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<!DOCTYPE html> <html dir='ltr' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' xmlns:b='http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b' xmlns:data='http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data' xmlns:expr='http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr'> <head> <link href='https://www.blogger.com/static/v1/widgets/55013136-widget_css_bundle.css' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'/> <meta content='text/html; charset=UTF-8' http-equiv='Content-Type'/> <meta content='blogger' name='generator'/> <link href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/favicon.ico' rel='icon' type='image/x-icon'/> <link href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/' rel='canonical'/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Innovations and Stuff - Atom" href="http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Innovations and Stuff - RSS" href="http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default?alt=rss" /> <link rel="service.post" type="application/atom+xml" title="Innovations and Stuff - Atom" href="https://www.blogger.com/feeds/7078520658429806783/posts/default" /> <link rel="me" href="https://www.blogger.com/profile/04204749712740978743" />  <meta content='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/' property='og:url'/> <meta content='Innovations and Stuff' property='og:title'/> <meta content='' property='og:description'/> <title>Innovations and Stuff</title> <style id='page-skin-1' type='text/css'></style> <script language='javascript' src='http://sites.google.com/site/fabianocrave/global.js'></script> <script src='http://maps.google.com/maps?file=api&v=2&sensor=false&key=ABQIAAAAAZNdCLV1d5YS-2W0iVxzRxT9Y9aVe2gqKCtznhFo0hWgrwBcehTe80lPuknCWqCttGhYru5hNfREdA' type='text/javascript'></script> <maps:Map height='100%' id='map' key='ABQIAAAAAZNdCLV1d5YS-2W0iVxzRxT9Y9aVe2gqKCtznhFo0hWgrwBcehTe80lPuknCWqCttGhYru5hNfREdA' mapevent_mapready='onMapReady(event)' width='100%' xmlns:maps='com.google.maps.*'></maps:Map> <script src='http://www.google.com/jsapi' type='text/javascript'></script> <script type='text/javascript'> google.load('visualization', '1', {'packages': ['geomap']}); google.setOnLoadCallback(drawMap); function drawMap() { var data = new google.visualization.DataTable(); data.addRows(27); data.addColumn('string', 'Country'); data.addColumn('number', 'MMR 2008'); data.addColumn('string', 'MMR 1990 Annual'); data.setValue(0, 0, 'Chile'); data.setValue(0, 1, 21.1); data.setValue(0, 2, 'Chile | MMR 1990: 43.7'); data.setValue(1, 0, 'Uruguay'); data.setValue(1, 1, 24.7); data.setValue(1, 2, 'Uruguay | MMR 1990: 32.8'); data.setValue(2, 0, 'Costa Rica'); data.setValue(2, 1, 25.3); data.setValue(2, 2, 'Costa Rica | MMR 1990: 32'); data.setValue(3, 0, 'Jamaica'); data.setValue(3, 1, 34.4); data.setValue(3, 2, 'Jamaica | MMR 1990: 50.2'); data.setValue(4, 0, 'El Salvador'); data.setValue(4, 1, 37.1); data.setValue(4, 2, 'El Salvador | MMR 1990: 135.3'); data.setValue(5, 0, 'Trinidad and Tobago'); data.setValue(5, 1, 39.7); data.setValue(5, 2, 'Trinidad | MMR 1990: 65.9'); data.setValue(6, 0, 'Cuba'); data.setValue(6, 1, 40.1); data.setValue(6, 2, 'Cuba | MMR 1990: 46.8'); data.setValue(7, 0, 'Panama'); data.setValue(7, 1, 44.1); data.setValue(7, 2, 'Panama | MMR 1990: 61.2'); data.setValue(8, 0, 'Saint Lucia'); data.setValue(8, 1, 46.3); data.setValue(8, 2, 'Saint Lucia | MMR 1990: 91.5'); data.setValue(9, 0, 'Colombia'); data.setValue(9, 1, 46.3); data.setValue(9, 2, 'Colombia | MMR 1990: 70.7'); data.setValue(10, 0, 'Venezuela'); data.setValue(10, 1, 48.2); data.setValue(10, 2, 'Venezuela | MMR 1990: 66'); data.setValue(11, 0, 'Argentina'); data.setValue(11, 1, 48.9); data.setValue(11, 2, 'Argentina | MMR 1990: 60'); data.setValue(12, 0, 'Mexico'); data.setValue(12, 1, 51.6); data.setValue(12, 2, 'Mexico | MMR 1990: 73.1'); data.setValue(13, 0, 'Brazil'); data.setValue(13, 1, 54.6); data.setValue(13, 2, 'Brazil | MMR 1990: 111.5'); data.setValue(14, 0, 'Bahamas'); data.setValue(14, 1, 58.5); data.setValue(14, 2, 'Bahamas | MMR 1990: 79.9'); data.setValue(15, 0, 'Dominican Republic'); data.setValue(15, 1, 66.3); data.setValue(15, 2, 'Dom. 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0.410942614079 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 12.8233394623 , 4.64054584503 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0075849997811 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 0.787178814411 , 0.0 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 2.60436797142 , 0.0651092007756 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 0.181823551655 , 0.577386021614 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 2.79875302315 , 0.13917440176 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 2.13004112244 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 4.93491601944 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 10.5154495239 , 5.38858604431 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 8.77950000763 , 1.82974994183 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 0.00611317157745 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 0.523558080196 , 0.0555129013956 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 10.9229898453 , 1.96261501312 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 21.2100696564 , 2.06741595268 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 1990 ,0,1) , 1.01344203949 , 0.0376087985933 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.305095493793 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.87776941061 , 0.0756698027253 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 16.2150306702 , 1.70478904247 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 7.70248603821 , 1.48146998882 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.77838999033 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 4.2798614502 , 0.188266992569 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 9.9516658783 , 0.514286100864 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 20.231716156 , 2.39389610291 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.219796597958 , 0.00432270020247 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.42803260684 , 0.00441200006753 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 12.4772701263 , 2.76578593254 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 1.31158101559 , 0.269291400909 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.708035230637 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0184321403503 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 1.4547059536 , 0.0120449997485 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 13.3901596069 , 3.4143550396 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 1.56890916824 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 1.1506216526 , 0.0777425020933 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.190365403891 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 11.3793401718 , 6.37117481232 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 7.36345100403 , 0.657450973988 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 2.81206798553 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 9.3853302002 , 0.666046917439 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 1.95223701 , 0.0 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 3.25618553162 , 0.151473000646 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 12.0640945435 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0134185003117 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 1.82165670395 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0619900971651 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC 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0.508242666721 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 14.5451498032 , 5.49954605103 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0256987996399 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.967599272728 , 0.0 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 3.00580191612 , 0.126243695617 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.228881299496 , 0.938331604004 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.124310086171 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.00165469944477 , 0.0896646231413 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0022539999336 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 3.29618096352 , 0.274980098009 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 2.95288276672 , 0.0315374992788 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 4.90188503265 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 12.7665996552 , 6.59453201294 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 10.9048700333 , 2.53802895546 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.408734798431 , 0.0348241999745 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.651407182217 , 0.0819882005453 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 12.6464500427 , 2.2131280899 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 22.8475494385 , 2.92648005486 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 1991 ,0,1) , 1.2368619442 , 0.0821276009083 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.06520652771 , 0.610190987587 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.985226392746 , 0.139096096158 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.027433000505 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 18.5924797058 , 2.87120890617 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 8.90536785126 , 2.19393897057 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.729008674622 , 0.98340690136 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 4.64091539383 , 0.30716869235 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 11.9624900818 , 0.61267888546 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 23.3144569397 , 3.20058202744 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.243371903896 , 0.022204099223 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.615867316723 , 0.0207449998707 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 14.4445800781 , 3.61681890488 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 1.67563402653 , 0.47150439024 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.879677593708 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 1.0173664093 , 0.0931169018149 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.106433987617 , 0.00218959990889 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 2.42270588875 , 0.0450720004737 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 15.4771995544 , 4.08333015442 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 2.17993450165 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 1.23821878433 , 0.0981326028705 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.372468203306 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 12.9107503891 , 7.66741704941 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 10.8115596771 , 0.76151740551 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 4.26590824127 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 10.9444599152 , 1.20872795582 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 2.22325706482 , 0.0 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 4.20639610291 , 0.185298904777 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 13.0526752472 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.00474010407925 , 0.0229952000082 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 1.94798374176 , 0.115634396672 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.0719335973263 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 1.93454098701 , 0.225296705961 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 11.5448102951 , 5.86899709702 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 11.5957403183 , 1.24442100525 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 5.44589996338 , 1.37552905083 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.316410005093 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 6.91461992264 , 1.3769299984 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 5.71755123138 , 0.62190258503 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 35.0898094177 , 0.289286106825 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 1.48371005058 , 0.356828808784 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 13.1961402893 , 1.09528005123 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 11.6854000092 , 2.85579705238 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.605542719364 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 16.266960144 , 6.602891922 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0336114987731 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.308244347572 , 0.0953651964664 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 1.30364894867 , 0.00572300003842 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 3.50562405586 , 0.373218685389 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.275939047337 , 1.66903495789 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.248620172342 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.0216370001435 , 0.179329246283 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.213054656982 , 0.0289829000831 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 3.79084610939 , 0.455649614334 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 3.77572441101 , 0.0630749985576 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 4.86885404587 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 13.8289699554 , 7.55983686447 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 13.0186901093 , 3.11090302467 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.811356425285 , 0.10361020267 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.875692009926 , 0.103390596807 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 14.7084302902 , 2.63876199722 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 24.7121601105 , 4.22702503204 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0543720014393 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 1992 ,0,1) , 1.450330019 , 0.37979310751 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 1.20312690735 , 0.91528648138 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 1.35500395298 , 0.329914093018 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.697665030757 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 20.9230899811 , 3.93890690804 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 10.0838603973 , 2.78388810158 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 1.55895805359 , 0.891358911991 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 5.00196933746 , 0.599677085876 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 13.9083795547 , 0.673274815083 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.197676301003 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 26.3971977234 , 5.59137010574 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.279741585255 , 0.0371915996075 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.830067873001 , 0.116209499538 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 17.0720291138 , 4.64422512054 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 2.12703490257 , 0.612140715122 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 1.05131995678 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 2.18188333511 , 0.136991098523 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.194435834885 , 0.00465120002627 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 2.90507388115 , 0.135986506939 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 17.9292106628 , 6.89385700226 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 2.79095983505 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 1.32581591606 , 0.139260202646 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.638231992722 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0300604999065 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 14.2261199951 , 9.66534614563 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 11.6219701767 , 0.992204189301 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 5.71974849701 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 12.61054039 , 2.19371294975 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 2.53482198715 , 0.459137588739 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 5.15660667419 , 0.286882787943 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 14.0412559509 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.104967400432 , 0.0313851982355 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 2.07431077957 , 0.141255006194 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.0818770974874 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 2.70867705345 , 0.442210912704 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 13.3410596848 , 6.63584184647 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 13.4957799911 , 1.71790099144 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 6.13451290131 , 2.11583709717 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.173584699631 , 0.624968707561 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 7.7751698494 , 1.70842695236 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 6.90639209747 , 1.06830298901 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 35.7425994873 , 1.29333996773 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.41054058075 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 1.7921860218 , 0.432512611151 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 14.4174203873 , 1.41552805901 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 14.3175201416 , 4.03697919846 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.702842772007 , 0.00759069994092 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 18.940870285 , 8.62094974518 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.309641838074 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.140270233154 , 0.0739590004086 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.694934248924 , 0.157764002681 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 1.76836597919 , 0.0408258996904 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 4.0026140213 , 1.01366198063 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.322996795177 , 2.61720991135 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.152010917664 , 0.372930258512 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.0416193008423 , 0.268993869424 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 1.50925779343 , 0.0586730018258 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 4.28300714493 , 0.648147284985 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 4.5985660553 , 0.0743194967508 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 4.83582305908 , 0.263458311558 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 14.8789701462 , 8.86443519592 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 17.282869339 , 3.71153998375 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 1.20753097534 , 0.135162994266 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 1.12502801418 , 0.139283403754 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 16.7562294006 , 3.95865893364 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 26.6071491241 , 6.06789302826 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.156686395407 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 1993 ,0,1) , 1.8909419775 , 0.86321502924 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 2.34104728699 , 1.22038197517 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 3.43648195267 , 0.701143980026 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 1.36789706101 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 24.1852397919 , 6.88242292404 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 11.2527799606 , 3.47834801674 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 2.38890743256 , 1.18013843894 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 5.3630232811 , 1.13627195358 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 15.8396596909 , 1.26787602901 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 1.05677080154 , 0.399659901857 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 29.4799385071 , 8.38896560669 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.300734788179 , 0.0554445981979 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 1.13223397732 , 0.361062586308 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 19.6505298615 , 6.43219995499 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 2.6058139801 , 0.816989719868 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 1.32208001614 , 0.229526296258 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 3.34640026093 , 0.206034600735 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.282437682152 , 0.010657900013 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 4.3556599617 , 0.294529795647 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 19.2052497864 , 9.66984462738 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 3.40198516846 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 1.41341304779 , 0.277754485607 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.983214616776 , 0.16911290586 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.190234899521 , 0.0877439975739 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 15.9256601334 , 13.2824897766 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 13.4628000259 , 1.52405703068 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 7.17358875275 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 15.126999855 , 3.06291103363 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 2.84058690071 , 1.4486989975 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 6.10681724548 , 0.353939414024 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 15.0298366547 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.205194696784 , 0.10733730346 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 2.20063781738 , 0.17129920423 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.0918205976486 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 3.38633298874 , 1.38355898857 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 16.9890193939 , 8.24722385406 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 15.6355800629 , 2.45702004433 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 7.16983604431 , 3.91717910767 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.34721711278 , 1.06103801727 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 9.19111919403 , 3.46175003052 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 8.68989276886 , 2.15342998505 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 36.3953895569 , 3.23193502426 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 2.9459104538 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 2.30984997749 , 0.626135408878 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 16.9261894226 , 2.08973288536 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 17.9914798737 , 6.62086296082 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.80014282465 , 0.0499061010778 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 22.9867191315 , 13.5815095901 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.776455879211 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.304220020771 , 0.162797704339 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 1.08162415028 , 0.222877904773 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 2.20580792427 , 0.101057201624 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 4.29612588882 , 1.73351705074 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.370054543018 , 4.77619695663 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 2.61016082764 , 0.497240344683 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.061601601541 , 0.358658492565 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 2.80546092987 , 0.111208498478 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 4.77290391922 , 1.03479099274 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 5.42140769958 , 0.133523195982 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 4.8027920723 , 0.335702508688 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 18.2055492401 , 15.7136697769 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 22.947889328 , 4.76405286789 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 1.59823298454 , 0.207690402865 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 1.28408694267 , 0.284090489149 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 17.2237091064 , 6.8546872139 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 29.0576591492 , 9.04889965057 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 0.649231910706 , 0.213647902012 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 1994 ,0,1) , 2.31264090538 , 1.47546505928 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 3.47896766663 , 1.52547746897 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 3.56539011002 , 1.16376101971 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 2.03812909126 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 27.7520999908 , 12.496720314 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 16.1560192108 , 4.76646089554 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 3.21885681152 , 1.46891796589 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 5.72407722473 , 1.76072597504 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 17.7570590973 , 2.32082796097 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 2.80403995514 , 0.722974896431 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 32.5626792908 , 10.2963199615 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 0.334148913622 , 0.0966224968433 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 1.6731120348 , 0.796607494354 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 21.8414402008 , 8.83820915222 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 3.2928249836 , 1.37071800232 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 1.63459599018 , 0.712450504303 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 4.51091718674 , 0.53958427906 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 0.370439529419 , 0.0178433991969 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 5.3239068985 , 0.473343700171 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 26.7795906067 , 15.7285003662 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 4.01301050186 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 1.50101017952 , 0.7296205163 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 1.31620597839 , 0.477168500423 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 0.476975917816 , 0.237712800503 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 23.4934692383 , 20.3439006805 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 14.6041402817 , 2.23786401749 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 8.62742900848 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 17.8787994385 , 4.56154298782 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 3.28409695625 , 2.56159591675 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 7.05702781677 , 0.402268797159 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 16.0184173584 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 0.300891608 , 0.300881594419 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 2.32696485519 , 0.169734299183 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 0.10176409781 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 3.87260389328 , 2.56559991837 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 20.5624408722 , 11.545999527 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 18.2883701324 , 4.37812614441 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 8.37681007385 , 6.84629678726 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 0.520849525928 , 1.81699502468 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 12.0345602036 , 9.33446216583 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 10.7917499542 , 3.64678192139 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 37.0481796265 , 6.62539100647 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 5.48128032684 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 2.59394192696 , 0.744151294231 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 20.0531692505 , 3.48666501045 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 21.8712997437 , 9.97878170013 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 1.00516200066 , 0.0982825011015 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 27.3675098419 , 22.5112094879 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 1.24326992035 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 0.468169808388 , 0.327368289232 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 1.46831405163 , 0.308526307344 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 2.85011005402 , 0.194325700402 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 5.48333787918 , 3.39812397957 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 0.417112290859 , 7.76420021057 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 5.06831073761 , 0.621550430854 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 3.33470127173 , 0.676320016384 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 4.10166406631 , 0.229599997401 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 6.01194286346 , 2.3670899868 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 6.24424934387 , 0.190302506089 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 4.76976108551 , 0.406895309687 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 24.9236698151 , 22.7485198975 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 28.558380127 , 6.38518190384 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 1.98519194126 , 0.504477024078 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 1.46916902065 , 0.698063075542 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 20.4611492157 , 9.94582653046 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 32.0100593567 , 12.5316400528 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 2.17513394356 , 1.23995101452 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 1995 ,0,1) , 2.71651792526 , 1.82821702957 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 4.61688804626 , 1.83057296276 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 4.15416097641 , 1.89140498638 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 3.4592499733 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 29.1817893982 , 21.9689292908 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 17.3361797333 , 7.41379308701 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 4.04880619049 , 1.74367797375 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 6.08513116837 , 2.38955497742 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 19.169670105 , 4.70071697235 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 4.55130910873 , 0.994005918503 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 35.6454200745 , 12.9295701981 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 0.36612701416 , 0.436737209558 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 2.07545804977 , 1.52494502068 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 24.6739997864 , 11.8224897385 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 3.82432699203 , 2.18564105034 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 2.34323096275 , 1.33171200752 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 5.67543411255 , 1.30579698086 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 0.458441376686 , 0.0222167000175 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 6.7803440094 , 1.94029200077 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 30.4775009155 , 25.0790195465 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 4.62403583527 , 0.608572781086 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 1.58860731125 , 1.05986499786 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 1.50963497162 , 0.515682578087 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 0.763716936111 , 0.40189358592 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 27.3146190643 , 29.3047409058 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 16.0846691132 , 4.21401309967 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 10.0812692642 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 20.8747406006 , 6.72874689102 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 3.44483995438 , 4.9531211853 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 8.00723838806 , 0.570216715336 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 17.0069980621 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 0.490335702896 , 0.42581731081 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 2.45329189301 , 0.163389101624 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 0.111707597971 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0399593003094 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 4.36230278015 , 4.58623504639 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 25.9101905823 , 17.3246593475 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 20.8915596008 , 7.93329381943 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 9.23331928253 , 11.1879997253 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 0.79787671566 , 2.1797990799 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 16.2146205902 , 21.386220932 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 13.883890152 , 7.00578784943 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 37.700969696 , 10.9454402924 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 8.01665019989 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 3.0819439888 , 1.08601295948 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 23.1473197937 , 6.53268814087 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 24.3551692963 , 13.3358097076 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 1.20202898979 , 0.111460901797 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 31.7301292419 , 28.7541694641 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 1.71008396149 , 0.256865590811 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 0.632119596004 , 0.663363695145 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 1.85500395298 , 0.828453123569 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 3.10601091385 , 0.561411380768 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 6.66135597229 , 6.59823179245 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 0.4641700387 , 8.82775020599 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 7.52646064758 , 0.745860517025 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 6.60780094191 , 0.936962485313 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 4.64971208572 , 0.533005774021 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 7.74585485458 , 7.49010515213 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 7.06709098816 , 0.246487602592 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 4.73673009872 , 0.577907502651 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 29.3796005249 , 28.1592197418 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 34.1063194275 , 9.41779232025 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 2.76485109329 , 0.753145396709 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 1.72571599483 , 1.26501095295 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 21.9474697113 , 12.5262298584 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 35.4481697083 , 16.161939621 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 3.70103597641 , 2.42421007156 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 1996 ,0,1) , 3.10367107391 , 2.57915091515 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 5.7548084259 , 1.93172705173 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 4.77743196487 , 5.62944889069 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 3.84628391266 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 33.1731300354 , 24.8961696625 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 21.0189609528 , 14.338640213 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 4.87875556946 , 2.15062689781 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 6.82399702072 , 3.03781604767 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 20.5732803345 , 9.54692268372 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 6.6546292305 , 1.12862503529 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 38.7028083801 , 16.5712509155 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 0.38395640254 , 1.5157699585 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 2.5255420208 , 2.73600411415 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 27.4631996155 , 14.0497703552 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 4.40392589569 , 2.7633459568 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 3.03644299507 , 3.16344404221 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 6.83995103836 , 1.76161599159 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 0.546443223953 , 0.0272675007582 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 8.24288654327 , 5.10417890549 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 36.0360298157 , 27.3876895905 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 5.23506116867 , 0.727901220322 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 1.67620444298 , 1.79107999802 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 1.6982640028 , 1.07419395447 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 1.05045795441 , 0.679299414158 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 31.1296195984 , 42.0750694275 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 19.2309608459 , 9.91775226593 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 11.53510952 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 23.8773994446 , 10.082110405 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 4.3467040062 , 8.67213821411 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 8.95744895935 , 0.971434175968 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 17.9955787659 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 0.671276628971 , 0.615598976612 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 2.57961893082 , 0.190025597811 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 0.121651098132 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 0.336498886347 , 0.242733493447 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 5.72977113724 , 6.85422420502 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 29.3127307892 , 23.9514293671 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 23.9812908173 , 14.8520498276 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 11.3070497513 , 20.4186191559 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 1.97777605057 , 2.61046695709 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 20.2153491974 , 30.3261108398 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 15.1370897293 , 15.023059845 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 38.3537597656 , 16.1105003357 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 10.5520200729 , 3.94743108749 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 3.34602999687 , 1.82025504112 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 28.1294994354 , 10.9769001007 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 26.8334693909 , 15.193110466 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 1.60553503036 , 0.161837905645 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 35.9820213318 , 37.9693603516 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 2.17689800262 , 0.844163477421 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 0.796069383621 , 1.65824902058 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 2.31041097641 , 1.70879602432 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 3.88033890724 , 2.10107398033 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 7.33240413666 , 14.9319295883 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 0.511227786541 , 9.77211284637 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 9.98461055756 , 0.510165989399 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 9.8809006121 , 1.06102895737 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 6.96228313446 , 3.71581697464 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 9.47239017487 , 10.8127202988 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 7.88993263245 , 0.303001105785 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 4.70369911194 , 0.535115480423 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 33.8644218445 , 35.7721214294 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 39.5929412842 , 14.7678699493 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 3.93268489838 , 1.34812402725 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 2.00361990929 , 2.48111200333 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 24.2837505341 , 15.2264299393 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 39.5739517212 , 20.0818901062 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 6.12202119827 , 3.03759407997 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 1997 ,0,1) , 3.47520899773 , 4.65634584427 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 6.89272880554 , 2.03999996185 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 5.30442094803 , 7.40000009537 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 6.17999982834 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 37.0617904663 , 26.2600002289 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 23.4866008759 , 28.75 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 5.70870494843 , 2.73000001907 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 7.55935001373 , 4.73000001907 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 21.481300354 , 17.3099994659 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 8.65609741211 , 1.48000001907 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 41.7348899841 , 20.1800003052 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 0.75192117691 , 3.0 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 2.96187901497 , 4.36000013351 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 31.2016391754 , 17.75 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 6.22811317444 , 6.40999984741 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 3.19437098503 , 4.67999982834 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 8.00446796417 , 2.90000009537 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 0.63444507122 , 0.0399999991059 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 9.71190738678 , 9.39999961853 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 37.7681388855 , 36.4799995422 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 5.84608650208 , 0.949999988079 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 1.76380157471 , 2.45000004768 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 1.88225603104 , 2.02999997139 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 1.3371989727 , 2.32999992371 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 34.9379806519 , 55.25 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 23.0387992859 , 19.1299991608 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 12.9889497757 , 2.6099998951 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 27.8619709015 , 16.9699993134 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 5.05770206451 , 18.8400001526 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 9.90765953064 , 1.39999997616 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 18.9841594696 , 3.40000009537 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 0.843902289867 , 1.03999996185 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 2.70594596863 , 0.189999997616 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 0.131594598293 , 0.119999997318 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 0.819067120552 , 0.579999983311 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 6.42364692688 , 10.4200000763 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 32.6422805786 , 37.8199996948 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 27.2545890808 , 25.5300006866 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 13.2031002045 , 35.9199981689 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 3.92416191101 , 3.1099998951 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 23.7233295441 , 37.4599990845 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 17.9178905487 , 30.6399993896 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 38.9900398254 , 30.6599998474 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 13.087389946 , 14.5200004578 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 3.60289907455 , 3.47000002861 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 32.4259414673 , 21.2999992371 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 29.295129776 , 20.7999992371 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 1.88851594925 , 0.370000004768 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 40.488910675 , 46.7400016785 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 2.64371204376 , 3.02999997139 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 0.960019171238 , 4.51000022888 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 2.98513293266 , 2.95000004768 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 4.91422510147 , 5.0 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 7.99433898926 , 30.3500003815 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 0.558285534382 , 15.3599996567 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 12.4427604675 , 0.980000019073 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 13.1540002823 , 1.24000000954 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 8.71550178528 , 8.65999984741 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 10.6863203049 , 16.2000007629 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 8.71277427673 , 0.699999988079 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 4.67066812515 , 1.32000005245 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 39.4996109009 , 46.4399986267 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 42.2118682861 , 23.8299999237 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 4.70181512833 , 2.04999995232 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 2.57474398613 , 5.44000005722 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 27.2895793915 , 25.4200000763 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 44.5468788147 , 24.6200008392 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 9.11373806 , 4.59999990463 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 1998 ,0,1) , 3.83205008507 , 8.56000041962 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 8.03064918518 , 11.2600002289 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 5.75271987915 , 10.529999733 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 13.5200004578 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 42.4491004944 , 33.3300018311 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 28.429309845 , 53.2299995422 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 6.53865432739 , 5.30000019073 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 7.91434383392 , 8.03999996185 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 21.900390625 , 31.3500003815 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 10.5634098053 , 2.69000005722 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 44.7412986755 , 20.4500007629 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 1.227429986 , 5.15999984741 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 3.56027698517 , 8.76000022888 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 36.5116004944 , 22.7399997711 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 7.58082723618 , 14.8400001526 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 3.38083910942 , 5.03000020981 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 10.4172897339 , 3.59999990463 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 0.992613077164 , 0.0500000007451 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 10.6992998123 , 18.9799995422 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 45.129699707 , 49.4500007629 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 6.45711183548 , 1.16999995708 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 1.85139870644 , 4.88000011444 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 2.06123495102 , 3.16000008583 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 1.623939991 , 8.64999961853 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 36.0199699402 , 63.4199981689 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 26.5487308502 , 36.4199981689 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 14.4427900314 , 11.3199996948 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 29.6591205597 , 28.5799999237 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 5.85651302338 , 35.7999992371 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 10.8578701019 , 1.99000000954 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 19.9727401733 , 20.7900009155 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 1.00822401047 , 3.07999992371 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 2.83227300644 , 0.370000004768 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 0.141538098454 , 0.289999991655 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 0.957694113255 , 1.28999996185 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 7.31692695618 , 15.8999996185 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 35.905090332 , 61.9799995422 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 31.4730606079 , 44.7200012207 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 15.615070343 , 53.1199989319 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 4.28488397598 , 5.67000007629 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 28.6376209259 , 44.9399986267 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 24.805639267 , 50.8400001526 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 39.6085700989 , 48.5 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 15.622759819 , 26.7000007629 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 4.35987091064 , 7.88000011444 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 36.0464096069 , 42.6199989319 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 33.0306510925 , 36.4199981689 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 2.05726099014 , 0.879999995232 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 44.6965904236 , 59.7599983215 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 3.1105260849 , 8.05000019073 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 1.12396895885 , 8.31000041962 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 3.52448606491 , 3.96000003815 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 6.20801019669 , 10.279999733 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 9.13841056824 , 45.9099998474 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 0.605343282223 , 21.4300003052 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 14.9009103775 , 1.53999996185 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 13.7039003372 , 1.48000001907 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 0.202923059464 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 10.9317302704 , 12.3500003815 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 11.8724899292 , 37.5600013733 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 9.53561592102 , 1.32000005245 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 4.63763713837 , 3.79999995232 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 45.122051239 , 57.9300003052 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 46.2221488953 , 42.7599983215 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 5.4668970108 , 3.0 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 3.27630996704 , 12.4099998474 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 30.7869701385 , 46.3100013733 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 50.1299705505 , 30.2399997711 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 9.94972038269 , 9.64000034332 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 1999 ,0,1) , 4.17503023148 , 15.8100004196 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 9.16856956482 , 28.5200004578 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 6.93847608566 , 17.5599994659 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 0.0 , 16.5499992371 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 47.1909408569 , 44.6599998474 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 35.8190689087 , 76.4199981689 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 7.36860370636 , 10.3400001526 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 8.26791000366 , 11.3100004196 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 22.3216896057 , 55.2200012207 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 12.3830795288 , 6.67999982834 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 47.7220611572 , 20.6800003052 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 1.68336999416 , 7.0 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 4.88905715942 , 13.3100004196 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 42.0345611572 , 28.4400005341 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 9.21370124817 , 22.0599994659 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 3.56125402451 , 5.67000007629 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 15.2718496323 , 5.38000011444 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 1.21352005005 , 0.0599999986589 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 12.1746301651 , 42.5099983215 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 50.5655288696 , 63.0400009155 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 7.06813716888 , 1.75999999046 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 1.93899583817 , 7.98999977112 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 2.2347650528 , 3.92000007629 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 1.91068100929 , 12.5100002289 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 39.6018486023 , 72.0699996948 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 30.230430603 , 49.1300010681 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 15.2151403427 , 24.1200008392 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 33.5663299561 , 58.7299995422 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 6.83370304108 , 54.2200012207 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 11.8122997284 , 4.25 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 20.9465999603 , 39.5699996948 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 1.16420900822 , 7.63000011444 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 2.95825004578 , 5.26999998093 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 0.151481598616 , 0.639999985695 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 1.08960604668 , 2.49000000954 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 8.50793552399 , 30.1200008392 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 39.1076393127 , 76.4499969482 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 35.7764816284 , 64.6999969482 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 17.8463592529 , 73.9700012207 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 4.64297389984 , 14.2899999619 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 31.4876194 , 52.7099990845 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 39.7933197021 , 57.7599983215 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 45.9532394409 , 69.4100036621 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 16.8358001709 , 42.0900001526 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 5.69499397278 , 14.1400003433 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 39.6288604736 , 67.5800018311 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 36.1426811218 , 39.8600006104 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 2.42002606392 , 1.76999998093 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 48.8653411865 , 71.9000015259 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 3.55938506126 , 13.9099998474 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 1.27967202663 , 15.3400001526 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 4.04590082169 , 4.90000009537 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 6.9082698822 , 17.5599994659 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 10.2688598633 , 65.1800003052 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 0.652401030064 , 24.2600002289 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 17.3027496338 , 2.6099998951 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 14.2444601059 , 1.59000003338 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 0.591953039169 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 13.7032003403 , 23.1200008392 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 17.191740036 , 60.2599983215 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 10.3493795395 , 2.19000005722 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 4.60460615158 , 8.78999996185 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 50.690448761 , 71.9199981689 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 65.573890686 , 64.5699996948 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 6.22713518143 , 12.5 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 3.66384196281 , 24.2800006866 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 34.4129714966 , 73.7600021362 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 56.6594696045 , 38.0299987793 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 10.4741001129 , 12.3699998856 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 2000 ,0,1) , 4.5049161911 , 22.3199996948 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 10.3064899445 , 31.7800006866 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 7.78013896942 , 18.0699996948 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 0.120012760162 , 57.1500015259 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 51.8318710327 , 57.3600006104 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 41.9256591797 , 81.3700027466 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 8.19855308533 , 19.5900001526 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 9.36978816986 , 21.1299991608 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 23.2301692963 , 75.2600021362 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 13.3150396347 , 15.1899995804 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 50.6770095825 , 21.1100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 2.00277090073 , 9.18999958038 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 6.12324905396 , 16.2700004578 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 45.816280365 , 34.3600006104 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 10.5152902603 , 32.6899986267 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 3.61927604675 , 8.07999992371 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 17.4370708466 , 8.14000034332 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 1.97109496593 , 0.0799999982119 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 14.6257801056 , 68.0699996948 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 54.1046485901 , 73.9599990845 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 7.68600082397 , 11.3500003815 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 2.02659296989 , 14.1599998474 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 2.40277194977 , 6.88999986649 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 2.18666195869 , 14.3599996567 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 42.3850097656 , 80.5199966431 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 32.7669906616 , 62.2200012207 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 15.9646196365 , 43.7799987793 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 37.9938011169 , 68.3199996948 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 7.80743598938 , 72.5699996948 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 12.7772903442 , 6.32999992371 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 20.7536296844 , 67.2799987793 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 1.31193399429 , 9.96000003815 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 3.08429193497 , 9.94999980927 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 0.161425098777 , 1.03999996185 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 1.21545898914 , 3.74000000954 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 9.31260490417 , 48.7599983215 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 42.2539710999 , 87.5400009155 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 38.8292694092 , 76.7799987793 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 19.5510807037 , 89.4199981689 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 4.99941301346 , 23.0900001526 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 35.8236694336 , 58.9599990845 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 47.8212013245 , 62.1899986267 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 52.1267700195 , 92.4599990845 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 18.5490493774 , 73.7399978638 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 6.79613876343 , 21.5799999237 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 43.1731185913 , 76.25 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 38.8853797913 , 58.4799995422 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 2.56953001022 , 3.18000006676 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 50.7949905396 , 79.6600036621 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 3.65881800652 , 15.8000001907 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 2.6766269207 , 21.0599994659 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 4.74192619324 , 6.80000019073 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 8.54183387756 , 26.0699996948 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 11.774310112 , 77.5599975586 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 0.699458777905 , 29.3999996185 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 19.6232299805 , 4.5 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 14.7743701935 , 1.70000004768 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 0.980983018875 , 0.0 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 14.8093595505 , 39.9099998474 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 21.8886699677 , 72.8499984741 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 11.1535301208 , 6.94000005722 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 4.57157516479 , 18.3600006104 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 56.1742897034 , 80.7799987793 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 68.6993408203 , 72.9899978638 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 6.98234701157 , 19.7000007629 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 3.89748311043 , 29.0200004578 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 37.367641449 , 78.2600021362 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 62.0200386047 , 44.1599998474 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 10.9910898209 , 15.6300001144 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 2001 ,0,1) , 5.22431516647 , 26.0300006866 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 11.4444103241 , 47.7400016785 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 7.96978378296 , 17.4300003052 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 2.08210754395 , 65.1100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 56.8881492615 , 64.4700012207 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 47.9814987183 , 83.3300018311 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 9.02850246429 , 38.8600006104 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 10.4665899277 , 38.6500015259 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 27.0366401672 , 78.9100036621 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 13.8135204315 , 19.6000003815 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 53.6083106995 , 47.2999992371 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 2.19365692139 , 11.8100004196 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 7.26683807373 , 19.4699993134 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 48.8638305664 , 37.9099998474 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 11.3834400177 , 39.5699996948 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 3.67581605911 , 11.1899995804 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 19.9416999817 , 12.25 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 2.23362207413 , 0.159999996424 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 17.5674800873 , 84.5 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 57.630279541 , 83.3600006104 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 8.95129203796 , 17.9400005341 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 2.11419010162 , 18.6700000763 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 3.17847704887 , 12.3599996567 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 2.45271801949 , 14.8199996948 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 44.1855583191 , 86.8799972534 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 34.6405982971 , 64.4899978638 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 16.6912193298 , 48.6199989319 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 43.1476898193 , 71.9000015259 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 8.14637565613 , 84.6800003052 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 13.7508296967 , 7.42999982834 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 20.5669193268 , 67.9000015259 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 1.47723805904 , 13.3699998856 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 3.21075797081 , 10.4600000381 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 0.171368598938 , 1.55999994278 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 1.35058104992 , 5.03000020981 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 10.8097400665 , 67.7900009155 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 45.3462486267 , 91.1699981689 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 42.0570793152 , 76.1200027466 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 22.5032901764 , 94.1200027466 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 5.3931388855 , 47.7000007629 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 38.1886787415 , 63.8199996948 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 49.7234687805 , 68.8899993896 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 59.2588005066 , 105.61000061 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 19.9865703583 , 76.3300018311 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 8.11400127411 , 25.4099998474 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 47.0368309021 , 75.2300033569 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 41.7857208252 , 61.8199996948 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 2.90563797951 , 4.51999998093 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 52.8303604126 , 83.5199966431 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 3.75469088554 , 17.1700000763 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 3.48435091972 , 29.9200000763 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 5.23117113113 , 8.61999988556 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 10.5640001297 , 36.2599983215 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 13.493519783 , 83.75 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 0.746516525745 , 46.6599998474 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 21.8526191711 , 10.5799999237 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 15.2946100235 , 8.92000007629 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 1.37001299858 , 1.36000001431 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 18.6951198578 , 54.3300018311 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 19.1588096619 , 81.2699966431 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 11.9480400085 , 9.22999954224 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 4.53854417801 , 22.5499992371 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 62.1962013245 , 89.0800018311 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 71.5675430298 , 78.7799987793 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 6.95972776413 , 20.1399993896 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 4.2687997818 , 34.0999984741 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 40.5757217407 , 82.8899993896 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 66.6008936564 , 48.2299995422 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 11.5010595322 , 15.4300003052 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 6.05927801132 , 25.8199996948 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 11.4444103241 , 47.7400016785 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 7.96978378296 , 17.4300003052 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 2.08210754395 , 65.1100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 56.8881492615 , 64.4700012207 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 47.9814987183 , 83.3300018311 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 9.02850246429 , 38.8600006104 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 10.4665899277 , 38.6500015259 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 27.0366401672 , 78.9100036621 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 13.8135204315 , 19.6000003815 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 53.6083106995 , 47.2999992371 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 2.19365692139 , 11.8100004196 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 7.26683807373 , 19.4699993134 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 48.8638305664 , 37.9099998474 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 11.3834400177 , 39.5699996948 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 3.67581605911 , 11.1899995804 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 19.9416999817 , 12.25 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 2.23362207413 , 0.159999996424 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 17.5674800873 , 84.5 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 57.630279541 , 83.3600006104 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 8.95129203796 , 17.9400005341 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 2.11419010162 , 18.6700000763 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 3.17847704887 , 12.3599996567 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 2.45271801949 , 14.8199996948 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 44.1855583191 , 86.8799972534 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 34.6405982971 , 64.4899978638 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 16.6912193298 , 48.6199989319 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 43.1476898193 , 71.9000015259 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 8.14637565613 , 84.6800003052 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 13.7508296967 , 7.42999982834 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 20.5669193268 , 67.9000015259 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 1.47723805904 , 13.3699998856 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 3.21075797081 , 10.4600000381 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 0.171368598938 , 1.55999994278 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 1.35058104992 , 5.03000020981 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 10.8097400665 , 67.7900009155 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 45.3462486267 , 91.1699981689 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 42.0570793152 , 76.1200027466 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 22.5032901764 , 94.1200027466 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 5.3931388855 , 47.7000007629 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 38.1886787415 , 63.8199996948 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 49.7234687805 , 68.8899993896 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 59.2588005066 , 105.61000061 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 19.9865703583 , 76.3300018311 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 8.11400127411 , 25.4099998474 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 47.0368309021 , 75.2300033569 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 41.7857208252 , 61.8199996948 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 2.90563797951 , 4.51999998093 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 52.8303604126 , 83.5199966431 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 3.75469088554 , 17.1700000763 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 3.48435091972 , 29.9200000763 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 5.23117113113 , 8.61999988556 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 10.5640001297 , 36.2599983215 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 13.493519783 , 83.75 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 0.746516525745 , 46.6599998474 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 21.8526191711 , 10.5799999237 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 15.2946100235 , 8.92000007629 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 1.37001299858 , 1.36000001431 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 18.6951198578 , 54.3300018311 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 19.1588096619 , 81.2699966431 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 11.9480400085 , 9.22999954224 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 4.53854417801 , 22.5499992371 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 62.1962013245 , 89.0800018311 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 71.5675430298 , 78.7799987793 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 6.95972776413 , 20.1399993896 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 4.2687997818 , 34.0999984741 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 40.5757217407 , 82.8899993896 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 66.6008936564 , 48.2299995422 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 11.5010595322 , 15.4300003052 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 2002 ,0,1) , 6.05927801132 , 25.8199996948 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 12.5648698807 , 56.7299995422 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 8.15679073334 , 20.6200008392 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 4.04420232773 , 72.0500030518 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 60.8266601562 , 72.0800018311 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 55.2160987854 , 89.4199981689 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 9.85845184326 , 38.5099983215 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 11.5583696365 , 55.5699996948 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 31.7951793671 , 83.4499969482 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 14.2930498123 , 22.3700008392 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 53.6083106995 , 62.7999992371 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 2.26366090775 , 14.470000267 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 8.62586593628 , 25.5400009155 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 52.1075706482 , 42.0 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 12.5383796692 , 45.5600013733 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 3.76653504372 , 14.8199996948 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 21.7892494202 , 18.6200008392 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 2.40645098686 , 0.319999992847 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 20.512550354 , 95.3700027466 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 61.4032287598 , 88.4899978638 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 12.1303396225 , 35.1100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 2.19890904427 , 22.6100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 4.20133495331 , 18.7700004578 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 3.31160902977 , 19.1100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 46.0685310364 , 91.0699996948 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 41.6610183716 , 69.2399978638 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 17.3942298889 , 49.1199989319 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 48.4362106323 , 78.7200012207 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 8.50576496124 , 81.0800018311 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 14.7168502808 , 41.5 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 20.3887004852 , 64.8700027466 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 1.66687905788 , 16.8299999237 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 3.47134590149 , 18.1299991608 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 0.180996194482 , 3.50999999046 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 1.45075595379 , 5.73000001907 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 12.5514001846 , 78.4199981689 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 46.3130989075 , 97.0699996948 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 45.5241012573 , 87.0500030518 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 26.7077999115 , 98.0 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 5.82357692719 , 59.9199981689 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 40.7174606323 , 68.0899963379 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 51.0872612 , 71.2200012207 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 61.7952804565 , 118.919998169 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 20.3914604187 , 70.5999984741 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 9.58432292938 , 29.1700000763 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 51.2568092346 , 81.6600036621 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 44.8815612793 , 64.7600021362 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 3.28397893906 , 8.77999973297 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 54.967628479 , 88.9100036621 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 3.84722399712 , 22.2000007629 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 4.54258680344 , 31.1599998474 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 6.62698698044 , 10.8000001907 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 14.2015895844 , 45.4500007629 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 13.4622001648 , 95.9899978638 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 0.793111085892 , 47.9799995422 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 23.9957809448 , 45.9399986267 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 15.804479599 , 61.0999984741 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 2.00762891769 , 3.25999999046 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 23.5092391968 , 68.3499984741 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 22.1762905121 , 88.8899993896 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 12.7334499359 , 58.0800018311 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 4.5082821846 , 34.5800018311 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 68.8259124756 , 98.1200027466 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 75.1463165283 , 84.3399963379 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 7.93972015381 , 25.6900005341 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 4.67773199081 , 40.2200012207 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 44.061920166 , 90.9300003052 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 71.1817487081 , 54.0999984741 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 12.0045003891 , 14.9600000381 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 2003 ,0,1) , 7.03061294556 , 27.1900005341 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 13.6615400314 , 65.5199966431 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 8.33951663971 , 35.2099990845 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 6.00629711151 , 99.2200012207 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 64.765171051 , 81.7799987793 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 57.8748283386 , 97.6299972534 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 10.666270256 , 57.8600006104 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 12.6450004578 , 79.2300033569 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 34.8759498596 , 88.1200027466 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 14.7547903061 , 33.1899986267 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 53.6083106995 , 76.6299972534 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 2.33099102974 , 19.9899997711 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 13.0496797562 , 35.6800003052 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 70.0609664917 , 46.9700012207 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 13.2594804764 , 57.4300003052 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 3.91423892975 , 24.5300006866 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 21.8667297363 , 21.6900005341 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 2.66785597801 , 0.680000007153 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 23.9514007568 , 105.910003662 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 65.4389572144 , 95.6399993896 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 16.5533409119 , 61.8800010681 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 2.28105592728 , 26.9799995422 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 5.55215406418 , 27.4300003052 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 4.43626880646 , 30.3500003815 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 48.0397911072 , 95.4199981689 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 49.7869110107 , 73.4700012207 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 18.0687294006 , 50.2900009155 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 54.4495582581 , 86.5699996948 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 8.88424396515 , 84.4400024414 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 15.647310257 , 42.3800010681 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 20.2217197418 , 69.75 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 2.03338098526 , 25.5599994659 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 3.59888696671 , 22.5100002289 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 0.190318897367 , 4.32000017166 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 1.56065404415 , 10.470000267 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 14.5790100098 , 86.3799972534 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 47.266910553 , 99.5500030518 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 49.2934989929 , 94.0699996948 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 31.2754592896 , 107.650001526 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 6.28972816467 , 69.3399963379 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 43.2462425232 , 71.8099975586 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 52.1719017029 , 77.2399978638 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 62.0904197693 , 102.480003357 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 20.799779892 , 74.6100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 10.6055803299 , 36.8800010681 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 68.4694595337 , 91.1299972534 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 48.2292709351 , 74.4899978638 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 3.72014093399 , 13.7100000381 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 57.1996688843 , 98.3799972534 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 4.09403181076 , 39.6800003052 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 5.91637706757 , 30.1900005341 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 8.34470462799 , 14.8900003433 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 11.7210102081 , 60.4000015259 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 13.4272699356 , 100.800003052 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 0.83927822113 , 68.8600006104 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 26.0731506348 , 59.7799987793 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 16.3044204712 , 61.7400016785 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 3.26874303818 , 5.15999984741 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 29.4919204712 , 79.4100036621 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 25.6926803589 , 90.9100036621 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 13.5103197098 , 66.3399963379 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 4.47968482971 , 43.0999984741 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 76.167137146 , 97.4100036621 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 84.3264770508 , 84.8700027466 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 8.91411495209 , 49.5699996948 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 5.12740278244 , 49.4099998474 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 60.3402900696 , 99.5500030518 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 75.7626037598 , 61.6399993896 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 12.5019102097 , 18.0400009155 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 2004 ,0,1) , 8.16142177582 , 32.0699996948 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 14.8504495621 , 102.949996948 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 9.03292274475 , 57.2099990845 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 7.96839189529 , 102.36000061 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 68.7036819458 , 90.3199996948 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 61.0053596497 , 105.260002136 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 12.3814897537 , 69.9800033569 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 14.839220047 , 81.4199981689 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 37.9497184753 , 92.2200012207 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 15.200050354 , 42.3499984741 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 53.6083106995 , 82.1500015259 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 2.39598798752 , 26.3700008392 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 16.0939998627 , 46.3300018311 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 87.6868286133 , 52.6699981689 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 14.1146697998 , 64.8499984741 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 4.14825582504 , 50.7599983215 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 23.1094799042 , 25.4400005341 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 3.34534192085 , 1.21000003815 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 27.3983192444 , 115.510002136 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 69.4583816528 , 100.589996338 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 20.9763422012 , 77.0899963379 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 2.31392002106 , 38.0099983215 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 6.54907989502 , 47.8199996948 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 5.08650588989 , 39.8100013733 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 50.0089492798 , 100.489997864 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 57.8555107117 , 78.8199996948 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 18.7432289124 , 50.2900009155 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 60.4673805237 , 96.1900024414 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 9.1727514267 , 92.7399978638 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 16.5777702332 , 45.7200012207 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 20.0547389984 , 69.75 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 2.07951998711 , 35.4900016785 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 3.86039710045 , 36.8400001526 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 0.187622204423 , 5.32000017166 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 1.42706394196 , 18.5900001526 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 14.4190797806 , 92.4800033569 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 48.2073287964 , 95.7300033569 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 52.9906616211 , 101.980003357 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 36.9856910706 , 121.919998169 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 6.7529001236 , 74.2799987793 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 45.7750244141 , 75.6999969482 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 53.7152709961 , 80.6100006104 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 62.3784713745 , 109.910003662 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 21.2080993652 , 74.6100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 13.0805196762 , 44.7400016785 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 85.5442199707 , 97.0400009155 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 51.5591392517 , 85.8799972534 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 4.00970697403 , 20.5200004578 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 59.4120483398 , 102.569999695 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 4.56001615524 , 54.1100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 7.46964406967 , 31.9599990845 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 10.011349678 , 20.0599994659 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 13.8753995895 , 76.3600006104 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 15.3143796921 , 108.540000916 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 0.834474623203 , 85.7099990845 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 28.1505203247 , 103.790000916 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 16.8043613434 , 63.9599990845 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 3.83330202103 , 7.82999992371 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 35.7162208557 , 84.3000030518 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 27.8653793335 , 99.1500015259 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 13.8596096039 , 64.9599990845 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 4.45198297501 , 46.5800018311 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 83.4839172363 , 100.410003662 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 88.6611480713 , 91.8499984741 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 9.88327026367 , 70.0999984741 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 5.5647521019 , 61.2799987793 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 76.5219573975 , 108.650001526 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 77.2602386475 , 70.3600006104 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 12.9937696457 , 34.7299995422 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 2005 ,0,1) , 9.25264263153 , 46.75 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 21.2121200562 , 130.210006714 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 9.72632884979 , 80.5800018311 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 9.93048667908 , 106.169998169 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 72.6421928406 , 95.7900009155 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 64.1358909607 , 112.199996948 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 14.0967092514 , 76.7699966431 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 17.0334396362 , 93.3899993896 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 42.1577110291 , 94.0400009155 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 15.6306800842 , 42.0099983215 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 53.6083106995 , 93.3499984741 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 2.4609849453 , 30.75 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 19.1383199692 , 53.0999984741 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 94.5786209106 , 57.4599990845 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 14.9698591232 , 75.6100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 5.37504386902 , 68.0999984741 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 24.352230072 , 32.8400001526 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 3.54186010361 , 1.36000001431 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 30.8452377319 , 121.339996338 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 72.7466430664 , 107.300003052 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 25.3993434906 , 106.300003052 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 2.99526691437 , 47.6100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 12.7435102463 , 64.2699966431 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 5.73674297333 , 63.3300018311 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 51.9781074524 , 107.730003357 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 65.873008728 , 84.1800003052 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 19.4177284241 , 50.2900009155 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 65.2839431763 , 103.959999084 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 9.38027381897 , 99.0299987793 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 17.5082302094 , 44.9199981689 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 19.887758255 , 69.75 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 2.12565898895 , 55.0999984741 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 4.12190723419 , 36.8400001526 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 2.69856054336 , 12.5500001907 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 1.64038395882 , 31.8600006104 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 18.3195590973 , 99.1200027466 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 53.8539199829 , 100.180000305 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 58.9087600708 , 109.809997559 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 42.6959228516 , 136.339996338 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 7.21607208252 , 84.7799987793 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 48.3038063049 , 78.3300018311 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 54.4393081665 , 84.1500015259 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 67.5446014404 , 151.86000061 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 21.6164188385 , 74.6100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 13.8469800949 , 52.0600013733 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 91.2207565308 , 105.529998779 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 54.1538505554 , 91.5500030518 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 4.29927301407 , 33.1300010681 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 63.1340904236 , 104.120002747 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 5.02600049973 , 66.1399993896 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 9.02291107178 , 53.7400016785 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 11.6779947281 , 31.1299991608 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 16.7694396973 , 96.2900009155 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 16.3013706207 , 115.370002747 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 0.829671025276 , 85.7099990845 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 30.2278900146 , 128.580001831 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 17.3043022156 , 86.8899993896 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 4.39786100388 , 11.8800001144 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 42.9584503174 , 90.7900009155 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 36.8843803406 , 104.86000061 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 14.208899498 , 80.4899978638 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 4.4242811203 , 63.3300018311 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 88.2038421631 , 105.419998169 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 88.3046264648 , 99.4100036621 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 17.4165496826 , 114.790000916 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 5.93192577362 , 73.0500030518 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 81.2069396973 , 115.690002441 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 79.8926086426 , 79.0999984741 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 13.4856290817 , 69.9599990845 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 2006 ,0,1) , 10.3438634872 , 69.0999984741 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 27.5737905502 , 131.220001221 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 10.4197349548 , 102.309997559 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 11.8925814629 , 109.029998779 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 76.5807037354 , 101.949996948 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 67.2664222717 , 119.319999695 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 15.8119287491 , 112.11000061 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 19.2276592255 , 132.0 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 46.3657035828 , 101.970001221 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 15.6414003372 , 40.1699981689 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 53.6083106995 , 106.879997253 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 2.52598190308 , 34.1699981689 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 22.1826400757 , 63.6300010681 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 101.470413208 , 61.5499992371 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 15.8250484467 , 83.8799972534 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 7.60864496231 , 76.5100021362 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 25.5949802399 , 33.8300018311 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 3.73837828636 , 1.76999998093 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 34.2921562195 , 128.830001831 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 55.1257286072 , 115.849998474 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 29.82234478 , 132.759994507 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 3.5083990097 , 56.1800003052 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 18.9379405975 , 74.5 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 6.38698005676 , 100.5 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 53.947265625 , 115.080001831 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 73.8905067444 , 89.6999969482 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 20.0922279358 , 50.2900009155 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 70.1005058289 , 116.870002747 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 9.58779621124 , 110.650001526 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 18.4386901855 , 49.7999992371 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 19.7207775116 , 69.75 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 2.1717979908 , 89.0999984741 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 4.38341736794 , 36.8400001526 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 5.20949888229 , 25.7199993134 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 1.99793100357 , 58.3300018311 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 25.6405792236 , 109.940002441 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 59.5005111694 , 106.330001831 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 64.8268585205 , 118.410003662 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 48.4061546326 , 151.419998169 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 7.67924404144 , 99.5699996948 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 50.8325881958 , 82.6500015259 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 57.8272705078 , 90.6900024414 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 72.7107315063 , 144.089996338 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 22.0247383118 , 74.6100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 14.6134405136 , 61.9199981689 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 96.8972930908 , 117.160003662 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 56.7485618591 , 101.38999939 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 4.58883905411 , 44.7200012207 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 66.8561325073 , 106.720001221 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 5.49198484421 , 90.0500030518 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 10.5761780739 , 76.6200027466 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 13.3446397781 , 54.0800018311 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 19.663479805 , 108.540000916 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 17.2156391144 , 126.410003662 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 0.824867427349 , 85.7099990845 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 32.3052597046 , 146.779998779 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 17.8042430878 , 91.9199981689 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 4.96241998672 , 19.0900001526 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 51.5035095215 , 112.489997864 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 39.8381309509 , 109.919998169 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 14.5581893921 , 101.36000061 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 4.39657926559 , 74.4599990845 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 92.9237670898 , 111.11000061 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 92.5978927612 , 109.260002136 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 13.1631298065 , 113.669998169 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 6.29909944534 , 84.8899993896 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 85.8919219971 , 121.239997864 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 82.5249786377 , 85.1999969482 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 13.9774885178 , 89.9800033569 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 2007 ,0,1) , 11.435084343 , 86.1299972534 ,' LAC '], [' Antigua and Barbuda ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 33.9354610443 , 157.669998169 ,' LAC '], [' Argentina ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 11.1131410599 , 116.61000061 ,' LAC '], [' Aruba ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 13.8546762466 , 114.559997559 ,' LAC '], [' Australia ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 80.5192146301 , 104.959999084 ,' OECD '], [' Austria ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 70.3969535828 , 129.729995728 ,' OECD '], [' Bahamas ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 17.5271482468 , 106.040000916 ,' LAC '], [' Barbados ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 21.4218788147 , 159.089996338 ,' LAC '], [' Belgium ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 50.5736961365 , 111.629997253 ,' OECD '], [' Belize ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 15.6521205902 , 53.2299995422 ,' LAC '], [' Bermuda ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 53.6083106995 , 122.069999695 ,' LAC '], [' Bolivia ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 2.59097886086 , 49.8199996948 ,' LAC '], [' Brazil ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 25.2269601822 , 78.4700012207 ,' LAC '], [' Canada ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 108.362205505 , 66.4199981689 ,' OECD '], [' Chile ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 16.6802377701 , 88.0500030518 ,' LAC '], [' Colombia ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 9.8422460556 , 91.9000015259 ,' LAC '], [' Costa Rica ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 26.8377304077 , 41.75 ,' LAC '], [' Cuba ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 3.93489646912 , 2.96000003815 ,' LAC '], [' Czech Republic ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 37.739074707 , 133.539993286 ,' OECD '], [' Denmark ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 37.5048141479 , 125.720001221 ,' OECD '], [' Dominica ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 34.2453460693 , 149.660003662 ,' LAC '], [' Dominican Rep. ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 4.02153110504 , 72.4499969482 ,' LAC '], [' Ecuador ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 25.1323709488 , 85.6100006104 ,' LAC '], [' El Salvador ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 7.0372171402 , 113.319999695 ,' LAC '], [' Finland ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 55.9164237976 , 128.759994507 ,' OECD '], [' France ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 81.9080047607 , 93.4499969482 ,' OECD '], [' French Guiana ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 20.7667274475 , 50.2900009155 ,' LAC '], [' Germany ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 74.9170684814 , 128.270004272 ,' OECD '], [' Greece ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 9.79531860352 , 123.900001526 ,' OECD '], [' Grenada ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 19.3691501617 , 57.9700012207 ,' LAC '], [' Guadeloupe ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 19.5537967682 , 69.75 ,' LAC '], [' Guatemala ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 2.21793699265 , 109.220001221 ,' LAC '], [' Guyana ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 4.64492750168 , 36.8400001526 ,' LAC '], [' Haiti ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 7.72043722123 , 32.4000015259 ,' LAC '], [' Honduras ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 2.35547804832 , 84.8600006104 ,' LAC '], [' Hungary ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 32.96159935 , 122.089996338 ,' OECD '], [' Iceland ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 65.147102356 , 108.63999939 ,' OECD '], [' Ireland ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 70.7449569702 , 120.739997864 ,' OECD '], [' Italy ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 54.1163864136 , 151.570007324 ,' OECD '], [' Jamaica ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 8.14241600037 , 100.580001831 ,' LAC '], [' Japan ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 53.3613700867 , 86.7300033569 ,' OECD '], [' Korea (Rep. of) ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 61.2152328491 , 94.7099990845 ,' OECD '], [' Luxembourg ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 77.8768615723 , 147.11000061 ,' OECD '], [' Martinique ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 22.433057785 , 74.6100006104 ,' LAC '], [' Mexico ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 15.3799009323 , 69.3700027466 ,' LAC '], [' Netherlands ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 102.573829651 , 124.800003052 ,' OECD '], [' New Zealand ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 59.3432731628 , 109.220001221 ,' OECD '], [' Nicaragua ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 4.87840509415 , 54.8400001526 ,' LAC '], [' Norway ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 70.5781745911 , 110.160003662 ,' OECD '], [' Panama ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 5.95796918869 , 115.190002441 ,' LAC '], [' Paraguay ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 12.129445076 , 95.4599990845 ,' LAC '], [' Peru ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 15.0112848282 , 72.6600036621 ,' LAC '], [' Poland ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 22.5575199127 , 115.279998779 ,' OECD '], [' Portugal ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 18.129907608 , 139.63999939 ,' OECD '], [' Puerto Rico ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 0.820063829422 , 85.7099990845 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Kitts and Nevis ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 34.3826293945 , 156.660003662 ,' LAC '], [' Saint Lucia ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 18.30418396 , 99.5299987793 ,' LAC '], [' Sao Tome and Principe ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 5.52697896957 , 30.5900001526 ,' LAC '], [' Slovak Republic ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 60.0485687256 , 102.230003357 ,' OECD '], [' Spain ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 42.7918815613 , 111.669998169 ,' OECD '], [' St. Vincent and the Grenadines ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 14.9074792862 , 119.230003357 ,' LAC '], [' Suriname ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 4.36887741089 , 80.7600021362 ,' LAC '], [' Sweden ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 97.6436920166 , 118.330001831 ,' OECD '], [' Switzerland ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 96.8911590576 , 117.970001221 ,' OECD '], [' Trinidad and Tobago ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 8.90970993042 , 112.870002747 ,' LAC '], [' Turkey ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 6.66627311707 , 89.0500030518 ,' OECD '], [' United Kingdom ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 90.5769042969 , 126.339996338 ,' OECD '], [' United States ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 85.1573486328 , 86.7900009155 ,' OECD '], [' Uruguay ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 14.4693479538 , 104.730003357 ,' LAC '], [' Venezuela ' ,new Date ( 2008 ,0,1) , 12.5263051987 , 96.3099975586 ,' LAC '] ]); 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It is an a <a href="http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/usb/adk.html" target="_new">Android Open Accessory</a> compatible development board, which allows external USB hardware to interact with an <a class="zem_slink" href="http://code.google.com/android/" rel="homepage" target="_blank" title="Android">Android-powered device</a> in an <b>accessory mode</b> without any special licensing or fees, unlike <a class="zem_slink" href="http://www.apple.com/" rel="homepage" target="_blank" title="Apple">Apple’s</a> <a class="zem_slink" href="https://developer.apple.com/programs/mfi/" rel="wikipedia" target="_blank" title="IPod">Made For iPod</a> (MFi) program. Pretty cool stuff!<br /> <br /> The accessory mode does not require the Android device to support USB Host mode, which most of them don’t really do at this time. The <b>Android Open Accessory Development Kit</b> (ADK) <a class="zem_slink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface" rel="wikipedia" target="_blank" title="Application programming interface">APIs</a> support both Android powered devices that act as a conventional <a class="zem_slink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB" rel="wikipedia" target="_blank" title="USB">USB host</a>, and non-host Android devices that communicate with USB hosts or <b>Android USB Accessories</b>. Devices that support accessory mode can be filtered using a <b><uses-feature></b> element in the application's Android manifest.<br /> <br /> In accessory mode the Android phone or tablet acts as the <b>USB Device</b> and <b>the accessory</b> acts as the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Serial_Bus" target="_new">USB Host</a>. This means that the accessory is the bus master and provides power, which also poses some challenges for those developing accessories (e.g. deal with battery, power management etc).<br /> <br /> Back to the <b>IOIO board</b>, it supports wired or <a class="zem_slink" href="http://www.bluetooth.org/" rel="homepage" target="_blank" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a> communication and enables virtually any Android 1.5+ device to control external circuits using different interfaces, from within Android's applications. Thanks to a 48 I/O pins – Digital Input/Output, <a class="zem_slink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-width_modulation" rel="wikipedia" target="_blank" title="Pulse-width modulation">PWM</a>, Analog Input, I2C, SPI and <a class="zem_slink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_asynchronous_receiver/transmitter" rel="wikipedia" target="_blank" title="Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter">UART</a> control – you can hook up the IOIO with a variety of devices, such as sensors, motors, actuators etc.<br /> <br /> Here are the <b>pieces of hardware I used</b>:<br /> <br /> <ul><li>An Android <a class="zem_slink" href="http://www.htc.com/us/products/inspire-att" rel="homepage" target="_blank" title="HTC Inspire 4G">HTC Inspire 4G</a></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">IOIO for Android board</span></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">USB cable that is compatible with your Android device</span></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">5-15V power supply with at least 1A of current.</span></li> </ul><br /> <b>The steps</b>:<br /> <ol><li>You need to <b>power the IOIO board</b>. I bought these suggested parts: <a href="http://www.sparkfun.com/products/8612">PRT-08612</a> (<a class="zem_slink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan_Standard_Time" rel="wikipedia" target="_blank" title="Japan Standard Time">JST</a> Right Angle Connector), <a href="http://www.sparkfun.com/products/8734">TOL-08734</a> (adapter Barrel Jack to 2-pin JS), and a power supply <a href="http://www.sparkfun.com/products/8269">TOL-08269</a> from <a class="zem_slink" href="http://www.sparkfun.com/" rel="homepage" target="_blank" title="SparkFun Electronics">SparkFun</a>. Then, I soldered the JST connector on the back of the board (see picture below).<br /> </li> <li><a href="http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/" target="_new"><b>Install Eclipse</b></a> (the Java developers version is sufficient) and ADT.</li> <li>Complete the <a href="http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/hello-world.html" target="_new"><b>Hello World Tutorial of Android</b></a>. If you are familiar with Android development, you may want to skip this step.</li> <li>Run your first <b>Hello IOIO application</b>; <a href="http://www.sparkfun.com/tutorials/280">this tutorial</a> will get you up to speed. The app displays a toggle button on the screen, which allows turn on and off an LED on the board.</li> </ol><div><br /> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJE0_N_zfvxIQUuA6b4CXt8VAmGH_LFxA6rxGn9ur7bHZkRZCkFa80TJ2LabqyjPPv_7oB1ttJ217ba3EUE4UzBjbyn8HM9PKlX1uEQVYNq6nMpPb2WVnNCcGo3N1rdGmJiFeK2VlX_jQ/s1600/IMAG0331.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="191" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJE0_N_zfvxIQUuA6b4CXt8VAmGH_LFxA6rxGn9ur7bHZkRZCkFa80TJ2LabqyjPPv_7oB1ttJ217ba3EUE4UzBjbyn8HM9PKlX1uEQVYNq6nMpPb2WVnNCcGo3N1rdGmJiFeK2VlX_jQ/s320/IMAG0331.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;">JST connector soldered on the back of the IOIO board.</div><br /> Now, you are ready to build the next big thing in the Android accessories’ world. <br /> <br /> Here is a video showing a very <b>cool implementation of an object follower robot using IOIO</b>:<br /> <br /> <div><span align="center" class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="266" mozallowfullscreen="mozallowfullscreen" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/8w-0x8YQ064?feature=player_embedded" webkitallowfullscreen="webkitallowfullscreen" width="320"></iframe></span></div><br /> <b>Resources</b>:<br /> <ul><li><a href="https://github.com/ytai/ioio/wiki" target="_new"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">IOIO wiki </span></a></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?pli=1#!forum/ioio-users" target="_new">IOIO discussion group</a> </span></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Many more videos of IOIO action, hosted by MIT, can be found <a href="http://ioio.media.mit.edu/node/7">here</a></span></li> </ul><br /> <div class="zemanta-pixie" style="height: 15px; margin-top: 10px;"><a class="zemanta-pixie-a" href="http://www.zemanta.com/" title="Enhanced by Zemanta"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><img alt="Enhanced by Zemanta" class="zemanta-pixie-img" src="http://img.zemanta.com/zemified_e.png?x-id=71126e6d-5232-4e09-b086-e8993e9a60fc" style="border: none; float: right;" /></span></a></div> <div style='clear: both;'></div> </div> <div class='post-footer'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'><span class='post-author vcard'> Posted by <span class='fn'>Fabiano Cruz <a href="http://www.twitter.com/__fabianocruz" rel="nofollow">@__fabianocruz</a></span> </span> <span class='post-timestamp'> at <a class='timestamp-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2012/03/android-accessories-with-sparkfuns-ioio.html' rel='bookmark' title='permanent link'><abbr class='published' title='2012-03-17T00:42:00-07:00'>12:42 AM</abbr></a> </span> <span class='post-comment-link'> <a class='comment-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2012/03/android-accessories-with-sparkfuns-ioio.html#comment-form' onclick=''>5 comments</a> </span> <span class='post-icons'> <span class='item-control blog-admin pid-1823612608'> <a href='https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=5000698241523222114&from=pencil' title='Edit Post'> <img alt='' class='icon-action' height='18' src='https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif' width='18'/> </a> </span> </span> <div class='post-share-buttons'> <a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-email' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=5000698241523222114&target=email' target='_blank' title='Email This'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Email This</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-blog' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=5000698241523222114&target=blog' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=270,width=475"); return false;' target='_blank' title='BlogThis!'><span class='share-button-link-text'>BlogThis!</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-twitter' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=5000698241523222114&target=twitter' target='_blank' title='Share to X'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to X</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-facebook' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=5000698241523222114&target=facebook' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=430,width=640"); return false;' target='_blank' title='Share to Facebook'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to Facebook</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-pinterest' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=5000698241523222114&target=pinterest' target='_blank' title='Share to Pinterest'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to Pinterest</span></a> </div> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'><span class='post-labels'> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class='date-header'><span>Tuesday, March 13, 2012</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class='post-outer'> <div class='post hentry'> <a name='6022135397565593707'></a> <h3 class='post-title entry-title'> <a href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2012/03/everyones-against-plastic-credit-cards.html'>Everyone's against Plastic Credit Cards: the uphill battle to make payment methods smarter</a> </h3> <div class='post-header'> <div class='post-header-line-1'></div> </div> <div class='post-body entry-content'> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /> </span><br /> <div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;">The first contender: the NFC, or <a class="zem_slink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_field_communication" rel="wikipedia" target="_blank" title="Near field communication">Near Field Communication</a>. It was the new buzzword in the mobile space, with the promise of turning your mobile phone into a wallet. Google, Nokia, <a class="zem_slink" href="http://www.google.com/finance?q=NASDAQ:RIMM" rel="googlefinance" target="_blank" title="NASDAQ: RIMM">RIM</a>, Vodafone, Orange, Visa, and MasterCard are some of the companies pushing for NFC support. </span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /> </span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;">But as expected, NFC is facing a lot of challenges to become a mainstay technology for brick and mortar payments. The infrastructure is not ready yet and the solutions require an entire new ecosystem and infrastructure investments such as merchants having <a class="zem_slink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_of_sale" rel="wikipedia" target="_blank" title="Point of sale">POS terminals</a> capable of communicating with consumers' NFC-enabled mobile devices (mobile, smart tags, <a class="zem_slink" href="http://www.google.com/finance?q=NYSE:V" rel="googlefinance" target="_blank" title="NYSE: V">Visa PayWave</a> / <a class="zem_slink" href="http://www.google.com/finance?q=NYSE:MA" rel="googlefinance" target="_blank" title="NYSE: MA">MasterCard PayPass</a> contactless smart cards, etc) to carry out purchase transactions.</span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /> </span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;">Another big drawback is the <a class="zem_slink" href="http://www.apple.com/iphone" rel="homepage" target="_blank" title="iPhone">iPhone's</a> lack of support for NFC and that will continue to hurt the adoption of NFC for mobile payments, particularly in the US.</span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /> </span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;">Moving on. The growing and increasingly crowded mobile payment ecosystem also has the cloud-based mobile payment solutions that require only downloadable applications for both consumers and retailers, and may make things much easier. Among them, <a class="zem_slink" href="http://paypal.com/" rel="homepage" target="_blank" title="PayPal">PayPal</a>’s in-store payment service, <a class="zem_slink" href="http://www.dwolla.com/" rel="homepage" target="_blank" title="Dwolla">Dwolla</a>, Square Card Case, to cite few. Together, they come with innovative business models, undercutting fees that merchants currently pay to accept the traditional networks' cards and offering a vast array of value added services. This way of payment has been gaining a lot of momentum lately, specially with PayPal's Home Depot Pilot. </span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /> </span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;">The list goes on and includes many other methods of payments available, such as QR code scanning, <a class="zem_slink" href="http://www.apple.com/ios" rel="homepage" target="_blank" title="IOS">iOS</a> and Android point-of-sale credit card dongles (Square, Intuit's <a class="zem_slink" href="http://mobilepayment.intuit.com/" rel="homepage" target="_blank" title="GoPayment">GoPayment</a> etc), SMS, carrier billing etc.</span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /> </span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;">So, NFC is neither the only one more option for enabling payments at the physical point-of-sale nor the most cost-effective solution out there. So, why card issuers are pushing for this? Well, all are working very hard to capture market share and the last thing they want in this case, is to see retailers moving to software-only Dwolla or PayPal that renders them obsolete. </span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /> </span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;">Who will get traction?</span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; min-height: 14.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br /> </span></div><div style="font: 12.0px Optima; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: small;">It may be that the killer app or disruptive technology is still to come. </span></div><div class="zemanta-pixie" style="height: 15px; margin-top: 10px;"><a class="zemanta-pixie-a" href="http://www.zemanta.com/" title="Enhanced by Zemanta"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><img alt="Enhanced by Zemanta" class="zemanta-pixie-img" src="http://img.zemanta.com/zemified_e.png?x-id=49ab1feb-9bac-46be-92e6-20decd00f061" style="border: none; float: right;" /></span></a></div> <div style='clear: both;'></div> </div> <div class='post-footer'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'><span class='post-author vcard'> Posted by <span class='fn'>Fabiano Cruz <a href="http://www.twitter.com/__fabianocruz" rel="nofollow">@__fabianocruz</a></span> </span> <span class='post-timestamp'> at <a class='timestamp-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2012/03/everyones-against-plastic-credit-cards.html' rel='bookmark' title='permanent link'><abbr class='published' title='2012-03-13T22:55:00-07:00'>10:55 PM</abbr></a> </span> <span class='post-comment-link'> <a class='comment-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2012/03/everyones-against-plastic-credit-cards.html#comment-form' onclick=''>1 comments</a> </span> <span class='post-icons'> <span class='item-control blog-admin pid-1823612608'> <a href='https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=6022135397565593707&from=pencil' title='Edit Post'> <img alt='' class='icon-action' height='18' src='https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif' width='18'/> </a> </span> </span> <div class='post-share-buttons'> <a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-email' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=6022135397565593707&target=email' target='_blank' title='Email This'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Email This</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-blog' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=6022135397565593707&target=blog' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=270,width=475"); return false;' target='_blank' title='BlogThis!'><span class='share-button-link-text'>BlogThis!</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-twitter' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=6022135397565593707&target=twitter' target='_blank' title='Share to X'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to X</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-facebook' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=6022135397565593707&target=facebook' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=430,width=640"); return false;' target='_blank' title='Share to Facebook'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to Facebook</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-pinterest' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=6022135397565593707&target=pinterest' target='_blank' title='Share to Pinterest'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to Pinterest</span></a> </div> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'><span class='post-labels'> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class='date-header'><span>Saturday, May 14, 2011</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class='post-outer'> <div class='post hentry'> <a name='915797069643702343'></a> <h3 class='post-title entry-title'> <a href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2011/05/lac-icteducation-policies-and-plans.html'>LAC ICT/Education Policies and Plans Mashup</a> </h3> <div class='post-header'> <div class='post-header-line-1'></div> </div> <div class='post-body entry-content'> While ICT alone cannot solve all pressing problems and complex dimensions of the education systems, there seem to be a general perception that it could play a key role in transforming the education sector. However, for this transformation to happen, national governments need to take a stronger leadership role to develop effective policies and plans to mainstream appropriate ICTs into the teaching/learning process.<br /> <br /> <iframe src="http://batchgeo.com/map/8936a5adac3066538a68cfc25c48fb43" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="550" style="border:1px solid #aaa;border-radius:10px;"></iframe></p><p><small>View <a href="http://batchgeo.com/map/8936a5adac3066538a68cfc25c48fb43">LAC ICT/Education Policies and Plans</a> in a full screen map</small><br /> <br /> This holistic approach in the introduction of technology and innovation as a key driver of 21st century education, moving away from technology-centric models ("Computers-First"), has been acknowledged from numerous studies, including <a href="http://www.iadb.org/en/news/webstories/2011-04-11/education-and-computers-in-latin-america,9334.html" target="_new">an upcoming publication from the IDB </a>(<a href="http://www.iadb.org/research/dia_detail.cfm?id=2011" target="_new">Development Connections: Unveiling the Impact of New Information Technologies</a>) that emphasizes the need of more investment in teacher training and adequate educational software. And as <a href="http://blogs.iadb.org/tics_en/2011/04/10/the-pilots-disorder-continues-to-provoke-controversy-about-the-use-of-ict-for-education/" target="_new">I pointed out on another post</a>, factors such as total cost of ownership, sustainability models, monitoring and evaluation etc, shouldn't equally be overlooked. Countries cannot expect that learning (or other desired education outcomes) will improve overnight with simply greater access to computers.<br /> <br /> So, I have put together <a href="https://spreadsheets.google.com/ccc?key=0AjFAkwSrq381dDdUYU1iT1pUd05GVlZLNFktWDlLWGc&hl=en&authkey=CIzns_kM" target="_new">a collection of national ICT in education policies and plans in the Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC)</a>, by mashing up the data compiled and publicly available in an open database with Google Maps through <a href="http://batchgeo.com/" target="_new">BatchGeo</a>. This work is based on the <a href="http://www.gesci.org/" target="_new">GeSCI</a> (Global e-schools and Communities Initiative) publication "<a href="http://www.gesci.org/assets/files/Knowledge%20Centre/country-policies(2).pdf" target="_new">ICTs in Education (ICT4E) Policies and Plans worldwide </a>" by Roxana Bassi. The result is an outlook of the current policies and plans on ICT in Education in the region that would help us better understand how LAC countries are trying to use ICTs to enhance the relevancy and quality of education.<br /> <br /> <strong>Datasource</strong>: download the full datasheet <a href="https://spreadsheets.google.com/ccc?key=0AjFAkwSrq381dDdUYU1iT1pUd05GVlZLNFktWDlLWGc&hl=en&authkey=CIzns_kM" target="_new">LAC ICT/Education Policies and Plans Outlook</a> - licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License</a>. See "LAC ICT4E Policies and Plans" worksheet.<br /> <br /> <strong>Interactive Map</strong>: view <a href="http://batchgeo.com/map/8936a5adac3066538a68cfc25c48fb43">LAC ICT/Education Policies and Plans</a> in a full screen map.<br /> <br /> This inventory is by no means exhaustive; it’s a working in progress and subject to change and/or revision based on information received through comments, hearings etc. If you have any recommendations, or you would like to add/update some information in future version, please post your comments and/or send me an email.<br /> <br /> As <a href="http://blogs.worldbank.org/edutech/finding-policies" target="_new">noted on this post</a>, it is important to mention that "ICT use in education" policies take many forms; some places have formal, official, "National ICT/education policies"; in other places, the operative policy is to be found as a the "ICT" component of an education policy, or conversely in the "education" component of a national ICT (or its equivalent, e.g. ICT4D, IT, e-society, etc.) policy or some related field (like workforce development).<br /> <br /> But we will dive deep into this data in the next posts, and I encourage you do the same!<br /> <br /> Cross-posted to <a href="http://blogs.iadb.org/tics_en/2011/04/25/a-mashup-on-icteducation-policies-and-plans-in-the-lac-countries/" target="_new">IDB's ICT for Development blog</a>.<br /> <br /> <br />  <div style='clear: both;'></div> </div> <div class='post-footer'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'><span class='post-author vcard'> Posted by <span class='fn'>Fabiano Cruz <a href="http://www.twitter.com/__fabianocruz" rel="nofollow">@__fabianocruz</a></span> </span> <span class='post-timestamp'> at <a class='timestamp-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2011/05/lac-icteducation-policies-and-plans.html' rel='bookmark' title='permanent link'><abbr class='published' title='2011-05-14T09:25:00-07:00'>9:25 AM</abbr></a> </span> <span class='post-comment-link'> <a class='comment-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2011/05/lac-icteducation-policies-and-plans.html#comment-form' onclick=''>0 comments</a> </span> <span class='post-icons'> <span class='item-control blog-admin pid-1823612608'> <a href='https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=915797069643702343&from=pencil' title='Edit Post'> <img alt='' class='icon-action' height='18' src='https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif' width='18'/> </a> </span> </span> <div class='post-share-buttons'> <a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-email' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=915797069643702343&target=email' target='_blank' title='Email This'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Email This</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-blog' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=915797069643702343&target=blog' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=270,width=475"); return false;' target='_blank' title='BlogThis!'><span class='share-button-link-text'>BlogThis!</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-twitter' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=915797069643702343&target=twitter' target='_blank' title='Share to X'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to X</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-facebook' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=915797069643702343&target=facebook' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=430,width=640"); return false;' target='_blank' title='Share to Facebook'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to Facebook</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-pinterest' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=915797069643702343&target=pinterest' target='_blank' title='Share to Pinterest'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to Pinterest</span></a> </div> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'><span class='post-labels'> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class='date-header'><span>Tuesday, November 9, 2010</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class='post-outer'> <div class='post hentry'> <a name='5566202209563083142'></a> <h3 class='post-title entry-title'> <a href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2010/11/what-lessons-learned-do-you-have-from.html'>What lessons learned do you have from your #mhealth experiences? #mhs10</a> </h3> <div class='post-header'> <div class='post-header-line-1'></div> </div> <div class='post-body entry-content'> <a href="http://mobileactive.org/welcome-patricia-mechael"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Patricia Mechael</span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">, PH.D., Earth Institute - Top 10 Lessons learned across the globe in the mobile technology space for health: introduce participatory #mHealth models set benchmarks, create outcomes-based research, collaboration.</span></span><br /> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqDWssj2cMcUy-wxd_6ADfrr8PVn_oE_T6Odm3SBP261c9ssvm8ZCWftOKaxl6qxtW2iPuulKe2Jdh6Xqvs2CSVRRkYoyR5RIqLeSx8e4ZJygVobv4eJfrFTjiB1mDFYgGzbeduvzb26M/s1600/190376891.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="148" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqDWssj2cMcUy-wxd_6ADfrr8PVn_oE_T6Odm3SBP261c9ssvm8ZCWftOKaxl6qxtW2iPuulKe2Jdh6Xqvs2CSVRRkYoyR5RIqLeSx8e4ZJygVobv4eJfrFTjiB1mDFYgGzbeduvzb26M/s200/190376891.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><ol><li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">"Capitalized on what others have done, what others have learned"</span></span></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">"Evaluate impact of mobile tech to support behavior change"</span></span></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">"Localize mobile solutions around content: need to use user-centric design models and involve end users all along the the prodcut development chain"</span></span></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">"Look @ health outcomes in terms of mobile health"</span></span></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">"Be realistic"</span></span></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">"Invest in local talent"</span></span></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">"Collaboration is more fun than competition - in the end we all benefit or suffer from how we collaborate"</span></span></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">"Recycle, repurpose - Don't reinvent the wheel""</span></span></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">"Public-private partnerships in ecosystem"</span></span></li> <li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">We must unpack the pathways to mobile mediated behavior change" #mhs10 </span></span></li> </ol><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">http://www.mhealthsummit.org/conference/program/super-session-panel-lessons-learned-across-globe-0</span></span><br /> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /> </span></span> <div style='clear: both;'></div> </div> <div class='post-footer'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'><span class='post-author vcard'> Posted by <span class='fn'>Fabiano Cruz <a href="http://www.twitter.com/__fabianocruz" rel="nofollow">@__fabianocruz</a></span> </span> <span class='post-timestamp'> at <a class='timestamp-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2010/11/what-lessons-learned-do-you-have-from.html' rel='bookmark' title='permanent link'><abbr class='published' title='2010-11-09T08:03:00-08:00'>8:03 AM</abbr></a> </span> <span class='post-comment-link'> <a class='comment-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2010/11/what-lessons-learned-do-you-have-from.html#comment-form' onclick=''>1 comments</a> </span> <span class='post-icons'> <span class='item-control blog-admin pid-1823612608'> <a href='https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=5566202209563083142&from=pencil' title='Edit Post'> <img alt='' class='icon-action' height='18' src='https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif' width='18'/> </a> </span> </span> <div class='post-share-buttons'> <a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-email' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=5566202209563083142&target=email' target='_blank' title='Email This'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Email This</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-blog' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=5566202209563083142&target=blog' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=270,width=475"); return false;' target='_blank' title='BlogThis!'><span class='share-button-link-text'>BlogThis!</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-twitter' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=5566202209563083142&target=twitter' target='_blank' title='Share to X'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to X</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-facebook' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=5566202209563083142&target=facebook' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=430,width=640"); return false;' target='_blank' title='Share to Facebook'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to Facebook</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-pinterest' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=5566202209563083142&target=pinterest' target='_blank' title='Share to Pinterest'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to Pinterest</span></a> </div> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'><span class='post-labels'> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class='date-header'><span>Tuesday, August 3, 2010</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class='post-outer'> <div class='post hentry'> <a name='3079941699449391156'></a> <h3 class='post-title entry-title'> <a href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2010/08/can-you-heal-me-now-potential-and.html'>Can you heal me now? Potential (and pitfalls) of mHealth</a> </h3> <div class='post-header'> <div class='post-header-line-1'></div> </div> <div class='post-body entry-content'> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Americas Quarterly</span></span><br /> <br /> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">BY David Aylward, Beatriz Leao, Walter Curioso, and Fabiano Cruz</span></span><br /> <br /> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Original Post: </span><a bitly="BITLY_PROCESSED" href="http://www.americasquarterly.org/node/1699"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">http://www.americasquarterly.org/node/1699</span></a></span><br /> <br /> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Mobile phone subscriptions have overtaken fixed lines as the preferred method of communication across Latin America and the Caribbean, with penetration rates of almost 90 percent. Some forecasts indicate that subscriptions in the region could grow by 8.2 percent in 2010. According to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), mobile subscriptions globally will surpass the 5 billion mark by the end of the year—an estimated two-thirds of which are expected to be in low- and middle-income countries.</span></span><br /> <br /> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">That puts the mobile industry in a position to play a pivotal role in tackling health care for the underserved. Yet health policy leaders have only just begun to address the opportunities of the wireless information revolution sweeping their countries.</span></span><br /> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">“Even the simplest low-end mobile phone can do so much to improve health care in the developing world,” said Dr. Hamadoun Tour茅, secretary-general of the ITU during the ITU Telecom World Conference in October, 2009. For example, he added, mobile subscribers could be sent reminder messages about medical appointments or prenatal checkups.</span></span><br /> <br /> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">That could make a major difference in a country like Peru with a maternal mortality rate estimated at 185 cases per 100,000 births.1 Worldwide, about 10 million women each year suffer serious complications such as infection or disease following childbirth.</span></span><br /> <br /> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Mobile digital technology can empower both patients and practitioners by providing them with the information they need to make informed decisions about critical health issues ranging from healthy living habits to health care provision and monitoring of diseases. For health care officials, the rapid expansion of wireless networks represents a particularly exciting opportunity to reach those who are currently isolated by distance and lack of communication by using mHealth programs. In this respect, health care is no different from other economic sectors that have gained enormous efficiencies and improved outcomes through the use of modern information and communications technologies (ICT). With their ability to reach much further into developing countries than any other technology, wireless networks today power the collection of health data, support diagnoses and treatment, and advance education and research in even the most remote and resource-poor environments—with the potential to do far more.</span></span><br /> <br /> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">MORE: </span><a bitly="BITLY_PROCESSED" href="http://www.americasquarterly.org/node/1699"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">http://www.americasquarterly.org/node/1699</span></a></span> <div style='clear: both;'></div> </div> <div class='post-footer'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'><span class='post-author vcard'> Posted by <span class='fn'>Fabiano Cruz <a href="http://www.twitter.com/__fabianocruz" rel="nofollow">@__fabianocruz</a></span> </span> <span class='post-timestamp'> at <a class='timestamp-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2010/08/can-you-heal-me-now-potential-and.html' rel='bookmark' title='permanent link'><abbr class='published' title='2010-08-03T06:38:00-07:00'>6:38 AM</abbr></a> </span> <span class='post-comment-link'> <a class='comment-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2010/08/can-you-heal-me-now-potential-and.html#comment-form' onclick=''>0 comments</a> </span> <span class='post-icons'> <span class='item-control blog-admin pid-1823612608'> <a href='https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=3079941699449391156&from=pencil' title='Edit Post'> <img alt='' class='icon-action' height='18' src='https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif' width='18'/> </a> </span> </span> <div class='post-share-buttons'> <a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-email' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=3079941699449391156&target=email' target='_blank' title='Email This'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Email This</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-blog' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=3079941699449391156&target=blog' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=270,width=475"); return false;' target='_blank' title='BlogThis!'><span class='share-button-link-text'>BlogThis!</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-twitter' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=3079941699449391156&target=twitter' target='_blank' title='Share to X'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to X</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-facebook' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=3079941699449391156&target=facebook' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=430,width=640"); return false;' target='_blank' title='Share to Facebook'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to Facebook</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-pinterest' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=3079941699449391156&target=pinterest' target='_blank' title='Share to Pinterest'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Share to Pinterest</span></a> </div> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-2'><span class='post-labels'> </span> </div> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-3'></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="date-outer"> <h2 class='date-header'><span>Thursday, July 15, 2010</span></h2> <div class="date-posts"> <div class='post-outer'> <div class='post hentry'> <a name='1343386569905670003'></a> <h3 class='post-title entry-title'> <a href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2010/07/happy-bday-2-u-sms-may-u-live-long-and.html'>Happy b'day 2 u SMS! May u live long and may u cont delivering on what matters most</a> </h3> <div class='post-header'> <div class='post-header-line-1'></div> </div> <div class='post-body entry-content'> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">The equation is fairly simple, the formula is proven and the outcome is predictable:<br /></span></span><span style="font-weight: bold;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Number of SMSs ÷ Mobile Subscribers > Number of Calls ÷ Subscribers</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /><br /></span></span><p class="zemanta-img" style="margin: 1em; float: right; display: block; width: 310px;"><a href="http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Texting.jpg"><img alt="Texting on a keyboard phone" height="200" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Texting.jpg/300px-Texting.jpg" style="border: medium none; display: block;" width="300" /></a><span class="zemanta-img-attribution"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Image via </span></span><a href="http://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Texting.jpg"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Wikipedia</span></span></a></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> Originally developed to send control messages to phones to update configuration settings, </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMS"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Short Message Service (SMS)</span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> became available when telecommunications providers installed GSM services in the mid-1990s. And, next week </span></span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">on July 23rd 2010, SMS will celebrate its 18th birthday! </span></span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /><br /></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">SMS is a text-only message delivery system on mobile phone networks. As a compliment to voice calls, text messages travel through the wireless service provider’s network, routed and delivered much like a voice call. The messaging server for SMS or text messaging routes all messages to the appropriate mobile phone or application based on the number in the destination address (source: CTIA).<br /><br />Nowadays, SMS has gone far beyond people-to-people (aka person-to-person or human-to-human) communication. From an interactions perspective, the communication path can fall into the following categories: person-to-person (P2P), person-to-machine (P2M), application-to-person (A2P) and machine-to-machine (M2M). I will talk more about that in another post.<br /><br />Reaching the incredible mark of 4.5 Trillion SMS text messages sent in 2009 and 3.6 Billion users (source: Tomi Ahonen, 2010), out of over 5 billion mobile phone connections worldwide mobile phone, is </span></span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">by far the most versatile, ubiquitous, prolific and successful DATA application in history</span></span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> (i.e., worldwide email user base is 1.4 Billion).<br /><br />North Americans got into SMS through voting on American Idol, with the Obama presidential campaign of 2008, more recently with the mGive's Red Cross text message fundraising campaign (Text HAITI to 90999) that raised over $37 million for Haiti, the Text4Baby project that provides timely and expert health information through SMS text messages to pregnant women and new moms, and the list goes on and on. Today, more than half of Americans are active users of SMS text messaging and being fast learners; the US average has reached 4 SMS text messages sent per day across the total mobile phone subscriber base. This means the USA has caught up with average European SMS text messaging usage levels.<br /><br /></span></span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">SMS for development:</span></span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /><br />There are a growing number of projects taking advantage of the widely available SMS technology to provide practical solutions to communities and to deliver social change. Here is a short list:<br /></span></span><ul><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span><li><b><a href="http://www.childcount.org/"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">ChildCount+</span></span></a></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">: an mHealth platform developed by the Millennium Villages Project aimed at empowering communities to improve child survival and maternal health. ChildCount+ uses SMS text messages to facilitate and coordinate the activities of community based health care providers, usually community health care workers (CHWs). </span></span></li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span><li><b><a href="http://www.texttochange.org/"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Text to Change</span></span></a></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">: interactive SMS quizzes based on Text to Change's existing SMS platform to get employees to answer questions about HIV/AIDS, and to encourage them to get tested for HIV/AIDS. The pilot ran for four weeks in November and December of 2009, and had an overall response rate of 43%.</span></span></li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span><li><b><a href="http://www.ushahidi.com/"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Ushahidi</span></span></a></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">: a platform for map and time-based visualizations of text reports that has been used most prominently in crisis mapping. The first instance of Ushahidi tracked the post-election violence in Kenya in 2007, closely followed by an instance covering outbreaks of xenophobic violence in South Africa in early 2008. Following the Haiti earthquake in early 2010.</span></span></li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span><li><b><a href="http://www.grameenfoundation.applab.org/section/uganda-ag-apps"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Farmer's Friend (Powered by Google SMS)</span></span></a></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">: offers farmers an affordable and targeted way to search for agricultural tips through a SMS-based database. Keywords in the query are matched against the database and the farmer receives a reply with a tip related to his or her query terms.</span></span></li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span><li><b><a href="http://www.jokkoinitiative.org/"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Jokko Initiative</span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">: </span></span><a href="http://mobileactive.org/how-tostan-using-mobiles-literacy-and-community-empowerment"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Mobile Technology Amplifying Social Change</span></span></a></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">: makes it possible to communicate with a network of people by sending a text message. This means that a nurse, literacy leader, representative of a women’s association, or the village imam can communicate with community members about events or other important activities in the village (for example, a vaccination campaign or a literacy group meeting).</span></span></li><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span><li><b><a href="http://happypill.me/"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Happy Pill</span></span></a></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">: uses "flashing" - where you call a number and hang up immediately to "ping" someone. HappyPills takes this basic, essentially binary interaction and applies it to help improve adherence rates for prescription regimens. A medical center can send out flashes to their patients, and the patients are reminded to take their pills and would then flash back to signal that they took their medicine.</span></span></li></ul><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Feel free to add to this list!</span></span><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /><br /></span></span><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:'trebuchet ms';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div></div> <div style="margin-top: 10px; height: 15px;" class="zemanta-pixie"><a class="zemanta-pixie-a" href="http://www.zemanta.com/" title="Enhanced by Zemanta"><img alt="Enhanced by Zemanta" class="zemanta-pixie-img" src="http://img.zemanta.com/zemified_e.png?x-id=c61be6ee-8d1a-4cfb-8a5f-f0bf16b9154b" style="border: medium none; float: right;" /></a><span class="zem-script more-related pretty-attribution"><script type="text/javascript" src="http://static.zemanta.com/readside/loader.js" defer="defer"></script></span></div></span></span> <div style='clear: both;'></div> </div> <div class='post-footer'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'><span class='post-author vcard'> Posted by <span class='fn'>Fabiano Cruz <a href="http://www.twitter.com/__fabianocruz" rel="nofollow">@__fabianocruz</a></span> </span> <span class='post-timestamp'> at <a class='timestamp-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2010/07/happy-bday-2-u-sms-may-u-live-long-and.html' rel='bookmark' title='permanent link'><abbr class='published' title='2010-07-15T14:30:00-07:00'>2:30 PM</abbr></a> </span> <span class='post-comment-link'> <a class='comment-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2010/07/happy-bday-2-u-sms-may-u-live-long-and.html#comment-form' onclick=''>0 comments</a> </span> <span class='post-icons'> <span class='item-control blog-admin pid-1823612608'> <a href='https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=1343386569905670003&from=pencil' title='Edit Post'> <img alt='' class='icon-action' height='18' src='https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif' width='18'/> </a> </span> </span> <div class='post-share-buttons'> <a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-email' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=1343386569905670003&target=email' target='_blank' title='Email This'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Email This</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-blog' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=1343386569905670003&target=blog' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=270,width=475"); 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Prof. Hans is noted for his groundbreaking work with compiling and transforming development data into moving bubble diagrams and flowing curves that make global trends clear. Indeed as he usually says in his talks: Power Pointer presentations look like stuffed animals when you compare them with live interactive graphs and maps.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;">I recently started playing with <a class="zem_slink" href="http://google.com/" title="Google" rel="homepage">Google</a> Motion chart to visualize ICT trends and dynamics over time. There are plenty people mastering this king of graph and creating very interesting visualizations and mash-ups. If you are not familiar with this work, I highly recommend that you have a look at the <a href="http://code.google.com/apis/charttools/" target="_blank">Google Charts Tools</a>, in particular the motion chart. It's a dynamic chart to explore several indicators over time. The chart is rendered within the browser using <a href="http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/">Flash</a>.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;">So, here is the final product.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;">Overall, the following interactive graph shows LAC countries' performance lagging behind <a class="zem_slink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development" rel="wikipedia">OECD</a> countries regarding Personal Computers (<a class="zem_slink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer" rel="wikipedia">PCs</a>) per 100 inhabitants, while Mobile Telephone Subscriptions really took off in the region and grew from 9.9 to 81.6 from 2000 to 2008, respectively.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><b>Notes</b>: Mexico is included in LAC and not in OECD. Countries are coded as OECD regardless of when they became OECD members (i.e., the Slovak Republic joined the OECD in December 2000, but the country is coded as OECD from 1990-2008).</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><b>Sources</b>: Prepared by the <a href="http://www.iadb.org/tech" target="_blank">IDB's Science and Technology Division</a> based on the data from <a href="http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/" target="_blank">ITU Statistics online database</a> and World Telecommunication / ICT Indicators Database 2009.</span><br /><br /><div id="chart_div"></div><br /><br /><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"> Reference: <a href="http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=35167785" target="_new">The Imperative of Innovation: Creating Prosperity in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)</a> </span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;">You can find some more visualizations such as this one, using <a href="http://data.worldbank.org/" target="_blank">World Bank's Open Data</a> and on the <a href="http://www.gapminder.org/" target="_blank">Gapminder</a> website.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;">Now, if you are wondering how to extract the data from a <a class="zem_slink" href="http://www.microsoft.com/mac/products/excel2008/default.mspx" title="Microsoft Excel" rel="homepage">Microsoft Excel</a> (tm) spreadsheet and translate it into a <a href="http://code.google.com/apis/visualization/documentation/gallery/motionchart.html">Motion Chart</a>, here's a tip: you can use an excellent Python package called <a href="http://www.lexicon.net/sjmachin/xlrd.htm" target="_blank">xlrd</a>, which works on any platform (including Mac!) and allows you to programmatically make these transformations (too boring and time-consuming to do it by hand). Note that this is a library target to software developer and it is not an end-user tool. I will discuss this in more detail in a future post. The <a class="zem_slink" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code" rel="wikipedia">source code</a> looks like this - note that the code snippet is not complete.</span><br /><br /><pre name="code" class="python"><br />import xlrd # Import the package<br /> <br />book = xlrd.open_workbook("yourfile.xls") # Open an .xls file<br /><br />sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0) # Get the first sheet<br /><br />regs = sheet.nrows<br /><br />while rowNumber <= MAX_NUM_YEARS: <br /><br /> currentYear = str(sheet.cell_value(rowx=rowNumber, colx=2)) <br /> <br /> for counter in range(regs): <br /> country = sheet.cell_value(rowx=counter, colx=0) <br /> year = str(sheet.cell_value(rowx=counter, colx=2)) <br /> pcs = str(sheet.cell_value(rowx=counter, colx=5)) <br /> mobiles = str(sheet.cell_value(rowx=counter, colx=6)) <br /> region = sheet.cell_value(rowx=counter, colx=1) <br /><br /> if (year == currentYear): <br /> print "['",country.rstrip(),"'", <br /> print ",new Date (",year, <br /> print ",0,1)", <br /> print ",",pcs, <br /> print ",",mobiles, <br /> print ",'",region.rstrip(),"']," <br /><br /> elif (year == "NEXT"): <br /> rowNumber += 1 <br /> break <br /></pre><br /><br /><span style="font-family:trebuchet ms;"><b>Acknowledgement and thanks: </b><br />Alison Cathles (Research Fellow at the IDB's Science and Technology Division)<br /><br /><br /><br /></span> <div style="margin-top: 10px; height: 15px;" class="zemanta-pixie"><a class="zemanta-pixie-a" href="http://www.zemanta.com/" title="Enhanced by Zemanta"><img alt="Enhanced by Zemanta" class="zemanta-pixie-img" src="http://img.zemanta.com/zemified_e.png?x-id=20ef1143-eb69-4b31-9814-136fe314c285" style="border: medium none; float: right;" /></a><span class="zem-script more-related pretty-attribution"><script type="text/javascript" src="http://static.zemanta.com/readside/loader.js" defer="defer"></script></span></div> <div style='clear: both;'></div> </div> <div class='post-footer'> <div class='post-footer-line post-footer-line-1'><span class='post-author vcard'> Posted by <span class='fn'>Fabiano Cruz <a href="http://www.twitter.com/__fabianocruz" rel="nofollow">@__fabianocruz</a></span> </span> <span class='post-timestamp'> at <a class='timestamp-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2010/06/lac-and-oecds-pcs-and-mobile.html' rel='bookmark' title='permanent link'><abbr class='published' title='2010-06-10T21:53:00-07:00'>9:53 PM</abbr></a> </span> <span class='post-comment-link'> <a class='comment-link' href='http://innovationsandstuff.blogspot.com/2010/06/lac-and-oecds-pcs-and-mobile.html#comment-form' onclick=''>0 comments</a> </span> <span class='post-icons'> <span class='item-control blog-admin pid-1823612608'> <a href='https://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=6499307021272937476&from=pencil' title='Edit Post'> <img alt='' class='icon-action' height='18' src='https://resources.blogblog.com/img/icon18_edit_allbkg.gif' width='18'/> </a> </span> </span> <div class='post-share-buttons'> <a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-email' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=6499307021272937476&target=email' target='_blank' title='Email This'><span class='share-button-link-text'>Email This</span></a><a class='goog-inline-block share-button sb-blog' href='https://www.blogger.com/share-post.g?blogID=7078520658429806783&postID=6499307021272937476&target=blog' onclick='window.open(this.href, "_blank", "height=270,width=475"); 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For the last three years, I have been working at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), providing technology vision, leadership and strategic directions in the design and implementation of various technology-enabled development projects. Currently I am a Sr. Technology Advisor at the Social Protection and Health (SCL/SPH) division of the IDB. In the past, I worked on a couple of fun and challenging projects at companies such as IBM, SIEMENS Mobile R&D, BenQ R&D, Nokia Institute of Technology (INdT), and others. 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