>n </td> <td>ma<b>n</b>a (Indonesia) <br/><i><b>n</b>ine</i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan sengau rongga-gigi </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf N. </td></tr> <tr> <th>Getar </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">r</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_82" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Alveolar_trill.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Alveolar_trill.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/Alveolar_trill.ogg/Alveolar_trill.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>r, rr<sup id="cite_ref-albania_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-albania-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-catala_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-catala-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-italia_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-italia-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-spanyol_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spanyol-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, wr<sup id="cite_ref-inggris_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inggris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>r</b>amai (Indonesia)<br/>pue<b>rr</b>o (Spanyol) </td> <td>Konsonan getar rongga-gigi </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf R. </td></tr> <tr> <th>Kepakan </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɾ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_83" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Alveolar_tap.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Alveolar_tap.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/Alveolar_tap.ogg/Alveolar_tap.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>r<sup id="cite_ref-albania_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-albania-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-catala_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-catala-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-italia_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-italia-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-spanyol_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spanyol-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, rh<sup id="cite_ref-inggris_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inggris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>pe<b>r</b>o</i> (Spanyol) <br/><i>dali<b>r</b>i</i> (Tagalog) <br/><i>kaba<b>r</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Melayu_Malaysia" title="Bahasa Melayu Malaysia">Melayu Malaysia</a>) <br/><i>ki<b>tt</b>y</i>/<i>ki<b>dd</b>ie</i> (Inggris Amerika) </td> <td>Konsonan kepakan rongga-gigi </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Kepakan-sisi </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɺ</span> </big></td> <td>[[berkas:|50px]] </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan kepakan-sisi rongga-gigi </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Desis </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">s</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_84" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant.ogg/Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>c, s, sç,<sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ss,<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ß<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>s</b>aya (Indonesia) <br/><i><b>s</b>ee</i> (Inggris) <br/><i><b>s</b>ato</i> (Jepang) </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran rongga-gigi nirsuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf S. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">z</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_85" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_alveolar_sibilant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Voiced_alveolar_sibilant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c0/Voiced_alveolar_sibilant.ogg/Voiced_alveolar_sibilant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>gi<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, s<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ss,<sup id="cite_ref-Pinyin_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pinyin-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> z </td> <td><b>z</b>aman (Indonesia) <br/><i><b>z</b>oo</i> (Inggris) <br/><i>su<b>z</b>uki</i> (Jepang) </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran rongga-gigi bersuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf Z </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Desis-sisi </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɬ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_86" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg/Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>lh<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, sl<sup id="cite_ref-iraqw_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iraqw-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan desis-sisi nirsuara </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɮ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_87" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/Voiced_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg/Voiced_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Voiced_alveolar_lateral_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan desis-sisi bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Gesek </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">t͡s</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_88" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant_affricate.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant_affricate.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant_affricate.oga/Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant_affricate.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>tz<sup id="cite_ref-basque_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-basque-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan gesek rongga-gigi nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">d͡z</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_89" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_alveolar_sibilant_affricate.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Voiced_alveolar_sibilant_affricate.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Voiced_alveolar_sibilant_affricate.oga/Voiced_alveolar_sibilant_affricate.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan gesek rongga-gigi bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Gesek sisi </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">t͡ɬ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_90" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_affricate.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_affricate.ogg/Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_affricate.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Voiceless_alveolar_lateral_affricate.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>dl<sup id="cite_ref-navajo_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-navajo-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, dł<sup id="cite_ref-tlingit_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tlingit-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, tl </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan gesek sisi nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">d͡ɮ</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan gesek sisi bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hampiran </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɹ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_91" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Alveolar_approximant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Alveolar_approximant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Alveolar_approximant.ogg/Alveolar_approximant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>r </td> <td><i><b>r</b>un</i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran rongga-gigi </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Decak sisi </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǁ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_92" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Alveolar_lateral_click.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Alveolar_lateral_click.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/Alveolar_lateral_click.ogg/Alveolar_lateral_click.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan decak sisi rongga-gigi </td> <td>hanya terdapat di wilayah tertentu di Afrika. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pasca-rongga-gigi" data-mw-thread-id="h-Pasca-rongga-gigi-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Pasca-rongga-gigi-Konsonan"></span>Pasca-rongga-gigi<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Pasca-rongga-gigi-Konsonan"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-22" title="Sunting bagian: Pasca-rongga-gigi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-22" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pasca-rongga-gigi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Desis </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʃ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_93" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/Voiceless_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg/Voiceless_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Voiceless_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>sch<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, sh, sj, sk<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, sy, ti<sup id="cite_ref-inggris_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inggris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ſh<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>sy</b>ukur (Indonesia) <br/><i>lea<b>sh</b></i> (Inggris)<br/><i>na<b>ti</b>on</i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran pasca-rongga-gigi nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʒ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_94" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/30/Voiced_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg/Voiced_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Voiced_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>dx<sup id="cite_ref-zapotek_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zapotek-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ge<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, s, si<sup id="cite_ref-inggris_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inggris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> z , zh </td> <td><i>plea<b>s</b>ure, fu<b>si</b>on</i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran pasca-rongga-gigi bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Gesek </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">t͡ʃ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_95" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Voiceless_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/Voiceless_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg/Voiceless_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>c, ch, cz<sup id="cite_ref-kashubi_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kashubi-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, hj<sup id="cite_ref-faroe_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faroe-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, t<sup id="cite_ref-inggris_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inggris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, tc<sup id="cite_ref-sandawe_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sandawe-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, tj<sup id="cite_ref-norwegia_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-norwegia-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-faroe_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faroe-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ts<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, tsch<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, tx<sup id="cite_ref-basque_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-basque-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-catala_47-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-catala-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, tzsch<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i><b>c</b>uci</i> (Melayu) <br/><i>tea<b>ch</b>, na<b>t</b>ure</i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan gesek pasca-rongga-gigi nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">d͡ʒ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_96" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiced_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Voiced_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e6/Voiced_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg/Voiced_palato-alveolar_affricate.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>dsch<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, cg<sup id="cite_ref-inggris_kuno_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inggris_kuno-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, dg<sup id="cite_ref-inggris_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inggris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, dj<sup id="cite_ref-faroe_63-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faroe-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, g<sup id="cite_ref-inggris_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inggris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, gj<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, j, xh<sup id="cite_ref-albania_45-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-albania-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>j</b>ahil (Indonesia) <br/><i><b>g</b>in, e<b>dg</b>e</i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan gesek pasca-rongga-gigi bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Decak </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">!</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_97" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Postalveolar_click.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Postalveolar_click.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/Postalveolar_click.ogg/Postalveolar_click.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3APostalveolar_click.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>!, q<sup id="cite_ref-xhosa_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xhosa-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-zulu_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zulu-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan decak rongga-gigi </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tarik-belakang" data-mw-thread-id="h-Tarik-belakang-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Tarik-belakang-Konsonan"></span>Tarik-belakang<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Tarik-belakang-Konsonan"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-23" title="Sunting bagian: Tarik-belakang" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-23" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tarik-belakang"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Letup </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʈ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_98" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_retroflex_stop.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Voiceless_retroflex_stop.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/Voiceless_retroflex_stop.oga/Voiceless_retroflex_stop.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>rd<sup id="cite_ref-aborigin_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aborigin-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ṭ,<sup id="cite_ref-iast_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iast-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> t, th </td> <td><i><b>t</b>ukul</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jawa" title="Bahasa Jawa">Jawa</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan letup tarik-belakang nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɖ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_99" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiced_retroflex_stop.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Voiced_retroflex_stop.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/27/Voiced_retroflex_stop.oga/Voiced_retroflex_stop.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>ḍ<sup id="cite_ref-iast_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iast-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, dh </td> <td><i>har<b>d</b>er</i> (Inggris Amerika) </td> <td>Konsonan letup tarik-belakang bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Letup-balik </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ᶑ</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan letup-balik tarik-belakang bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Sengau </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɳ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_100" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Retroflex_nasal.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Retroflex_nasal.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/af/Retroflex_nasal.ogg/Retroflex_nasal.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>ṇ,<sup id="cite_ref-iast_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iast-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> n, rn<sup id="cite_ref-norwegia_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-norwegia-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>ga<b>rn</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Norwegia" title="Bahasa Norwegia">Norwegia</a>) <br/><i>ga<b>ṇ</b>a</i> (Sanskerta) </td> <td>Konsonan sengau tarik-belakang </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Desis </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʂ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_101" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_retroflex_sibilant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b1/Voiceless_retroflex_sibilant.ogg/Voiceless_retroflex_sibilant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Voiceless_retroflex_sibilant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>rs,<sup id="cite_ref-norwegia_36-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-norwegia-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-swedia_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-swedia-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ṣ,<sup id="cite_ref-iast_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iast-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sh, sr<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>kṛ<b>ṣ</b>ṇa</i> (Sanskerta) </td> <td>Konsonan desis tarik-belakang nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʐ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_102" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_retroflex_sibilant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7f/Voiced_retroflex_sibilant.ogg/Voiced_retroflex_sibilant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Voiced_retroflex_sibilant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>rz<sup id="cite_ref-polandia_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polandia-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kashubi_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kashubi-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i><b>zh</b>ir</i> (Rusia) </td> <td>Konsonan desis tarik-belakang bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Gesek </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">t͡ʂ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_103" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_retroflex_affricate.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Voiceless_retroflex_affricate.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/Voiceless_retroflex_affricate.ogg/Voiceless_retroflex_affricate.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>cz<sup id="cite_ref-polandia_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polandia-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, tr<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-vietnam_selatan_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vietnam_selatan-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, zh<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan gesek tarik-belakang nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">d͡ʐ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_104" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiced_retroflex_affricate.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Voiced_retroflex_affricate.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/58/Voiced_retroflex_affricate.ogg/Voiced_retroflex_affricate.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>dż<sup id="cite_ref-polandia_74-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polandia-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan gesek tarik-belakang bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hampiran </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɻ</span> </big></td> <td>[[berkas:Retroflex approximant.ogg|]] </td> <td>ṛ<sup id="cite_ref-iast_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iast-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, zh<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran tarik-belakang </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hampiran-sisi </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɭ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_105" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Retroflex_lateral_approximant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Retroflex_lateral_approximant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d1/Retroflex_lateral_approximant.ogg/Retroflex_lateral_approximant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>rl<sup id="cite_ref-aborigin_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aborigin-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran-sisi tarik-belakang </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Decak </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">!!</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan decak tarik-belakang </td> <td>hanya terdapat di wilayah tertentu di Afrika. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Langit-langit" data-mw-thread-id="h-Langit-langit-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Langit-langit-Konsonan"></span>Langit-langit<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Langit-langit-Konsonan"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-24" title="Sunting bagian: Langit-langit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-24" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Langit-langit"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Letup </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">c</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_106" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_palatal_plosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Voiceless_palatal_plosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/Voiceless_palatal_plosive.ogg/Voiceless_palatal_plosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>c, ch, q<sup id="cite_ref-albania_45-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-albania-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ty<sup id="cite_ref-hungaria_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hungaria-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan letup langit-langit nirsuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf C. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɟ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_107" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiced_palatal_plosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Voiced_palatal_plosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/Voiced_palatal_plosive.ogg/Voiced_palatal_plosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>gj<sup id="cite_ref-albania_45-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-albania-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, gy<sup id="cite_ref-hungaria_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hungaria-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, j </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan letup langit-langit bersuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf J. </td></tr> <tr> <th>Letup-balik </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʄ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_108" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiced_palatal_implosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Voiced_palatal_implosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/Voiced_palatal_implosive.ogg/Voiced_palatal_implosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan letup-balik langit-langit bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Sengau </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɲ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_109" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Palatal_nasal.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Palatal_nasal.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/Palatal_nasal.ogg/Palatal_nasal.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>gn<sup id="cite_ref-italia_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-italia-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ñ, nh, nj<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-faroe_63-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faroe-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ny </td> <td><b>ny</b>anyi (Indonesia) </td> <td>Konsonan sengau langit-langit </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Desis </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ç</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_110" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_palatal_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Voiceless_palatal_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ab/Voiceless_palatal_fricative.ogg/Voiceless_palatal_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>-chen (akhiran)<sup id="cite_ref-jerman_3-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ch<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, xy<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>I<b>ch</b></i> (Jerman) </td> <td>Konsonan desis langit-langit nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʝ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_111" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_palatal_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Voiced_palatal_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/Voiced_palatal_fricative.ogg/Voiced_palatal_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><i>ca<b>yo</b></i> (beberapa dialek Spanyol) </td> <td>Konsonan desis langit-langit bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hampiran </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">j</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_112" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Palatal_approximant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Palatal_approximant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/Palatal_approximant.ogg/Palatal_approximant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>hj<sup id="cite_ref-faroe_63-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faroe-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, gi<sup id="cite_ref-vietnam_selatan_76-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vietnam_selatan-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, j, y </td> <td>sa<b>y</b>a (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Melayu" title="Bahasa Melayu">Melayu</a>) <br/><i><b>y</b>et</i> (Inggris) <i><b>y</b>ōko</i> (Jepang) </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran langit-langit </td> <td>Bunyi huruf Y </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hampiran-sisi </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʎ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_113" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="4" data-mwtitle="Palatal_lateral_approximant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Palatal_lateral_approximant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/Palatal_lateral_approximant.ogg/Palatal_lateral_approximant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>gl (di depan ‹i›<sup id="cite_ref-italia_33-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-italia-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), lh<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-portugis_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-portugis-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, lj<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ll<sup id="cite_ref-catala_47-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-catala-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-spanyol_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spanyol-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>ta</b>gli<b>atelle (Italia)</b> </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran-sisi langit-langit </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Decak </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǂ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_114" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Palatoalveolar_click.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Palatoalveolar_click.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/Palatoalveolar_click.ogg/Palatoalveolar_click.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>tc<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan decak langit-langit </td> <td rowspan="2">hanya terdapat di wilayah tertentu di Afrika. </td></tr> <tr> <th>Decak sisi </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ǂǂ</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan decak sisi lidah langit-langit </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Langit-langit_belakang_terbibirkan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Langit-langit_belakang_terbibirkan-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Langit-langit_belakang_terbibirkan-Konsonan"></span>Langit-langit belakang terbibirkan<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Langit-langit_belakang_terbibirkan-Konsonan"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-25" title="Sunting bagian: Langit-langit belakang terbibirkan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-25" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Langit-langit belakang terbibirkan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Letup </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">k͡p</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_115" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_labial-velar_plosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Voiceless_labial-velar_plosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5f/Voiceless_labial-velar_plosive.ogg/Voiceless_labial-velar_plosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>kp </td> <td><i><b>kp</b>a</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Mono_(Kongo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Mono (Kongo) (halaman belum tersedia)">Mono</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan letup langit-langit belakang terbibirkan nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɡ͡b</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_116" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiced_labial-velar_plosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Voiced_labial-velar_plosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Voiced_labial-velar_plosive.ogg/Voiced_labial-velar_plosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>gb<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>ewe<b>gb</b>e</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Ewe" title="Bahasa Ewe">Ewe</a>)<br/><i><b>gb</b>a</i> (Mono) </td> <td>Konsonan letup langit-langit belakang terbibirkan bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Sengau </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ŋ͡m</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_117" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Labial-velar_nasal_stop.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/99/Labial-velar_nasal_stop.ogg/Labial-velar_nasal_stop.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Labial-velar_nasal_stop.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan sengau langit-langit belakang terbibirkan </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Hampiran </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʍ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_118" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_labio-velar_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Voiceless_labio-velar_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a7/Voiceless_labio-velar_fricative.ogg/Voiceless_labio-velar_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>wh </td> <td><i><b>wh</b>ath</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Cornish" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Cornish">Cornish</a>)<br/><i><b>wh</b>ine</i> (Inggris dialek Skotlandia) </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran langit-langit belakang terbibirkan nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">w</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_119" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiced_labio-velar_approximant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Voiced_labio-velar_approximant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Voiced_labio-velar_approximant.ogg/Voiced_labio-velar_approximant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>m<sup id="cite_ref-seri_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-seri-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ou<sup id="cite_ref-perancis_4-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, w </td> <td><i><b>w</b>aluya</i> (Bali)<br/><b>w</b>anita (Indonesia)<br/><i><b>w</b>eep</i> (Inggris)<br/><i><b>w</b>ang</i> (Melayu)<br/><i><b>ou</b>i</i> (Perancis)<br/><i>c<b>m</b>iique</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Seri" title="Bahasa Seri">Seri</a>)<br/><i>se<b>w</b>a</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Sesotho" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Sesotho">Sesotho</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran langit-langit belakang terbibirkan bersuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf W. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Langit-langit_belakang" data-mw-thread-id="h-Langit-langit_belakang-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Langit-langit_belakang-Konsonan"></span>Langit-langit belakang<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Langit-langit_belakang-Konsonan"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-26" title="Sunting bagian: Langit-langit belakang" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-26" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Langit-langit belakang"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Letup </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">k</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_120" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_velar_plosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Voiceless_velar_plosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e3/Voiceless_velar_plosive.ogg/Voiceless_velar_plosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>ck, gk<sup id="cite_ref-sandawe_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sandawe-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thai_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thai-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, k, qu<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>k</b>apak (Indonesia) <br/><i><b>k</b>ite</i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan letup langit-langit belakang nirsuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf K. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɡ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_121" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiced_velar_plosive_02.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Voiced_velar_plosive_02.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/12/Voiced_velar_plosive_02.ogg/Voiced_velar_plosive_02.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>g, gg<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>g</b>uru (Indonesia) <br/><i>e<b>gg</b></i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan letup langit-langit belakang bersuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf G </td></tr> <tr> <th>Letup-balik </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɠ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_122" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiced_velar_implosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Voiced_velar_implosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a8/Voiced_velar_implosive.ogg/Voiced_velar_implosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan letup-balik langit-langit belakang bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Sengau </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ŋ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_123" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Velar_nasal.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Velar_nasal.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/39/Velar_nasal.ogg/Velar_nasal.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>g, gñ<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ṃ<sup id="cite_ref-iast_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iast-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, n, n'<sup id="cite_ref-shona_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shona-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-xhosa_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xhosa-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ng, ng'<sup id="cite_ref-swahili_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-swahili-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, nk </td> <td><i>ta<b>n</b>k</i> (Ceko)<br/><i><b>g</b>one</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Fiji" title="Bahasa Fiji">Fiji</a>)<br/>si<b>nga</b> (Indonesia) <br/><i>pi<b>nk</b></i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan sengau langit-langit belakang </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Desis </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">x</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_124" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_velar_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Voiceless_velar_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/Voiceless_velar_fricative.ogg/Voiceless_velar_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>g, gg<sup id="cite_ref-yup'ik_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yup'ik-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, h, kh, rh<sup id="cite_ref-xhosa_70-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xhosa-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i><b>g</b>oed</i> (Afrikaans)<br/><b>kh</b>ianat (Indonesia)<br/><i>lo<b>ch</b></i> (Inggris dialek Skotlandia)<br/><i><b>H</b>rvatski</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Kroasia" title="Bahasa Kroasia">Kroasia</a>)<br/><i><b>rh</b>oxisa</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Xhosa" title="Bahasa Xhosa">Xhosa</a>)<br/><i>me<b>j</b>or</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Zapotek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Zapotek (halaman belum tersedia)">Zapotek</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan desis langit-langit belakang nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɣ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_125" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_velar_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/47/Voiced_velar_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/47/Voiced_velar_fricative.ogg/Voiced_velar_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>dh, gh </td> <td><i>a<b>ğ</b>ac</i> (Azerbaijan)<br/><i>che<b>gh</b>e</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Ghari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Ghari (halaman belum tersedia)">Ghari</a>)<br/><i><b>dh</b>orn</i> (Irlandia)<br/><i>a<b>g</b>ora</i> (Portugis) </td> <td>Konsonan desis langit-langit belakang bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hampiran </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɰ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_126" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_velar_approximant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Voiced_velar_approximant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/Voiced_velar_approximant.ogg/Voiced_velar_approximant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>g, w </td> <td><i><b>w</b>a-tsi</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Cherokee" title="Bahasa Cherokee">Cherokee</a>)<br/><i>sa<b>g</b>a</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Islandia" title="Bahasa Islandia">Islandia</a>)<br/><i>pa<b>g</b>ar</i> (Spanyol) </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran langit-langit belakang </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hampiran-sisi </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʟ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_127" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Velar_lateral_approximant.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Velar_lateral_approximant.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/Velar_lateral_approximant.ogg/Velar_lateral_approximant.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>l </td> <td><i>mi<b>l</b>k</i> (beberapa dialek bahasa Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan hampiran-sisi langit-langit belakang </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tekak" data-mw-thread-id="h-Tekak-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Tekak-Konsonan"></span>Tekak<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Tekak-Konsonan"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-27" title="Sunting bagian: Tekak" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-27" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tekak"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Letup </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">q</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_128" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_uvular_plosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Voiceless_uvular_plosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/Voiceless_uvular_plosive.ogg/Voiceless_uvular_plosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>q </td> <td>Qur'an (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan letup tekak nirsuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf Q. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɢ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_129" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiced_uvular_stop.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Voiced_uvular_stop.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/Voiced_uvular_stop.oga/Voiced_uvular_stop.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>gq<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan letup tekak bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Letup-balik </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʛ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_130" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiced_uvular_implosive.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Voiced_uvular_implosive.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/00/Voiced_uvular_implosive.ogg/Voiced_uvular_implosive.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan letup-balik tekak bersuara </td></tr> <tr> <th>Sengau </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɴ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_131" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Uvular_nasal.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Uvular_nasal.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/Uvular_nasal.ogg/Uvular_nasal.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>n </td> <td><i>niho<b>n</b>go</i> (Jepang) </td> <td>Konsonan sengau tekak </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Getar </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʀ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_132" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Uvular_trill.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Uvular_trill.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/Uvular_trill.ogg/Uvular_trill.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>r </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan getar tekak </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Kepakan </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɢ̆</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan kepakan tekak </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Desis </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">χ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_133" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_uvular_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Voiceless_uvular_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/Voiceless_uvular_fricative.ogg/Voiceless_uvular_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>hh<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, rr<sup id="cite_ref-yup'ik_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yup'ik-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, x<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, xh<sup id="cite_ref-tlingit_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tlingit-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan desis tekak nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʁ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_134" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_uvular_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Voiced_uvular_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/af/Voiced_uvular_fricative.ogg/Voiced_uvular_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan desis tekak bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hulu_kerongkongan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Hulu_kerongkongan-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Hulu_kerongkongan-Konsonan"></span>Hulu kerongkongan<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Hulu_kerongkongan-Konsonan"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-28" title="Sunting bagian: Hulu kerongkongan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-28" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Hulu kerongkongan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Desis </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ħ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_135" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Voiceless_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/Voiceless_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg/Voiceless_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a>) </td> <td>Konsonan desis hulu kerongkongan nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʕ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_136" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Voiced_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Voiced_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cd/Voiced_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg/Voiced_pharyngeal_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan desis hulu kerongkongan bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Katup_napas" data-mw-thread-id="h-Katup_napas-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Katup_napas-Konsonan"></span>Katup napas<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Katup_napas-Konsonan"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-29" title="Sunting bagian: Katup napas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-29" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Katup napas"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Letup </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʡ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_137" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Epiglottal_stop.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b2/Epiglottal_stop.ogg/Epiglottal_stop.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Epiglottal_stop.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan letup katup napas </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Getar </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">я</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan getar katup napas </td> <td>langka. </td></tr> <tr> <th>Kepakan </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʡ̯</span> </big></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan kepakan katup napas </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Desis </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʜ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_138" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="4" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_epiglottal_trill.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/Voiceless_epiglottal_trill.ogg/Voiceless_epiglottal_trill.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Voiceless_epiglottal_trill.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>hh<sup id="cite_ref-iraqw_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iraqw-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan desis katup napas nirsuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʢ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_139" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_epiglottal_trill_2.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/Voiced_epiglottal_trill_2.ogg/Voiced_epiglottal_trill_2.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Voiced_epiglottal_trill_2.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>Konsonan desis katup napas bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="white"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Celah_suara" data-mw-thread-id="h-Celah_suara-Konsonan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Celah_suara-Konsonan"></span>Celah suara<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Celah_suara-Konsonan"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&veaction=edit&section=T-30" title="Sunting bagian: Celah suara" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan/Isi&action=edit&section=T-30" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Celah suara"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Letup </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ʔ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_140" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Glottal_stop.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Glottal_stop.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/Glottal_stop.ogg/Glottal_stop.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>k, q<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, tx<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><i>pana<b>k</b></i> (Bali) <br/>ba<b>k</b>so (Indonesia) <br/><i>mba<b>k</b></i> (Jawa) </td> <td>Konsonan letup celah suara </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">Desis </th> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">h</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_141" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiceless_glottal_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Voiceless_glottal_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/Voiceless_glottal_fricative.ogg/Voiceless_glottal_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>h </td> <td><b>h</b>ari (Indonesia) <br/><i><b>h</b>am</i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan desis celah suara nirsuara </td> <td>bunyi dari huruf H. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɦ</span> </big></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_142" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="50" style="width:50px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Voiced_glottal_fricative.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Voiced_glottal_fricative.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0"/><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/Voiced_glottal_fricative.ogg/Voiced_glottal_fricative.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"/></audio></span></span> </td> <td>h </td> <td><i><b>h</b>am</i> (Inggris) </td> <td>Konsonan desis celah suara bersuara </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;"></div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Lihat_pula" data-mw-thread-id="h-Lihat_pula"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Lihat_pula"></span>Lihat pula<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Lihat_pula"></span></h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfabet_Fonetis_Internasional" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabet Fonetis Internasional">Alfabet Fonetis Internasional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia#Fonologi" title="Bahasa Indonesia">Bunyi dalam bahasa Indonesia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Catatan" data-mw-thread-id="h-Catatan"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Catatan"></span>Catatan<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Catatan"></span></h2></div> <div style="-moz-column-count:3; -webkit-column-count:3; column-count:3;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-inggris-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inggris_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inggris_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inggris_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inggris_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inggris_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inggris_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inggris_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inggris_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inggris_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inggris_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inggris_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">Bahasa Inggris</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-iast-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iast_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iast_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iast_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iast_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iast_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iast_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iast_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iast_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iast_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iast_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/IAST" class="mw-redirect" title="IAST">IAST</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jerman-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jerman_3-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bahasa Jerman">Bahasa Jerman</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-perancis-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-perancis_4-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Perancis" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Perancis">Bahasa Perancis</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pinyin-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pinyin_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pinyin_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pinyin_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pinyin.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-finlandia-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-finlandia_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Finlandia" title="Bahasa Finlandia">Bahasa Finlandia</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ir-ortho-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ir-ortho_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ir-ortho_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ortografi Irlandia.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yi-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-yi_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yi_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Yi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Yi (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Yi</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ir-inggris-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ir-inggris_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">Bahasa Inggris</a> dialek Irlandia.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dipakai di Irlandia. Bila antara dua konsonan menyentuh langit-langit</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-belanda-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-belanda_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-belanda_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-belanda_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-belanda_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-belanda_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-belanda_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-belanda_11-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Belanda" title="Bahasa Belanda">Bahasa Belanda</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cornish-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cornish_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cornish_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Corn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Corn (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Corn</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-breton-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-breton_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Breton" title="Bahasa Breton">Bahasa Breton</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-uzbek-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-uzbek_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uzbek_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Uzbek" title="Bahasa Uzbek">Bahasa Uzbek</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-korea-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-korea_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-korea_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-korea_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-korea_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Korea" title="Bahasa Korea">Bahasa Korea</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-denmark-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-denmark_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Denmark" title="Bahasa Denmark">Bahasa Denmark</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kanton_pinyin-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kanton_pinyin_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kanton_pinyin_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pinyin Kanton.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-swedia-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-swedia_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-swedia_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-swedia_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Swedia" title="Bahasa Swedia">Bahasa Swedia</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Azerbaijan" title="Bahasa Azerbaijan">Bahasa Azerbaijan</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-irlandia-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-irlandia_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irlandia_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Irlandia" title="Bahasa Irlandia">Bahasa Irlandia</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aceh-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aceh_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aceh_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Aceh" title="Bahasa Aceh">Bahasa Aceh</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Senagi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Senagi (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Senagi</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aus-inggris-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aus-inggris_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aus-inggris_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">Bahasa Inggris</a> dialek Australia.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jyutping, romanisasi dialek Kanton.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bali-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bali_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Bali" title="Bahasa Bali">Bahasa Bali</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-melayu-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-melayu_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Melayu" title="Bahasa Melayu">Bahasa Melayu</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sanskerta-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sanskerta_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Sanskerta" title="Bahasa Sanskerta">Bahasa Sanskerta</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-portugis-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-portugis_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-portugis_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-portugis_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Portugis" title="Bahasa Portugis">Bahasa Portugis</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-afrikaans-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-afrikaans_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-afrikaans_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Afrikaans" title="Bahasa Afrikaans">Bahasa Afrikaans</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vietnam-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vietnam_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Vietnam" title="Bahasa Vietnam">Bahasa Vietnam</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sunda-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sunda_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Sunda" title="Bahasa Sunda">Bahasa Sunda</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-madagaskar-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-madagaskar_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Malagasi" title="Bahasa Malagasi">Bahasa Malagasi</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-italia-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-italia_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-italia_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-italia_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-italia_33-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-italia_33-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Italia" title="Bahasa Italia">Bahasa Italia</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-as-inggris-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-as-inggris_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-as-inggris_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-as-inggris_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">Bahasa Inggris</a> dialek Amerika.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-british-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-british_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-british_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">Bahasa Inggris</a> dialek Britania.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-norwegia-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-norwegia_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-norwegia_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-norwegia_36-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-norwegia_36-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Norwegia" title="Bahasa Norwegia">Bahasa Norwegia</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sandawe-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sandawe_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sandawe_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sandawe_37-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Sandawe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Sandawe (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Sandawe</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bari-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bari_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bari_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Bari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Bari (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Bari</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Pular&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Pular (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Pular</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yup'ik-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-yup'ik_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yup'ik_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yup'ik_40-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Yupik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Yupik (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Yup'ik Alaska Tengah</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shona-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Shona_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Shona" title="Bahasa Shona">Bahasa Shona</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bahasa Castille Spanyol.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-welsh-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-welsh_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Welsh" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Welsh">Bahasa Welsh</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arab-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-arab_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Bahasa Arab</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-albania-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-albania_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-albania_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-albania_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-albania_45-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-albania_45-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-albania_45-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Albania" title="Bahasa Albania">Bahasa Albania</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-swahili-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-swahili_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-swahili_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Swahili" title="Bahasa Swahili">Bahasa Swahili</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-catala-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-catala_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-catala_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-catala_47-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-catala_47-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Catala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Catala (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Catala</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-spanyol-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-spanyol_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spanyol_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spanyol_48-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Spanyol" title="Bahasa Spanyol">Bahasa Spanyol</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Vietnam" title="Bahasa Vietnam">Bahasa Vietnam</a> (dialek utara).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Di Jerman: depan konsonan atau di akhir kata</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dalam bahasa Yup'ik: di antara vokal</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pinyin-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pinyin_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinyin">Pinyin</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bahasa Indian Amerika.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-iraqw-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iraqw_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-iraqw_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Iraqw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Iraqw (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Iraqw</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-basque-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-basque_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-basque_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Basque" title="Bahasa Basque">Bahasa Basque</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-navajo-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-navajo_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Navajo" title="Bahasa Navajo">Bahasa Navajo</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tlingit-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tlingit_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tlingit_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Tlingit" title="Bahasa Tlingit">Bahasa Tlingit</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Di Norwegia: di depan ‹e› dan ‹i›</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alfabet Bohorič.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zapotek-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-zapotek_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Zapotek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Zapotek (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Zapotek</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Di Perancis: di depan ‹a› ‹o› ‹u›</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kashubi-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kashubi_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kashubi_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Kashubi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Kashubi (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Kashubi</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-faroe-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-faroe_63-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faroe_63-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faroe_63-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faroe_63-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-faroe_63-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Faroe" title="Bahasa Faroe">Bahasa Faroe</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Tagalog" title="Bahasa Tagalog">Bahasa Tagalog</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bahasa pribumi Amerika Selatan.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inggris_kuno-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-inggris_kuno_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris_Kuno" title="Bahasa Inggris Kuno">Bahasa Inggris Kuno</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ortografi berdasarkan bahasa Perancis.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Gheg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Gheg (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Gheg</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Pashto" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Pashto">Bahasa Pashto</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-xhosa-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-xhosa_70-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-xhosa_70-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-xhosa_70-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Xhosa" title="Bahasa Xhosa">Bahasa Xhosa</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zulu-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-zulu_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Zulu" title="Bahasa Zulu">Bahasa Zulu</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aborigin-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aborigin_72-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aborigin_72-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bahasa Aborigin Australia.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Kosrae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Kosrae (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Kosrae</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-polandia-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-polandia_74-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-polandia_74-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-polandia_74-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Polandia" title="Bahasa Polandia">Bahasa Polandia</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Malagasi" title="Bahasa Malagasi">Bahasa Malagasi</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vietnam_selatan-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vietnam_selatan_76-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vietnam_selatan_76-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Vietnam" title="Bahasa Vietnam">Bahasa Vietnam</a> (dialek selatan).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Tamil" title="Bahasa Tamil">Bahasa Tamil</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hungaria-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hungaria_79-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hungaria_79-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Hungaria" title="Bahasa Hungaria">Bahasa Hungaria</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Slavia_Selatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Slavia Selatan">Bahasa Slavia Selatan</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Di Jerman: setelah vokal lain atau konsonan atau permulan kata</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Hmong" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Hmong">Bahasa Hmong</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Gallo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Gallo (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Gallo</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Slavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Slavia">Bahasa Slavia</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Naro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Naro (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Naro</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bahasa di Afrika.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-seri-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-seri_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Seri" title="Bahasa Seri">Bahasa Seri</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thai-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-thai_88-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Thai" title="Bahasa Thai">Bahasa Thai</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Di depan vokal ‹e›, ‹i›. Dipakai di Perancis, Portugis, Spanyol.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dipakai di Inggris. Di depan ‹i› dan ‹e›.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ortografi berdasar bahasa Spanyol di Pasifik.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shona-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shona_92-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Shona" title="Bahasa Shona">Bahasa Shona</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Taa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Taa (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Taa</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Dene_Suline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Dene Suline (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Dene Suline</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bahasa pribumi Alaska.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Malta" title="Bahasa Malta">Bahasa Malta</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_V%C3%B5ro" title="Bahasa Võro">Bahasa Võro</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahasa_Nambikwara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahasa Nambikwara (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahasa Nambikwara</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Pranala_luar" data-mw-thread-id="h-Pranala_luar"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Pranala_luar"></span>Pranala luar<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Pranala_luar"></span></h2></div> <dl><dt>Daerah artikulasi</dt></dl> <ul><li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~danhall/phonetics/sammy.html">Mengetahui peta daerah artikulasi</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Bunyi</dt></dl> <ul><li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yorku.ca/earmstro/ipa/">Dengarkan bunyi konsonan, vokal, dan diftong dengan contoh bunyi yang lebih lengkap</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hctv.humnet.ucla.edu/departments/linguistics/VowelsandConsonants/course/chapter1/chapter1.html">Dengarkan bunyi konsonan dan vokal dengan berkas tipe AIFF</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ladefogeds.com/vowels/contents.html">Kursus linguistik Peter Ladgefoged - menampilkan berbagai bunyi vokal dan konsonan di dunia</a></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23035139"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"/></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pronunciation" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Pronunciation"><b><i>Bunyi berbagai bahasa di dunia</i></b></a>.</div></div> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Contactus-wmcolors.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Contactus-wmcolors.svg/100px-Contactus-wmcolors.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Contactus-wmcolors.svg/150px-Contactus-wmcolors.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Contactus-wmcolors.svg/200px-Contactus-wmcolors.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="1050"/></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Butuh bantuan lebih lanjut? <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami" title="Wikipedia:Hubungi kami">Hubungi kami</a></b>, ataupun bertanya ke pengguna Wikipedia yang lain di <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi_(Bantuan)" title="Wikipedia:Warung Kopi (Bantuan)">Wikipedia:Warung Kopi (Bantuan)</a></b> </p> </td> <td valign="top" width="10%"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333518">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse vcard vlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Bagian dari seri tentang</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan" title="Bantuan">Halaman Bantuan</a> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_Bahasa_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia Bahasa Indonesia">Wikipedia Bahasa Indonesia</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Wikipedia_help_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Wikipedia_help_symbol.svg/120px-Wikipedia_help_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Wikipedia_help_symbol.svg/180px-Wikipedia_help_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Wikipedia_help_symbol.svg/240px-Wikipedia_help_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"/></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid ;padding:0.3em;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">Indeks Halaman Bantuan</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;">A <ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Atur_ulang_kata_sandi" title="Bantuan:Atur ulang kata sandi">Atur ulang kata sandi</a></li> </ul> <p>B </p> <div class="mw-prefixindex-body"><ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Bagian" title="Bantuan:Bagian">Bagian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Bahasa_Arab" title="Bantuan:Bahasa Arab">Bahasa Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bantuan:Bahasa Jepang">Bahasa Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Berkas" title="Bantuan:Berkas">Berkas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Bilah_alat_penyunting" title="Bantuan:Bilah alat penyunting">Bilah alat penyunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Bot" title="Bantuan:Bot">Bot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Buku" title="Bantuan:Buku">Buku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Buku/untuk_ahli" title="Bantuan:Buku/untuk ahli">Buku/untuk ahli</a></li> </ul></div> <p>C </p> <div class="mw-prefixindex-body"><ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:CS1_errors" title="Bantuan:CS1 errors">CS1 errors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:CSS" title="Bantuan:CSS">CSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Cara_membaca_abjad_Urdu" title="Bantuan:Cara membaca abjad Urdu">Cara membaca abjad Urdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Catatan_kaki" title="Bantuan:Catatan kaki">Catatan kaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Convert_messages" title="Bantuan:Convert messages">Convert messages</a></li> </ul></div> <p>D </p> <div class="mw-prefixindex-body"><ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Daftar" title="Bantuan:Daftar">Daftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Daftar_pantauan" title="Bantuan:Daftar pantauan">Daftar pantauan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Disambiguasi" title="Bantuan:Disambiguasi">Disambiguasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Dukungan_multibahasa_(Asia_Timur)" title="Bantuan:Dukungan multibahasa (Asia Timur)">Dukungan multibahasa (Asia Timur)</a></li> </ul></div> <p>E </p><p>F </p> <ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Fungsi_parser" title="Bantuan:Fungsi parser">Fungsi parser</a></li> </ul> <p>G </p> <div class="mw-prefixindex-body"><ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">Galat CS1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galeri" title="Bantuan:Galeri">Galeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Garis_waktu" title="Bantuan:Garis waktu">Garis waktu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Gaya_Rujukan_1" title="Bantuan:Gaya Rujukan 1">Gaya Rujukan 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Gaya_Rujukan_2" title="Bantuan:Gaya Rujukan 2">Gaya Rujukan 2</a></li> </ul></div> <p>H </p> <ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Halaman_istimewa" title="Bantuan:Halaman istimewa">Halaman istimewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Halaman_multikolom" title="Bantuan:Halaman multikolom">Halaman multikolom</a></li> </ul> <p>I </p> <div class="mw-prefixindex-body"><ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Arab">IPA/Bahasa Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Hindi_dan_Urdu" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Hindi dan Urdu">IPA/Bahasa Hindi dan Urdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Inggris">IPA/Bahasa Inggris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Inggris_Kuno" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Inggris Kuno">IPA/Bahasa Inggris Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Italia" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Italia">IPA/Bahasa Italia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Jepang">IPA/Bahasa Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Jerman" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Jerman">IPA/Bahasa Jerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Korea" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Korea">IPA/Bahasa Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Makedonia" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Makedonia">IPA/Bahasa Makedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Mandarin" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Mandarin">IPA/Bahasa Mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Melayu" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Melayu">IPA/Bahasa Melayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Nahuatl" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Nahuatl">IPA/Bahasa Nahuatl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Persia" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Persia">IPA/Bahasa Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Prancis" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Prancis">IPA/Bahasa Prancis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Punjabi" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Punjabi">IPA/Bahasa Punjabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Serbo-Kroasia" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Serbo-Kroasia">IPA/Bahasa Serbo-Kroasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Slovenia" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Slovenia">IPA/Bahasa Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Spanyol" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Spanyol">IPA/Bahasa Spanyol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Sunda" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Sunda">IPA/Bahasa Sunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Tagalog" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Tagalog">IPA/Bahasa Tagalog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Ukraina" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Ukraina">IPA/Bahasa Ukraina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Wales" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Wales">IPA/Bahasa Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Yunani">IPA/Bahasa Yunani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:ISBN" title="Bantuan:ISBN">ISBN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Ikhtisar_kode_markah_wiki" title="Bantuan:Ikhtisar kode markah wiki">Ikhtisar kode markah wiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Ikhtisar_kode_markah_wiki/Tabel" title="Bantuan:Ikhtisar kode markah wiki/Tabel">Ikhtisar kode markah wiki/Tabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Indeks" title="Bantuan:Indeks">Indeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Bantuan:Isi">Isi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Cari" title="Bantuan:Isi/Cari">Isi/Cari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Gambar_dan_media" title="Bantuan:Isi/Gambar dan media">Isi/Gambar dan media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Informasi_teknis" title="Bantuan:Isi/Informasi teknis">Isi/Informasi teknis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Kebijakan_dan_pedoman" title="Bantuan:Isi/Kebijakan dan pedoman">Isi/Kebijakan dan pedoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Komunikasi" title="Bantuan:Isi/Komunikasi">Isi/Komunikasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Komunitas_Wikipedia" title="Bantuan:Isi/Komunitas Wikipedia">Isi/Komunitas Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Melacak_perubahan" title="Bantuan:Isi/Melacak perubahan">Isi/Melacak perubahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Memulai_penggunaan" title="Bantuan:Isi/Memulai penggunaan">Isi/Memulai penggunaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Menjelajahi_Wikipedia" title="Bantuan:Isi/Menjelajahi Wikipedia">Isi/Menjelajahi Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Menyunting_Wikipedia" title="Bantuan:Isi/Menyunting Wikipedia">Isi/Menyunting Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Pengaturan_akun" title="Bantuan:Isi/Pengaturan akun">Isi/Pengaturan akun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Pranala_dan_rujukan" title="Bantuan:Isi/Pranala dan rujukan">Isi/Pranala dan rujukan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Sumber_dan_daftar" title="Bantuan:Isi/Sumber dan daftar">Isi/Sumber dan daftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Templat/Bagian" title="Bantuan:Isi/Templat/Bagian">Isi/Templat/Bagian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/Templat/Judul" title="Bantuan:Isi/Templat/Judul">Isi/Templat/Judul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi/cellstyle" title="Bantuan:Isi/cellstyle">Isi/cellstyle</a></li> </ul></div> <p>J </p> <ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Jangkar" title="Bantuan:Jangkar">Jangkar</a></li> </ul> <p>K </p> <div class="mw-prefixindex-body"><ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:KML" title="Bantuan:KML">KML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Kalkulasi" title="Bantuan:Kalkulasi">Kalkulasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Karakter_istimewa" title="Bantuan:Karakter istimewa">Karakter istimewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Kata_ajaib" title="Bantuan:Kata ajaib">Kata ajaib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Kategori" title="Bantuan:Kategori">Kategori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Konflik_penyuntingan" title="Bantuan:Konflik penyuntingan">Konflik penyuntingan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Kontribusi_pengguna" title="Bantuan:Kontribusi pengguna">Kontribusi pengguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Kotak_info" title="Bantuan:Kotak info">Kotak info</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Kunci_pintas" title="Bantuan:Kunci pintas">Kunci pintas</a></li> </ul></div> <p>L </p> <ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:LaTeX" title="Bantuan:LaTeX">LaTeX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Lihat_pratayang" title="Bantuan:Lihat pratayang">Lihat pratayang</a></li> </ul> <p>M </p> <div class="mw-prefixindex-body"><ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Media" title="Bantuan:Media">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Memperbaiki_pranala_sunting_yang_bertumpuk" title="Bantuan:Memperbaiki pranala sunting yang bertumpuk">Memperbaiki pranala sunting yang bertumpuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Menampilkan_rumus" title="Bantuan:Menampilkan rumus">Menampilkan rumus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Mencari_gambar" title="Bantuan:Mencari gambar">Mencari gambar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Mengarsipkan_halaman_pembicaraan" title="Bantuan:Mengarsipkan halaman pembicaraan">Mengarsipkan halaman pembicaraan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Mengembalikan_ke_revisi_sebelumnya" title="Bantuan:Mengembalikan ke revisi sebelumnya">Mengembalikan ke revisi sebelumnya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Menggunakan_kode_HTML_di_Wikipedia" title="Bantuan:Menggunakan kode HTML di Wikipedia">Menggunakan kode HTML di Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Mengolah_gambar" title="Bantuan:Mengolah gambar">Mengolah gambar</a></li> </ul></div> <p>N </p> <ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Nama_halaman" title="Bantuan:Nama halaman">Nama halaman</a></li> </ul> <p>O </p><p>P </p> <div class="mw-prefixindex-body"><ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pelepasan_templat_pemeliharaan" title="Bantuan:Pelepasan templat pemeliharaan">Pelepasan templat pemeliharaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pelindungan" title="Bantuan:Pelindungan">Pelindungan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pencarian" title="Bantuan:Pencarian">Pencarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengalihan" title="Bantuan:Pengalihan">Pengalihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar_gambar_dengan_VisualEditor/1" title="Bantuan:Pengantar gambar dengan VisualEditor/1">Pengantar gambar dengan VisualEditor/1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar_gambar_dengan_VisualEditor/2" title="Bantuan:Pengantar gambar dengan VisualEditor/2">Pengantar gambar dengan VisualEditor/2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar_gambar_dengan_VisualEditor/3" title="Bantuan:Pengantar gambar dengan VisualEditor/3">Pengantar gambar dengan VisualEditor/3</a></li> <li><a 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VisualEditor/2">Pengantar penyuntingan dengan VisualEditor/2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar_penyuntingan_dengan_VisualEditor/3" title="Bantuan:Pengantar penyuntingan dengan VisualEditor/3">Pengantar penyuntingan dengan VisualEditor/3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar_penyuntingan_dengan_VisualEditor/4" title="Bantuan:Pengantar penyuntingan dengan VisualEditor/4">Pengantar penyuntingan dengan VisualEditor/4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar_penyuntingan_dengan_VisualEditor/5" title="Bantuan:Pengantar penyuntingan dengan VisualEditor/5">Pengantar penyuntingan dengan VisualEditor/5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar_penyuntingan_dengan_VisualEditor/6" title="Bantuan:Pengantar penyuntingan dengan VisualEditor/6">Pengantar penyuntingan dengan VisualEditor/6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar_penyuntingan_dengan_VisualEditor/kuis_kelayakan" title="Bantuan:Pengantar penyuntingan dengan VisualEditor/kuis kelayakan">Pengantar 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title="Bantuan:Pengunggahan">Pengunggahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Penyortiran" title="Bantuan:Penyortiran">Penyortiran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Peralatan_sitasi" title="Bantuan:Peralatan sitasi">Peralatan sitasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Perbedaan" title="Bantuan:Perbedaan">Perbedaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Perubahan_terbaru" title="Bantuan:Perubahan terbaru">Perubahan terbaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Perubahan_terkait" title="Bantuan:Perubahan terkait">Perubahan terkait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pesan_sistem/Log" title="Bantuan:Pesan sistem/Log">Pesan sistem/Log</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pesan_sistem/Log/entri" title="Bantuan:Pesan sistem/Log/entri">Pesan sistem/Log/entri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pranala_antarbahasa" title="Bantuan:Pranala antarbahasa">Pranala antarbahasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pranala_balik" title="Bantuan:Pranala balik">Pranala balik</a></li> <li><a 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title="Bantuan:Sembunyikan dan tampilkan">Sembunyikan dan tampilkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Silsilah" title="Bantuan:Silsilah">Silsilah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Sontekan" title="Bantuan:Sontekan">Sontekan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Suntingan_kecil" title="Bantuan:Suntingan kecil">Suntingan kecil</a></li> </ul></div> <p>T </p> <div class="mw-prefixindex-body"><ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Tabel" title="Bantuan:Tabel">Tabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Tanda_tangan" title="Bantuan:Tanda tangan">Tanda tangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Templat" title="Bantuan:Templat">Templat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Transklusi" title="Bantuan:Transklusi">Transklusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Transwiki" title="Bantuan:Transwiki">Transwiki</a></li> </ul></div> <p>U </p> <ul class="mw-prefixindex-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:URL" title="Bantuan:URL">URL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Ungkapan_bersyarat" 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href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Prinsip_dasar_Wikipedia&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prinsip_dasar_Wikipedia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Prinsip dasar Wikipedia</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align: center;;;width:5%;"><div> <p> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;;;width:18%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar" title="Wikipedia:Pancapilar">Pancapilar</a></b><br/>Dasar-dasar Wikipedia </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;;;width:18%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Pengguna:Jimbo_Wales/Pernyataan_prinsip_dasar_Wikipedia" title="Pengguna:Jimbo Wales/Pernyataan prinsip dasar Wikipedia">Pernyataan Jimbo</a></b><br/>Prinsip dasar dalam sejarah </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;;;width:18%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Aturan_yang_disederhanakan" title="Wikipedia:Aturan yang disederhanakan">Aturan yang disederhanakan</a></b><br/>Ringkasan konvensi Wikipedia </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;;;width:18%;"><div> <p><b><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Founding_principles" class="extiw" title="meta:Founding principles">Prinsip dasar proyek</a></b><br/>Berlaku di semua proyek<br/>(di meta-wiki) </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;;;width:18%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Daftar_kebijakan_dan_pedoman" title="Wikipedia:Daftar kebijakan dan pedoman">Daftar</a></b><br/>Daftar lengkap kebijakan resmi </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;;;width:5%;"><div> <p> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kebijakan_dan_pedoman_Wikipedia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman_Wikipedia" title="Templat:Kebijakan dan pedoman Wikipedia"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman_Wikipedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Kebijakan dan pedoman Wikipedia (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman_Wikipedia&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kebijakan_dan_pedoman_Wikipedia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman" title="Wikipedia:Kebijakan dan pedoman">Kebijakan dan pedoman Wikipedia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Foundation_principles" class="extiw" title="m:Foundation principles">Prinsip dasar Yayasan Wikimedia</a></b> / <b><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policies" class="extiw" title="foundation:Policies">Kebijakan Yayasan Wikimedia</a></b> <br/> <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar" title="Wikipedia:Pancapilar">Pancapilar</a></b> <br/> <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Daftar_kebijakan_dan_pedoman" title="Wikipedia:Daftar kebijakan dan pedoman">Daftar kebijakan dan pedoman Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia</a></b> <br/> <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Prosedur_penetapan_kebijakan_dan_pedoman" title="Wikipedia:Prosedur penetapan kebijakan dan pedoman">Prosedur penetapan kebijakan dan pedoman</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Berkontribusi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kebijakan"><img alt="Kebijakan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/17px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/34px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_penyuntingan" title="Wikipedia:Kebijakan penyuntingan">Penyuntingan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penyangkalan_umum" title="Wikipedia:Penyangkalan umum">Penyangkalan umum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penyangkalan_isi" title="Wikipedia:Penyangkalan isi">Penyangkalan isi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penyangkalan_hukum" title="Wikipedia:Penyangkalan hukum">Penyangkalan hukum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penyangkalan_medis" title="Wikipedia:Penyangkalan medis">Penyangkalan medis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penyangkalan_risiko" title="Wikipedia:Penyangkalan risiko">Penyangkalan risiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penyangkalan_survei" title="Wikipedia:Penyangkalan survei">Penyangkalan survei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penyangkalan_terkait_topik_kontroversial" title="Wikipedia:Penyangkalan terkait topik kontroversial">Topik kontroversial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_bukanlah" title="Wikipedia:Wikipedia bukanlah">Wikipedia bukanlah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bukan_riset_asli" title="Wikipedia:Bukan riset asli">Bukan riset asli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pemastian" title="Wikipedia:Pemastian">Pemastian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sudut_pandang_netral" title="Wikipedia:Sudut pandang netral">Sudut pandang netral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biografi_tokoh_yang_masih_hidup" title="Wikipedia:Biografi tokoh yang masih hidup">Biografi tokoh yang masih hidup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pedoman"><img alt="Pedoman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/17px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/26px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/34px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pedoman_penamaan" title="Wikipedia:Pedoman penamaan">Pedoman penamaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disambiguasi" title="Wikipedia:Disambiguasi">Disambiguasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Jangan_membuat_kebohongan" title="Wikipedia:Jangan membuat kebohongan">Jangan membuat kebohongan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Jangan_menyertakan_salinan_naskah_asli" title="Wikipedia:Jangan menyertakan salinan naskah asli">Jangan menyertakan salinan naskah asli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kelayakan_artikel" title="Wikipedia:Kelayakan artikel">Kelayakan artikel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Konflik_kepentingan" title="Wikipedia:Konflik kepentingan">Konflik kepentingan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sumber_tepercaya" title="Wikipedia:Sumber tepercaya">Sumber tepercaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tulisan_mengawur" title="Wikipedia:Tulisan mengawur">Tulisan mengawur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vanitas" title="Wikipedia:Vanitas">Vanitas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam" title="Wikipedia:Spam">Spam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bangun_jaringan_halaman" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Bangun jaringan halaman">Bangun jaringan halaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Masuk_log_sebelum_melakukan_penyuntingan_drastis" title="Wikipedia:Masuk log sebelum melakukan penyuntingan drastis">Masuk log sebelum melakukan penyuntingan drastis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Menyunting</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=Pedoman&#124;Pedoman" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pedoman"><img alt="Pedoman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/17px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/26px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/34px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Catatan_atas" title="Wikipedia:Catatan atas">Catatan atas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Panjang_artikel" title="Wikipedia:Panjang artikel">Panjang artikel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Halaman_pembicaraan" title="Wikipedia:Halaman pembicaraan">Halaman pembicaraan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Jangan_ragu_menyunting_artikel" title="Wikipedia:Jangan ragu menyunting artikel">Jangan ragu menyunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Subhalaman" title="Wikipedia:Subhalaman">Subhalaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tanda_tangani_pembicaraan_Anda_pada_halaman_diskusi" title="Wikipedia:Tanda tangani pembicaraan Anda pada halaman diskusi">Tanda tangani pembicaraan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Daftar" title="Wikipedia:Daftar">Daftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_gaya_(aksesibilitas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Manual gaya (aksesibilitas)">Manual gaya (aksesibilitas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pedoman_gaya" title="Wikipedia:Pedoman gaya">Pedoman gaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pedoman_tata_letak" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Pedoman tata letak">Pedoman tata letak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pedoman_penulisan_tanggal_dan_angka" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Pedoman penulisan tanggal dan angka">Penulisan tanggal dan angka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_luar" title="Wikipedia:Pranala luar">Pranala luar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategori,_daftar,_dan_templat_navigasi" title="Wikipedia:Kategori, daftar, dan templat navigasi">Kategori, daftar, dan templat navigasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorisasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Kategorisasi">Kategorisasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat" title="Wikipedia:Templat">Templat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Memelihara</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kebijakan"><img alt="Kebijakan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/17px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/34px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_penghapusan" title="Wikipedia:Kebijakan penghapusan">Kebijakan penghapusan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_pelindungan" title="Wikipedia:Kebijakan pelindungan">Kebijakan pelindungan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penghapusan_revisi" title="Wikipedia:Penghapusan revisi">Penghapusan revisi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pedoman"><img alt="Pedoman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/17px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/26px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/34px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Meninjau_perubahan_tertunda" title="Wikipedia:Meninjau perubahan tertunda">Meninjau perubahan tertunda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bertingkah laku</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kebijakan"><img alt="Kebijakan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/17px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/34px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Halaman_serangan" title="Wikipedia:Halaman serangan">Halaman serangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Jangan_terbebani_aturan" title="Wikipedia:Jangan terbebani aturan">Jangan terbebani aturan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_keamanan_penyuntingan" title="Wikipedia:Kebijakan keamanan penyuntingan">Keamanan dalam menyunting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_keamanan_penyuntingan/Pedoman_penanganan" title="Wikipedia:Kebijakan keamanan penyuntingan/Pedoman penanganan">pedoman penanganan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Konsensus" title="Wikipedia:Konsensus">Konsensus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pengguna_siluman" title="Wikipedia:Pengguna siluman">Pengguna siluman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perang_suntingan" title="Wikipedia:Perang suntingan">Perang suntingan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_pembatasan_penyuntingan" title="Wikipedia:Kebijakan pembatasan penyuntingan">Pembatasan penyuntingan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pedoman"><img alt="Pedoman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/17px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/26px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/34px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etikawiki" title="Wikipedia:Etikawiki">Etikawiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kesopanan" title="Wikipedia:Kesopanan">Kesopanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mempermainkan_sistem" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Mempermainkan sistem">Mempermainkan sistem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Asumsikan_niat_baik" title="Wikipedia:Asumsikan niat baik">Asumsikan niat baik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kepemilikan_artikel" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Kepemilikan artikel">Kepemilikan artikel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Keamanan_akun_pengguna" title="Wikipedia:Keamanan akun pengguna">Keamanan akun pengguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penyelesaian_perselisihan" title="Wikipedia:Penyelesaian perselisihan">Penyelesaian perselisihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cara_mengamankan_data_pribadi_Anda" title="Wikipedia:Cara mengamankan data pribadi Anda">Mengamankan data pribadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Jangan_menyerang_pribadi" title="Wikipedia:Jangan menyerang pribadi">Jangan menyerang pribadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Jangan_membuat_ancaman_hukum" title="Wikipedia:Jangan membuat ancaman hukum">Jangan membuat ancaman hukum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Jangan_menggigit_pengguna_baru" title="Wikipedia:Jangan menggigit pengguna baru">Jangan menggigit pengguna baru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Jangan_mengacau_untuk_membuktikan_sesuatu" title="Wikipedia:Jangan mengacau untuk membuktikan sesuatu">Jangan mengacau untuk membuktikan sesuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hukum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kebijakan"><img alt="Kebijakan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/17px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/34px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perlindungan_anak" title="Wikipedia:Perlindungan anak">Perlindungan anak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Memberitahukan_kontribusi_yang_dibayar" title="Wikipedia:Memberitahukan kontribusi yang dibayar">Memberitahukan kontribusi yang dibayar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hak_cipta" title="Wikipedia:Hak cipta">Hak cipta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Plagiarisme" title="Wikipedia:Plagiarisme">Plagiarisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kriteria_isi_nonbebas" title="Wikipedia:Kriteria isi nonbebas">Kriteria isi nonbebas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Isi_nonbebas/Revisi_2020" title="Wikipedia:Isi nonbebas/Revisi 2020">revisi 2020</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Proposal" title="Proposal"><img alt="Proposal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Purple_question_mark.png/17px-Purple_question_mark.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Purple_question_mark.png/26px-Purple_question_mark.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Purple_question_mark.png/34px-Purple_question_mark.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="88"/></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pelanggaran_hak_cipta" title="Wikipedia:Pelanggaran hak cipta">Pelanggaran hak cipta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Menggunakan_kembali_konten_Wikipedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Menggunakan kembali konten Wikipedia">Menggunakan kembali konten Wikipedia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Konten</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="17px&#124;link=&#124;alt=Pedoman&#124;Pedoman" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pedoman"><img alt="Pedoman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/17px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/26px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/34px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ruang_nama_proyek" title="Wikipedia:Ruang nama proyek">Ruang nama proyek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:ProyekWiki" title="Wikipedia:ProyekWiki">ProyekWiki</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Halaman_pengguna" title="Wikipedia:Halaman pengguna">Halaman pengguna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kotak_pengguna" title="Wikipedia:Kotak pengguna">Kotak pengguna</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rumah tangga</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kebijakan"><img alt="Kebijakan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/17px-Green_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/26px-Green_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Green_check.svg/34px-Green_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pengurus/Sistem_pemilihan_pengurus" title="Wikipedia:Pengurus/Sistem pemilihan pengurus">Sistem pemilihan pengurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Prosedur_penetapan_kebijakan_dan_pedoman" title="Wikipedia:Prosedur penetapan kebijakan dan pedoman">Prosedur penetapan kebijakan dan pedoman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left; font-weight: normal;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Pedoman"><img alt="Pedoman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/17px-Blue_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/26px-Blue_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Blue_check.svg/34px-Blue_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pedoman_penyerapan_istilah" title="Wikipedia:Pedoman penyerapan istilah">Penyerapan istilah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Panduan_dalam_menerjemahkan_artikel" title="Wikipedia:Panduan dalam menerjemahkan artikel">Pedoman penerjemahan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kebijakan_Wikipedia" title="Kategori:Kebijakan Wikipedia">Kebijakan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pedoman_Wikipedia" title="Kategori:Pedoman Wikipedia">Pedoman</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kamus" title="Wikipedia:Kamus">Kamus istilah</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bantuan_teknis_Wikipedia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Bantuan_teknis" title="Templat:Bantuan teknis"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Bantuan_teknis" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Bantuan teknis"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Bantuan_teknis&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bantuan_teknis_Wikipedia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Indeks" title="Bantuan:Indeks">Bantuan teknis Wikipedia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b>Untuk mendapat bantuan teknis pribadi, kunjungi <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi_(Bantuan)" title="Wikipedia:Warung Kopi (Bantuan)">Warung Kopi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi/Meja_penolong" title="Wikipedia:Warung Kopi/Meja penolong">Beranda Bantuan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi_(Teknis)" title="Wikipedia:Warung Kopi (Teknis)">Warung Kopi (Teknis)</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengantar_halaman_pembicaraan/1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Pengantar halaman pembicaraan/1 (halaman belum tersedia)">halaman pembicaraan</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Komunitas_Wikipedia_bahasa_Indonesia" title="Wikipedia:Komunitas Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia">Komunitas WBI</a>.</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tanya_jawab_(Teknis)" title="Wikipedia:Tanya jawab (Teknis)">Tanya jawab teknis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid #BFBFBF;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Menyunting_sebuah_halaman" title="Wikipedia:Menyunting sebuah halaman">Menyunting sebuah halaman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Bilah_alat_penyunting" title="Bantuan:Bilah alat penyunting">Bilah alat penyunting</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:CharInsert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:CharInsert (halaman belum tersedia)">CharInsert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Konflik_penyuntingan" title="Bantuan:Konflik penyuntingan">Konflik penyuntingan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Mengembalikan_ke_revisi_sebelumnya" title="Bantuan:Mengembalikan ke revisi sebelumnya">Mengembalikan ke revisi sebelumnya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Validasi_halaman" title="Bantuan:Validasi halaman">Validasi halaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tulisan_rintisan" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Tulisan rintisan">Tulisan rintisan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor/Panduan" title="Wikipedia:VisualEditor/Panduan">VisualEditor/Panduan pengguna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Memulai_halaman_baru" title="Wikipedia:Memulai halaman baru">Memulai halaman baru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Versi_terdahulu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:Versi terdahulu">Versi terdahulu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Informasi_halaman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Informasi halaman (halaman belum tersedia)">Informasi halaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pedoman_penamaan" title="Wikipedia:Pedoman penamaan">Pedoman penamaan halaman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Nama_halaman" title="Bantuan:Nama halaman">Nama halaman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Penjelajah_web" title="Wikipedia:Penjelajah web">Penjelajah web</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Kunci_pintas" title="Bantuan:Kunci pintas">Kunci pintas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Troubleshooting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Troubleshooting (halaman belum tersedia)">Troubleshooting</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Menghindari_tembolok&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Menghindari tembolok (halaman belum tersedia)">Menghindari tembolok</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Akses_mobile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Akses mobile (halaman belum tersedia)">Akses mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Dukungan_multibahasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Dukungan multibahasa (halaman belum tersedia)">Dukungan multibahasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Karakter_istimewa" title="Bantuan:Karakter istimewa">Karakter istimewa</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Memasukkan_karakter_istimewa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Memasukkan karakter istimewa (halaman belum tersedia)">Memasukkannya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Mencetak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Mencetak (halaman belum tersedia)">Mencetak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kelompok_pengguna" title="Wikipedia:Kelompok pengguna">Kelompok pengguna</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Pemberitahuan_perangkat_lunak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Pemberitahuan perangkat lunak (halaman belum tersedia)">Pemberitahuan perangkat lunak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pemberitahuan_sunting" title="Wikipedia:Pemberitahuan sunting">Pemberitahuan sunting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Komunitas_Wikipedia_bahasa_Indonesia#IRC" title="Wikipedia:Komunitas Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia">IRC WBI</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:IRC/Tutorial (halaman belum tersedia)">Tutorial IRC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengawasan_otoritas" title="Bantuan:Pengawasan otoritas">Pengawasan otoritas</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="12" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Bantuan Teknis Wikipedia Bahasa Indonesia"><img alt="Bantuan Teknis Wikipedia Bahasa Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_warning_blue_construction.svg/100px-Ambox_warning_blue_construction.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_warning_blue_construction.svg/150px-Ambox_warning_blue_construction.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_warning_blue_construction.svg/200px-Ambox_warning_blue_construction.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="378" data-file-height="326"/></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terkait <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Halaman_istimewa" title="Bantuan:Halaman istimewa">halaman istimewa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid #BFBFBF;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Halaman_istimewa" title="Bantuan:Halaman istimewa">Bantuan mengenai halaman istimewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pencarian" title="Bantuan:Pencarian">Pencarian</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Linksearch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Linksearch (halaman belum tersedia)">Pencarian pranala luar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Masuk_log" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:Masuk log">Masuk log</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mengubah_kata_sandi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Mengubah kata sandi (halaman belum tersedia)">Mengubah kata sandi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pemberitahuan" title="Wikipedia:Pemberitahuan">Pemberitahuan</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Pemberitahuan/FAQ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Pemberitahuan/FAQ (halaman belum tersedia)">FAQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengalihan" title="Bantuan:Pengalihan">Pengalihan</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Administrators%27_guide/Fixing_cut-and-paste_moves&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Administrators' guide/Fixing cut-and-paste moves (halaman belum tersedia)">Fixing cut-and-paste moves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Daftar_pantauan" title="Bantuan:Daftar pantauan">Daftar pantauan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Kontribusi_pengguna" title="Bantuan:Kontribusi pengguna">Kontribusi pengguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Surat_elektronik" title="Wikipedia:Surat elektronik">Mengirim email ke pengguna</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Halaman_sembarang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Halaman sembarang (halaman belum tersedia)">Halaman sembarang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Log&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Log (halaman belum tersedia)">Log</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pranala_balik" title="Bantuan:Pranala balik">Pranala balik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Perubahan_terkait" title="Bantuan:Perubahan terkait">Perubahan terkait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Perubahan_terbaru" title="Bantuan:Perubahan terbaru">Perubahan terbaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perubahan_tertunda" title="Wikipedia:Perubahan tertunda">Perubahan tertunda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Page_Curation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Page Curation (halaman belum tersedia)">Page Curation</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Impor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Impor (halaman belum tersedia)">Impor halaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Filter_penyuntingan" title="Wikipedia:Filter penyuntingan">Filter penyuntingan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Tag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Tag (halaman belum tersedia)">Tag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Markah_wiki" title="Wikipedia:Markah wiki">Markah wiki</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid #BFBFBF;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Markah_wiki" title="Wikipedia:Markah wiki">Halaman utama mengenai markah wiki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Ikhtisar_kode_perintah" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:Ikhtisar kode perintah">Ikhtisar kode perintah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Penggunaan_warna" title="Bantuan:Penggunaan warna">Penggunaan warna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Halaman_multikolom" title="Bantuan:Halaman multikolom">Halaman multikolom</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Line-break_handling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Line-break handling (halaman belum tersedia)">Line-break handling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Daftar" title="Bantuan:Daftar">Daftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Kata_ajaib" title="Bantuan:Kata ajaib">Kata ajaib</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Kata_ajaib_untuk_pemula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Kata ajaib untuk pemula (halaman belum tersedia)">Untuk pemula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Variabel" title="Bantuan:Variabel">Variabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:ParserFunctions" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:ParserFunctions">ParserFunctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Fungsi_parser" title="Bantuan:Fungsi parser">Fungsi parser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Fungsi_parser_switch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Fungsi parser switch (halaman belum tersedia)">Fungsi parser <i>switch</i></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Fungsi_time&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Fungsi time (halaman belum tersedia)">Fungsi <i>time</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengalihan" title="Bantuan:Pengalihan">Pengalihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Bagian" title="Bantuan:Bagian">Bagian dan Daftar isi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Tabel" class="mw-disambig" title="Bantuan:Tabel">Tabel</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Introduction_to_tables_with_Wiki_Markup/1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Introduction to tables with Wiki Markup/1 (halaman belum tersedia)">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Basic_table_markup&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Basic table markup (halaman belum tersedia)">Basics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Conditional_tables&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Conditional tables (halaman belum tersedia)">Conditional tables</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Sorting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Sorting (halaman belum tersedia)">Sorting</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Collapsing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Collapsing (halaman belum tersedia)">Collapsing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Advanced_table_formatting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Advanced table formatting (halaman belum tersedia)">Advanced table formatting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengawasan_otoritas" title="Bantuan:Pengawasan otoritas">Pengawasan otoritas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pranala" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:Pranala">Pranala</a> & <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Perbedaan" title="Bantuan:Perbedaan">beda/<i>diff</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid #BFBFBF;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:URL" title="Bantuan:URL">URL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tutorial_(Pranala)" title="Wikipedia:Tutorial (Pranala)">Pranala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pranala_permanen" title="Bantuan:Pranala permanen">Pranala permanen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_interwikimedia" title="Wikipedia:Pranala interwikimedia">Pranala interwikimedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pranala_antarbahasa" title="Bantuan:Pranala antarbahasa">Pranala antarbahasa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Warna_pranala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Warna pranala (halaman belum tersedia)">Warna pranala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pranala_pipa" title="Bantuan:Pranala pipa">Pranala pipa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Trik_tanda_titik_dua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Trik tanda titik dua (halaman belum tersedia)">Trik tanda titik dua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Jangkar" title="Bantuan:Jangkar">Jangkar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Magic_links&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Magic links (halaman belum tersedia)">Magic links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Perbedaan" title="Bantuan:Perbedaan">Perbedaan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Panduan_diff_yang_paling_sederhana" title="Wikipedia:Panduan diff yang paling sederhana">Panduan <i>diff</i> yang paling sederhana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Panduan_diff_dan_pranala_sederhana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Panduan diff dan pranala sederhana (halaman belum tersedia)">Panduan <i>diff</i> dan pranala sederhana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Panduan_diff_dan_pranala_lengkap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Panduan diff dan pranala lengkap (halaman belum tersedia)">Panduan <i>diff</i> dan pranala lengkap</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Audio, video dan berkas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid #BFBFBF;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Memainkan_berkas_media" title="Wikipedia:Memainkan berkas media">Memainkan berkas media</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Options_to_hide_an_image&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Options to hide an image (halaman belum tersedia)">Options to hide an image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengunggahan" title="Bantuan:Pengunggahan">Pengunggahan berkas</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Introduction_to_images_with_Wiki_Markup/1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Introduction to images with Wiki Markup/1 (halaman belum tersedia)">Introduction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Berkas" title="Bantuan:Berkas">Berkas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Media" title="Bantuan:Media">Pemuatan berkas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Memindahkan_berkas_ke_Commons" title="Wikipedia:Memindahkan berkas ke Commons">Memindahkan berkas ke Commons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Markah_berkas_visual&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Markah berkas visual (halaman belum tersedia)">Markah berkas visual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gambar" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Gambar">Gambar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mengunggah_gambar" title="Wikipedia:Mengunggah gambar">Mengunggah gambar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Mempersiapkan_gambar_untuk_diunggah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Mempersiapkan gambar untuk diunggah (halaman belum tersedia)">Mempersiapkan gambar untuk diunggah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tutorial_(Berkas)" title="Wikipedia:Tutorial (Berkas)">Tutorial gambar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Extended_image_syntax&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Extended image syntax (halaman belum tersedia)">Extended image syntax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Memperbaiki_pranala_sunting_yang_bertumpuk" title="Bantuan:Memperbaiki pranala sunting yang bertumpuk">Perbaikan pranala berkas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galeri" title="Bantuan:Galeri">Galeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tutorial_grafis" title="Wikipedia:Tutorial grafis">Tutorial grafis</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Basic_bitmap_image_editing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Basic bitmap image editing (halaman belum tersedia)">Basic bitmap image editing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:How_to_improve_image_quality&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:How to improve image quality (halaman belum tersedia)">How to improve image quality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Graphics_Lab/Resources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Graphics Lab/Resources (halaman belum tersedia)">Graphics Lab resources</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Markah_berkas_suara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Markah berkas suara (halaman belum tersedia)">Markah berkas suara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Bantuan_SVG&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Bantuan SVG (halaman belum tersedia)">Bantuan SVG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grafik lainnya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid #BFBFBF;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Silsilah" title="Bantuan:Silsilah">Silsilah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Grafik_dan_bagan" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Grafik dan bagan">Grafik dan bagan</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Cara_membuat_bagan_untuk_artikel_Wikipedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Cara membuat bagan untuk artikel Wikipedia (halaman belum tersedia)">Cara membuat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:To_scale_charts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:To scale charts (halaman belum tersedia)">To scale charts</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Barchart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Barchart (halaman belum tersedia)">Barchart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Menampilkan_rumus" title="Bantuan:Menampilkan rumus">Menampilkan rumus</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Simbol_matematika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Simbol matematika (halaman belum tersedia)">Simbol matematika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Rendering_math&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Rendering math (halaman belum tersedia)">Rendering math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:LaTeX" title="Bantuan:LaTeX">LaTeX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Score&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Score (halaman belum tersedia)"><i>Score</i> musik</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Simbol_musik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Simbol musik (halaman belum tersedia)">Simbol musik</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lini_waktu" title="Wikipedia:Lini waktu">Lini waktu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Garis_waktu" title="Bantuan:Garis waktu">Bantuan mengenai garis waktu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Sintaks_EasyTimeline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Sintaks EasyTimeline (halaman belum tersedia)">Sintaks EasyTimeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Sintaks_WikiHiero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Sintaks WikiHiero (halaman belum tersedia)">Sintaks WikiHiero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat" title="Wikipedia:Templat">Templat</a><br/>dan <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Modul" title="Kategori:Modul">modul</a> <a href="/wiki/Lua_(bahasa_pemrograman)" title="Lua (bahasa pemrograman)">Lua</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid #BFBFBF;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Templat" title="Bantuan:Templat">Templat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat_berisiko_tinggi" title="Wikipedia:Templat berisiko tinggi">Berisiko tinggi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Pembicaraan_pengguna" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Pembicaraan pengguna">Bicara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Gambar" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Gambar">Gambar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Templat/Kategori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Kategori (halaman belum tersedia)">Kategori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Kotak_info" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Kotak info">Kotak info</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Kutipan" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Kutipan">Kutipan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Navigasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Navigasi">Navigasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Pranala" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Pranala">Pautan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Pemeliharaan" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Pemeliharaan">Pemeliharaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Perapian" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Perapian">Perapian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Rintisan" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Rintisan">Rintisan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Referensi" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Referensi">Referensi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Umum" class="mw-disambig" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Umum">Umum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kotak_pengguna" title="Wikipedia:Kotak pengguna">Kotak Pengguna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Transklusi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Transklusi">Transklusi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Transklusi_bagian_berlabel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Transklusi bagian berlabel (halaman belum tersedia)">Bagian berlabel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Substitusi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Substitusi (halaman belum tersedia)">Substitusi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Pengodean_templat_lanjutan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Pengodean templat lanjutan (halaman belum tersedia)">Pengodean templat lanjutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Batasan_templat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Batasan templat (halaman belum tersedia)">Batasan templat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir_templat_dan_kasus_uji" title="Wikipedia:Bak pasir templat dan kasus uji">Bak pasir templat dan kasus uji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Dokumentasi_templat" title="Wikipedia:Dokumentasi templat">Dokumentasi templat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Purge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Purge (halaman belum tersedia)">Hapus singgahan</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Job_queue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Job queue (halaman belum tersedia)">Job queue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Lua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Lua (halaman belum tersedia)">Bantuan Lua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Proyek Lua</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Lua/To_do&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Lua/To do (halaman belum tersedia)">To do</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Lua/Resources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Lua/Resources (halaman belum tersedia)">Resources</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Panduan_Scribble&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Panduan Scribble (halaman belum tersedia)">Panduan Scribble</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stuktur data</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid #BFBFBF;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ruang_nama" title="Wikipedia:Ruang nama">Ruang nama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Apa_yang_dinamakan_artikel" title="Wikipedia:Apa yang dinamakan artikel">Apa yang dinamakan artikel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Catatan_atas" title="Wikipedia:Catatan atas">Catatan atas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Panjang_artikel" title="Wikipedia:Panjang artikel">Panjang artikel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Halaman_pembicaraan" title="Wikipedia:Halaman pembicaraan">Halaman pembicaraan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mengirim_pesan_melalui_halaman_bicara_pengguna" title="Wikipedia:Mengirim pesan melalui halaman bicara pengguna">Bicara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Mengarsipkan_halaman_pembicaraan" title="Bantuan:Mengarsipkan halaman pembicaraan">Mengarsipkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengarsipan_otomatis" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:Pengarsipan otomatis">Pengarsipan otomatis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Tanda_tangan" title="Bantuan:Tanda tangan">Tanda tangan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Halaman_pengguna" title="Wikipedia:Halaman pengguna">Halaman pengguna</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:User_page_design_center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:User page design center (halaman belum tersedia)">User page design</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ruang_nama_project&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Ruang nama project (halaman belum tersedia)">Project/Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Berkas" title="Bantuan:Berkas">Berkas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Halaman_deskripsi_berkas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:Halaman deskripsi berkas">Halaman deskripsi berkas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Ruang_nama_MediaWiki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Ruang nama MediaWiki (halaman belum tersedia)">MediaWiki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Phabricator" title="Wikipedia:Phabricator">Phabricator</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pesan_sistem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Pesan sistem (halaman belum tersedia)">Pesan sistem</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Ruang_nama_templat" title="Wikipedia:Ruang nama templat">Templat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Ruang_nama_bantuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Ruang nama bantuan (halaman belum tersedia)">Bantuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Kategori" title="Bantuan:Kategori">Kategori</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pedoman_penamaan/Kategori" title="Wikipedia:Pedoman penamaan/Kategori">Penamaan kategori</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Buku" title="Wikipedia:Buku">Buku</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:TimedMediaHandler" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:TimedMediaHandler">TimedText</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Lua" title="Wikipedia:Lua">Modul/Lua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Flow" title="Wikipedia:Flow">Flow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Halaman_istimewa" title="Bantuan:Halaman istimewa">Halaman istimewa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid #BFBFBF;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Menggunakan_kode_HTML_di_Wikipedia" title="Bantuan:Menggunakan kode HTML di Wikipedia">Menggunakan kode HTML di Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Validasi_markah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Validasi markah (halaman belum tersedia)">Validasi markah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Tag_span&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Tag span (halaman belum tersedia)">Tag <i>span</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:CSS" title="Bantuan:CSS">CSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Katalog_kelas_CSS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Katalog kelas CSS">Katalog kelas CSS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Gaya_yang_berguna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Gaya yang berguna (halaman belum tersedia)">Gaya yang berguna</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:WikiProject_Microformats/classes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Microformats/classes (halaman belum tersedia)">Classes used in microformats</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Kelas_CSS_Ambox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Kelas CSS Ambox (halaman belum tersedia)">Kelas Ambox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Common.js_dan_common.css" title="Wikipedia:Common.js dan common.css">Common.js dan common.css</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:User_CSS_for_a_monospaced_coding_font&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:User CSS for a monospaced coding font (halaman belum tersedia)">User CSS for monospaced coding font</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kustomisasi" title="Wikipedia:Kustomisasi">Kustomisasi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Peralatan" title="Wikipedia:Peralatan">peralatan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid #BFBFBF;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Preferensi" title="Bantuan:Preferensi">Preferensi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kulit" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Kulit">Kulit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Menyesuaikan_daftar_pantauan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Menyesuaikan daftar pantauan (halaman belum tersedia)">Menyesuaikan daftar pantauan</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Sembunyikan_halaman_dalam_daftar_pantauan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantuan:Sembunyikan halaman dalam daftar pantauan (halaman belum tersedia)">Menyembunyikan halaman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perkakas" title="Wikipedia:Perkakas">Perkakas</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Beta_Features" class="extiw" title="mw:Beta Features">Fitur Beta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Skrip_pengguna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Skrip pengguna (halaman belum tersedia)">Skrip pengguna</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Skrip_pengguna/Panduan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Skrip pengguna/Panduan (halaman belum tersedia)">Panduan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Skrip_pengguna/Teknik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Skrip pengguna/Teknik (halaman belum tersedia)">Teknik</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Skrip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Skrip (halaman belum tersedia)">Skrip IRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:User_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:User style">Gaya pengguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Peralatan" title="Wikipedia:Peralatan">Peralatan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Interproyek" title="Wikipedia:Interproyek">Interproyek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:LinkFA" title="Wikipedia:LinkFA">LinkFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Sembunyikan_dan_tampilkan" title="Bantuan:Sembunyikan dan tampilkan">Sembunyikan dan tampilkan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Peralatan/Pintasan_navigasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Peralatan/Pintasan navigasi (halaman belum tersedia)">Pintasan navigasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Peralatan/Peralatan_peramban&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Peralatan/Peralatan peramban (halaman belum tersedia)">Peralatan peramban</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Peralatan/Peramban_alternatif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Peralatan/Peramban alternatif (halaman belum tersedia)">Peramban alternatif</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Peralatan/Peralatan_penyuntingan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Peralatan/Peralatan penyuntingan (halaman belum tersedia)">Peralatan penyuntingan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Peralatan/Optimum_tool_set&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Peralatan/Optimum tool set (halaman belum tersedia)">Optimum tool set</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Cleaning_up_vandalism/Tools&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Cleaning up vandalism/Tools (halaman belum tersedia)">Cleaning up vandalism tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Peralatan_sitasi" title="Bantuan:Peralatan sitasi">Peralatan sitasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Wikimedia_Cloud_Services&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia Cloud Services (halaman belum tersedia)">Wikimedia Cloud Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Bilah_alat_penyunting" title="Bantuan:Bilah alat penyunting">Bilah alat penyunting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Penyuntingan otomatis</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid #BFBFBF;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bot" title="Wikipedia:Bot">Bot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Bot" title="Bantuan:Bot">Membuat Bot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bot/Permohonan" title="Wikipedia:Bot/Permohonan">Permohonan Bot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Twinkle" title="Wikipedia:Twinkle">Twinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:HotCat" title="Wikipedia:HotCat">HotCat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:WPCleaner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:WPCleaner (halaman belum tersedia)">WPCleaner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Igloo" title="Wikipedia:Igloo">igloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser" title="Wikipedia:AutoWikiBrowser">AutoWikiBrowser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Peralatan/Popup_navigasi" title="Wikipedia:Peralatan/Popup navigasi">Popup navigasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:STiki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:STiki (halaman belum tersedia)">STiki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:WikiProject_Articles_for_creation/Helper_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Articles for creation/Helper script (halaman belum tersedia)">AfC helper script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Huggle" title="Wikipedia:Huggle">Huggle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pengodean_karakter" title="Pengodean karakter">Pengodean karakter</a> & <br/> <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Dukungan_multibahasa_Wikipedia" title="Kategori:Dukungan multibahasa Wikipedia">Multibahasa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;border:1px solid #BFBFBF;background:#FFFFFF;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Bahasa_Jepang" title="Bantuan:Bahasa Jepang">Bahasa Jepang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Bahasa_Arab" title="Bantuan:Bahasa Arab">Bahasa Arab</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pengucapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Sokongan_multibahasa_(Asia_Timur)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:Sokongan multibahasa (Asia Timur)">Sokongan multibahasa (Asia Timur)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b>Lihat pula: <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Bantuan" title="Kategori:Bantuan">Kategori:Bantuan</a></b> <br/> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami" title="Wikipedia:Hubungi kami">Hubungi kami</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Bantuan:Isi">Bantuan:Isi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pedoman_gaya" title="Wikipedia:Pedoman gaya">Pedoman gaya</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tutorial" title="Wikipedia:Tutorial">Tutorial</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman" title="Wikipedia:Kebijakan dan pedoman">Kebijakan dan pedoman</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Catatan_kaki" title="Bantuan:Catatan kaki">Catatan kaki</a> • <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Rujukan" title="Bantuan:Rujukan">Rujukan</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Panduan_menulis" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Panduan_menulis" title="Templat:Panduan menulis"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Panduan_menulis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Panduan menulis (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Panduan_menulis&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Panduan_menulis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Panduan menulis</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table style="width:96%"><tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pertama_Anda" title="Wikipedia:Artikel pertama Anda">Membuat sebuah artikel</a></b><br/>Mari kita mulai</td> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pedoman_tata_letak" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Pedoman tata letak">Tata letak</a></b><br/>Struktur visual artikel</td> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_yang_sempurna" title="Wikipedia:Artikel yang sempurna">Artikel yang sempurna</a></b><br/>Daftar periksa komponen artikel</td> </tr><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pengembangan_artikel" title="Wikipedia:Pengembangan artikel">Pengembangan artikel</a></b><br/>Tahap yang disarankan untuk sebuah artikel</td> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pedoman_gaya" title="Wikipedia:Pedoman gaya">Pedoman gaya</a></b><br/>Pedoman gaya menulis komprehensif</td> <td style="vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Panduan_menulis_artikel_yang_lebih_baik" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Panduan menulis artikel yang lebih baik">Menulis artikel yang lebih baik</a></b><br/>Kumpulan nasihat</td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Templat_di_Wikipedia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Templat_Wikipedia" title="Templat:Templat Wikipedia"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Templat_Wikipedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Templat Wikipedia (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Templat_Wikipedia&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Templat_di_Wikipedia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat" title="Wikipedia:Templat">Templat di Wikipedia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat_berisiko_tinggi" title="Wikipedia:Templat berisiko tinggi">Berisiko tinggi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Pembicaraan_pengguna" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Pembicaraan pengguna">Bicara</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Gambar" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Gambar">Gambar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Templat/Kategori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Kategori (halaman belum tersedia)">Kategori</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Kotak_info" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Kotak info">Kotak info</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Navigasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Navigasi">Navigasi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Pranala" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Pranala">Pranala</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Pemeliharaan" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Pemeliharaan">Pemeliharaan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Perapian" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Perapian">Perapian</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Rintisan" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Rintisan">Rintisan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Kutipan" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Kutipan">Kutipan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Referensi" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Referensi">Referensi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templat/Umum" class="mw-disambig" title="Wikipedia:Templat/Umum">Umum</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kotak_pengguna" title="Wikipedia:Kotak pengguna">Kotak Pengguna</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Daftar_Wikipedia_dalam_berbagai_bahasa_di_dunia_menurut_jumlah_artikel" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Wikipedia" title="Templat:Wikipedia"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Wikipedia" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Wikipedia"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Wikipedia&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Daftar_Wikipedia_dalam_berbagai_bahasa_di_dunia_menurut_jumlah_artikel" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_Wikipedia" title="Daftar Wikipedia">Daftar Wikipedia</a> dalam berbagai bahasa di dunia menurut jumlah artikel</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">6.000.000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Inggris" title="Wikipedia bahasa Inggris">Inggris</a> (<code><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="en:">en</a></code>) (6.912.421)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Ceb%C3%BA" title="Wikipedia bahasa Cebú">Cebú</a> (<code><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ceb:">ceb</a></code>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2.000.000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Jerman" title="Wikipedia bahasa Jerman">Jerman</a> (<code><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="de:">de</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Prancis" title="Wikipedia bahasa Prancis">Prancis</a> (<code><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="fr:">fr</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Swedia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Swedia">Swedia</a> (<code><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="sw:">sw</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Belanda" title="Wikipedia bahasa Belanda">Belanda</a> (<code><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="nl:">nl</a></code>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1.000.000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Arab" title="Wikipedia bahasa Arab">Arab</a> (<code><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ar:">ar</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Arab_Mesir" title="Wikipedia bahasa Arab Mesir">Arab Mesir</a> (<code><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="arz:">arz</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Italia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Italia">Italia</a> (<code><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="it:">it</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Jepang" title="Wikipedia bahasa Jepang">Jepang</a> (<code><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ja:">ja</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Persia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Persia">Persia</a> (<code><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="fa:">fa</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Polandia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Polandia">Polandia</a> (<code><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="pl:">pl</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Portugis" title="Wikipedia bahasa Portugis">Portugis</a> (<code><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="pt:">pt</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Rusia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Rusia">Rusia</a> (<code><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ru:">ru</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Spanyol" title="Wikipedia bahasa Spanyol">Spanyol</a> (<code><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="es:">es</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Mandarin" title="Wikipedia bahasa Mandarin">Tionghoa (Bahasa Mandarin)</a> (<code><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="zh:">zh</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Ukraina" title="Wikipedia bahasa Ukraina">Ukraina</a> (<code><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="uk:">uk</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Vietnam" title="Wikipedia bahasa Vietnam">Vietnam</a> (<code><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="vi:">vi</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Waray" title="Wikipedia bahasa Waray">Waray</a> (<code><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="war:">war</a></code>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100.000<br/>–999.999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Afrikaans" title="Wikipedia bahasa Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a> (<code><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="af:">af</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Armenia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Armenia">Armenia</a> (<code><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="hy:">hy</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Azerbaijan" title="Wikipedia bahasa Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> (<code><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="az:">az</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Basque" title="Wikipedia bahasa Basque">Basque</a> (<code><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="eu:">eu</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Belarus" title="Wikipedia bahasa Belarus">Belarus</a> (<code><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="be:">be</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Bengali" title="Wikipedia bahasa Bengali">Bengali</a> (<code><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="bn:">bn</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Bulgaria" title="Wikipedia bahasa Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> (<code><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="bg:">bg</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Burma" title="Wikipedia bahasa Burma">Burma</a> (<code><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="my:">my</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Catalonia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Catalonia">Catalonia</a> (<code><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ca:">ca</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Chechnya" title="Wikipedia bahasa Chechnya">Chechnya</a> (<code><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ce:">ce</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Ceko" title="Wikipedia bahasa Ceko">Ceko</a> (<code><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="cs:">cs</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Denmark" title="Wikipedia bahasa Denmark">Denmark</a> (<code><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="da:">da</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Esperanto" title="Wikipedia bahasa Esperanto">Esperanto</a> (<code><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="eo:">eo</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Estonia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Estonia">Estonia</a> (<code><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="et:">et</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Finlandia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Finlandia">Finlandia</a> (<code><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="fi:">fi</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Galisia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Galisia">Galisia</a> (<code><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ga:">ga</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Georgia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Georgia">Georgia</a> (<code><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ka:">ka</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Hindi" title="Wikipedia bahasa Hindi">Hindi</a> (<code><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="hi:">hi</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Hungaria" title="Wikipedia bahasa Hungaria">Hungaria</a> (<code><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="hu:">hu</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Ibrani" title="Wikipedia bahasa Ibrani">Ibrani</a> (<code><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="he:">he</a></code>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Indonesia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia">Indonesia</a> (<code><a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" title="Halaman Utama">id</a></code>)</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Inggris_Sederhana" title="Wikipedia bahasa Inggris Sederhana">Inggris Sederhana</a> (<code><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="simple:">simple</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Kanton" title="Wikipedia bahasa Kanton">Kanton</a> (<code><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="zh-yue:">zh-yue</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Kazakh" title="Wikipedia bahasa Kazakh">Kazakh</a> (<code><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="kk:">kk</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Korea" title="Wikipedia bahasa Korea">Korea</a> (<code><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ko:">ko</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Kroasia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Kroasia">Kroasia</a> (<code><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="hr:">hr</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Latin" title="Wikipedia bahasa Latin">Latin</a> (<code><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="la:">la</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Latvia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Latvia">Latvia</a> (<code><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="lv:">lv</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Lituania" title="Wikipedia bahasa Lituania">Lituania</a> (<code><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="lt:">lt</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Makedonia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Makedonia">Makedonia</a> (<code><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="mk:">mk</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Melayu" title="Wikipedia bahasa Melayu">Melayu</a> (<code><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ms:">ms</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Min_Selatan" title="Wikipedia bahasa Min Selatan">Min Selatan</a> (<code><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="zh-min-nan:">zh-min-nan</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Minangkabau" title="Wikipedia bahasa Minangkabau">Minangkabau</a> (<code><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="min:">min</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Norwegia_Baru" title="Wikipedia bahasa Norwegia Baru">Norwegia Baru</a> (<code><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="nn:">nn</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Norwegia_Bokm%C3%A5l" title="Wikipedia bahasa Norwegia Bokmål">Norwegia Bokmål</a> (<code><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="no:">no</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Rumania" title="Wikipedia bahasa Rumania">Rumania</a> (<code><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ro:">ro</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Serbia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Serbia">Serbia</a> (<code><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="sr:">sr</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Serbo-Kroasia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Serbo-Kroasia">Serbo-Kroasia</a> (<code><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="sh:">sh</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Slovenia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Slovenia">Slovenia</a> (<code><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="sl:">sl</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Slowakia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Slowakia">Slowakia</a> (<code><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="sk:">sk</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Tamil" title="Wikipedia bahasa Tamil">Tamil</a> (<code><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ta:">ta</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Tatar" title="Wikipedia bahasa Tatar">Tatar</a> (<code><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="tt:">tt</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Thai" title="Wikipedia bahasa Thai">Thai</a> (<code><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="th:">th</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Turki" title="Wikipedia bahasa Turki">Turki</a> (<code><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="tr:">tr</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Urdu" title="Wikipedia bahasa Urdu">Urdu</a> (<code><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ur:">ur</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Uzbek" title="Wikipedia bahasa Uzbek">Uzbek</a> (<code><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="uz:">uz</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Yunani" title="Wikipedia bahasa Yunani">Yunani</a> (<code><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="el:">el</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Wales" title="Wikipedia bahasa Wales">Wales</a> (<code><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="cy:">cy</a></code>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">10.000<br/>–99.999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Aceh" title="Wikipedia bahasa Aceh">Aceh</a> (<code><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ace:">ace</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Albania" title="Wikipedia bahasa Albania">Albania</a> (<code><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="sq:">sq</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Alemannik" title="Wikipedia bahasa Alemannik">Alemannik</a> (<code><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="als:">als</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Aragon" title="Wikipedia bahasa Aragon">Aragon</a> (<code><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="an:">an</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Bali" title="Wikipedia bahasa Bali">Bali</a> (<code><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ban:">ban</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Banjar" title="Wikipedia bahasa Banjar">Banjar</a> (<code><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="bjn:">bjn</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Belarus" title="Wikipedia bahasa Belarus">Belarus (Taraškievica)</a> (<code><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="be-tarask:">be-tarask</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Bosnia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Bosnia">Bosnia</a> (<code><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="bs:">bs</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Brittany" title="Wikipedia bahasa Brittany">Brittany</a> (<code><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="br:">br</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Bugis" title="Wikipedia bahasa Bugis">Bugis</a> (<code><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="bug:">bug</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Chuvash" title="Wikipedia bahasa Chuvash">Chuvash</a> (<code><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="cv:">cv</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Gaelik_Skotlandia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Gaelik Skotlandia">Gaelik Skotlandia</a> (<code><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="gd:">gd</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Gorontalo" title="Wikipedia bahasa Gorontalo">Gorontalo</a> (<code><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="gor:">gor</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Gujarat" title="Wikipedia bahasa Gujarat">Gujarat</a> (<code><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="gu:">gu</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Kannada" title="Wikipedia bahasa Kannada">Kannada</a> (<code><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="kn:">kn</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Kreol_Haiti" title="Wikipedia bahasa Kreol Haiti">Kreol Haiti</a> (<code><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ht:">ht</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Islandia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Islandia">Islandia</a> (<code><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="is:">is</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Irlandia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Irlandia">Irlandia</a> (<code><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="it:">it</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Jawa" title="Wikipedia bahasa Jawa">Jawa</a> (<code><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="jv:">jv</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Kurdi" title="Wikipedia bahasa Kurdi">Kurdi (Kurmanji)</a> (<code><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ku:">ku</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Kirgiz" title="Wikipedia bahasa Kirgiz">Kirgiz</a> (<code><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ky:">ky</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Maithili" title="Wikipedia bahasa Maithili">Maithili</a> (<code><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="mai:">mai</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Malayalam" title="Wikipedia bahasa Malayalam">Malayalam</a> (<code><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ml:">ml</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Mongol" title="Wikipedia bahasa Mongol">Mongol</a> (<code><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="mn:">mn</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Nepal" title="Wikipedia bahasa Nepal">Nepal</a> (<code><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ne:">ne</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Occitania" title="Wikipedia bahasa Occitania">Occitania</a> (<code><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="oc:">oc</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Ossetia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Ossetia">Ossetia</a> (<code><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="os:">os</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Piemonte" title="Wikipedia bahasa Piemonte">Piemonte</a> (<code><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="pms:">pms</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Samogitia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Samogitia">Samogitia</a> (<code><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="bat-smg:">bat-smg</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Sanskerta" title="Wikipedia bahasa Sanskerta">Sanskerta</a> (<code><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="sa:">sa</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Silesia" title="Wikipedia bahasa Silesia">Silesia</a> (<code><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="szl:">szl</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Skots" title="Wikipedia bahasa Skots">Skots</a> (<code><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="sco:">sco</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Sunda" title="Wikipedia bahasa Sunda">Sunda</a> (<code><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="su:">su</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Telugu" title="Wikipedia bahasa Telugu">Telugu</a> (<code><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="te:">te</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Tagalog" title="Wikipedia bahasa Tagalog">Tagalog</a> (<code><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="tl:">tl</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Tatar_Krimea" title="Wikipedia bahasa Tatar Krimea">Tatar Krimea</a> (<code><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="crh:">crh</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Volap%C3%BCk" title="Wikipedia bahasa Volapük">Volapük</a> (<code><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="vo:">vo</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Yoruba" title="Wikipedia bahasa Yoruba">Yoruba</a> (<code><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="yo:">yo</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Yiddi" title="Wikipedia bahasa Yiddi">Yiddi</a> (<code><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="yi:">yi</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Zulu" title="Wikipedia bahasa Zulu">Zulu</a> (<code><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="zu:">zu</a></code>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">>10.000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Aromania" title="Wikipedia bahasa Aromania">Aromania</a> (<code><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="roa-rup:">roa-rup</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Bambara" title="Wikipedia bahasa Bambara">Bambara</a> (<code><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="bm:">bm</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Betawi" title="Wikipedia bahasa Betawi">Betawi</a> (<code><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="bew:">bew</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Bhojpur" title="Wikipedia bahasa Bhojpur">Bhojpur</a> (<code><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="bh:">bh</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Gan" title="Wikipedia bahasa Gan">Gan</a> (<code><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="gan:">gan</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Kashmir" title="Wikipedia bahasa Kashmir">Kashmir</a> (<code><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ks:">ks</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Ladino" title="Wikipedia bahasa Ladino">Ladino</a> (<code><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="lad:">lad</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Madura" title="Wikipedia bahasa Madura">Madura</a> (<code><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="mad:">mad</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Nias" title="Wikipedia bahasa Nias">Nias</a> (<code><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="nia:">nia</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Pangasinan" title="Wikipedia bahasa Pangasinan">Pangasinan</a> (<code><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="pag:">pag</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Sami_Utara" title="Wikipedia bahasa Sami Utara">Sami Utara</a> (<code><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="smn:">smn</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Talish" title="Wikipedia bahasa Talish">Talish</a> (<code><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="tly:">tly</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Tulu" title="Wikipedia bahasa Tulu">Tulu</a> (<code><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="tcy:">tcy</a></code>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Uighur" title="Wikipedia bahasa Uighur">Uighur</a> (<code><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ug:">ug</a></code>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Lihat pula:</b> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Matriks_situs" title="Istimewa:Matriks situs">Daftar wiki Wikimedia</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan&oldid=23981472">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bantuan:Pengucapan&oldid=23981472</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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