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<span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Medieval allegory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medieval_allegory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_allegory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_allegory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Modern allegory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_allegory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poetry_and_fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poetry_and_fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Poetry and fiction</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Poetry_and_fiction-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Poetry and fiction subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Poetry_and_fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Allegory</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 83 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-83" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">83 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegorie" title="Allegorie – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Allegorie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%84_(%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%A8)" title="تمثيل (أدب) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تمثيل (أدب)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B5%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Այլաբանութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Այլաբանութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegor%C3%ADa" title="Alegoría – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Alegoría" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alleqoriya" title="Alleqoriya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Alleqoriya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%A6%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="آلئقوری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آلئقوری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="রূপকাশ্রয়ী কাহিনী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রূপকাশ্রয়ী কাহিনী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%B4ng-%C3%AC" title="Chông-ì – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chông-ì" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Алегорыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Алегорыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Алегорыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Алегорыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Алегория – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Алегория" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegorie" title="Allegorie – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Allegorie" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegorija" title="Alegorija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Alegorija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegorienn" title="Alegorienn – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Alegorienn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C2%B7legoria" title="Al·legoria – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Al·legoria" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegorie" title="Alegorie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Alegorie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegori" title="Alegori – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Alegori" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegori" title="Allegori – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Allegori" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegorie" title="Allegorie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Allegorie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegooria" title="Allegooria – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Allegooria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Αλληγορία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλληγορία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegor%C3%ADa" title="Alegoría – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alegoría" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegorio" title="Alegorio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Alegorio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegoria" title="Alegoria – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alegoria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AB%DB%8C%D9%84_(%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="تمثیل (ادبیات) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تمثیل (ادبیات)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/All%C3%A9gorie" title="Allégorie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Allégorie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegory" title="Allegory – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Allegory" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegor%C3%ADa" title="Alegoría – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Alegoría" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%88%EA%B3%A0%EB%A6%AC" title="알레고리 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="알레고리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B5%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Այլաբանություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Այլաբանություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegorija" title="Alegorija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Alegorija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegorio" title="Alegorio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Alegorio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegori" title="Alegori – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alegori" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegoria" title="Allegoria – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Allegoria" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1knsaga" title="Táknsaga – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Táknsaga" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegoria" title="Allegoria – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Allegoria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="אלגוריה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלגוריה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF" title="ಅನ್ಯೋಕ್ತಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅನ್ಯೋಕ್ತಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ალეგორია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ალეგორია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Аллегория – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аллегория" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegor%C3%AE" title="Alegorî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Alegorî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Аллегория – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Аллегория" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegoria" title="Allegoria – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Allegoria" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegorija" title="Alegorija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Alegorija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegorie" title="Allegorie – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Allegorie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegorija" title="Alegorija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Alegorija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegorie" title="Allegorie – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Allegorie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alleg%C3%B3ria" title="Allegória – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Allegória" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Алегорија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Алегорија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%82" title="അന്യാപദേശം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അന്യാപദേശം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegori" title="Alegori – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Alegori" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Лиякс азома – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Лиякс азома" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegorie_(letterkunde)" title="Allegorie (letterkunde) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Allegorie (letterkunde)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC" title="アレゴリー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アレゴリー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegori" title="Allegori – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Allegori" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegori" title="Allegori – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Allegori" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegoria" title="Allegoria – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Allegoria" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegoriya" title="Allegoriya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Allegoriya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%95-%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A5%E0%A8%BE" title="ਰੂਪਕ-ਕਥਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੂਪਕ-ਕਥਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegoria" title="Alegoria – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alegoria" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegoria" title="Alegoria – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alegoria" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegorie" title="Alegorie – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alegorie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Аллегория – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аллегория" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Аллегория – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Аллегория" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegorie" title="Allegorie – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Allegorie" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegoria" title="Alegoria – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Alegoria" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegory" title="Allegory – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Allegory" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%84" title="تمثيل – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="تمثيل" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inotaj" title="Inotaj – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Inotaj" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegorija" title="Alegorija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Alegorija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Алегорија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Алегорија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegorija" title="Alegorija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Alegorija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegoria" title="Allegoria – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Allegoria" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegori" title="Allegori – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Allegori" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C" title="อุปมานิทัศน์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อุปมานิทัศน์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B1%D0%B5%D2%B3" title="Ташбеҳ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ташбеҳ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alegori" title="Alegori – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alegori" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Алегорія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Алегорія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AB%DB%8C%D9%84" title="تمثیل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تمثیل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%BAng_d%E1%BB%A5" title="Phúng dụ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phúng dụ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%98%E5%AF%93" title="托寓 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="托寓" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A2" title="אלעגאריע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אלעגאריע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A8%97%E5%AF%93" title="託寓 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="託寓" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18535#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Allegory" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the concept in mathematics, see <a href="/wiki/Allegory_(mathematics)" title="Allegory (mathematics)">Allegory (mathematics)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Literary device</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pearl_Poet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Pearl_Poet.jpg/220px-Pearl_Poet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Pearl_Poet.jpg/330px-Pearl_Poet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Pearl_Poet.jpg/440px-Pearl_Poet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="506" data-file-height="722" /></a><figcaption><i>Pearl</i>, miniature from <a href="/wiki/Pearl_Manuscript" title="Pearl Manuscript">Cotton Nero A.x</a>. The dreamer stands on the other side of the stream from the Pearl-maiden. <a href="/wiki/Pearl_(poem)" title="Pearl (poem)"><i>Pearl</i></a> is one of the greatest allegories from the <a href="/wiki/High_Middle_Ages" title="High Middle Ages">High Middle Ages</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-barney_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barney-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>As a <a href="/wiki/List_of_narrative_techniques" title="List of narrative techniques">literary device</a> or artistic form, an <b>allegory</b> is a <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/narrative" class="extiw" title="wikt:narrative">narrative</a> or visual representation in which a character, place, or event can be interpreted to represent a meaning with moral or political significance. Authors have used allegory throughout history in all forms of art to illustrate or convey complex ideas and concepts in ways that are comprehensible or striking to its viewers, readers, or listeners. </p><p>Writers and speakers typically use allegories to convey (semi-) hidden or complex meanings through <a href="/wiki/Symbolism_(arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbolism (arts)">symbolic</a> figures, actions, imagery, or events, which together create the moral, spiritual, or political meaning the author wishes to convey.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many allegories use <a href="/wiki/Personification" title="Personification">personification</a> of abstract concepts. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegory&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salvator_Rosa_(Italian)_-_Allegory_of_Fortune_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Salvator_Rosa_%28Italian%29_-_Allegory_of_Fortune_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Salvator_Rosa_%28Italian%29_-_Allegory_of_Fortune_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="335" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Salvator_Rosa_%28Italian%29_-_Allegory_of_Fortune_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Salvator_Rosa_%28Italian%29_-_Allegory_of_Fortune_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Salvator_Rosa_%28Italian%29_-_Allegory_of_Fortune_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Salvator_Rosa_%28Italian%29_-_Allegory_of_Fortune_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3031" data-file-height="4610" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/Salvator_Rosa" title="Salvator Rosa">Salvator Rosa</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Fortune" title="Allegory of Fortune">Allegory of Fortune</a></i>, representing <a href="/wiki/Fortuna" title="Fortuna">Fortuna</a>, the goddess of luck, with the <a href="/wiki/Cornucopia" title="Cornucopia">horn of plenty</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pedro_I_of_Brazil_and_Charles_Stuart_.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Pedro_I_of_Brazil_and_Charles_Stuart_.jpg/220px-Pedro_I_of_Brazil_and_Charles_Stuart_.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Pedro_I_of_Brazil_and_Charles_Stuart_.jpg/330px-Pedro_I_of_Brazil_and_Charles_Stuart_.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Pedro_I_of_Brazil_and_Charles_Stuart_.jpg/440px-Pedro_I_of_Brazil_and_Charles_Stuart_.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1116" data-file-height="725" /></a><figcaption>Allegory of the recognition of the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Brazil" title="Empire of Brazil">Empire of Brazil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Brazil" title="Independence of Brazil">its independence</a>. The painting depicts British diplomat <a href="/wiki/Charles_Stuart,_1st_Baron_Stuart_de_Rothesay" title="Charles Stuart, 1st Baron Stuart de Rothesay">Sir Charles Stuart</a> presenting his <a href="/wiki/Letter_of_credence" title="Letter of credence">letter of credence</a> to Emperor <a href="/wiki/Pedro_I_of_Brazil" title="Pedro I of Brazil">Pedro I of Brazil</a>, who is flanked by his wife <a href="/wiki/Maria_Leopoldina_of_Austria" title="Maria Leopoldina of Austria">Maria Leopoldina</a>, their daughter Maria da Glória (later Queen <a href="/wiki/Maria_II_of_Portugal" title="Maria II of Portugal">Maria II of Portugal</a>), and other dignitaries. At right, a winged figure, representing <a href="/wiki/History" title="History">History</a>, carving the "great event" on a stone tablet.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marco_Marcola_-_Mitolo%C5%A1ka_alegorija.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Marco_Marcola_-_Mitolo%C5%A1ka_alegorija.jpg/220px-Marco_Marcola_-_Mitolo%C5%A1ka_alegorija.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Marco_Marcola_-_Mitolo%C5%A1ka_alegorija.jpg/330px-Marco_Marcola_-_Mitolo%C5%A1ka_alegorija.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Marco_Marcola_-_Mitolo%C5%A1ka_alegorija.jpg/440px-Marco_Marcola_-_Mitolo%C5%A1ka_alegorija.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1738" data-file-height="1779" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/Marco_Marcola" title="Marco Marcola">Marco Marcola</a>: Mythological allegory</figcaption></figure> <p>First attested in English in 1382, the word <i>allegory</i> comes from <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>allegoria</i>, the <a href="/wiki/Latinisation_(literature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Latinisation (literature)">latinisation</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> ἀλληγορία (<i>allegoría</i>), "veiled language, figurative",<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> literally "speaking about something else",<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which in turn comes from ἄλλος (<i>allos</i>), "another, different"<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and ἀγορεύω (<i>agoreuo</i>), "to harangue, to speak in the assembly",<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which originates from ἀγορά (<i>agora</i>), "assembly".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegory&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Frye" title="Northrop Frye">Northrop Frye</a> discussed what he termed a "continuum of allegory", a spectrum that ranges from what he termed the "naive allegory" of the likes of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Faerie_Queene" title="The Faerie Queene">The Faerie Queene</a></i>, to the more private allegories of modern <a href="/wiki/Paradox_(literature)" title="Paradox (literature)">paradox literature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this perspective, the characters in a "naive" allegory are not fully three-dimensional, for each aspect of their individual personalities and of the events that befall them embodies some moral quality or other abstraction; the author has selected the allegory first, and the details merely flesh it out. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classical_allegory">Classical allegory</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegory&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Classical allegory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The origins of allegory can be traced at least back to <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a> in his "quasi-allegorical" use of personifications of, e.g., Terror (Deimos) and Fear (Phobos) at Il. 115 f.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The title of "first allegorist", however, is usually awarded to whoever was the earliest to put forth allegorical interpretations of Homer. This approach leads to two possible answers: Theagenes of Rhegium (whom Porphyry calls the "first allegorist," Porph. Quaest. Hom. 1.240.14–241.12 Schrad.) or Pherecydes of Syros, both of whom are presumed to be active in the 6th century B.C.E., though Pherecydes is earlier and as he is often presumed to be the first writer of prose. The debate is complex, since it demands we observe the distinction between two often conflated uses of the Greek verb "allēgoreīn," which can mean both "to speak allegorically" and "to interpret allegorically."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the case of "interpreting allegorically," Theagenes appears to be our earliest example. Presumably in response to proto-philosophical moral critiques of Homer (e.g., Xenophanes fr. 11 Diels-Kranz<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), Theagenes proposed symbolic interpretations whereby the Gods of the Iliad actually stood for physical elements. So, Hephestus represents Fire, for instance (for which see fr. A2 in Diels-Kranz<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Some scholars, however, argue that Pherecydes cosmogonic writings anticipated Theagenes allegorical work, illustrated especially by his early placement of Time (Chronos) in his genealogy of the gods, which is thought to be a reinterpretation of the titan Kronos, from more traditional genealogies. </p><p>In classical literature two of the best-known allegories are <a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_the_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Allegory of the Cave">the Cave</a> in Plato's <i><a href="/wiki/Republic_(Plato)" title="Republic (Plato)">The Republic</a></i> (Book VII) and the story of the stomach and its members in the speech of Menenius Agrippa (<a href="/wiki/Livy" title="Livy">Livy</a> ii. 32). </p><p>Among the best-known examples of allegory, <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_the_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Allegory of the Cave">Allegory of the Cave</a>, forms a part of his larger work <i><a href="/wiki/The_Republic_(Plato)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Republic (Plato)">The Republic</a>.</i> In this allegory, Plato describes a group of people who have lived chained in a cave all of their lives, facing a blank wall (514a–b). The people watch shadows projected on the wall by things passing in front of a fire behind them and begin to ascribe forms to these shadows, using language to identify their world (514c–515a). According to the allegory, the shadows are as close as the prisoners get to viewing reality, until one of them finds his way into the outside world where he sees the actual objects that produced the shadows. He tries to tell the people in the cave of his discovery, but they do not believe him and vehemently resist his efforts to free them so they can see for themselves (516e–518a). This allegory is, on a basic level, about a philosopher who upon finding greater knowledge outside the cave of human understanding, seeks to share it as is his duty, and the foolishness of those who would ignore him because they think themselves educated enough.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Late Antiquity <a href="/wiki/Martianus_Capella" title="Martianus Capella">Martianus Capella</a> organized all the information a fifth-century upper-class male needed to know into an allegory of the wedding of Mercury and <i>Philologia</i>, with the seven <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal arts">liberal arts</a> the young man needed to know as guests.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, the Neoplatonic philosophy developed a type of allegorical reading of Homer<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Plato.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biblical_allegory">Biblical allegory</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegory&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Biblical allegory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other early allegories are found in the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a>, such as the extended metaphor in <a href="/wiki/Psalm_80" title="Psalm 80">Psalm 80</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Grapevine" class="mw-redirect" title="Grapevine">vine</a> and its impressive spread and growth, representing Israel's conquest and population of the Promised Land.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also allegorical is <a href="/wiki/Ezekiel" title="Ezekiel">Ezekiel</a> 16 and 17, wherein the capture of that same vine by the mighty Eagle represents Israel's exile to Babylon.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hermeneutics#Allegorical" title="Hermeneutics">Allegorical interpretation of the Bible</a> was a common early Christian practice and continues. For example, the recently re-discovered Fourth Commentary on the Gospels by <a href="/wiki/Fortunatianus_of_Aquileia" title="Fortunatianus of Aquileia">Fortunatianus of Aquileia</a> has a comment by its English translator: "The principal characteristic of Fortunatianus' exegesis is a figurative approach, relying on a set of concepts associated with key terms in order to create an allegorical decoding of the text."<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medieval_allegory">Medieval allegory</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegory&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Medieval allegory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Four_senses_of_Scripture" title="Four senses of Scripture">Four senses of Scripture</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:British_School_17th_century_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady,_Called_Elizabeth,_Lady_Tanfield_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/British_School_17th_century_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady%2C_Called_Elizabeth%2C_Lady_Tanfield_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-British_School_17th_century_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady%2C_Called_Elizabeth%2C_Lady_Tanfield_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="354" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/British_School_17th_century_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady%2C_Called_Elizabeth%2C_Lady_Tanfield_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-British_School_17th_century_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady%2C_Called_Elizabeth%2C_Lady_Tanfield_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/British_School_17th_century_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady%2C_Called_Elizabeth%2C_Lady_Tanfield_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-British_School_17th_century_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady%2C_Called_Elizabeth%2C_Lady_Tanfield_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2175" data-file-height="3500" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/English_art" title="English art">British School</a> 17th century – <i>Portrait of a Lady, Called Elizabeth, Lady Tanfield</i>. Sometimes the meaning of an allegory can be lost, even if art historians suspect that the artwork is an allegory of some kind.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Allegory has an ability to freeze the temporality of a story, while infusing it with a spiritual context. Medieval thinking accepted allegory as having a <i>reality</i> underlying any rhetorical or fictional uses. The allegory was as true as the facts of surface appearances. Thus, the Papal Bull <i><a href="/wiki/Unam_Sanctam" class="mw-redirect" title="Unam Sanctam">Unam Sanctam</a></i> (1302) presents themes of the unity of <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">Christendom</a> with the pope as its head in which the allegorical details of the metaphors are adduced as facts on which is based a demonstration with the vocabulary of logic: "<i>Therefore</i> of this one and only Church there is one body and one head—not two heads as if it were a monster... If, then, the Greeks or others say that they were not committed to the care of Peter and his successors, they <i>necessarily</i> confess that they are not of the sheep of Christ." This text also demonstrates the frequent use of allegory in religious texts during the Medieval Period, following the tradition and example of the Bible. </p><p>In the late 15th century, the enigmatic <i><a href="/wiki/Hypnerotomachia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypnerotomachia">Hypnerotomachia</a></i>, with its elaborate woodcut illustrations, shows the influence of themed pageants and <a href="/wiki/Masque" title="Masque">masques</a> on contemporary allegorical representation, as <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_humanism" title="Renaissance humanism">humanist dialectic</a> conveyed them. </p><p>The denial of medieval allegory as found in the 12th-century works of <a href="/wiki/Hugh_of_St_Victor" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh of St Victor">Hugh of St Victor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_Topsell" title="Edward Topsell">Edward Topsell</a>'s <i>Historie of Foure-footed Beastes</i> (London, 1607, 1653) and its replacement in the study of nature with methods of categorisation and mathematics by such figures as naturalist <a href="/wiki/John_Ray" title="John Ray">John Ray</a> and the astronomer <a href="/wiki/Galileo" class="mw-redirect" title="Galileo">Galileo</a> is thought to mark the beginnings of early modern science.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_allegory">Modern allegory</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegory&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Modern allegory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since meaningful stories are nearly always applicable to larger issues, allegories may be read into many stories which the author may not have recognized. This is allegoresis, or the act of reading a story as an allegory. Examples of allegory in popular culture that may or may not have been intended include the works of <a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Bertolt Brecht</a>, and even some works of science fiction and fantasy, such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Chronicles_of_Narnia" title="The Chronicles of Narnia">The Chronicles of Narnia</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/C._S._Lewis" title="C. S. Lewis">C. S. Lewis</a>. </p><p>The story of the apple falling onto <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>'s head is another famous allegory. It simplified the idea of gravity by depicting a simple way it was supposedly discovered. It also made the scientific revelation well known by condensing the theory into a short tale.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poetry_and_fiction">Poetry and fiction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegory&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Poetry and fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Allegory_of_Arithmetic_-_detail.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Allegory_of_Arithmetic_-_detail.JPG/220px-Allegory_of_Arithmetic_-_detail.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Allegory_of_Arithmetic_-_detail.JPG/330px-Allegory_of_Arithmetic_-_detail.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Allegory_of_Arithmetic_-_detail.JPG/440px-Allegory_of_Arithmetic_-_detail.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Detail of <a href="/wiki/Laurent_de_La_Hyre" title="Laurent de La Hyre">Laurent de La Hyre</a>'s <i>Allegory of Arithmetic</i>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1650</span></figcaption></figure> <p>While allegoresis may make discovery of allegory in any work, not every resonant work of modern fiction is allegorical, and some are clearly not intended to be viewed this way. According to Henry Littlefield's 1964 article, <a href="/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">L. Frank Baum</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz" title="The Wonderful Wizard of Oz">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</a></i>, may be readily understood as a plot-driven fantasy narrative in an extended fable with talking animals and broadly sketched characters, intended to discuss the politics of the time.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yet, <a href="/wiki/George_MacDonald" title="George MacDonald">George MacDonald</a> emphasized in 1893 that "A fairy tale is not an allegory."<sup id="cite_ref-Baum2000_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baum2000-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien">J. R. R. Tolkien</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i> is another example of a well-known work mistakenly perceived as allegorical, as the author himself once stated, "...I cordially dislike allegory in all its manifestations, and always have done so since I grew old and wary enough to detect its presence. I much prefer history – true or feigned – with its varied applicability to the thought and experience of readers. I think that many confuse applicability with allegory, but one resides in the freedom of the reader, and the other in the purposed domination of the author."<sup id="cite_ref-BogstadKaveny2011_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BogstadKaveny2011-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tolkien specifically resented the suggestion that the book's <a href="/wiki/One_Ring" title="One Ring">One Ring</a>, which gives overwhelming power to those possessing it, was intended as an allegory of <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapons" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear weapons">nuclear weapons</a>. He noted that, had that been his intention, the book would not have ended with the Ring being destroyed but rather with an <a href="/wiki/Arms_race" title="Arms race">arms race</a> in which various powers would try to obtain such a Ring for themselves. Then Tolkien went on to outline an alternative plot for "Lord of The Rings", as it would have been written had such an allegory been intended, and which would have made the book into a <a href="/wiki/Dystopia" title="Dystopia">dystopia</a>. While all this does not mean Tolkien's works may not be treated as having allegorical themes, especially when reinterpreted through postmodern sensibilities, it at least suggests that none were conscious in his writings. This further reinforces the idea of forced allegoresis, as allegory is often a matter of interpretation and only sometimes of original artistic intention. </p><p>Like allegorical stories, allegorical poetry has two meanings – a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning. </p><p>Some unique specimens of allegory can be found in the following works: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Spenser" title="Edmund Spenser">Edmund Spenser</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Faerie_Queene" title="The Faerie Queene">The Faerie Queene</a></i>: The several knights in the poem actually stand for several virtues.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest" title="The Tempest">The Tempest</a></i>: an allegory of the civilisation/barbarism binary as it pertains to colonialism</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bunyan" title="John Bunyan">John Bunyan</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Pilgrim%27s_Progress" title="The Pilgrim's Progress">The Pilgrim's Progress</a></i>: The journey of the protagonists Christian and Evangelist symbolises the ascension of the soul from earth to Heaven.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Hawthorne" title="Nathaniel Hawthorne">Nathaniel Hawthorne</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Young_Goodman_Brown" title="Young Goodman Brown">Young Goodman Brown</a></i>: The Devil's Staff symbolises defiance of God. The characters' names, such as <i>Goodman</i> and <i>Faith</i>, ironically serve as paradox in the conclusion of the story.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Hawthorne" title="Nathaniel Hawthorne">Nathaniel Hawthorne</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Scarlet_Letter" title="The Scarlet Letter">The Scarlet Letter</a></i>: The letter represents self-reliance from America's Puritan and conformity.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Animal_Farm" title="Animal Farm">Animal Farm</a></i>: The pigs stand for political figures of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution" title="Russian Revolution">Russian Revolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3_Krasznahorkai" title="László Krasznahorkai">László Krasznahorkai</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Melancholy_of_Resistance" title="The Melancholy of Resistance">The Melancholy of Resistance</a></i> and the film <i><a href="/wiki/Werckmeister_Harmonies" title="Werckmeister Harmonies">Werckmeister Harmonies</a></i>: It uses a circus to describe an occupying dysfunctional government.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Poe" title="Edgar Allan Poe">Edgar Allan Poe</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Masque_of_the_Red_Death" title="The Masque of the Red Death">The Masque of the Red Death</a></i>: The story can be read as an allegory for humans' inability to escape death.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Arthur Miller</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Crucible" title="The Crucible">The Crucible</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Salem_witch_trials" title="Salem witch trials">Salem witch trials</a> are thought to be an allegory for <a href="/wiki/McCarthyism" title="McCarthyism">McCarthyism</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Blacklisting" title="Blacklisting">blacklisting</a> of <a href="/wiki/Communists" class="mw-redirect" title="Communists">Communists</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States of America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shel_Silverstein" title="Shel Silverstein">Shel Silverstein</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Giving_Tree" title="The Giving Tree">The Giving Tree</a></i>: The book has been described as an allegory about relationships; between parents and children, between romantic partners, or between humans and the environment.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art">Art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegory&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some elaborate and successful specimens of allegory are to be found in the following works, arranged in approximate chronological order: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambrogio_Lorenzetti" title="Ambrogio Lorenzetti">Ambrogio Lorenzetti</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Allegory_of_Good_and_Bad_Government" title="The Allegory of Good and Bad Government">Allegoria del Buono e Cattivo Governo e loro Effetti in Città e Campagna</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1338–1339</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandro_Botticelli" title="Sandro Botticelli">Sandro Botticelli</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Primavera_(Botticelli)" title="Primavera (Botticelli)">Primavera</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1482</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer" title="Albrecht Dürer">Albrecht Dürer</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Melencolia_I" title="Melencolia I">Melencolia I</a></i> (1514)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronzino" title="Bronzino">Bronzino</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Venus,_Cupid,_Folly_and_Time" title="Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time">Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1545</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_art" title="English art">The English School's</a> – <i>"Allegory of Queen Elizabeth"</i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1610</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemisia_Gentileschi" title="Artemisia Gentileschi">Artemisia Gentileschi</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Inclination" title="Allegory of Inclination">Allegory of Inclination</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1620</span>), <i>An Allegory of Peace and the Arts under the English Crown</i> (1638); <i><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_as_the_Allegory_of_Painting_(Artemisia_Gentileschi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-Portrait as the Allegory of Painting (Artemisia Gentileschi)">Self-Portrait as the Allegory of Painting</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1638–39</span>)</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_Herod_with_the_Beheading_of_St_John_the_Baptist" title="Feast of Herod with the Beheading of St John the Baptist">Feast of Herod with the Beheading of St John the Baptist</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Bartholomeus_Strobel" title="Bartholomeus Strobel">Bartholomeus Strobel</a> is also an allegory of Europe in the time of the <a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a>, with portraits of many leading political and military figures.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Vermeer" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan Vermeer">Jan Vermeer</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Painting" class="mw-redirect" title="Allegory of Painting">Allegory of Painting</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1666</span>)</li> <li>Fernand Le Quesne – <i><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fernand_Le_Quesne_-_All%C3%A9gorie_de_la_publicit%C3%A9.jpg" class="extiw" title="c:File:Fernand Le Quesne - Allégorie de la publicité.jpg">Allégorie de la publicité</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me" title="Jean-Léon Gérôme">Jean-Léon Gérôme</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Truth_Coming_Out_of_Her_Well" title="Truth Coming Out of Her Well">Truth Coming Out of Her Well</a></i> (1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graydon_Parrish" title="Graydon Parrish">Graydon Parrish</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cycle_of_Terror_and_Tragedy" title="The Cycle of Terror and Tragedy">The Cycle of Terror and Tragedy</a></i> (2006)</li> <li>Many statues of <a href="/wiki/Lady_Justice" title="Lady Justice">Lady Justice</a>: "Such visual representations have raised the question why so many allegories in the history of art, pertaining occupations once reserved for men only, are of female sex."<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damien_Hirst" title="Damien Hirst">Damien Hirst</a> <a href="/wiki/Verity_(sculpture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Verity (sculpture)"><i>Verity</i></a> (2012)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegory&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center" style="font-size:92%; line-height:130%"> <li class="gallerycaption">Allegorical Paintings of the 16th and 17th century</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Melencolia_I_(Durero).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Albrecht Dürer, Melencolia I (1514): Unused tools, an hourglass, an empty scale surrounds a female personification, with other esoteric and exoteric symbols."><img alt="Albrecht Dürer, Melencolia I (1514): Unused tools, an hourglass, an empty scale surrounds a female personification, with other esoteric and exoteric symbols." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Melencolia_I_%28Durero%29.jpg/134px-Melencolia_I_%28Durero%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Melencolia_I_%28Durero%29.jpg/202px-Melencolia_I_%28Durero%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Melencolia_I_%28Durero%29.jpg/269px-Melencolia_I_%28Durero%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="1455" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer" title="Albrecht Dürer">Albrecht Dürer</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Melencolia_I" title="Melencolia I">Melencolia I</a></i> (1514): Unused tools, an hourglass, an empty scale surrounds a female <a href="/wiki/Personification" title="Personification">personification</a>, with other esoteric and exoteric symbols.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Angelo_Bronzino_-_Venus,_Cupid,_Folly_and_Time_-_National_Gallery,_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bronzino, Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time (c. 1545): The deities of love are surrounded by personifications of (probably) Time (a bald, man with angry eyes), Folly (the young woman-demon on the right, possibly also so old woman on the left), and others."><img alt="Bronzino, Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time (c. 1545): The deities of love are surrounded by personifications of (probably) Time (a bald, man with angry eyes), Folly (the young woman-demon on the right, possibly also so old woman on the left), and others." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Angelo_Bronzino_-_Venus%2C_Cupid%2C_Folly_and_Time_-_National_Gallery%2C_London.jpg/135px-Angelo_Bronzino_-_Venus%2C_Cupid%2C_Folly_and_Time_-_National_Gallery%2C_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Angelo_Bronzino_-_Venus%2C_Cupid%2C_Folly_and_Time_-_National_Gallery%2C_London.jpg/202px-Angelo_Bronzino_-_Venus%2C_Cupid%2C_Folly_and_Time_-_National_Gallery%2C_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Angelo_Bronzino_-_Venus%2C_Cupid%2C_Folly_and_Time_-_National_Gallery%2C_London.jpg/269px-Angelo_Bronzino_-_Venus%2C_Cupid%2C_Folly_and_Time_-_National_Gallery%2C_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3349" data-file-height="4226" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bronzino" title="Bronzino">Bronzino</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Venus,_Cupid,_Folly_and_Time" title="Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time">Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1545</span>): The deities of love are surrounded by personifications of (probably) Time (a bald, man with angry eyes), Folly (the young woman-demon on the right, possibly also so old woman on the left), and others.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Titian_-_Allegorie_der_Zeit.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Titian, Allegory of Prudence (c.  1565–1570): The three human heads symbolise past, present and future, the characterisation of which is furthered by the triple-headed beast (wolf, lion, dog), girded by the body of a big snake."><img alt="Titian, Allegory of Prudence (c.  1565–1570): The three human heads symbolise past, present and future, the characterisation of which is furthered by the triple-headed beast (wolf, lion, dog), girded by the body of a big snake." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Titian_-_Allegorie_der_Zeit.jpg/152px-Titian_-_Allegorie_der_Zeit.jpg" decoding="async" width="152" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Titian_-_Allegorie_der_Zeit.jpg/228px-Titian_-_Allegorie_der_Zeit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Titian_-_Allegorie_der_Zeit.jpg/304px-Titian_-_Allegorie_der_Zeit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3782" data-file-height="4226" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Titian" title="Titian">Titian</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Prudence" title="Allegory of Prudence">Allegory of Prudence</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;">  1565–1570</span>): The three human heads symbolise past, present and future, the characterisation of which is furthered by the triple-headed beast (wolf, lion, dog), girded by the body of a big snake.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elizabeth-I-Allegorical-Po.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The English School's Allegory of Queen Elizabeth (c. 1610), with Father Time at her right and Death looking over her left shoulder. Two cherubs are removing the weighty crown from her tired head."><img alt="The English School's Allegory of Queen Elizabeth (c. 1610), with Father Time at her right and Death looking over her left shoulder. Two cherubs are removing the weighty crown from her tired head." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Elizabeth-I-Allegorical-Po.jpg/170px-Elizabeth-I-Allegorical-Po.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Elizabeth-I-Allegorical-Po.jpg/255px-Elizabeth-I-Allegorical-Po.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Elizabeth-I-Allegorical-Po.jpg/340px-Elizabeth-I-Allegorical-Po.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/English_art" title="English art">The English School's</a> <i>Allegory of Queen Elizabeth</i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1610</span>), with <a href="/wiki/Father_Time" title="Father Time">Father Time</a> at her right and <a href="/wiki/The_Grim_Reaper" class="mw-redirect" title="The Grim Reaper">Death</a> looking over her left shoulder. Two cherubs are removing the weighty crown from her tired head.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Self-Portrait_as_the_Allegory_of_Painting_(La_Pittura)_-_Artemisia_Gentileschi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Artemisia Gentileschi, Self-Portrait as the Allegory of Painting (c. 1638–39)"><img alt="Artemisia Gentileschi, Self-Portrait as the Allegory of Painting (c. 1638–39)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Self-Portrait_as_the_Allegory_of_Painting_%28La_Pittura%29_-_Artemisia_Gentileschi.jpg/129px-Self-Portrait_as_the_Allegory_of_Painting_%28La_Pittura%29_-_Artemisia_Gentileschi.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Self-Portrait_as_the_Allegory_of_Painting_%28La_Pittura%29_-_Artemisia_Gentileschi.jpg/193px-Self-Portrait_as_the_Allegory_of_Painting_%28La_Pittura%29_-_Artemisia_Gentileschi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Self-Portrait_as_the_Allegory_of_Painting_%28La_Pittura%29_-_Artemisia_Gentileschi.jpg/257px-Self-Portrait_as_the_Allegory_of_Painting_%28La_Pittura%29_-_Artemisia_Gentileschi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="34035" data-file-height="44945" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Artemisia_Gentileschi" title="Artemisia Gentileschi">Artemisia Gentileschi</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_as_the_Allegory_of_Painting_(Artemisia_Gentileschi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-Portrait as the Allegory of Painting (Artemisia Gentileschi)">Self-Portrait as the Allegory of Painting</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1638–39</span>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jan_Vermeer_-_The_Art_of_Painting_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jan Vermeer, The Art of Painting (c. 1666): Painting is shown as related to history and politics, the young woman being Clio, the muse of history, and other symbols for the political and religious division of the Netherlands appearing."><img alt="Jan Vermeer, The Art of Painting (c. 1666): Painting is shown as related to history and politics, the young woman being Clio, the muse of history, and other symbols for the political and religious division of the Netherlands appearing." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Jan_Vermeer_-_The_Art_of_Painting_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/143px-Jan_Vermeer_-_The_Art_of_Painting_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="143" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Jan_Vermeer_-_The_Art_of_Painting_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/215px-Jan_Vermeer_-_The_Art_of_Painting_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Jan_Vermeer_-_The_Art_of_Painting_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/286px-Jan_Vermeer_-_The_Art_of_Painting_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6209" data-file-height="7377" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jan_Vermeer" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan Vermeer">Jan Vermeer</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Art_of_Painting" title="The Art of Painting">The Art of Painting</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1666</span>): Painting is shown as related to history and politics, the young woman being Clio, the muse of history, and other symbols for the political and religious division of the Netherlands appearing.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kessel,_Jan_van_Sr._-_Allegory_of_Hearing.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Jan van Kessel, Allegory of Hearing (17th century): Diverse sources of sound, especially instruments serve as allegorical symbols."><img alt="Jan van Kessel, Allegory of Hearing (17th century): Diverse sources of sound, especially instruments serve as allegorical symbols." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Kessel%2C_Jan_van_Sr._-_Allegory_of_Hearing.JPG/170px-Kessel%2C_Jan_van_Sr._-_Allegory_of_Hearing.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Kessel%2C_Jan_van_Sr._-_Allegory_of_Hearing.JPG/255px-Kessel%2C_Jan_van_Sr._-_Allegory_of_Hearing.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Kessel%2C_Jan_van_Sr._-_Allegory_of_Hearing.JPG/340px-Kessel%2C_Jan_van_Sr._-_Allegory_of_Hearing.JPG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="443" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jan_van_Kessel,_senior" class="mw-redirect" title="Jan van Kessel, senior">Jan van Kessel</a>, <i>Allegory of Hearing</i> (17th century): Diverse sources of sound, especially instruments serve as allegorical symbols.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:August_bouttats-espa%C3%B1a_triunfante.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flemish August Bouttats, Allegory of Triumphant Spain with immaculist banner, c. 1682, cover of Triumphant Spain and the laureate church all over the world by the patronage of Holy Mary, Collection: Hispanic Society of America"><img alt="Flemish August Bouttats, Allegory of Triumphant Spain with immaculist banner, c. 1682, cover of Triumphant Spain and the laureate church all over the world by the patronage of Holy Mary, Collection: Hispanic Society of America" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/August_bouttats-espa%C3%B1a_triunfante.jpg/114px-August_bouttats-espa%C3%B1a_triunfante.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/August_bouttats-espa%C3%B1a_triunfante.jpg/171px-August_bouttats-espa%C3%B1a_triunfante.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/August_bouttats-espa%C3%B1a_triunfante.jpg/228px-August_bouttats-espa%C3%B1a_triunfante.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1429" data-file-height="2134" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flemish <a href="/w/index.php?title=August_Bouttats&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="August Bouttats (page does not exist)">August Bouttats</a>, <i>Allegory of Triumphant Spain with immaculist banner</i>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1682</span>, cover of <i>Triumphant Spain and the laureate church all over the world by the patronage of Holy Mary</i>, Collection: <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_Society_of_America" title="Hispanic Society of America">Hispanic Society of America</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegory&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegorical_interpretations_of_Plato" title="Allegorical interpretations of Plato">Allegorical interpretations of Plato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allegorical_interpretation_of_the_Bible" title="Allegorical interpretation of the Bible">Allegorical interpretation of the Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allegory_in_Renaissance_literature" title="Allegory in Renaissance literature">Allegory in Renaissance literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allegorical_sculpture" title="Allegorical sculpture">Allegorical sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Cultural depictions of Philip II of Spain">Cultural depictions of Philip II of Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwan_(poetry)" title="Diwan (poetry)">Diwan (poetry)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a> ("a system of morality veiled in allegory and illustrated by symbols.")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parable" title="Parable">Parable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiotics" title="Semiotics">Semiotics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theagenes_of_Rhegium" title="Theagenes of Rhegium">Theagenes of Rhegium</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegory&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-barney-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-barney_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen A. Barney (1989). "Allegory". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_the_Middle_Ages" title="Dictionary of the Middle Ages">Dictionary of the Middle Ages</a></i>. vol. 1. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-684-16760-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-684-16760-3">0-684-16760-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWheeler2018" class="citation web cs1">Wheeler, L. Kip (11 January 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/lit_terms_A.html">"Literary Terms and Definitions: A"</a>. <i>Literary Vocabulary</i>. Carson-Newman University<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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De Gruyter. p. XIX. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2F9783110516371">10.1515/9783110516371</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-051637-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-051637-1"><bdi>978-3-11-051637-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/books/9783110516371/9783110516371-003/9783110516371-003.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2022-10-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Commentary+on+the+Gospels%3A+English+translation+and+introduction&rft.pages=XIX&rft.pub=De+Gruyter&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2F9783110516371&rft.isbn=978-3-11-051637-1&rft.au=Fortunatianus+Aquileiensis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.degruyter.com%2Fdownloadpdf%2Fbooks%2F9783110516371%2F9783110516371-003%2F9783110516371-003.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllegory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artfund.org/supporting-museums/art-weve-helped-buy/artwork/6393/portrait-of-a-lady-called-elizabeth-lady-tanfield-english-school">"Portrait of a Lady, Called Elizabeth, Lady Tanfield by Unknown Artist"</a>. <i>ArtFund.org</i>. 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"Introduction". <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bibleprotestanti00harr"><i>The Bible, Protestantism, and the Rise of Natural Science</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bibleprotestanti00harr/page/n13">1</a>–10. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-59196-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-59196-1"><bdi>0-521-59196-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Introduction&rft.btitle=The+Bible%2C+Protestantism%2C+and+the+Rise+of+Natural+Science&rft.pages=1-10&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-521-59196-1&rft.aulast=Harrison&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbibleprotestanti00harr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllegory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newtonproject.ox.ac.uk/view/texts/normalized/OTHE00001">"Revised Memoir of Newton (Normalized Version)"</a>. <i>The Newton Project</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Newton+Project&rft.atitle=Revised+Memoir+of+Newton+%28Normalized+Version%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newtonproject.ox.ac.uk%2Fview%2Ftexts%2Fnormalized%2FOTHE00001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllegory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Littlefield, Henry (1964). "The Wizard of Oz: Parable on Populism". <i>American Quarterly</i>, 16 (1): 47–58. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2710826">10.2307/2710826</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Baum2000-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Baum2000_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaum2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/L._Frank_Baum" title="L. Frank Baum">Baum, L. Frank</a> (2000). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/annotatedwizardo0000baum"><i>The Annotated Wizard of Oz: The Wonderful Wizard of Oz</i></a></span>. Norton. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/annotatedwizardo0000baum/page/101">101</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-04992-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-04992-3"><bdi>978-0-393-04992-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Annotated+Wizard+of+Oz%3A+The+Wonderful+Wizard+of+Oz&rft.pages=101&rft.pub=Norton&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-393-04992-3&rft.aulast=Baum&rft.aufirst=L.+Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fannotatedwizardo0000baum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllegory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BogstadKaveny2011-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BogstadKaveny2011_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBogstadKaveny2011" class="citation book cs1">Bogstad, Janice M.; Kaveny, Philip E., eds. (9 August 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jNjKrXRP0G8C&pg=PA189"><i>Picturing Tolkien:Essays on Peter Jackson's </i>The Lord of the Rings<i> Film Trilogy</i></a>. McFarland. p. 189. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-8473-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-8473-7"><bdi>978-0-7864-8473-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Picturing+Tolkien%3AEssays+on+Peter+Jackson%27s+The+Lord+of+the+Rings+Film+Trilogy&rft.pages=189&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2011-08-09&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-8473-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjNjKrXRP0G8C%26pg%3DPA189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllegory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Faerie-Queene">"The Faerie Queene | work by Spenser"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=The+Faerie+Queene+%7C+work+by+Spenser&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FThe-Faerie-Queene&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllegory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Scarlet-Letter-novel-by-Hawthorne">"The Scarlet Letter | Summary, Analysis, Characters, & Facts"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=The+Scarlet+Letter+%7C+Summary%2C+Analysis%2C+Characters%2C+%26+Facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FThe-Scarlet-Letter-novel-by-Hawthorne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllegory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wcregisteronline.com/2020/10/12/animal-farm-andy-serkis-directed-adaptation-of-george-orwells-allegory-acquired-by-netflix/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Animal Farm': Andy Serkis-directed adaptation of George Orwell's allegory acquired by Netflix – Wonderfully Curated News"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Animal+Farm%27%3A+Andy+Serkis-directed+adaptation+of+George+Orwell%27s+allegory+acquired+by+Netflix+%E2%80%93+Wonderfully+Curated+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwcregisteronline.com%2F2020%2F10%2F12%2Fanimal-farm-andy-serkis-directed-adaptation-of-george-orwells-allegory-acquired-by-netflix%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllegory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomm2017" class="citation web cs1">Romm, Jake (2017-04-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thenewinquiry.com/misery-loves-company/">"Misery Loves Company"</a>. <i>The New Inquiry</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+Inquiry&rft.atitle=Misery+Loves+Company&rft.date=2017-04-26&rft.aulast=Romm&rft.aufirst=Jake&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthenewinquiry.com%2Fmisery-loves-company%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllegory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roppolo, Joseph Patrick. "Meaning and 'The Masque of the Red Death'", collected in Poe: A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by Robert Regan. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1967. p. 137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSullivan2020" class="citation web cs1">Sullivan, James (October 2, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bostonglobe.com/2020/10/02/metro/what-really-made-salem-witch-city/">"What really made Salem the Witch City – The Boston Globe"</a>. <i>BostonGlobe.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BostonGlobe.com&rft.atitle=What+really+made+Salem+the+Witch+City+%E2%80%93+The+Boston+Globe&rft.date=2020-10-02&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonglobe.com%2F2020%2F10%2F02%2Fmetro%2Fwhat-really-made-salem-witch-city%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllegory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A4cilia_Rentmeister" title="Cäcilia Rentmeister">Cäcilia Rentmeister</a>: The Muses, Banned From Their Occupations: Why Are There So Many Allegories Female? <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cillie-rentmeister.de/themen/english/">English summary from Kvinnovetenskaplig Tidskrift, Nr.4. 1981, Lund, Sweden as PDF. Retrieved 10.July 2011</a> Original Version in German: <i>Berufsverbot für die Musen. Warum sind so viele Allegorien weiblich?</i> In: Ästhetik und Kommunikation, Nr. 25/1976, S. 92–112. Langfassung in: Frauen und Wissenschaft. Beiträge zur Berliner Sommeruniversität für Frauen, Juli 1976, Berlin 1977, S.258–297. With illustrations. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cillie-rentmeister.de/berufsverbot-fuer-die-musen/">Full Texts Online: Cäcilia (Cillie) Rentmeister: publications</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegory&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Frye" title="Northrop Frye">Frye, Northrop</a> (1957) <i><a href="/wiki/Anatomy_of_Criticism" title="Anatomy of Criticism">Anatomy of Criticism</a></i>.</li> <li>Fletcher, Angus (1964) <i>Allegory: The Theory of a Symbolic Mode</i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Foucault" title="Michel Foucault">Foucault, Michel</a> (1966) <i><a href="/wiki/The_Order_of_Things" title="The Order of Things">The Order of Things</a></i>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJain1919" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Champat_Rai_Jain" title="Champat Rai Jain">Jain, Champat Rai</a> (1919). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/keyofknowledge"><i>The Key Of Knowledge</i></a> (Second ed.). Allahabad: The Central Jaina Publishing House<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2015</span> – via Internet Archive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Key+Of+Knowledge&rft.place=Allahabad&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=The+Central+Jaina+Publishing+House&rft.date=1919&rft.aulast=Jain&rft.aufirst=Champat+Rai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkeyofknowledge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllegory" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchwarcz1998" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Schwarcz, Lilia Moritz (1998). <i>As barbas do imperador: D. Pedro II, um monarca nos trópicos</i> (in Portuguese). São Paulo: Companhia das Letras. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/85-7164-837-9" title="Special:BookSources/85-7164-837-9"><bdi>85-7164-837-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=As+barbas+do+imperador%3A+D.+Pedro+II%2C+um+monarca+nos+tr%C3%B3picos&rft.place=S%C3%A3o+Paulo&rft.pub=Companhia+das+Letras&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=85-7164-837-9&rft.aulast=Schwarcz&rft.aufirst=Lilia+Moritz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllegory" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allegory&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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title="wiktionary:Allegories">Allegories</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xtf.lib.virginia.edu/xtf/view?docId=DicHist/uvaBook/tei/DicHist1.xml;chunk.id=dv1-07;toc.depth=1;toc.id=dv1-07;brand=default;query=allegory#1"><i>Dictionary of the History of Ideas</i>:</a> Allegory in Literary history</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/ElAnt/V1N5/levis.html"><i>Electronic Antiquity</i>, Richard Levis, "Allegory and the <i>Eclogues</i>"</a> Roman definitions of <i>allegoria</i> and interpreting Vergil's <i><a href="/wiki/Eclogue" title="Eclogue">Eclogues</a></i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://liberalarts.oregonstate.edu/wlf/what-allegory"><i>What is an Allegory?</i></a> Introduction to Allegory</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrative" title="Template:Narrative"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Narrative" title="Template talk:Narrative"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Narrative" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Narrative"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Narrative321" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Narrative" title="Narrative">Narrative</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Character_(arts)" title="Character (arts)">Character</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antagonist" title="Antagonist">Antagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archenemy" title="Archenemy">Archenemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_arc" title="Character arc">Character arc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_flaw" title="Character flaw">Character flaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Characterization" title="Characterization">Characterization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confidant" title="Confidant">Confidant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deuteragonist" title="Deuteragonist">Deuteragonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_protagonist" title="False protagonist">False protagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focal_character" title="Focal character">Focal character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foil_(narrative)" title="Foil (narrative)">Foil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_double" title="Gothic double">Gothic double</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hamartia" title="Hamartia">Hamartia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hero" title="Hero">Hero</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antihero" title="Antihero">Anti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byronic_hero" title="Byronic hero">Byronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragic_hero" title="Tragic hero">Tragic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narration" title="Narration">Narrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protagonist" title="Protagonist">Protagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_character" title="Stock character">Stock character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_man" title="Straight man">Straight man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supporting_character" title="Supporting character">Supporting character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Title_character" title="Title character">Title character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritagonist" title="Tritagonist">Tritagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villain" title="Villain">Villain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plot_(narrative)" title="Plot (narrative)">Plot</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ab_ovo" title="Ab ovo">Ab ovo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_(narrative)" title="Action (narrative)">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstory" title="Backstory">Backstory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Origin_story" title="Origin story">Origin story</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chekhov%27s_gun" title="Chekhov's gun">Chekhov's gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clich%C3%A9" title="Cliché">Cliché</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliffhanger" title="Cliffhanger">Cliffhanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_(narrative)" title="Conflict (narrative)">Conflict</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deus_ex_machina" title="Deus ex machina">Deus ex machina</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialogue_in_writing" title="Dialogue in writing">Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">Dramatic structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucatastrophe" title="Eucatastrophe">Eucatastrophe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreshadowing" title="Foreshadowing">Foreshadowing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flashback_(narrative)" title="Flashback (narrative)">Flashback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flashforward" title="Flashforward">Flashforward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frame_story" title="Frame story">Frame story</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_medias_res" title="In medias res">In medias res</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kish%C5%8Dtenketsu" title="Kishōtenketsu">Kishōtenketsu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacGuffin" title="MacGuffin">MacGuffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pace_(narrative)" title="Pace (narrative)">Pace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plot_device" title="Plot device">Plot device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plot_twist" title="Plot twist">Plot twist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetic_justice" title="Poetic justice">Poetic justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_herring" title="Red herring">Red herring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reveal_(narrative)" title="Reveal (narrative)">Reveal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-insertion" title="Self-insertion">Self-insertion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaggy_dog_story" title="Shaggy dog story">Shaggy dog story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereotype" title="Stereotype">Stereotype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_arc" title="Story arc">Story arc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_within_a_story" title="Story within a story">Story within a story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subplot" title="Subplot">Subplot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspense" title="Suspense">Suspense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trope_(literature)" title="Trope (literature)">Trope</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Setting_(narrative)" title="Setting (narrative)">Setting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternate_history" title="Alternate history">Alternate history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstory" title="Backstory">Backstory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_(fiction)" title="Crossover (fiction)">Crossover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dream_world_(plot_device)" title="Dream world (plot device)">Dreamworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dystopia" title="Dystopia">Dystopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_location" title="Fictional location">Fictional location</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Fictional city">city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_country" title="Fictional country">country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_universe" title="Fictional universe">universe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_universes_in_fiction" title="Parallel universes in fiction">parallel</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopia" title="Utopia">Utopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldbuilding" title="Worldbuilding">Worldbuilding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theme_(narrative)" title="Theme (narrative)">Theme</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">Irony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leitmotif" title="Leitmotif">Leitmotif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaphor" title="Metaphor">Metaphor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral" title="Moral">Moral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_development" title="Moral development">Moral development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motif_(narrative)" title="Motif (narrative)">Motif</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deal_with_the_Devil" title="Deal with the Devil">Deal with the Devil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_and_evil" title="Good and evil">Conflict between good and evil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-fulfilling_prophecy" title="Self-fulfilling prophecy">Self-fulfilling prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_travel" title="Time travel">Time travel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Writing_style" title="Writing style">Style</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Allegory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathos" title="Bathos">Bathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_relief" title="Comic relief">Comic relief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diction" title="Diction">Diction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figure_of_speech" title="Figure of speech">Figure of speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagery" title="Imagery">Imagery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mode_(literature)" title="Mode (literature)">Mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mood_(literature)" title="Mood (literature)">Mood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narration" title="Narration">Narration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_narrative_techniques" title="List of narrative techniques">Narrative techniques</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_hook" title="Narrative hook">Hook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Show,_don%27t_tell" title="Show, don't tell">Show, don't tell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stylistic_device" title="Stylistic device">Stylistic device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspension_of_disbelief" title="Suspension of disbelief">Suspension of disbelief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbolism_(arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbolism (arts)">Symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tone_(literature)" title="Tone (literature)">Tone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">Structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Act_(drama)" title="Act (drama)">Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">Act structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-act_structure" title="Three-act structure">Three-act structure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freytag%27s_Pyramid" class="mw-redirect" title="Freytag's Pyramid">Freytag's Pyramid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exposition_(narrative)" title="Exposition (narrative)">Exposition</a>/<a href="/wiki/Protasis" title="Protasis">Protasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epitasis" title="Epitasis">Rising action/Epitasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climax_(narrative)" title="Climax (narrative)">Climax</a>/<a href="/wiki/Peripeteia" title="Peripeteia">Peripeteia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catastasis" title="Catastasis">Falling action/Catastasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catastrophe_(drama)" title="Catastrophe (drama)">Denouement/Catastrophe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrative structure">Linear narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonlinear_narrative" title="Nonlinear narrative">Nonlinear narrative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nonlinear_narrative_films" title="List of nonlinear narrative films">films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nonlinear_narrative_television_series" title="List of nonlinear narrative television series">television series</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premise_(narrative)" title="Premise (narrative)">Premise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_fiction_with_multiple_endings" title="Types of fiction with multiple endings">Types of fiction with multiple endings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_narrative_forms" title="List of narrative forms">Form</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">Drama</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fabliau" title="Fabliau">Fabliau</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_fiction" title="Flash fiction">Flash fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">Folklore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fable" title="Fable">Fable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_tale" title="Fairy tale">Fairy tale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legend" title="Legend">Legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myth" title="Myth">Myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tall_tale" title="Tall tale">Tall tale</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamebook" title="Gamebook">Gamebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_art" title="Narrative art">Narrative art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_poetry" title="Narrative poetry">Narrative poetry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">Epic poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novella" title="Novella">Novella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parable" title="Parable">Parable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_story" title="Short story">Short story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vignette_(literature)" title="Vignette (literature)">Vignette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Literary_genre" title="Literary genre">Genre</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_writing_genres" title="List of writing genres">List</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiction" title="Fiction">Fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_fiction" title="Action fiction">Action fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_fiction" title="Adventure fiction">Adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_novel" title="Comic novel">Comic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_fiction" title="Crime fiction">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docufiction" title="Docufiction">Docu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistolary_novel" title="Epistolary novel">Epistolary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ergodic_literature" title="Ergodic literature">Ergodic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_literature" title="Erotic literature">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fiction" title="Historical fiction">Historical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_fiction" title="Western fiction">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_fiction" title="Mystery fiction">Mystery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautical_fiction" title="Nautical fiction">Nautical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranoid_fiction" title="Paranoid fiction">Paranoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophical_fiction" title="Philosophical fiction">Philosophical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picaresque_novel" title="Picaresque novel">Picaresque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_fiction" title="Political fiction">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_culture_fiction" title="Pop culture fiction">Pop culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_fiction" title="Psychological fiction">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inspirational_fiction" title="Inspirational fiction">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogue_literature" title="Rogue literature">Rogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_novel" title="Romance novel">Romance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chivalric_romance" title="Chivalric romance">Chivalric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(prose_fiction)" title="Romance (prose fiction)">Prose</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saga" title="Saga">Saga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speculative_fiction" title="Speculative fiction">Speculative fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_fiction" title="Gothic fiction">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Gothic" title="Southern Gothic">Southern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_fiction" title="Horror fiction">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">Magic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">Science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hard_science_fiction" title="Hard science fiction">Hard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_and_dystopian_fiction" title="Utopian and dystopian fiction">Utopian and dystopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_underwater_science_fiction_works" title="List of underwater science fiction works">Underwater</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_fiction" title="Superhero fiction">Superhero</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theological_fiction" title="Theological fiction">Theological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_(genre)" title="Thriller (genre)">Thriller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_fiction" title="Urban fiction">Urban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonfiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonfiction">Nonfiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autobiography" title="Autobiography">Autobiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biography" title="Biography">Biography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-fiction_novel" title="Non-fiction novel">Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creative_nonfiction" title="Creative nonfiction">Creative</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Narration" title="Narration">Narration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diegesis" title="Diegesis">Diegesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First-person_narrative" title="First-person narrative">First-person</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second-person_narrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Second-person narrative">Second-person</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-person_narrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Third-person narrative">Third-person</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third-person_omniscient_narrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Third-person omniscient narrative">Third-person omniscient narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narration#Subjective_or_objective" title="Narration">Subjectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unreliable_narrator" title="Unreliable narrator">Unreliable narrator</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiperspectivity" title="Multiperspectivity">Multiple narrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stream_of_consciousness" title="Stream of consciousness">Stream of consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stream_of_unconsciousness" title="Stream of unconsciousness">Stream of unconsciousness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grammatical_tense" title="Grammatical tense">Tense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Past_tense" title="Past tense">Past</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Present_tense" title="Present tense">Present</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_tense" title="Future tense">Future</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominant_narrative" title="Dominant narrative">Dominant narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiction_writing" title="Fiction writing">Fiction writing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continuity_(fiction)" title="Continuity (fiction)">Continuity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canon_(fiction)" title="Canon (fiction)">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reboot_(fiction)" title="Reboot (fiction)">Reboot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retroactive_continuity" title="Retroactive continuity">Retcon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_novel" title="Parallel novel">Parallel novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prequel" title="Prequel">Prequel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sequel" title="Sequel">Sequel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genre" title="Genre">Genre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_genres" title="List of genres">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_criticism" title="Literary criticism">Literary science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_theory" title="Literary theory">Literary theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_identity" title="Narrative identity">Narrative identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_paradigm" title="Narrative paradigm">Narrative paradigm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_therapy" title="Narrative therapy">Narrative therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narratology" title="Narratology">Narratology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metafiction" title="Metafiction">Metafiction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_narrative" title="Political narrative">Political narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhetoric" title="Rhetoric">Rhetoric</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_rhetorical_terms" title="Glossary of rhetorical terms">Glossary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenwriting" title="Screenwriting">Screenwriting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Works_series" title="Template:Works series">Series of works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storytelling" title="Storytelling">Storytelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tellability" title="Tellability">Tellability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verisimilitude_(fiction)" title="Verisimilitude (fiction)">Verisimilitude</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Figures_of_speech96" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Figures_of_speech" title="Template:Figures of speech"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Figures_of_speech" title="Template talk:Figures of speech"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Figures_of_speech" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Figures of speech"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Figures_of_speech96" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Figure_of_speech" title="Figure of speech">Figures of speech</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scheme_(rhetoric)" title="Scheme (rhetoric)">Schemes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliteration" title="Alliteration">Alliteration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anadiplosis" title="Anadiplosis">Anadiplosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_(rhetoric)" title="Anaphora (rhetoric)">Anaphora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antimetabole" title="Antimetabole">Antimetabole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antithesis" title="Antithesis">Antithesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aposiopesis" title="Aposiopesis">Aposiopesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assonance" title="Assonance">Assonance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asyndeton" title="Asyndeton">Asyndeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiasmus" title="Chiasmus">Chiasmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climax_(rhetoric)" title="Climax (rhetoric)">Climax</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climax_(rhetoric)#Anticlimax" title="Climax (rhetoric)">Anti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_consonance" title="Literary consonance">Consonance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epanalepsis" class="mw-redirect" title="Epanalepsis">Epanalepsis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiphrase" title="Epiphrase">Epiphrase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistrophe" title="Epistrophe">Epistrophe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epizeuxis" title="Epizeuxis">Epizeuxis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendiadys" title="Hendiadys">Hendiadys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeoteleuton" title="Homeoteleuton">Homeoteleuton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypallage" title="Hypallage">Hypallage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperbaton" title="Hyperbaton">Hyperbaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hysteron_proteron" title="Hysteron proteron">Hysteron proteron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isocolon" title="Isocolon">Isocolon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallelism_(rhetoric)" title="Parallelism (rhetoric)">Parallelism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyptoton" title="Polyptoton">Polyptoton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polysyndeton" title="Polysyndeton">Polysyndeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoonerism" title="Spoonerism">Spoonerism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symploce" title="Symploce">Symploce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tmesis" title="Tmesis">Tmesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeugma_and_syllepsis" title="Zeugma and syllepsis">Zeugma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trope_(literature)" title="Trope (literature)">Tropes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Allegory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allusion" title="Allusion">Allusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiphrasis" title="Antiphrasis">Antiphrasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonomasia" title="Antonomasia">Antonomasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aphorism" title="Aphorism">Aphorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostrophe_(figure_of_speech)" title="Apostrophe (figure of speech)">Apostrophe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catachresis" title="Catachresis">Catachresis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecphonesis" title="Ecphonesis">Ecphonesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekphrasis" title="Ekphrasis">Ekphrasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epanorthosis" title="Epanorthosis">Epanorthosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperbole" title="Hyperbole">Hyperbole</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adynaton" title="Adynaton">Adynaton</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysphemism" title="Dysphemism">Dysphemism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphemism" title="Euphemism">Euphemism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meiosis_(figure_of_speech)" title="Meiosis (figure of speech)">Meiosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innuendo" title="Innuendo">Innuendo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">Irony</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apophasis" title="Apophasis">Apophasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarcasm" title="Sarcasm">Sarcasm</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litotes" title="Litotes">Litotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaphor" title="Metaphor">Metaphor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metonymy" title="Metonymy">Metonymy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxymoron" title="Oxymoron">Oxymoron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onomatopoeia" title="Onomatopoeia">Onomatopoeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personification" title="Personification">Personification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleonasm" title="Pleonasm">Pleonasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procatalepsis" title="Procatalepsis">Procatalepsis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pun" title="Pun">Pun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antanaclasis" title="Antanaclasis">Antanaclasis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhetorical_question" title="Rhetorical question">Rhetorical question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simile" title="Simile">Simile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synecdoche" title="Synecdoche">Synecdoche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tautology_(language)" title="Tautology (language)">Tautology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18535#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1822" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18535#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1822" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18535#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4001236-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Allegory"><a rel="nofollow" class="external 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