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Proton (rakett) – Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Deltagelse i byggingen av ISS</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Deltagelse_i_byggingen_av_ISS-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Deltagelse i byggingen av ISS</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Deltagelse_i_byggingen_av_ISS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Se_også" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_også"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Se også</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_også-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Proton (rakett)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 46 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protonraket" title="Protonraket – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Protonraket" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protonraket" title="Protonraket – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Protonraket" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86_(%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE)" title="بروتون (عائلة صواريخ) – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بروتون (عائلة صواريخ)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(raket)" title="Proton (raket) – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Proton (raket)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%82)" title="Пратон (ракета-носьбіт) – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пратон (ракета-носьбіт)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Протон (ракета) – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Протон (ракета)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton" title="Proton – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Proton" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(nosn%C3%A1_raketa)" title="Proton (nosná raketa) – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Proton (nosná raketa)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(Rakete)" title="Proton (Rakete) – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Proton (Rakete)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(rocket_family)" title="Proton (rocket family) – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Proton (rocket family)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prot%C3%B3n_(cohete)" title="Protón (cohete) – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Protón (cohete)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton" title="Proton – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Proton" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86_(%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B4%DA%A9)" title="پروتون (موشک) – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پروتون (موشک)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(fus%C3%A9e)" title="Proton (fusée) – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Proton (fusée)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%ED%86%A4_%EB%A1%9C%EC%BC%93" title="프로톤 로켓 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프로톤 로켓" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6_(%D5%B0%D6%80%D5%A9%D5%AB%D5%BC)" title="Պրոտոն (հրթիռ) – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պրոտոն (հրթիռ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8_(%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0)" title="प्रोटॉन (रॉकेट परिवार) – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रोटॉन (रॉकेट परिवार)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(raketa)" title="Proton (raketa) – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Proton (raketa)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(keluarga_roket)" title="Proton (keluarga roket) – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Proton (keluarga roket)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(lanciatore)" title="Proton (lanciatore) – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Proton (lanciatore)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F_(%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D)" title="פרוטון (סדרת משגרים) – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרוטון (סדרת משגרים)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%8B" title="Протон зымыран-тасығышы – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Протон зымыран-тасығышы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(nes%C4%93jra%C4%B7e%C5%A1u_saime)" title="Proton (nesējraķešu saime) – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Proton (nesējraķešu saime)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(Rak%C3%A9it)" title="Proton (Rakéit) – luxemburgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Proton (Rakéit)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(hordoz%C3%B3rak%C3%A9ta)" title="Proton (hordozórakéta) – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Proton (hordozórakéta)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA_(%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B0)" title="പ്രോട്ടോൺ (റോക്കറ്റ് പരമ്പര) – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്രോട്ടോൺ (റോക്കറ്റ് പരമ്പര)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%92%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B6%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B6" title="ပရိုတွန်ဒုံးပျံ – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပရိုတွန်ဒုံးပျံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(raket)" title="Proton (raket) – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Proton (raket)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3_(%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B1%E3%83%83%E3%83%88)" title="プロトン (ロケット) – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プロトン (ロケット)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(rakieta)" title="Proton (rakieta) – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Proton (rakieta)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(fam%C3%ADlia_de_foguetes)" title="Proton (família de foguetes) – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Proton (família de foguetes)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(rachet%C4%83)" title="Proton (rachetă) – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Proton (rachetă)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C)" title="Протон (ракета-носитель) – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Протон (ракета-носитель)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(rocket_family)" title="Proton (rocket family) – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Proton (rocket family)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(nosn%C3%A1_raketa)" title="Proton (nosná raketa) – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Proton (nosná raketa)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(raketa)" title="Proton (raketa) – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Proton (raketa)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%95%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%86%D8%AA%DB%86%D9%86" title="مووشەکی پرۆتۆن – sentralkurdisk" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مووشەکی پرۆتۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sentralkurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87)" title="Протон (ракета-носач) – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Протон (ракета-носач)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(raketa)" title="Proton (raketa) – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Proton (raketa)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton" title="Proton – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Proton" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_(%E0%AE%8F%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF)" title="புரோட்டான் (ஏவூர்தி) – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புரோட்டான் (ஏவூர்தி)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_roketleri" title="Proton roketleri – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Proton roketleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9)" title="Протон (ракета-носій) – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Протон (ракета-носій)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(h%E1%BB%8D_t%C3%AAn_l%E1%BB%ADa)" title="Proton (họ tên lửa) – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Proton (họ tên lửa)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E5%AD%90%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%89%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="質子運載火箭 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="質子運載火箭" 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id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Proton-K-Zarya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Proton-K-Zarya.jpg/250px-Proton-K-Zarya.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="381" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Proton-K-Zarya.jpg/375px-Proton-K-Zarya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Proton-K-Zarya.jpg/500px-Proton-K-Zarya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3048" /></a><figcaption>Oppskytningen av <a href="/wiki/Zarja" title="Zarja">Zarja</a> med en Proton-K</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Proton-raketten</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russisk" title="Russisk">russisk</a>: Прото́н) (formell designasjon: <b>UR-500</b>) er en rakett som brukes både til kommersielle og russiske offisielle oppskytinger. Den første Proton-raketten ble skutt opp i 1965, og stort sett det samme systemet er i bruk i 2011, noe som gjør raketten til en av de mest suksessfulle i romfartshistorien. Alle Proton-rakettene er bygget på Khrunitsjev-fabrikken i <a href="/wiki/Moskva" title="Moskva">Moskva</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-factsheet_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-factsheet-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> De er transportert til Baikonur for oppskyting<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Navnet "Proton" kommer fra en serie med store vitenskapelige Proton-satellitter, som var blant rakettens første nyttelaster. </p><p>Oppskytingskapasitet til lav jord-bane er ca. 22 tonn. Interplanetarisk kapasitet er på ca. 5 tonn. Kommersielle oppskytinger selges av selskapet International Launch Services (ILS). </p><p><b>Sammenlignbare raketter:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Delta_IV_(rakett)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Delta IV (rakett) (ikke skrevet ennå)">Delta IV</a> - <a href="/wiki/Atlas_V" title="Atlas V">Atlas V</a> - <a href="/wiki/Ariane_5" title="Ariane 5">Ariane 5</a> - <a href="/wiki/Chang_Zheng" title="Chang Zheng">Chang Zheng</a> 5 - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Angara_(rakett)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Angara (rakett) (ikke skrevet ennå)">Angara</a> - <a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">Falcon 9</a> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deltagelse_i_byggingen_av_ISS">Deltagelse i byggingen av ISS</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proton_(rakett)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Deltagelse i byggingen av ISS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proton_(rakett)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Deltagelse i byggingen av ISS"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Proton-raketten ble brukt til å skyte opp <a href="/wiki/Zarja" title="Zarja">Zarja</a>-modulen, den første delen til <a href="/wiki/Den_internasjonale_romstasjonen" title="Den internasjonale romstasjonen">Den internasjonale romstasjonen</a>. Modulen ble skutt opp med Proton-raketten fra <a href="/wiki/Bajkonur_kosmodrom" title="Bajkonur kosmodrom">Bajkonur kosmodrom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kasakhstan" title="Kasakhstan">Kasakhstan</a> den <a href="/wiki/20._november" title="20. november">20. november</a> <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a>. </p><p>En senere modul [Zvezda], ble skutt opp med en Proton-rakett <a href="/wiki/12._juli" title="12. juli">12. juli</a> <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a> og ble koblet sammen med <a href="/wiki/Zarja" title="Zarja">Zarja</a>-modulen <a href="/wiki/26._juli" title="26. juli">26. juli</a> samme år. Raketten var en av de første som hadde reklame på seg, det var dekorert med logoen til restaurantkjeden «<a href="/wiki/Pizza_Hut" title="Pizza Hut">Pizza Hut</a>», som selskapet betalte 1 millioner dollar for. </p><p>Det er planlagt at modulen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Multipurpose_Laboratory_Module&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Multipurpose Laboratory Module (ikke skrevet ennå)">MLM</a> skal skytes opp med en Proton-rakett for tilkobling til <a href="/wiki/Den_internasjonale_romstasjonen" title="Den internasjonale romstasjonen">ISS</a> i desember <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Se_også"><span id="Se_ogs.C3.A5"></span>Se også</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proton_(rakett)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Se også" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proton_(rakett)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Se også"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liste_over_byggingen_av_ISS" title="Liste over byggingen av ISS">Liste over byggingen av ISS</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proton_(rakett)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proton_(rakett)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-factsheet-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-factsheet_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927190351/http://www.ilslaunch.com/pictures/fact-sheet/proton_fact_sheet-2007.pdf">«Proton Fact Sheet»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Launch_Services&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="International Launch Services (ikke skrevet ennå)"> ILS</a>. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ilslaunch.com/pictures/fact-sheet/proton_fact_sheet-2007.pdf">originalen</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> 27. september 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AProton+%28rakett%29&amp;rft.btitle=Proton+Fact+Sheet&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=ILS&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ilslaunch.com%2Fpictures%2Ffact-sheet%2Fproton_fact_sheet-2007.pdf&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/alexpgp/40437004/">«Proton Verticalization, Pad 39, Baikonur»</a>. flickr.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3AProton+%28rakett%29&amp;rft.btitle=Proton+Verticalization%2C+Pad+39%2C+Baikonur&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=flickr&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Falexpgp%2F40437004%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proton_(rakett)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proton_(rakett)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Proton_(rocket)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Proton (rocket)">Proton (rocket)</a> – kategori av bilder, video eller lyd på <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p373"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249231?uselang=nb#P373" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proton_(rocket)" class="extiw" title="commons:Proton (rocket)">Proton (rocket)</a> – galleri av bilder, video eller lyd på <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p935"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249231?uselang=nb#P935" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080819233025/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/proton.html">Proton rocket specifications sheet</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051201160120/http://www.spaceandtech.com/digest/sd2001-14/sd2001-14-001.shtml">Proton M Debuts With Successful Ekran Launch on April 7, 2001</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030904152921/http://astronautix.com/lvs/probrizm.htm">Proton 8K82K / Briz-M (www.astronautix.com)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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