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control</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: frequency control"> <meta name="keywords" content="frequency control"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="frequency control"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 14194</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: frequency control</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14194</span> Application of Statistical Linearized Models for Investigations of Digital Dynamic Pulse-Frequency Control Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20H.%20Aitchanov">B. H. Aitchanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sh.%20K.%20Aitchanova"> Sh. K. Aitchanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20A.%20Baimuratov"> O. A. Baimuratov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is focused on dynamic pulse-frequency modulation (DPFM) control systems. Currently, the control law based on DPFM control signals is widely used in direct digital control subsystems introduced in the automated control systems of technological processes. Statistical analysis of automatic control systems is reduced to its construction of functional relationships between the statistical characteristics of the errors processes and input processes. Structural and dynamic Volterra models of digital pulse-frequency control systems can be used to develop methods for generating the dependencies, differing accuracy, requiring the amount of information about the statistical characteristics of input processes and computing labor intensity of their use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20dynamic%20pulse-frequency%20control%20systems" title="digital dynamic pulse-frequency control systems">digital dynamic pulse-frequency control systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20pulse-frequency%20modulation" title=" dynamic pulse-frequency modulation"> dynamic pulse-frequency modulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20object" title=" control object"> control object</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20filter" title=" discrete filter"> discrete filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impulse%20device" title=" impulse device"> impulse device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microcontroller" title=" microcontroller"> microcontroller</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13825/application-of-statistical-linearized-models-for-investigations-of-digital-dynamic-pulse-frequency-control-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14193</span> Determining Efficiency of Frequency Control System of Karkheh Power Plant in Main Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ferydon%20Salehifar">Ferydon Salehifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Safarikia"> Hassan Safarikia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Boromandfar"> Hossein Boromandfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Karkheh plant in Iran's Khuzestan province and is located in the city Andimeshk. The plant has a production capacity of 400 MW units with water and three hours. One of the important parameters of each country's power grid stability is the stability of the power grid is affected by the voltage and frequency In plants, the amount of active power frequency control is done so that when the unit is placed in the frequency control their productivity is a function of frequency and output power varies with frequency. Produced by hydroelectric power plants with the water level behind the dam has a direct relationship And to decrease and increase the water level behind the dam in order to reduce the power output increases But these changes have a different interval is due to some mechanical problems such as turbine cavitation and vibration are limited. In this study, the range of the frequency control can be Karkheh manufacturing plants have been identified and their effectiveness has been determined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karkheh%20power" title="Karkheh power">Karkheh power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20control%20system" title=" frequency control system"> frequency control system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20power" title=" active power"> active power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25787/determining-efficiency-of-frequency-control-system-of-karkheh-power-plant-in-main-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25787.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">620</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14192</span> Optimal Voltage and Frequency Control of a Microgrid Using the Harmony Search Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Abbasi">Hossein Abbasi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The stability is an important topic to plan and manage the energy in the microgrids as the same as the conventional power systems. The voltage and frequency stability is one of the most important issues recently studied in microgrids. The objectives of this paper are the modelling and designing of the components and optimal controllers for the voltage and frequency control of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid under the different disturbances. Since the PI controllers have the advantages of simple structure and easy implementation, so they are designed and modeled in this paper. The harmony search (HS) algorithm is used to optimize the controllers’ parameters. According to the achieved results, the PI controllers have a good performance in voltage and frequency control of the microgrid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20control" title="frequency control">frequency control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HS%20algorithm" title=" HS algorithm"> HS algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microgrid" title=" microgrid"> microgrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PI%20controller" title=" PI controller"> PI controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20control" title=" voltage control"> voltage control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42762/optimal-voltage-and-frequency-control-of-a-microgrid-using-the-harmony-search-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14191</span> Frequency Controller Design for Distributed Generation by Load Shedding: Multi-Agent Systems Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Vaezi">M. R. Vaezi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ghasemi"> R. Ghasemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Akramizadeh"> A. Akramizadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Frequency stability of microgrids under islanded operation attracts particular attention recently. A new cooperative frequency control strategy based on centralized multi-agent system (CMAS) is proposed in this study. On this strategy, agents sent data and furthermore each component has its own to center operating decisions (MGCC). After deciding on the information, they are returned. Frequency control strategies include primary and secondary frequency control and disposal of multi-stage load in which this study will also provide a method and algorithm for load shedding. This could also be a big problem for the performance of micro-grid in times of disaster. The simulation results show the promising performance of the proposed structure of the controller based on multi agent systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20control" title="frequency control">frequency control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=islanded%20microgrid" title=" islanded microgrid"> islanded microgrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20system" title=" multi-agent system"> multi-agent system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20shedding" title=" load shedding "> load shedding </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15787/frequency-controller-design-for-distributed-generation-by-load-shedding-multi-agent-systems-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15787.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14190</span> Battery Energy Storage System Economic Benefits Assessment on a Network Frequency Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kr%C3%A9hi%20Serge%20Agbli">Kréhi Serge Agbli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Portebos"> Samuel Portebos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Micha%C3%ABl%20Salomon"> Michaël Salomon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Here a methodology is considered aiming at evaluating the economic benefit of the provision of a primary frequency control unit using a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS). In this methodology, two control types (basic and hysteresis) are implemented and the corresponding minimum energy storage system power allowing to maintain the frequency drop inside a given threshold under a given contingency is identified and compared using DigSilent’s PowerFactory software. Following this step, the corresponding energy storage capacity (in MWh) is calculated. As PowerFactory is dedicated to dynamic simulation for transient analysis, a first order model related to the IEEE 9 bus grid used for the analysis under PowerFactory is characterized and implemented on MATLAB-Simulink. Primary frequency control is simulated using the two control types over one-month grid's frequency deviation data on this Simulink model. This simulation results in the energy throughput both basic and hysteresis BESSs. It emerges that the 15 minutes operation band of the battery capacity allocated to frequency control is sufficient under the considered disturbances. A sensitivity analysis on the width of the control deadband is then performed for the two control types. The deadband width variation leads to an identical sizing with the hysteresis control showing a better frequency control at the cost of a higher delivered throughput compared to the basic control. An economic analysis comparing the cost of the sized BESS to the potential revenues is then performed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=battery%20energy%20storage%20system" title="battery energy storage system">battery energy storage system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20network%20frequency%20stability" title=" electrical network frequency stability"> electrical network frequency stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20control%20unit" title=" frequency control unit"> frequency control unit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PowerFactor" title=" PowerFactor"> PowerFactor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127919/battery-energy-storage-system-economic-benefits-assessment-on-a-network-frequency-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14189</span> Phase Shifter with Frequency Adaptive Control Circuit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussein%20Shaman">Hussein Shaman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study introduces an innovative design for an RF phase shifter that can maintain a consistent phase shift across a broad spectrum of frequencies. The proposed design integrates an adaptive control system into a reflective-type phase shifter, typically showing frequency-related variations. Adjusting the DC voltage according to the frequency ensures a more reliable phase shift across the frequency span of operation. In contrast, conventional frequency-dependent reflective-type phase shifters may exhibit significant fluctuations in phase shifts exceeding 60 degrees in the same bandwidth. The proposed phase shifter is configured to deliver a 90-degree operation with an expected deviation of around 15 degrees. The fabrication of the phase shifter and adaptive control circuit has been verified through experimentation, with the measured outcomes aligning with the simulation results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20shifter" title="phase shifter">phase shifter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20control" title=" adaptive control"> adaptive control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=varactors" title=" varactors"> varactors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20circuits." title=" electronic circuits."> electronic circuits.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182584/phase-shifter-with-frequency-adaptive-control-circuit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182584.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14188</span> Development of PSS/E Dynamic Model for Controlling Battery Output to Improve Frequency Stability in Power Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dae-Hee%20Son">Dae-Hee Son</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soon-Ryul%20Nam"> Soon-Ryul Nam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The power system frequency falls when disturbance such as rapid increase of system load or loss of a generating unit occurs in power systems. Especially, increase in the number of renewable generating units has a bad influence on the power system because of loss of generating unit depending on the circumstance. Conventional technologies use frequency droop control battery output for the frequency regulation and balance between supply and demand. If power is supplied using the fast output characteristic of the battery, power system stability can be further more improved. To improve the power system stability, we propose battery output control using ROCOF (Rate of Change of Frequency) in this paper. The bigger the power difference between the supply and the demand, the bigger the ROCOF drops. Battery output is controlled proportionally to the magnitude of the ROCOF, allowing for faster response to power imbalances. To simulate the control method of battery output system, we develop the user defined model using PSS/E and confirm that power system stability is improved by comparing with frequency droop control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PSS%2FE%20user%20defined%20model" title="PSS/E user defined model">PSS/E user defined model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20deviation" title=" power deviation"> power deviation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20droop%20control" title=" frequency droop control"> frequency droop control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ROCOF%20%28rate%20of%20change%20of%20frequency%29" title=" ROCOF (rate of change of frequency)"> ROCOF (rate of change of frequency)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70548/development-of-psse-dynamic-model-for-controlling-battery-output-to-improve-frequency-stability-in-power-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14187</span> CDM-Based Controller Design for High-Frequency Induction Heating System with LLC Tank</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Helaimi">M. Helaimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Taleb"> R. Taleb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Benyoucef"> D. Benyoucef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Belmadani"> B. Belmadani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the design of a polynomial controller with coefficient diagram method (CDM). This controller is used to control the output power of high frequency resonant inverter with LLC tank. One of the most important problems associated with the proposed inverter is achieving ZVS operating during the induction heating process. To overcome this problem, asymmetrical voltage cancellation (AVC) control technique is proposed. The phased look loop (PLL) is used to track the natural frequency of the system. The small signal model of the system with the proposed control is obtained using extending describing function method (EDM). The validity of the proposed control is verified by simulation results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induction%20heating" title="induction heating">induction heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AVC%20control" title=" AVC control"> AVC control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CDM" title=" CDM"> CDM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLL" title=" PLL"> PLL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resonant%20inverter" title=" resonant inverter "> resonant inverter </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18666/cdm-based-controller-design-for-high-frequency-induction-heating-system-with-llc-tank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18666.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">664</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14186</span> A Robust PID Load Frequency Controller of Interconnected Power System Using SDO Software</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pasala%20Gopi">Pasala Gopi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Linga%20Reddy"> P. Linga Reddy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The response of the load frequency control problem in an multi-area interconnected electrical power system is much more complex with increasing size, changing structure and increasing load. This paper deals with Load Frequency Control of three area interconnected Power system incorporating Reheat, Non-reheat and Reheat turbines in all areas respectively. The response of the load frequency control problem in an multi-area interconnected power system is improved by designing PID controller using different tuning techniques and proved that the PID controller which was designed by Simulink Design Optimization (SDO) Software gives the superior performance than other controllers for step perturbations. Finally the robustness of controller was checked against system parameter variations <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20frequency%20control" title="load frequency control">load frequency control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pid%20controller%20tuning" title=" pid controller tuning"> pid controller tuning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=step%20load%20perturbations" title=" step load perturbations"> step load perturbations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inter%20connected%20power%20system" title=" inter connected power system"> inter connected power system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30053/a-robust-pid-load-frequency-controller-of-interconnected-power-system-using-sdo-software" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">644</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14185</span> A Simple and Efficient Method for Accurate Measurement and Control of Power Frequency Deviation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20J.%20Arif">S. J. Arif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the presented technique, a simple method is given for accurate measurement and control of power frequency deviation. The sinusoidal signal for which the frequency deviation measurement is required is transformed to a low voltage level and passed through a zero crossing detector to convert it into a pulse train. Another stable square wave signal of 10 KHz is obtained using a crystal oscillator and decade dividing assemblies (DDA). These signals are combined digitally and then passed through decade counters to give a unique combination of pulses or levels, which are further encoded to make them equally suitable for both control applications and display units. The developed circuit using discrete components has a resolution of 0.5 Hz and completes measurement within 20 ms. The realized circuit is simulated and synthesized using Verilog HDL and subsequently implemented on FPGA. The results of measurement on FPGA are observed on a very high resolution logic analyzer. These results accurately match the simulation results as well as the results of same circuit implemented with discrete components. The proposed system is suitable for accurate measurement and control of power frequency deviation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20encoder%20for%20frequency%20measurement" title="digital encoder for frequency measurement">digital encoder for frequency measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20deviation%20measurement" title=" frequency deviation measurement"> frequency deviation measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement%20and%20control%20systems" title=" measurement and control systems"> measurement and control systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20systems" title=" power systems"> power systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44000/a-simple-and-efficient-method-for-accurate-measurement-and-control-of-power-frequency-deviation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14184</span> Selection of Wind Farms to Add Virtual Inertia Control to Assist the Power System Frequency Regulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Du">W. Du</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X.%20Wang"> X. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Cao"> Jun Cao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20F.%20Wang"> H. F. Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to the randomness and uncertainty of wind energy, modern power systems integrating large-scale wind generation will be significantly impacted in terms of system performance and technical challenges. System inertia with high wind penetration is decreasing when conventional thermal generators are gradually replaced by wind turbines, which do not naturally contribute to inertia response. The power imbalance caused by wind power or demand fluctuations leads to the instability of system frequency. Accordingly, the need to attach the supplementary virtual inertia control to wind farms (WFs) strongly arises. When multi-wind farms are connected to the grid simultaneously, the selection of which critical WFs to install the virtual inertia control is greatly important to enhance the stability of system frequency. By building the small signal model of wind power systems considering frequency regulation, the installation locations are identified by the geometric measures of the mode observability of WFs. In addition, this paper takes the impacts of grid topology and selection of feedback control signals into consideration. Finally, simulations are conducted on a multi-wind farms power system and the results demonstrate that the designed virtual inertia control method can effectively assist the frequency regulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20regulation" title="frequency regulation">frequency regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20inertia%20control" title=" virtual inertia control"> virtual inertia control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=installation%20locations" title=" installation locations"> installation locations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observability" title=" observability"> observability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20farms" title=" wind farms"> wind farms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44872/selection-of-wind-farms-to-add-virtual-inertia-control-to-assist-the-power-system-frequency-regulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14183</span> ESS Control Strategy for Primary Frequency Response in Microgrid Considering Ramp Rate </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ho-Jun%20Jo">Ho-Jun Jo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wook-Won%20Kim"> Wook-Won Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Sung%20Kim"> Yong-Sung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-O%20Kim"> Jin-O Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The application of ESS (Energy Storage Systems) in the future grids has been the solution of the microgrid. However, high investment costs necessitate accurate modeling and control strategy of ESS to justify its economic viability and further underutilization. Therefore, the reasonable control strategy for ESS which is subjected to generator and usage helps to curtail the cost of investment and operation costs. The rated frequency in power system is decreased when the load is increasing unexpectedly; hence the thermal power is operated at the capacity of only its 95% for the Governor Free (GF) to adjust the frequency as reserve (5%) in practice. The ESS can be utilized with governor at the same time for the frequency response due to characteristic of its fast response speed and moreover, the cost of ESS is declined rapidly to the reasonable price. This paper presents the ESS control strategy to extend usage of the ESS taken account into governor’s ramp rate and reduce the governor’s intervention as well. All results in this paper are simulated by MATLAB. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20grid" title="micro grid">micro grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage%20systems" title=" energy storage systems"> energy storage systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ramp%20rate" title=" ramp rate"> ramp rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20strategy" title=" control strategy"> control strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39143/ess-control-strategy-for-primary-frequency-response-in-microgrid-considering-ramp-rate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39143.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14182</span> T-S Fuzzy Modeling Based on Power Coefficient Limit Nonlinearity Applied to an Isolated Single Machine Load Frequency Deviation Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20S.%20Sheu">R. S. Sheu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Usman"> H. Usman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Lawal"> M. S. Lawal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model based control of a load frequency deviation in a single machine with limit nonlinearity on power coefficient is presented in the paper. Two T-S fuzzy rules with only rotor angle variable as input in the premise part, and linear state space models in the consequent part involving characteristic matrices determined from limits set on the power coefficient constant are formulated, state feedback control gains for closed loop control was determined from the formulated Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) with eigenvalue optimization scheme for asymptotic and exponential stability (speed of esponse). Numerical evaluation of the closed loop object was carried out in Matlab. Simulation results generated of both the open and closed loop system showed the effectiveness of the control scheme in maintaining load frequency stability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T-S%20fuzzy%20model" title="T-S fuzzy model">T-S fuzzy model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20feedback%20control" title=" state feedback control"> state feedback control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20matrix%20inequality%20%28LMI%29" title=" linear matrix inequality (LMI)"> linear matrix inequality (LMI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20deviation%20control" title=" frequency deviation control"> frequency deviation control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11563/t-s-fuzzy-modeling-based-on-power-coefficient-limit-nonlinearity-applied-to-an-isolated-single-machine-load-frequency-deviation-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11563.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14181</span> Performences of Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Control and Neuro-Fuzzy Control Based on DPC for Grid Connected DFIG with Fixed Switching Frequency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fayssal%20Amrane">Fayssal Amrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azeddine%20Chaiba"> Azeddine Chaiba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, type-2 fuzzy logic control (T2FLC) and neuro-fuzzy control (NFC) for a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based on direct power control (DPC) with a fixed switching frequency is proposed for wind generation application. First, a mathematical model of the doubly-fed induction generator implemented in d-q reference frame is achieved. Then, a DPC algorithm approach for controlling active and reactive power of DFIG via fixed switching frequency is incorporated using PID. The performance of T2FLC and NFC, which is based on the DPC algorithm, are investigated and compared to those obtained from the PID controller. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the NFC is more robust, superior dynamic performance for wind power generation system applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doubly%20fed%20induction%20generator%20%28DFIG%29" title="doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)">doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20power%20control%20%28DPC%29" title=" direct power control (DPC)"> direct power control (DPC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuro-fuzzy%20control%20%28NFC%29" title=" neuro-fuzzy control (NFC)"> neuro-fuzzy control (NFC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20power%20point%20tracking%20%28MPPT%29" title=" maximum power point tracking (MPPT)"> maximum power point tracking (MPPT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20vector%20modulation%20%28SVM%29" title=" space vector modulation (SVM)"> space vector modulation (SVM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%202%20fuzzy%20logic%20control%20%28T2FLC%29" title=" type 2 fuzzy logic control (T2FLC)"> type 2 fuzzy logic control (T2FLC)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48773/performences-of-type-2-fuzzy-logic-control-and-neuro-fuzzy-control-based-on-dpc-for-grid-connected-dfig-with-fixed-switching-frequency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14180</span> Fixed-Frequency Pulse Width Modulation-Based Sliding Mode Controller for Switching Multicellular Converter </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rihab%20Hamdi">Rihab Hamdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amel%20Hadri%20Hamida"> Amel Hadri Hamida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouafae%20%20Bennis"> Ouafae Bennis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima%20Babaa"> Fatima Babaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakina%20Zerouali"> Sakina Zerouali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper features a sliding mode controller (SMC) for closed-loop voltage control of DC-DC three-cells buck converter connected in parallel, operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM), based on pulse-width modulation (PWM). To maintain the switching frequency, the approach is to incorporate a pulse-width modulation that utilizes an equivalent control, inferred by applying the SM control method, to produce a control sign to be contrasted and the ﬁxed-frequency within the modulator. Detailed stability and transient performance analysis have been conducted using Lyapunov stability criteria to restrict the switching frequency variation facing wide variations in output load, input changes, and set-point changes. The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in achieving an enhanced output transient performance while faithfully realizing its control objective in the event of abrupt and uncertain parameter variations. Simulations studies in MATLAB/Simulink environment are performed to confirm the idea. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC-DC%20converter" title="DC-DC converter">DC-DC converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse%20width%20modulation" title=" pulse width modulation"> pulse width modulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20electronics" title=" power electronics"> power electronics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding%20mode%20control" title=" sliding mode control"> sliding mode control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130515/fixed-frequency-pulse-width-modulation-based-sliding-mode-controller-for-switching-multicellular-converter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130515.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14179</span> Investigation of the Effects of Sampling Frequency on the THD of 3-Phase Inverters Using Space Vector Modulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khattab%20Al%20Qaisi">Khattab Al Qaisi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicholas%20Bowring"> Nicholas Bowring</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the simulation results of the effects of sampling frequency on the total harmonic distortion (THD) of three-phase inverters using the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) and space vector control (SVC) algorithms. The relationship between the variables was studied using curve fitting techniques, and it has been shown that, for 50 Hz inverters, there is an exponential relation between the sampling frequency and THD up to around 8500 Hz, beyond which the performance of the model becomes irregular, and there is an negative exponential relation between the sampling frequency and the marginal improvement to the THD. It has also been found that the performance of SVPWM is better than that of SVC with the same sampling frequency in most frequency range, including the range where the performance of the former is irregular. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSI" title="DSI">DSI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SVPWM" title=" SVPWM"> SVPWM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=THD" title=" THD"> THD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC-AC%20converter" title=" DC-AC converter"> DC-AC converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sampling%20frequency" title=" sampling frequency"> sampling frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17856/investigation-of-the-effects-of-sampling-frequency-on-the-thd-of-3-phase-inverters-using-space-vector-modulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14178</span> Design of Control Systems for Grid Interconnection and Power Control of a Grid Tie Inverter for Micro-Grid Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepak%20Choudhary">Deepak Choudhary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> COEP-Microgrid, a project by the students of College of Engineering Pune aims at establishing a micro grid in the college campus serving as a living laboratory for research and development of novel grid technologies. Proposed micro grid has an AC-bus and DC-bus, interconnected together with a tie line DC-AC converter. In grid-connected mode AC bus of microgrid is synchronized with utility grid. Synchronization with utility grid requires grid and AC bus to have synchronism in frequency, phase sequence and voltage. Power flow requires phase difference between grid and AC bus. Control System is required to effectively regulate power flow between the grid and AC bus. The grid synchronizing control system is composed of frequency and phase control for regulated power flow and voltage control system for reduction of reactive power flow. The control system involves automatic active power flow control. It takes the feedback of DC link Capacitor and changes the power angle accordingly. Control system incorporating voltage, phase and power control was developed for grid-tie inverter. This paper discusses the design, simulation and practical implementation of control system described in various micro grid scenarios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microgrid" title="microgrid">microgrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grid-tie%20inverter" title=" Grid-tie inverter"> Grid-tie inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20control" title=" voltage control"> voltage control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20power%20control" title=" automatic power control"> automatic power control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20998/design-of-control-systems-for-grid-interconnection-and-power-control-of-a-grid-tie-inverter-for-micro-grid-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">664</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14177</span> Improved Simultaneous Performance in the Time Domain and in the Frequency Domain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azeddine%20Ghodbane">Azeddine Ghodbane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Bensoussan"> David Bensoussan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maher%20Hammami"> Maher Hammami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An innovative approach for controlling unstable and invertible systems has demonstrated superior performance compared to conventional controllers. It has been successfully applied to a levitation system and drone control. Simulations have yielded satisfactory performances when applied to a satellite antenna controller. This design method, based on sensitivity analysis, has also been extended to handle multivariable unstable and invertible systems that exhibit dominant diagonal characteristics at high frequencies, enabling decentralized control. Furthermore, this control method has been expanded to the realm of adaptive control. In this study, we introduce an alternative adaptive architecture that enhances both time and frequency performance, helpfully mitigating the effects of disturbances from the input plant and external disturbances affecting the output. To facilitate superior performance in both the time and frequency domains, we have developed user-friendly interactive design methods using the GeoGebra platform. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20theory" title="control theory">control theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20control" title=" decentralized control"> decentralized control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity%20theory" title=" sensitivity theory"> sensitivity theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=input-output%20stability%20theory" title=" input-output stability theory"> input-output stability theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robust%20multivariable%20feedback%20control%20design" title=" robust multivariable feedback control design"> robust multivariable feedback control design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163118/improved-simultaneous-performance-in-the-time-domain-and-in-the-frequency-domain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14176</span> Improving Load Frequency Control of Multi-Area Power System by Considering Uncertainty by Using Optimized Type 2 Fuzzy Pid Controller with the Harmony Search Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrdad%20Mahmudizad">Mehrdad Mahmudizad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roya%20Ahmadi%20Ahangar"> Roya Ahmadi Ahangar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the method of designing the type 2 fuzzy PID controllers in order to solve the problem of Load Frequency Control (LFC). The Harmony Search (HS) algorithm is used to regulate the measurement factors and the effect of uncertainty of membership functions of Interval Type 2 Fuzzy Proportional Integral Differential (IT2FPID) controllers in order to reduce the frequency deviation resulted from the load oscillations. The simulation results implicitly show that the performance of the proposed IT2FPID LFC in terms of error, settling time and resistance against different load oscillations is more appropriate and preferred than PID and Type 1 Fuzzy Proportional Integral Differential (T1FPID) controllers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20frequency%20control" title="load frequency control">load frequency control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy-pid%20controller" title=" fuzzy-pid controller"> fuzzy-pid controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%202%20fuzzy%20system" title=" type 2 fuzzy system"> type 2 fuzzy system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harmony%20search%20algorithm" title=" harmony search algorithm"> harmony search algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52340/improving-load-frequency-control-of-multi-area-power-system-by-considering-uncertainty-by-using-optimized-type-2-fuzzy-pid-controller-with-the-harmony-search-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52340.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14175</span> Frequency Control of Self-Excited Induction Generator Based Microgrid during Transition from Grid Connected to Island Mode</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azhar%20Ulhaq">Azhar Ulhaq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubair%20Yameen"> Zubair Yameen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Almas%20Anjum"> Almas Anjum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Frequency behaviour of self-excited induction generator (SEIG) wind turbines during control mode transition from grid connected to islanded mode is studied in detail. A robust control scheme for frequency regulation based on combined action of STATCOM, energy storage system (ESS) and pitch angle control for wind powered microgrid (MG) is proposed. Suggested STATCOM controller comprises a 3-phase voltage source converter (VSC) that contains insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) based pulse width modulation (PWM) inverters along with a capacitor bank. Energy storage system control consists of current controlled voltage source converter and battery bank. Both of them acting simultaneously after detection of island compensates for reactive and active power demands, thus regulating frequency at point of common coupling (PCC) and also improves load stability. STATCOM integrates at point of common coupling and ESS is connected to microgrids main bus. Results reveal that proposed control not only stabilizes frequency during transition duration but also minimizes sudden frequency imbalance caused by load variation or wind intermittencies in islanded operation. System is investigated with and without suggested control scheme. The efficacy of proposed strategy has been verified by simulation in MATLAB/Simulink. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage%20system" title="energy storage system">energy storage system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=island" title=" island"> island</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind" title=" wind"> wind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=STATCOM" title=" STATCOM"> STATCOM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-excited%20induction%20generator" title=" self-excited induction generator"> self-excited induction generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEIG" title=" SEIG"> SEIG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transient" title=" transient"> transient</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114339/frequency-control-of-self-excited-induction-generator-based-microgrid-during-transition-from-grid-connected-to-island-mode" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114339.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14174</span> On the Design of Robust Governors of Steam Power Systems Using Polynomial and State-Space Based H∞ Techniques: A Comparative Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rami%20A.%20Maher">Rami A. Maher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibraheem%20K.%20Ibraheem"> Ibraheem K. Ibraheem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work presents a comparison study between the state-space and polynomial methods for the design of the robust governor for load frequency control of steam turbine power systems. The robust governor is synthesized using the two approaches and the comparison is extended to include time and frequency domains performance, controller order, and uncertainty representation, weighting filters, optimality and sub-optimality. The obtained results are represented through tables and curves with reasons of similarities and dissimilarities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robust%20control" title="robust control">robust control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20frequency%20control" title=" load frequency control"> load frequency control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steam%20turbine" title=" steam turbine"> steam turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H%E2%88%9E-norm" title=" H∞-norm"> H∞-norm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20uncertainty" title=" system uncertainty"> system uncertainty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20disturbance" title=" load disturbance"> load disturbance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14319/on-the-design-of-robust-governors-of-steam-power-systems-using-polynomial-and-state-space-based-h-techniques-a-comparative-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14319.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14173</span> Control Methods Used to Minimize Losses in High-Speed Electrical Machines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Hedar">Mohammad Hedar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents selected topics from the area of high-speed electrical machine control with a focus on loss minimization. It focuses on pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) set-up in order to minimize the inrush current peak. An overview of these machines and the control topologies that have been used with these machines are reported. The critical problem that happens when controlling a high-speed electrical motor is the high current peak in the start-up process, which will cause high power-losses. The main goal of this paper is to clarify how the inrush current peak can be minimized in the start-up process. PAM control method is proposed to use in the frequency inverter, simulation results for PAM & PWM control method, and steps to improve the PAM control are reported. The simulations were performed with data for PMSM (nominal speed: 25 000 min-1, power: 3.1 kW, load: 1.2 Nm). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20topology" title="control topology">control topology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20inverter" title=" frequency inverter"> frequency inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-speed%20electrical%20machines" title=" high-speed electrical machines"> high-speed electrical machines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PAM" title=" PAM"> PAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20losses" title=" power losses"> power losses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PWM" title=" PWM"> PWM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131889/control-methods-used-to-minimize-losses-in-high-speed-electrical-machines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131889.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14172</span> Digital Control Algorithm Based on Delta-Operator for High-Frequency DC-DC Switching Converters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renkai%20Wang">Renkai Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tingcun%20Wei"> Tingcun Wei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a digital control algorithm based on delta-operator is presented for high-frequency digitally-controlled DC-DC switching converters. The stability and the controlling accuracy of the DC-DC switching converters are improved by using the digital control algorithm based on delta-operator without increasing the hardware circuit scale. The design method of voltage compensator in delta-domain using PID (Proportion-Integration- Differentiation) control is given in this paper, and the simulation results based on Simulink platform are provided, which have verified the theoretical analysis results very well. It can be concluded that, the presented control algorithm based on delta-operator has better stability and controlling accuracy, and easier hardware implementation than the existed control algorithms based on z-operator, therefore it can be used for the voltage compensator design in high-frequency digitally- controlled DC-DC switching converters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digitally-controlled%20DC-DC%20switching%20converter" title="digitally-controlled DC-DC switching converter">digitally-controlled DC-DC switching converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20voltage%20compensator" title=" digital voltage compensator"> digital voltage compensator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delta-operator" title=" delta-operator"> delta-operator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20word%20length" title=" finite word length"> finite word length</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50847/digital-control-algorithm-based-on-delta-operator-for-high-frequency-dc-dc-switching-converters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50847.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14171</span> Aggregation of Electric Vehicles for Emergency Frequency Regulation of Two-Area Interconnected Grid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Agheb">S. Agheb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Ledwich"> G. Ledwich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.Walker"> G.Walker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.Tong"> Z.Tong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Frequency control has become more of concern for reliable operation of interconnected power systems due to the integration of low inertia renewable energy sources to the grid and their volatility. Also, in case of a sudden fault, the system has less time to recover before widespread blackouts. Electric Vehicles (EV)s have the potential to cooperate in the Emergency Frequency Regulation (EFR) by a nonlinear control of the power system in case of large disturbances. The time is not adequate to communicate with each individual EV on emergency cases, and thus, an aggregate model is necessary for a quick response to prevent from much frequency deviation and the occurrence of any blackout. In this work, an aggregate of EVs is modelled as a big virtual battery in each area considering various aspects of uncertainty such as the number of connected EVs and their initial State of Charge (SOC) as stochastic variables. A control law was proposed and applied to the aggregate model using Lyapunov energy function to maximize the rate of reduction of total kinetic energy in a two-area network after the occurrence of a fault. The control methods are primarily based on the charging/ discharging control of available EVs as shunt capacity in the distribution system. Three different cases were studied considering the locational aspect of the model with the virtual EV either in the center of the two areas or in the corners. The simulation results showed that EVs could help the generator lose its kinetic energy in a short time after a contingency. Earlier estimation of possible contributions of EVs can help the supervisory control level to transmit a prompt control signal to the subsystems such as the aggregator agents and the grid. Thus, the percentage of EVs contribution for EFR will be characterized in the future as the goal of this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20frequency%20regulation" title="emergency frequency regulation">emergency frequency regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20vehicle" title=" electric vehicle"> electric vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EV" title=" EV"> EV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggregation" title=" aggregation"> aggregation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyapunov%20energy%20function" title=" Lyapunov energy function"> Lyapunov energy function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111333/aggregation-of-electric-vehicles-for-emergency-frequency-regulation-of-two-area-interconnected-grid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14170</span> Neural Network Based Fluctuation Frequency Control in PV-Diesel Hybrid Power System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heri%20Suryoatmojo">Heri Suryoatmojo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adi%20Kurniawan"> Adi Kurniawan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feby%20A.%20Pamuji"> Feby A. Pamuji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nursalim"> Nursalim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syaffaruddin"> Syaffaruddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Herbert%20Innah"> Herbert Innah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Photovoltaic (PV) system hybrid with diesel system is utilized widely for electrification in remote area. PV output power fluctuates due to uncertainty condition of temperature and sun irradiance. When the penetration of PV power is large, the reliability of the power utility will be disturbed and seriously impact the unstable frequency of system. Therefore, designing a robust frequency controller in PV-diesel hybrid power system is very important. This paper proposes new method of frequency control application in hybrid PV-diesel system based on artificial neural network (ANN). This method can minimize the frequency deviation without smoothing PV output power that controlled by maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method. The neural network algorithm controller considers average irradiance, change of irradiance and frequency deviation. In order the show the effectiveness of proposed algorithm, the addition of battery as energy storage system is also presented. To validate the proposed method, the results of proposed system are compared with the results of similar system using MPPT only. The simulation results show that the proposed method able to suppress frequency deviation smaller compared to the results of system using MPPT only. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage%20system" title="energy storage system">energy storage system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20deviation" title=" frequency deviation"> frequency deviation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20power%20generation" title=" hybrid power generation"> hybrid power generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network%20algorithm" title=" neural network algorithm"> neural network algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4960/neural-network-based-fluctuation-frequency-control-in-pv-diesel-hybrid-power-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14169</span> Role of Self-Concept in the Relationship between Emotional Abuse and Mental Health of Employees in the North West Province, South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Matlawe">L. Matlawe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20S.%20Idemudia"> E. S. Idemudia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The stability is an important topic to plan and manage the energy in the microgrids as the same as the conventional power systems. The voltage and frequency stability is one of the most important issues recently studied in microgrids. The objectives of this paper are the modeling and designing of the components and optimal controllers for the voltage and frequency control of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid under the different disturbances. Since the PI controllers have the advantages of simple structure and easy implementation, so they were designed and modeled in this paper. The harmony search (HS) algorithm is used to optimize the controllers’ parameters. According to the achieved results, the PI controllers have a good performance in voltage and frequency control of the microgrid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20abuse" title="emotional abuse">emotional abuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employees" title=" employees"> employees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title=" mental health"> mental health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-concept" title=" self-concept"> self-concept</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46608/role-of-self-concept-in-the-relationship-between-emotional-abuse-and-mental-health-of-employees-in-the-north-west-province-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46608.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">256</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14168</span> Interfacing Photovoltaic Systems to the Utility Grid: A Comparative Simulation Study to Mitigate the Impact of Unbalanced Voltage Dips</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badr%20M.%20Alshammari">Badr M. Alshammari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Rabeh"> A. Rabeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20Mohamed"> A. K. Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the modeling and the control of a grid-connected photovoltaic system (PVS). Firstly, the MPPT control of the PVS and its associated DC/DC converter has been analyzed in order to extract the maximum of available power. Secondly, the control system of the grid side converter (GSC) which is a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) has been presented. A special attention has been paid to the control algorithms of the GSC converter during grid voltages imbalances. Especially, three different control objectives are to achieve; the mitigation of the grid imbalance adverse effects, at the point of common coupling (PCC), on the injected currents, the elimination of double frequency oscillations in active power flow, and the elimination of double frequency oscillations in reactive power flow. Simulation results of two control strategies have been performed via MATLAB software in order to demonstrate the particularities of each control strategy according to power quality standards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energies" title="renewable energies">renewable energies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic%20systems" title=" photovoltaic systems"> photovoltaic systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dc%20link" title=" dc link"> dc link</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20source%20inverter" title=" voltage source inverter"> voltage source inverter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20vector%20SVPWM" title=" space vector SVPWM"> space vector SVPWM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unbalanced%20voltage%20dips" title=" unbalanced voltage dips"> unbalanced voltage dips</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symmetrical%20components" title=" symmetrical components"> symmetrical components</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40472/interfacing-photovoltaic-systems-to-the-utility-grid-a-comparative-simulation-study-to-mitigate-the-impact-of-unbalanced-voltage-dips" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14167</span> Design of Control System Based On PLC and Kingview for Granulation Product Line</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mei-Feng">Mei-Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yude-Fan"> Yude-Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Zhu"> Min-Zhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on PLC and kingview, this paper proposed a method that designed a set of the automatic control system according to the craft flow and demands for granulation product line. There were the main station and subordinate stations in PLC which were communicated by PROFIBUS network. PLC and computer were communicated by Ethernet network. The conversation function between human and machine was realized by kingview software, including actual time craft flows, historic report curves and product report forms. The construction of the control system, hardware collocation and software design were introduced. Besides these, PROFIBUS network frequency conversion control, the difficult points and configuration software design were elaborated. The running results showed that there were several advantages in the control system. They were high automatic degree, perfect function, perfect steady and convenient operation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLC" title="PLC">PLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PROFIBUS" title=" PROFIBUS"> PROFIBUS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=configuration" title=" configuration"> configuration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency" title=" frequency"> frequency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3810/design-of-control-system-based-on-plc-and-kingview-for-granulation-product-line" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3810.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14166</span> Digital Encoder Based Power Frequency Deviation Measurement </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Javed%20Arif">Syed Javed Arif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ayyub%20Khan"> Mohd Ayyub Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleem%20Anwar%20Khan"> Saleem Anwar Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a simple method is presented for measurement of power frequency deviations. A phase locked loop (PLL) is used to multiply the signal under test by a factor of 100. The number of pulses in this pulse train signal is counted over a stable known period, using decade driving assemblies (DDAs) and flip-flops. These signals are combined using logic gates and then passed through decade counters to give a unique combination of pulses or levels, which are further encoded. These pulses are equally suitable for both control applications and display units. The experimental circuit developed gives a resolution of 1 Hz within the measurement period of 20 ms. The proposed circuit is also simulated in Verilog Hardware Description Language (VHDL) and implemented using Field Programing Gate Arrays (FPGAs). A Mixed signal Oscilloscope (MSO) is used to observe the results of FPGA implementation. These results are compared with the results of the proposed circuit of discrete components. The proposed system is useful for frequency deviation measurement and control in power systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20measurement" title="frequency measurement">frequency measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20control" title=" digital control"> digital control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20locked%20loop" title=" phase locked loop"> phase locked loop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encoder" title=" encoder"> encoder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Verilog%20HDL" title=" Verilog HDL"> Verilog HDL</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92304/digital-encoder-based-power-frequency-deviation-measurement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92304.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14165</span> Comparison of Fundamental Frequency Model and PWM Based Model for UPFC</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Al-Qallaf">S. A. Al-Qallaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Al-Mawsawi"> S. A. Al-Mawsawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Haider"> A. Haider</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Among all FACTS devices, the unified power flow controller (UPFC) is considered to be the most versatile device. This is due to its capability to control all the transmission system parameters (impedance, voltage magnitude, and phase angle). With the growing interest in UPFC, the attention to develop a mathematical model has increased. Several models were introduced for UPFC in literature for different type of studies in power systems. In this paper a novel comparison study between two dynamic models of UPFC with their proposed control strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FACTS" title="FACTS">FACTS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UPFC" title=" UPFC"> UPFC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20modeling" title=" dynamic modeling"> dynamic modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PWM" title=" PWM"> PWM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20frequency" title=" fundamental frequency"> fundamental frequency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12097/comparison-of-fundamental-frequency-model-and-pwm-based-model-for-upfc" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12097.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20control&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20control&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20control&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20control&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20control&page=6">6</a></li> <li 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