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<div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Voorkoms" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Voorkoms </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class="">Skenkings</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Hadj" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class="">Skep gebruiker</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Hadj" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. 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[o]" accesskey="o" class="">Meld aan</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Persoonlike gereedskap </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af">Skenkings</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Hadj" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."> Skep gebruiker</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Hadj" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"> Meld aan</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering">leer meer</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Bydraes</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n">Bespreking</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geskiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geskiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Geskiedenis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geskiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tyd_van_die_hadj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tyd_van_die_hadj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Tyd van die hadj </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tyd_van_die_hadj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rituele" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rituele"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Rituele </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Rituele-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Wissel Rituele subafdeling </button> <ul id="toc-Rituele-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ihram" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ihram"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Ihram </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ihram-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tawaf_en_saj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tawaf_en_saj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Tawaf en saj </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tawaf_en_saj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eerste_dag_van_die_hadj:_8_Dhu'l_Hidjdja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eerste_dag_van_die_hadj:_8_Dhu'l_Hidjdja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Eerste dag van die hadj: 8 Dhu'l Hidjdja </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eerste_dag_van_die_hadj:_8_Dhu'l_Hidjdja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tweede_dag:_9_Dhu'l_Hidjdja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tweede_dag:_9_Dhu'l_Hidjdja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Tweede dag: 9 Dhu'l Hidjdja </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tweede_dag:_9_Dhu'l_Hidjdja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derde_dag:_10_Dhu'l_Hidjdja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derde_dag:_10_Dhu'l_Hidjdja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Derde dag: 10 Dhu'l Hidjdja </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derde_dag:_10_Dhu'l_Hidjdja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vierde_dag:_11_Dhu'l_Hidjdja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vierde_dag:_11_Dhu'l_Hidjdja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Vierde dag: 11 Dhu'l Hidjdja </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vierde_dag:_11_Dhu'l_Hidjdja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vyfde_dag:_12_Dhu'l_Hidjdja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vyfde_dag:_12_Dhu'l_Hidjdja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Vyfde dag: 12 Dhu'l Hidjdja </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vyfde_dag:_12_Dhu'l_Hidjdja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Laaste_dag_by_Mina:_13_Dhu'l_Hidjdja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Laaste_dag_by_Mina:_13_Dhu'l_Hidjdja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 Laaste dag by Mina: 13 Dhu'l Hidjdja </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Laaste_dag_by_Mina:_13_Dhu'l_Hidjdja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reis_na_Medina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reis_na_Medina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.9 Reis na Medina </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reis_na_Medina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reëlings_en_geriewe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reëlings_en_geriewe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Reëlings en geriewe </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reëlings_en_geriewe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vervoer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vervoer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Vervoer </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vervoer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moderne_probleme_met_skarebeheer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moderne_probleme_met_skarebeheer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Moderne probleme met skarebeheer </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moderne_probleme_met_skarebeheer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Betekenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Betekenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Betekenis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Betekenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Getal_pelgrims_per_jaar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Getal_pelgrims_per_jaar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Getal pelgrims per jaar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Getal_pelgrims_per_jaar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Galery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Galery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Galery </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Galery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Notas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Verwysings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verdere_leesstof" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verdere_leesstof"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Verdere leesstof </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verdere_leesstof-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Eksterne skakels </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Wissel die inhoudsopgawe </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Hadj</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 122 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-122" aria-hidden="true" > 122 tale </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haji" title="Haji – Atsjenees" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Haji" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Atsjenees" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Hach" title="Al-Hach – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Al-Hach" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AC_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="الحج في الإسلام – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحج في الإسلام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AC_%D9%81_%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="لحج ف لإسلام – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لحج ف لإسلام" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C" title="হজ্জ – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="হজ্জ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B8%A4ajj" title="Ḥajj – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ḥajj" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B6" title="ХӀаж – Avaries" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="ХӀаж" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaries" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C9%99cc" title="Həcc – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Həcc" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B6" title="Хаж – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Хаж" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Хадж – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хадж" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Хадж – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хадж" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Хадж – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хадж" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%9C" title="हज – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="हज" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haji" title="Haji – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Haji" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C" title="হজ্জ – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হজ্জ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Had%C5%BE" title="Hadž – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hadž" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B6" title="Хьаж – Tsjetsjeens" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Хьаж" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsjetsjeens" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%DB%95%D8%AC" title="حەج – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="حەج" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ac%C4%B1l%C4%B1q" title="Acılıq – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Acılıq" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Had%C5%BEd%C5%BE" title="Hadždž – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hadždž" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CA%92i" title="Aʒi – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Aʒi" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haddsch" title="Haddsch – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Haddsch" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%99%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%B0%DE%96%DE%AA" title="ޙައްޖު – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޙައްޖު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B6" title="Χατζ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χατζ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ha%C4%9Do" title="Haĝo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Haĝo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hach" title="Hach – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hach" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Had%C5%BE" title="Hadž – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hadž" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haj" title="Haj – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Haj" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AC" title="حج – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حج" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Had%C5%BE" title="Hadž – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hadž" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AA%9C" title="હજ – Goedjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હજ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Goedjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aikin_Hajji" title="Aikin Hajji – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Aikin Hajji" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%92%27" title="חג' – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חג'" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%9C" title="हज – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हज" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Had%C5%BE" title="Hadž – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hadž" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mekkai_zar%C3%A1ndoklat" title="Mekkai zarándoklat – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mekkai zarándoklat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%BB" title="Հաջ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հաջ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadj" title="Hadj – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Hadj" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haji" title="Haji – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Haji" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Хьажол – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Хьажол" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadj" title="Hadj – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Hadj" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadsj%C3%AD" title="Hadsjí – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hadsjí" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B8%A4ajj" title="Ḥajj – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ḥajj" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%83%E3%82%B8" title="ハッジ – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ハッジ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaji" title="Kaji – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kaji" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98" title="ჰაჯი – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰაჯი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%B8%A5e%C7%A7%C7%A7_di_tneslemt" title="Lḥeǧǧ di tneslemt – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Lḥeǧǧ di tneslemt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haji" title="Haji – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Haji" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B" title="Қажылық – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қажылық" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D" title="ಹಜ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಜ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%A6%88" title="하즈 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="하즈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%8E%D8%AC" title="حَج – Kasjmirs" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="حَج" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kasjmirs" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hec" title="Hec – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hec" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Ажылык – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ажылык" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagga" title="Hagga – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hagga" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haddsch" title="Haddsch – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Haddsch" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B6" title="ХӀаж – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="ХӀаж" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лакку</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chad%C5%BEas" title="Chadžas – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chadžas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%81d%C5%BEs" title="Hādžs – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hādžs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fivahiniana_masina_(silamo)" title="Fivahiniana masina (silamo) – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fivahiniana masina (silamo)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haji" title="Haji – Minangkabaus" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Haji" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabaus" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9F%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Аџилак – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Аџилак" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D" title="ഹജ്ജ് – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹജ്ജ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%9C" title="हज – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हज" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haji" title="Haji – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Haji" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%9C" title="हज – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हज" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadj" title="Hadj – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hadj" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadj" title="Hadj – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hadj" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%A1%DF%8A%DF%AC%DF%93%DF%8A%DF%95%DF%8F" title="ߡߊ߬ߓߊߕߏ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߡߊ߬ߓߊߕߏ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">ߒߞߏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%9C" title="ହଜ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ହଜ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9C" title="ਹੱਜ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹੱਜ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Had%C5%BCd%C5%BC" title="Hadżdż – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hadżdż" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AC" title="حج – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="حج" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AC" title="حج – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="حج" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haje" title="Haje – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Haje" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagi" title="Hagi – Aromanies" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Hagi" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Хадж – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хадж" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AC" title="حج – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="حج" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Had%C5%BE" title="Hadž – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hadž" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8A" title="හජ් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හජ්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Had%C5%BEd%C5%BE" title="Hadždž – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hadždž" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AC" title="حج – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="حج" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Had%C5%BE" title="Hadž – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hadž" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaj" title="Xaj – Somalies" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Xaj" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haxhill%C3%ABku" title="Haxhillëku – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Haxhillëku" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Had%C5%BEiluk" title="Hadžiluk – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Hadžiluk" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haji" title="Haji – Sundanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Haji" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanees" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%9C%E0%AF%8D" title="ஹஜ் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஹஜ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D" title="హజ్ – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="హజ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D0%B0%D2%B7" title="Ҳаҷ – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳаҷ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%8C" title="ฮัจญ์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฮัจญ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Turkmeens" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmeens" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hac_(%C4%B0slam)" title="Hac (İslam) – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hac (İslam)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D2%97" title="Хаҗ – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Хаҗ" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6" title="Хадж – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хадж" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%AC" title="حج – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="حج" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haj" title="Haj – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Haj" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hajj" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haj" title="Haj – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Haj" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E8%A7%90%EF%BC%88%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%EF%BC%89" title="朝觐（伊斯兰教） – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="朝觐（伊斯兰教）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%93%D7%96%D7%A9" title="האדזש – Jiddisj" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="האדזש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisj" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A1j%C3%AC" title="Hájì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Hájì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E8%A7%90_(%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99)" title="朝觐 (伊斯兰教) – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="朝觐 (伊斯兰教)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%9C%9D%E8%81%96" title="伊斯蘭教朝聖 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊斯蘭教朝聖" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q234915#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hadj" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" 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aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k">Verwante veranderings</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q">Spesiale bladsye</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&oldid=2626650" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy">Permanente skakel</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=info" title="More information about this page">Bladinligting</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Hadj&id=2626650&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys">Haal dié blad aan</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHadj">Kry verkorte URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHadj">Laai QR-kode af</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Hadj">Skep boek</a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Hadj&action=show-download-screen">Laai af as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p">Drukbare weergawe</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hajj" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q234915" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata-item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:As_pilgrims_prepare_to_return_to_their_homes,_Saudi_authorities_begin_to_prep_for_next_year%27s_Hajj_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/As_pilgrims_prepare_to_return_to_their_homes%2C_Saudi_authorities_begin_to_prep_for_next_year%27s_Hajj_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/300px-As_pilgrims_prepare_to_return_to_their_homes%2C_Saudi_authorities_begin_to_prep_for_next_year%27s_Hajj_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="452" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/As_pilgrims_prepare_to_return_to_their_homes%2C_Saudi_authorities_begin_to_prep_for_next_year%27s_Hajj_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/450px-As_pilgrims_prepare_to_return_to_their_homes%2C_Saudi_authorities_begin_to_prep_for_next_year%27s_Hajj_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/As_pilgrims_prepare_to_return_to_their_homes%2C_Saudi_authorities_begin_to_prep_for_next_year%27s_Hajj_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/600px-As_pilgrims_prepare_to_return_to_their_homes%2C_Saudi_authorities_begin_to_prep_for_next_year%27s_Hajj_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2136" data-file-height="3216" /></a><figcaption>Pelgrims in die <a href="/wiki/Al-Masdjid_al-Haram" title="Al-Masdjid al-Haram">Al-Masdjid al-Haram</a> op die hadj van 2010.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Kaaba_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Kaaba_at_night.jpg/300px-Kaaba_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Kaaba_at_night.jpg/450px-Kaaba_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Kaaba_at_night.jpg/600px-Kaaba_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Die Kaäba in die nag.</figcaption></figure> Die hadj of gadj (<a href="/wiki/Arabies" title="Arabies">Arabies</a>: الحجّ) is ’n jaarlikse <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islamitiese</a> pelgrimstog, of bedevaart, na <a href="/wiki/Mekka" title="Mekka">Mekka</a> wat elke <a href="/wiki/Moslem" title="Moslem">Moslem</a> wat fistiek en finansieel daartoe in staat is, minstens een keer in sy of haar leeftyd moet onderneem.<a href="#cite_note-Marshall86-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> Dit is een van die <a href="/wiki/Vyf_Pilare_van_die_Islam" title="Vyf Pilare van die Islam">Vyf Pilare van die Islam</a>. Die hadj is een van die grootste jaarlikse byeenkomste van mense in die wêreld.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Dit is ’n demonstrasie van die solidariteit van Moslems en hul aanbidding van een God (<a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Nigosian111-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Die bedevaart vind plaas van die 8ste tot die 12de (of soms 13de)<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Dhu'l Hidjdja, die laaste maand van die <a href="/wiki/Islamitiese_kalender" title="Islamitiese kalender">Islamitiese kalender</a>. Omdat dit ’n maankalender is in teenstelling met die <a href="/wiki/Gregoriaanse_kalender" title="Gregoriaanse kalender">Gregoriaanse kalender</a>, ’n sonkalender, is die Islamitiese jaar sowat 11 dae korter as ’n Gregoriaanse jaar, en daarom verskil die Gregoriaanse datum van die hadj van jaar tot jaar. <a href="/wiki/Ihram" title="Ihram">Ihram</a> is die naam van die spesiale spirituele toestand waarin pelgrims twee wit stukke naatlose materiaal dra en hulle van sekere dade weerhou.<a href="#cite_note-Nigosian111-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-EB-ihram-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Die hadj word verbind met die lewe van die profeet <a href="/wiki/Mohammed" title="Mohammed">Mohammed</a> uit die <a href="/wiki/7de_eeu" title="7de eeu">7de eeu</a>, maar Moslems glo die pelgrimsritueel na Mekka dateer van duisende jare gelede uit die tyd van <a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">Abraham</a>. ’n Paar miljoen mense besoek Mekka vir die week van die hadj en voer ’n aantal rituele uit: Hulle loop sewe keer antikloksgewys om die <a href="/wiki/Ka%C3%A4ba" title="Kaäba">Kaäba</a> (die vierkantige gebou in die middel van <a href="/wiki/Al-Masdjid_al-Haram" title="Al-Masdjid al-Haram">Al-Masdjid al-Haram</a> in Mekka, en die rigting van gebed), loop of hardloop heen en weer tussen die heuwels <a href="/wiki/Safa_en_Marwa" title="Safa en Marwa">Safa en Marwa</a>, drink uit die <a href="/wiki/Zamzam-put" title="Zamzam-put">Zamzam-put</a>, gaan vir ’n nagwaak na <a href="/wiki/Berg_Arafat" title="Berg Arafat">Berg Arafat</a>, bring ’n nag deur op die vlakte van <a href="/wiki/Moezdalifa" title="Moezdalifa">Moezdalifa</a> en voer ’n simboliese steniging van die duiwel uit deur klippe na drie pilare te gooi. Die pelgrims skeer dan hul hare, doen mee aan ’n ritueel van diereoffering en vier die drie dae lange fees <a href="/wiki/Eid-oel-Adha" title="Eid-oel-Adha">Eid-oel-Adha</a>.<a href="#cite_note-armstrong-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-ngeo-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc.co.uk-12">[12]</a> Pelgrims besoek Mekka ook ander tye van die jaar om dié rituele uit te voer. Dit word soms <a href="/wiki/Oemra" title="Oemra">oemra</a>, of ’n "mindere pelgrimstog", genoem. Hulle moet egter steeds die hadj onderneem as hulle kan. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geskiedenis">Geskiedenis</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Geskiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Geskiedenis">wysig bron</a>]</div> <table cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" align="right" class="float-right toccolours" id="WSerie_Islam" style="border-color: #060; margin-top: 0; width: 175px;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: #dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Vyf_Pilare_van_die_Islam" title="Vyf Pilare van die Islam">Vyf Pilare van die Islam</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sjahada" title="Sjahada">Sjahada</a> (belydenis)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salaah" title="Salaah">Salaah</a> (gebed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakaat" title="Zakaat">Zakaat</a> (aalmoese)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pwasa" title="Pwasa">Pwasa</a> (vas)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hadj</a> (pelgrimstog)</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> Die huidige patroon van die hadj is deur Mohammed gevestig.<a href="#cite_note-EB-13">[13]</a> Volgens die <a href="/wiki/Koran" title="Koran">Koran</a> kan elemente daarvan teruggespoor word na die tyd van Abraham, omstreeks <a href="/wiki/2000_v.C." class="mw-redirect" title="2000 v.C.">2000 v.C.</a> Die Islamitiese tradisie vertel God het Abraham beveel om sy vrou <a href="/wiki/Hagar_in_Islam" title="Hagar in Islam">Hagar</a> en seun <a href="/wiki/Ismael_in_Islam" title="Ismael in Islam">Ismael</a> alleen in die woestyn van antieke Mekka te los. Terwyl Hagar op soek was na water, het sy desperaat sewe keer tussen die twee heuwels Safa en Marwa gehardloop, maar niks gekry nie. Toe sy na Ismael terugkeer, het sy gesien ’n fontein het ontspring op die plek waar die baba se been aan die grond raak.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> Later het Abraham opdrag gekry om die Kaäba te bou (of herbou), wat hy met Ismael se hulp gedoen het, en om mense aan te spoor om ’n bedevaart daarheen te onderneem.<a href="#cite_note-Peters4-7-15">[15]</a> Die Koran verwys in verse 2:124-127 en 22:27-30 daarna: <table cellpadding="10" style="border-collapse:collapse; background-color: var(--background-color-base); color:var( --color-base ) border-style:none;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Cquote1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Cquote1.svg/20px-Cquote1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Cquote1.svg/30px-Cquote1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Cquote1.svg/40px-Cquote1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="30" /></a> </td> <td>En toe sy Heer Abraham met sekere opdragte beproef en hy dit uitgevoer het, het Hy gesê: Voorwaar, Ek sal u ’n leier van mense maak! . . . En toe Ons die Huis ’n vergaderplek van mense en ’n toevlugsoord gemaak het, het Ons gesê: Neem die plek van Abraham as ’n plek van gebed! En Ons het Abraham en Ismael gebied en gesê: Reinig My Huis vir hulle wat daar sal omloop in die bedevaartsbesoek, en hulle wat daar vertoef vir aanbidding, en hulle wat vooroorbuig en hul hoofde op die grond eerbiedig neerlê. . . . Toe het Abraham en Ismael die fondamente van die Huis gelê. <div align="right">— Koran, Soera 2:124-127</div> </td> <td valign="bottom"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Cquote2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Cquote2.svg/20px-Cquote2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Cquote2.svg/30px-Cquote2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Cquote2.svg/40px-Cquote2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="30" /></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table cellpadding="10" style="border-collapse:collapse; background-color: var(--background-color-base); color:var( --color-base ) border-style:none;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Cquote1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Cquote1.svg/20px-Cquote1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Cquote1.svg/30px-Cquote1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Cquote1.svg/40px-Cquote1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="30" /></a> </td> <td>Verkondig die bedevaart aan die mense. Hulle sal te voet of op elke maer kameel oor lang afstande na u kom: sodat hulle van hulle voordeel mag getuig en die Naam van Allah gedurende die vasgestelde dae uitspreek oor die viervoetige vee waarvan Hy hulle voorsien het. Eet dan daarvan, en voed die behoeftiges, die armes. Laat hulle dan voldoen aan die nodige reinigingshandelinge, en laat hulle hul gelofte nakom en om die ou Huis gaan. <div align="right">— Koran, Soera 22:27-29</div> </td> <td valign="bottom"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Cquote2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Cquote2.svg/20px-Cquote2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Cquote2.svg/30px-Cquote2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Cquote2.svg/40px-Cquote2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="30" /></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Masjid_al-Haram_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Masjid_al-Haram_1.jpg/220px-Masjid_al-Haram_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Masjid_al-Haram_1.jpg/330px-Masjid_al-Haram_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Masjid_al-Haram_1.jpg/440px-Masjid_al-Haram_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="531" data-file-height="354" /></a><figcaption>’n Foto uit 1907 van Al-Masdjid al-Haram vol aanbidders.</figcaption></figure> Daar word gesê die aartsengel <a href="/wiki/Gabri%C3%ABl" title="Gabriël">Gabriël</a> het die <a href="/wiki/Swart_Steen" title="Swart Steen">Swart Steen</a> uit die hemel gebring om in die Kaäba te lê.<a href="#cite_note-Peters4-7-15">[15]</a> In voor-Islamitiese Arabië is die Kaäba omring deur heidense afgode.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> In <a href="/wiki/630" title="630">630 n.C.</a> het Mohammed sy volgelinge van <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> na Mekka gelei, al die afgode vernietig en die Kaäba weer aan Allah gewy.<a href="#cite_note-Haykal439-17">[17]</a> In <a href="/wiki/632" title="632">632 n.C.</a> het Mohammed sy enigste bedevaart met ’n groot aantal volgelinge onderneem en hulle onderrig in die rituele van die hadj.<a href="#cite_note-Campo494-18">[18]</a> Van dié oomblik af was die hadj een van die Vyf Pilare van die Islam. In die <a href="/wiki/Middeleeue" title="Middeleeue">Middeleeue</a> het pelgrims in die groot stede van <a href="/wiki/Siri%C3%AB" title="Sirië">Sirië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a> en <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> byeengekom om in groepe en karavane van tienduisende na Mekka te reis,<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> dikwels onder staatsbeskerming.<a href="#cite_note-Campo283-20">[20]</a> Hadj-karavane, veral tydens die <a href="/wiki/Mameluk" title="Mameluk">Mameluk-sultanaat</a> en sy opvolger, die <a href="/wiki/Ottomaanse_Ryk" title="Ottomaanse Ryk">Ottomaanse Ryk</a>, is deur ’n militêre mag en dokters vergesel.<a href="#cite_note-Singer141-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-Philipp102-04-22">[22]</a> Dit was om die karavane teen <a href="/wiki/Bedoe%C3%AFene" title="Bedoeïene">Bedoeïene</a>-rowers en natuurlike terugslae te beskerm,<a href="#cite_note-23">[nota 1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Singer141-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-Philipp102-04-22">[22]</a> en om te verseker die pelgrims het alles wat hulle nodig het.<a href="#cite_note-Singer141-21">[21]</a> Moslemreisigers soos die geograaf en digter Ibn Jubayr en die geleerde Ibn Battuta het gedetailleerde beskrywings van hadj-reise in die Middeleeue gegee.<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> Die karavane het gevestigde roetes soos die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koninklike_Weg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koninklike Weg (bladsy bestaan nie)">Koninklike Weg</a> gevolg. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tyd_van_die_hadj">Tyd van die hadj</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Tyd van die hadj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Tyd van die hadj">wysig bron</a>]</div> Die datum van die hadj word bepaal deur die <a href="/wiki/Islamitiese_kalender" title="Islamitiese kalender">Islamitiese kalender</a>, wat op die maanjaar gebaseer is.<a href="#cite_note-Harrison156-25">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reynolds33-26">[25]</a> Die gebeure van die hadj vind elke jaar oor vyf dae plaas, wat begin op die 8ste en eindig op die 12de Dhu'l Hidjdja, die laaste maand van die Islamitiese kalender. Van dié vyf dae is die 9de bekend as die Dag van Arafat, en dit is die dag van die hadj. Omdat die Islamitiese kalender ’n maankalender is en die Gregoriaanse kalender ’n sonkalender, is die Islamitiese jaar sowat 11 dae korter as die Gregoriaanse jaar; daarom verskil die Gregoriaanse datum van die hadj van jaar tot jaar. Die bedevaart begin dus elke jaar 11 (soms 10) dae vroeër.<a href="#cite_note-Reynolds33-26">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> Die hadj kan twee keer in een Gregoriaanse jaar voorkom – dit gebeur elke 33 jaar (die laaste keer was in 2006).<a href="#cite_note-Umm-al-Qura-Calendar-28">[27]</a> Die tabel hier onder toon die datums aan van die hadj die afgelope paar jaar (die datum verwys na 9 Dhu'l Hidjdja): <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>2012</th> <th>2013</th> <th>2014</th> <th>2015</th> <th>2016</th> <th>2017</th> <th>2018</th> <th>2019</th> <th>2020</th> <th>2021</th> <th>2022</th> <th>2023 </th></tr> <tr> <td>25 Okt.</td> <td>14 Okt.<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hajj-today-30">[29]</a></td> <td>3 Okt.<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a></td> <td>23 Sep.<a href="#cite_note-TheDailyStar2015-32">[31]</a></td> <td>11 Sept.<a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-v3502133-34">[33]</a></td> <td>31 Aug.<a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a></td> <td>20 Aug.<a href="#cite_note-Umm-al-Qura-Calendar-28">[27]</a></td> <td>10 Aug.<a href="#cite_note-Gent-36">[35]</a></td> <td>30 Jul.<a href="#cite_note-Gent-36">[35]</a></td> <td>19 Jul.<a href="#cite_note-Gent-36">[35]</a></td> <td>8 Jul.<a href="#cite_note-Gent-36">[35]</a></td> <td>26 Jun.<a href="#cite_note-Gent-36">[35]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rituele">Rituele</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Rituele" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Rituele">wysig bron</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Hajj_locations_and_rites_af.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Hajj_locations_and_rites_af.png/220px-Hajj_locations_and_rites_af.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Hajj_locations_and_rites_af.png/330px-Hajj_locations_and_rites_af.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Hajj_locations_and_rites_af.png/440px-Hajj_locations_and_rites_af.png 2x" data-file-width="748" data-file-height="569" /></a><figcaption>Die terreine van die hadj-rituele.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Fikh" title="Fikh">Fikh</a> beskryf in besonderhede die manier waarop die hadj-rituele uitgevoer moet word en pelgrims volg gewoonlik handleidings en gidse om dit reg te doen.<a href="#cite_note-Campo282-37">[36]</a> In die uitvoering van die rituele volg die pelgrims nie net die voorbeeld van Mohammed nie, maar vier hulle ook gebeure wat met Abraham verbind word.<a href="#cite_note-Neusner178-38">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ihram">Ihram</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Ihram" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Ihram">wysig bron</a>]</div> Wanneer die pelgrims die regte <a href="/wiki/Mikat" title="Mikat">mikat</a> of pelgrimsgrens bereik (afhangend van waar hulle kom), gaan hulle ’n gewyde toestand in. Dit behels die dra van twee wit naatlose stukke materiaal vir mans – met die een om die middel gebind en wat tot onder die knie afhang, en die ander om die linkerskouer gedrapeer en aan die regterkant vasgemaak; die dra van vroueklere wat voldoen aan die Islamitiese kode vir openbare drag, met die hande en gesig onbedek;<a href="#cite_note-AtoZ-39">[38]</a> reiniging; die verklaring van die voorneme om die pelgrimstog af te lê en hom- of haarself te weerhou van sekere dade. Mans mag nie enige knope of gestikte klere dra nie. Sandale moet ook nie gestik wees nie, en die enkels en agterkant van die voete moet oop wees. Hulle mag nie enige reukmiddels aan die lyf of klere dra of hul naels, hare of baard knip nie. Eersgenoemde sluit gegeurde seep in. Geen seks, rokery of vloekery is toelaatbaar nie. Ander verbode handelinge sluit in die beskadiging van plante, die doodmaak van diere, ’n bakleiery, die aflê van ’n eed, huwelikbevestigings of die dra van wapens.<a href="#cite_note-Nigosian111-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-EB-ihram-8">[8]</a> Mans mag ook nie vir vroue kyk of onedele gedagtes hê nie. Vroue se gesig moet onbedek wees. ’n <a href="/wiki/Boerka" title="Boerka">Boerka</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nikaab" title="Nikaab">nikaab</a> is verbode, maar ’n <a href="/wiki/Hijab" class="mw-redirect" title="Hijab">hijab</a> en <a href="/wiki/Doepatta" title="Doepatta">doepatta</a> is verpligtend.<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> Hulle moet beskeie lyk en mag nie grimering of parfuum dra nie. Die bedoeling van die ihram is dat alle pelgrims gelyk is voor God: daar is geen onderskeid tussen ryk en arm nie.<a href="#cite_note-Neusner178-38">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tawaf_en_saj">Tawaf en saj</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Tawaf en saj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Tawaf en saj">wysig bron</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Tavaf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Tavaf.jpg/220px-Tavaf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Tavaf.jpg/330px-Tavaf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Tavaf.jpg/440px-Tavaf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1744" data-file-height="2214" /></a><figcaption>Die rigting van die tawaf om die Kaäba en die saj tussen Safa en Marwa.</figcaption></figure> Die tawaf-ritueel behels dat sewe keer antikloksgewys om die Kaäba geloop word.<a href="#cite_note-Marshall89-41">[40]</a> Wanneer pelgrims by Al-Masdjid al-Haram aankom, voer hulle ’n eerste tawaf uit as deel van die verwelkomingseremonie.<a href="#cite_note-Long16-42">[41]</a> Tydens die tawaf sluit pelgrims ook Hateem in: ’n gebied noord van die Kaäba. Elke omsirkeling begin met die soen of aanraking van die Swart Steen (al-Ḥajar al-Aswad).<a href="#cite_note-Long17-43">[42]</a> Wanneer dit nie moontlik is nie weens die groot skare, kan daar met elke omsirkeling met die hand na die Swart Steen gewys word. Pelgrims mag nie eet nie, maar wel water drink om dehidrasie te voorkom. Mans word aangemoedig om die eerste drie omsirkelings vinnig af te lê en die laaste vier teen ’n meer gemaklike pas.<a href="#cite_note-AtoZ-39">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-Long17-43">[42]</a> Nadat sewe keer om die Kaäba geloop is, volg twee gebede by die Plek van Abraham (Maqām Ibrāhīm), ’n plek in die <a href="/wiki/Moskee" title="Moskee">moskee</a> naby die Kaäba.<a href="#cite_note-Long17-43">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-Adelowo401-44">[43]</a> Die gebede kan egter, weer eens vanweë die groot skare, elders in die moskee plaasvind. Ná die gebede drink pelgrims water uit die Zamzam-put, wat oral in die moskee beskikbaar is.<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> Hoewel die omsirkeling van die Kaäba tradisioneel op die grondverdieping plaasvind, kan dit ook op die eerste verdieping of die dak van die moskee gedoen word weens die skares. Tawaf word gevolg deur saj, die loop of hardloop (sewe keer) tussen die heuwels Safa en Marwa, wat naby die Kaäba geleë is.<a href="#cite_note-Marshall89-41">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-Adelowo401-44">[43]</a> Dit was voorheen in die ope lug, maar is deesdae heeltemal onderdak.<a href="#cite_note-RESA-46">[45]</a> Pelgrims word aangeraai om te loop, maar hulle kan ook hardloop. Daar is ook ’n laan vir gestremdes. Ná saj skeer die mans hul hare en vroue knip gewoonlik ’n stuk van hul hare af. Dit voltooi die oemra. <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Sa%27yee_To_Go.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saj in die rigting van Safa."><img alt="Saj in die rigting van Safa." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Sa%27yee_To_Go.jpg/200px-Sa%27yee_To_Go.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Sa%27yee_To_Go.jpg/300px-Sa%27yee_To_Go.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Sa%27yee_To_Go.jpg/400px-Sa%27yee_To_Go.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Saj in die rigting van Safa.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Sa%27yee_For_older.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Middelste deel vir ouer mense en gestremdes."><img alt="Middelste deel vir ouer mense en gestremdes." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Sa%27yee_For_older.jpg/200px-Sa%27yee_For_older.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Sa%27yee_For_older.jpg/300px-Sa%27yee_For_older.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Sa%27yee_For_older.jpg/400px-Sa%27yee_For_older.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Middelste deel vir ouer mense en gestremdes.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Sa%27yee_To_return.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saj terug van Safa af."><img alt="Saj terug van Safa af." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Sa%27yee_To_return.jpg/200px-Sa%27yee_To_return.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Sa%27yee_To_return.jpg/300px-Sa%27yee_To_return.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Sa%27yee_To_return.jpg/400px-Sa%27yee_To_return.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Saj terug van Safa af.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eerste_dag_van_die_hadj:_8_Dhu'l_Hidjdja">Eerste dag van die hadj: 8 Dhu'l Hidjdja</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Eerste dag van die hadj: 8 Dhu'l Hidjdja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Eerste dag van die hadj: 8 Dhu'l Hidjdja">wysig bron</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Mina_Overview.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Mina_Overview.JPG/220px-Mina_Overview.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Mina_Overview.JPG/330px-Mina_Overview.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Mina_Overview.JPG/440px-Mina_Overview.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Tente by Mina.</figcaption></figure> Op 8 Dhu'l Hidjdja word die pelgrims aan hul pligte herinner. Hulle gaan die gewyde toestand ihram binne nadat hulle reinigingsrituele ondergaan en die ihram-klere aangetrek het. Dit moet gebeur voordat hulle die mikat betree. Die beperkings van ihram begin nou. Pelgrims moet vergeet van studies, besigheid en verhoudings, en op God fokus. <dl><dt>Mina</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Arafat_pilgrims.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Arafat_pilgrims.jpg/220px-Arafat_pilgrims.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Arafat_pilgrims.jpg/330px-Arafat_pilgrims.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Arafat_pilgrims.jpg/440px-Arafat_pilgrims.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1408" data-file-height="907" /></a><figcaption>Pelgrims dra ihram op die vlakte van Arafat op die dag van die hadj.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Mount_Arafah.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Mount_Arafah.jpg/220px-Mount_Arafah.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Mount_Arafah.jpg/330px-Mount_Arafah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Mount_Arafah.jpg/440px-Mount_Arafah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Berg Arafat tydens die hadj.</figcaption></figure> Ná die oggendgebed op 8 Dhu'l Hidjdja beweeg die pelgrims na Mina, waar hulle die hele dag deurbring en noen-, namiddag-, aand- en naggebede doen.<a href="#cite_note-Adelowo403-47">[46]</a> Die volgende dag verlaat hulle Mina ná die oggendgebed en beweeg na Arafat. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tweede_dag:_9_Dhu'l_Hidjdja">Tweede dag: 9 Dhu'l Hidjdja</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Tweede dag: 9 Dhu'l Hidjdja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Tweede dag: 9 Dhu'l Hidjdja">wysig bron</a>]</div> Dié dag is die Dag van Arafat; dit is die heiligste dag in die Islam en bekend as die Dag van die Hadj.<a href="#cite_note-v3502133-34">[33]</a> Dit is sowat 70 dae ná die einde van die maand <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a> en ’n dag voor die heilige fees <a href="/wiki/Eid-oel-Adha" title="Eid-oel-Adha">Eid-oel-Adha</a>.<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> Moslems glo ’n deel van die Koran se inhoud wat aangekondig het die godsdiens van Islam is vervolmaak, is op dié dag onthul. <dl><dt>Arafat</dt></dl> Op die oggend van 9 Dhu'l Hidjdja kom die pelgrims by Arafat aan – ’n droë stuk grond sowat 20 km oos van Mekka.<a href="#cite_note-Long19-49">[48]</a> Hier bid hulle, toon berou en doen boete oor hul sondes van die verlede, en vra genade by Allah. Hulle luister ook na preke deur Islamitiese geleerdes vanaf Berg Arafat (Jabal ‘Arafah),<a href="#cite_note-Adelowo403-47">[46]</a> waar Mohammed na berig word sy laaste preek gelewer het. Dit duur van die middag tot met sonsondergang<a href="#cite_note-Long19-49">[48]</a> en is een van die belangrikste rituele van die hadj.<a href="#cite_note-Nigosian111-5">[5]</a> ’n Pelgrim se hadj word as ongeldig beskou as hy nie die middag op Arafat deurgebring het nie.<a href="#cite_note-ngeo-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Long19-49">[48]</a> Dit dui op die belangrikheid daarvan om deur Allah vergewe te word. <dl><dt>Moezdalifa</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:MuzdalifahPanorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/MuzdalifahPanorama.jpg/220px-MuzdalifahPanorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/MuzdalifahPanorama.jpg/330px-MuzdalifahPanorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/MuzdalifahPanorama.jpg/440px-MuzdalifahPanorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7063" data-file-height="1540" /></a><figcaption>’n Toneel by Moezdalifa</figcaption></figure> Pelgrims moet na <a href="/wiki/Moezdalifa" title="Moezdalifa">Moezdalifa</a> vertrek ná sonsondergang, maar sonder om die aandgebed te doen.<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> Moezdalifa is ’n gebied tussen Arafat en Mina. Wanneer hulle daar aankom, doen pelgrims die aand- en naggebed tegelykertyd en bring die nag daar deur onder die ope lug. Hulle maak ook klippies bymekaar vir die volgende dag se steniging van die duiwel.<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Derde_dag:_10_Dhu'l_Hidjdja">Derde dag: 10 Dhu'l Hidjdja</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Wysig afdeling: Derde dag: 10 Dhu'l Hidjdja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Derde dag: 10 Dhu'l Hidjdja">wysig bron</a>]</div> Nadat hulle van Moezdalifa af teruggekeer het, bring pelgrims die nag in Mina deur. <dl><dt>Steniging van die duiwel</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Amellie_-_Stoning_of_the_devil_2006_Hajj.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Amellie_-_Stoning_of_the_devil_2006_Hajj.jpg/220px-Amellie_-_Stoning_of_the_devil_2006_Hajj.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Amellie_-_Stoning_of_the_devil_2006_Hajj.jpg/330px-Amellie_-_Stoning_of_the_devil_2006_Hajj.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Amellie_-_Stoning_of_the_devil_2006_Hajj.jpg/440px-Amellie_-_Stoning_of_the_devil_2006_Hajj.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Die steniging van die duiwel in 2006.</figcaption></figure> Wanneer hulle terug is in Mina, voer die pelgrims ’n simboliese steniging van die duiwel (Ramī al-djamarāt) uit deur van sonsopkoms tot sonsondergang sewe klippies na die grootste van die drie pilare (djamarat) te gooi.<a href="#cite_note-ngeo-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-al-Hasani-52">[51]</a> Hulle gooi nie dié dag klippe na die ander twee pilare nie.<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> Die drie pilare verteenwoordig Satan.<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> Die djamarat (enkelvoud: djamra) van oos na wes word genoem: <ul><li>Die kleinste djamra (الجمرة الصغرى, al-jamrah aṣ-ṣughrā);</li> <li>Die middelste djamra (الجمرة الوسطى, al-jamrah al-wusṭā);</li> <li>Die grootste djamrah (الجمرة الكبرى, al-jamrah al-kubrā).</li></ul> Die steniging is ’n simboliese daad wat Abraham se hadj weerspieël, toe hy klippe na drie pilare gegooi het wat die duiwel verteenwoordig: die grootste pilaar verteenwoordig Abraham se versoeking om Ismael nie te offer nie; die middelste een Hagar se versoeking om hom te keer; en die kleinste een Ismael se versoeking om te keer dat hy geoffer word. Die duiwel is elke keer verslaan. Dit verteenwoordig ook die mens se wegbeweeg van sy self en die handeling om sy lae begeertes en wense te verwerp en hom aan God te onderwerp.<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a> Die klippies kan vanaf die veelvlakkige <a href="/wiki/Djamarat-brug" title="Djamarat-brug">Djamarat-brug</a> of op die grondvlak gegooi word. Om veiligheidsredes is die pilare in 2004 deur lang mure vervang, waar die klippe opgevang word nadat hulle gegooi is;<a href="#cite_note-Marshall90-56">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mohamed54-57">[56]</a> baie pelgrims het voorheen mense aan die oorkant per ongeluk raakgegooi. <dl><dt>Diere-offering</dt></dl> Ná die steniging word diere geslag om die storie van Abraham en Ismael te gedenk. Tradisioneel het die pelgrims self diere geslag, maar vandag koop hulle ’n bewys in Mekka en die diere word dan op die 10de namens hulle geslag sonder dat hulle teenwoordig hoef te wees. Moderne slagplase verwerk die vleis en dit word na arm mense regoor die wêreld gestuur.<a href="#cite_note-ngeo-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-RESA-46">[45]</a> Terselfdertyd offer Moslems regoor die wêreld diere tydens ’n driedaagse fees, <a href="/wiki/Eid-oel-Adha" title="Eid-oel-Adha">Eid-oel-Adha</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bbc.co.uk-12">[12]</a> <dl><dt>Haarverwydering</dt></dl> Nadat ’n dier geslag is, volg nog ’n belangrike ritueel van die hadj: die skeer of knip van hare. Die mans skeer of knip hul hare op die dag van Eid al-Adha, en vroue knip die punte van hul hare af.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-58">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-Long21-59">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a> <dl><dt>Tawaf al-Ifaada</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Kaaba_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Kaaba_2.JPG/220px-Kaaba_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Kaaba_2.JPG/330px-Kaaba_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Kaaba_2.JPG/440px-Kaaba_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Pelgrims voer die tawaf om die Kaäba uit.</figcaption></figure> Op dieselfde of die volgende dag besoek pelgrims weer Al-Masdjid al-Haram in Mekka vir nog ’n tawaf, bekend as Tawaf al-Ifaada, ’n verpligte deel van die hadj.<a href="#cite_note-Long21-59">[58]</a> Dit simboliseer ’n haas om op God te reageer en liefde teenoor Hom te betoon. Die nag van die 10de word weer in Mina deurgebring. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vierde_dag:_11_Dhu'l_Hidjdja">Vierde dag: 11 Dhu'l Hidjdja</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Wysig afdeling: Vierde dag: 11 Dhu'l Hidjdja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Vierde dag: 11 Dhu'l Hidjdja">wysig bron</a>]</div> Van die middag tot met sonsondergang gooi pelgrims weer klippe na elk van die drie pilare in Mina.<a href="#cite_note-al-Hasani-52">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vyfde_dag:_12_Dhu'l_Hidjdja">Vyfde dag: 12 Dhu'l Hidjdja</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Wysig afdeling: Vyfde dag: 12 Dhu'l Hidjdja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Vyfde dag: 12 Dhu'l Hidjdja">wysig bron</a>]</div> Op 12 Dhu'l Hidjdja volg dieselfde prosedure van die steniging van die duiwel.<a href="#cite_note-al-Hasani-52">[51]</a> Pelgrims mag voor sonsondergang van Mina na Mekka reis. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Laaste_dag_by_Mina:_13_Dhu'l_Hidjdja">Laaste dag by Mina: 13 Dhu'l Hidjdja</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Wysig afdeling: Laaste dag by Mina: 13 Dhu'l Hidjdja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Laaste dag by Mina: 13 Dhu'l Hidjdja">wysig bron</a>]</div> As hulle nie op die 12de kon vertrek nie of self besluit het om langer te bly, moet die perlgrims weer die steniging van die duiwel uitvoer voordat hulle na Mekka terugkeer.<a href="#cite_note-al-Hasani-52">[51]</a> <dl><dt>Tawaf al-Wadaa</dt></dl> Eindelik, voordat hulle Mekka verlaat, moet pelgrims ’n laaste tawaf, Tawaf al-Wadaa, uitvoer. "Wadaa" beteken "om tot siens te sê". Die pelgrims loop sewe keer antikloksgewys om die Kaäba en as hulle kan, soen hulle die Kaäba of raak daaraan.<a href="#cite_note-ngeo-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reis_na_Medina">Reis na Medina</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Wysig afdeling: Reis na Medina" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Reis na Medina">wysig bron</a>]</div> Hoewel dit nie deel van die hadj is nie, kan pelgrims nou na Medina en <a href="/wiki/Al-Masdjid_an-Nabawi" title="Al-Masdjid an-Nabawi">Al-Masdjid an-Nabawi</a> (Moskee van die Profeet) reis. Laasgenoemde bevat Mohammed se graftombe.<a href="#cite_note-RESA-46">[45]</a> Die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quba-moskee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quba-moskee (bladsy bestaan nie)">Quba-moskee</a> en <a href="/wiki/Moskee_van_die_Twee_Kieblas" title="Moskee van die Twee Kieblas">Moskee van die Twee Kieblas</a> word ook gewoonlik besoek.<a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reëlings_en_geriewe">Reëlings en geriewe</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Wysig afdeling: Reëlings en geriewe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Reëlings en geriewe">wysig bron</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Saudi_security_forces_on_parade_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English_(16).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Saudi_security_forces_on_parade_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English_%2816%29.jpg/220px-Saudi_security_forces_on_parade_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English_%2816%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Saudi_security_forces_on_parade_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English_%2816%29.jpg/330px-Saudi_security_forces_on_parade_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English_%2816%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Saudi_security_forces_on_parade_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English_%2816%29.jpg/440px-Saudi_security_forces_on_parade_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English_%2816%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>’n Saoedi-veiligheidswag aan diens tydens die hadj.</figcaption></figure> Om elke jaar die nodige reëlings vir die toenemende getal pelgrims te tref is ’n logistieke probleem vir die regering van <a href="/wiki/Saoedi-Arabi%C3%AB" title="Saoedi-Arabië">Saoedi-Arabië</a>, wat sedert die 1950's meer as $100 miljard bestee het om geriewe te verbeter.<a href="#cite_note-Campo283-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-Harrison156-25">[24]</a> Belangrike kwessies soos huisvesting, vervoer, sanitasie en gesondheidsorg is grootliks verbeter deur die instelling van verskeie ontwikkelingsprogramme deur die regering, met die gevolg dat daar deesdae moderne geriewe is en verskeie rituele maklik uitgevoer kan word.<a href="#cite_note-RESA-46">[45]</a> Kwotas word dikwels vir verskillende lande vasgestel om die getal besoekers te beheer en veiligheidsmagte en kameras sorg vir algehele veiligheid tydens die hadj.<a href="#cite_note-Campo283-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-Harrison156-25">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a> Verskeie instellings en regeringsprogramme soos hadj-subsisies help pelgrims hul koste dek.<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vervoer">Vervoer</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Wysig afdeling: Vervoer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Vervoer">wysig bron</a>]</div> Pelgrims reis gewoonlik in groepe na die hadj. In die vroeë 19de eeu is reise in karavane oor land onderneem, en later het hulle meestal met stoomskepe gereis. Dit het ’n tyd lank geduur<a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a> tot lugvervoer die mees algemene manier van reis geword het; Egipte het in 1937 die eerste lugdiens vir hadj-reisigers ingestel.<a href="#cite_note-Long48-66">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-Miller2006-67">[66]</a> Vandag bied baie reisagente en lugdienste hadj-pakkette aan wat reisreëlings en huisvesting insluit.<a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a> <a href="/wiki/Koning_Abdoelaziz_Internasionale_Lughawe" title="Koning Abdoelaziz Internasionale Lughawe">Lughawens in Djedda</a> en <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> het <a href="/wiki/Koning_Abdoelaziz_Internasionale_Lughawe#Hadj-terminaal" title="Koning Abdoelaziz Internasionale Lughawe">spesiale terminale vir pelgrims</a>.<a href="#cite_note-RESA2-69">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> Baie <a href="/wiki/Lughawe" title="Lughawe">lughawens</a> in ander lande het ook spesiale terminale wat die vertrek en terugkeer van pelgrims vergemaklik.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> Baie lugdienste het ekstra vlugte tydens die hadj om die groot getal pelgrims te akkommodeer.<a href="#cite_note-Harrison156-25">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-RESA2-69">[68]</a> Tydens die hadj reis pelgrims per bus of te voet tussen die verskillende terreine. Die Saoedi-regering beheer voertuigtoegang tot dié besige gebiede streng. Soms duur ’n reis ure weens die swaar voertuig- of voetgangerverkeer. In 2010 het die Saoedi-regering ’n enkelspoor ingestel tussen Arafat, Moezdalifa en Mina. Dit verkort die reis tydens die kritieke "Nafra" van Arafat na Moezdalifa tot minute. Dit is egter nie toeganklik vir alle pelgrims nie en word streng beheer. Tans kan dit sowat 500 000 mense vervoer. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Moderne_probleme_met_skarebeheer">Moderne probleme met skarebeheer</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Wysig afdeling: Moderne probleme met skarebeheer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Moderne probleme met skarebeheer">wysig bron</a>]</div> Die getal pelgrims het die afgelope jare geweldig toegeneem, en dit het gelei tot verskeie ongelukke en sterftes weens verdringing. Die eerste groot ongeluk in moderne tye het in 1990 plaasgevind, toe ’n toeloop in ’n tonnel by Medina die dood van 1 462 mense veroorsaak het.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> Daarna is verskeie skarebeheermaatreëls in werking gestel om veiligheid te verseker. Weens die groot skares het party van die rituele meer simbolies geword. Dit is byvoorbeeld nie meer nodig om die Swart Steen te soen nie. Pelgrims kan bloot daarna wys in elke omsirkeling van die Kaäba. Die pilare vir die gooi van klippe is ook in 2004 verander in lang mure met plekke daaronder waar die die klippe opgevang word.<a href="#cite_note-Marshall90-56">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mohamed54-57">[56]</a> Nog ’n voorbeeld is die offering van diere wat nou deur aangewese slagplase hanteer word sonder dat pelgrims self teenwoordig hoef te wees.<a href="#cite_note-AtoZ-39">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-CGOIJ-73">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a> Vir 2016 se hadj het die Saoedi-regering ook elektroniese <a href="/wiki/GPS" title="GPS">GPS</a>-opsporingsarmbande beskikbaar gestel.<a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a> Ondanks dié veiligheidsmaatreëls kan voorvalle steeds voorkom tydens die hadj wanneer daar ’n toeloop is of platforms meegee onder die gewig van die baie besoekers. In 2015 het ’n toeloop die dood van 769 mense en die besering van 934 mense veroorsaak, volgens die Saoedi-owerhede.<a href="#cite_note-Gambrell-76">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC-25SEP-77">[76]</a> In ’n verslag van Associated Press is die dodetal op 1 470 geraam na aanleiding van amptelike verslae van ander lande, en dit maak dit die grootste sodanige ramp tot op datum.<a href="#cite_note-Gambrell-76">[75]</a> Kommer is in 2013 en 2014 uitgespreek oor die verspreiding van <a href="/wiki/Midde-Ooste" title="Midde-Ooste">Midde-Oosterse</a> asemhalingsindroom weens die groot skares.<a href="#cite_note-time_2013-78">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> Volgens die Saoedi-minister van gesondheid is geen gevalle van dié siekte nog onder pelgrims bespeur nie.<a href="#cite_note-vancouversun-80">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Betekenis">Betekenis</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Wysig afdeling: Betekenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Betekenis">wysig bron</a>]</div> Die hadj het vir Moslems ’n godsdienstige sowel as sosiale betekenis. Buiten dat dit ’n godsdiensplig is, hou dit vir hulle ’n spirituele belang in wat hulle ’n geleentheid tot selfvernuwing gee.<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> Die hadj dien as ’n herinnering aan die Oordeelsdag, wanneer mense voor God te staan sal kom.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hadit" title="Hadit">Hadit</a>-geskrifte (aanhalings van Mohammed) lê klem op verskeie voordele wat ’n pelgrim geniet as hy die hadj suksesvol afgelê het.<a href="#cite_note-83">[nota 2]</a> Ná hul terugkeer kan pelgrims die titel "Al-Hadji" voor hul naam skryf en word hulle met respek in die Moslemgemeenskap bejeën.<a href="#cite_note-Andrea67-84">[82]</a> Islam-geleerdes meen egter die hadj behoort ’n aanduiding van ’n persoon se godsdiensverbintenis te wees en nie beskou te word as ’n meting van sy sosiale status nie.<a href="#cite_note-Andrea67-84">[82]</a> Die hadj bring Moslems van oor die hele wêreld bymekaar en verenig hulle ongeag hul ras, kleur en kultuur, en dit dien as ’n simbool van gelykheid.<a href="#cite_note-Nigosian111-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC-58">[57]</a> Volgens ’n studie van 2008 oor die uitwerking van die deelname aan die hadj onder Islam-pelgrims word Moslemgemeenskappe positiewer en verdraagsamer ná die hadj. Die studie, met die titel Estimating the Impact of the Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam's Global Gathering, wat in samewerking met die <a href="/wiki/Harvard-universiteit" title="Harvard-universiteit">Harvard-universiteit</a> se John F. Kennedy-regeringskool gedoen is, dui aan die hadj "verhoog die geloof in gelykheid en harmonie onder etniese groepe en Islamitiese seksies en lei tot gunstiger houdings jeens vroue, insluitende ’n groter aanvaarding van hul opvoeding en werkneming", en "hadjies glo meer geredelik in vrede, en in gelykheid en harmonie onder aanhangers van verskillende gelowe".<a href="#cite_note-85">[83]</a> Die Amerikaanse menseregte-aktivis <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malcolm_X&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malcolm X (bladsy bestaan nie)">Malcolm X</a> het die sosiologiese atmosfeer wat hy in die 1960's op sy hadj ervaar het, as volg beskryf: <blockquote class="templatequote"><div>Daar was tienduisende pelgrims, van oor die hele wêreld. Hulle was van alle kleure, van blonde mense met blou oë tot swart Afrikane. Maar ons het almal aan dieselfde ritueel deelgeneem, en ’n gees van eenheid en broederskap ervaar wat my ondervindings in Amerika my laat glo het nooit kan bestaan tussen wit en nie-wit nie. Amerika behoort Islam te verstaan, want dit is die een geloof wat die rasseprobleem uit sy gemeenskap uitwis. Jy kan geskok wees dat ek dié woorde uiter. Maar wat ek op hierdie pelgrimstog gesien en ervaar het, het my oorreed om baie van my vorige gedagtepatrone te wysig.<a href="#cite_note-XHaley1999-86">[84]</a> </div></blockquote> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Masjid_al-Haram_panorama.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Masjid_al-Haram_panorama.JPG/800px-Masjid_al-Haram_panorama.JPG" decoding="async" width="800" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Masjid_al-Haram_panorama.JPG/1200px-Masjid_al-Haram_panorama.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Masjid_al-Haram_panorama.JPG/1600px-Masjid_al-Haram_panorama.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5464" data-file-height="972" /></a><figcaption><center>’n Panoroma van Al-Masdjid al-Haram tydens die hadj van 2007.</center></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Getal_pelgrims_per_jaar">Getal pelgrims per jaar</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Wysig afdeling: Getal pelgrims per jaar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Getal pelgrims per jaar">wysig bron</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Annual_human_migration_world_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Annual_human_migration_world_map.svg/220px-Annual_human_migration_world_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Annual_human_migration_world_map.svg/330px-Annual_human_migration_world_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Annual_human_migration_world_map.svg/440px-Annual_human_migration_world_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>Piktografiese wêreldkaart wat die grootste periodieke menslike migrasie-gebeurtenisse vergelyk<a href="#cite_note-87">[85]</a></figcaption></figure> Daar was die afgelope 92 jaar ’n aansienlike toename in die getal pelgrims, en die getal buitelandse pelgrims het met sowat 2 824 persent toegeneem, van 58 584 in 1920 tot 1 752 932 in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-History-88">[86]</a> Vanweë ontwikkelings en uitbreidings by Al-Masdjid al-Haram het die Saoedi-regering die getal pelgrims in 2013 beperk.<a href="#cite_note-89">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[88]</a> Die getalle het sedert 1920 soos volg toegeneem: <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Jaar</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Islamitiese_kalender" title="Islamitiese kalender">AH</a></th> <th>Plaaslik pelgrims</th> <th>Buitelandse pelgrims</th> <th>Totaal </th></tr> <tr> <td>1920</td> <td>1338</td> <td></td> <td>58 584<a href="#cite_note-History-88">[86]</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1921</td> <td>1339</td> <td></td> <td>57 255<a href="#cite_note-History-88">[86]</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1922</td> <td>1340</td> <td></td> <td>56 319<a href="#cite_note-History-88">[86]</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1950</td> <td>1369</td> <td></td> <td>(sowat) 100 000<a href="#cite_note-Marshall86-1">[1]</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995</td> <td>1415</td> <td></td> <td>910 157<a href="#cite_note-91">[89]</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996</td> <td>1416</td> <td>784 769</td> <td>1 080 465<a href="#cite_note-RESA1997-92">[90]</a></td> <td>1 865 234 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997</td> <td>1417</td> <td>774 260</td> <td>1 168 591<a href="#cite_note-RESA1997-92">[90]</a></td> <td>1 942 851 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998</td> <td>1418</td> <td>699 770</td> <td>1 132 344</td> <td>1 832 114<a href="#cite_note-93">[91]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999</td> <td>1419</td> <td>775 268</td> <td>1 056 730</td> <td>1 831 998 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td>1420</td> <td>466 430<a href="#cite_note-RESA2000-94">[92]</a></td> <td>1 267 355</td> <td>1 733 785<a href="#cite_note-RESA2000-94">[92]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001</td> <td>1421</td> <td>440 808</td> <td>1 363 992</td> <td>1 804 800<a href="#cite_note-95">[93]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002</td> <td>1422</td> <td>590 576</td> <td>1 354 184</td> <td>1 944 760 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003</td> <td>1423</td> <td>493 230</td> <td>1 431 012</td> <td>1 924 242<a href="#cite_note-96">[94]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004</td> <td>1424</td> <td>473 004<a href="#cite_note-culmination-97">[95]</a></td> <td>1 419 706<a href="#cite_note-98">[96]</a></td> <td>1 892 710<a href="#cite_note-culmination-97">[95]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005</td> <td>1425</td> <td>(sowat) 1 030 000</td> <td>1 534 769</td> <td>(sowat) 2 560 000<a href="#cite_note-99">[97]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006</td> <td>1426</td> <td>573 147</td> <td>1 557 447</td> <td>2 130 594<a href="#cite_note-100">[98]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006</td> <td>1427</td> <td>724 229</td> <td>1 654 407</td> <td>2 378 636<a href="#cite_note-101">[99]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007</td> <td>1428</td> <td>746 511</td> <td>1 707 814</td> <td>2 454 325<a href="#cite_note-102">[100]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008</td> <td>1429</td> <td></td> <td>1 729 841<a href="#cite_note-103">[101]</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009</td> <td>1430</td> <td>154 000</td> <td>1 613 000</td> <td>2 521 000<a href="#cite_note-104">[102]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010</td> <td>1431</td> <td>989 798</td> <td>1 799 601</td> <td>2 854 345<a href="#cite_note-105">[103]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011</td> <td>1432</td> <td>1 099 522</td> <td>1 828 195</td> <td>2 927 717<a href="#cite_note-106">[104]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012</td> <td>1433</td> <td>1 408 641</td> <td>1 752 932</td> <td>3 161 573<a href="#cite_note-107">[105]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013</td> <td>1434</td> <td>(sowat) 700 000<a href="#cite_note-108">[106]</a></td> <td>1 379 531<a href="#cite_note-109">[107]</a></td> <td>(sowat) 2 061 573 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014</td> <td>1435</td> <td>(sowat) 700 000<a href="#cite_note-AN2014-110">[108]</a></td> <td>1 389 053<a href="#cite_note-111">[109]</a></td> <td>(sowat) 2 089 053<a href="#cite_note-AN2014-110">[108]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015</td> <td>1436</td> <td>(sowat) 615 059</td> <td>1 384 941<a href="#cite_note-112">[110]</a></td> <td>(sowat) 2 000 000<a href="#cite_note-TheDailyStar2015-32">[31]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016</td> <td>1437</td> <td>(sowat) 537 537</td> <td>1 325 372</td> <td>(sowat) 2 000 000<a href="#cite_note-113">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[112]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017</td> <td>1438</td> <td>600 108</td> <td>1 752 014</td> <td>2 352 122<a href="#cite_note-stats-115">[113]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018</td> <td>1439</td> <td>612 953</td> <td>1 758 722</td> <td>2 371 675<a href="#cite_note-stats-115">[113]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Galery">Galery</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Wysig afdeling: Galery" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Galery">wysig bron</a>]</div> <center><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Die heuwel Safa in Al-Masdjid al-Haram."><img alt="Die heuwel Safa in Al-Masdjid al-Haram." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg/120px-Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg/180px-Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg/240px-Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Die heuwel Safa in Al-Masdjid al-Haram.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca,_Saudi_Arabia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Al-Masdjid al-Haram."><img alt="Al-Masdjid al-Haram." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/120px-Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/180px-Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/240px-Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Al-Masdjid al-Haram.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Aqaba_the_big_one.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Die grootste djamara (pilaar)."><img alt="Die grootste djamara (pilaar)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Aqaba_the_big_one.jpg/120px-Aqaba_the_big_one.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Aqaba_the_big_one.jpg/180px-Aqaba_the_big_one.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Aqaba_the_big_one.jpg/240px-Aqaba_the_big_one.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Die grootste djamara (pilaar).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Zamzamwill.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Pelgrims besoek die Zamzam-put."><img alt="Pelgrims besoek die Zamzam-put." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Zamzamwill.JPG/120px-Zamzamwill.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Zamzamwill.JPG/180px-Zamzamwill.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Zamzamwill.JPG/240px-Zamzamwill.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pelgrims besoek die Zamzam-put.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Mount_Arafat.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Berg Arafat."><img alt="Berg Arafat." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Mount_Arafat.jpg/120px-Mount_Arafat.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Mount_Arafat.jpg/180px-Mount_Arafat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Mount_Arafat.jpg/240px-Mount_Arafat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2880" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Berg Arafat.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Mecca-1850.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Uitbeelding van Mekka in 1850."><img alt="Uitbeelding van Mekka in 1850." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mecca-1850.jpg/120px-Mecca-1850.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mecca-1850.jpg/180px-Mecca-1850.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mecca-1850.jpg/240px-Mecca-1850.jpg 2x" data-file-width="593" data-file-height="390" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Uitbeelding van Mekka in 1850.</div> </li> </ul></center> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas">Notas</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Wysig afdeling: Notas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Notas">wysig bron</a>]</div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a> Ibn Jubayr het geraamtes gesien van gelowiges wat op pad van dors omgekom het. In die 17de eeu het ’n groep Egiptiese pelgrims meer as 1 500 mense en 900 kamele verloor. In 1924 het sowat ’n vyfde van ’n Siriese groep pelgrims gesterf en twee jaar later het 12 000 mense vermoedelik tydens die reis gesterf. [Islam in the World deur Malise Ruthven. Granta Publications, 2006. bl. 2. <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/1862079064" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-86207-906-4</a>.] </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">↑</a> Volgens een van dié aanhalings het die profeet gesê: "Wie ook al die hadj vir Allah voltooi het en nie seksuele omgang met sy vrou gehad en nie booshede of sonde gepleeg het nie, sal (sonder sonde van die hadj af) terugkeer asof hy opnuut gebore is." <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usc.edu/org/cmje/religious-texts/hadith/bukhari/026-sbt.php#002.026.596">Sahih al-Bukhari, 2:26:596</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160920233321/http://www.usc.edu/org/cmje/religious-texts/hadith/bukhari/026-sbt.php#002.026.596">Geargiveer</a> 20 September 2016 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings">wysig bron</a>]</div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Marshall86-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall86_1-0">1,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall86_1-1">1,1</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFLong2011" class="citation book cs1">Long, Matthew (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H_m14NlQQMYC&pg=PA86">Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures</a>. Marshall Cavendish Corporation. p. 86. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-7614-7926-0" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-7614-7926-0"><bdi>978-0-7614-7926-0</bdi></a>. Besoek op 2 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islamic+Beliefs%2C+Practices%2C+and+Cultures&rft.pages=86&rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish+Corporation&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-7614-7926-0&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH_m14NlQQMYC%26pg%3DPA86&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFNigosian2004" class="citation book cs1">Nigosian, S. A. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=my7hnALd_NkC&pg=PA110">Islam: Its History, Teaching, and Practices</a>. <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>: Indiana University Press. p. 110. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-253-21627-3" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-253-21627-3"><bdi>0-253-21627-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+Its+History%2C+Teaching%2C+and+Practices&rft.place=Indiana&rft.pages=110&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-253-21627-3&rft.aulast=Nigosian&rft.aufirst=S.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dmy7hnALd_NkC%26pg%3DPA110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/resources/traditions/islam">Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs – Islam</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111002114437/http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/resources/traditions/islam">Geargiveer</a> 2 Oktober 2011 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Sien "Islamic Practices" </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFMosher2005" class="citation book cs1">Mosher, Lucinda (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2b7fmfvpYZYC&pg=PA155">Praying: The Rituals of Faith</a>. Church Publishing, Inc. p. 155. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-59627-016-9" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-59627-016-9"><bdi>978-1-59627-016-9</bdi></a>. Besoek op 18 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Praying%3A+The+Rituals+of+Faith&rft.pages=155&rft.pub=Church+Publishing%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-59627-016-9&rft.aulast=Mosher&rft.aufirst=Lucinda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2b7fmfvpYZYC%26pg%3DPA155&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nigosian111-5">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Nigosian111_5-0">5,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nigosian111_5-1">5,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nigosian111_5-2">5,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nigosian111_5-3">5,3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nigosian111_5-4">5,4</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFNigosian2004" class="citation book cs1">Nigosian, S. A. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=my7hnALd_NkC&pg=PA111">Islam: Its History, Teaching, and Practices</a>. <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>: Indiana University Press. p. 111. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-253-21627-3" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-253-21627-3"><bdi>0-253-21627-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+Its+History%2C+Teaching%2C+and+Practices&rft.place=Indiana&rft.pages=111&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-253-21627-3&rft.aulast=Nigosian&rft.aufirst=S.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dmy7hnALd_NkC%26pg%3DPA111&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFHooker2008" class="citation book cs1">Hooker, M. B. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-a1k57q6GmwC&pg=PT252">Indonesian Syariah: Defining a National School of Islamic Law</a>. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 228. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9789812308023" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9789812308023"><bdi>9789812308023</bdi></a>. Besoek op 6 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indonesian+Syariah%3A+Defining+a+National+School+of+Islamic+Law&rft.pages=228&rft.pub=Institute+of+Southeast+Asian+Studies&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9789812308023&rft.aulast=Hooker&rft.aufirst=M.+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-a1k57q6GmwC%26pg%3DPT252&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hajjpracticalities.heliohost.org/sixdayshajj/13th_of_zil_hajj.html">"13th of Zil Hajj"</a>. heliohost.org (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191028105128/http://www.hajjpracticalities.heliohost.org/sixdayshajj/13th_of_zil_hajj.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 28 Oktober 2019. Besoek op 7 September 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=heliohost.org&rft.atitle=13th+of+Zil+Hajj&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hajjpracticalities.heliohost.org%2Fsixdayshajj%2F13th_of_zil_hajj.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB-ihram-8">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-EB-ihram_8-0">8,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB-ihram_8-1">8,1</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/282481/ihram">ihram</a>".. (2014). URL besoek op 6 Oktober 2014.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=encyclopediaArticle&rft.title=ihram&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F282481%2Fihram&rft.date=2014">  </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080721005117/http://www.hajj.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=29&Itemid=53">"Ihram – Summary"</a>. Hajj Portal. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hajj.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=29&Itemid=53">die oorspronklike</a> op 21 Julie 2008. Besoek op 20 November 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hajj+Portal&rft.atitle=Ihram+%E2%80%93+Summary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hajj.org.au%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D29%26Itemid%3D53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-armstrong-10"><a href="#cite_ref-armstrong_10-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFKaren_Armstrong2002" class="citation book cs1">Karen Armstrong (2002). Islam: A Short History. Modern Library Chronicles (Hersien uitg.). Modern Library. pp. 10–12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-8129-6618-X" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-8129-6618-X"><bdi>0-8129-6618-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+A+Short+History&rft.series=Modern+Library+Chronicles&rft.pages=10-12&rft.edition=Hersien&rft.pub=Modern+Library&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-8129-6618-X&rft.au=Karen+Armstrong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ngeo-11">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ngeo_11-0">11,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ngeo_11-1">11,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ngeo_11-2">11,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ngeo_11-3">11,3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ngeo_11-4">11,4</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFAnisa_MehdiJohn_Bredar2003" class="citation news cs1">Anisa Mehdi; John Bredar (2003). "Inside Makkah". National Geographic Society.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Inside+Makkah&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Anisa+Mehdi&rft.au=John+Bredar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc.co.uk-12">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-bbc.co.uk_12-0">12,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc.co.uk_12-1">12,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/holydays/eiduladha.shtml">"Eid ul Adha"</a> (in Engels). BBC. 7 September 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191004075944/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/holydays/eiduladha.shtml">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 4 Oktober 2019. Besoek op 30 Desember 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eid+ul+Adha&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2009-09-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fislam%2Fholydays%2Feiduladha.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB-13"><a href="#cite_ref-EB_13-0">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/252050/hajj">Hajj</a>".. (2014). URL besoek op 12 Augustus 2014.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=encyclopediaArticle&rft.title=Hajj&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F252050%2Fhajj&rft.date=2014">  </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFHaykal1994" class="citation book cs1">Haykal, Muhammad Husayn (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fOyO-TSo5nEC&pg=29">The Life of Muhammad</a>. The Other Press. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9789839154177" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9789839154177"><bdi>9789839154177</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+of+Muhammad&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=The+Other+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9789839154177&rft.aulast=Haykal&rft.aufirst=Muhammad+Husayn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfOyO-TSo5nEC%26pg%3D29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peters4-7-15">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Peters4-7_15-0">15,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Peters4-7_15-1">15,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFPeters1994" class="citation book cs1">Peters, F. E. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EK5MqskDYC0C&pg=PA4">The Hajj: The Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca and the Holy Places</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>: Princeton University Press. pp. 4–7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-691-02120-1" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-691-02120-1"><bdi>0-691-02120-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hajj%3A+The+Muslim+Pilgrimage+to+Mecca+and+the+Holy+Places&rft.place=New+Jersey&rft.pages=4-7&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-691-02120-1&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=F.+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEK5MqskDYC0C%26pg%3DPA4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFAl_Mubarakpuri2002" class="citation book cs1">Al Mubarakpuri, Safi ur Rahman (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r_80rJHIaOMC&pg=PA45">"Religions of the Arabs"</a>. The Sealed Nectar: Biography of the Noble Prophet. Darussalam. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9960-899-55-1" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9960-899-55-1"><bdi>9960-899-55-1</bdi></a>. Besoek op 6 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Religions+of+the+Arabs&rft.btitle=The+Sealed+Nectar%3A+Biography+of+the+Noble+Prophet&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=Darussalam&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9960-899-55-1&rft.aulast=Al+Mubarakpuri&rft.aufirst=Safi+ur+Rahman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dr_80rJHIaOMC%26pg%3DPA45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haykal439-17"><a href="#cite_ref-Haykal439_17-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFHusayn_Haykal2008" class="citation book cs1">Husayn Haykal, Muhammad (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fOyO-TSo5nEC&pg=PA439">The Life of Muhammad</a>. Selangor: Islamic Book Trust. pp. 439–40. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-983-9154-17-7" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-983-9154-17-7"><bdi>978-983-9154-17-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+of+Muhammad&rft.place=Selangor&rft.pages=439-40&rft.pub=Islamic+Book+Trust&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-983-9154-17-7&rft.aulast=Husayn+Haykal&rft.aufirst=Muhammad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfOyO-TSo5nEC%26pg%3DPA439&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Campo494-18"><a href="#cite_ref-Campo494_18-0">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OZbyz_Hr-eIC&lpg=PP1&dq=isbn%3A1438126964&pg=PA494#v=onepage&q&f=false">{{{title}}}</a>". Encyclopedia of Islam. (2009). Ed. Juan E. Campo. Facts On File. <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9780816054541" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8160-5454-1</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=encyclopediaArticle&rft.contributor=Juan+E.+Campo&rft.title=&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOZbyz_Hr-eIC%26lpg%3DPP1%26dq%3Disbn%253A1438126964%26pg%3DPA494%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rft.source=Encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.publisher=Facts+On+File&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-5454-1">  </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFPeters1994" class="citation book cs1">Peters, F. E. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EK5MqskDYC0C&pg=PA164">The Hajj: The Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca and the Holy Places</a>. Princeton University Press. p. 164. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-691-02619-0" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-691-02619-0"><bdi>978-0-691-02619-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hajj%3A+The+Muslim+Pilgrimage+to+Mecca+and+the+Holy+Places&rft.pages=164&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-691-02619-0&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=F.+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEK5MqskDYC0C%26pg%3DPA164&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Campo283-20">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Campo283_20-0">20,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Campo283_20-1">20,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Campo283_20-2">20,2</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OZbyz_Hr-eIC&lpg=PP1&dq=isbn%3A1438126964&pg=PA283#v=onepage&q&f=false">{{{title}}}</a>". Encyclopedia of Islam. (2009). Ed. Juan E. Campo. Facts On File. <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9780816054541" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8160-5454-1</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=encyclopediaArticle&rft.contributor=Juan+E.+Campo&rft.title=&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOZbyz_Hr-eIC%26lpg%3DPP1%26dq%3Disbn%253A1438126964%26pg%3DPA283%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rft.source=Encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.publisher=Facts+On+File&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-5454-1">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Singer141-21">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Singer141_21-0">21,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Singer141_21-1">21,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Singer141_21-2">21,2</a> Singer, Amy (2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zHBHBTNwBQoC&pg=PA141&dq=Amir+al+hajj+Ottoman&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-ruVVb73G4GbNszmgYgG&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Amir%20al%20hajj%20Ottoman&f=false">Constructing Ottoman Beneficence: An Imperial Soup Kitchen in Jerusalem</a>, SUNY Press, p. 141, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-7914-5351-3" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-7914-5351-3">978-0-7914-5351-3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zHBHBTNwBQoC&pg=PA141&dq=Amir+al+hajj+Ottoman&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-ruVVb73G4GbNszmgYgG&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Amir%20al%20hajj%20Ottoman&f=false">https://books.google.com/books?id=zHBHBTNwBQoC&pg=PA141&dq=Amir+al+hajj+Ottoman&hl=en&sa=X&ei=-ruVVb73G4GbNszmgYgG&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Amir%20al%20hajj%20Ottoman&f=false</a><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Constructing+Ottoman+Beneficence%3A+An+Imperial+Soup+Kitchen+in+Jerusalem&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.au=Singer%2C%26%2332%3BAmy&rft.date=2002&rft.pages=p.%26nbsp%3B141&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-7914-5351-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzHBHBTNwBQoC%26pg%3DPA141%26dq%3DAmir%2Bal%2Bhajj%2BOttoman%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3D-ruVVb73G4GbNszmgYgG%26ved%3D0CEQQ6AEwBA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DAmir%2520al%2520hajj%2520Ottoman%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Hadj">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Philipp102-04-22">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Philipp102-04_22-0">22,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Philipp102-04_22-1">22,1</a> Phillipp, Thomas (1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WoPF9T4ZiWsC&pg=PA102&dq=Amir+al+hajj&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3ruVVZSAN4mnNp_UgpAE&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Amir%20hajj&f=false">The Mamluks in Egyptian Politics and Society</a>, Cambridge University Press, pp. 102–104, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-521-59115-7" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-521-59115-7">978-0-521-59115-7</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WoPF9T4ZiWsC&pg=PA102&dq=Amir+al+hajj&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3ruVVZSAN4mnNp_UgpAE&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Amir%20hajj&f=false">https://books.google.com/books?id=WoPF9T4ZiWsC&pg=PA102&dq=Amir+al+hajj&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3ruVVZSAN4mnNp_UgpAE&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Amir%20hajj&f=false</a><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mamluks+in+Egyptian+Politics+and+Society&rft.aulast=Phillipp&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.au=Phillipp%2C%26%2332%3BThomas&rft.date=1998&rft.pages=pp.%26nbsp%3B102%E2%80%93104&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.isbn=978-0-521-59115-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWoPF9T4ZiWsC%26pg%3DPA102%26dq%3DAmir%2Bal%2Bhajj%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3D3ruVVZSAN4mnNp_UgpAE%26ved%3D0CCwQ6AEwAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DAmir%2520hajj%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Hadj">  </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFPeters1994" class="citation book cs1">Peters, F. E. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EK5MqskDYC0C&pg=PA71">The Hajj: The Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca and the Holy Places</a>. Princeton University Press. p. 71. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-691-02619-0" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-691-02619-0"><bdi>978-0-691-02619-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hajj%3A+The+Muslim+Pilgrimage+to+Mecca+and+the+Holy+Places&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-691-02619-0&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=F.+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEK5MqskDYC0C%26pg%3DPA71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harrison156-25">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Harrison156_25-0">24,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harrison156_25-1">24,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harrison156_25-2">24,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harrison156_25-3">24,3</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFHarrison2001" class="citation book cs1">Harrison, David, red. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=blJpqa-XApQC&pg=PA156">Tourism and the Less Developed World: Issues and Case Studies</a>. CABI. p. 156. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-85199-433-8" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-85199-433-8"><bdi>978-0-85199-433-8</bdi></a>. Besoek op 6 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tourism+and+the+Less+Developed+World%3A+Issues+and+Case+Studies&rft.pages=156&rft.pub=CABI&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-85199-433-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DblJpqa-XApQC%26pg%3DPA156&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reynolds33-26">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Reynolds33_26-0">25,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reynolds33_26-1">25,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFReynolds2012" class="citation book cs1">Reynolds, Gabriel Said (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HWfFX5XDjuIC&lpg=PT33&dq=Gregorian%20date%20of%20Hajj&pg=PT33#v=onepage&q=Gregorian%20date%20of%20Hajj&f=false">The Emergence of Islam: Classical Traditions in Contemporary Perspective</a>. Fortress Press. p. 33. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-4514-0812-6" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-4514-0812-6"><bdi>978-1-4514-0812-6</bdi></a>. Besoek op 15 November 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Emergence+of+Islam%3A+Classical+Traditions+in+Contemporary+Perspective&rft.pages=33&rft.pub=Fortress+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-4514-0812-6&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=Gabriel+Said&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHWfFX5XDjuIC%26lpg%3DPT33%26dq%3DGregorian%2520date%2520of%2520Hajj%26pg%3DPT33%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DGregorian%2520date%2520of%2520Hajj%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFSheikh2008" class="citation book cs1">Sheikh, Aziz, red. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mgwiloFTrKwC&pg=PA95">Caring for Muslim Patients</a>. Radcliffe Publishing. p. 95. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-85775-812-2" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-85775-812-2"><bdi>978-1-85775-812-2</bdi></a>. Besoek op 15 November 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Caring+for+Muslim+Patients&rft.pages=95&rft.pub=Radcliffe+Publishing&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-85775-812-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmgwiloFTrKwC%26pg%3DPA95&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Umm-al-Qura-Calendar-28">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Umm-al-Qura-Calendar_28-0">27,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Umm-al-Qura-Calendar_28-1">27,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/islam/ummalqura_principal.htm">"Principal Islamic Days of Observance according to Umm al-Qura Calendar"</a>. The Umm al-Qura Calendar of Saudi Arabia (in Engels). 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191028164511/http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/islam/ummalqura_principal.htm">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 28 Oktober 2019. Besoek op 24 November 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Umm+al-Qura+Calendar+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.atitle=Principal+Islamic+Days+of+Observance+according+to+Umm+al-Qura+Calendar&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.staff.science.uu.nl%2F~gent0113%2Fislam%2Fummalqura_principal.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2013/oct/15/hajj-celebrated-muslims-in-mecca-video">"Hajj celebrated by Muslims in Mecca – video"</a>. The Guardian (in Engels). 15 Oktober 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200227124015/https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2013/oct/15/hajj-celebrated-muslims-in-mecca-video">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 27 Februarie 2020. Besoek op 16 November 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Hajj+celebrated+by+Muslims+in+Mecca+%E2%80%93+video&rft.date=2013-10-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2Fvideo%2F2013%2Foct%2F15%2Fhajj-celebrated-muslims-in-mecca-video&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hajj-today-30"><a href="#cite_ref-Hajj-today_30-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/hajj-today/">"Hajj today"</a>. The Daily Star (in Engels). 14 Oktober 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180820140902/http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/hajj-today/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 20 Augustus 2018. Besoek op 16 November 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Hajj+today&rft.date=2013-10-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.thedailystar.net%2Fbeta2%2Fnews%2Fhajj-today%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dawn.com/news/1135961/islamic-state-militants-are-enemies-of-humanity-saudi-grand-mufti">"Islamic State militants are enemies of humanity: Saudi Grand Mufti"</a>. Dawn (in Engels). 3 Oktober 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200316123913/https://www.dawn.com/news/1135961/islamic-state-militants-are-enemies-of-humanity-saudi-grand-mufti">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 16 Maart 2020. Besoek op 16 November 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=Islamic+State+militants+are+enemies+of+humanity%3A+Saudi+Grand+Mufti&rft.date=2014-10-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1135961%2Fislamic-state-militants-are-enemies-of-humanity-saudi-grand-mufti&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheDailyStar2015-32">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-TheDailyStar2015_32-0">31,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheDailyStar2015_32-1">31,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/pilgrims-pray-peace-148021">"Hajj Performed: 2 million pilgrims pray for world peace"</a>. The Daily Star (in Engels). 24 September 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200316184022/https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/pilgrims-pray-peace-148021">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 16 Maart 2020. Besoek op 26 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Hajj+Performed%3A+2+million+pilgrims+pray+for+world+peace&rft.date=2015-09-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Ffrontpage%2Fpilgrims-pray-peace-148021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dunyanews.tv/en/World/352397-Rituals-of-the-hajj">"Rituals of the hajj - World - Dunya News"</a> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409232521/http://dunyanews.tv/en/World/352397-Rituals-of-the-hajj">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 9 April 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rituals+of+the+hajj+-+World+-+Dunya+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdunyanews.tv%2Fen%2FWorld%2F352397-Rituals-of-the-hajj&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-v3502133-34">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-v3502133_34-0">33,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-v3502133_34-1">33,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFHilleary" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hilleary, Cecily. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.voanews.com/a/muslims-mark-most-important-day-of-hajj-in-saudi-arabia/3502133.html">"Muslims Mark Most Important Day of Hajj in Saudi Arabia"</a> (in Georgies). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180820141006/https://www.voanews.com/a/muslims-mark-most-important-day-of-hajj-in-saudi-arabia/3502133.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 20 Augustus 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muslims+Mark+Most+Important+Day+of+Hajj+in+Saudi+Arabia&rft.aulast=Hilleary&rft.aufirst=Cecily&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fa%2Fmuslims-mark-most-important-day-of-hajj-in-saudi-arabia%2F3502133.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/08/hajj-2016-long-160814152909463.html">"Hajj 2017: When is it and how long does it take?"</a>. www.aljazeera.com (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200331161926/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/08/hajj-2016-long-160814152909463.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 31 Maart 2020. Besoek op 22 Augustus 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aljazeera.com&rft.atitle=Hajj+2017%3A+When+is+it+and+how+long+does+it+take%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F08%2Fhajj-2016-long-160814152909463.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gent-36">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Gent_36-0">35,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gent_36-1">35,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gent_36-2">35,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gent_36-3">35,3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gent_36-4">35,4</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFvan_Gent" class="citation web cs1">van Gent, Robert Harry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webspace.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/islam/ummalqura_principal.htm">"The Umm al-Qura Calendar of Saudi Arabia"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Umm+al-Qura+Calendar+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.aulast=van+Gent&rft.aufirst=Robert+Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwebspace.science.uu.nl%2F~gent0113%2Fislam%2Fummalqura_principal.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Campo282-37"><a href="#cite_ref-Campo282_37-0">↑</a> <cite style="font-style:normal"> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OZbyz_Hr-eIC&lpg=PP1&dq=isbn%3A1438126964&pg=PA282#v=onepage&q&f=false">{{{title}}}</a>". Encyclopedia of Islam. (2009). Ed. Juan E. Campo. Facts On File. <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9780816054541" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8160-5454-1</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=encyclopediaArticle&rft.contributor=Juan+E.+Campo&rft.title=&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOZbyz_Hr-eIC%26lpg%3DPP1%26dq%3Disbn%253A1438126964%26pg%3DPA282%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rft.source=Encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.publisher=Facts+On+File&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-5454-1">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Neusner178-38">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Neusner178_38-0">37,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neusner178_38-1">37,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFNeusner2000" class="citation book cs1">Neusner, Jacob (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jRkRAQAAIAAJ&q=Hajj+muslims+commemorate+events+associate+Abraham&dq=Hajj+muslims+commemorate+events+associate+Abraham&hl=en&sa=X&ei=VpkyVO6QD4uSuQSbj4KIAw&redir_esc=y">World Religions in America: An Introduction</a>. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 178. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-664-25839-9" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-664-25839-9"><bdi>978-0-664-25839-9</bdi></a>. Besoek op 6 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+Religions+in+America%3A+An+Introduction&rft.pages=178&rft.pub=Westminster+John+Knox+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-664-25839-9&rft.aulast=Neusner&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjRkRAQAAIAAJ%26q%3DHajj%2Bmuslims%2Bcommemorate%2Bevents%2Bassociate%2BAbraham%26dq%3DHajj%2Bmuslims%2Bcommemorate%2Bevents%2Bassociate%2BAbraham%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3DVpkyVO6QD4uSuQSbj4KIAw%26redir_esc%3Dy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AtoZ-39">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-AtoZ_39-0">38,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AtoZ_39-1">38,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AtoZ_39-2">38,2</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFMohamed1996" class="citation book cs1">Mohamed, Mamdouh N. (1996). Hajj to Umrah: From A to Z. Amana Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-915957-54-X" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-915957-54-X"><bdi>0-915957-54-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hajj+to+Umrah%3A+From+A+to+Z&rft.pub=Amana+Publications&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-915957-54-X&rft.aulast=Mohamed&rft.aufirst=Mamdouh+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamqa.info/en/woman/36619">"The Muslim Woman – Rulings that apply only to women during Hajj – islamqa.info"</a>. islamqa.info (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180513081417/https://islamqa.info/en/woman/36619">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 13 Mei 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=islamqa.info&rft.atitle=The+Muslim+Woman+%E2%80%93+Rulings+that+apply+only+to+women+during+Hajj+%E2%80%93+islamqa.info&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fislamqa.info%2Fen%2Fwoman%2F36619&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marshall89-41">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall89_41-0">40,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall89_41-1">40,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFLong2011" class="citation book cs1">Long, Matthew (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H_m14NlQQMYC&pg=PA89">Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures</a>. Marshall Cavendish Corporation. p. 89. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-7614-7926-0" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-7614-7926-0"><bdi>978-0-7614-7926-0</bdi></a>. Besoek op 2 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islamic+Beliefs%2C+Practices%2C+and+Cultures&rft.pages=89&rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish+Corporation&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-7614-7926-0&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH_m14NlQQMYC%26pg%3DPA89&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Long16-42"><a href="#cite_ref-Long16_42-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFLong1979" class="citation book cs1">Long, David E. (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com./books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC&pg=PA16">The Hajj Today: A Survey of the Contemporary Pilgrimage to Makkah</a>. SUNY Press. p. 16. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-87395-382-7" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-87395-382-7"><bdi>0-87395-382-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hajj+Today%3A+A+Survey+of+the+Contemporary+Pilgrimage+to+Makkah&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=0-87395-382-7&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=David+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2Uk3Gh6xrUUC%26pg%3DPA16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Long17-43">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Long17_43-0">42,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Long17_43-1">42,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Long17_43-2">42,2</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFLong1979" class="citation book cs1">Long, David E. (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com./books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC&pg=PA17">The Hajj Today: A Survey of the Contemporary Pilgrimage to Makkah</a>. SUNY Press. p. 17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-87395-382-5" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-87395-382-5"><bdi>978-0-87395-382-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hajj+Today%3A+A+Survey+of+the+Contemporary+Pilgrimage+to+Makkah&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-87395-382-5&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=David+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2Uk3Gh6xrUUC%26pg%3DPA17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Adelowo401-44">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Adelowo401_44-0">43,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Adelowo401_44-1">43,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFAdelowo2014" class="citation book cs1">Adelowo, E. Dada, red. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ma-QBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA401">Perspectives in Religious Studies: Volume III</a>. Ibadan: HEBN Publishers Plc. p. 401. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9789780814472" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9789780814472"><bdi>9789780814472</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Perspectives+in+Religious+Studies%3A+Volume+III&rft.place=Ibadan&rft.pages=401&rft.pub=HEBN+Publishers+Plc&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9789780814472&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dma-QBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA401&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/news/597946">"Pilgrims complain of Zamzam water shortage in Makkah"</a>. Arab News (in Engels). 7 Julie 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161222055151/http://www.arabnews.com/news/597946">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 22 Desember 2016. Besoek op 7 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arab+News&rft.atitle=Pilgrims+complain+of+Zamzam+water+shortage+in+Makkah&rft.date=2014-07-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnews%2F597946&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RESA-46">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-RESA_46-0">45,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RESA_46-1">45,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RESA_46-2">45,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RESA_46-3">45,3</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160726052049/http://www.saudiembassy.net/issues/hajj/">"Hajj"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/issues/hajj/">die oorspronklike</a> op 26 Julie 2016. Besoek op 12 Augustus 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hajj&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Fissues%2Fhajj%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Adelowo403-47">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Adelowo403_47-0">46,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Adelowo403_47-1">46,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFAdelowo2014" class="citation book cs1">Adelowo, E. Dada, red. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ma-QBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA403">Perspectives in Religious Studies: Volume III</a>. Ibadan: HEBN Publishers Plc. p. 403. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9789780814472" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9789780814472"><bdi>9789780814472</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Perspectives+in+Religious+Studies%3A+Volume+III&rft.place=Ibadan&rft.pages=403&rft.pub=HEBN+Publishers+Plc&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9789780814472&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dma-QBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA403&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFDAVID_BENTLEY" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">DAVID BENTLEY. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/whats-on/whats-on-news/eid-al-adha-2016-what-11862345">"Eid al-Adha 2016 – What is the Day of Arafah before the Eid celebrations and why is it so important?"</a> (in Engels). birminghammail.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170809210942/http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/whats-on/whats-on-news/eid-al-adha-2016-what-11862345">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 9 Augustus 2017. Besoek op 11 September 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Eid+al-Adha+2016+%E2%80%93+What+is+the+Day+of+Arafah+before+the+Eid+celebrations+and+why+is+it+so+important%3F&rft.au=DAVID+BENTLEY&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.birminghammail.co.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Fwhats-on-news%2Feid-al-adha-2016-what-11862345&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Long19-49">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Long19_49-0">48,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Long19_49-1">48,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Long19_49-2">48,2</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFLong1979" class="citation book cs1">Long, David E. (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com./books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC&pg=PA19">The Hajj Today: A Survey of the Contemporary Pilgrimage to Makkah</a>. p. 19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-87395-382-7" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-87395-382-7"><bdi>0-87395-382-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hajj+Today%3A+A+Survey+of+the+Contemporary+Pilgrimage+to+Makkah&rft.pages=19&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=0-87395-382-7&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=David+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2Uk3Gh6xrUUC%26pg%3DPA19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a> Sahih Muslim-Hadith No 2941.2944 </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a> Sahih Bukhari Hadith No: 732,733, en 734 </li> <li id="cite_note-al-Hasani-52">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-al-Hasani_52-0">51,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-al-Hasani_52-1">51,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-al-Hasani_52-2">51,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-al-Hasani_52-3">51,3</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFal-Hasani2009" class="citation book cs1">al-Hasani, Abu Qanit al-Sharif (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wKZJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA220">The Guiding Helper: Main Text and Explanatory Notes</a>. Lulu.com. p. 220. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-4452-3791-6" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-4452-3791-6"><bdi>978-1-4452-3791-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Guiding+Helper%3A+Main+Text+and+Explanatory+Notes&rft.pages=220&rft.pub=Lulu.com&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4452-3791-6&rft.aulast=al-Hasani&rft.aufirst=Abu+Qanit+al-Sharif&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwKZJAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA220&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130521140626/http://www.easyhajj.co.uk/throwingpebbles.php">"easyhajj.co.uk"</a> (in Engels). easyhajj.co.uk. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.easyhajj.co.uk/throwingpebbles.php">die oorspronklike</a> op 21 Mei 2013. Besoek op 19 Desember 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=easyhajj.co.uk&rft.pub=easyhajj.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.easyhajj.co.uk%2Fthrowingpebbles.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFNigosian2004" class="citation book cs1">Nigosian (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=my7hnALd_NkC&pg=PA112">Islam: Its History, Teaching, and Practices</a>. p. 112. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-253-21627-3" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-253-21627-3"><bdi>0-253-21627-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+Its+History%2C+Teaching%2C+and+Practices&rft.pages=112&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-253-21627-3&rft.au=Nigosian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dmy7hnALd_NkC%26pg%3DPA112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a> Ayatollah al Hajj ash‑Shaikh Husain Mazaheri, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://al-islam.org/secretsofthehajj/5.htm">Secret of the Hajj</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101228061542/http://www.al-islam.org/secretsofthehajj/5.htm">Geargiveer</a> 28 Desember 2010 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Marshall90-56">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall90_56-0">55,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marshall90_56-1">55,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H_m14NlQQMYC&pg=PA90">Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures</a>. Marshall Cavendish Corporation. 2011. p. 90. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-7614-7926-0" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-7614-7926-0"><bdi>978-0-7614-7926-0</bdi></a>. Besoek op 2 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islamic+Beliefs%2C+Practices%2C+and+Cultures&rft.pages=90&rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish+Corporation&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-7614-7926-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH_m14NlQQMYC%26pg%3DPA90&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mohamed54-57">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Mohamed54_57-0">56,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mohamed54_57-1">56,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFGad-el-Hak2008" class="citation book cs1">Gad-el-Hak, Mohamed, red. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nfDs5KWqyzcC&pg=PA54">Large-Scale Disasters: Prediction, Control, and Mitigation</a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 54. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-139-47229-6" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-139-47229-6"><bdi>978-1-139-47229-6</bdi></a>. Besoek op 13 Januarie 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Large-Scale+Disasters%3A+Prediction%2C+Control%2C+and+Mitigation&rft.pages=54&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-139-47229-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnfDs5KWqyzcC%26pg%3DPA54&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-58">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_58-0">57,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_58-1">57,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/practices/hajj_1.shtml">"Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca"</a> (in Engels). BBC. 8 September 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191103141339/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/practices/hajj_1.shtml">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 3 November 2019. Besoek op 6 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hajj%3A+pilgrimage+to+Mecca&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2009-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fislam%2Fpractices%2Fhajj_1.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Long21-59">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Long21_59-0">58,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Long21_59-1">58,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFLong1979" class="citation book cs1">Long (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com./books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC&pg=PA21">The Hajj Today: A Survey of the Contemporary Pilgrimage to Makkah</a>. p. 21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-87395-382-7" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-87395-382-7"><bdi>0-87395-382-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hajj+Today%3A+A+Survey+of+the+Contemporary+Pilgrimage+to+Makkah&rft.pages=21&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=0-87395-382-7&rft.au=Long&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2Uk3Gh6xrUUC%26pg%3DPA21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a> Sahih Muslim Hadith no:2985,2994 </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFNorani_NoridinNordin_Yusof" class="citation book cs1">Norani Noridin; Nordin Yusof. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QlozJ12_C-8C&pg=PA32&dq=Quba+Mosque+Qiblatain&hl=en&ei=QDsdTb6-CZSxhAf21Iy3Dg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Quba%20Mosque%20Qiblatain&f=false">A life that matters: a spiritual experience</a>. The Other Press. p. 32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9789675062025" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9789675062025"><bdi>9789675062025</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+life+that+matters%3A+a+spiritual+experience&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=The+Other+Press&rft.isbn=9789675062025&rft.au=Norani+Noridin&rft.au=Nordin+Yusof&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQlozJ12_C-8C%26pg%3DPA32%26dq%3DQuba%2BMosque%2BQiblatain%26hl%3Den%26ei%3DQDsdTb6-CZSxhAf21Iy3Dg%26sa%3DX%26oi%3Dbook_result%26ct%3Dresult%26resnum%3D1%26ved%3D0CCsQ6AEwAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DQuba%2520Mosque%2520Qiblatain%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailystar.net/dhaka-seeks-reconsidering-20pc-cut-in-hajj-pilgrims-quota-12057">"Dhaka seeks reconsidering 20pc cut in Hajj pilgrims quota"</a>. The Daily Star (in Engels). 19 Februarie 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200307004609/https://www.thedailystar.net/dhaka-seeks-reconsidering-20pc-cut-in-hajj-pilgrims-quota-12057">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 7 Maart 2020. Besoek op 2 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Star&rft.atitle=Dhaka+seeks+reconsidering+20pc+cut+in+Hajj+pilgrims+quota&rft.date=2014-02-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailystar.net%2Fdhaka-seeks-reconsidering-20pc-cut-in-hajj-pilgrims-quota-12057&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/saudiarabia/8867639/Hajj-pilgrimage-2011-by-numbers.html">"Hajj pilgrimage 2011: by numbers"</a>. Telegraph (in Engels). 3 November 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200215232353/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/saudiarabia/8867639/Hajj-pilgrimage-2011-by-numbers.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 15 Februarie 2020. Besoek op 1 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Telegraph&rft.atitle=Hajj+pilgrimage+2011%3A+by+numbers&rft.date=2011-11-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fmiddleeast%2Fsaudiarabia%2F8867639%2FHajj-pilgrimage-2011-by-numbers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uphajcommittee.com/history.htm">"History of Haj Announcement India"</a> (in Engels). Government of Uttar Pradesh, India. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190904012443/http://uphajcommittee.com/history.htm">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 4 September 2019. Besoek op 15 September 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Haj+Announcement+India&rft.pub=Government+of+Uttar+Pradesh%2C+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuphajcommittee.com%2Fhistory.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFElfenbein2008" class="citation book cs1">Elfenbein, Caleb Heart Iyer (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8HPg4dgR5XEC&pg=PA209">Differentiating Islam: Colonialism, Sayyid Qutb, and Religious Transformation in Modern Egypt</a>. ProQuest. p. 209. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-549-98771-0" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-549-98771-0"><bdi>978-0-549-98771-0</bdi></a>. Besoek op 29 Augustus 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Differentiating+Islam%3A+Colonialism%2C+Sayyid+Qutb%2C+and+Religious+Transformation+in+Modern+Egypt&rft.pages=209&rft.pub=ProQuest&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-549-98771-0&rft.aulast=Elfenbein&rft.aufirst=Caleb+Heart+Iyer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8HPg4dgR5XEC%26pg%3DPA209&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Long48-66"><a href="#cite_ref-Long48_66-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFLong1979" class="citation book cs1">Long, David E. (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC&pg=PA48">The Hajj Today: A Survey of the Contemporary Pilgrimage to Makkah</a>. SUNY Press. p. 48. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-87395-382-7" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-87395-382-7"><bdi>0-87395-382-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hajj+Today%3A+A+Survey+of+the+Contemporary+Pilgrimage+to+Makkah&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=0-87395-382-7&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=David+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2Uk3Gh6xrUUC%26pg%3DPA48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miller2006-67"><a href="#cite_ref-Miller2006_67-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFMiller2006" class="citation journal cs1">Miller, M. B. (2006). "Pilgrims' Progress: The Business of the Hajj". Past & Present. 191 (1): 189–228. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fpastj%2Fgtj009">10.1093/pastj/gtj009</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0031-2746">0031-2746</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Past+%26+Present&rft.atitle=Pilgrims%27+Progress%3A+The+Business+of+the+Hajj&rft.volume=191&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=189-228&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fpastj%2Fgtj009&rft.issn=0031-2746&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=M.+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFHarrison2001" class="citation book cs1">Harrison, David, red. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=blJpqa-XApQC&pg=PA157">Tourism and the Less Developed World: Issues and Case Studies</a>. CABI. p. 157. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-85199-433-8" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-85199-433-8"><bdi>978-0-85199-433-8</bdi></a>. Besoek op 29 Augustus 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tourism+and+the+Less+Developed+World%3A+Issues+and+Case+Studies&rft.pages=157&rft.pub=CABI&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-85199-433-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DblJpqa-XApQC%26pg%3DPA157&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RESA2-69">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-RESA2_69-0">68,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RESA2_69-1">68,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051832/http://www.saudiembassy.net/about/country-information/transportation_and_communication/air_travel.aspx">"Air Travel"</a>. Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia (in Engels). 2013. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/about/country-information/transportation_and_communication/air_travel.aspx">die oorspronklike</a> op 4 Maart 2016. Besoek op 29 Augustus 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.atitle=Air+Travel&rft.date=2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Fabout%2Fcountry-information%2Ftransportation_and_communication%2Fair_travel.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/node/276926">"Pilgrims Start Arriving From India, Pakistan as Haj Terminal Is Officially Opened"</a>. Arab News (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161222073510/http://www.arabnews.com/node/276926">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 22 Desember 2016. Besoek op 26 Februarie 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arab+News&rft.atitle=Pilgrims+Start+Arriving+From+India%2C+Pakistan+as+Haj+Terminal+Is+Officially+Opened&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnode%2F276926&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.world-guides.com/asia/india/delhi/new-delhi/new_delhi_airport.html">"New Delhi Indira Gandhi International Airport (DEL) Information"</a>. World Guides (in Engels). TravelSmart Ltd. 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200215055048/http://www.world-guides.com/asia/india/delhi/new-delhi/new_delhi_airport.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 15 Februarie 2020. Besoek op 29 Augustus 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Guides&rft.atitle=New+Delhi+Indira+Gandhi+International+Airport+%28DEL%29+Information&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.world-guides.com%2Fasia%2Findia%2Fdelhi%2Fnew-delhi%2Fnew_delhi_airport.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bigstory.ap.org/article/aa29c2ecc36d4b748fedbb40d36b335f/glance-major-hajj-related-incidents-saudi-arabia">"Glance at major hajj-related incidents in Saudi Arabia"</a>. Associated Press (in Portugees). 11 September 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6cAiKZqk6?url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/aa29c2ecc36d4b748fedbb40d36b335f/glance-major-hajj-related-incidents-saudi-arabia">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 10 Oktober 2015. Besoek op 10 Oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=Glance+at+major+hajj-related+incidents+in+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2015-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbigstory.ap.org%2Farticle%2Faa29c2ecc36d4b748fedbb40d36b335f%2Fglance-major-hajj-related-incidents-saudi-arabia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CGOIJ-73"><a href="#cite_ref-CGOIJ_73-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cgijeddah.mkcl.org/Content.aspx?ID=752&PID=682">"Rituals of Haj Sacrifice"</a>. Consulate General of India, Jeddah. 3 Oktober 2013. Besoek op 24 Oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Consulate+General+of+India%2C+Jeddah&rft.atitle=Rituals+of+Haj+Sacrifice&rft.date=2013-10-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcgijeddah.mkcl.org%2FContent.aspx%3FID%3D752%26PID%3D682&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adahi.org/adahisite/default.aspx">"The Saudi Project for Utilization of Hajj Meat"</a>. ADAHI (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160722221726/http://www.adahi.org/adahisite/default.aspx">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 22 Julie 2016. Besoek op 24 Oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ADAHI&rft.atitle=The+Saudi+Project+for+Utilization+of+Hajj+Meat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adahi.org%2Fadahisite%2Fdefault.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/06/saudi-arabia-introduces-bracelets-hajj-safety-160630131905794.html">"Hajj 2016: Saudi Arabia introduces bracelets for safety"</a>. www.aljazeera.com (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190809202848/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/06/saudi-arabia-introduces-bracelets-hajj-safety-160630131905794.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 9 Augustus 2019. Besoek op 15 Augustus 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aljazeera.com&rft.atitle=Hajj+2016%3A+Saudi+Arabia+introduces+bracelets+for+safety&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F06%2Fsaudi-arabia-introduces-bracelets-hajj-safety-160630131905794.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gambrell-76">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Gambrell_76-0">75,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gambrell_76-1">75,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305110919/http://news.yahoo.com/ap-exclusive-saudi-hajj-disaster-deadliest-ever-strike-111906027.html">"Saudi crush was deadliest hajj tragedy ever"</a>. Associated Press (in Engels). 10 Oktober 2015. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.yahoo.com/ap-exclusive-saudi-hajj-disaster-deadliest-ever-strike-111906027.html">die oorspronklike</a> op 5 Maart 2016. Besoek op 10 Oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=Saudi+crush+was+deadliest+hajj+tragedy+ever&rft.date=2015-10-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fap-exclusive-saudi-hajj-disaster-deadliest-ever-strike-111906027.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-25SEP-77"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC-25SEP_77-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-34357383">"Hajj stampede: Saudis face growing criticism over deaths"</a>. BBC (in Engels). 25 September 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200331200127/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-34357383">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 31 Maart 2020. Besoek op 25 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Hajj+stampede%3A+Saudis+face+growing+criticism+over+deaths&rft.date=2015-09-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-34357383&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-time_2013-78"><a href="#cite_ref-time_2013_78-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFKatz2013" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Katz, Andrew (16 Oktober 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://science.time.com/2013/10/16/as-the-hajj-unfolds-in-saudi-arabia-a-deep-look-inside-the-battle-against-mers/">"As the Hajj Unfolds in Saudi Arabia, A Deep Look Inside the Battle Against MERS"</a> (in Engels). Time. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200229080716/https://science.time.com/2013/10/16/as-the-hajj-unfolds-in-saudi-arabia-a-deep-look-inside-the-battle-against-mers/">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 29 Februarie 2020. Besoek op 17 Oktober 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=As+the+Hajj+Unfolds+in+Saudi+Arabia%2C+A+Deep+Look+Inside+the+Battle+Against+MERS&rft.date=2013-10-16&rft.aulast=Katz&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscience.time.com%2F2013%2F10%2F16%2Fas-the-hajj-unfolds-in-saudi-arabia-a-deep-look-inside-the-battle-against-mers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFEaves2014" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Eaves, Elisabeth (9 Junie 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thebulletin.org/whos-maurizio-barbeschi-talks-about-mers-and-mass-events7230">"WHO's Maurizio Barbeschi Talks About MERS and Mass Events"</a> (in Engels). Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304200759/http://thebulletin.org/whos-maurizio-barbeschi-talks-about-mers-and-mass-events7230">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 4 Maart 2016. Besoek op 9 Junie 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=WHO%27s+Maurizio+Barbeschi+Talks+About+MERS+and+Mass+Events&rft.date=2014-06-09&rft.aulast=Eaves&rft.aufirst=Elisabeth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthebulletin.org%2Fwhos-maurizio-barbeschi-talks-about-mers-and-mass-events7230&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vancouversun-80"><a href="#cite_ref-vancouversun_80-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFBranswell2013" class="citation news cs1">Branswell, Helen (7 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225120349/http://www.vancouversun.com/health/Spain+reports+first+MERS+case+woman+travelled+Saudi+Arabia+Hajj/9133754/story.html%20">"Spain reports its first MERS case; woman travelled to Saudi Arabia for Hajj"</a>. The Vancouver Sun. The Canadian Press. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vancouversun.com/health/Spain+reports+first+MERS+case+woman+travelled+Saudi+Arabia+Hajj/9133754/story.html">die oorspronklike</a> op 25 Desember 2018. Besoek op 12 November 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Vancouver+Sun&rft.atitle=Spain+reports+its+first+MERS+case%3B+woman+travelled+to+Saudi+Arabia+for+Hajj&rft.date=2013-11-07&rft.aulast=Branswell&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vancouversun.com%2Fhealth%2FSpain%2Breports%2Bfirst%2BMERS%2Bcase%2Bwoman%2Btravelled%2BSaudi%2BArabia%2BHajj%2F9133754%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFSheikh2008" class="citation book cs1">Sheikh, Aziz, red. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mgwiloFTrKwC&pg=PA96">Caring for Muslim Patients</a>. Radcliffe Publishing. p. 96. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-85775-812-2" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-85775-812-2"><bdi>978-1-85775-812-2</bdi></a>. Besoek op 2 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Caring+for+Muslim+Patients&rft.pages=96&rft.pub=Radcliffe+Publishing&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-85775-812-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmgwiloFTrKwC%26pg%3DPA96&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFPowell1982" class="citation book cs1">Powell, William (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ytVtAAAAMAAJ&pq=PA113">Saudi Arabia and Its Royal Family</a>. Lyle Stuart. p. 113. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-8184-0326-2" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-8184-0326-2"><bdi>978-0-8184-0326-2</bdi></a>. Besoek op 7 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia+and+Its+Royal+Family&rft.pages=113&rft.pub=Lyle+Stuart&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-8184-0326-2&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DytVtAAAAMAAJ%26pq%3DPA113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Andrea67-84">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Andrea67_84-0">82,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Andrea67_84-1">82,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFAndrea_Schulte-Peevers2010" class="citation book cs1">Andrea Schulte-Peevers (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D8hmZIAaTGQC&pg=PA67">Oman, UAE & Arabian Peninsula</a>. Lonely Planet. p. 67. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-74179-145-7" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-74179-145-7"><bdi>978-1-74179-145-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oman%2C+UAE+%26+Arabian+Peninsula&rft.pages=67&rft.pub=Lonely+Planet&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-74179-145-7&rft.au=Andrea+Schulte-Peevers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD8hmZIAaTGQC%26pg%3DPA67&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1124213">"Estimating the Impact of the Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam's Global Gathering"</a>. Papers.ssrn.com. Besoek op 19 Desember 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Estimating+the+Impact+of+the+Hajj%3A+Religion+and+Tolerance+in+Islam%27s+Global+Gathering&rft.pub=Papers.ssrn.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D1124213&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-XHaley1999-86"><a href="#cite_ref-XHaley1999_86-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFMalcolm_XAlex_Haley1999" class="citation book cs1">Malcolm X; Alex Haley (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NlkifTXux_cC">The Autobiography of Malcolm X</a>. Ballantine Books. p. 346. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-345-35068-8" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-345-35068-8"><bdi>978-0-345-35068-8</bdi></a>. Besoek op 26 Februarie 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Autobiography+of+Malcolm+X&rft.pages=346&rft.pub=Ballantine+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-345-35068-8&rft.au=Malcolm+X&rft.au=Alex+Haley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNlkifTXux_cC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFMcCarthy" class="citation web cs1">McCarthy, Niall. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2018/02/14/chinese-new-year-the-worlds-largest-human-migration-is-about-to-begin-infographic">"Chinese New Year: The World's Largest Human Migration Is About To Begin"</a>. Forbes.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chinese+New+Year%3A+The+World%27s+Largest+Human+Migration+Is+About+To+Begin&rft.pub=Forbes&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=Niall&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforbes.com%2Fsites%2Fniallmccarthy%2F2018%2F02%2F14%2Fchinese-new-year-the-worlds-largest-human-migration-is-about-to-begin-infographic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-History-88">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-History_88-0">86,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-History_88-1">86,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-History_88-2">86,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-History_88-3">86,3</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-2-139473-Number-of-foreign-Hajis-grows-by-2824-percent-in-92-years">"Increase in Pilgrims"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121102022130/http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-2-139473-Number-of-foreign-Hajis-grows-by-2824-percent-in-92-years">Geargiveer</a> 2 November 2012 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The News International. URL besoek op 12 Maart 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">↑</a> Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India (8 Julie 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/21917/Reduction+in+Hajj+2013+Quota">"Reduction in Hajj 2013 Quota"</a>. Persberig. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/21917/Reduction+in+Hajj+2013+Quota">http://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/21917/Reduction+in+Hajj+2013+Quota</a>. Besoek op 17 September 2014.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Reduction+in+Hajj+2013+Quota&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Ministry+of+External+Affairs%2C+Government+of+India&rft.au=Ministry+of+External+Affairs%2C+Government+of+India&rft.date=8+Julie+2013&rft.series=Persberig&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmea.gov.in%2Fpress-releases.htm%3Fdtl%2F21917%2FReduction%2Bin%2BHajj%2B2013%2BQuota&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Hadj">  </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ph.news.yahoo.com/saudi-arabia-cuts-hajj-quota-foreign-pilgrims-20-213053607.html">"Saudi Arabia cuts Hajj Quota for foreign pilgrims by 20 percent"</a> (in Engels). Yahoo News. 19 Junie 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190415082549/https://ph.news.yahoo.com/saudi-arabia-cuts-hajj-quota-foreign-pilgrims-20-213053607.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 15 April 2019. Besoek op 17 September 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+cuts+Hajj+Quota+for+foreign+pilgrims+by+20+percent&rft.date=2013-06-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fph.news.yahoo.com%2Fsaudi-arabia-cuts-hajj-quota-foreign-pilgrims-20-213053607.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/1996/news/page170.aspx">"Ministry of Pilgrimage releases Hajj statistics"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 19 April 1996. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060047/http://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/1996/news/page170.aspx">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 4 Maart 2016. Besoek op 7 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ministry+of+Pilgrimage+releases+Hajj+statistics&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=1996-04-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Farchive%2F1996%2Fnews%2Fpage170.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RESA1997-92">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-RESA1997_92-0">90,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RESA1997_92-1">90,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/1997/news/page208.aspx">"Record number of pilgrims arrive for 1417 Hajj"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 15 April 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200318145148/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/1997/news/page208.aspx">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 18 Maart 2020. Besoek op 7 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Record+number+of+pilgrims+arrive+for+1417+Hajj&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=1997-04-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Farchive%2F1997%2Fnews%2Fpage208.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/1998/news/page352.aspx">"Final statistics for Hajj 1418 pilgrims"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 8 April 1998. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200303214712/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/1998/news/page352.aspx">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 3 Maart 2020. Besoek op 7 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Final+statistics+for+Hajj+1418+pilgrims&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=1998-04-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Farchive%2F1998%2Fnews%2Fpage352.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RESA2000-94">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-RESA2000_94-0">92,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RESA2000_94-1">92,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2000/news/Page460.aspx">"Ministry of Pilgrimage figures released for 1420 Haj"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 20 Maart 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200331043722/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2000/news/Page460.aspx">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 31 Maart 2020. Besoek op 7 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ministry+of+Pilgrimage+figures+released+for+1420+Haj&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2000-03-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Farchive%2F2000%2Fnews%2FPage460.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2001/news/page514.aspx">"Successful culmination of Hajj 1421"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 9 Maart 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200311190439/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2001/news/page514.aspx">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 11 Maart 2020. Besoek op 7 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Successful+culmination+of+Hajj+1421&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2001-03-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Farchive%2F2001%2Fnews%2Fpage514.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2003/news/page499.aspx">"Tragic deaths reported in crowding at Mina"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 11 Februarie 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200307022730/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2003/news/page499.aspx">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 7 Maart 2020. Besoek op 7 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tragic+deaths+reported+in+crowding+at+Mina&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2003-02-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Farchive%2F2003%2Fnews%2Fpage499.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-culmination-97">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-culmination_97-0">95,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-culmination_97-1">95,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2004/news/page759.aspx">"Culmination of 1424 Hajj witnesses stampede deaths"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 1 Februarie 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200305131347/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2004/news/page759.aspx">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 5 Maart 2020. Besoek op 7 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Culmination+of+1424+Hajj+witnesses+stampede+deaths&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2004-02-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Farchive%2F2004%2Fnews%2Fpage759.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2004/news/page764.aspx">"Hajj proceeding without incident"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 30 Januarie 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200305085922/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2004/news/page764.aspx">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 5 Maart 2020. Besoek op 7 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hajj+proceeding+without+incident&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2004-01-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Farchive%2F2004%2Fnews%2Fpage764.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2005/news/page806.aspx">"Prince Abdulmajeed declares Hajj 1425 a success"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 25 Januarie 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190826144637/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2005/news/page806.aspx">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 26 Augustus 2019. Besoek op 30 Julie 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prince+Abdulmajeed+declares+Hajj+1425+a+success&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2005-01-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Farchive%2F2005%2Fnews%2Fpage806.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2006/news/page919.aspx">"Number of Hajj pilgrims tops 2 million"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 10 Januarie 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200316184801/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2006/news/page919.aspx">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 16 Maart 2020. Besoek op 16 Januarie 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Number+of+Hajj+pilgrims+tops+2+million&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2006-01-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Farchive%2F2006%2Fnews%2Fpage919.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2006/news/page5.aspx">"More than 2.3 million pilgrims perform the Hajj this year"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 30 Desember 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200229035136/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2006/news/page5.aspx">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 29 Februarie 2020. Besoek op 30 Julie 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=More+than+2.3+million+pilgrims+perform+the+Hajj+this+year&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2006-12-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Farchive%2F2006%2Fnews%2Fpage5.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2007/news/page15.aspx">"More than 1.7 million pilgrims have arrived in Saudi Arabia for the Hajj"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 17 Desember 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200302213726/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2007/news/page15.aspx">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 2 Maart 2020. Besoek op 30 Julie 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=More+than+1.7+million+pilgrims+have+arrived+in+Saudi+Arabia+for+the+Hajj&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2007-12-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Farchive%2F2007%2Fnews%2Fpage15.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304184226/http://saudiembassy.net/affairs/recent-news/news12060801.aspx">"Record number of pilgrims arrive for Hajj"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 6 Desember 2008. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/affairs/recent-news/news12060801.aspx">die oorspronklike</a> op 4 Maart 2016. Besoek op 30 Julie 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Record+number+of+pilgrims+arrive+for+Hajj&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2008-12-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Faffairs%2Frecent-news%2Fnews12060801.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304062357/http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news11290904.aspx">"2,521,000 million pilgrims participated in Hajj 1430"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 29 November 2009. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news11290904.aspx">die oorspronklike</a> op 4 Maart 2016. Besoek op 8 Desember 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2%2C521%2C000+million+pilgrims+participated+in+Hajj+1430&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2009-11-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Flatest_news%2Fnews11290904.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161109210141/http://www.saudiembassy.or.jp/En/PressReleases/2010/20101118.htm">"2.8 million pilgrims participated in Hajj 1431"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 18 November 2010. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudiembassy.or.jp/En/PressReleases/2010/20101118.htm">die oorspronklike</a> op 9 November 2016. Besoek op 28 Desember 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2.8+million+pilgrims+participated+in+Hajj+1431&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2010-11-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.or.jp%2FEn%2FPressReleases%2F2010%2F20101118.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160430192735/http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news11061102.aspx">"2,927,717 pilgrims performed Hajj this year"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 6 November 2011. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news11061102.aspx">die oorspronklike</a> op 30 April 2016. Besoek op 16 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2%2C927%2C717+pilgrims+performed+Hajj+this+year&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2011-11-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Flatest_news%2Fnews11061102.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160530224201/http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news10271201.aspx">"3,161,573 pilgrims perform Hajj this year"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 27 Oktober 2012. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news10271201.aspx">die oorspronklike</a> op 30 Mei 2016. Besoek op 12 Maart 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=3%2C161%2C573+pilgrims+perform+Hajj+this+year&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2012-10-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Flatest_news%2Fnews10271201.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euronews.com/2013/10/14/two-million-pilgrims-taking-part-in-hajj-at-mecca-reach-mount-arafat/">"Two million pilgrims taking place in Hajj"</a> (in Engels). Euronews. 14 Oktober 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200319062016/https://www.euronews.com/2013/10/14/two-million-pilgrims-taking-part-in-hajj-at-mecca-reach-mount-arafat">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 19 Maart 2020. Besoek op 13 Februarie 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Two+million+pilgrims+taking+place+in+Hajj&rft.date=2013-10-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euronews.com%2F2013%2F10%2F14%2Ftwo-million-pilgrims-taking-part-in-hajj-at-mecca-reach-mount-arafat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304065109/http://saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news10131302.aspx">"1,379,531 pilgrims from 188 countries arrived for Hajj"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 13 Oktober 2013. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news10131302.aspx">die oorspronklike</a> op 4 Maart 2016. Besoek op 13 Februarie 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1%2C379%2C531+pilgrims+from+188+countries+arrived+for+Hajj&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2013-10-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Flatest_news%2Fnews10131302.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AN2014-110">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-AN2014_110-0">108,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AN2014_110-1">108,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/featured/news/639656">"Pilgrims stone 'devil' in last major Haj ritual; Eid Al-Adha begins"</a> (in Engels). Arab News. 6 Oktober 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303223405/http://www.arabnews.com/featured/news/639656">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 3 Maart 2016. Besoek op 7 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Pilgrims+stone+%27devil%27+in+last+major+Haj+ritual%3B+Eid+Al-Adha+begins&rft.date=2014-10-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Ffeatured%2Fnews%2F639656&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055329/http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news10021401.aspx">"Small increase in foreign pilgrims"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 2 Oktober 2014. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news10021401.aspx">die oorspronklike</a> op 4 Maart 2016. Besoek op 7 Oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Small+increase+in+foreign+pilgrims&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2014-10-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Flatest_news%2Fnews10021401.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111822/http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news09221501.aspx">"1,384,941 foreign pilgrims participated in Hajj"</a> (in Engels). Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia. 22 September 2015. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news09221501.aspx">die oorspronklike</a> op 4 Maart 2016. Besoek op 26 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1%2C384%2C941+foreign+pilgrims+participated+in+Hajj&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2015-09-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Flatest_news%2Fnews09221501.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alarabiya.net/ar/saudi-today/2016/09/11/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AD%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D9%87%D8%B0%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%88800-%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%81.html">Pilgrims in 1437, Saudi Today</a> URL besoek op 1 Oktober 2016 </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/photography/hajj-pilgrimage-in-pictures-saudia-arabia-muslims-mecca-a7311251.html">Eid al-Adha: Saudi Arabia's Hajj pilgrimage in pictures, The Independent, 16 September 2016</a> URL besoek op 1 Oktober 2016 </li> <li id="cite_note-stats-115">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-stats_115-0">113,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-stats_115-1">113,1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/28">"Haj Statistics"</a>. General Authority for Statistics, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (in Engels). 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200418021552/https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/28">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 18 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=General+Authority+for+Statistics%2C+Kingdom+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.atitle=Haj+Statistics&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.sa%2Fen%2F28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verdere_leesstof">Verdere leesstof</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Wysig afdeling: Verdere leesstof" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Verdere leesstof">wysig bron</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFBianchi2004" class="citation book cs1">Bianchi, Robert R. (2004). Guests of God: Pilgrimage and Politics in the Islamic World. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-19-517107-5" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-19-517107-5"><bdi>978-0-19-517107-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guests+of+God%3A+Pilgrimage+and+Politics+in+the+Islamic+World&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-19-517107-5&rft.aulast=Bianchi&rft.aufirst=Robert+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFHammoudi2006" class="citation book cs1">Hammoudi, Abdellah (2006). A Season in Mecca: Narrative of a Pilgrimage. Hill and Wang. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-8090-7609-3" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-8090-7609-3"><bdi>978-0-8090-7609-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Season+in+Mecca%3A+Narrative+of+a+Pilgrimage&rft.pub=Hill+and+Wang&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-8090-7609-3&rft.aulast=Hammoudi&rft.aufirst=Abdellah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Khan, Qaisra, "Hajj & 'Umra", in Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God (2 vols.), reds. C. Fitzpatrick en A. Walker, Santa Barbara, ABC-CLIO, 2014, Vol I, bl. 239–245.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFTrojanow2007" class="citation book cs1">Trojanow, Ilija (2007). Mumbai To Mecca: A Pilgrimage to the Holy Sites of Islam. Haus Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-904950-29-5" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-1-904950-29-5"><bdi>978-1-904950-29-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mumbai+To+Mecca%3A+A+Pilgrimage+to+the+Holy+Sites+of+Islam&rft.pub=Haus+Publishing&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-904950-29-5&rft.aulast=Trojanow&rft.aufirst=Ilija&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AHadj" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">wysig</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadj&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels">wysig bron</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hajjumrahguide.com/hajj_stepbystep.html">Hajj: step by step</a>[dooie skakel]</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islam-globe.com/books/Fisabilillah/12%20Ultimate%20Journey.pdf">Hajj & Umrah – Journey of a Lifetime</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305051412/http://www.islam-globe.com/books/Fisabilillah/12%20Ultimate%20Journey.pdf">Geargiveer</a> 5 Maart 2016 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – ’n e-boek</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qul.org.au/islamic-occasions/hajj-the-pilgrimage">Hajj – The Pilgrimage</a> – oor die hadj</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamicity.com/mosque/hajj">Hadj-inligtingsentrum</a> – ’n aanlyn bron by IslamiCity</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons logo"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> het meer media in die kategorie <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hajj" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hajj">Hadj</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Crystal_txt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/15px-Crystal_txt.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" 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