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Zadunaisky Ehrlich</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Sara Zadunaisky Ehrlich"> <meta name="keywords" content="Sara Zadunaisky Ehrlich"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Sara Zadunaisky Ehrlich"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 380</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Sara Zadunaisky Ehrlich</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">380</span> Written Argumentative Texts in Elementary School: The Development of Text Structure and Its Relation to Reading Comprehension</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Zadunaisky%20Ehrlich">Sara Zadunaisky Ehrlich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Batia%20Seroussi"> Batia Seroussi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anat%20Stavans"> Anat Stavans</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Text structure is a parameter of text quality. This study investigated the structure of written argumentative texts produced by elementary school age children. We set two objectives: to identify and trace the structural components of the argumentative texts and to investigate whether reading comprehension skills were correlated with text structure. 293 school children from 2nd to 5th grades were asked to write two argumentative texts about informal or everyday life controversial topics and completed two reading tasks that targeted different levels of text comprehension. The findings indicated, on the one hand, significant developmental differences between mature and more novice writers in terms of text length and mean proportion of clauses produced for a better elaboration of the different text components. On the other hand, with certain fluctuations, no meaningful differences were found in terms of presence of text structure: at all grade levels, elementary school children produced the basic and minimal structure that included the writer's argument and reasons or arguments' supports. Counter-arguments were scarce even in the upper grades. While the children captured that essentially an argument must be justified, the more the number of supports produced, the fewer the clauses the children produced. Last, weak to mild relations were found between reading comprehension and argumentative text structure. Nevertheless, children who scored higher on sophisticated questions that require inferential or world knowledge displayed more elaborated structures in terms of text length and size of supports to the writer's argument. These findings indicate how school-age children perceive the basic template of an argument with future implications regarding how to elaborate written arguments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=argumentative%20text" title="argumentative text">argumentative text</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=text%20structure" title=" text structure"> text structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elementary%20school%20children" title=" elementary school children"> elementary school children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=written%20argumentations" title=" written argumentations"> written argumentations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102517/written-argumentative-texts-in-elementary-school-the-development-of-text-structure-and-its-relation-to-reading-comprehension" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">379</span> Vitex agnus-castus Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidants Characters and Anti-Tumor Effect in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abeer%20Y.%20Ibrahim">Abeer Y. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faten%20M.%20Ibrahim"> Faten M. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samah%20A.%20El-Newary"> Samah A. El-Newary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saber%20F.%20Hendawy"> Saber F. Hendawy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Appreciation of in-vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characters of Vitex agnus-castus berries alcoholic extract and fractions, as well as in-vivo antitumor ability of alcoholic extract and chloroform fraction against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma is the aim of this study. Material and methods: Antioxidant properties of crude alcoholic extract of vitex berries as well as petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were evaluated, in-vitro assessments, as compared with standard materials, l-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and butylated hydroxyl toluene(BHT). The anti-inflammatory activity was investigated in cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 inhibition assays. Moreover, in-vivo antitumor effect of vitex berries alcoholic and chloroform extracts were evaluated using Ehrlich ascites carcinoma model. Data were presented as mean±SE, and data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance test. Results and conclusion: Berries crude extract showed potent antioxidant activity followed with its fractions ethyl acetate and chloroform as compared with standard (V.C and BHT). Ethyl acetate fraction showed good reduction capability, metal ion chelation, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging and superoxide anion scavenging. Meanwhile, chloroform fraction produced the highest free radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity. In respectable of lipid peroxidation inhibition, crude alcoholic extract and its fractions cleared weak inhibition in comparing with standard materials. Anti-inflammatory activity of V. agnus-castus berries chloroform fraction of vitex was best COX-2 inhibitor (IC₅₀, 135.41 µg/ ml) as compared to vitex alcoholic extract or ethyl acetate fraction with weak inhibitory effect on COX-1 (IC50, 778.432 µg/ ml), where the lowest effect on COX-1 was recorded with alcoholic extract. Alcoholic extract and its fractions showed weak COX-1 inhibition activity, whereas COX-2 was inhibited (100%), compared with celecoxib drug (72% at 1000ppm). The crude alcoholic and chloroform extracts of V. agnus-castus barries significantly reduced the viable Ehrlich cell count and increased nonviable count with amelioration of all hematological parameters. This amelioration was reflected on increasing median survival time and significant increase (P < 0.05) in lifespan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-inflammatory" title="anti-inflammatory">anti-inflammatory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidants" title=" antioxidants"> antioxidants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ehrlich%20ascites%20carcinoma" title=" ehrlich ascites carcinoma"> ehrlich ascites carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitex%20agnus-castus" title=" Vitex agnus-castus"> Vitex agnus-castus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92974/vitex-agnus-castus-anti-inflammatory-antioxidants-characters-and-anti-tumor-effect-in-ehrlich-ascites-carcinoma-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">378</span> Anticancer Activity of Milk Fat Rich in Conjugated Linoleic Acid Against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells in Female Swiss Albino Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diea%20Gamal%20%20Abo%20El-Hassan">Diea Gamal Abo El-Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salwa%20Ahmed%20Aly"> Salwa Ahmed Aly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelrahman%20Mahmoud%20Abdelgwad"> Abdelrahman Mahmoud Abdelgwad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The major conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers have anticancer effect, especially breast cancer cells, inhibits cell growth and induces cell death. Also, CLA has several health benefits in vivo, including antiatherogenesis, antiobesity, and modulation of immune function. The present study aimed to assess the safety and anticancer effects of milk fat CLA against in vivo Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in female Swiss albino mice. This was based on acute toxicity study, detection of the tumor growth, life span of EAC bearing hosts, and simultaneous alterations in the hematological, biochemical, and histopathological profiles. Materials and Methods: One hundred and fifty adult female mice were equally divided into five groups. Groups (1-2) were normal controls, and Groups (3-5) were tumor transplanted mice (TTM) inoculated intraperitoneally with EAC cells (2×106 /0.2 mL). Group (3) was (TTM positive control). Group (4) TTM fed orally on balanced diet supplemented with milk fat CLA (40 mg CLA/kg body weight). Group (5) TTM fed orally on balanced diet supplemented with the same level of CLA 28 days before tumor cells inoculation. Blood samples and specimens from liver and kidney were collected from each group. The effect of milk fat CLA on the growth of tumor, life span of TTM, and simultaneous alterations in the hematological, biochemical, and histopathological profiles were examined. Results: For CLA treated TTM, significant decrease in tumor weight, ascetic volume, viable Ehrlich cells accompanied with increase in life span were observed. Hematological and biochemical profiles reverted to more or less normal levels and histopathology showed minimal effects. Conclusion: The present study proved the safety and anticancer efficiency of milk fat CLA and provides a scientific basis for its medicinal use as anticancer attributable to the additive or synergistic effects of its isomers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticancer%20activity" title="anticancer activity">anticancer activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conjugated%20linoleic%20acid" title=" conjugated linoleic acid"> conjugated linoleic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehrlich%20ascites%20carcinoma" title=" Ehrlich ascites carcinoma"> Ehrlich ascites carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%25%20increase%20in%20life%20span" title=" % increase in life span"> % increase in life span</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mean%20survival%20time" title=" mean survival time"> mean survival time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor%20transplanted%20mice." title=" tumor transplanted mice."> tumor transplanted mice.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152757/anticancer-activity-of-milk-fat-rich-in-conjugated-linoleic-acid-against-ehrlich-ascites-carcinoma-cells-in-female-swiss-albino-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">377</span> Ameliorating Effects of Rosemary and Costus on Blood-Associated Toxicity in Ehrlich-Bearing Mice Treated with Cisplatin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yousry%20El-Sayed%20Elbolkiny">Yousry El-Sayed Elbolkiny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Labib%20%20Salem"> Mohamed Labib Salem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Rosemary (ROLE) and costus (SLRE) have been established to show antioxidant effects. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the ameliorating effects of ROLE and SLRE on the side effects induced by cisplatin (CIS) in tumor-bearing mice. Materials and Methods: Extracts of ROLE and SLRE were examined for their phytochemical activities. To evaluate their anti-tumor effects, mice were inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 2.5x105 Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and then treated i.p. with CIS at days 3-7 and with ROLE (dose) or SLRE (dose) at days 3-14. Mice were sacrificed on day 14 for CBC and T-cell analyses. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed that both ROLE and SLRE showed similar antioxidant activities. Treatment of EAC-bearing mice with CIS-induced antitumor efficacy of about 90%. Treatment with CIS in combination with ROLE or SLRE did not further enhance the antitumor activity of CIS. However, co-administration of ROLE or SLRE with CIS significantly increased the antitumor efficacy of CIS. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were decreased in EAC-bearing mice after treatment with CIS. Treatment with both ROLE and SLRE improved the number of these cells. Conclusion: Combinatorial treatment with rosemary and costus can enhance the antitumor activity of CIS <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CBC" title="CBC">CBC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cisplantin" title=" cisplantin"> cisplantin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=costus" title=" costus"> costus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rosemary" title=" rosemary"> rosemary</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185377/ameliorating-effects-of-rosemary-and-costus-on-blood-associated-toxicity-in-ehrlich-bearing-mice-treated-with-cisplatin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">48</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">376</span> High-Resolution Spatiotemporal Retrievals of Aerosol Optical Depth from Geostationary Satellite Using Sara Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Bilal">Muhammad Bilal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhongfeng%20Qiu"> Zhongfeng Qiu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aerosols, suspended particles in the atmosphere, play an important role in the earth energy budget, climate change, degradation of atmospheric visibility, urban air quality, and human health. To fully understand aerosol effects, retrieval of aerosol optical properties such as aerosol optical depth (AOD) at high spatiotemporal resolution is required. Therefore, in the present study, hourly AOD observations at 500 m resolution were retrieved from the geostationary ocean color imager (GOCI) using the simplified aerosol retrieval algorithm (SARA) over the urban area of Beijing for the year 2016. The SARA requires top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance, solar and sensor geometry information and surface reflectance observations to retrieve an accurate AOD. For validation of the GOCI retrieved AOD, AOD measurements were obtained from the aerosol robotic network (AERONET) version 3 level 2.0 (cloud-screened and quality assured) data. The errors and uncertainties were reported using the root mean square error (RMSE), relative percent mean error (RPME), and the expected error (EE = ± (0.05 + 0.15AOD). Results showed that the high spatiotemporal GOCI AOD observations were well correlated with the AERONET AOD measurements with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.92, RMSE of 0.07, and RPME of 5%, and 90% of the observations were within the EE. The results suggested that the SARA is robust and has the ability to retrieve high-resolution spatiotemporal AOD observations over the urban area using the geostationary satellite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AEORNET" title="AEORNET">AEORNET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AOD" title=" AOD"> AOD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SARA" title=" SARA"> SARA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GOCI" title=" GOCI"> GOCI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beijing" title=" Beijing"> Beijing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101729/high-resolution-spatiotemporal-retrievals-of-aerosol-optical-depth-from-geostationary-satellite-using-sara-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101729.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">375</span> Sider Bee Honey: Antitumor Effect in Some Experimental Tumor Cell Lines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliaa%20M.%20Issa">Aliaa M. Issa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20N.%20ElRouby"> Mahmoud N. ElRouby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20A.%20S.%20Ahmad"> Sahar A. S. Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20M.%20El-Merzabani"> Mahmoud M. El-Merzabani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sider honey is a type of honey produced by bees feeding on the nectar of Sider tree, Ziziphus spina-christi (L) Desf . Honey is an effective agent for preventing, inhibiting and treating the growth of human and animal cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of different dilutions from crude Sider honey and different duration times of exposure on the growth of six tumor cell lines (human cervical cancer cell line, HeLa; human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HepG-2; human larynx carcinoma cell line, Hep-2; brain tumor cell line, U251) as well as one animal cancerous cell line (Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells line, EAC) and one normal cell line, Homo sapiens, human, (WISH) CCL-25. Different concentrations and treatment durations with Sider honey were tested on the growth of several cancer cell lines types. Histopathological changes in the tumor masses, animal survival, apoptosis and necrosis of the used cancer cell lines (using flow cytometry) were evaluated. Sider honey was administers either to the tumor mass itself by intratumoral injection or via drinking water. One-way ANOVA test was used for the analysis of (the means + standard error) of the optical density obtained from the Elisa reader and flow cytometry. The study revealed that different concentrations of Sider honey affected the growth patterns of all the studied cancer cell lines as well as their histopathological changes, and it depended on the cell line nature and the concentration of honey used. It is obvious that the relative animal survival percentage (bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, EAC cells) was proportionally increased with the increase in the used honey concentrations. The study of apoptosis and necrosis using the flow cytometry technique emphasized the viability results. In conclusion, Sider honey was effective as antitumor agent, in the used concentrations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antitumor" title="antitumor">antitumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honey" title=" honey"> honey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sider" title=" sider"> sider</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor%20cell%20lines" title=" tumor cell lines"> tumor cell lines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41053/sider-bee-honey-antitumor-effect-in-some-experimental-tumor-cell-lines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">537</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">374</span> In vivo Alterations in Ruminal Parameters by Megasphaera Elsdenii Inoculation on Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Alatas">M. S. Alatas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20D.%20Umucalilar"> H. D. Umucalilar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> SARA is a common and serious metabolic disorder in early lactation in dairy cattle and in finishing beef cattle, caused by diets with high inclusion of cereal grain. This experiment was performed to determine the efficacy of Megasphaera elsdenii, a major lactate-utilizing bacterium in prevention/treatment of SARA in vivo. In vivo experimentation, it was used eight ruminally cannulated rams and it was applied the rapid adaptation with the mixture of grain based on wheat (%80 wheat, %20 barley) and barley (%80 barley, %20 wheat). During the systematic adaptation, it was followed the probability of SARA formation by being measured the rumen pH with two hours intervals after and before feeding. After being evaluated the data, it was determined the ruminal pH ranged from 5,2-5,6 on the condition of feeding with 60 percentage of grain mixture based on barley and wheat, that assured the definite form of subacute acidosis. In four days SARA period, M. elsdenii (1010 cfu ml-1) was inoculated during the first two days. During the SARA period, it was observed the decrease of feed intake with M. elsdenii inoculation. Inoculation of M. elsdenii was caused to differentiation of rumen pH (P < 0,0001), while it was found the pH level approximately 5,55 in animals applied the inoculation, it was 5,63 pH in other animals. It was observed that total VFA with the bacterium inoculation tended to change in terms of grain feed (P < 0,07). It increased with the effect of total VFA inoculation in barley based diet, but it was more stabilized in wheat based diet. Bacterium inoculation increased the ratio of propionic acid (18,33%-21,38%) but it caused to decrease the butyric acid, and acetic/propionic acid. During the rapid adaptation, the concentration of lactic acid in the rumen liquid increased depending upon grain level (P<0,0001). On the other hand bacterium inoculation did not have an effect on concentration of lactic acid. M. elsdenii inoculation did not affect ruminal ammonia concentration. In the group that did not apply inoculation, the level of ruminal ammonia concentration was higher than the others applied inoculation. M. elsdenii inoculation did not changed protozoa count in barley-based diet whereas it decreased in wheat-based diet. In the period of SARA, it was observed that the level of blood glucose, lactate and hematocrit increased greatly after inoculation (P < 0,0001). When it is generally evaluated, it is seen that M. elsdenii inoculation has not a positive impact on rumen parameters. Therefore, to reveal the full impact of the inoculation with different strains, feedstuffs and animal groups, further research is required. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In%20vivo" title="In vivo">In vivo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subactute%20ruminal%20acidosis" title=" Subactute ruminal acidosis"> Subactute ruminal acidosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megasphaera%20elsdenii" title=" Megasphaera elsdenii"> Megasphaera elsdenii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rumen%20fermentation" title=" Rumen fermentation"> Rumen fermentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26011/in-vivo-alterations-in-ruminal-parameters-by-megasphaera-elsdenii-inoculation-on-subacute-ruminal-acidosis-sara" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">645</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">373</span> A Comparative Study: Comparison of Two Different Fluorescent Stains -Auramine and Rhodamine- with Ehrlich-Ziehl-Neelsen, Kinyoun Staining, and Culture in the Determination of Acid Resistant Bacilli</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Recep%20Ke%C5%9Fli">Recep Keşli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayriye%20Tokay"> Hayriye Tokay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cengiz%20Demir"> Cengiz Demir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C4%B0smail%20Ceyhan"> İsmail Ceyhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: In many countries, tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the most important diseases. Tuberculosis is among top 10 causes of death worldwide. The early diagnosis of active tuberculosis still depends on the presence of acid resistant bacilli (ARB) in stained smears. In this study, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic performances of Erlich Ziehl Neelsen (EZN), Kinyoun and two different fluorescent stains. Methods: The specimens were obtained from the patients who applied to Chest Diseases Departments of Ankara Atatürk Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, and Afyon Kocatepe University, ANS Research and Practice Hospital. The study was carried out in the Medical Microbiology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University. All the non-sterile specimens were homogenized and decontaminated according to the EUCAST instructions. Samples were inoculated onto the Löwenstein-Jensen agars (bio-Merieux Marcy l'Etoile, France) and then incubated at 37˚C, for 40 days. Four smears were prepared from each specimen. Slides were stained with commercial EZN (BD, Sparks, USA), Kinyoun (SALUBRIS Istanbul, Turkey), Auramine (SALUBRIS Istanbul, Turkey) and Rhodamine (SALUBRIS Istanbul, Turkey) kit. While EZN and Kinyoun stainings were examined by light microscope, Auramine and Rhodamine slides were examined by fluorescence microscopy. Results: A total of 158 respiratory system samples (sputum, broncho alveolar lavage fluid…etc) were enrolled into the study. A hundred and two of the samples that processed were found as culture positive. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, and negative predictive values were detected as 100%, 67.5%, 73.5%, and 100% for EZN, 100%, 70.9%, 77.4%, and 100% for Kinyoun, 100%,77.8%, 84.3%, 100% for Auramine, and 100%, 80% , 86.3%, and 100% for Rhodamine respectively. Conclusions: According to our study auramine and rhodamine staining methods showed the best diagnostic performance among the four investigated staining methods. In conclusion, the fluorochrome staining method may be accepted as the most reliable, rapid and useful method for diagnosis of the mycobacterial infections truly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acid%20resistant%20bacilli%20%28ARB%29" title="acid resistant bacilli (ARB)">acid resistant bacilli (ARB)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auramine" title=" auramine"> auramine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehrlich-Ziehl-Neelsen%20%28EZN%29" title=" Ehrlich-Ziehl-Neelsen (EZN)"> Ehrlich-Ziehl-Neelsen (EZN)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kinyoun" title=" Kinyoun"> Kinyoun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rhodamine" title=" Rhodamine"> Rhodamine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71755/a-comparative-study-comparison-of-two-different-fluorescent-stains-auramine-and-rhodamine-with-ehrlich-ziehl-neelsen-kinyoun-staining-and-culture-in-the-determination-of-acid-resistant-bacilli" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71755.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">372</span> In vitro and in vivo Anticancer Activity of Nanosize Zinc Oxide Composites of Doxorubicin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emma%20R.%20Arakelova">Emma R. Arakelova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stepan%20G.%20Grigoryan"> Stepan G. Grigoryan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Flora%20G.%20Arsenyan"> Flora G. Arsenyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nelli%20S.%20Babayan"> Nelli S. Babayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruzanna%20M.%20Grigoryan"> Ruzanna M. Grigoryan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20K.%20Sarkisyan"> Natalia K. Sarkisyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Novel nanosize zinc oxide composites of doxorubicin obtained by deposition of 180 nm thick zinc oxide film on the drug surface using DC-magnetron sputtering of a zinc target in the form of gels (PEO+Dox+ZnO and Starch+NaCMC+Dox+ZnO) were studied for drug delivery applications. The cancer specificity was revealed both in in vitro and in vivo models. The cytotoxicity of the test compounds was analyzed against human cancer (HeLa) and normal (MRC5) cell lines using MTT colorimetric cell viability assay. IC50 values were determined and compared to reveal the cancer specificity of the test samples. The mechanistic study of the most active compound was investigated using Flow cytometry analyzing of the DNA content after PI (propidium iodide) staining. Data were analyzed with Tree Star FlowJo software using cell cycle analysis Dean-Jett-Fox module. The in vivo anticancer activity estimation experiments were carried out on mice with inoculated ascitic Ehrlich’s carcinoma at intraperitoneal introduction of doxorubicin and its zinc oxide compositions. It was shown that the nanosize zinc oxide film deposition on the drug surface leads to the selective anticancer activity of composites at the cellular level with the range of selectivity index (SI) from 4 (Starch+NaCMC+Dox+ZnO) to 200 (PEO(gel)+Dox+ZnO) which is higher than that of free Dox (SI = 56). The significant increase in vivo antitumor activity (by a factor of 2-2.5) and decrease of general toxicity of zinc oxide compositions of doxorubicin in the form of the above mentioned gels compared to free doxorubicin were shown on the model of inoculated Ehrlich's ascitic carcinoma. Mechanistic studies of anticancer activity revealed the cytostatic effect based on the high level of DNA biosynthesis inhibition at considerable low concentrations of zinc oxide compositions of doxorubicin. The results of studies in vitro and in vivo behavior of PEO+Dox+ZnO and Starch+NaCMC+Dox+ZnO composites confirm the high potential of the nanosize zinc oxide composites as a vector delivery system for future application in cancer chemotherapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticancer%20activity" title="anticancer activity">anticancer activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20specificity" title=" cancer specificity"> cancer specificity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doxorubicin" title=" doxorubicin"> doxorubicin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20oxide" title=" zinc oxide"> zinc oxide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1359/in-vitro-and-in-vivo-anticancer-activity-of-nanosize-zinc-oxide-composites-of-doxorubicin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">371</span> Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity of Tinospora cordifolia against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma: In Vitro, in vivo and in silico Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anik%20Barua">Anik Barua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabiul%20Hossain"> Rabiul Hossain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Labonno%20Barua"> Labonno Barua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rashadul%20Hossain"> Rashadul Hossain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Absar"> Nurul Absar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Globally, the burden of cancer is increasing consistently. Modern cancer therapies include lots of toxicity in the non-targeted organs reducing the life expectancy of the patients. Hence, scientists are trying to seek noble compounds from natural sources to treat cancer. Objectives: The objectives of the present study are to evaluate the phytochemicals, in vitro antioxidants, and in vivo and in silico anticancer study of various solvent fractions of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.). Methodology: In this experiment, standard quantitative and qualitative assay methods were used to analyze the phytochemicals. The antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH and ABTS scavenging methods. The in vivo antitumor activity is evaluated against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell bearing in Swiss albino mice. In-silico ADME/T and molecular docking study were performed to assess the potential of stated phytochemicals against Transcription Factor STAT3b/DNA Complex of adenocarcinoma. Findings: Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, and carbohydrates. A significant amount of phenolic (20.19±0.3 mg/g GAE) and flavonoids (9.46±0.18 mg/g GAE) were found in methanolic extract in quantitative screening. Tinospora cordifolia methanolic extract showed promising DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity with the IC50 value of 1222.99 µg/mL and 1534.34 µg/mL, respectively, which was concentration dependent. In vivo anticancer activity in EAC cell-bearing mice showed significant (P < 0.05) percent inhibition of cell growth (60.12±1.22) was found at the highest dose compared with standard drug 5-Fluorouracil (81.18±1.28). Forty-two phytochemicals exhibit notable pharmacokinetics properties and passed drug-likeness screening tests in silico. In molecular docking study, (25S)-3Beta-acetoxy-5-alpha-22-beta-spirost-9(11)-en-12-beta-ol showed docking score (-8.5 kJ/mol) with significant non-bonding interactions with target enzyme. Conclusions: The results were found to be significant and confirmed that the methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia has remarkable antitumor activity with antioxidant potential. The Tinospora cordifolia methanolic extract may be considered a potent anticancer agent for advanced research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticancer" title="anticancer">anticancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tinospora%20cordifolia" title=" Tinospora cordifolia"> Tinospora cordifolia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EAC%20cell" title=" EAC cell"> EAC cell</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157005/evaluation-of-antioxidant-and-anticancer-activity-of-tinospora-cordifolia-against-ehrlich-ascites-carcinoma-in-vitro-in-vivo-and-in-silico-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157005.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">370</span> Solvent-Aided Dilution Approach for Heavy Hydrocarbon Liquid Evaluation in the Eastern Dahomey Basin, Southwestern Nigeria: Case Study of Agbabu Bitumen in Ondo State.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adetokunbo%20Ademola%20Falade">Adetokunbo Ademola Falade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oluwatoyin%20Olakunle%20Akinsete"> Oluwatoyin Olakunle Akinsete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussein%20Omeiza%20Aliu"> Hussein Omeiza Aliu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solvent-aided dilution processes are often employed to recover bitumen by reducing its viscosity. In this study, methanol, toluene, and xylene were investigated as potential hydrocarbon solvents for solvent-aided hydrocarbon recovery of Agbabu bitumen. Solubility, Viscosity, and Saturate, Aromatic, Resin and Asphaltene (SARA) Analysis tests were carried out to determine the solubility of the bitumen in the solvents, the viscosity, and the SARA fraction of the natural bitumen and bitumen-solvent mixtures. Agbabu bitumen was found to have a high content of saturates and aromatics. Viscosity decreases as pressure increases, while solubility reduces as temperature increases. The experimental diffusivity of the sample decreases with temperature and increases with pressure, indicating that the presence of additional solvent molecules in the oil phase facilitates diffusion. Agbabu bitumen was found to be most soluble in toluene, and its viscosity was reduced most in it. Xylene exhibited a similar effect as toluene on the sample, though lesser but better than methanol. Methanol reduced the saturated content and significantly raised the asphaltene content, keeping the mixture viscosity high, a condition that, in turn, favors its colloidal stability. The colloidal instability index (CII) values, which account for the asphaltene stability of the mixture, show that the bitumen-methanol system with a CII of 0.874 will have mild asphaltene deposit issues while others are unstable. This approach of combining multiple tests with the CII can accurately predict the behavior of Agbabu bitumen in solvents and enhance the decision on the choice of bitumen recovery technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphaltene" title="asphaltene">asphaltene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bitumen" title=" bitumen"> bitumen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusivity" title=" diffusivity"> diffusivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocarbon%20solvent" title=" hydrocarbon solvent"> hydrocarbon solvent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SARA" title=" SARA"> SARA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187476/solvent-aided-dilution-approach-for-heavy-hydrocarbon-liquid-evaluation-in-the-eastern-dahomey-basin-southwestern-nigeria-case-study-of-agbabu-bitumen-in-ondo-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187476.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">36</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">369</span> Blending Effects on Crude Oil Stability: An Experimental Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muheddin%20Hamza">Muheddin Hamza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Entisar%20Etter"> Entisar Etter</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is a part of investigating the possibility of blending two crude oils obtained from Libyan oil fields, namely crude oil (A) and crude oil (B) with different ratios, prior to blending the crude oils have to be compatible in order to avoid phase out and precipitation of asphaltene from the bulk of crude. The physical properties of both crudes such as density, viscosity, pour point and sulphur content were measured according to (ASTM) method. To examine the stability of both crudes and their blends, the oil compatibility model using microscopic, colloidal instability index (CII) using SARA analysis and asphaltene stabilization test using Turbiscan tests were conducted in the Libyan Petroleum Institute laboratories. Compatibility tests were carried out with both crude oils, the insolubility number (IN), and the solubility blending number (SBN), for both crude oils and their blends were calculated. The criteria for compatibility of any blend is that the volume average solubility blending number (SBN) is greater than the insolubility number (IN) of any component in the blend, the results indicated that both crudes were compatible. To support the results of compatibility tests the SARA analysis was done for the fractional determination of (saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes) content. From this result, the colloidal Instability index (CII) and resin to asphaltenes ratio (R/A) were calculated for crudes and their blends. The results show that crude oil (B) which has higher (R/A) and lower (CII) is more stable than crude oil (A) and as the ratio of crude (B) increases in the blend the (CII) and (R/A) were improved, and the blends becomes more stable. Asphaltene stabilization test was also conducted for the crudes and their blends using Turbiscan MA200 according to the standard test method ASTM D7061-04, the Turbiscan shows that the crude (B) is more stable than crude (A) which shows a fair tendency. The (CII) and (R/A) were compared with the solubility number (SBN) for each crude and the blends along with Turbiscan results. The solubility blending number (SBN) of the crudes and their blends show that the crudes are compatible, also by comparing (R/A) and (SBN) values of the blends, it can be seen that they are complements of each other. All the experimental results show that the blends of both crudes are more stability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphaltene" title="asphaltene">asphaltene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crude%20oil" title=" crude oil"> crude oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compatibility" title=" compatibility"> compatibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20blends" title=" oil blends"> oil blends</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resin" title=" resin"> resin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SARA" title=" SARA"> SARA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68752/blending-effects-on-crude-oil-stability-an-experimental-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">511</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">368</span> Prevalence and Characteristics of Consumption of Nutraceuticals: The Case Study of Undergraduate Students of Medellin- Colombia, 2013</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gloria%20In%C3%A9s%20Mart%C3%ADnez%20Dom%C3%ADnguez">Gloria Inés Martínez Domínguez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20Mar%C3%ADa%20Mart%C3%ADnez%20S%C3%A1nchez"> Lina María Martínez Sánchez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20de%20los%20%C3%81ngeles%20Rodr%C3%ADguez%20G%C3%A1zquez"> María de los Ángeles Rodríguez Gázquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Guillermo%20Jim%C3%A9nez%20Jim%C3%A9nez"> Juan Guillermo Jiménez Jiménez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johan%20Sebasti%C3%A1n%20Lopera%20Valle"> Johan Sebastián Lopera Valle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20Vargas%20Grisales"> Natalia Vargas Grisales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Rojas%20Jim%C3%A9nez"> Sara Rojas Jiménez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alejandra%20Uribe%20Ocampo"> Alejandra Uribe Ocampo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Correa%20P%C3%A9rez"> Sara Correa Pérez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20Perilla%20Hern%C3%A1ndez"> Natalia Perilla Hernández</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Sebasti%C3%A1n%20Mar%C3%ADn%20C%C3%A1rdenas"> Juan Sebastián Marín Cárdenas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The relationship between diet and chronic or degenerative diseases has led to the development of functional foods such as nutraceuticals. Objective: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of consumption of nutraceuticals in undergraduate students. Methodology: Cross-sectional study. It was a simple random sampling with the Statcalc EpiInfo software vr 6.04. It was designed an instrument for collection of demographic data and consumption of nutraceuticals. Statistical analysis used the SPSS program. Results: 427 students, average age 20.8 years (SD 3.1), 56.1% were women. The life prevalence of nutraceuticals consumption was 66.3% and the annual 51.8%. The main reasons for consumption were as food complement 32.8% and prevent diseases 20.1%. Conclusion: The high prevalence of nutraceuticals observed is comparable to that reported in the literature, which suggests an increasing trend in the habit of consumption of dietary supplement which have a preventive or protective effect on health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary%20supplements" title="dietary supplements">dietary supplements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food" title=" food"> food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20food" title=" functional food"> functional food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Colombia" title=" Colombia"> Colombia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1597/prevalence-and-characteristics-of-consumption-of-nutraceuticals-the-case-study-of-undergraduate-students-of-medellin-colombia-2013" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">576</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">367</span> Group Boundaries against and Due to Identity Threat </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Siegler">Anna Siegler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Bigazzi"> Sara Bigazzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Serdult"> Sara Serdult</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ildiko%20Bokretas"> Ildiko Bokretas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Social identity emerging from group membership defines the representational processes of our social reality. Based on our theoretical assumption the subjective perception of identity threat leads to an instable identity structure. The need to re-establish the positive identity will lead us to strengthen group boundaries. Prejudice in our perspective offer psychological security those who thinking in exclusive barriers, and we suggest that those who identify highly with their ingroup/national identity and less with superordinate identities take distance from others and this is related to their perception of threat. In our study we used a newly developed questionnaire, the Multiple Threat and Prejudice Questionnaire (MTPQ) which measure identity threat at different dimensions of identification (national, existential, gender, religious) and the distancing of different outgroups, over and above we worked with Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) and Identification with All Humanity Scale (IWAH). We conduct one data collection (N=1482) in a Hungarian sample to examine the connection between national threat and distance-taking, and this survey includes the investigation (N=218) of identification with different group categories. Our findings confirmed that those who feel themselves threatened in their national identity aspects are less likely to identify themselves with superordinate groups and this correlation is much stronger when they think about the nation as a bio-cultural unit, while if nation defined as a social-economy entity this connection is less powerful and has just the opposite direction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20boundaries" title="group boundaries">group boundaries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity%20threat" title=" identity threat"> identity threat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prejudice" title=" prejudice"> prejudice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superordinate%20groups" title=" superordinate groups"> superordinate groups</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93684/group-boundaries-against-and-due-to-identity-threat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93684.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">366</span> Protective Effect of the Standardized Extract of Holmskioldia sanguinea on Tumor Bearing Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahesh%20Pal">Mahesh Pal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tripti%20Mishra"> Tripti Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandana%20Rao"> Chandana Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalip%20Upreti"> Dalip Upreti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cancer has been considered to be a very dreadful disease. Holmskioldia sanguinea is a large climbing shrub found in the Himalayas at an altitude of 5,000 ft and preliminary investigation showed the excellent yield of andrographolide and subjected for the anticancer activity. Protective effect of Holmskioldia sanguinea leaf ethanolic extract has been investigated against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and Daltons ascites lymphoma (DAL) in Swiss albino mice to evaluate the possible mechanism of action. The enzymatic antioxidant status was studied on tumor bearing mice, which shows the potential of the compound to possess significant free radical scavenging property and revealed significant tumor regression and prolonged survival time. The isolated bioactive molecule andrographolide from Holmskioldia sanguinea yields (2.5%) in subject to HPTLC/HPLC analysis. The cellular defense system constituting the superoxide dismutase, catalyses was enhanced whereby the lipid peroxidation content was restricted to a larger extent. The Holmskioldia sanguinea is a new source of andrographolide and demonstrated the potency in treatment of cancer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holmskioldia%20sanguinea" title="Holmskioldia sanguinea">Holmskioldia sanguinea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor" title=" tumor"> tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mice" title=" mice"> mice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=andrographolide" title=" andrographolide"> andrographolide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69400/protective-effect-of-the-standardized-extract-of-holmskioldia-sanguinea-on-tumor-bearing-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69400.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">365</span> Design and Characterization of Aromatase Inhibitor Loaded Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Breast Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harish%20K.%20Chandrawanshi">Harish K. Chandrawanshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mithun%20S.%20Rajput"> Mithun S. Rajput</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neelima%20Choure"> Neelima Choure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Purnima%20Dey%20Sarkar"> Purnima Dey Sarkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shailesh%20Jain"> Shailesh Jain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present research study aimed to fabricate and evaluate biodegradable nanoparticles of aromatase inhibitor letrozole, intended for breast cancer therapy. Letrozole loaded poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide acid) nanoparticles were prepared by solvent evaporation method using dichlorometane as solvent (oil phase) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as aqueous phase. Prepared nanoparticles were characterized by particle size, infrared spectra, drug loading efficiency, drug entrapment efficiency and in vitro release and also evaluated for in vivo anticancer activity. The high speed homogenizer was used to produce stable nanoparticles of mean size range 198.35 ± 0.04 nm with high entrapment efficiency (69.86 ± 2.78%). Percentage of drug and homogenization speed significantly influenced the particle size, entrapment efficiency and release (p<0.05). The nanoparticles show significant in vivo anticancer activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice. The significant system sustained the release of letrozole drug effectively and further investigation could exhibit its potential usefulness in breast cancer therapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer%2Ftherapy" title="breast cancer/therapy">breast cancer/therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=letrozole" title=" letrozole"> letrozole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLGA" title=" PLGA "> PLGA </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15006/design-and-characterization-of-aromatase-inhibitor-loaded-nanoparticles-for-the-treatment-of-breast-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">580</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">364</span> Preliminary dosimetric Evaluation of a New Therapeutic 177LU Complex for Human Based on Biodistribution Data in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Yousefnia">H. Yousefnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Zolghadri"> S. Zolghadri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Golabi%20Dezfuli"> A. Golabi Dezfuli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tris (1,10-phenanthroline) lanthanum(III)] trithiocyanate is a new compound that has shown to stop DNA synthesis in CCRF-CEM and Ehrlich ascites cells leading to a cell cycle arrest in G0/G1. One other important property of the phenanthroline nucleus is its ability to act as a triplet-state photosensitizer especially in complexes with lanthanides. In Nowadays, the radiation dose assessment resource (RADAR) method is known as the most common method for absorbed dose calculation. 177Lu was produced by irradiation of a natural Lu2O3 target at a thermal neutron flux of approximately 4 × 1013 n/cm2•s. 177Lu-PL3 was prepared in the optimized condition. The radiochemical yield was checked by ITLC method. The biodistribution of the complex was investigated by intravenously injection to wild-type rats via their tail veins. In this study, the absorbed dose of 177Lu-PL3 to human organs was estimated by RADAR method. 177Lu was prepared with a specific activity of 2.6-3 GBq.mg-1 and radionuclide purity of 99.98 %. The 177Lu-PL3 complex can prepare with high radiochemical yield (> 99 %) at optimized conditions. The results show that liver and spleen have received the highest absorbed dose of 1.051 and 0.441 mSv/MBq, respectivley. The absorbed dose values for these two dose-limiting tissues suggest more biological studies special in tumor-bearing animals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20dosimetry" title="internal dosimetry">internal dosimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lutetium-177" title=" Lutetium-177"> Lutetium-177</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radar" title=" radar"> radar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animals" title=" animals"> animals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34297/preliminary-dosimetric-evaluation-of-a-new-therapeutic-177lu-complex-for-human-based-on-biodistribution-data-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34297.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">363</span> Biobased Facade: Illuminated Natural Fibre Polymer with Cardboard Core</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ralf%20Gliniorz">Ralf Gliniorz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carolin%20Petzoldt"> Carolin Petzoldt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreas%20Ehrlich"> Andreas Ehrlich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Gelbrich"> Sandra Gelbrich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lothar%20Kroll"> Lothar Kroll</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The building envelope is integral part of buildings, and renewable resources have a key role in energy consumption. So our aim was the development and implementation of a free forming facade system, consisting of fibre-reinforced polymer, which is built up of commercial biobased resin systems and natural fibre reinforcement. The field of application is aimed in modern architecture, like the office block 'Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe e.V.' with its oak wood recyclate facade. The build-up of our elements is a classically sandwich-structured composite: face sheets as fibre-reinforced composite using polymer matrix, here a biobased epoxy, and natural fibres. The biobased core consists of stuck cardboard structure (BC-flute). Each element is manufactured from two shells in a counterpart, via hand lay-up laminate. These natural fibre skins and cardboard core have adhered 'wet-on-wet'. As a result, you get the effect of translucent face sheets with matrix illumination. Each created pixel can be controlled in RGB-colours and form together a screen at buildings. A 10 x 5 m² area 'NFP-BIO' with 25 elements is planned as a reference object in Chemnitz. The resolution is about 100 x 50 pixels. Specials are also the efficient technology of production and the possibility to extensively 3D-formed elements for buildings, replacing customary facade systems, which can give out information or advertising. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biobased%20facade" title="biobased facade">biobased facade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardboard%20core" title=" cardboard core"> cardboard core</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20fibre%20skins" title=" natural fibre skins"> natural fibre skins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20element" title=" sandwich element"> sandwich element</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76879/biobased-facade-illuminated-natural-fibre-polymer-with-cardboard-core" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76879.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">362</span> Conducting Quality Planning, Assurance and Control According to GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) Standards and Benchmarking Data for Kuwait Food Industries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20Alateeqi">Alaa Alateeqi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Aldhulaiee"> Sara Aldhulaiee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Alibraheem"> Sara Alibraheem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noura%20Alsaleh"> Noura Alsaleh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For the past few decades or so, Kuwait's local food industry has grown remarkably due to increase in demand for processed or semi processed food products in the market. It is important that the ever increasing food manufacturing/processing units maintain the required quality standards as per regional and to some extent international quality requirements. It has been realized that all Kuwait food manufacturing units should understand and follow the international standard practices, and moreover a set of guidelines must be set for quality assurance such that any new business in this area is aware of the minimum requirements. The current study has been undertaken to identify the gaps in Kuwait food industries in following the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) in terms of quality planning, control and quality assurance. GMP refers to Good Manufacturing Practices, which are a set of rules, laws or regulations that certify producing products within quality standards and ensuring that it is safe, pure and effective. The present study therefore reports about a ‘case study’ in a reputed food manufacturing unit in Kuwait; starting from assessment of the current practices followed by diagnosis, report of the diagnosis and road map and corrective measures for GMP implementation in the unit. The case study has also been able to identify the best practices and establish a benchmarking data for other companies to follow, through measuring the selected company's quality, policies, products and strategies and compare it with the established benchmarking data. A set of questionnaires and assessment mechanism has been established for companies to identify their ‘benchmarking score’ in relation to the number of non-conformities and conformities with the GMP standard requirements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=good%20manufacturing%20practices" title="good manufacturing practices">good manufacturing practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GMP" title=" GMP"> GMP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benchmarking" title=" benchmarking"> benchmarking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuwait%20Food%20Industries" title=" Kuwait Food Industries"> Kuwait Food Industries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20quality" title=" food quality"> food quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9184/conducting-quality-planning-assurance-and-control-according-to-gmp-good-manufacturing-practices-standards-and-benchmarking-data-for-kuwait-food-industries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9184.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">361</span> Burnout Syndrome: A Study of Financial Professionals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Santos">Sara Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Jo%C3%A3o%20Santos"> Maria João Santos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thisarticleanalyzesthethemeofwork-family conflict and professional stress among financial workers and their relationships with burnout syndrome. This also studieshowthesocio demographicandworkingcharacteristicsoftheseprofessionalsinfluencetheirlevelsofburnout. Weadopted a mixedmethodbasedontheanalysisof 255 surveysand 24 interviewscarriedoutwith financial sector professionals. Thekeyresultsincludeverificationofhowtheseprofessionalsregister a positive relationshipbetweenwork-familyconflictandburnoutsyndrome as well as betweenprofessional stress andburnout. Thestudycontributes to a betterunderstandingoftheimpactsthatwork-familyconflictsandprofessional stress haveon financial professionalsandhowtheycontribute to thevariationsprevailingintheirrespectivelevelsofburnout. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=burnout%20syndrome" title="burnout syndrome">burnout syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20area" title=" financial area"> financial area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict" title=" conflict"> conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stres" title=" stres"> stres</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143380/burnout-syndrome-a-study-of-financial-professionals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143380.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">215</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">360</span> A Survey on Internet of Things and Fog Computing as a Platform for Internet of Things</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20Kalantary">Samira Kalantary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Taghipour"> Sara Taghipour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansoure%20Ghias%20Abadi"> Mansoure Ghias Abadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Internet of Things (IOT) is a technological revolution that represents the future of computing and communications. IOT is the convergence of Internet with RFID, NFC, Sensor, and smart objects. Fog Computing is the natural platform for IOT. At present, the IOT as a new network communication technology has rapidly shifted from concept to application under fog computing virtual storage computing platform. In this paper, we describe everything about IOT and difference between cloud computing and fog computing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20computing" title="cloud computing">cloud computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fog%20computing" title=" fog computing"> fog computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Internet%20of%20Things%20%28IoT%29" title=" Internet of Things (IoT)"> Internet of Things (IoT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IOT%20application" title=" IOT application"> IOT application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30670/a-survey-on-internet-of-things-and-fog-computing-as-a-platform-for-internet-of-things" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30670.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">584</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">359</span> Modulation of Tamoxifen-Induced Cytotoxicity in Breast Cancer Cell Lines by 3-Bromopyruvate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasmin%20M.%20Attia">Yasmin M. Attia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20S.%20El-Abhar"> Hanan S. El-Abhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20M.%20Al%20Marzabani"> Mahmoud M. Al Marzabani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samia%20A.%20Shouman"> Samia A. Shouman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Tamoxifen (TAM) is the most commonly used hormone therapy for the treatment of early and metastatic breast cancer. Although it significantly decreases the tumor recurrence rate and provides an overall benefit, as much as 20–30% of women still relapse during or after long-term therapy. 3-Bromopyruvate (3-BP) is a promising agent with impressive antitumor effects in several models of animal tumors and cell lines. Aim: This study was designed to investigate the combined effect of (TAM) and (3-BP) in breast cancer cells and to explore their molecular interaction via assessment of apoptotic, angiogenic, and metastatic markers. Methods: In vitro cytotoxicity study was carried out for both compounds to determine the combination regimen producing a synergistic effect and mechanistic pathways were studied using RT-PCR and western techniques. Moreover, the anti-oncolytic and anti-angiogenic potentials were assessed in mice bearing solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC). Results: The combined treatment significantly increased the expressions and protein levels of caspase 7, 9, and 3 and decreased of angiogenic markers VEGF, HIF-1α, and HK2 compared to cells treated with either drug individually. However, there were no significant changes in MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein levels. Interestingly, the in vivo results supported the in vitro findings; there was a decrease in the tumor volume and VEFG using immunohistochemistry in the combination-treated groups compared to either TAM or 3-BP treated one. Conclusion: 3-BP synergizes the cytotoxic effect of TAM by increasing apoptosis and decreasing angiogenesis which makes this combination a promising regimen to be applied clinically. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tamoxifen" title="tamoxifen">tamoxifen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-bromopyruvate" title=" 3-bromopyruvate"> 3-bromopyruvate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer" title=" breast cancer"> breast cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angiogenesis" title=" angiogenesis"> angiogenesis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9329/modulation-of-tamoxifen-induced-cytotoxicity-in-breast-cancer-cell-lines-by-3-bromopyruvate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9329.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">358</span> Tram Track Deterioration Modeling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Yousefikia">Mohammad Yousefikia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Moridpour"> Sara Moridpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Mazloumi"> Ehsan Mazloumi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Perceiving track geometry deterioration decisively influences the optimization of track maintenance operations. The effective management of this deterioration and increasingly utilized system with limited financial resources is a significant challenge. This paper provides a review of degradation models relevant for railroad tracks. Furthermore, due to the lack of long term information on the condition development of tram infrastructures, presents the methodology which will be used to derive degradation models from the data of Melbourne tram network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deterioration%20modeling" title="deterioration modeling">deterioration modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asset%20management" title=" asset management"> asset management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=railway" title=" railway"> railway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tram" title=" tram"> tram</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11719/tram-track-deterioration-modeling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11719.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">357</span> Waiting Time Reduction in a Government Hospital Emergency Department: A Case Study on AlAdan Hospital, Kuwait</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bashayer%20AlRobayaan">Bashayer AlRobayaan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munira%20Saad"> Munira Saad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20AlBawab"> Alaa AlBawab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatma%20AlHamad"> Fatma AlHamad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20AlAwadhi"> Sara AlAwadhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sherif%20Fahmy"> Sherif Fahmy </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper addresses the problem of long waiting times in government hospitals emergency departments (ED). It aims at finding feasible and simple ways of reducing waiting times that do not require a lot of resources and/or expenses. AlAdan Hospital in Kuwait was chosen to be understudy to further understand and capture the problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare" title="healthcare">healthcare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital" title=" hospital"> hospital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuwait" title=" Kuwait"> Kuwait</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waiting%20times" title=" waiting times"> waiting times</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20department" title=" emergency department"> emergency department</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9389/waiting-time-reduction-in-a-government-hospital-emergency-department-a-case-study-on-aladan-hospital-kuwait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9389.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">356</span> Investigating the Efficiency of Granular Sludge for Recovery of Phosphate from Wastewater</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Salehi">Sara Salehi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ka%20Yu%20Cheng"> Ka Yu Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Heitz"> Anna Heitz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maneesha%20Ginige"> Maneesha Ginige</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated the efficiency of granular sludge for phosphorous (P) recovery from wastewater. A laboratory scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was operated under alternating aerobic/anaerobic conditions to enrich a P accumulating granular biomass. This study showed that an overall 45-fold increase in P concentration could be achieved by reducing the volume of the P capturing liquor by 5-fold in the anaerobic P release phase. Moreover, different fractions of the granular biomass have different individual contributions towards generating a concentrated stream of P. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granular%20sludge" title="granular sludge">granular sludge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PAOs" title=" PAOs"> PAOs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P%20recovery" title=" P recovery"> P recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SBR" title=" SBR"> SBR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64159/investigating-the-efficiency-of-granular-sludge-for-recovery-of-phosphate-from-wastewater" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64159.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">481</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">355</span> The Duties of the Immortals and the Name of Anauša or Anušiya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behzad%20Moeini%20Sam">Behzad Moeini Sam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Mohammadi%20Avandi"> Sara Mohammadi Avandi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the reasons for the success of the Achaemenids was the innovation and precise organization used in the administrative and military fields. Of course, these organizations had their roots in the previous governments that had changed in these borrowings. The units of the Achaemenid army are also among the cases that have their origins in the ancient East. In this article, the attempt is to find the sources of the Immortal Army based on the writings of old and current authors and archaeological documents, and the name mentioned by Herodotus and rejected by some authors. Of course, linguistic sources have also been used for better conclusions than the indicated sources. It emphasizes linguistic data to lead to a better deduction. Thus, it was included that ‘anauša’ is more probable than anušiya. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=army" title="army">army</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immortal" title=" immortal"> immortal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ten%20thousand" title=" ten thousand"> ten thousand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anau%C5%A1a" title=" Anauša"> Anauša</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anu%C5%A1iya" title=" Anušiya"> Anušiya</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155000/the-duties-of-the-immortals-and-the-name-of-anausa-or-anusiya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">354</span> Detecting Black Hole Attacks in Body Sensor Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Alshehri">Sara Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayan%20Alenzi"> Bayan Alenzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atheer%20Alshehri"> Atheer Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samia%20Chelloug"> Samia Chelloug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainab%20Almry"> Zainab Almry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussah%20Albugmai"> Hussah Albugmai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper concerns body area networks sensor that collect signals around a human body. The black hole attacks are the main security challenging problem because the data traffic can be dropped at any node. The focus of our proposed solution is to efficiently route data packets while detecting black hole nodes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20sensor%20networks" title="body sensor networks">body sensor networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black%20hole" title=" black hole"> black hole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=routing" title=" routing"> routing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broadcasting" title=" broadcasting"> broadcasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OMNeT%2B%2B" title=" OMNeT++ "> OMNeT++ </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10435/detecting-black-hole-attacks-in-body-sensor-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10435.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">645</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">353</span> Towards Conservation and Recovery of Species at Risk in Ontario: Progress on Recovery Planning and Implementation and an Overview of Key Research Needs </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachel%20deCatanzaro">Rachel deCatanzaro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madeline%20Austen"> Madeline Austen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ken%20Tuininga"> Ken Tuininga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kathy%20St.%20Laurent"> Kathy St. Laurent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Rohe"> Christina Rohe </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Canada, the federal Species at Risk Act (SARA) provides protection for wildlife species at risk and a national legislative framework for the conservation or recovery of species that are listed as endangered, threatened, or special concern under Schedule 1 of SARA. Key aspects of the federal species at risk program include the development of recovery documents (recovery strategies, action plans, and management plans) outlining threats, objectives, and broad strategies or measures for conservation or recovery of the species; the identification and protection of critical habitat for threatened and endangered species; and working with groups and organizations to implement on-the-ground recovery actions. Environment Canada’s progress on the development of recovery documents and on the identification and protection of critical habitat in Ontario will be presented, along with successes and challenges associated with on-the ground implementation of recovery actions. In Ontario, Environment Canada is currently involved in several recovery and monitoring programs for at-risk bird species such as the Loggerhead Shrike, Piping Plover, Golden-winged Warbler and Cerulean Warbler and has provided funding for a wide variety of recovery actions targeting priority species at risk and geographic areas each year through stewardship programs including the Habitat Stewardship Program, Aboriginal Fund for Species at Risk, and the Interdepartmental Recovery Fund. Key research needs relevant to the recovery of species at risk have been identified, and include: surveys and monitoring of population sizes and threats, population viability analyses, and addressing knowledge gaps identified for individual species (e.g., species biology and habitat needs). The engagement of all levels of government, the local and international conservation communities, and the scientific research community plays an important role in the conservation and recovery of species at risk in Ontario– through surveying and monitoring, filling knowledge gaps, conducting public outreach, and restoring, protecting, or managing habitat – and will be critical to the continued success of the federal species at risk program. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation%20biology" title="conservation biology">conservation biology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=habitat%20protection" title=" habitat protection"> habitat protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species%20at%20risk" title=" species at risk"> species at risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wildlife%20recovery" title=" wildlife recovery"> wildlife recovery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22960/towards-conservation-and-recovery-of-species-at-risk-in-ontario-progress-on-recovery-planning-and-implementation-and-an-overview-of-key-research-needs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">352</span> Snapchat’s Scanning Feature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reham%20Banwair">Reham Banwair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lana%20Alshehri"> Lana Alshehri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Hadrawi"> Sara Hadrawi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this project is to identify user satisfaction with the AI functions on Snapchat, in order to generate improvement proposals that allow its development within the app. To achieve this, a qualitative analysis was carried out through interviews to people who usually use the application, revealing their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the usefulness of the AI. In addition, the background of the company and its introduction in these algorithms were analyzed. Furthermore, the characteristics of the three main functions of AI were explained: identify songs, solve mathematical problems, and recognize plants. As a result, it was obtained that 50% still do not know the characteristics of AI, 50% still believe song recognition is not always correct, 41.7% believe that math problems are usually accurate and 91.7% believes the plant detection tool is working properly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scanning" title=" scanning"> scanning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Snapchat" title=" Snapchat"> Snapchat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151231/snapchats-scanning-feature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">351</span> Analyzing the Oil and Gas Exploration Opportunities in Poland: Five Prospective Areas Selected and Dedicated to the Tender</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krystian%20W%C3%B3jcik">Krystian Wójcik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Wr%C3%B3blewska"> Sara Wróblewska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcin%20%C5%81ojek"> Marcin Łojek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarzyna%20Sobie%C5%84"> Katarzyna Sobień</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polish Geological Survey selected five of the most prospective areas for oil and gas exploration in Poland. They are dedicated to the 6th international tender round for hydrocarbon concessions, planned in 2022. The main exploration target of these areas is related to conventional and unconventional accumulations of gas and oil in the Carpathian basement, Carpathian Foredeep and Outer Carpathians (Block 413 – 414), as well as in the Carboniferous, Rotliegend, Main Dolomite (Block 208, Cybinka – Torzym, Zielona Góra West), and in the Mesozoic of the Polish Lowlands (Koło). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concession%20policy" title="concession policy">concession policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20tender" title=" international tender"> international tender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20and%20gas%20exploration%20horizons" title=" oil and gas exploration horizons"> oil and gas exploration horizons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prospective%20areas" title=" prospective areas"> prospective areas</a> </p> 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