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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Clan in Andhra Pradesh, India</div> <p> <b>Pemmasani Kamma Nayaks</b> were a ruling clan in the <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">south Indian</a> state of <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWagoner,_Tidings_of_the_king1993240_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWagoner,_Tidings_of_the_king1993240-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They came into prominence during Vijayanagara Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gandikota_2016_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gandikota_2016-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Muthevi_Ravindranath_2018_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Muthevi_Ravindranath_2018-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Stein_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stein-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Talikota" title="Battle of Talikota">Battle of Talikota</a> in 1565 AD, the collapse of Vijayanagara Empire led to the emergence of Pemmasani Nayakas in the <a href="/wiki/Rayalaseema" title="Rayalaseema">Rayalaseema</a> region. They belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Kamma_(caste)" title="Kamma (caste)">Kamma</a> social group.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin">Origin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemmasani_Nayaks&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Primary_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Primary_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>relies excessively on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">primary sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please improve this section by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">secondary or tertiary sources</a>. <br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Pemmasani+Nayaks%22">"Pemmasani Nayaks"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Pemmasani+Nayaks%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Pemmasani+Nayaks%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Pemmasani+Nayaks%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Pemmasani+Nayaks%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Pemmasani+Nayaks%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>According to Yadiki Kaifiat, Vijayanagara Emperor Phrauda Deva Raya granted Nayankarship of Yadiki to Pemmasani Timma Nayaka in 1424–1444 AD period marking the beginning of the rule of Pemmasani Nayaks. According to Tadipatri Kaifiat, Vijayanagara Emperor Sri Krishna Deva Raya granted Nayankarship of Tadipatri to Pemmasani Timma Nayaka between 1509 and 1529 AD period marking the beginning of the rule of Pemmasani Nayaks. After the collapse of Vijayanagara Empire in 1565 at the battle of Tallikota, Pemmasani Nayaks ruled Gandikota, Yadiki, Gutti and Tadipatri estates for over 100 years from 1565 to 1685.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemmasani_Nayaks&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pemmasani Nayaks are known to be the feudatory rulers of Gandikota in the sixteenth century, serving under <a href="/wiki/Aravidu_dynasty" title="Aravidu dynasty">Aravidu dynasty</a> (1542–1652), especially <a href="/wiki/Rama_Raya_(statesman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rama Raya (statesman)">Rama Raya</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Stein_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stein-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The late sixteenth century <a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a> text <i>Rayavachakamu</i> mentions <a href="/wiki/Pemmasani_Ramalinga_Nayudu" title="Pemmasani Ramalinga Nayudu">Pemmasani Ramalinga Nayudu</a> as a Kamma chief serving <a href="/wiki/Krishnadeva_Raya" class="mw-redirect" title="Krishnadeva Raya">Krishnadeva Raya</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 1509–1529</span>). It is not known whether he served Krishnadeva Raya or some later ruler.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Extent_of_rule">Extent of rule</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemmasani_Nayaks&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Extent of rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Pemmasani Nayaks ruled <a href="/wiki/Yadiki" title="Yadiki">Yadiki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gooty" title="Gooty">Gooty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tadipatri" title="Tadipatri">Tadipatri</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gandikota" title="Gandikota">Gandikota</a>. The maximum extent of Pemmasanis feudatorial influence ranged from <a href="/wiki/Gandikota" title="Gandikota">Gandikota</a> to <a href="/wiki/Kondapalli" title="Kondapalli">Kondapalli</a> during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Pemmasani_Ramalinga_Nayaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Pemmasani Ramalinga Nayaka">Pemmasani Ramalinga Nayaka</a> which includes areas like Gooty, Kondaveedu, Bellamkonda, Kanchi, Tadipatri, Yadaki.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pemmasanis helped <a href="/wiki/Aravidu_dynasty" title="Aravidu dynasty">Araveeti kings</a> to ascend the throne of great <a href="/wiki/Vijayanagar_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Vijayanagar Empire">Vijayanagar Empire</a> when there was power shift between Tuluva and <a href="/wiki/Araveedu" title="Araveedu">Araveedu</a> dynasties after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tallikota" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Tallikota">Battle of Tallikota</a> in 1565 A. D. where the Vijayanagar empire under Tuluva dynasty rule faced huge defeat against combined forces of Deccan Sultanates.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Pemmasanis played a crucial role in protecting the Vijayanagar empire. This is evident from the prime location of land that Vijayanagar kings have provided to Pemmasanis in <a href="/wiki/Hampi" title="Hampi">Hampi</a> as camp when they visited the city.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rule">Rule</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemmasani_Nayaks&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first ruler of Pemmasani clan was <a href="/wiki/Pemmasani_Timmanayudu" class="mw-redirect" title="Pemmasani Timmanayudu">Pemmasani Timmanayudu</a> who fought many a battle and won the trust of <a href="/wiki/Bukka_Raya" class="mw-redirect" title="Bukka Raya">Bukka Raya</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Veera Thimma had a son by name Chennappa who had two sons Ramalinga Naidu and Peda Thimma Naidu. Ramalinga ruled Gandikota (1509-1530 CE) during the time of <a href="/wiki/Krishna_Deva_Raya" class="mw-redirect" title="Krishna Deva Raya">Krishna Deva Raya</a>. Ramalinga had 80,000 soldiers under him and he played a crucial role in the victory of Krishna Deva Raya over the combined armies of <a href="/wiki/Gulbarga" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulbarga">Kalaburagi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Golkonda" class="mw-redirect" title="Golkonda">Golkonda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ahmednagar" title="Ahmednagar">Ahmednagar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His exploits in the battle were extolled by many <a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a> poets. He was the most feared by the Generals of <a href="/wiki/Bijapur_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Bijapur Sultanate">Bijapur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ahmednagar" title="Ahmednagar">Ahmednagar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Golconda" title="Golconda">Golconda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWagoner,_Tidings_of_the_king1993138–139_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWagoner,_Tidings_of_the_king1993138–139-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thimma Naidu II participated in the expeditions of <a href="/wiki/Krishna_Deva_Raya" class="mw-redirect" title="Krishna Deva Raya">Krishna Deva Raya</a> and captured <a href="/wiki/Udayagiri_Fort" title="Udayagiri Fort">Udayagiri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Addanki" title="Addanki">Addanki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kondapalli" title="Kondapalli">Kondapalli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rajahmundry" title="Rajahmundry">Rajahmundry</a> and Katakam (<a href="/wiki/Cuttack" title="Cuttack">Cuttack</a>). He also played a crucial role in the conquest of Ummattur.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the death of Krishna Deva Raya in 1529, his son-in-law <a href="/wiki/Rama_Raya_(statesman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rama Raya (statesman)">Rama Raya</a> took control of the kingdom. The Bahamani sultan colluded with Salakam Timmaraja and raided Vijayanagar. Ramaraya took refuge in Gandikota. Bangaru Thimma Naidu vanquished Bahamanis in a fierce battle at Komali, killed Salakam Timmaraja and restored the throne to Ramaraya.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kuruvikulam">Kuruvikulam</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemmasani_Nayaks&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Kuruvikulam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the battle of Talikota, one section of Gandikota Pemmasani family migrated to <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a> and established <a href="/wiki/Kuruvikulam" title="Kuruvikulam">Kuruvikulam</a> Zamindari. This is the most prominent Zamindari estate in <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>. It existed from 1565 to 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemmasani_Nayaks&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gandikota" title="Gandikota">Gandikota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamma_(caste)" title="Kamma (caste)">Kamma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemmasani_Ramalinga_Nayaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Pemmasani Ramalinga Nayaka">Pemmasani Ramalinga Nayaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemmasani_Timma_Nayaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Pemmasani Timma Nayaka">Pemmasani Timma Nayaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuruvikulam" title="Kuruvikulam">Kuruvikulam</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemmasani_Nayaks&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRamaswamy2014" class="citation cs2">Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CCqiAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA99">"Mapping migrations of South Indian weavers before, during and after the Vijayanagara Period: Thirteenth and Eighteenth Centuries"</a>, in Lucassen, Jan; Lucassen, Leo (eds.), <i>Globalising Migration History: The Eurasian Experience (16th-21st Centuries)</i>, BRILL, p. 99, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-27136-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-27136-4"><bdi>978-90-04-27136-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mapping+migrations+of+South+Indian+weavers+before%2C+during+and+after+the+Vijayanagara+Period%3A+Thirteenth+and+Eighteenth+Centuries&rft.btitle=Globalising+Migration+History%3A+The+Eurasian+Experience+%2816th-21st+Centuries%29&rft.pages=99&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-90-04-27136-4&rft.aulast=Ramaswamy&rft.aufirst=Vijaya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCCqiAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APemmasani+Nayaks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWagoner,_Tidings_of_the_king1993240-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWagoner,_Tidings_of_the_king1993240_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWagoner,_Tidings_of_the_king1993">Wagoner, Tidings of the king 1993</a>, p. 240.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_Reporter" class="citation news cs1">Staff Reporter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Vijayawada/stone-from-gandikota-fort-to-be-used/article7776577.ece">"Stone from Gandikota fort to be used"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Stone+from+Gandikota+fort+to+be+used&rft.au=Staff+Reporter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fcities%2FVijayawada%2Fstone-from-gandikota-fort-to-be-used%2Farticle7776577.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APemmasani+Nayaks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gandikota_2016-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gandikota_2016_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gandikota, by Tavva Obul Reddy, 2016, Telugu Samajam publishment</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Muthevi_Ravindranath_2018-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Muthevi_Ravindranath_2018_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Muthevi Ravindranath, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.logili.com/biography-autobiography/sri-krishnadevarayalu-vamsa-moolalu-muthevi-ravindranath/p-7488847-19899411326-cat.html#variant_id=7488847-19899411326">Sri Krishna deva rayalu vamsamoolalu</a>, Savithri Publications, 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.femina.in/life/travel/be-amazed-at-indias-grand-canyon-gandikota-andhra-pradesh-82639-2.html">"Be amazed at India's Grand Canyon: Gandikota, Andhra Pradesh"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Be+amazed+at+India%27s+Grand+Canyon%3A+Gandikota%2C+Andhra+Pradesh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.femina.in%2Flife%2Ftravel%2Fbe-amazed-at-indias-grand-canyon-gandikota-andhra-pradesh-82639-2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APemmasani+Nayaks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/travel/canyon-viewpoint-soak-in-some-natural-beauty-while-camping-along-pennar-river/articleshow/45885349.cms">"Canyon Viewpoint: Soak in some natural beauty while camping along Pennar river"</a>. <i>The Economic Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Canyon+Viewpoint%3A+Soak+in+some+natural+beauty+while+camping+along+Pennar+river&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Fmagazines%2Ftravel%2Fcanyon-viewpoint-soak-in-some-natural-beauty-while-camping-along-pennar-river%2Farticleshow%2F45885349.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APemmasani+Nayaks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stein-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stein_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stein_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vijayanagara, <a href="/wiki/Burton_Stein" title="Burton Stein">Burton Stein</a>, Cambridge University Press, 1989, p.88, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-26693-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-26693-9">0-521-26693-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWagoner1993">Wagoner 1993</a>, p. 240<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harvnb error: no target: CITEREFWagoner1993 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span>: Pemmasani Ramalingama Nayadu [mentioned in the text] belonged to the influential Pemmasani family that ruled the Gandikota-<i>sima</i> during the second half of the sixteenth century and provided several prominent ministers, including Pemmasani Timma, who served Vijayanagara under the Aravidu dynasty... It is not clear whether he served Krishnadevaraya or a later ruler.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Aristocracy of South India" by Vadivelu</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Krishnadeva Raya, M. Rama Rao, 1971, National Book Trust, New Delhi, p. 17</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWagoner,_Tidings_of_the_king1993138–139-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWagoner,_Tidings_of_the_king1993138–139_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWagoner,_Tidings_of_the_king1993">Wagoner, Tidings of the king 1993</a>, pp. 138–139.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Further Sources of Vijayanagar History by K. A. Nilakanta Sastry, 1946, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive.org/details/FurtherSourcesOfVijayanagaraHistory">https://archive.org/details/FurtherSourcesOfVijayanagaraHistory</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA._Vadivelu2016" class="citation book cs1">A. Vadivelu, ed. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oFwDWt2N29cC"><i>The Aristocracy of Southern India</i></a>. Mittal Publications. p. 168.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Aristocracy+of+Southern+India&rft.pages=168&rft.pub=Mittal+Publications&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoFwDWt2N29cC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APemmasani+Nayaks" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pemmasani_Nayaks&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWagoner,_Tidings_of_the_king1993" class="citation cs2">Wagoner, Phillip B. (1993), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_A1uAAAAMAAJ"><i>Tidings of the king: a translation and ethnohistorical analysis of the Rāyavācakamu</i></a>, University of Hawaii Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-1495-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8248-1495-3"><bdi>978-0-8248-1495-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tidings+of+the+king%3A+a+translation+and+ethnohistorical+analysis+of+the+R%C4%81yav%C4%81cakamu&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-8248-1495-3&rft.aulast=Wagoner&rft.aufirst=Phillip+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_A1uAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APemmasani+Nayaks" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pemmasani_Nayaks&oldid=1246213642">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pemmasani_Nayaks&oldid=1246213642</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nayak_dynasties" title="Category:Nayak dynasties">Nayak dynasties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Category:History of Andhra Pradesh">History of Andhra Pradesh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telugu_monarchs" title="Category:Telugu monarchs">Telugu monarchs</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_no-target_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn no-target errors">Harv and Sfn no-target errors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2019" title="Category:Use dmy dates from August 2019">Use dmy dates from August 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_Indian_English_from_August_2019" title="Category:Use Indian English from August 2019">Use Indian English from August 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Indian_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English">All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_June_2023" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references from June 2023">Articles lacking reliable references from June 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">All articles lacking reliable references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_June_2023" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2023">Articles with unsourced statements from June 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2018" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018">Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 17 September 2024, at 16:05<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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