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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NIH_NICHD_Master_Logo_2Color.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/NIH_NICHD_Master_Logo_2Color.svg/220px-NIH_NICHD_Master_Logo_2Color.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/NIH_NICHD_Master_Logo_2Color.svg/330px-NIH_NICHD_Master_Logo_2Color.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/NIH_NICHD_Master_Logo_2Color.svg/440px-NIH_NICHD_Master_Logo_2Color.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="358" data-file-height="68" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">1962<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1962</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executive</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Diana_W._Bianchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Diana W. Bianchi">Diana W. Bianchi</a>, Director</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent agency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nichd.nih.gov/">www<wbr />.nichd<wbr />.nih<wbr />.gov</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b><i>Eunice Kennedy Shriver</i> National Institute of Child Health and Human Development</b> (<b>NICHD</b>) is one of the <a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a> (NIH) in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Department of Health and Human Services">United States Department of Health and Human Services</a>. It supports and conducts <a href="/wiki/Research" title="Research">research</a> aimed at improving the health of children, adults, families, and communities, including: </p> <ul><li>Reducing infant deaths</li> <li>Promoting healthy pregnancy and childbirth</li> <li>Investigating growth and <a href="/wiki/Human_development_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Human development (biology)">human development</a></li> <li>Examining problems of <a href="/wiki/Birth_defect" title="Birth defect">birth defects</a> and <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_disabilities" class="mw-redirect" title="Intellectual disabilities">intellectual and developmental disabilities</a></li> <li>Understanding reproductive health</li> <li>Enhancing function across the lifespan through rehabilitation research<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The impetus for NICHD came from the Task Force on the Health and Well-Being of Children, convened in 1961 and led by Dr. Robert E. Cooke, a senior medical advisor to President <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>. <a href="/wiki/Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver" title="Eunice Kennedy Shriver">Eunice Kennedy Shriver</a> also served on the task force, which reported that more research was needed on the physical, emotional, and intellectual growth of children. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">U.S. Congress</a> established NICHD in 1962 as the first NIH institute to focus on the entire life process rather than on a specific disease or body system. NICHD became a funding source for research on birth defects and intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs), created a new pediatrics specialty, and established IDDs as a field of research. The institute also focused on the idea that adult health has its origins in early development and that behavior and social science were important aspects of human development.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 21, 2007, by act of Congress (Public Law 110–54), NICHD was renamed the <i>Eunice Kennedy Shriver</i> National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in honor of Mrs. Shriver's vision, dedication, and contributions to the founding of the institute.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Past_directors">Past directors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Past directors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Past directors from 1963 -present<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Director </th> <th>Took office </th> <th>Left office </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_A._Aldrich.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Robert_A._Aldrich.jpg/100px-Robert_A._Aldrich.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Robert_A._Aldrich.jpg/150px-Robert_A._Aldrich.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Robert_A._Aldrich.jpg/200px-Robert_A._Aldrich.jpg 2x" data-file-width="299" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> </td> <td>Robert A. Aldrich </td> <td>March 1, 1963 </td> <td>October 1964 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Donald_Harting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Donald_Harting.jpg/100px-Donald_Harting.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Donald_Harting.jpg/150px-Donald_Harting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Donald_Harting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> </td> <td>Donald Harting </td> <td>July 8, 1965 </td> <td>1966 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gerald_D._LaVeck.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Gerald_D._LaVeck.jpg/100px-Gerald_D._LaVeck.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Gerald_D._LaVeck.jpg/150px-Gerald_D._LaVeck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Gerald_D._LaVeck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="169" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> </td> <td>Gerald D. LaVeck </td> <td>October 9, 1966 </td> <td>September 1, 1973 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Noimage.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Noimage.svg/100px-Noimage.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Noimage.svg/150px-Noimage.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Noimage.svg/200px-Noimage.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="180" /></a></span> </td> <td>Gilbert L. Woodside (acting) </td> <td>September 1, 1973 </td> <td>September 1, 1974 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Noimage.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Noimage.svg/100px-Noimage.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Noimage.svg/150px-Noimage.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Noimage.svg/200px-Noimage.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="180" /></a></span> </td> <td>Norman Kretchmer </td> <td>September 1, 1974 </td> <td>September 30, 1981 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Noimage.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Noimage.svg/100px-Noimage.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Noimage.svg/150px-Noimage.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Noimage.svg/200px-Noimage.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="180" /></a></span> </td> <td>Betty H. Pickett (acting) </td> <td>September 30, 1981 </td> <td>June 30, 1982 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mortimer_B._Lipsett.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Mortimer_B._Lipsett.jpg/100px-Mortimer_B._Lipsett.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Mortimer_B._Lipsett.jpg/150px-Mortimer_B._Lipsett.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Mortimer_B._Lipsett.jpg/200px-Mortimer_B._Lipsett.jpg 2x" data-file-width="362" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> </td> <td>Mortimer B. Lipsett </td> <td>July 1, 1982 </td> <td>January 7, 1985 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Duane_alexander.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4b/Duane_alexander.jpg/100px-Duane_alexander.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4b/Duane_alexander.jpg/150px-Duane_alexander.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4b/Duane_alexander.jpg 2x" data-file-width="152" data-file-height="226" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Duane_Alexander" title="Duane Alexander">Duane Alexander</a> </td> <td>February 5, 1986 </td> <td>September 30, 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Susan_Shurin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Susan_Shurin.jpg/100px-Susan_Shurin.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Susan_Shurin.jpg/150px-Susan_Shurin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Susan_Shurin.jpg/200px-Susan_Shurin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2638" data-file-height="3693" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Susan_Shurin" title="Susan Shurin">Susan Shurin</a> (acting) </td> <td>October 1, 2009 </td> <td>November 30, 2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Guttmacher20054-300.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Guttmacher20054-300.jpg/100px-Guttmacher20054-300.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Guttmacher20054-300.jpg/150px-Guttmacher20054-300.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Guttmacher20054-300.jpg/200px-Guttmacher20054-300.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="1960" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_Edward_Guttmacher" title="Alan Edward Guttmacher">Alan Edward Guttmacher</a> (acting) </td> <td>December 1, 2009 </td> <td>July 21, 2010 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Guttmacher20054-300.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Guttmacher20054-300.jpg/100px-Guttmacher20054-300.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Guttmacher20054-300.jpg/150px-Guttmacher20054-300.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Guttmacher20054-300.jpg/200px-Guttmacher20054-300.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="1960" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_Edward_Guttmacher" title="Alan Edward Guttmacher">Alan Edward Guttmacher</a> </td> <td>July 22, 2010 </td> <td>September 30, 2015 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Catherine_Spong.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Catherine_Spong.jpg/100px-Catherine_Spong.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Catherine_Spong.jpg/150px-Catherine_Spong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Catherine_Spong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="242" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Y._Spong" title="Catherine Y. Spong">Catherine Y. Spong</a> (acting) </td> <td>October 1, 2015 </td> <td>October 31, 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dr._Diana_W._Bianchi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Dr._Diana_W._Bianchi.jpg/100px-Dr._Diana_W._Bianchi.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Dr._Diana_W._Bianchi.jpg/150px-Dr._Diana_W._Bianchi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Dr._Diana_W._Bianchi.jpg/200px-Dr._Diana_W._Bianchi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5283" data-file-height="7396" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Diana_W._Bianchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Diana W. Bianchi">Diana W. Bianchi</a> </td> <td>November 1, 2016 </td> <td>Present </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mission">Mission</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Mission_statement" title="Mission statement">mission</a> of NICHD is to ensure that every person is born healthy and wanted, that women suffer no harmful effects from reproductive processes, and that all children have the chance to achieve their full potential for healthy and productive lives, free from disease or disability, and to ensure the health, productivity, independence, and well-being of all people through optimal rehabilitation.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation">Operation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Operation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of November 2016, the director of NICHD is <a href="/wiki/Diana_W._Bianchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Diana W. Bianchi">Diana W. Bianchi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>NICHD's budget in 2015 was an estimated $1.3 billion, which supported research at institutions, universities, and organizations throughout the world, as well as research conducted by NICHD scientists on the NIH campus in Bethesda, MD, and at other facilities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Components">Components</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Source:<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Office of the Director</li> <li>Division of Extramural Research <ul><li>Child Development and Behavior Branch</li> <li>Contraceptive Discovery and Development Branch</li> <li>Developmental Biology and Structural Variation Branch</li> <li>Fertility and Infertility Branch</li> <li>Gynecologic Health and Disease Branch</li> <li>Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Branch</li> <li>Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Disease Branch</li> <li>Obstetric and Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics Branch</li> <li>Pediatric Growth and Nutrition Branch</li> <li>Pediatric Trauma and Critical Illness Branch</li> <li>Population Dynamics Branch</li> <li>Pregnancy and Perinatology Branch</li></ul></li> <li>National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research</li> <li>Division of Intramural Population Health Research <ul><li>Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch</li> <li>Epidemiology Branch</li> <li>Health Behavior Branch</li></ul></li> <li>Division of Intramural Research <ul><li>Office of the Scientific Director</li> <li>Scientific Affinity Groups <ul><li>Aquatic Models of Human Development</li> <li>Basic Mechanisms of Genome Regulation</li> <li>Behavioral Determinants and Developmental Imaging</li> <li>Bone and Matrix Biology in Development and Disease</li> <li>Cell and Structural Biology</li> <li>Cell Regulation and Development</li> <li>Developmental Endocrine Oncology and Genetics</li> <li>Genetics and Epigenetics of Development</li> <li>Integrative Membrane, Cell, and Tissue Pathophysiology</li> <li>Metals Biology and Molecular Medicine</li> <li>Neurosciences</li> <li>Pediatric Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Genetics</li> <li>Perinatal and Obstetrical Research</li> <li>Reproductive Endocrine and Gynecology</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_Children's_Study"><span id="National_Children.27s_Study"></span>National Children's Study</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: National Children's Study"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <b>National Children's Study</b> (NCS) was a longitudinal <a href="/wiki/Cohort_study" title="Cohort study">cohort study</a> that planned to recruit participants from across the United States of America. The NCS was led by the <a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a>, with the NICHD serving as the scientific lead. It was intended to measure the many factors that contribute to <a href="/wiki/Health" title="Health">health</a> and disease from before birth through age 21. This included, but was not limited to, the search for drivers of diseases with prenatal or developmental origins. The Study was closed in December 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-Science121214_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Science121214-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NIH121214_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH121214-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organization">Organization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Within NICHD, the NCS Program Office administered the implementation of day-to-day Study operations. The Program Office was supervised by the Study Director, Steven Hirschfeld, MD, PhD Associate Director for Clinical Research, NICHD. </p><p>For advice and recommendations regarding Study framework, content, and methodologies, the NCS Program Office engaged external advisors and scientific groups. These groups included federal partners such as the NCS Federal Advisory Committee and a Federal Consortium with representatives from multiple federal agencies including: the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Health and Human Services">U.S. Department of Health and Human Services</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Environmental_Health_Sciences" title="National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences">National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Centers for Disease Control and Prevention">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Environmental_Protection_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Environmental Protection Agency">U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</a>. An independent Study Monitoring and Oversight Committee monitored study progress and participant safety. </p><p>In addition to these more formal channels, the NCS solicited feedback from subject matter experts from around the world and from individuals, community advocates, and professional societies concerned with child health. The NCS Program Office also provided public forums for input on a variety of initiatives.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Congressional_Mandate">Congressional Mandate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Congressional Mandate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The "President's Task Force on Health Risks and Safety Risks to Children" recommended this federal initiative in 1999, after which Congress passed the <a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Health_Act" title="Children's Health Act">Children's Health Act</a> of 2000 (Title X, Section 1004). The Act charged NICHD to: </p> <ol><li>plan, develop, and implement a <a href="/wiki/Prospective_cohort_study" title="Prospective cohort study">prospective cohort study</a>, from birth to adulthood, to evaluate the effects of both chronic and intermittent exposures on child health and human development; and</li> <li>investigate basic mechanisms of developmental disorders and environmental factors, both risk and protective, that influence health and developmental processes.</li></ol> <p>The Act required this NCS to: </p> <ol><li>incorporate behavioral, emotional, educational, and contextual consequences to enable a complete assessment of the physical, chemical, biological, and psychosocial environmental influences on children's well-being;</li> <li>gather data on environmental influences and outcomes on diverse populations of children, which may include the consideration of prenatal exposures; and</li> <li>consider health disparities among children, which may include the consideration of prenatal exposures<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Objective">Objective</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Objective"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The NCS was designed to examine the effects of the environment—broadly defined to include factors such as air, water, diet, sound, family dynamics, community, and cultural influences— and <a href="/wiki/Genetics" title="Genetics">genetics</a> on the growth, <a href="/wiki/Child_development" title="Child development">development</a>, and health of children across the United States. The NCS was designed to follow approximately 100,000 children, some from before birth, through age 21 years. The NCS planned to collect comprehensive information to: </p> <ol><li>contribute to improving the health and well-being of all children</li> <li>deepen our understanding of the contribution of various factors to a range of health and disease outcomes</li> <li>understand factors that lead to health disparities.</li></ol> <p>With this broad perspective, the NCS was designed to contribute to the implementation of health equity, where each individual has an opportunity to realize their health potential.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discontinued">Discontinued</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Discontinued"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The NCS was in its Vanguard, or <a href="/wiki/Pilot_study" class="mw-redirect" title="Pilot study">pilot</a> phase, which was designed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, cost, and utility of Study scientific output, logistics, and operations prior to initiating the Main Study. The Vanguard Study enrolled about 5,000 children in 40 counties across the United States. General recruitment was completed in July 2013. </p><p>On December 12, 2014, the National Children's Study closed, after an expert review committee advised the NIH Director that moving forward with the larger Main Study would not be the best way to add to the understanding of how environmental and genetic factors influence child health and development.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_accomplishments">Notable accomplishments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notable accomplishments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NICHD has made numerous contributions to improving the health of children, adults, families, and communities. Selected research advances from 2015 include improving the health of infants born preterm, encouraging healthy behaviors, and optimizing rehabilitation.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Department of Health and Human Services">United States Department of Health and Human Services</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nichd.nih.gov/publications/pubs/Documents/Discover_the_NICHD.pdf">"Discover the NICHD"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Discover+the+NICHD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nichd.nih.gov%2Fpublications%2Fpubs%2FDocuments%2FDiscover_the_NICHD.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEunice+Kennedy+Shriver+National+Institute+of+Child+Health+and+Human+Development" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nichd.nih.gov/about/overview/Pages/establishment.aspx">"Establishment of the NICHD"</a>. <i>www.nichd.nih.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-11-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nichd.nih.gov&rft.atitle=NICHD+Mission+and+Scientific+Accomplishments&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nichd.nih.gov%2Fabout%2Foverview%2Fmission%2FPages%2Findex.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEunice+Kennedy+Shriver+National+Institute+of+Child+Health+and+Human+Development" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nichd.nih.gov/news/releases/Pages/083016_drbianchi.aspx">"NIH names Dr. Diana Bianchi director of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"</a>. <i>www.nichd.nih.gov</i>. 25 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-11-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Institutes+of+Health+%28NIH%29&rft.atitle=Eunice+Kennedy+Shriver+National+Institute+of+Child+Health+and+Human+Development+%28NICHD%29&rft.date=2015-07-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nih.gov%2Fabout-nih%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fnih-almanac%2Feunice-kennedy-shriver-national-institute-child-health-human-development-nichd%23programs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEunice+Kennedy+Shriver+National+Institute+of+Child+Health+and+Human+Development" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Science121214-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Science121214_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJocelyn_Kaiser2014" class="citation news cs1">Jocelyn Kaiser (December 12, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.science.org/content/article/nih-cancels-massive-us-children-s-study">"NIH cancels massive U.S. children's study"</a>. <i>Science</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2022</span>. <q>has too many flaws to be carried out in a tight budget environment, advisers today told National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director Francis Collins. He announced he is dismantling the study immediately.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=NIH+cancels+massive+U.S.+children%27s+study&rft.date=2014-12-12&rft.au=Jocelyn+Kaiser&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.science.org%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2Fnih-cancels-massive-us-children-s-study&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEunice+Kennedy+Shriver+National+Institute+of+Child+Health+and+Human+Development" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NIH121214-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NIH121214_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancis_S._Collins2014" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Francis_S._Collins" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis S. Collins">Francis S. Collins</a> (December 12, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nih.gov/about/director/12122014_statement_ACD.htm">"Statement on the National Children's Study"</a>. <i>hih.gov</i>. NIH<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 14,</span> 2014</span>. <q>I am appointing Dr. David Murray, NIH Associate Director for Prevention, effectively immediately, to manage the orderly transition of the NCS program office and closure of the study.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hih.gov&rft.atitle=Statement+on+the+National+Children%27s+Study&rft.date=2014-12-12&rft.au=Francis+S.+Collins&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nih.gov%2Fabout%2Fdirector%2F12122014_statement_ACD.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEunice+Kennedy+Shriver+National+Institute+of+Child+Health+and+Human+Development" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006111745/http://www.nationalchildrensstudy.gov/about/organization/Pages/default.aspx">"Organization of the National Children's Study"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalchildrensstudy.gov/about/organization/Pages/default.aspx">the original</a> on 2014-10-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-09-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Organization+of+the+National+Children%27s+Study&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalchildrensstudy.gov%2Fabout%2Forganization%2FPages%2Fdefault.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEunice+Kennedy+Shriver+National+Institute+of+Child+Health+and+Human+Development" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">National Institutes of Health <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2011-05-02/html/2011-10500.htm">New Proposed Collection; Comment Request; Neuropsychosocial Measures Formative Research Methodology Studies for the National Children's Study</a> Federal Register, vol 76, No. 84, May 2, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006105737/http://www.nationalchildrensstudy.gov/about/overview/Pages/default.aspx">"Study Overview"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalchildrensstudy.gov/about/overview/Pages/default.aspx">the original</a> on 2014-10-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-09-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Study+Overview&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalchildrensstudy.gov%2Fabout%2Foverview%2FPages%2Fdefault.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEunice+Kennedy+Shriver+National+Institute+of+Child+Health+and+Human+Development" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">National Children's Study (NCS) Working Group <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://acd.od.nih.gov/reports/NCS_WG_FINAL_REPORT.pdf">FINAL REPORT – DECEMBER 12, 2014</a> National Institutes of Health, Advisory Committee to the Director, 19 pages</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nichd.nih.gov/news/resources/spotlight/Pages/121615-research-advances-2015.aspx">"Selected NICHD Research Advances of 2015"</a>. <i>www.nichd.nih.gov</i>. 16 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-11-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nichd.nih.gov&rft.atitle=Selected+NICHD+Research+Advances+of+2015&rft.date=2015-12-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nichd.nih.gov%2Fnews%2Fresources%2Fspotlight%2FPages%2F121615-research-advances-2015.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEunice+Kennedy+Shriver+National+Institute+of+Child+Health+and+Human+Development" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eunice_Kennedy_Shriver_National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandriganBaker2015" class="citation journal cs1">Landrigan, Philip J.; Baker, Dean B. (16 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://escholarship.org/content/qt9h30z5nk/qt9h30z5nk.pdf?t=no8efu">"The National Children's Study — End or New Beginning?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>. <b>372</b> (16): 1486–1487. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJMp1500276">10.1056/NEJMp1500276</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25875255">25875255</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:205111251">205111251</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+England+Journal+of+Medicine&rft.atitle=The+National+Children%27s+Study+%E2%80%94+End+or+New+Beginning%3F&rft.volume=372&rft.issue=16&rft.pages=1486-1487&rft.date=2015-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A205111251%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25875255&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1056%2FNEJMp1500276&rft.aulast=Landrigan&rft.aufirst=Philip+J.&rft.au=Baker%2C+Dean+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fescholarship.org%2Fcontent%2Fqt9h30z5nk%2Fqt9h30z5nk.pdf%3Ft%3Dno8efu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEunice+Kennedy+Shriver+National+Institute+of+Child+Health+and+Human+Development" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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aria-labelledby="U.S._National_Institutes_of_Health_(list)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Institutes_of_Health" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Institutes of Health"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="U.S._National_Institutes_of_Health_(list)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">U.S. <a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_institutes_and_centers_of_the_National_Institutes_of_Health" title="List of institutes and centers of the National Institutes of Health">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Cancer_Institute" title="National Cancer Institute">National Cancer Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Eye_Institute" title="National Eye Institute">National Eye Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Heart,_Lung,_and_Blood_Institute" title="National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute">National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Human_Genome_Research_Institute" title="National Human Genome Research Institute">National Human Genome Research Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_on_Aging" title="National Institute on Aging">National Institute on Aging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_on_Alcohol_Abuse_and_Alcoholism" title="National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism">National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Allergy_and_Infectious_Diseases" title="National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases">National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Arthritis_and_Musculoskeletal_and_Skin_Diseases" title="National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases">National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Biomedical_Imaging_and_Bioengineering" title="National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering">National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Child_Health_and_Human_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="National Institute of Child Health and Human Development">National Institute of Child Health and Human Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_on_Deafness_and_Other_Communication_Disorders" title="National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders">National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Dental_and_Craniofacial_Research" title="National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research">National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Diabetes_and_Digestive_and_Kidney_Diseases" title="National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases">National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_on_Drug_Abuse" title="National Institute on Drug Abuse">National Institute on Drug Abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Environmental_Health_Sciences" title="National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences">National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_General_Medical_Sciences" title="National Institute of General Medical Sciences">National Institute of General Medical Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Mental_Health" title="National Institute of Mental Health">National Institute of Mental Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_on_Minority_Health_and_Health_Disparities" title="National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities">National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Neurological_Disorders_and_Stroke" title="National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke">National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Nursing_Research" title="National Institute of Nursing Research">National Institute of Nursing Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Library_of_Medicine" title="United States National Library of Medicine">National Library of Medicine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Information_Technology" title="Center for Information Technology">Center for Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Scientific_Review" title="Center for Scientific Review">Center for Scientific Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Fogarty_International_Center" title="John E. Fogarty International Center">John E. Fogarty International Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Integrative_Health" title="National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health">National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Advancing_Translational_Sciences" title="National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences">National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaccine_Research_Center" title="Vaccine Research Center">Vaccine Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health_Clinical_Center" title="National Institutes of Health Clinical Center">National Institutes of Health Clinical Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Research_Projects_Agency_for_Health" title="Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health">Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visible_Human_Project" title="Visible Human Project">Visible Human Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Diabetes_Education_Program" title="National Diabetes Education Program">National Diabetes Education Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRAIN_Initiative" title="BRAIN Initiative">BRAIN Initiative</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_National_Institutes_of_Health" title="Director of the National Institutes of Health">Directors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_J._Kinyoun" title="Joseph J. Kinyoun">Joseph J. Kinyoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_J._Rosenau" title="Milton J. Rosenau">Milton J. Rosenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fleetezelle_Anderson" class="mw-redirect" title="John Fleetezelle Anderson">John F. Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._McCoy" class="mw-redirect" title="George W. McCoy">George W. McCoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_R._Thompson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lewis R. Thompson">Lewis R. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolla_Dyer" title="Rolla Dyer">Rolla Dyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Sebrell,_Jr" class="mw-redirect" title="William H. Sebrell, Jr">William H. Sebrell, Jr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Augustine_Shannon" class="mw-redirect" title="James Augustine Shannon">James Augustine Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Q._Marston" title="Robert Q. Marston">Robert Q. Marston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stone_(scientist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Stone (scientist)">Robert Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_S._Fredrickson" title="Donald S. Fredrickson">Donald S. Fredrickson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Wyngaarden" class="mw-redirect" title="James B. Wyngaarden">James B. Wyngaarden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernadine_Healy" title="Bernadine Healy">Bernadine Healy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_E._Varmus" title="Harold E. Varmus">Harold E. Varmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Zerhouni" title="Elias Zerhouni">Elias Zerhouni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Collins" title="Francis Collins">Francis Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monica_Bertagnolli" title="Monica Bertagnolli">Monica Bertagnolli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/NIH_Record" title="NIH Record">NIH Record</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Public_Health_Service" title="United States Public Health Service">United States Public Health Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NIH_Intramural_Research_Program" title="NIH Intramural Research Program">Division of Intramural Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health_campus" title="National Institutes of Health campus">National Institutes of Health campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health_Director%27s_Pioneer_Award" title="National Institutes of Health Director's Pioneer Award">National Institutes of Health Director's Pioneer Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NIH_Public_Access_Policy" title="NIH Public Access Policy">NIH Public Access Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Research_Resources" title="National Center for Research Resources">National Center for Research Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health_Police" title="National Institutes of Health Police">National Institutes of Health Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Laboratory_Animal_Welfare" title="Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare">Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Italics</i> indicate acting officeholders</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5409765#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5409765#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span 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