CINXE.COM
Just a moment...
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913416454f9afd37',cH: 'Y6M5PiegNGB6xcjuCSbHGN.RfHtf6eKP7ktWeS.BDL0-1739777582-1.2.1.1-gbIonjK9o8neKx2AvQ5XqZUGp3wzwprPbgNzbbsgBCblvBEssg1pcRXXXIiAZrnu',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Chao%20R.%20Chen&__cf_chl_tk=tzdyB.JmUNF5nXLDEV98IGXT72J.gW.xqVKBigp6ow8-1739777582-1.0.1.1-8HluaWxJWKImwViM3uHeCO1b4KNWmGviIHrQ2DBeHDM",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739777582',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Chao%20R.%20Chen&__cf_chl_f_tk=tzdyB.JmUNF5nXLDEV98IGXT72J.gW.xqVKBigp6ow8-1739777582-1.0.1.1-8HluaWxJWKImwViM3uHeCO1b4KNWmGviIHrQ2DBeHDM",md: "upxo8qZ5hiXsd3zwOgsDheElWTR3R6u7o8d_MUlbn60-1739777582-1.2.1.1-T9UB6gnc2bi5cSNWtIZbPfZB1pW3OoKFKIHHikz_qidi7GS2jcCMbrFj1P0deWM_tntYLWSIb26_d6nb8IcXW3QTQMIL.hqkz0whpM3koDhWt_kmircu0Kj8_4hTYnLSkAZB5O5MNGg1RKIBJqfAG1NLzQWsj3w0zks7p4Qcw26TwxgDaM1LXNFpwyVqHGMxXXrbjlFpqKFA0L7GIapH7zccoL0UGt19xKNDLRowFEVBcXR0JK1jslOSUFa1N8S8vYfC4l6yaZQqWsw.6OHAtzHKSpW_vbAK4oI3DMRkdKMNLk1CcwEDyGiFTsV7LpT2_vuxnN4XUv5N0UAVAFt6GfOPKcugoXbjLuv4AdkvnEjOFskj9apsAvXtPf27safj.f.UKSmtkQGFhIoOLHlJsoEe0j8WToKr5oonywbsw6wDNmDDnp2jqIoH9UG6XlDU1i4n6EQ2Di6YAIbApc9liKb07SLJOBkFhQoxs9FypfkG_BKFh_OrVuYy51ci7sEBJ_VYiNUHYN69lVlH3gc57rxNzNJ1KHsDMdwK_fAURhojRPFhsle9rJ5kDeEdysNe9z4QvSFeUI7IZ3O9itdrpnG74cjDyCCPzxvywZZ4OD4W55FXJ_qG0kZnBL_8fVUagPlq30hwgRhI2k8wZVBX9bTeTWghypeBF0olImbb8NgrmrSHI54f75GLvPjlaDwoRyC5H5xT8ZcQbifuCC0XIo5837JE7r6.e2zSOaEtmxJD6BT3Ye2dJeCbDV4W0lmMgwGIzFY.MCHv8HF2d05eV2X1.E2Va69IWL9OKdD2.7VVhMInzDZ1_b1evXPkW7yXlPYov9gEa52luPozMJ0dv3LHrvHUmKPm9j4NfQmgpau_uMQ4VXyDv16aWWCWjEUkhZNRswxkX.8quP252MFg1w4rnHyv_fwL0BYg0u1ktVsV5Eu7G4bKs8iqlJd7btrsYk6NYaLWcFBhgPP9ZXkG69q_HNX.OedAQM1g_5ijTrk5nF3o6OcexzXC8rXRXHsMKCEcZv0YDqYlRHeDALhLZxbTG4CVqAF2kwxZwWlrrT0MQNzloAszQ4PzzB56EHv9JaoK1JeVEsMd2iShyYZ.VRK.1iu59wuSdVnrTg8Os1nXXUoek4Vytb6wOBsz3zmywNddyGbp72Cvv5CkHBMPbA0dljb7bkLkASi6Jz3qWO1hcdtm.j9j2gxbgxI5zgT9NTJRtQtr.MbdXA3ra5EfC4J15ZPn2vKQNU7WQV3U9XvbQR2X4cDpyIfhTuK_5U.2r1wvi3eM2zti7g7yiuluciBc7G2TGiNv2tsRd650kU.9z5mInRPrVFipdFzblKskIT0pjAX0HhXluiSjnzAZxG5Des4tD5fvlNOae1oGhpc0B7zgtsyNRbEZKgks6EC_mj.DkUwFJVZFvFzXGKNDEMuZN6U34fzdxDkjVlpu_g8BfkX.dSL8NEXaOEHvjlOwyVOKewgNR8eWGKdx_RaLxkO7c95GV00hrTUJ1ZqZz9HhOeE4Bel8HG.O7owEMjrMretx9wo4FqPDig3P7.QnHS2IOIMHT3bcSk1uMtdw68GLAiZN0qRpgf.kUuXhAuup.qbn1nMZDVPk7pbNn4XEG3yK02ZRsnhemsGg_iZoV3nrphFRaPrIZg74hYeqLTqojPazN079Y7U5tKZt56zwFBIcgkR4.ITw.1Eog7ZhWPR4TJBEXbYZDBij0JOqWPoFAd25eZowOvd9CYvsvP5JxCeeq1UVcAI4.Ad8LwvTc.aKLZTAz8.9ZxAIB7Y0YOYrXw8WkJHiQf.WcGXvT7Zgwfy7xvMJga2wKQgjkvQSgylkJ5Sitd3YBd649.oQcKyYVDqcgXHdVfF1zSjpqQcF3JfWnPv8SCzKUWg2NWVXoNcAy1b.VKXVOW_anspcqVbWD3EbnudsrxPEhwn036JAjcuAZG9EAbyImrJL_I1Wpew",mdrd: "VmuuZ0wLjm1ae0bNPHqMFrnVqAbIynuhRYQ0taaUBkI-1739777582-1.2.1.1-qJxhnTkQ9HhDgKrEJgO7EQ9KI.StBT1090A7JKgixSCQs97StrNk9hIvUDOxjHaKAogMt4m_tJI7lKMpz3CTrvMyNwnwlFA9N1tbe.VhAqgjGc5TCi7vd2WmTmpqij1Lsil8fRx4KcnM_NLHivGdVGaj8mKLMLnrA6NoF.KchXGhWLgHLH230FfbkMGCj9pNnVUGG8IWQ2H.bFP5VmnJD39CTPNSuLTKYCoY5b40jrIvjDTAoSm1rT3X8wf6gn4ri77gFO2d7SpKAHF_JiRcaKMsJCKV7PJx7ptkQPzTA56J6KXWQID57FnhyY1uaK5SAd9WqgtLxBfTIo3xogHl81QpCunANtx7hXbVNQn60KKtYSu1yG4T3.p9K.9x76vHWGvbgXk.lf.w375L2sl92LpZg..5ldERdW0wat1AVOvvMHkMeHv9T.evmha43uXCz34hDHrEZZ0hmD8sUfYvYFheI2IgZXs3BCamtGhg.Ry3JGlDD7TfY2lfDv8lGFyi7ikYnDSE8ZuIupIx6BlgEzDKzUD.S2u4WCcqEtqzYed27Cou41U3lnuIeE3vfF9TI1FvcudwLH8v4M0qOUa_Cqv0NsUBTXqtQJgOLhKVfdP28YHN98cZBm7jpisaiTtc2a3H8121N8oI8qKwirMJB3aeNUEMHGm.EexTP4n0PlqxtKX4XIPN7sYnwEJx6F8yDOwoSp6UvguTbwkzDnG55PgBBo59YGu_jdWroCV5TmCnI_EpncCEEsXBBCXJDPYUfDrbM3Yw_iEsymevxhU4o59wJ7aZC1_C3q9Rtnq_fb9weMgEJcFZUJf_gDcoCv_8vjWbGmPXGOZ78jGDx7H9sbO2fhZrmfrZoLyQ2iZFqP1TG6CIsSn.xnxGnt4HwwOlmCmR1d5ya_kF5wO9MIxr0_pBUklzlo_mNTNp1mPXermRsR0pq2q6NCX9YAQz14BoV8ncL8uDERPdJjqt43lmkpWr5HVEAdryU9Utk0hLci82K8Fz3DYlKLzWX_Kqqu5wfp5ijET8imbsAK4ghRpp5aTywyJrnIOpfR4X9ZLJ4mOBWQjiQtFgnP5pIHowXDe4EPyXd1CQv9tw0U0Q1P9PKsWT6R.moa7Npk5d1bxXpF0ggUuhRwcaMK6ggnaCPxrgE3aFzedyVw12DHaBc0ebB7wJLO16d0IjZD1MM6qF0N.yaFKh.bweUJZNjJG.JK2UH5aLzZbKbQ_7DjqNNqcVW2NlvhrtG07NeQNlgcLThhW.n2XQbU84DXMpayBEKY5yXrj9rC.is6xj5tTF4puhCPrtNe31PznmOLsJCkyChVWcNZrDEnxmXiDF95d39c19XxVnRmrPmEZkG1b4Wenjf0umimU6Ymio_qyacX_wcy3_pSpBI2NGMrW2lkTvOXz7T73yeuQyOm4gAge7ikgDhbvNs.93Fnxh.oUJkwhqSWr.le9IYOoWfgkKgYbblviPgFCEN.z8ysw04ziRNu1JW1NsgpRCRR7hN.XxVgtL1Rb.XAES0eMZqij3nOh2FOFz0FFmdgsVvQHNHP2WKLNkzwDgKQw7YfNmGsL6nYFHkSy4IoA.wANy_GiwHxL7Bc_tEFvjW64GSu0WDyCyXbkiqHgoEn6M7kft3Ee2nF9644LnVnXWogV4p3z0NrliwWqkL.n79aS7SYg2SKHoNk8GA4DBNUjuCYZt799XmfGZWAWzAvBt7tdVUbxPcZeXh4XA8L41nTJUpcbIAZNNEwauprpN2.fFcZ2rMwwkrMWbGm3fFAf4WhG5T0oME7HDNzizEQ5OoYzrDHgBW2hjL6fUJnN8uhiciiLP06qf_kjzgRW2ML2Ww0UW2z9pk2zCWVUFQDbdy9MGcQIYAa2qqOu4ES_AhINRYC.aExESMu3MBJc61aOVX1x4.jcEn6h6WE1wicZ.U5CVJLeGGcvun5OEMfzzmCsMW6QJKJGEs1XpZbumocB3rjckY7uQRZyz4t0J"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913416454f9afd37';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Chao%20R.%20Chen&__cf_chl_rt_tk=tzdyB.JmUNF5nXLDEV98IGXT72J.gW.xqVKBigp6ow8-1739777582-1.0.1.1-8HluaWxJWKImwViM3uHeCO1b4KNWmGviIHrQ2DBeHDM" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>